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κ·Έλ¬λ λ―Έκ΅μ κ°κ°μ μνκ³Ό μ±μΈμ μμμ¨(ο§Όεη)μμ νμμ λ¨Έλ¬Όλ λ€. | The United States, however, finished low in each test and in adult literacy. |
μ΄λ² μ°κ΅¬λ μ λ―Έκ΅μ μ±μ μ΄ μ’μ§ μμλκ°λ₯Ό μ€λͺ
νλ €κ³ μλνμ§λ μμλ€κ³ λ§₯μ½λ―Ήμ΄ λ§νλ€. | McCormick said the study had not attempted to explain why the United States had fared badly. |
"λ§μ μ΄λ―Ό μΈκ΅¬κ° μκ³ , λ§μ μ λ μΈκ΅¬κ° μκ³ , λΉκ³€μ κ²©μ°¨κ° ν¬κ³ , κ²½μ μ μΌλ‘ μμ£Ό λ€μν κ΅κ°λ€μ μλ§λ κ΅μ‘ μ체μ μμ΄μλ μ΄λ° μ’
λ₯μ κ²°κ³Όλ₯Ό λνλ΄κ² λ κ²μ
λλ€." | "The countries that economically are very diverse, with big immigrant populations, with lots of moving around, with a huge poverty gap, probably are going to show these sorts of results with education itself." |
λΆλμ λμ±
μ μν΄ μ λΆ λ³΄μ‘°κΈ μ€μμ 15μ΅ λ¬λ¬ μ΄μμ΄ μμ μ§κΈλ κ²μ΄λ€. | More than $1.5 billion in government grants for homeless services will go to cities, up from $823 million this year. |
μΆ©λΆν μκΈ μ§μμ λ°λ λ λ€λ₯Έ μ°λ°©μ λΆ λμκ°λ° κ³νμΌλ‘ 1993λ
μ κ΅κ° λ΄μ¬λ²μ΄ μλ€. | Another well-funded federal program for cities is the National Service Act of 1993. |
μ΄ 8μ΅λ¬λ¬ κ·λͺ¨μ μ λΆμ£Όλ κ³νμ 2λ§ λͺ
μ΄ λλ μ μμ΄λ€μκ² μ΅μ μκΈκ³Ό, κ·Έλ¦¬κ³ μ κ΅μ μ립 νκ΅λ, λ³μ, κ²½μ°°μ λ±μμ 1λ
λμ λ΄μ¬νλ€λ 쑰건μΌλ‘ 5μ² λ¬λ¬μ λν μμ
λ£λ μ 곡νκ³ μλ€. | The $800 million initiative offers more than 20,000 young people a minimum wage salary plus $5,000 for college tuition in exchange for a year of service in city schools, hospitals and police departments nationwide. |
λͺλͺ μμ₯λ€μ΄ "μλ©λ¦¬μ½μ΄"λΌλ μλ‘μ΄ λ¨μ²΄μ λν΄ μꡬμ¬μ κ°κ³ μλ€λ κ²μ κ΅κ°λ΄μ¬ νλ‘κ·Έλ¨ κ΅μ₯μΈ μ리 μκ±Έλ μΈμ νκ³ μλ€. | National Service Program Director Elie Segal acknowledges that some of the mayors might have doubts about the new group known as "Americore." |
"μ€λ μ¬λ¬λΆλ€κ³Ό ν¨κ»νκ³ μλ ν
μ¬μ€μ μμ₯λ€μκ² λ¬Όμ΄ λ³΄μμ΅λκΉ? | "Ask the mayors of Texas with you today? |
ν
μ¬μ€ μμ₯λ€μ μκ³ μμ΅λλ€, μλνλ©΄ κ·Έλ€μ μ§λ μ¬λ¦ μ 87κ°μ μλ©λ¦¬μ½μ΄κ° ν
μ¬μ€ μ£Όλ₯Ό ν©μΈκ³ μ§λκ°μΌλ©°, κ·Έ 8μ£Όκ°μ κ³Όμ λμμ 10λ§4μ²λͺ
μ΄ λλ μμ΄λ€μκ² κ·Έ νλ‘κ·Έλ¨μ΄ μ μ©λμλ€λ κ²μ λ³΄κ³ λ€μκΈ° λλ¬Έμ
λλ€." | The mayors of Texas know because last summer they saw and learned as 87 Americores swept through the state of Texas and in the course of eight weeks immunized over a 104,000 little kids. |
κ·Έλ¦¬κ³ μ λ μ¬λ¬λΆλ€μ΄ 2μ²λ
μ μν
λ€μ λ©Έλ§μ λ¬μ¬νλ μλμλ κΈ°λΈμ λ§μ κΈ°μ΅ν΄ μ£ΌμμΌλ©΄ ν©λλ€. κ·Έλ μ΄λ κ² μΌμ΅λλ€. | "And I ask you to remember the words of Edward Gibbon as he described the collapse of Athens two millenary ago. |
'λ§μΉ¨λ΄ μν
λ€ μΈλ€μ΄ μ¬νμ λ² νλ €νμ§ μμ. μ¬νλ κ·Έλ€μκ² λ² νμ§ μμμ΅λλ€. | `When the Athenians finally wanted not to give to society,' he wrote, `but the society to give to them. |
κ·Έλ€μ΄ κ°μ₯ μνλ μμ κ° μ±
μμ μ§μ§ μλ μμ μμ λ, μν
λ€λ λ μ΄μ μμ λ‘μ§ μμμ΅λλ€ ' | When the freedom they wanted the most was freedom from responsibility, then Athens ceased to be free. |
λλ£ μ¬λ¬λΆ, κ·Έλ¬ν μΌμ΄ μ΄κ³³μμ μΌμ΄λμ§λ μμ κ²μ
λλ€. | ' My friends, this is not going to happen here." |
"λ¨ ν κ°μ§κ° μλ€λ©΄, μμ μλ μμ§λ§, κ·Έλ¬λ λ§μ½ λ¨ νλμ κ°μ₯ μ€μν λ
Όμκ±°λ¦¬κ° μλ€λ©΄ κ·Έκ²μ μ§μ
νλ ¨μ΄λΌκ³ μκ°ν©λλ€. | "I believe that job training is, if there is a single, and there's not, but if there were to be a single most important issue, it is that. |
λκ΅°κ°μκ² μΌμ리λ₯Ό κ°κ³ μλλ‘ νκ³ , κ·Έλ° μΌμ리, μλ―Έμλ μΌμ리, νλ²κ±°λ μ§μ΄λμ§λ κ·Έλ° μΌμλ¦¬κ° μλλΌ, μλ―Έμλ μΌμ리λ₯Ό μ»μ μ μλλ‘ νλ ¨μν€λ, κ·Έλμ κ·Έλ€μ΄ κ°μ‘±μ λΆμνκ³ , μ°λ¦¬κ° μ μμ μΌλ‘ μ΄μΌκΈ°νλ κ·Έλ° κ²λ€μ λ¬μ±ν μ μλ μ격μ κ°μΆκ² νλ λ₯λ ₯ λ§μ
λλ€." | The ability to allow someone to hold a job, to be trained for that, a meaningful job, not flipping hamburgers, but a meaningful job, therefore entitling them to the opportunity to raise a family and to achieve all those kinds of things that we talk about on a regular basis." |
κ·Έλμ μ§λ λ¬ νμ λΆλ 95κ΅°λ°μ λμ λ° λμ΄ μ¬μ
μ§μ λΏ μλλΌ 6κ°μ λλμμ ν κ΅°λ°μ μ€λμμ "κΆν λΆμ¬ μ§μ"μ΄λΌκ³ μλ €μ§ κ²μ μνν κ³νμ λ°νλ€. | And last month the administration unveiled its plan to create what are known as "Empowerment Zones" in six large cities and one mid-sized city as well as in 95 urban and rural enterprise zones. |
35μ΅ λ¬λ¬μ μ’
ν© λ³΄μ‘°κΈκ³Ό μΈκΈ ννμΌλ‘ κΈ°μ
λ€μ΄ κ²½κΈ° 침체 μ§μμΌλ‘ μ΄λνμ¬ μΌμ리λ₯Ό λ§λ ¨νκ² νκ³ , μ§μ κ²½μ λ₯Ό νμ±νμν€λλ‘ μ μΈνκ³ μλ€. | A $3.5 billion package of grants and tax incentives entices businesses to relocate in depressed areas, create jobs and revive the local economy. |
κ·Έλ°λ° κ·Έκ²μ, λ΄μ νμμ¦ μ‘μ§ κΈ°κ³ κ°μ΄λ©°, "λΉλ―Όκ° μ¬κ°λ° κ³νμ μ±κ³΅νμ§ λͺ»νλ€. "λΌλ μ λͺ©μ μ΅κ·Ό κΈ°μ¬μ μ μμΈ, λμ½λΌμ€ 리λ§μλ°λ₯΄λ©΄ μλͺ»λ μ κ·Ό λ°©λ²μ΄λ€. | Which is the wrong approach according to New York Times magazine writer Nicholas Leeman, author of the recent article titled, "Rebuilding The Ghetto Doesn't Work." |
1949λ
ν΄λ¦¬ νΈλ£¨λ§ λν΅λ Ήμ λμλΆν₯ κ³ν μ΄νλ‘ λͺ¨λ μ¬ν λμμ¬κ±΄ κ³νμ λμ μ§μλ€μ΄λ μλ‘ κ³ μ©λ λΉκ³€μΈ΅λ€μ΄ λΉλ―Όκ°μ κ·Έλλ‘ λ¨μμ μ¬λ μͺ½μ μ νν κ²μ΄λΌλ μ μ λ₯Ό κΈ°μ΄λ‘ νκ³ μλ€κ³ λ¦¬λ§ μ¨λ μ£Όμ₯νλ€. | Leeman argues that empowerment zones in every other city revitalization plan since President Harry Truman's Urban Renewal Initiative in 1949 is based on the premise that the newly-hired poor will choose to remain in the slums. |
λ¦¬λ§ μ¨λ μ¬μ€ λ§μ μ¬λλ€μ΄ μ€μ λ‘λ μ΄μ£Όν΄ λκ°λ€κ³ μΈκΈνλ€. | Leeman notes that in fact many have actually moved out. |
κ°μ ννκ° μμλ
μ κ±Έμ³ μλ°±λ§ λ²μ΄λ λ°λ³΅λμ΄ μ€κ³ μλ€κ³ κ·Έλ λ§νλ€. | A pattern, he says, that has been repeated millions and millions of times over the decades. |
보μμ μΈ ν΄λ¦¬ν°μ§ μ¬λ¨μ κ΅λ΄μ μ±
λΆμκ°μΈ λ‘λ²νΈ λ ν°λ, κ·Έμ 견ν΄λ‘λ, μ λΆκ° μλͺ»λ λ
Έλ ₯μΌλ‘ μμμ΅ λ¬λ¬μ λλΉλ₯Ό κ³μνκ³ μλ€κ³ μ£Όμ₯νλ€. | Robert Rechter, a domestic policy analyst for the conservative Heritage Foundation, argues that, in his view, the government continues to waste billions of dollars in a misguided effort. |
"λ§μ½ μ°λ°©μ λΆμ μΆκ°μ μΈ μ¬μμΌλ‘ λ―Έκ΅ λμλ¬Έμ λ₯Ό ν΄κ²°νμ κ±°λΌλ©΄ μ°λ¦¬λ μ΄λ―Έ μ€λ, μ€λμ μ κ·Έ λ¬Έμ λ€μ μΉμ νμκ±°λ κ²μ΄ νμ€μ
λλ€. | "The reality is that if additional federal money would have cured the problems of America's cities, we would've cured them long, long ago. |
1965λ
μΌλ‘ κ±°μ¬λ¬ μ¬λΌκ° λ¦°λ μ‘΄μ¨ λν΅λ Ήμ΄ μ£Όλ‘ λμ λ¬Έμ μ λν μ μμ΄μλ, κ°λμ λν μ μμ μμν μ΄νλ‘ λ―Έκ΅μ 볡μ§λ₯Ό μν΄ 5μ‘° λ¬λ¬λ₯Ό μ¨μλλ°, κ·Έ λμ μλΉμ‘μ λ―Έκ΅μ λμ λΉκ³€ μ§μμ ν¬μ
λμμ΅λλ€. | Since President Lyndon Johnson launched the war on poverty, which is largely an urban war, back in 1965 the United States of America has spent $5 trillion on welfare, much of it going to the inner cities of the United States. |
λ ν° μ¨λ, μμ μ΄ μλ λ°μ κ°μ΄, 볡μ§μ μ±
μ λν μμ‘΄μ λ§μ κ°λν μ¬λλ€μ λΉμ°Έν μνμ λ¨μ μλλ‘ νλ€κ³ λ§λΆμΈλ€. | Rechter adds that, as he sees it, dependence on welfare keeps many poor people in squalid conditions. |
"μ€λλ λμ λΉκ³€μ§μμ μ€μ
λ¬Έμ μ€μ νλλ λμ λΉκ³€ μ§μμ μ€μ
κ³μΈ΅λ€μ΄ κΈ°λ³Έμ μΌλ‘ μμ¬μ μΈ μ΄λμ±μ μμ€νλ€λ κ²μ
λλ€. | "One of the problems with joblessness in the inner city today is that the unemployed classes in the inner city have basically lost their historic mobility. |
μ΄λ€ μ§μμ μΌμλ¦¬κ° κ³ κ°λλ©΄ κ΄μ΅μ μΌλ‘ λ―Έκ΅μΈλ€μ μΌμλ¦¬κ° μλ λ€λ₯Έ μ§μμΌλ‘ μ΄λμ ν©λλ€. κ·Έλ°λ° λͺλͺ λμ λΉκ³€μ§μμ λ¬Έμ μ λ€ μ€μ νλλ κ·Έ μ§μμ μΌμλ¦¬κ° κ³ κ°λμ΄λ μ¬λλ€μ΄ μ΄λμ νμ§ μλλ€λ κ²μ΄λ©°, μ¬μ§μ΄ νμΈλ€ μ¬μ΄μμλ κ·Έλ λ€λ μ μ λλΆλΆμ μ°κ΅¬ κ²°κ³Όκ° λνλ΄ μ£Όκ³ μμ΅λλ€. | When jobs dry up in an area conventionally Americans move to other places where jobs are, and most research indicates that one of the problems in some of our inner city areas is that when the jobs dried up in those areas, the people did not move on, even among blacks." |
"νμΈλ€μ μ°λ¦¬μ¬νμμ μμ¬μ μΌλ‘ μμ£Ό μ΄λμ μΈ μΈκ΅¬μ
λλ€. | "Blacks are historically a very mobile population in our society. |
λ§μ κ²½μ°μ μμ΄μ, νμΈλ€μ κ·Έλ€μ΄ νμ¬ μ΄κ³ μλ λμ λΉκ³€μ§μμΌλ‘ ν 30λ
μ μ―€μ μ΄μ£Όν΄ μμ΅λλ€. | In many cases, the areas in the inner city where they live, they migrated to them within a generation ago. |
μλ¬Έμ μ μ΄μ§Έμ κ·Έ μ§μμ μΌμλ¦¬κ° κ³ κ°λμ΄λ κ·Έλ€μ΄ λ³΄λ€ λλ²μ΄κ° μ λλ μ§μμΌλ‘ μ΄λν΄ κ°μ§ μλλνλ κ²μ΄λ©°, κ·Έ μ΄μ λ μ°λ¦¬μ μ£Όν λ³΄μ‘°κΈ μ λμ λͺ¨λ λ€μν λ³΅μ§ νλ‘κ·Έλ¨ λ± λ³΅μ§ μ λκ° κ·Έλ€μκ² κ³Όλνκ² λ³΄μ‘°κΈμ μ§κΈνμ¬ κ·Έλ€μ΄ κ·Έκ³³μ κ·Έλλ‘ λ¨μμκ² λ§λ€κ³ , κ·Έλ€μ΄ μ€μ§ μνμ λ¨μ μλλ‘ λ§λ λ€λ κ²μ
λλ€." | The question is why when jobs dry up in those areas they're not moving on into more lucrative locations, and the reason is that the welfare system, our housing subsidy system and all of our manifold welfare programs, heavily subsidize them to remain where they are and to remain unemployed." |
λ―Έκ΅μ λμ λΉκ³€ μ§μλ€μ΄ μ§λ©΄νκ³ μλ μ£Όλ λ¬Έμ λ μ λΆ μ¬μμ΄λ μ§μμ λΆμ‘±μ΄ μλλΌ κ°μ‘±μ λΆμ΄κ³Ό λλμ κ°μΉκ΄μ λΆκ΄΄λΌκ³ λ‘λ²νΈ λ ν°λ κ²°λ‘ μ λ΄λ¦°λ€. | Robert Rechter concludes that the main problem facing American inner cities is not a lack of government funding or services but the disintegration of the family and the collapse of moral values. |
νμ§λ§ μμ±ν΄ DCμ μλ ν λλμ§λ¨μΈ λμ μ°κ΅¬μμ λμ λΆμκ°μΈ μ£ μ§ νΌν°μ¨μ μ¬λλ€μ μ€λνλ κ²μ΄ λ°λμ μ±κ³Όλ₯Ό μ»κ² λλ κ²μ μλλΌκ³ λ§νλ€. | But preaching to people doesn't necessarily get results, says George Peterson, an urban analyst with the Urban institute, a Washington, D.C. think tank. |
κ·Έλ¬λ λ¨μν κΆμ λ§μΌλ‘ μ±κ³΅μ μΈ κ²°κ³Όλ₯Ό μ»μλ€λ μ΄λ ν μ¦κ±°λ μ°λ¦¬λ κ°κ³ μμ§ μμ΅λλ€. | And I think there is a political consensus that's emerged that the right way to do that is to set up as many, and encourage as many community organizations, community groups, activities |
μμ£Ό λ§μ μ§μμ¬νμ μ‘°μ§μ΄λ, λ¨μ²΄λ€μ μΈμ λμ κ·Όκ΅λ₯Ό μμ΄λ€μ΄ μ΄κΈ° μ¬λ―Έμλ μ§μμΌλ‘ λ§λλ κ²κ³Ό λκ°μ κ·Έλ° νλμ νλλ‘ μ₯λ €νλ κ²μ΄ μ¬λ°λ₯Έ λ°©λ²μ΄λΌλ μ μΉμ μ¬λ‘ μ΄ λΆμνκ³ μλ€κ³ μκ°ν©λλ€. | the same kind of things that make the suburbs an interesting place for children to live. |
μλ₯Όλ€μ΄, λ³΄μ΄ μ€μΉ΄μκ³Ό κ±Έ μ€μΉ΄μ , κ·Έλ¦¬κ³ κ΅ν νλκ³Ό λ°©κ³Ό ν νλ λ©΄μμ, λλΆλΆμ λΉκ³€ μ§μμμλ κ·Έλ° μ’
λ₯μ μ§μ μ‘°μ§μ΄ λΆμ‘±νλ€λ κ²λλ€." | For example, in terms of Boy Scouts and Girl Scouts and in church activities, after school activities, there's a dearth of that kind of supportive organization in most poverty areas." |
μνλμμ€μ½μμ νλν¬ μ‘°λ¨ μμ₯μ μ λκ° κΈ΄λ°ν μ§μμ¬νμ μ€μμ±μ λν΄ μκΈ° κ°μΈμ μΈ μ΄μΌκΈ°λ₯Ό νκ³ μλ€. | In San Francisco, Mayor Frank Jordan tells a personal story about the importance of closeknit communities. |
κ·Έκ° μ΄ μ΄ λ κ·Έμ μ΄λ¨Έλκ° λμκ°μ
¨κΈ° λλ¬Έμ κ·Έμ μλ²μ§λ μμ¦μ λ§νλ μΈμͺ½ λΆλͺ¨κ° λμλ€. | His mother died when he was ten years old and his father became what is now known as a single parent. |
"κ·Έ λΉμμ μ°λ¦¬λ μ°λ¦¬λ₯Ό μμ‘ν΄ μ£Όλ κ°μ‘±μ΄ μμμ΅λλ€. | "We didn't have foster families in those days. |
μ΄μλ€μ΄ λ¬λ € λ€μκ³ , κ·Έλ€μ΄ νλμ μ°λ¦¬λ₯Ό λμμ£ . | The neighbors pitched in and they helped us for awhile. |
λλ μ¬μ§μ΄ λ΄ κ΅λ―Όνκ΅ κΈμ°μ ν¨κ» μ΄μμ΅λλ€. | I lived with even an elementary classmate of mine. |
κ·Έμ λΆλͺ¨λ€μ΄ μ°λ¦¬ μν©μ μκ³ μμκ³ , κ·Έλ€μ μμ£Ό κ°κΉμ΄ μ΄μμ μμκΈ° λλ¬Έμ λλ₯Ό λ°μλ€μλ κ±°μμ. | The parents knew of the situation and took me in because they were in the immediate neighborhood. |
κ΅νλ λν λμ μ£Όμμ΅λλ€. | The church helped out as well. |
κ·Έλ€μ νλμ μ§μμ¬νλ‘μ μλ°μ μΌλ‘ κ΄μ¬νκ² λλ λ°©λ²μ μ°ΎκΈ° μμνμ΅λλ€. | They found ways to just spontaneously start to get involved as a community. |
κ·Έλ κ² ν΄μ λμκ² μμ£Ό, μμ£Ό λμμ΄ λμλ νλλ κ°μ‘±κ³Ό μμ‘ κΈ°λ°μ κ°κ² λμλ κ²λλ€." | So l had an extended family and a support base that was very, very helpful to me." |
μΉκ΅¬μ μ΄μλ€μ΄ λμμ΄ νμν κ°μ‘±μ 보μκ³ , κ·Έκ²μ΄ μ³μ μΌμ΄μκΈ° λλ¬Έμ κ·Έλ€μ λμμ μ£ΌμμΌλ©°, κ·Έλ‘μΈν΄ κ·Έκ° κ³€κ²½μμ λ²μ΄λκ² λμλ€κ³ νλν¬ μ‘°λ¨μ λ§νλ€. | Frank Jordan stayed out of trouble, he says, because friends and neighbors saw a family in need and they helped because it was the right thing to do. |
μ¬λλ€μ΄ κ°μ‘±μ²λΌ μλ‘λ₯Ό λμ°λ €κ³ λμμ€ λ, λ―Έκ΅μ κ³ ν΅λ°λ λμ λΉκ³€μ§μλ€μ λΆν₯νκ² λ κ²μ΄λΌκ³ κ·Έλ λ§νλ€. | America's troubled inner cities will experience a renaissance, he says, when people get back to helping each other as if they were family. |
λ³Έ νλ‘ ν΄μ€μμΈ μ£€ μ‘ν°λΈλ μλΌμ€μΉ΄μ λ² ν
μ§μμμ μ€λ μλ λ‘ κ±°μ¬λ¬ μ¬λΌκ° μμ μ λΏλ¦¬λ₯Ό μμ λ΄
λλ€. | Commentator John Active traces his roots a long way back in the Bethel, Alaska, area. |
κ·Έλ μμ μ΄ λꡬμΈμ§ μκ³ μλ€κ³ μκ°νμμ΅λλ€. | He thought he knew who he was. |
μ§κΈ κΉμ§ λ΄λ΄ λλ λ΄κ° μμν νν΅μ μ ν½ μμ€ν€λͺ¨λΌκ³ μκ°νμ΅λλ€. κ·Έλ°λ° μ΄μ λ΄κ° κ·Έλ μ§ μλ€λ λ§μ λ€μ κ²μ
λλ€. | All this time I thought I was a full-blooded Yupik Eskimo, and now I am told I am not. |
40λ
μ΄ λλ μΈμ λμ λλ μ ν½μ‘±(ζ)μ΄λΌλ κ²μ μλμ€λ¬μ νκ³ , μ ν½μ‘±μμ λ§μ‘±ν΄ μμ΅λλ€. | For over 40 years I have been proud to be Yupik and reveled in the honor of Yupik-hood. |
λλ μ©μ λ¬Όκ³ κΈ° 머리λ₯Ό λ¨Ήλ μμΉλ₯Ό μ¦κ²ΌμΌλ©°, λͺ¨νΌλ‘ λ μμμ μ¦κ²¨ μ
μκ³ , μ¬μ§μ΄ μνΌλ§μΌμμ μ μ ν μΌμμ μ¬λ μΌμλ μ λ¬Έκ°κ° λμμμ΅λλ€. | I relished feasting on fermented fishheads, liked dressing in furs, and had even become an expert at purchasing fresh ice at the supermarket. |
λ΄ λ¨μ μΈμμ μ΄μ€ν μλΌμ€μΉ΄μΈμΌλ‘ μ΄μκ°κ³ μΆμ§ μμμ΅λλ€. | I didn't want to go around the rest of my life being a half-baked Alaskan. |
λλ μλΌμ€μΉ΄μ μλμΈ μ£Όλ
Έμ μ νλ₯Ό κ±Έμ΄ μλΌμ€μΉ΄ μμ£Όλ―Ό κΆλ¦¬μ‘°μ’
λ²μ λ°λ₯Έ μμ£Όλ―Ό λ±λ‘ μ
무 λ΄λΉμμ ν΅νλ₯Ό νμ΅λλ€. | I telephoned Juneau, the capital of Alaska, and spoke with a specialist who knew about the natives' enrollment in the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act. |
κ·Έ λ²μ 30λ
μ΄μ μ μλΌμ€μΉ΄ μμ£Όλ―Όλ€λ‘λΆν° λΆλΉνκ² μ°©μ·¨λ ν μ§μ λν 보μμ μν κ²μ΄μμ΅λλ€. | The act was in compensation for land unfairly taken away from Alaska natives more than 30 years ago. |
μλ°±λ§ λ¬λ¬, μλ°±λ§ μμ΄μ»€μ μ΄λ₯΄λ ν μ§μ λν λκ°κ° μ§λΆλμμ΅λλ€. | Nearly a million dollars and millions of acres of land have been paid out. |
κ·Έ λμ, μμ£Όλ―Όλ€μ΄ 보μμ λ°λλ‘ νκΈ° μνμ¬, μ격μ μ
μ¦νκΈ° μν λ±λ‘μ΄ μ΄λ£¨μ΄ μ‘μ΅λλ€. | At that time, in order for the natives to be compensated, an enrollment to certify eligibility was undertaken. |
κ·Έλ¦¬κ³ μ΄κ³ μ‘°μ¬λ₯Ό μ μνκ² νκΈ° μνμ¬ μ¬λλ€μ΄ κ³ μ©λμλλ°, λλΆλΆμ μ°λ¦¬μ λν΄ μλ κ²μ΄ κ±°μ μλ λΉμλΌμ€μΉ΄μΈλ€μ΄μμ΅λλ€. | And in order to expedite the count, people were hired, predominantly non-Alaskan, who know little about us. |
λ°λΌμ λλ κ·Έλ€μ΄ μ°λ¦¬μ νν΅λ λ±κΈμ μΆμ νμ κ²μ΄λΌ μκ°ν©λλ€. | So I'm assuming they guessed at our blood quantum. |
κ·Έ λ±λ‘ λ΄λΉμλ λ΄κ° λ΄ νν΅ μ‘°μ¬ μμΉλ₯Ό λ³κ²½νκ³ μ νλ€λ©΄ λ΄ μ’
μ‘± μ§λ¨μ μΉμΈμ κ±°μ³μΌ ν κ²μ΄λΌκ³ λ§νμ΅λλ€. | The enrollment specialist told me if I wanted to change my statistics, I'd have to go through my tribal organization. |
μ€λ λλ λ¨Έλ거리며 μλ‘μ΄ μΉμ§λ€μκ² λμ λ―Όμ‘±μ±μ λ°νκ³ μμ΅λλ€. | Today I find myself hesitant to tell new acquaintances my ethnicity. |
λͺ¨λ₯΄κ² μ΅λλ€, νμ§λ§ λλ μΈμ λ μ°½, μΉΌ, ν κ°, μκ³κ΄ λ±μ μλ°°ν΄ μμ΅λλ€. | I don't know but I've always had a fetish for spears, swords, togas and laurels. |
μ΄λ Έμ λμλ λ΄κ° μΈλμΈμΌλ‘ μλμΌλ©΄ νκ³ λ°λ¬μΌλ©°, κΈ°νκ° μμλ€λ©΄ μ€ν¬μΈ νμ΄ κ·Έλ€μ λ§μ€μ½νΈμ λ΄ μ΄λ¦μ λ° λͺ
λͺ
(ε½ε)νκ² νμ κ²μ
λλ€. | When I was young I hoped to grow up to be an Indian, and would have had some sports team name their mascot after me. |
λ λ‘± μ£€ μ‘ν°λΈλΌκ΅¬. | I'm Long John Active. |
λ΄κ° λ°μͺ½μ μ ν½μ‘±μ΄λΌλ©΄, λλ λ μμ μ "μ±"μ΄λΌκ³ λΆλ¬μΌ νλμ, "ν½"μ΄λΌκ³ λΆλ¬μΌ νλμ? | Since I'm only half-Yupik, should I call myself a "Yup" or a "Pik"? |
μ²μ 2λΆ λμμ 3λ¬λ¬ 95μΌνΈμ
λλ€. | $3.95 for the first two minutes. |
κΈ°μ μ κ³Όνμ (μ리λ₯Ό μ΄ν΄νλ) μ§μμ μ°μ
μΒ μν (μΌμ νκΈ° μν) μ§μμΌλ‘ λ³νμν¨λ€. | Technology converts the know-why of science / into know-how for industry. |
to the improvement μμ toλ μ μ©μ λμμ λνλ΄λΒ μ μΉμ¬λ‘μ toλ to the improvement and (to) the increase μΒ κ°μ΄ the increase μλ κ±Έλ¦°λ€λ κ²μ μ μν΄μΌ νλ€. his well-beingκ³Ό his wealthμμ hisλ man'sλ₯Ό λμ νλ κ²μ΄λ€. | In a wider sense, / it is the practical application of man's inventiveness / to the improvement of his well-being / and the increase of his wealth. |
μ¦, Four essentials advanceκ° μ£ΌλΆμ΄κ³ ,Β areκ° λμ¬μ΄λ©°, the right idea, the right method , the rightΒ moment , and availability λ λͺ¨λ 주격보μ΄μ΄λ€. put it into effectμμ itλ the right ideaλ₯Ό λ°λλ€. | Four essentials for technological advance are / the right idea, / the right method of putting it into effect, / the right moment in time, / and availability of the right materials. |
λ§μ§λ§ μμλ λ§€μ° μ€μνλ€. κ·Έλμ κ³ λμ μ±κ³΅μ μΈΒ λ¬Ένλ ꡬμκΈ°, μ μκΈ° μλ, μ²λκΈ° μλ, κ·Έλ¦¬κ³ Β μ² κΈ° μλμ κ°μ΄ λ
νΉν λ¬Όμ§μ μ μ‘°λΌλ 견μ§μμ μ μλλ€. | So important is the last factor / that successive cultures of the ancient world are defined / in terms of the working of characteristic materials - / the Old and New Stone Ages, the Bronze Age, and the Iron Age. |
μ¬κΈ°μμ how to do thingsλΒ λͺ
μ¬κ΅¬λ‘μ μ μΉμ¬ aboutμ λͺ©μ μ΄λ‘ μ°μ΄κ³ μλ€. | In one sense, / technology is a body of knowledge / about how to do things. |
(μ΄λλ‘ κ° κ²μΈμ§λ₯Ό λμκ² μλ €μ£Όκ² λ€.) | I'll let you know where to go. |
μ€μΈκΈ°κΉμ§λ μ΄λ° μ§μμ μ΄λμ΄ μλΉν μ¦κ°νμλ€. | The sum of this knowledge had increased / considerably / by the Middle Ages. |
general μΌλ°μ μΈ, μ λ°μ κ±ΈμΉλ Β Β shortage λΆμ‘± Β Β skilled labor μλ ¨λ λ
Έλλ ₯ Β Β workshop μμ
μ₯, 곡μ₯ Β Β mine κ΄μ°, κ΄μ
μ λ²μ : | During the second half of the 14th century, / there was a general shortage of skilled labor / for the workshops and the mines. |
μΈλ ₯μ κΈ°κ³μ μν΄ λ³΄κ°λμ΄μΌλ§ νλ€. | Manpower had to be reinforced by machines. |
κ·Έλ¦¬κ³ κΈ°κ³λ₯Ό λ€λ£¨λλ° μꡬλλ μλ‘μ΄ κΈ°μ μ μ΄μ§νκΈ°Β μνμ¬ μ곡μ
λμ μ λμ λμμΌλ‘μ κΈ°μ λνλΒ μ€λ¦½λμλ€. | And technical colleges were also set up / as a substitute for the craft apprenticeship, / in order to foster the new skills / that machinery demanded. |
λͺ¨μ€μ½λ°μμ μ΅κ·Όμ μμλ μ μΉκ°λ€, κΈ°μ
μΈλ€, κ΅°(θ»)κ΄λ¦¬λ€μ νν°μ μλμ€νμ€λ μμ£Ό μ μ‘°νλμ΄ μμλ€. | At a recent party for politicians, businessmen and military officers in Moscow, Anastasia fit right in. |
μ΄κΉ¨κΉμ§ λ΄λ €μ€λ μΌμν κΈλ°μ 머리λ₯Ό νκ³ , μν±μλ λΉ¨κ°κ² 맀λνμ΄λ₯Ό μΉ ν 19μ΄μ (λͺΈλ¬΄κ² 51ν¬λ‘, ν€ 162μΌν°) μλ΄ν μ΄ μ¬μλ μ°μΈμ΄λ μ¬μ£ΌμΈ, νν° κ±Έλ‘μ μκ°λμ΄μ‘μ κ²μ΄λ€. | With her shoulder-length, bleached-blond hair and long fingernails painted bright red, the compact 19-year-old (weight 51 kilograms, height 162 centimeters) could have been taken for a date, a mistress, a party girl. |
κ·Έλ
λ λ μ€ν λ μνμΌλ‘ λ°°ννλ μλλ€μ λ μΉ΄λ‘μ΄ μμ μΌλ‘ μ§μΌ 보μλ€. | She coolly eyed guests as they wandered in and out of the restaurant. |
κ·Έλ¦¬κ³ νΈλλ°± λμ μ νλ ν μ κ³ λ¦¬ μμͺ½μ κ°μ£½ μΌμ΄μ€μ λ§μΉ΄λ‘λΈ κΆμ΄μ μ§λκ³ μμλ€. | And instead of a purse, she carried a Makarov pistol in a holster beneath her loose jacket. |
μμ¦μ λ¬μμμμλ λλλ‘ λ³΄λ¦¬μ€ μμΉμ΄ 보μ΄μ§ μλ κ²μ²λΌ 보λκ°λλ€μ΄ λμ λ¨μ΄μ§ μκ² λμλ€. | These days in Russia, bodyguards have become as unremarkable as the occasional disappearances of Boris Yeltsin. |
μ΄ λλΌμμλ μΉμλ λ²μ£μ¨κ³Ό λ§νΌμμ νν¬ λλΆμ 보λκ°λ μ¬μ
μ μλκ³ μλ€. | The bodyguard business is good, thanks to the country's soaring crime rates and bloody mafia feuds. |
νμ§λ§ 보νΈλ°κ³ μ νλ λͺ¨λ λ¬μμμΈλ€μ΄ μ΄κΉ¨ λμ μ볡μ μ
μ κ·Όμ‘μ§μ λ¨μλ₯Ό κ³ μ©νκ³ μΆμ΄νλ κ²μ μλλ€. | But not every protection-minded Russian wants to employ a beefy guy in a wide-shouldered suit. |
λ°λΌμ νμ¬ μ΄ λλΌμμλ μλμ€νμ€μ μμμ λ€λ₯Έ μ¬μ 보λκ°λλ€μ΄ νλμ νκ³ μλ€. | Hence Anastasia and the handful of other women bodyguards currently at work in the country. |
κ·Έκ² μ°λ¦¬μ κ°μ μ΄μ£ ." | That's our strength." |
"λ§μ΅λλ€." 보λκ°λλΌλ λ¬μμμ μλ‘μ΄ μ‘μ§ νΈμ§μμΈ νμ΄μ€ νλ‘νΈλμ½λ°λ λ§νλ€. | "That's right," says Taisia Plotnikova, the editor of a new Russian magazine called Bodyguard. |
"κ·Έλ€μ΄ μμ£Ό λͺΈμ§μ΄ ν¬κ³ κ°μΈν΄μΌ ν νμλ μμ΅λλ€. | "They don't have to be very big and strong. |
κ·Έμ νλ ¨μ΄ μμ£Ό μ λμ΄μκΈ°λ§ νλ©΄ λ©λλ€." | They just have to be very well trained." |
λͺ¨μ€μ½λ°μ μλ μ€ μμ΄μ μμμ μΌνλ 26μΈμ μ€λ¦¬μ ν
λ₯΄μν¬νλλ 2μ£ΌμΌκ°μ 무μ νλ ¨μ λ°μ νμ 체μ€μ΄ 7ν¬λ‘κ·Έλ¨μ΄λ μ€μκ³ , μ¨ν΅ μμ² ν¬μ±μ΄κ° λμλ€κ³ νλ€. | Julia Teryokhina, 26, who works for the Alex Agency in Moscow, reports that she lost seven kilograms and was covered with bruises after undergoing two weeks of martial-arts training. |
μλμ€νμ€λ λͺ¨μ€μ½λ° κ΅μΈμ μλ ν μμ 보λκ°λ νλ ¨ νκ΅μΈ νλμμ 2λ
κ°μ κ³Όμ μ λ§μΉ 4λͺ
μ μ¬μλ€ μ€ ν λͺ
μ΄λ€. | Anastasia is one of four women who just completed a two-year program at Tandem, a small bodyguard school on the outskirts of Moscow. |
νλμ μ΄μνλ μ¬λ κ·Έ ν리μλΈλ μμ μ νμλ€μ΄ λΉμ¦λμ€ νκ²½μ μ μν μ μλλ‘ νλ ¨μν¨λ€. | Oleg Huriev, who runs Tandem, trains his students to adapt to business settings. |
κ·Έμ νμλ€μ λ€μ μ ν΅μ μΈ κ°λΌλ° νλ ¨μ΄λ μ΄κΈ° μ¬μ©λ²κ³Ό ν¨κ» μ»΄ν¨ν°, μ¬λ¦¬ν, κ·Έλ¦¬κ³ μ¬μ± κΈ°μ
μΈμΌλ‘μμ μ΄λ―Έμ§λΌλ κ³Όλͺ©λ μ΄μνκ² λλ€. | They take classes on computers, psychology and one called "businesswoman's image", along with the more traditional instruction in karate and the use of firearms. |
"μμ₯μ κ·Έλ€μκ² λκ² μ΄λ € μμ΅λλ€. | "The market," Huriev says, "is open for them." |
μ¬μλ€μ΄ κ·Έ μΌμ ν μ μλκ°? | Are women up to the job? |
보μνμ¬λ₯Ό μ΄μνλ λ§μ λ¨μ±λ€μ κ·Έλ κ² μκ°νμ§ μλλ€. | Many of the men who run security agencies don't think so. |
κ·Έλ€μ μ¬μλ€μ μ 체μ μΌλ‘ μ μν΄ λκ° μ μμΌλ©°, λν μ°Ύμ μ€λ κ³ κ°λ€μ΄ λ¨μλ€μ κ³ μ©νκ² λκΈ°λ₯Ό κΈ°λνλ€κ³ μ£Όμ₯νλ©°, μ¬μ± μλͺ¨μλ€μ νμμ μΈ μκ°μΌλ‘ λ°λΌ λ³Έλ€. | They view female candidates skeptically, arguing that they can't manage physically or that their clients come in expecting to hire men. |
μλ μ€μ μ μΌν μ¬μ 보λκ°λμΈ ν
λ₯΄μν¬νλλ μ¬μ± 보λκ°λλ₯Ό μ΄μνκ² μ¬κΈ°κ±°λ νμ§ κΈ°μ
μΈλ€μ 첩μ΄λΌκ³ μκ°νμ§ μλ μΈκ΅μ κΈ°μ
μΈλ€λ§μ μν΄ μΌν΄ μλ€λ μ μ μΈμ νκ³ μλ€. | As the sole woman bodyguard at Alex, Teryokhina admits that she has worked only for foreign businessmen, who don't think the idea of female bodyguards is odd, or for the spouses of local businessmen. |
λν κ·Έλ
λ κ·Έλ¬ν νλκ° λΉ λ₯Έ μμΌ λ΄μ λ°λ리λΌκ³ κΈ°λνμ§λ μλλ€. | And she doesn't expect such attitudes to change quickly. |
νμ§λ§ μ¬μ± 보λκ°λλ€μκ²λ λ§μ‘±ν΄ νλ κ³ κ°λ€μ΄ λ§μ΄ μλ€. | But the women have plenty of satisfied customers. |
"μ°λ¦¬λ κ·Έλ€(μ¬μ± 보λκ°λλ€)μκ² μμ£Ό λ§μ‘±ν΄ ν©λλ€. | "We were very happy with them. |
κ·Έλ€μ μμ ν μ§μ
μ μ λ¬Έκ°λ€μ
λλ€. "λΌκ³ λ―Έμ° λͺ¨μ€μ½λ° λ―ΈμΈ μ λ°λνμ μ€λ¬΄κ΅μ₯μΈ νν°μλ μλλ μλ°λ λ§νλ€. | They were completely professional," says Tatiana Andreeva, the director of the Miss Moscow beauty contest, who used the Tandem school team to guard the competition this year. |