Datasets:

dongguanting

/

RAG-QA-40K

like 2

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: World of Warcraft Content: World of Warcraft World of Warcraft (WoW) is a massively multiplayer online role-playing game (MMORPG) released in 2004 by Blizzard Entertainment. It is the fourth released game set in the "Warcraft" fantasy universe. "World of Warcraft" takes place within the "Warcraft" world of Azeroth, approximately four years after the events at the conclusion of Blizzard's previous "Warcraft" release, "." The game was announced in 2001, and was released for the 10th anniversary of the "Warcraft" franchise on November 23, 2004. Since launch, "World of Warcraft" has had seven major expansion packs released for it: "", "", "", "", "", "", Passage-1 Title: World of Warcraft: The Burning Crusade Content: brick and mortar game stores around the world as midnight approached in their local timezone. The game was released in North America, Europe, Singapore, Thailand, and Malaysia on January 16, 2007. It was released in Australasia one day later on January 17, 2007. It was later released in South Korea on February 1, 2007; in Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Macau on April 30, 2007. The game was released in mainland China on September 6, 2007. On June 28, 2011, Blizzard included the Burning Crusade expansion to all players who purchase the base game. On July 17, 2018 with the pre-patch Passage-2 Title: Warcraft (film) Content: and Legendary Pictures in October 2014. The vinyl version of the soundtrack was released on September 5, 2016. "Warcraft" was set to be released on December 18, 2015, but following the announcement of the coinciding release of "", the release was pushed back to the following year. The film premiered at the Le Grand Rex in Paris on May 24, 2016. It was released in the United Kingdom on May 30, 2016, in the United States on June 10, 2016 and in Australia on June 16, 2016, ten years after the project was first announced. "Warcraft" was released on digital Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: when did world of war craft come out

November 23, 2004

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Los Angeles Dodgers Content: 1947, 1949, 1952, 1953, 1955, 1956) and the World Series in 1955. After moving to Los Angeles, the team won National League pennants in 1959, 1963, 1965, 1966, 1974, 1977, 1978, 1981, 1988, 2017, and 2018, with World Series championships in 1959, 1963, 1965, 1981 and 1988. In all, the Dodgers have appeared in 20 World Series: 9 in Brooklyn and 11 in Los Angeles. For most of the first half of the 20th century, no Major League Baseball team employed an African American player. Jackie Robinson became the first African American to play for a Major League Baseball team Passage-1 Title: Los Angeles Dodgers Content: two outs in the bottom of the ninth inning of game 1, in his only appearance of the series. The Dodgers won the pennant in 2017 and 2018, but lost the World Series to the Houston Astros and Boston Red Sox respectively. The Dodgers share a fierce rivalry with the San Francisco Giants, the oldest rivalry in baseball, dating back to when the two franchises played in New York City. Both teams moved west for the 1958 season. The Brooklyn Dodgers and Los Angeles Dodgers have collectively appeared in the World Series 20 times, while the New York Giants and Passage-2 Title: New York Yankees Content: 11 World Series victories. The Yankees' number of World Series losses, 13, leads Major League Baseball. The Brooklyn/Los Angeles Dodgers are second in total World Series appearances with twentie. Of their 20 World Series appearances, the Dodgers have faced the Yankees eleven times, going 3–8, while the Giants have faced the Yankees seven times, going 2–5. Among North American major sports, the Yankees' success is approached only by the 24 Stanley Cup championships of the Montreal Canadiens of the National Hockey League. The Yankees have played in the World Series against every National League pennant winner except the Houston Astros Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: how many times have the dodgers gone to world series

19

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Ministry of Transport (Malaysia) Content: Ministry of Transport (Malaysia) The Ministry of Transport (), abbreviated MOT, is a ministry of the Government of Malaysia that is responsible for transport: road transport, civil aviation, marine, road safety, port authority, railway assets, maritime, air accident investigation, logistic, maritime safety, shipping, rail transport, airport, airline. The Minister of Transport administers his functions through the Ministry of Transport and a range of other government agencies. The current Minister of Transport is Loke Siew Fook, whose term began on 18 May 2018. The current Deputy Minister of Transport is Kamarudin Jaffar, whose term began on 2 July 2018. Its headquarters Passage-1 Title: Ministry of Transport (Malaysia) Content: is in Putrajaya. The Ministry of Transport is responsible for administration of several key Acts: Become the leader of world class transportation system. Ensure that the various transport systems that are efficient, sustainable, integrated, secure, and user-friendly. Sustainable transport heart of national transformation. Ministry of Transport (Malaysia) The Ministry of Transport (), abbreviated MOT, is a ministry of the Government of Malaysia that is responsible for transport: road transport, civil aviation, marine, road safety, port authority, railway assets, maritime, air accident investigation, logistic, maritime safety, shipping, rail transport, airport, airline. The Minister of Transport administers his functions through the Ministry Passage-2 Title: John Bande Content: Peter Mutharika, Attorney General Dr. Jane Ansah and the Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) Regional Governor for the South, Noel Masangwi were beneficiaries. An investigation is still being conducted by the Anti Corruption Bureau. John Bande John F. Bande is the current Minister of Trade and Industry of Malawi. He is the former Minister of Lands, Housing and Trade. In 2006 he served as the Deputy Minister of Information & Civic Education. As Minister he publicly declared that there was deep rooted corruption in his ministry. During his tenure as Minister of Lands and housing there was a housing scandal in Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who is the minister of transport in malawi

Hon. Francis Kasaila

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: I Can Only Imagine (MercyMe song) Content: I Can Only Imagine (MercyMe song) "I Can Only Imagine" (sometimes shortened to "Imagine") is a single recorded by Christian rock band MercyMe. Written and composed by lead vocalist Bart Millard, the song, based around a main piano track, was inspired by the death of Millard's father and considers what it would be like in Heaven and to be standing before God. The song was first issued as a track on MercyMe's 1999 album "The Worship Project", which was released on an independent record label. The song was re-recorded and included on their 2001 major-label debut album "Almost There" as Passage-1 Title: I Can Only Imagine (film) Content: and he reunites with Shannon, who was also in attendance. The band releases the song as their first single, achieving success on both Christian and mainstream radio. The film was announced in December 2016. Dennis Quaid joined the cast in January 2017. Broadway actor J. Michael Finley, who sang all the songs in the movie, makes his film debut as Bart Millard. The same month, it was announced that the film was slated for release in the spring of 2018. In August 2017, Lionsgate and Roadside Attractions signed on as distributors for the film for a nationwide release in the Passage-2 Title: I Can Only Imagine (MercyMe song) Content: After hearing the song played on the station, Millard called-in and spoke with the crew; MercyMe then came in and played the song live. As other stations around the country caught on, MercyMe's label, INO Records, partnered with Curb Records. They marketed the single to wider audiences, such as Top 40 radio. In September, INO and Curb also released a double A-side physical single, "I Can Only Imagine/Word of God Speak". The latter track was co-written by Millard with the band's producer, Kipley. Eventually, the song cracked into secular charts, including the "Billboard" Hot 100 and the Hot Adult Contemporary Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: when did i can only imagine get released

2001

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Messi–Ronaldo rivalry Content: itself has been described as one about records and reputation of the players, rather than one based in loathing. Ronaldo is the UEFA Champions League all-time top goalscorer while Messi is second. The two had broken each other's record over the course of 2015 after Messi surpassed the previous record holder Raúl in November 2014. Ronaldo opened a gap in the 2015–16 season when he became the first player to score double figures in the group stage of the Champions League, setting the record at 11 goals. They are the first two players to score 100 goals in UEFA Champions Passage-1 Title: Messi–Ronaldo rivalry Content: Messi–Ronaldo rivalry The Messi–Ronaldo rivalry is a football rivalry between fans of Argentinian forward Lionel Messi and Portuguese forward Cristiano Ronaldo and supposedly between the athletes themselves. Having won a combined ten Ballon d'Or/FIFA Ballon d'Or awards (5 each), both are widely regarded not only as the two best players of their generation, but also regarded by many as the greatest of all time. Both players have regularly broken the 50 goal barrier in a single season and have scored over 600 goals each in their careers for club and country. Sports journalists and pundits regularly argue the individual merits Passage-2 Title: Lionel Messi Content: City 4–0. On 1 November, Messi scored his 54th Champions League group stage goal in Barcelona's 3–1 away loss to Manchester City, surpassing the previous record of 53 goals held by Raúl. On 12 November, Messi placed second in the 2016 Ballon d'Or behind Cristiano Ronaldo, who claimed the award for the fourth time. He finished the year with 51 goals, making him Europe's top scorer, one ahead of Zlatan Ibrahimović. After placing second in the 2016 Ballon d'Or, on 9 January 2017 Messi also finished in second place – behind Cristiano Ronaldo once again – in the 2016 Best Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who has scored more goals messi or ronaldo

Cristiano Ronaldo

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Munni Badnaam Hui Content: Munni Badnaam Hui "Munni badnaam hui" (; ) is a song from the 2010 Bollywood movie "Dabangg" featuring Malaika Arora Khan along with Sonu Sood and Salman Khan. The song is sung by Mamta Sharma and Aishwarya Nigam, with music by Lalit Pandit. Mamta Sharma won the Filmfare award for best female playback singer for this song, while Sajid-Wajid and Lalit Pandit won the Filmfare award for best music director in the 56th Filmfare Awards 2011. Due to its popularity, Malaika (and the song itself) was frequently compared to actress Katrina Kaif and her item number "Sheila Ki Jawani" from Passage-1 Title: Munni Badnaam Hui Content: has a sequel — "Pandeyjee Seeti Mare" — featuring Malaika Arora Khan with the heroine of the film "Sonakshi Sinha". There is another item song named "Fevicol Se" featuring Kareena Kapoor Khan and Salman Khan. Munni Badnaam Hui "Munni badnaam hui" (; ) is a song from the 2010 Bollywood movie "Dabangg" featuring Malaika Arora Khan along with Sonu Sood and Salman Khan. The song is sung by Mamta Sharma and Aishwarya Nigam, with music by Lalit Pandit. Mamta Sharma won the Filmfare award for best female playback singer for this song, while Sajid-Wajid and Lalit Pandit won the Filmfare Passage-2 Title: Dabangg Content: catchy, easy on the ears and fun". In a 3-star rating, critic Devesh Sharma of "Filmfare" praised Sajid-Wajid's composition, and the track "Chori Kiya Re Jiya", calling it "[pleasure] to the ears". The album performed well on the charts after its release. The tracks "Tere Mast Mast Do Nain" and "Munni Badnaam" were successful, and entered the list of top 20 most frequently played songs on radio in India. In August 2010, the track "Tere Mast Mast Do Nain" reached number-one on the Official Asian Download Chart in the United Kingdom based on legal downloads in that country. Track list Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who becomes badnaam for her darling according to the song in dabangg

Malaika Arora

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: United States at the 2008 Summer Olympics Content: highest total medal count, and won more silver and bronze medals than any other participating nation. This games also saw a gold medal record for U.S. swimmer Michael Phelps, who won 8 golds surpassing Mark Spitz's record of 7 golds in a single Olympic event in 1972. Phelps also surpassed Spitz, Larisa Latynina of the USSR, Paavo Nurmi of Finland, and U.S. sprinter Carl Lewis to become the current record holder for the most Olympic gold medals (14). The United States also saw milestones in women's swimming. Natalie Coughlin won 6 medals in Beijing, the most for a female Olympic Passage-1 Title: 2000s (decade) Content: China's colossal clout in an increasingly shaky world economy, and therefore of the importance of keeping good relations with its government.' One of the most prominent events of the 2008 Summer Olympics held in Beijing was the achievement of Michael Phelps the American swimmer, frequently cited as the greatest swimmer and one of the greatest Olympians of all time. He has won 14 career Olympic gold medals, the most by any Olympian. As of August 2, 2009, Phelps has broken thirty-seven world records in swimming. Phelps holds the record for the most gold medals won in a single Olympics, his Passage-2 Title: Eric Heiden Content: Eric Heiden Eric Arthur Heiden (born June 14, 1958) is an American physician and a former long track speed skater, road cyclist and track cyclist. He won an unprecedented five individual gold medals, and set four Olympic records and one world record at the 1980 Winter Olympic Games. Heiden was the most successful athlete at those Olympic Games, single-handedly winning more gold medals than all nations except for the Soviet Union (10) and East Germany (9). He is the most successful Winter Olympian from a single edition of any Winter Olympics. He delivered the Athlete's Oath at those same 1980 Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who won the most gold medals in one olympic games

Alexander Dityatin

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: The Big Chill (film) Content: The Big Chill (film) The Big Chill is a 1983 American comedy-drama film directed by Lawrence Kasdan, starring Tom Berenger, Glenn Close, Jeff Goldblum, William Hurt, Kevin Kline, Mary Kay Place, Meg Tilly, and JoBeth Williams. The plot focuses on a group of baby boomers who attended the University of Michigan, reuniting after 15 years when their friend Alex commits suicide. Kevin Costner was cast as Alex, but all scenes showing his face were cut. It was filmed in Beaufort, South Carolina. The soundtrack features soul, R&B, and pop-rock music from the 1960s and 1970s, including tracks by Creedence Clearwater Passage-1 Title: The Big Chill (film) Content: Revival, Aretha Franklin, Marvin Gaye, The Temptations, The Rolling Stones, and Three Dog Night. "The Big Chill" was adapted for television as the short-lived 1985 CBS series "Hometown". Later, it influenced the TV series "thirtysomething". Harold Cooper is bathing his young son when his wife, Sarah, receives a phone call at their Richmond home telling her that their friend, Alex, has committed suicide. At the funeral, Harold and Sarah are reunited with college friends from the University of Michigan. They include Sam, a television actor; Meg, a real estate attorney in Atlanta; Michael, a journalist for "People"; Nick, a Vietnam Passage-2 Title: Kevin Costner Content: Later, he was cast in "The Big Chill" and filmed several scenes that were planned as flashbacks, but they were removed from the final cut. His role was that of Alex, the friend who committed suicide, the event that brings the rest of the cast together. Costner was a friend of director Lawrence Kasdan, who promised the actor a role in a future project. That became "Silverado" (1985) and a breakout role for Costner. He also starred that year in the smaller films "Fandango" and "American Flyers" and appeared alongside Kiefer Sutherland in an hour-long special episode of Steven Spielberg's Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who played the dead guy in the big chill

Kevin Costner

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Sia (musician) Content: Sean Paul, reached No. 1 on the US "Billboard" Hot 100. Sia released two videos for the song, one of which features Ziegler and two male dancers, while the other, featuring Sean Paul, shows a 1950s style teen dance party; it has accumulated more than one billion views. In April 2016, Sia gave a widely acclaimed performance at the Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival that went viral online. Her performance received an effusively positive critical reception as "one of the greatest moments in Coachella's 17-year history", and it was consistently noted as one of the best performances of the Passage-1 Title: Rainbow (Sia song) Content: Rainbow (Sia song) "Rainbow" is a song by Sia, released on September 15, 2017, as the lead single from the animated film "" . In the film, the song is performed by a pop singer Pegasus pony named Songbird Serenade (voiced by Sia). The music video for "Rainbow" was released on September 19, 2017. The video was directed by Daniel Askill and features Maddie Ziegler with choreography by Ryan Heffington. The video cuts between footage of Songbird Serenade performing for a packed crowd and Ziegler dancing alone on a stage covered by a thin film of water, wearing a wig Passage-2 Title: Maddie Ziegler Content: Maddie Ziegler Madison Nicole Ziegler ( ; born September 30, 2002), is an American dancer, actress and model. She first became known for appearing in Lifetime's reality show "Dance Moms" from 2011 (at age 8) until 2016. From 2014 to 2017, she gained wider fame for starring in a series of music videos by Sia, including "Chandelier" and "Elastic Heart", which cumulatively have attracted more than 4 billion views on YouTube. Ziegler has appeared in films, television and concerts, and has modeled on magazine covers and in advertisements for Capezio, Ralph Lauren and Target, among other brands. She was included Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who is the dancer in the sia videos

Maddie Ziegler

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: So You Think You Can Dance (U.S. season 15) Content: So You Think You Can Dance (U.S. season 15) So You Think You Can Dance, an American dance competition show, returned for its fifteenth season on Monday, June 4, 2018. The season's judge panel once again features series creator Nigel Lythgoe, as well as the return of ballroom expert Mary Murphy, and Vanessa Hudgens, while Stephen "tWitch" Boss is the new fourth judge during the auditions and the live shows. Cat Deeley continues in her role as host for a fourteenth consecutive season. Open auditions for season 15 were held in two cities beginning in March 2018. During the auditions, Passage-1 Title: So You Think You Can Dance (U.S. season 15) Content: the judges were joined by special guest judge, Stephen "tWitch" Boss. Below comprises those who have advanced into the initial top twenty dancers (ten male and ten female dancers), until this year's "twist" which ultimately cut the finalist roster going to the live shows in half. Contestants are listed in chronological order of elimination (TBD). Solos: So You Think You Can Dance (U.S. season 15) So You Think You Can Dance, an American dance competition show, returned for its fifteenth season on Monday, June 4, 2018. The season's judge panel once again features series creator Nigel Lythgoe, as well as Passage-2 Title: So You Think You Can Dance (U.S. TV series) Content: produced for broadcast markets in other nations, began airing in August 2005, and dozens of localized adaptations of the show have been produced since, airing in 39 countries to date. The fifteenth and most recent season of the U.S. show aired from June 4 through September 10th, 2018. A typical season of "So You Think You Can Dance" is divided between a selection process, during which expert judges select competitors from a wide pool of applicant dancers, and a competition phase, during which these 'finalists' (more typically referred to as the 'Top 20') compete for votes from home viewers. Though Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: season 15 judges so you think you can dance

Stephen "tWitch" Boss

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: A&W Root Beer Content: A&W Root Beer A&W Root Beer is a root beer brand primarily available in the United States and Canada, started in 1919 by Roy W. Allen. In 1922, Allen partnered with Frank Wright. They combined their initials to create the brand "A&W" and inspired a restaurant chain, founded in 1922. Originally, A&W root beer drinks sold for five cents. Outside Canada, the rights to the A&W brand are owned by Keurig Dr Pepper, which in turn licenses the brand to the similarly named U.S.-based restaurant chain; A&W products are distributed via various U.S. bottlers. A&W Food Services of Canada, which Passage-1 Title: A&W Root Beer Content: Diet A&W. In October 1993, A&W Beverages was folded into Cadbury Beverages. That company would spin off its US beverages business as Keurig Dr Pepper in 2008. In March 2005, A&W began to appear in the Vintage Bottle, a 20-ounce bottle with graphics reminiscent of an old fashioned root beer barrel. The brand's current tagline is, "Classic American Refreshment Since 1919." In July 2017, A&W Canada reformulated its root beer, dropping High Fructose Corn Syrup from the recipe, substituting two herbs and cane sugar. The new formula comes with an ad campaign for one day of free Root Beer. The Passage-2 Title: A&W Root Beer Content: Hurtz, who formed the A&W Root Beer Company. The first A&W Root Beer outlet in Canada opened in 1956. By 1960, the number of A&W restaurants swelled to more than 2,000. In 1963, the A&W Root Beer Company was sold to the J. Hungerford Smith Company, which had produced Allen's concentrate since 1921. In the same year, the first overseas A&W restaurant opened its doors in Guam. In 1963, the company was sold to the United Fruit Company, then renamed the United Brands Company. In 1971, United Brands formed a wholly owned subsidiary, A&W Distributing Co., for the purpose of Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: what company makes a and w root beer

Keurig Dr Pepper

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Paul Martin Content: adviser to the International Monetary Fund, and to the Coalition for Dialogue on Africa. He also works with the Martin Family Initiative, which assists First Nations youth. In November 2017 an investigation conducted by the International Consortium of Investigative Journalism cited his name in the list of politicians named in "Paradise Papers" allegations. <br> <br> Paul Martin Paul Edgar Philippe Martin (born August 28, 1938), also known as Paul Martin Jr., is a Canadian politician who served as the 21st Prime Minister of Canada from December 12, 2003, to February 6, 2006. Martin served as the Member of Parliament for Passage-1 Title: Premiership of Stephen Harper Content: Premiership of Stephen Harper The premiership of Stephen Harper began on February 6, 2006 when Stephen Harper and his first cabinet were sworn in by Governor General Michaelle Jean. Harper was invited to form the 28th Canadian Ministry and become Prime Minister of Canada following the 2006 election where Harper's Conservative Party won a plurality of seats in the House of Commons of Canada leading to the resignation of Prime Minister Paul Martin. In the 2011 federal election, Harper won his first majority government. From Canadian confederation until the 1993 election, two parties alternated between the positions of government and Passage-2 Title: Paul Martin Content: Paul Martin Paul Edgar Philippe Martin (born August 28, 1938), also known as Paul Martin Jr., is a Canadian politician who served as the 21st Prime Minister of Canada from December 12, 2003, to February 6, 2006. Martin served as the Member of Parliament for the riding of LaSalle—Émard in Montreal from his election in the 1988 election to his retirement in 2008. He served as Minister of Finance from 1993 to 2002. He oversaw many changes in the financial structure of the Canadian government, and his policies had a direct effect on eliminating the country's chronic fiscal deficit by Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who was prime minister of canada in 2006

Stephen Harper

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Prime minister Content: in whom they placed special trust and who were regarded as the head of the government. Examples were Thomas Cromwell under Henry VIII; William Cecil, Lord Burghley under Elizabeth I; Clarendon under Charles II and Godolphin under Queen Anne. These ministers held a variety of formal posts, but were commonly known as "the minister", the "chief minister", the "first minister" and finally the "prime minister". The power of these ministers depended entirely on the personal favour of the monarch. Although managing the parliament was among the necessary skills of holding high office, they did not depend on a parliamentary majority Passage-1 Title: Records of Prime Ministers of the United Kingdom Content: the reign of the present sovereign Queen Elizabeth II. King George III (reigned 1760–1820) Queen Victoria (reigned 1837–1901) Queen Elizabeth II (acceded 1952) <nowiki>*</nowiki> Perceval was assassinated in 1812. His is the only complete lifetime lived by a Prime Minister under a single sovereign. Both Robert Walpole (1676–1745) and Lord Wilmington ( 1673–1743) lived under the reigns of the same six sovereigns: Charles II, James II, William III and his joint sovereign Mary II, Queen Anne, George I and George II. Sir Winston Churchill (1874–1965), Clement Attlee (1883–1967), Anthony Eden (1897–1977) and Harold Macmillan (1894–1986) all lived under the six Passage-2 Title: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland Content: policy was controlled by London and it was an integral part of the British Empire. Prime Ministers of the period included: Lord Melbourne, Sir Robert Peel, Lord John Russell, Lord Derby, Lord Aberdeen, Lord Palmerston, Benjamin Disraeli, William Ewart Gladstone, Lord Salisbury, and Lord Rosebery. The Queen gave her name to an era of British greatness, especially in the far-flung British Empire with which she identified. She played a small role in politics, but became the iconic symbol of the nation, the empire, and proper, restrained behaviour. Her success as ruler was due to the power of the self-images she Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: how many prime ministers in the queen's reign

160

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Daylight saving time in the United States Content: effort to conserve fuel, Germany began observing DST on May 1, 1916. The rest of Europe soon followed. The plan was not adopted in the United States until the Standard Time Act of March 19, 1918, which confirmed the existing standard time zone system and set summer DST to begin on March 31, 1918 (reverting October 27). The idea was unpopular and Congress abolished DST after the war, overriding President Woodrow Wilson's veto. DST became a local option and was observed in some states until World War II, when President Franklin Roosevelt instituted year-round DST, called "War Time", on February Passage-1 Title: Daylight saving time in the United States Content: Virgin Islands. During the 1973 oil embargo by the Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries (OAPEC), in an effort to conserve fuel, Congress enacted a trial period of year-round DST (P.L. 93-182), beginning January 6, 1974, and ending April 27, 1975. The trial was hotly debated. Those in favor pointed to increased daylight hours in the summer evening: more time for recreation, reduced lighting and heating demands, reduced crime, and reduced automobile accidents. The opposition was concerned about children leaving for school in the dark. The act was amended in October 1974 (P.L. 93-434) to return to standard time for Passage-2 Title: History of time in the United States Content: zones was not established in U.S. law until the Standard Time Act of 1918 of March 19, 1918, also known as the Calder Act (15 USC 260). The act also established daylight saving time, itself a contentious idea. Daylight saving time was repealed in 1919, but standard time in time zones remained in law, with the Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) having the authority over time zone boundaries. Daylight time became a local matter. It was re-established nationally early in World War II, and was continuously observed until the end of the war. After the war its use varied among states Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: when was daylight savings time created in us

1918

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Use of Twitter by public figures Content: are maintained by their publicists. The most popular United Kingdom celebrities on Twitter come from television with people like Stephen Fry and Jonathan Ross being amongst the most popular British celebrities on the site. Fry's success on Twitter is credited with being the same person on Twitter that he is off Twitter. Twitter is used by politicians including former US president Barack Obama, cabinet members in Chile, and politicians in Germany, Japan and India. Barack Obama is the most followed politician with 102 million followers on his personal twitter. He is followed by US President Donald Trump with 51.5 million Passage-1 Title: Marcus Butler Content: 2017) and over 379 million video views, and is the 336th most subscribed channel on YouTube; his second channel "Just Marcus" has over 2 million subscribers (2,022,063 as of 25 February 2017) and over 260 million video views. Butler was mentioned by "The Telegraph" as one of "Britain's most influential Tweeters" in 2013. , Butler has over 3 million followers on Twitter and over 3.6 million on Instagram. Alongside fellow YouTubers Joe Sugg and Alfie Deyes, Butler starred in an episode of the British television show Release the Hounds. Their episode aired on 2 March 2017. He also starred in Passage-2 Title: Twitter usage Content: in the 1930s. By midday on 22 April, the "#nickcleggsfault" was the second-most tweeted hashtag on Twitter globally, second to Earth Day, and the most tweeted hashtag in the United Kingdom. Twitter was used during the Egyptian Revolution of 2011; it was used as a tool to disseminate information and coordinate participants in the uprising, although Twitter was blocked by Egyptian mobile phone operators for a period of time. After the Egyptian Revolution, the most important people, ministries and the president started to have account on Twitter and share information with people. Since September 21, 2011, Twitter has had a Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who's the most followed british person on twitter

BBC Breaking News

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Neuman systems model Content: Neuman systems model The Neuman systems model is a nursing theory based on the individual's relationship to stress, the reaction to it, and reconstitution factors that are dynamic in nature. The theory was developed by Betty Neuman, a community health nurse, professor and counselor. The central core of the model consists of energy resources (normal temperature range, genetic structure, response pattern, organ strength or weakness, ego structure, and knowns or commonalities) that are surrounded by several lines of resistance, the normal line of defense, and the flexible line of defense. The lines of resistance represent the internal factors that help Passage-1 Title: Neuman systems model Content: the patient defend against a stressor, the normal line of defense represents the person's state of equilibrium, and the flexible line of defense depicts the dynamic nature that can rapidly alter over a short period of time. The purpose of the nurse is to retain this system's stability through the three levels of prevention: Neuman systems model The Neuman systems model is a nursing theory based on the individual's relationship to stress, the reaction to it, and reconstitution factors that are dynamic in nature. The theory was developed by Betty Neuman, a community health nurse, professor and counselor. The central Passage-2 Title: Niklas Luhmann Content: introduced to sociology in the early 20th century by Max Weber and later re-defined and defended against its critics by Karl Popper. However, in an academic environment that never strictly separated descriptive and normative theories of society, Luhmann's sociology has widely attracted criticism from various intellectuals, including Jürgen Habermas. Luhmann's systems theory is not without its critics; his definitions of "autopoietic" and "social system" differ from others. At the same time his theory is being applied or used worldwide by sociologists and other scholars. It is often used in analyses dealing with corporate social responsibility, organisational legitimacy, governance structures as Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: which type of theory is the neuman systems model

nursing theory

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Singin' in the Rain Content: Singin' in the Rain Singin' in the Rain is a 1952 American musical-romantic comedy film directed and choreographed by Gene Kelly and Stanley Donen, starring Kelly, Donald O'Connor, and Debbie Reynolds. It offers a lighthearted depiction of Hollywood in the late 1920s, with the three stars portraying performers caught up in the transition from silent films to "talkies". The film was only a modest hit when first released. Donald O'Connor won the Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy, and Betty Comden and Adolph Green won the Writers Guild of America Award for their screenplay, Passage-1 Title: Singin' in the Rain Content: opened on July 2, 1985 at the Gershwin Theatre after 39 previews, and ran for 367 performances, closing on May 18, 1986. Informational notes Citations Further reading Singin' in the Rain Singin' in the Rain is a 1952 American musical-romantic comedy film directed and choreographed by Gene Kelly and Stanley Donen, starring Kelly, Donald O'Connor, and Debbie Reynolds. It offers a lighthearted depiction of Hollywood in the late 1920s, with the three stars portraying performers caught up in the transition from silent films to "talkies". The film was only a modest hit when first released. Donald O'Connor won the Golden Passage-2 Title: Singin' in the Rain Content: the original negative was destroyed in a fire. Despite this, the film was digitally restored for its DVD release. A Blu-ray Ultimate Collector's Edition was released in July 2012. Comic book adaptation Stage adaptation<br> The Broadway musical "Singin' in the Rain" was adapted from the motion picture, and the plot of the stage version closely adheres to the original. Directed and choreographed by post-modern choreographer Twyla Tharp, the opening night cast starred Don Correia as Don Lockwood, Mary D'Arcy as Kathy Selden, Richard Fancy as Roscoe Dexter, Faye Grant as Lina Lamont, and Peter Slutsker as Cosmo Brown. The musical Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who are the actors in singing in the rain

Douglas Fowley

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Rodney A. Grant Content: Rodney A. Grant Rodney Arnold Grant (born March 9, 1959) is an American actor. He is best known for his role as "Wind In His Hair" (Lakota: "Pȟehíŋ Otȟáte") in the 1990 film "Dances with Wolves". Grant, a Native American, was raised on the Omaha Reservation in Macy, Nebraska. After his biological parents abandoned him, his grandparents raised him from six months of age, until 1982. Besides "Dances with Wolves", he has also appeared in films such as "Ghosts of Mars", "Wild Wild West", "", "", "Wagons East!", "The Substitute", "War Party", and "Powwow Highway". He portrayed "Chingachgook" in the Passage-1 Title: Kevin Costner Content: Kevin Costner Kevin Michael Costner (born January 18, 1955) is an American actor, director, producer, and musician. His accolades include two Academy Awards, three Golden Globe Awards, two Screen Actors Guild Awards, and one Emmy Award. Costner has played Eliot Ness in "The Untouchables", Crash Davis in "Bull Durham", Ray Kinsella in "Field of Dreams", Lt. John J. Dunbar in "Dances with Wolves", for which he won Academy Awards for Best Director and Best Picture, Jim Garrison in "JFK", Robin Hood in "", Frank Farmer in "The Bodyguard", Roy McAvoy in "Tin Cup", Jonathan Kent in the DC Extended Universe, Passage-2 Title: Dances with Wolves Content: he recovered during Dunbar's liberation, and Wind In His Hair shouts to Dunbar, reminding him that he is Dunbar's friend, a contrast to their original meeting where he shouted at Dunbar in hostility. U.S. troops are seen searching the mountains, but are unable to locate them, while a lone wolf howls in the distance. An epilogue states that thirteen years later the last remnants of the free Sioux were subjugated to the American government, ending the conquest of the Western Frontier states and the livelihoods of the tribes in the plains. Originally written as a spec script by Michael Blake, Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who played wind in his hair on dances with wolves

Rodney Arnold Grant

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Directive Principles Content: Directive Principles The Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP) are the guidelines or principles given to the federal institutes governing the state of India, to be kept in citation while framing laws and policies. These provisions, contained in (Article 36-51) of the Constitution of India, are not enforceable by any court, but the principles laid down therein are considered irrefutable in the governance of the country, making it the duty of the State to apply these principles in making laws to establish a just society in the country. The principles have been inspired by the Directive Principles given in the Passage-1 Title: Directive Principles Content: Constitution of Ireland relate to social justice, economic welfare, foreign policy, and legal and administrative matters. Directive Principles are classified under the following categories economic and socialistic, political and administrative, justice and legal, environmental, protection of monuments and peace and security. The concept of Directive Principles of State Policy was borrowed from the Irish Constitution. The makers of the Constitution of India were influenced by the Irish nationalist movement, particularly the Irish Home Rule Movement. Hence, the Directive Principles of the Indian constitution have been greatly influenced by the Directive Principles of Social Policy. The idea of such policies "can Passage-2 Title: Directive Principles Content: Notably, Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar became the chairperson of the drafting committee, while Jawaharlal Nehru and Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel became chairperson of committees and sub-committees responsible for different subjects. A notable development during that period having significant effect on the Indian constitution took place on 10 December 1948 when the United Nations General Assembly adopted the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and called upon all member States to adopt these rights in their respective constitutions. Both the Fundamental Rights and the Directive Principles of State Policy were included in the I Draft Constitution (February 1948), the II Draft Constitution (17 October Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: our constitution makers derived the directive principles of state policy from the constitution of

Ireland

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Child Marriage Restraint Act Content: Child Marriage Restraint Act Child Marriage Restraint Act 1929" passed on 28 September 1929 in the British India Legislature of India, fixed the age of marriage for girls at 14 years and boys at 18 years which was later amended to 18 for girls and 21 for boys. It is popularly known as the Sharda Act"', after its sponsor Harbilas Sarda. It came into effect six months later on 1 April 1930 and it applies to all of British India, not just to Hindus. It was a result of social reform movement in India. Despite strong opposition from the British Passage-1 Title: Child marriage in India Content: India (14.1%), while Tamilnadu is the only state where child marriage rates have increased in recent years. Rural rates of child marriages were three times higher than urban India rates in 2009. Child marriage was outlawed in 1929, under Indian law. However, in the British colonial times, the legal minimum age of marriage was set at 15 for girls and 18 for boys. Under protests from Muslim organizations in the undivided British India, a personal law Shariat Act was passed in 1937 that allowed child marriages with consent from girl's guardian. After independence and adoption of Indian constitution in 1950, Passage-2 Title: Child marriage Content: 21 or a female younger than 18 for Hindus, Buddhists, Christians and most people of India. However, this law did not and currently does not apply to India's 165 million Muslim population, and only applies to India's Hindu, Christian, Jain, Sikh and other religious minorities. This link of law and religion was formalized by the British colonial rule with the Muslim personal laws codified in the Indian Muslim Personal Law (Shariat) Application Act of 1937. The age at which India's Muslim girls can legally marry, according to this Muslim Personal Law, is 9, and can be lower if her guardian Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: legal age for marriage for girl in india

18

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Bow Wow Wow Content: Wow performed at the KROQ Inland Invasion festival in September 2003, with a lineup including Los Angeles guitarist Phil Gough (of Novacaine) and drummer Adrian Young (of No Doubt). In September 2005, Philadelphia native Devin Beaman was brought in as the new drummer. Bow Wow Wow songs "Aphrodisiac", "I Want Candy" and "Fools Rush In" (the latter two remixed by Kevin Shields of My Bloody Valentine) were included on the soundtrack of the 2006 Sofia Coppola film "Marie Antoinette". The band performed on 2 November 2006 at the Maritime Hotel's Hiro Lounge in New York City to promote the film. Passage-1 Title: Annabella Lwin Content: 2016, she released a new EP, entitled "Willow Tree", on which she wrote all four tracks. Later in the year, she contributed a cover of "Cheer Up" to "One Heart: A Tribute to Bob Marley & the Wailers", a benefit for teens and young adults with cancer or who are living in difficult circumstances. Bow Wow Wow songs "Aphrodisiac", "I Want Candy" and "Fools Rush In" (the latter two remixed by Kevin Shields of My Bloody Valentine) were included on the soundtrack of the 2006 Sofia Coppola film "Marie Antoinette". Annabella was also the inspiration for how Coppola had lead Passage-2 Title: Fools Rush In (Where Angels Fear to Tread) Content: Fools Rush In (Where Angels Fear to Tread) "Fools Rush In" (1940) is a popular song. The lyrics were written by Johnny Mercer with music by Rube Bloom. The major hits at the time of introduction were Tony Martin, Glenn Miller with Ray Eberle and Tommy Dorsey with Frank Sinatra. It was also recorded by Billy Eckstine. The song proved popular with 1960s pop and rhythm and blues artists, resulting in charted remakes in 1960 (Brook Benton), 1962 (Etta James), and 1963 (Ricky Nelson). The Ricky Nelson version was an enormous hit, reaching #12 in the Billboard pop charts and Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who sings fools rush in in marie antoinette

Bow Wow Wow

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Ozone layer Content: of April and May and lowest in October. While the total amount of ozone increases moving from the tropics to higher latitudes, the concentrations are greater in high northern latitudes than in high southern latitudes, due to the ozone hole phenomenon. The highest amounts of ozone are found over the Arctic during the spring months of March and April, but the Antarctic has their lowest amounts of ozone during their summer months of September and October, The ozone layer can be depleted by free radical catalysts, including nitric oxide (NO), nitrous oxide (NO), hydroxyl (OH), atomic chlorine (Cl), and atomic Passage-1 Title: Ozone depletion Content: Ozone depletion Ozone depletion describes two related events observed since the late 1970s: a steady lowering of about four percent in the total amount of ozone in Earth's atmosphere (the ozone layer), and a much larger springtime decrease in stratospheric ozone around Earth's polar regions. The latter phenomenon is referred to as the ozone hole. There are also springtime polar tropospheric ozone depletion events in addition to these stratospheric events. The main cause of ozone depletion and the ozone hole is manufactured chemicals, especially manufactured halocarbon refrigerants, solvents, propellants and foam-blowing agents (chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), HCFCs, halons), referred to as ozone-depleting Passage-2 Title: Antarctica Content: Earth. Antarctic ice serves as both the shield and the detection medium for the largest neutrino telescope in the world, built below Amundsen–Scott station. Since the 1970s an important focus of study has been the ozone layer in the atmosphere above Antarctica. In 1985, three British scientists working on data they had gathered at Halley Station on the Brunt Ice Shelf discovered the existence of a hole in this layer. It was eventually determined that the destruction of the ozone was caused by chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) emitted by human products. With the ban of CFCs in the Montreal Protocol of 1989, Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: ozone layer depletion in antartica is due to which compound

organohalogens

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: History of mobile phones Content: of the iconic early commercial cell phones such as the Motorola DynaTAC Analog AMPS were eventually superseded by Digital AMPS (D-AMPS) in 1990, and AMPS service was shut down by most North American carriers by 2008. In February 1986 Australia launched its Cellular Telephone System by Telecom Australia. Peter Reedman was the first Telecom Customer to be connected on 6 January 1986 along with five other subscribers as test customers prior to the official launch date of 28 February. In the 1990s, the 'second generation' mobile phone systems emerged. Two systems competed for supremacy in the global market: the European Passage-1 Title: History of mobile phones Content: retroactively when referring to the earlier systems. First automatic analog cellular systems deployed were NTT's system first used in Tokyo in 1979, later spreading to the whole of Japan, and NMT in the Nordic countries in 1981. The first analog cellular system widely deployed in North America was the Advanced Mobile Phone System (AMPS). It was commercially introduced in the Americas in 13 October 1983, Israel in 1986, and Australia in 1987. AMPS was a pioneering technology that helped drive mass market usage of cellular technology, but it had several serious issues by modern standards. It was unencrypted and easily Passage-2 Title: History of mobile phones Content: vulnerable to eavesdropping via a scanner; it was susceptible to cell phone "cloning" and it used a Frequency-division multiple access (FDMA) scheme and required significant amounts of wireless spectrum to support. On 6 March 1983, the DynaTAC 8000X mobile phone launched on the first US 1G network by Ameritech. It cost $100M to develop, and took over a decade to reach the market. The phone had a talk time of just thirty-five minutes and took ten hours to charge. Consumer demand was strong despite the battery life, weight, and low talk time, and waiting lists were in the thousands. Many Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: when were cell phones first released to the public

1983

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Atmosphere Content: atmospheres were then modified over time by various complex factors, resulting in quite different outcomes. The atmospheres of the planets Venus and Mars are primarily composed of carbon dioxide, with small quantities of nitrogen, argon, oxygen and traces of other gases. The composition of Earth's atmosphere is largely governed by the by-products of the life that it sustains. Dry air from Earth's atmosphere contains 78.08% nitrogen, 20.95% oxygen, 0.93% argon, 0.04% carbon dioxide, and traces of hydrogen, helium, and other "noble" gases (by volume), but generally a variable amount of water vapor is also present, on average about 1% at Passage-1 Title: Atmosphere of Earth Content: Atmosphere of Earth The atmosphere of Earth is the layer of gases, commonly known as air, that surrounds the planet Earth and is retained by Earth's gravity. The atmosphere of Earth protects life on Earth by creating pressure allowing for liquid water to exist on the Earth's surface, absorbing ultraviolet solar radiation, warming the surface through heat retention (greenhouse effect), and reducing temperature extremes between day and night (the diurnal temperature variation). By volume, dry air contains 78.09% nitrogen, 20.95% oxygen, 0.93% argon, 0.04% carbon dioxide, and small amounts of other gases. Air also contains a variable amount of water Passage-2 Title: Atmosphere of Earth Content: from the Deep Space Climate Observatory (DSCOVR) and show Earth as it rotates during a day. Atmosphere of Earth The atmosphere of Earth is the layer of gases, commonly known as air, that surrounds the planet Earth and is retained by Earth's gravity. The atmosphere of Earth protects life on Earth by creating pressure allowing for liquid water to exist on the Earth's surface, absorbing ultraviolet solar radiation, warming the surface through heat retention (greenhouse effect), and reducing temperature extremes between day and night (the diurnal temperature variation). By volume, dry air contains 78.09% nitrogen, 20.95% oxygen, 0.93% argon, 0.04% Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: what is the makeup of earth's atmosphere

78.09% nitrogen

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Gaslit Content: Lily questions her whereabouts as well and everyone realizes that Serena has been missing since Chuck's party. Meanwhile, a drugged and distressed Serena wakes up in a motel filled with pills and liquor bottles and calls 911 for help. Outside of Nate's apartment, Nate tells Dan (Penn Badgley) about his parents' divorce and their conversation is interrupted by Rufus (Matthew Settle) calling Dan about Serena, who has been hospitalized because of a potentially fatal overdose. Back in Hudson, Jenny receives news from Rufus about Serena's overdose and consequently drives Jenny's guilt, not realizing that Juliet had gone too far in Passage-1 Title: Gaslit Content: Gaslit "Gaslit" is the 75th episode of the CW television series, "Gossip Girl", as well as the tenth episode of the show's fourth season. The episode was written by Robert Hull and Joshua Safran and directed by Tate Donovan. It aired on Monday, November 29, 2010 on the CW. "Gaslit" is the fourth Thanksgiving-themed episode of Gossip Girl and has received positive reviews from critics. The episode deals with the gaslighting of Serena van der Woodsen (Blake Lively) as she copes with her supposed return to drug and alcohol abuse, the continued reluctance of Blair Waldorf (Leighton Meester) to resume Passage-2 Title: Gaslit Content: time for his father's parole approval while at the Empire Hotel, Chuck receives Blair's father's pumpkin pie as a sign of goodwill from Blair. Vanessa, in contrast, receives a text from Jenny that she confessed everything to Blair. Fearing Blair's wrath, Vanessa calls her mother and leaves town. Meanwhile, Serena and her family happily spend Thanksgiving at the Ostroff Center. As Dan looks out onto the city, Blair visits the Humphrey loft and reveals to Dan that Juliet is responsible for Serena's overdose and that she plans to hunt her down. "Gaslit" showcased a majority of designer clothes but is Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: when does everyone find out serena was drugged

Gaslit

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Final four Content: South, Midwest, or West regions of the tournament. (Other region names have been used, such as "Mideast" replacing South, or "Southeast" and "Southwest" replacing South and Midwest.) The teams travel from the four separate sites of their regional rounds to a common venue for the Final Four. In the men's basketball tournament, a team must win either four or five consecutive rounds (games) to qualify for the Final Four. The four teams are matched against each other on the last Saturday of the tournament. The two winners emerge to play in the national championship game two nights later, traditionally on Passage-1 Title: NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament Content: Four" round. The Final Four is usually played during the first weekend of April. These four teams, one from each region (East, South, Midwest, and West), compete in a preselected location for the national championship. The tournament has been at least partially televised since 1969. Currently, the games are broadcast by CBS, TBS, TNT, and truTV under the trade-name "NCAA March Madness". Since 2011, all games are available for viewing nationwide and internationally. As television coverage has grown, so too has the tournament's popularity. Currently, millions of Americans fill out a bracket, attempting to correctly predict the outcome of 63 Passage-2 Title: 2018 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament Content: city of San Antonio are hosting the Final Four. This is the first tournament since 1994 in which no games were played in an NFL stadium, as the Alamodome is a college football stadium, although the Alamodome hosted some home games for the New Orleans Saints during their 2005 season. The 2018 tournament featured three new arenas in previous host cities. Philips Arena, the home of the Atlanta Hawks and replacement for the previously used Omni Coliseum, hosted the South regional games, and the new Little Caesars Arena, home of the Detroit Pistons and Detroit Red Wings, hosted games. And Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: where is the final four basketball game played

San Antonio

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Justin Bieber Content: Justin Bieber Justin Drew Bieber (; born March 1, 1994) is a Canadian singer-songwriter. After talent manager Scooter Braun discovered him through his YouTube videos covering songs in 2008 and he signed to RBMG, Bieber released his debut EP, "My World", in late 2009. It was certified platinum in the US. He became the first artist to have seven songs from a debut record chart on the "Billboard" Hot 100. Bieber released his first full-length studio album, "My World 2.0", in 2010. It debuted at number one in several countries, was certified triple platinum in the US, and contained his Passage-1 Title: Justin Bieber Content: broke attendance records set by its Anne Frank House exhibit in 2015. Justin Bieber Justin Drew Bieber (; born March 1, 1994) is a Canadian singer-songwriter. After talent manager Scooter Braun discovered him through his YouTube videos covering songs in 2008 and he signed to RBMG, Bieber released his debut EP, "My World", in late 2009. It was certified platinum in the US. He became the first artist to have seven songs from a debut record chart on the "Billboard" Hot 100. Bieber released his first full-length studio album, "My World 2.0", in 2010. It debuted at number one in Passage-2 Title: Justin Bieber discography Content: Canada and reached the top five in several other countries, including the United Kingdom and the United States. The EP also produced the follow-up single "One Less Lonely Girl", as well as the promotional singles "Favorite Girl" and "Love Me". Bieber's full-length debut studio album, "My World 2.0", was released in March 2010. The album was a commercial success, topping the charts in countries such as Australia, Canada and the United States. "My World 2.0" received multi-platinum certifications from Music Canada (MC) and the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). The album was preceded by the release of its lead Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: when did justin bieber release his first album

2010

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Allentown, Pennsylvania Content: Allentown, Pennsylvania Allentown (Pennsylvania Dutch: "Allenschteddel") is a city located in Lehigh County, Pennsylvania, United States. It is Pennsylvania's third most populous city and the 231st largest city in the United States. As of the 2010 census, the city had a total population of 118,032 and is currently the fastest growing city in all of Pennsylvania. It is the largest city in the metropolitan area known as the Lehigh Valley, which had a population of 821,623 residents . Allentown constitutes a portion of the New York City Combined Statistical Area and is the county seat of Lehigh County. In 2012, Passage-1 Title: Pennsylvania Content: of the 50 states. Pennsylvania's two most populous cities are Philadelphia (1,567,872), and Pittsburgh (303,625). The state capital and its 10th largest city is Harrisburg. Pennsylvania has of waterfront along Lake Erie and the Delaware Estuary. The state is one of the 13 original founding states of the United States; it came into being in 1681 as a result of a royal land grant to William Penn, the son of the state's namesake. Part of Pennsylvania (along the Delaware River), together with the present State of Delaware, had earlier been organized as the Colony of New Sweden. It was the Passage-2 Title: Allentown, Pennsylvania Content: early 1980s. "Hiding The Bell", a 1968 historical fiction novel by Ruth Nulton Moore, chronicles the events surrounding the hiding of the Liberty Bell in Allentown in 1777. Allentown, Pennsylvania Allentown (Pennsylvania Dutch: "Allenschteddel") is a city located in Lehigh County, Pennsylvania, United States. It is Pennsylvania's third most populous city and the 231st largest city in the United States. As of the 2010 census, the city had a total population of 118,032 and is currently the fastest growing city in all of Pennsylvania. It is the largest city in the metropolitan area known as the Lehigh Valley, which had Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: what is the most populated city in pennsylvania

Philadelphia

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Wladimir Klitschko Content: of 2017. On 2 November, the WBA finally agreed to sanction a fight for their super title as long as Joshua defeats Eric Molina in December 2016. On 10 December, immediately after Joshua had defeated Molina in Manchester Arena, Klitschko was invited into the ring by Hearn. It was announced that Klitschko and Joshua would face each other for the IBF and WBA Super titles at Wembley Stadium, London, on 29 April 2017. WBA president Gilberto Jesus Mendoza confirmed that the winner will have to face mandatory challenger Luis Ortiz next, with deadlines due to be set after the unification Passage-1 Title: Anthony Joshua Content: Joshua. There was some controversy as Molina had fought twice after in 2017. On 2 November 2016, the WBA agreed to sanction a unification bout between Joshua and Klitschko for the vacant WBA 'super' title, previously held by Tyson Fury. The WBA agreement was, if Joshua retained his belt against Eric Molina the fight would take place on 29 April 2017 at Wembley Stadium in London. After Joshua knocked out Molina in the third round, the Joshua vs. Klitschko fight was officially announced by Hearn in the ring. WBA president Gilberto J. Mendoza confirmed that the winner will have to Passage-2 Title: Anthony Joshua vs. Wladimir Klitschko Content: Klitschko and Joshua would face each other for the IBF and WBA (Super) titles at Wembley Stadium, London, on 29 April 2017. WBA president Gilberto J. Mendoza confirmed that the winner would have to face mandatory challenger Luis Ortiz next, with deadlines due to be set after the unification fight. It was then confirmed that the winner between Joshua and Klitschko had to face Kubrat Pulev next as the IBF's mandatory challenger. In January 2017, Eddie Hearn announced that more than 80,000 tickets had been sold, a new box office record, overtaking Carl Froch vs. George Groves II. He put Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who won the boxing between joshua and klitschko

Joshua

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: True North (Once Upon a Time) Content: Karley Scott Collins as Ava/Gretel, Nicholas Lea as Michael Tillman/Woodcutter, Gabe Khouth as Mr. Clark/Sneezy, and David Bloom as Mr. "K" Krzyszkowski. Lord and Collins had previously guest starred in two "Fringe" episodes, as younger versions of Peter Bishop and Olivia Dunham. Collins appeared in "Subject 13" alongside another actor who played Peter. Besides the main storyline being a retelling of the Hansel and Gretel fairytale, the episode contained a number of other cultural references. A rack full of Marvel Comics, including "Ultimate Wolverine vs. Hulk", are shown in the opening scene, a double reference to both Marvel's parent company, Passage-1 Title: Linda Dano Content: nominated for Leading Actress Emmys in 1994 and 1996, and for Supporting Actress in 1992. On June 28, 1999, Dano returned to "One Life to Live" as Gretel, now calling herself "Rae" Cummings. The character also appeared on the three other ABC soap operas at the time — "All My Children", "General Hospital", and "Port Charles" — in a crossover storyline which was the first time a daytime character had ever appeared on four series. In 2003 Dano was nominated for a Daytime Emmy for Supporting Actress for the role, and left "One Life to Live" on March 13, 2004. Passage-2 Title: Lee Arenberg Content: of the Caribbean" trilogy. He guest starred as "Hair Plugs" in "Grounded For Life" (2001). A graduate of Santa Monica High in 1980, he starred as the regular character "Grumpy/Leroy" on the hit ABC television series "Once Upon a Time". As he confirmed when speaking at the Farpoint Star Trek Convention in Timonium, Maryland, Arenberg's character Pintel did not return in the . ! Year !! Series !! Role !! Notes Lee Arenberg Lee Arenberg (born July 18, 1962) is an American actor, best known for his role as Pintel, one of Captain Barbossa's crew, in the "Pirates of the Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who played gretel on once upon a time

Sara Canning

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: In the Heights Content: roles. The creative team included set design by Anna Louizos, costume design by Paul Tazewell, lighting design by Howell Binkley, sound design by Acme Sound Partners, arrangements and orchestrations by Alex Lacamoire and Bill Sherman, and music coordination by Michael Keller. The producers announced on January 8, 2009, that the show had recouped its $10 million investment after 10 months. The cast recording was released on June 3, 2008 by Ghostlight Records and won the Grammy Award for Best Musical Show Album, beating the recordings of "The Little Mermaid", "Young Frankenstein", and the revivals of "Gypsy" and "South Pacific". The Passage-1 Title: Lin-Manuel Miranda Content: Lin-Manuel Miranda Lin-Manuel Miranda (; born January 16, 1980) is an American composer, lyricist, playwright, rapper, and actor best known for creating and starring in the Broadway musicals "In the Heights" and "Hamilton". He co-wrote the songs for Walt Disney Animation Studios' "Moana" soundtrack (2016) and co-starred in the film "Mary Poppins Returns". Miranda's awards include a Pulitzer Prize, three Grammy Awards, an Emmy Award, a MacArthur Fellowship, three Tony Awards and a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. Miranda was awarded the Kennedy Center Honor in 2018. Miranda wrote the music and lyrics for the musical "In the Passage-2 Title: In the Heights Content: set a release date of June 26, 2020. In October 2018, Anthony Ramos was reported to be in talks to be cast in the film. In the Heights In the Heights is a musical with music and lyrics by Lin-Manuel Miranda and book by Quiara Alegría Hudes. The story is set over the course of three days, involving characters in the largely Hispanic-American neighborhood of Washington Heights in New York City. After a 2005 tryout in Waterford, Connecticut and a 2007 Off-Broadway run, the show opened on Broadway in March 2008. It was nominated for thirteen Tony Awards and won Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who wrote the music for in the heights

Lin-Manuel Miranda

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: William Snow Harris Content: William Snow Harris Sir William Snow Harris (1 April 1791 – 22 January 1867) was a British physician and electrical researcher, nicknamed Thunder-and-Lightning Harris, and noted for his invention of a successful system of lightning conductors for ships. It took many years of campaigning, research and successful testing before the British Royal Navy changed to Harris's conductors from their previous less effective system. One of the successful test vessels was which survived lightning strikes unharmed on her famous voyage with Charles Darwin. Harris was born in Plymouth on 1 April 1791. His family was well established as solicitors in the Passage-1 Title: Lightning rod Content: the United States, the pointed lightning rod conductor, also called a lightning attractor or Franklin rod, was invented by Benjamin Franklin in 1749 as part of his groundbreaking exploration of electricity. Although not the first to suggest a correlation between electricity and lightning, Franklin was the first to propose a workable system for testing his hypothesis. Franklin speculated that, with an iron rod sharpened to a point, Franklin speculated about lightning rods for several years before his reported kite experiment. This experiment, it is said, took place because he was tired of waiting for Christ Church in Philadelphia to be Passage-2 Title: William Snow Harris Content: crowned his exertions". William Snow Harris Sir William Snow Harris (1 April 1791 – 22 January 1867) was a British physician and electrical researcher, nicknamed Thunder-and-Lightning Harris, and noted for his invention of a successful system of lightning conductors for ships. It took many years of campaigning, research and successful testing before the British Royal Navy changed to Harris's conductors from their previous less effective system. One of the successful test vessels was which survived lightning strikes unharmed on her famous voyage with Charles Darwin. Harris was born in Plymouth on 1 April 1791. His family was well established as Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who is credited with inventing the lightening conductor

Benjamin Franklin

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Parathyroid gland Content: Parathyroid gland Parathyroid glands are small endocrine glands in the neck of humans and other tetrapods that produce parathyroid hormone. Humans usually have four parathyroid glands, variably located on the back of the thyroid gland. Parathyroid hormone and calcitonin (one of the hormones made by the thyroid gland) have key roles in regulating the amount of calcium in the blood and within the bones. Parathyroid glands share a similar blood supply, venous drainage, and lymphatic drainage to the thyroid glands. Parathyroid glands are derived from the epithelial lining of the third and fourth pharyngeal pouches, with the superior glands arising Passage-1 Title: Parathyroid gland Content: thyroid vein drains into the brachiocephalic vein. Lymphatic vessels from the parathyroid glands drain into deep cervical lymph nodes and paratracheal lymph nodes. The parathyroid glands are variable in number: three or more small glands, and can usually be located on the posterior surface of the thyroid gland. Occasionally, some individuals may have six, eight, or even more parathyroid glands. Rarely, the parathyroid glands may be within the thyroid gland itself, the chest, or even the thymus. The parathyroid glands are named for their proximity to the thyroid — and serve a completely different role than the thyroid gland. The Passage-2 Title: Parathyroid gland Content: to 4 mm wide, and 1 to 2 mm anteroposteriorly. There are typically four parathyroid glands. The two parathyroid glands on each side which are positioned higher are called the superior parathyroid glands, while the lower two are called the inferior parathyroid glands. Healthy parathyroid glands generally weigh about 30 mg in men and 35 mg in women. These glands are not visible or able to be felt during examination of the neck. Each parathyroid vein drains into the superior, middle and inferior thyroid veins. The superior and middle thyroid veins drain into the internal jugular vein, and the inferior Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: where is the parathyroid located in the human body

the neck

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: 187 Ride or Die Content: 187 Ride or Die 187 Ride or Die is a video game for the PlayStation 2 and Xbox, developed and published by Ubisoft. In order to become "top dog" of the game, the player must race and defeat opponents through a variety of different stages all set in Los Angeles's infamous South Central region. The game's title comes from two phrases common in the subculture. 187 is the California Penal Code section that defines murder. It has come into general use among gangs in the United States as a synonym for murder, and this usage has passed into popular culture Passage-1 Title: Ride-or-die chick Content: Many of these songs are duets between male and female artists and contain both of these perspectives within the same song. The song to popularize the "Ride or Die" outlook on life was "Ride or Die" by Baby Gangta featuring Lil Wayne and Juvenile. The song, released in 1997, was on Baby Gangsta's third studio album, It's All on U, Vol. 2. It was produced by Mannie Fresh. Jay-Z and the Ruff Ryders advanced the term into the mainstream, in 1998 and 1999, respectively, with the songs, "Ride or Die," on the Vol. 2...Hard Knock Life album and "Ryde or Passage-2 Title: 187 Ride or Die Content: review aggregation website Metacritic. 187 Ride or Die 187 Ride or Die is a video game for the PlayStation 2 and Xbox, developed and published by Ubisoft. In order to become "top dog" of the game, the player must race and defeat opponents through a variety of different stages all set in Los Angeles's infamous South Central region. The game's title comes from two phrases common in the subculture. 187 is the California Penal Code section that defines murder. It has come into general use among gangs in the United States as a synonym for murder, and this usage has Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: where does the phrase ride or die come from

Bonnie and Clyde dynamic

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Rarotonga Content: is a very popular tourist destination with many resorts, hotels and motels. The chief town, Avarua, on the north coast, is the capital of the Cook Islands. The volcanic island of Rarotonga stands over 14,750 feet (4,500 meters) above the ocean floor. It is 32 km (20 miles) in circumference and has an area of 67.19 km (26 square miles). At a depth of 4,000 m (13,000 ft) the volcano is nearly 50 km (31 miles) in diameter. Te Manga, at 658 m (2,140 ft) above sea level, is the highest peak on the island. The island is surrounded by Passage-1 Title: Rakahanga Content: Rakahanga Rakahanga is part of the Cook Islands, situated in the central-southern Pacific Ocean. The unspoilt atoll is from the Cook Islands' capital, Rarotonga, and lies south of the equator. Its nearest neighbour is Manihiki which is just away. Rakahanga's population is 127, and its area is . There are four main islands and seven motus or islets in the Rakahanga lagoon. The northern island is divided into three: Tetukono in the north and northeast, Tetaha Kiraro in the west, and Paerangi in the southwest; while the southern island is Rakahanga. The motus are: on the east, Te Motu o Passage-2 Title: Rarotonga Content: Rarotonga Rarotonga is the most populous island of the Cook Islands, with a population of 10,572 (census 2011), out of the country's total resident population of 14,974. Captain John Dibbs, master of the colonial brig "Endeavour", is credited as the European discoverer on 25 July 1823, while transporting the missionary Rev. John Williams. The Cook Islands' Parliament buildings and international airport are on Rarotonga. Because it is the most populous island, Cook Islanders may often be referred to as Rarotongan, but they may come from one of the other 14 islands in the group, such as Aitutaki or Mangaia. Rarotonga Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: where is rarotonga located on the world map

Central-Southern Pacific Ocean

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Statute in Restraint of Appeals Content: Statute in Restraint of Appeals The Ecclesiastical Appeals Act 1532 (24 Hen 8 c 12), also called the Statute in Restraint of Appeals , the Act of Appeals and The Act of Restraints in Appeals, was an Act of the Parliament of England. It was passed in the first week of April 1533. It is considered by many historians to be the key legal foundation of the English Reformation. The Act, drafted by Thomas Cromwell on behalf of King Henry VIII of England, forbade all appeals to the Pope in Rome on religious or other matters, making the King the Passage-1 Title: History of the Constitution of the United Kingdom Content: and liberties of Protestants. This was enacted by the Parliament of England as the Bill of Rights 1689, which limited royal power and reaffirmed certain civil rights, building on the Petition of Right 1628 and the Habeas Corpus Act 1679. The Parliament of Scotland approved it as the Claim of Right. Both the Bill of Rights and the Claim of Right contributed a great deal to the establishment of the concept of parliamentary sovereignty and the curtailment of the powers of the monarch. Leading, ultimately, to the establishment of constitutional monarchy. They furthered the protection of the rule of law, Passage-2 Title: Statute of Praemunire Content: Statute of Praemunire The Statute of Praemunire (16 Ric 2 c 5) was an Act of the Parliament of England enacted in 1392, during the reign of Richard II. Its intention was to limit the powers of the papacy in England, by making it illegal to appeal an English court case to the pope if the king objected, or for anyone to act in a way that recognized papal authority over the authority of the king. This was later reaffirmed by the Act in Restraint of Appeals in the reign of Henry VIII and was used to remove Thomas Wolsey Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: what document was created to limit the kings power in england

Magna Carta

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Healthcare in China Content: provided with free healthcare, and must either pay for treatment or purchase health insurance. The quality of hospitals varies. The best medical care in China is available in foreign-run or joint venture Western-style medical facilities with international staff available in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, and a few other large cities. They are highly expensive; treatment there can often cost up to ten times more than a public hospital. Public hospitals and clinics are available in all Chinese cities. Their quality varies by location; the best treatment can usually be found in public city-level hospitals, followed by smaller district-level clinics. Many public Passage-1 Title: Healthcare in China Content: Healthcare in China Healthcare in China consists of both public and private medical institutions and insurance programs. About 95% of the population has at least basic health insurance coverage. Despite this, public health insurance generally only covers about half of medical costs, with the proportion lower for serious or chronic illnesses. Under the "Healthy China 2020" initiative, China is currently undertaking an effort to cut healthcare costs, and the government requires that insurance will cover 70% of costs by the end of 2018. The Chinese government is working on providing affordable basic healthcare to all residents by 2020. China has Passage-2 Title: Healthcare reform in China Content: Healthcare reform in China The healthcare reform in China refers to the previous and ongoing healthcare system transition in modern China. China's government, specifically the National Health and Family Planning Commission (formerly the Ministry of Health), plays a leading role in these reforms. Reforms focus on establishing public medical insurance systems and enhancing public healthcare providers, the main component in China's healthcare system. In urban and rural areas, three government medical insurance system, Urban Residents Basic Medical Insurance, Urban Employee Basic Medical Insurance and New Rural Co-operative Medical Scheme cover almost everyone. Various public healthcare facilities, including county or city Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: what type of healthcare system does china have

both public and private

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Hand jive Content: Delaware Destroyers recorded a version of "Willie and the Hand Jive" and a music video. The hand jive is also featured prominently in the Broadway musical "Grease" (1971) through the song "Born to Hand Jive"; in the movie adaptation of the musical, the song is performed by Sha Na Na. On a DVD audio commentary for the movie, choreographer Patricia Birch mentions that the dance also went by the much more risque name "hand job", but the title was changed as Grease was aimed at a family audience. Jazz fusion guitarist John Scofield's 1993 album is called by [Hand Jive Passage-1 Title: Grease (musical) Content: Danny), Gail Edwards, Marilu Henner, Peter Gallagher, Ilene Graff, Judy Kaye, Patrick Swayze, John Travolta, Jerry Zaks, Rex Smith and Treat Williams. Richard Gere was an understudy for many roles in this production, including Danny Zuko, Teen Angel, and Vince Fontaine. The first exposure any "Grease"-related material had received in the United Kingdom was when The Wild Angels released a single containing three of the songs from the musical ("Greased Lightnin'," "Beauty School Dropout" and "Born to Hand Jive") in 1972. A full staging of "Grease" made its London debut at the New London Theatre in June 1973 with a Passage-2 Title: The Wild Angels (band) Content: special guest vocalist with Bill Haley & His Comets during their two 1979 European and UK tours. The group signed with Decca Records in 1972, releasing one album and several singles including "Love's Made A Fool of You" with Swedish singer, Jerry Williams. Jerry Williams died in 2017, as did Mal Gray. One of their Decca singles from 1972 included three songs "Beauty School Dropout", "Born to Hand Jive", and "Greased Lightnin'" from the musical Grease, which had not yet been staged in the UK. The Wild Angels later also joined the cast of the UK version of the stage Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who sings born to hand jive from grease

Sha-Na-Na

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: The Bahamas Content: 1% of the nation's population, but have still preserved their distinct Greek Bahamian culture. Bahamians typically identify themselves simply as either "black" or "white". The official language of the Bahamas is English. Many people speak an English-based creole language called "Bahamian dialect" (known simply as "dialect") or "Bahamianese." Laurente Gibbs, a Bahamian writer and actor, was the first to coin the latter name in a poem and has since promoted its usage. Both are used as autoglossonyms. Haitian Creole, a French-based creole language is spoken by Haitians and their descendants, who make up of about 25% of the total population. Passage-1 Title: History of the Bahamas Content: History of the Bahamas The earliest arrival of humans in the islands now known as The Bahamas was in the first millennium AD. The first inhabitants of the islands were the Lucayans, an Arawakan-speaking Taino people, who arrived between about 500 and 800 AD from other islands of the Caribbean. Their ancestors came from mainland South America, where Arawakan-language peoples were present in most territories, and especially along the northeastern coast. Recorded history began on 12 October 1492, when Christopher Columbus landed on the island of Guanahani, which he renamed San Salvador Island on his first voyage to the New Passage-2 Title: The Bahamas Content: the Caribbean, the 2017 FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup. According to 1995 estimates, 98.2% of the Bahamian adult population is literate. The Bahamas The Bahamas (), known officially as the Commonwealth of The Bahamas, is a country within the Lucayan Archipelago. The archipelagic state consists of more than 700 islands, cays, and islets in the Atlantic Ocean, and is located north of Cuba and Hispaniola (Haiti and the Dominican Republic), northwest of the Turks and Caicos Islands, southeast of the United States state of Florida, and east of the Florida Keys. The capital is Nassau on the island of New Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: what is the primary language in the bahamas

English

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Figure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Men's singles Content: Figure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Men's singles The men's single figure skating competition of the 2018 Winter Olympics was held on 16 and 17 February 2018 at the Gangneung Ice Arena in Gangneung, South Korea. The short program was held on 16 February and the free skating was held on 17 February. This medal event was the 1000th medal event in the history of the Winter Olympic Games. With his victory at the 2018 Winter Olympics, Yuzuru Hanyu became the first male figure skater to win two consecutive gold medals after Dick Button, who did so in Passage-1 Title: Gillis Grafström Content: Gillis Grafström Gillis Emanuel Grafström (7 June 1893 – 14 April 1938) was a Swedish figure skater. He was born in Stockholm, Sweden. He won three successive Olympic gold medals in Men's Figure Skating (1920, 1924, 1928) as well as an Olympic silver medal in the same event in 1932, and three World Championships (1922, 1924, 1929). He and Eddie Eagan are the only athletes to have won a gold medal at both the Summer and Winter Olympic Games. Grafström has the further distinction of being the only person to have won an individual gold medal in both the Summer Passage-2 Title: Shepherd Clark Content: were contested in 1908 at the Summer Olympic Games in London, the first time that figure skating had ever been included in the Olympics. Nikolai Panin of the Russian Empire won the Olympic gold medal that year, becoming the first Winter Olympic sport champion. In August 2015, and December 2016, Clark won the silver medal in men's figures at the World Figure Championship & Figure Festival in Lake Placid, New York. He proceeded to win the gold medal in both 2017 and 2018, setting a world record by winning a total of four World Figure & Fancy Skating medals (two Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who won the gold medal mens figure skating

Yuzuru Hanyu

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Destiny's Child Content: Destiny's Child Destiny's Child was an American girl group whose final and best-known line-up comprised Beyoncé Knowles, Kelly Rowland, and Michelle Williams. Formed in 1997 in Houston, Texas, Destiny's Child members began their musical career as Girl's Tyme, formed in 1990, comprising Knowles, Rowland, LaTavia Roberson, and LeToya Luckett among others. After years of limited success, the quartet were signed in 1997 to Columbia Records and Music World Entertainment as Destiny's Child. Destiny's Child was launched into mainstream recognition following the release of their best-selling second album, "The Writing's on the Wall" (1999), which contained the number-one singles "Bills, Bills, Passage-1 Title: Destiny's Child Content: Destiny's Child Destiny's Child was an American girl group whose final and best-known line-up comprised Beyoncé Knowles, Kelly Rowland, and Michelle Williams. Formed in 1997 in Houston, Texas, Destiny's Child members began their musical career as Girl's Tyme, formed in 1990, comprising Knowles, Rowland, LaTavia Roberson, and LeToya Luckett among others. After years of limited success, the quartet were signed in 1997 to Columbia Records and Music World Entertainment as Destiny's Child. Destiny's Child was launched into mainstream recognition following the release of their best-selling second album, "The Writing's on the Wall" (1999), which contained the number-one singles "Bills, Bills, Passage-2 Title: Beyoncé Content: Beyoncé Beyoncé Giselle Knowles-Carter (; born September 4, 1981) is an American singer, songwriter, actress, record producer, and dancer. Born and raised in Houston, Texas, Beyoncé performed in various singing and dancing competitions as a child. She rose to fame in the late 1990s as lead singer of the R&B girl-group Destiny's Child. Managed by her father, Mathew Knowles, the group became one of the best-selling girl groups in history. Their hiatus saw Beyoncé's theatrical film debut in "Austin Powers in Goldmember" (2002) and the release of her first solo album, "Dangerously in Love" (2003). The album established her as Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who was the lead singer of destiny's child

Beyoncé Knowles

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: In vitro recombination Content: fragments for cloning is achieved by means of PCR, but it may also be accomplished by restriction enzyme digestion and fractionation by gel electrophoresis. To prepare a cDNA library, the first step is to isolate the total mRNA from the cell type of interest. Then, the enzyme reverse transcriptase is used to generate cDNAs. Reverse transcriptase is a RNA-dependent DNA polymerase. It depends on the presence of a primer, usually a poly-dT oligonucleotide, to prime DNA synthesis. DNA polymerase can use these single–stranded primers to initiate second strand DNA synthesis on the mRNA templates. After the single-stranded DNA molecules are Passage-1 Title: Complementary DNA Content: Complementary DNA In genetics, complementary DNA (cDNA) is DNA synthesized from a single-stranded RNA (e.g., messenger RNA (mRNA) or microRNA) template in a reaction catalyzed by the enzyme reverse transcriptase. cDNA is often used to clone eukaryotic genes in prokaryotes. When scientists want to express a specific protein in a cell that does not normally express that protein (i.e., heterologous expression), they will transfer the cDNA that codes for the protein to the recipient cell. cDNA is also produced naturally by retroviruses (such as HIV-1, HIV-2, simian immunodeficiency virus, etc.) and then integrated into the host's genome, where it creates Passage-2 Title: Reverse transcriptase Content: Reverse transcriptase A reverse transcriptase (RT) is an enzyme used to generate complementary DNA (cDNA) from an RNA template, a process termed "reverse transcription". Reverse transcriptases are used by retroviruses to replicate their genomes, by retrotransposon mobile genetic elements to proliferate within the host genome, by eukaryotic cells to extend the telomeres at the ends of their linear chromosomes, and by some non-retroviruses such as the hepatitis B virus, a member of the Hepadnaviridae, which are dsDNA-RT viruses. Retroviral RT has three sequential biochemical activities: RNA-dependent DNA polymerase activity, ribonuclease H, and DNA-dependent DNA polymerase activity. Collectively, these activities enable Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: name the type of enzyme used to produce the cdna

reverse transcriptase

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Two Treatises of Government Content: Two Treatises of Government Two Treatises of Government (or Two Treatises of Government: In the Former, The False Principles, and Foundation of Sir Robert Filmer, and His Followers, Are Detected and Overthrown. The Latter Is an Essay Concerning The True Original, Extent, and End of Civil Government) is a work of political philosophy published anonymously in 1689 by John Locke. The "First Treatise" attacks patriarchalism in the form of sentence-by-sentence refutation of Robert Filmer's "Patriarcha", while the "Second Treatise" outlines Locke's ideas for a more civilized society based on natural rights and contract theory. This publication contrasts former political works Passage-1 Title: Two Treatises of Government Content: the "Two Treatises" that its purpose is to justify William III's ascension to the throne, though Peter Laslett suggests that the bulk of the writing was instead completed between 1679–1680 (and subsequently revised until Locke was driven into exile in 1683). According to Laslett, Locke was writing his "Two Treatises" during the Exclusion Crisis, which attempted to prevent James II from ever taking the throne in the first place. Anthony Ashley-Cooper, 1st Earl of Shaftesbury, Locke's mentor, patron and friend, introduced the bill, but it was ultimately unsuccessful. Richard Ashcraft, following in Laslett's suggestion that the "Two Treatises" were written Passage-2 Title: Two Treatises of Government Content: by Locke himself. In "Two Tracts on Government", written in 1660, Locke defends a very conservative position; however Locke never published it. In 1669 Locke co-authored the Fundamental Constitutions of Carolina, which endorses aristocracy, slavery and serfdom. King James II of England (VII of Scotland) was overthrown in 1688 by a union of Parliamentarians and the stadtholder of the Dutch Republic William III of Oranje-Nassau (William of Orange), who as a result ascended the English throne as William III of England. This is known as the Glorious Revolution, also called the Revolution of 1688. Locke claims in the "Preface" to Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who wrote the book two treatises of government

John Locke

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Anne with an E Content: used "Anne with an E". CBC adopted the "Anne with an E" name beginning in the second season. On August 3, 2017, both CBC and Netflix renewed the series for a 10-episode second season, which began production in November 2017. Season 2 premiered on Netflix on July 6, 2018, and on CBC on September 23, 2018. In August 2018, CBC and Netflix renewed the series for a 10-episode third season to premiere in 2019. In the late 19th century, brother and sister Matthew and Marilla Cuthbert, both in their old age, decide to take on an orphan boy to help Passage-1 Title: Anne with an E Content: old when we return to this season full of romantic complications, bold adventures and dramatic discoveries. I will explore important, contemporary themes that I hope will continue to resonate with, and inspire and uplift, our audience." The series initially premiered on March 19, 2017, on CBC and aired on a weekly basis, the season finale airing on April 30, 2017. The series debuted on Netflix on May 12, 2017, under the title "Anne With An E". The second and later seasons were retitled to match Netflix's title by the CBC which had initially used the title "Anne". The CBC premier Passage-2 Title: Anne with an E Content: for Season 2 was in late September, after it had been streaming on Netflix for some time. The first season has achieved a rating of 85% on Rotten Tomatoes based on 27 reviews for an average rating of 7.78/10 the site's critical consensus stating: ""Anne with an E" uses its complex central character to offer a boldly stylish, emotionally resonant spin on classic source material that satisfies in its own right." The series has received a rating of 79 on Metacritic based on fifteen reviews, indicating "generally favorable reviews". Emily Ashby, writing for Common Sense Media, calls the series an Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: when is anne with an e season two coming out

in 2018

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Jackson family Content: in the 1992 miniseries, "", a biopic about the Jackson family. On January 3, 2017, at the age of 50, Janet gave birth to Eissa Al Mana, the newest member of the Jackson family. Jackson family The Jackson family is an American family of musicians from Gary, Indiana. Performing as members of The Jackson 5 and as solo artists, the children of Joseph Walter and Katherine Esther Jackson were successful in the field of popular music from the late 1960s onwards. As a group, the eldest sons Jackie, Tito, Jermaine, Marlon, Michael, and later with the inclusion of Randy. The Passage-1 Title: Jackson family Content: Jackson family The Jackson family is an American family of musicians from Gary, Indiana. Performing as members of The Jackson 5 and as solo artists, the children of Joseph Walter and Katherine Esther Jackson were successful in the field of popular music from the late 1960s onwards. As a group, the eldest sons Jackie, Tito, Jermaine, Marlon, Michael, and later with the inclusion of Randy. The members who managed to be solo icons in music are Michael Jackson and Janet Jackson. The Jackson 5 became known as the "First Family of Soul" (a title first held by the Five Stairsteps). Passage-2 Title: Andrew Jackson Content: 1765, Jackson's parents probably landed in Philadelphia. Most likely they traveled overland through the Appalachian Mountains to the Scots-Irish community in the Waxhaws, straddling the border between North and South Carolina. They brought two children from Ireland, Hugh (born 1763) and Robert (born 1764). Jackson's father died in a logging accident while clearing land in February 1767 at the age of 29, three weeks before his son Andrew was born. Jackson, his mother, and his brothers lived with Jackson's aunt and uncle in the Waxhaws region, and Jackson received schooling from two nearby priests. Jackson's exact birthplace is unclear because Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who was born first in the jackson family

Jackie

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: TED (conference) Content: TED (conference) TED Conferences LLC (Technology, Entertainment, Design) is a media organization that posts talks online for free distribution under the slogan "ideas worth spreading." TED was conceived by Richard Saul Wurman in February 1984 as a conference which has been held annually since 1990. TED's early emphasis was on technology and design, consistent with its Silicon Valley origins, but it has since broadened its repertoire to include talks on many scientific, cultural, and academic topics. It is owned by Chris Anderson, a British American businessman, through the Sapling foundation. The main TED conference is held annually in Vancouver, British Passage-1 Title: TED (conference) Content: Temple Grandin, Gordon Brown, David Cameron, Billy Graham, Richard Dawkins, Bill Gates, Dolph Lundgren, Bono, Larry Page and Sergey Brin, and many Nobel Prize winners. TED's current curator is the British former computer journalist and magazine publisher Chris Anderson. Since June 2006, TED Talks have been offered for free viewing online, under an Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives Creative Commons license, through TED.com. , over 2,600 TED Talks are freely available on the website. In June 2011, TED Talks' combined viewing figure stood at more than 500 million, and by November 2012, TED Talks had been watched over one billion times worldwide. TED Talks Passage-2 Title: TED (conference) Content: Columbia, Canada at the Vancouver Convention Centre. Prior to 2014, the conference was held in Long Beach, California, United States. TED events are also held throughout North America and in Europe and Asia, offering live streaming of the talks. They address a wide range of topics within the research and practice of science and culture, often through storytelling. The speakers are given a maximum of 18 minutes to present their ideas in the most innovative and engaging ways they can. Past speakers include Bill Clinton, Sean M. Carroll, Elon Musk, Ray Dalio, Cédric Villani, Stephen Hawking, Jane Goodall, Al Gore, Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: what does ted in ted talks stand for

Technology, Entertainment, Design

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Tammany Hall Content: Tammany Hall Tammany Hall, also known as the Society of St. Tammany, the Sons of St. Tammany, or the Columbian Order, was a New York City political organization founded in 1786 and incorporated on May 12, 1789, as the Tammany Society. It was the Democratic Party political machine that played a major role in controlling New York City and New York State politics and helping immigrants, most notably the Irish, rise up in American politics from the 1790s to the 1960s. It typically controlled Democratic Party nominations and political patronage in Manhattan from the mayoral victory of Fernando Wood in Passage-1 Title: Tammany Hall Content: In 2015, a scaled-back version of the glass dome was approved by the commission. Notes Bibliography Primary sources Further reading Tammany Hall Tammany Hall, also known as the Society of St. Tammany, the Sons of St. Tammany, or the Columbian Order, was a New York City political organization founded in 1786 and incorporated on May 12, 1789, as the Tammany Society. It was the Democratic Party political machine that played a major role in controlling New York City and New York State politics and helping immigrants, most notably the Irish, rise up in American politics from the 1790s to the Passage-2 Title: Political machine Content: This system of political control—known as "bossism"—emerged particularly in the Gilded Age. A single powerful figure (the boss) was at the center and was bound together to a complex organization of lesser figures (the political machine) by reciprocity in promoting financial and social self-interest. One of the most infamous of these political machines was Tammany Hall, the Democratic Party machine that played a major role in controlling New York City and New York politics and helping immigrants, most notably the Irish, rise up in American politics from the 1790s to the 1960s. From 1872, Tammany had an Irish "boss". However, Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: which group supported political machines like tammany hall

Democratic Party

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Celebs Go Dating (series 3) Content: Celebs Go Dating (series 3) The third series of the British reality dating programme "Celebs Go Dating" began airing from 4 September 2017 on E4 and finished on 29 September 2017. It was commissioned along with series 2 in late 2016. The show sees celebrities go on number of dates with members of the public to see if they can find love. The third series again stars Eden Blackman and Nadia Essex as the dating experts, and Tom Read Wilson as the agency's receptionist. An episode that was due to be aired on 15 September 2017 did not air, seemingly Passage-1 Title: Celebs Go Dating (series 3) Content: months. Nadia Essex and Eden Blackman returned as the dating experts, along with receptionist Tom Read Wilson. Psychologist Dr. Pam Spurr helped the celebrities get in touch with their feelings and analyse their body language. The series features same-sex relationships for the first time, as well as blind and silent dating. "Celebs Go Dating" began airing from 4 September 2017 for four weeks. "The Only Way Is Essex" cast member Bobby Norris was confirmed to be appearing in the series in May 2017. He previously made a brief appearance at the end of the second series. Norris became the first Passage-2 Title: Celebs Go Dating (series 3) Content: pulled from broadcast moments before its scheduled starting time. The show's social media accounts even posted the trailer for the evening's episode hours before airing. An E4 spokesman cited "editorial reasons" and said the show would return on 18 September. Scenes from the pulled episode were broadcast on 18 September. The series was also cut down from 20 episodes to 19 episodes. On 27 September 2017, Blackman confirmed that the show had been renewed for a fourth series, set to air in 2018. A third series was announced alongside the second series in November 2016. It was filmed over three Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: when does celebs go dating series 3 start

4 September 2017

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Pulse Content: Pulse In medicine, a pulse represents the tactile arterial palpation of the heartbeat by trained fingertips. The pulse may be palpated in any place that allows an artery to be compressed near the surface of the body, such as at the neck (carotid artery), wrist (radial artery), at the groin (femoral artery), behind the knee (popliteal artery), near the ankle joint (posterior tibial artery), and on foot (dorsalis pedis artery). Pulse (or the count of arterial pulse per minute) is equivalent to measuring the heart rate. The heart rate can also be measured by listening to the heart beat by Passage-1 Title: Pulse diagnosis Content: dosha. The middle finger and ring finger are placed next to the index finger and represents consequently the Pitta and Kapha doshas of the patient. Pulse can be measured in the superficial, middle, and deep levels thus obtaining more information regarding energy imbalance of the patient. The main sites for pulse assessment are the radial arteries in the left and right wrists, where it overlays the styloid process of the radius, between the wrist crease and extending proximal, approximately 5 cm in length (or 1.9 cun, where the forearm is 12 cun). In traditional Chinese medicine, the pulse is divided Passage-2 Title: Vital signs Content: the arteries, recorded as beats per minute (bpm). It may also be called "heart rate". The pulse is commonly taken at the wrist (radial artery). Alternative sites include the elbow (brachial artery), the neck (carotid artery), behind the knee (popliteal artery), or in the foot (dorsalis pedis or posterior tibial arteries). The pulse rate can also be measured by listening directly to the heartbeat using a stethoscope. The pulse varies with age: a newborn or infant can have a heart rate of 130–150 bpm, a toddler of 100–120 bpm, an older child of 60–100 bpm, an adolescent of 80–100 bpm, Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: what is the pulse in your wrist called

radial artery

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: History of underwater diving Content: developed the first documented diving dress. It was tested the same year in the Pisuerga river (Valladolid, Spain). King Philip the Third attended the demonstration. Two English inventors developed diving suits in the 1710s. John Lethbridge built a completely enclosed suit to aid in salvage work. It consisted of a pressure-proof air-filled barrel with a glass viewing hole and two watertight enclosed sleeves. After testing this machine in his garden pond specially built for the purpose, Lethbridge dived on a number of wrecks: four English men-of-war, one East Indiaman, two Spanish galleons and a number of galleys. He became very Passage-1 Title: Diving suit Content: a window. Becker used a system of tubes for inhaling and exhaling, and demonstrated his suit in the River Thames, London, during which he remained submerged for an hour. German-born British engineer Augustus Siebe developed the standard diving dress in the 1830s. Expanding on improvements already made by another engineer, George Edwards, Siebe produced his own design - a helmet fitted to a full length watertight canvas diving suit. Later suits were made from waterproofed canvas invented by Charles Mackintosh. From the late 1800s and throughout most of the 20th century, most standard dress was made from a sheet of Passage-2 Title: History of underwater diving Content: dive as deep as , and was used to salvage substantial quantities of silver from the wreck of the East Indiaman "Vansittart" which sank in 1718 off the Cape Verde islands. The first armored suit with real joints, designed as leather pieces with rings in the shape of a spring (also known as accordion joints), was designed by Englishman W. H. Taylor in 1838. The diver's hands and feet were covered with leather. Taylor also devised a ballast tank attached to the suit that could be filled with water to attain negative buoyancy. While it was patented, the suit was Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: when was the first scuba diving suit made

1710s

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Men Tell No Tales Content: Lucy Boynton. Her character, Carina, is an astronomer accused of being a witch. Scodelario confirmed that she was playing "a totally different character" from Elizabeth Swann, and also that she will be Henry's love interest, given in earlier drafts she was envisioned as a love interest of Sparrow. Kevin McNally confirmed his return as Joshamee Gibbs in late January. Shortly after on-location pre-production opened in Australia, Disney issued a casting call to local agents for actors from all ages and experience levels to apply for roles, and as extras in the upcoming film, with casting also open in the US. Passage-1 Title: Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Men Tell No Tales Content: Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Men Tell No Tales Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Men Tell No Tales (released in some countries as Pirates of the Caribbean: Salazar's Revenge) is a 2017 American swashbuckler fantasy film, the fifth installment in the "Pirates of the Caribbean" film series and the sequel to "" (2011). The film is directed by Joachim Rønning and Espen Sandberg from a script by Jeff Nathanson, with Jerry Bruckheimer serving again as producer. Johnny Depp, Kevin McNally and Geoffrey Rush reprise their roles as Jack Sparrow, Joshamee Gibbs and Hector Barbossa, respectively, and are joined in the Passage-2 Title: Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Men Tell No Tales Content: of August 2018, the sixth film is still in development. Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Men Tell No Tales Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Men Tell No Tales (released in some countries as Pirates of the Caribbean: Salazar's Revenge) is a 2017 American swashbuckler fantasy film, the fifth installment in the "Pirates of the Caribbean" film series and the sequel to "" (2011). The film is directed by Joachim Rønning and Espen Sandberg from a script by Jeff Nathanson, with Jerry Bruckheimer serving again as producer. Johnny Depp, Kevin McNally and Geoffrey Rush reprise their roles as Jack Sparrow, Joshamee Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who plays the witch in dead men tell no tales

Golshifteh Farahani

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Zac Efron Content: Zac Efron Zachary David Alexander Efron (; born October 18, 1987) is an American actor. He began acting professionally in the early 2000s, and rose to prominence in the late 2000s for his leading role as Troy Bolton in the "High School Musical" franchise (2006–2008). During this time, he also starred in the musical film "Hairspray" (2007) and the comedy film "17 Again" (2009). He has since appeared in the films "New Year's Eve" (2011), "The Lucky One" (2012), "The Paperboy" (2012), "Neighbors" (2014), "Dirty Grandpa" (2016), "" (2016), "Baywatch" (2017) and "The Greatest Showman" (2017). Efron was born in Passage-1 Title: Zac Efron Content: of the WB series "Summerland". For the show's second season, which aired in 2005, he was promoted to the main cast. He also appeared in some films, including the Lifetime television film "Miracle Run" (2004), for which he earned a Young Artist Award nomination for his performance as one of two autistic twins. Efron's career reached a turning point with the teen musical television film "High School Musical" (2006), which premiered on the Disney Channel in January 2006. The film, which has been described as a modern adaptation of "Romeo and Juliet", saw Efron playing the male lead Troy Bolton, Passage-2 Title: Zac Efron Content: a high school basketball player who feels conflicted when he finds himself interested in participating in the school musical with Gabriella Montez (Vanessa Hudgens), a girl from the scholastic decathlon team. The film, which also starred Ashley Tisdale, Lucas Grabeel, Corbin Bleu, and Monique Coleman in pivotal roles, became a major success and helped Efron gain recognition among teenage audiences. The film's soundtrack was certified quadruple platinum by the RIAA, making it one of the best-selling albums of the year in the United States. Efron's singing talents were disputed when it was revealed that his voice had been blended with Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who did zac efron play in high school musical

the male lead Troy Bolton

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Early skyscrapers Content: Early skyscrapers The early skyscrapers were a range of tall, commercial buildings built between 1884 and 1939, predominantly in the American cities of New York City and Chicago. Cities in the United States were traditionally made up of low-rise buildings, but significant economic growth after the Civil War and increasingly intensive use of urban land encouraged the development of taller buildings beginning in the 1870s. Technological improvements enabled the construction of fireproofed iron-framed structures with deep foundations, equipped with new inventions such as the elevator and electric lighting. These made it both technically and commercially viable to build a new Passage-1 Title: Zoning Content: controls land uses in a city. The earliest forms of single-use zoning were practiced in New York city in the early 1900s, to guide its rapid population growth from immigration. Land uses were divided into residential, commercial and industrial areas, now referred to as zones or zoning districts in cities. Single-use zoning became known as Euclidean zoning because of a court case in Euclid, Ohio, which established its constitutionality, "Village of Euclid, Ohio v. Ambler Realty Co." . Euclidean zoning has been the dominant system of zoning in much of North America since its first implementation. The predictable model for Passage-2 Title: City Content: used. Cities were founded in the middle of the newly conquered territories, and were bound to several laws regarding administration, finances and urbanism. The growth of modern industry from the late 18th century onward led to massive urbanization and the rise of new great cities, first in Europe and then in other regions, as new opportunities brought huge numbers of migrants from rural communities into urban areas. England led the way as London became the capital of a world empire and cities across the country grew in locations strategic for manufacturing. In the United States from 1860 to 1910, the Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: the centers of most cities became business areas after the invention of what

skyscraper

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: 2017 Kids' Choice Sports Awards Content: medal winner); Cal Ripken Jr. (former shortstop and third baseman for the Baltimore Orioles and 19-time All-Star); Deion Sanders (NFL Pro Football Hall of Famer); Misty May-Treanor (three-time Olympic beach volleyball gold medalist); Andy Elkin (Agent, Creative Artists Agency); Tracy Perlman (VP Entertainment Marketing and Promotions, NFL); Jeff Schwartz (President and Founder, Excel Sports Management); Jill Smoller (SVP, William Morris Endeavor); Leah Wilcox (VP, Talent Relations, NBA); Alan Zucker (SVP, IMG Clients Group); Michael Phelps (most decorated Olympian of all time); Tony Hawk (professional skateboarder) and Zane Stoddard (VP, Entertainment Marketing and Content Development, NASCAR). Winners are highlighted in bold Passage-1 Title: 2017 BBC Sports Personality of the Year Award Content: and later performed a cover of "All You Need Is Love" to celebrate camaraderie in sport during 2017. Rebecca Ferguson sang "Halo" in honour of Jessica Ennis-Hill and Rag'n'Bone Man performed "Grace" during the "in memoriam". The nominees for the award were revealed by Gabby Logan on 27 November 2017, during BBC One's "The One Show". In November 2017, Hamilton was named in the Paradise Papers. It was reported that Hamilton had avoided paying £3.3 million of Value Added Tax on his private jet worth £16.5 million. The leasing deal set up by advisers was said by the BBC to Passage-2 Title: Jessica Ennis-Hill Content: Kim Clijsters), for the IAAF Female Athlete of the Year, and for "European Athlete of the Year", (both won by Croatian high jumper Blanka Vlasic). Ennis came third for the second year in succession in the "BBC Sports Personality of the Year", behind the winner, jump jockey Tony McCoy, and darts player Phil Taylor. In 2010 Ennis was awarded a LittD Honorary Doctorate from the University of Sheffield for her contribution to sport. In her first competition of 2011 at the Northern Athletics Senior Indoor Championships at the English Institute of Sport in Sheffield in mid January Ennis set an Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who came second and third in sports personality of the year 2017

Jonathan Rea

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Declaration of war by the United States Content: the five wars in which the United States has formally declared war against eleven foreign nations. The only country against which the United States has declared war more than once is Germany, against which the United States has declared war twice (though a case could be made for Hungary as a successor state to Austria-Hungary). In World War II, the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941. Germany and Italy, led respectively by Adolf Hitler and Benito Mussolini, declared war on the United States, and the U.S. Congress responded in kind. In other instances, the United States has engaged Passage-1 Title: Declaration of war by the United States Content: in extended military combat that was authorized by Congress. In many instances, the United States has engaged in extended military engagements that were authorized by United Nations Security Council Resolutions and funded by appropriations from Congress. On at least 125 occasions, the President has acted without prior express military authorization from Congress. These include instances in which the United States fought in the Philippine–American War from 1898–1903, in Nicaragua in 1927, as well as the NATO bombing campaign of Yugoslavia in 1999, and the 2017 missile strikes on Syria. The United States' longest war was fought between 2001 and 2016 Passage-2 Title: Declaration of war Content: chief" of the armed forces. The last time Congress passed joint resolutions saying that a "state of war" existed was on June 5, 1942, when the U.S. declared war on Bulgaria, Hungary, and Romania. Since then, the US has used the term "authorization to use military force", as in the case against Iraq in 2003. Sometimes decisions for military engagements were made by US presidents, without formal approval by Congress, based on UN Security Council resolutions that do not expressly declare the UN or its members to be at war. Part of the justification for the United States invasion of Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: when is the last time the us declared war

June 5, 1942

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: FIFA World Rankings Content: 2017, Brazil returned to the No. 1 spot for the first time since just prior to the 2010 World Cup, but Germany regained the top spot in July after winning the Confederations Cup. In August 2018, France became the leader in the FIFA rankings again after nearly 16 years, having won the 2018 FIFA World Cup, and this is also the first time FIFA adopted the Elo rating system to the ranking system. One month later, for the first time two teams were tied at the top spot as Belgium returned to the number one spot with the same ranking Passage-1 Title: FIFA World Rankings Content: felt it was inaccurate, especially when compared to other ranking systems and that it was not sufficiently responsive to changes in the performance of individual teams. In September 2017, FIFA announced they were reviewing the ranking system and will decide after the end of the 2018 FIFA World Cup qualification if any changes are to be made to improve the ranking. FIFA announced on 10 June 2018 that the ranking system would be updated following the 2018 World Cup. The calculation method to be adopted will be closely modeled after the Elo rating system and rankings of its member associations Passage-2 Title: FIFA World Rankings Content: will be updated on a game-by-game basis. The weighting designated for each confederation for ranking purposes will be abolished. However, the new methodology does not account for home or away games and margin of the victory, as Elo rankings. FIFA had intended to introduce the new ranking system in July 2018, but with no matches scheduled between the July and August ranking dates, delayed until August 2018. There was speculation from football journalists such as ESPN's Dale Johnson that this was because projections of the new rankings had seen relatively little change in positions, with Germany – who had been Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: when do the new fifa world rankings come out

16 August 2018

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: The Disaster Artist (film) Content: The Disaster Artist (film) The Disaster Artist is a 2017 American biographical comedy-drama film produced and directed by James Franco. Written by Scott Neustadter and Michael H. Weber, the film is an adaptation of Greg Sestero and Tom Bissell's 2013 non-fiction book of the same name, and chronicles the unlikely friendship between budding actors Tommy Wiseau and Sestero, which results in the production of Wiseau's 2003 film "The Room", widely considered one of the worst films ever made. The film stars brothers James and Dave Franco as Wiseau and Sestero, respectively, alongside a supporting cast featuring Seth Rogen (who also Passage-1 Title: James Franco Content: Daniels, played by Katherine Waterston. The film was released on May 19, 2017. In 2016, Franco directed, co-produced, and starred in "The Disaster Artist", the film adaptation of actor Greg Sestero's non-fiction book of the same name, about the making of "The Room", which is considered to be one of worst films ever made. In the film, Franco portrayed the film's star, director, screenwriter, and producer Tommy Wiseau, while Franco's brother, Dave, portrayed Sestero. Franco remained in character as Wiseau throughout the entirety of the shoot. "The Disaster Artist" was released on December 1, 2017, to positive reviews, while his Passage-2 Title: Dave Franco Content: roles in the sequels "", as Pete, and "Now You See Me 2", as Jack Wilder. In 2017, Franco appeared in the well-received comedy "The Little Hours", and the acclaimed biographical comedy-drama, "The Disaster Artist", which was directed by his brother, James. In the latter film, he portrays Greg Sestero, a young actor who befriends the eccentric Tommy Wiseau, and ultimately stars in Wiseau's film, "The Room". He has also filmed a role in another film directed by his brother, "Zeroville", in which he plays actor Montgomery Clift. Franco started dating actress Alison Brie in 2012. In August 2015, the Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who does dave franco play in the disaster artist

Dave Franco

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Love It or List It Content: of the end of Season 9 Hilary leads by an overall tally of 90 "Love Its" against 64 "List Its." After a moment to deliberate, the homeowners reveal their decision and explain their reasoning to Hilary and David. If the homeowners decide to "List It," Hilary generally reacts with equanimity and expresses a desire for their best interest, whereas if they decide to "Love It," David frequently reacts with incredulity, questioning their reasoning and/or giving at least the impression of taking their decision personally. The parties then bid each other farewell, with closing footage of Hilary and David continuing to Passage-1 Title: Love It or List It Content: Awards: Best Reality Program or Series and Best Direction in a Reality Program or Series. When HGTV premiered the show on the network, the company stated that "Love It or List It" has been the highest rating reality series since Candice Olson's "Candice Tells All". In 2012, New York Times' columnist Gail Collins noted that it was US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton's favorite TV show. According to Collins, Clinton finds the show "very calming" after being interviewed about her departure from politics. In a 2013 interview with Las Vegas Magazine, Vanna White from "Wheel of Fortune" said it was Passage-2 Title: Love It or List It Content: Love It or List It Love It or List It is a Canadian home design TV show currently airing on HGTV, W Network, and on OWN Canada, and is the original show in the "Love it or List It" franchise. The show is produced by Big Coat Productions and was based in Toronto and other surrounding areas in Ontario, Canada. The show premiered as a primetime program on W Network on September 8, 2008, and has since aired on OWN Canada as well as HGTV in the United States. In September 2014, the show began filming in the United States Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who wins more often on love it or list it

Hilary

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: 2008 Summer Olympics Content: one gold medal, both of these figures setting new records for Olympic Games. There were 117 participating countries that did not win any medals. Athletes from China won the highest number of gold medals of any nation at these Games, with 48, thus making China the seventh nation to rank top in the medal table in the history of the modern Olympics, along with the United States (fifteen times), France (in 1900), Great Britain (in 1908), Germany (in 1936), the Soviet Union (six times), and the Unified Team (in 1992). The United States team won the most medals overall, with Passage-1 Title: United States at the 2008 Summer Olympics Content: highest total medal count, and won more silver and bronze medals than any other participating nation. This games also saw a gold medal record for U.S. swimmer Michael Phelps, who won 8 golds surpassing Mark Spitz's record of 7 golds in a single Olympic event in 1972. Phelps also surpassed Spitz, Larisa Latynina of the USSR, Paavo Nurmi of Finland, and U.S. sprinter Carl Lewis to become the current record holder for the most Olympic gold medals (14). The United States also saw milestones in women's swimming. Natalie Coughlin won 6 medals in Beijing, the most for a female Olympic Passage-2 Title: 2008 Summer Olympics Content: unprecedented 87 countries won at least one medal during the Games. China won the most gold medals, with 48, and became only the seventh different team to top an overall Olympic medal tally, winning a total of 100 medals overall. The United States placed second in the gold medal tally but won the highest number of medals overall, with a total of 112. The third place in the gold medal tally was achieved by Russia. Beijing has been selected to host the 2022 Winter Olympics; it would then become the first city ever to host both a Summer and Winter Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who won the most gold medals in 2008 olympics

China

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Norman Osborn Content: been portrayed in film by Willem Dafoe in Sam Raimi's "Spider-Man" film trilogy and Chris Cooper in the 2014 film "The Amazing Spider-Man 2". Among others, Neil Ross, Alan Rachins, Steve Blum, Steven Weber and Josh Keaton provided Osborn's voice in the animated "Spider-Man" series of 1981, 1994, 2008, 2012 and 2017. Marvel Comics editor and head writer Stan Lee and artist Steve Ditko are credited with creating the character, they each collaborated with one another on how the character would be portrayed. According to Ditko: "Stan's synopsis for the Green Goblin had a movie crew, on location, finding an Passage-1 Title: Norman Osborn Content: Willem Dafoe. He was the main antagonist in the first "Spider-Man" film, and later made cameo appearances in "Spider-Man 2" (2004) and "Spider-Man 3" (2007) as a hallucination. Marc Webb's 2012 Spider-Man film reboot, "The Amazing Spider-Man" featured many references to Osborn, and the character appeared in the sequel "The Amazing Spider-Man 2" portrayed by Chris Cooper. Osborn was one of the characters portrayed in the 1987 live adaptation of Spider-Man's wedding at Shea Stadium. Osborn appeared as the main antagonist in the Broadway musical, "", began previews on November 14, 2010 at the Foxwoods Theatre on Broadway, with the Passage-2 Title: Willem Dafoe Content: Dafoe lent his voice and likeness to the James Bond video game "" (2003) as the villain Nikolai Diavolo. The following year, Dafoe took on another villainous role in "The Clearing", albeit with a more sympathetic approach. Dafoe co-starred as a man who kidnaps his former boss (played by Robert Redford) in exchange for a ransom. The film received mixed reviews, although Peter Travers felt that he added a note of "vulnerability to the menace he has made his stock in trade". Dafoe reprised his role as Norman Osborn in "Spider-Man 2" (2004), appearing to his son Harry in an Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who played norman osborn in spider man 2

Chris Cooper

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Instagram Content: it had 5 million users, which increased to 10 million in September. This growth continued to 30 million users in April 2012, 80 million in July 2012, 100 million in February 2013, 130 million in June 2013, 150 million in September 2013, 300 million in December 2014, 400 million in September 2015, 500 million in June 2016, 600 million in December 2016, 700 million in April 2017, and 800 million in September 2017. In October 2016, Instagram Stories reached 100 million active users, two months after launch. This increased to 150 million in January 2017, 200 million in April, surpassing Passage-1 Title: Fashion influencer Content: a blog in the first place. Jenn Im became a fashion influencer due to her successful Youtube channel, German influencer Pamela Reif due to her high reach on Instagram. In 2017, Instagram was the social media platform with the highest reach for fashion influencers. Forbes calculated that the top ten fashion influencers combined generated a reach of 23,3 million on Instagram. At the same time, the fashion industry had the highest share on Instagram influencer marketing in the US. It’s share, approximately 61 percent, dominated by far subsequent sectors investing in influencer marketing such as travel (8 percent) and food Passage-2 Title: Kylie Jenner Content: reached number one on the iTunes App Store. In 2014 and 2015, "Time" magazine listed the Jenner sisters on their list of the most influential teens in the world, citing their considerable influence among youth on social media. As of 2018, with over 100 million followers, she is one of the top 10 most followed people on Instagram. In 2017, Jenner was placed on the "Forbes" Celebrity 100 list, making her the youngest person to be featured on the list. Jenner starred on her own spin-off series, "Life of Kylie", which premiered on E! on August 6, 2017. According to Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who have the highest followers on instagram 2017

Selena Gomez

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Erlang (unit) Content: Erlang (unit) The erlang (symbol E) is a dimensionless unit that is used in telephony as a measure of offered load or carried load on service-providing elements such as telephone circuits or telephone switching equipment. A single cord circuit has the capacity to be used for 60 minutes in one hour. Full utilization of that capacity, 60 minutes of traffic, constitutes 1 erlang. Carried traffic in erlangs is the average number of concurrent calls measured over a given period (often one hour), while offered traffic is the traffic that would be carried if all call-attempts succeeded. How much offered traffic Passage-1 Title: Erlang (unit) Content: develop and Erlang's equations cannot be used. Erlang (unit) The erlang (symbol E) is a dimensionless unit that is used in telephony as a measure of offered load or carried load on service-providing elements such as telephone circuits or telephone switching equipment. A single cord circuit has the capacity to be used for 60 minutes in one hour. Full utilization of that capacity, 60 minutes of traffic, constitutes 1 erlang. Carried traffic in erlangs is the average number of concurrent calls measured over a given period (often one hour), while offered traffic is the traffic that would be carried if Passage-2 Title: Erlang (unit) Content: total offered traffic in erlang, offered to "m" identical parallel resources (servers, communication channels, traffic lanes). where: Note: The "erlang" is a dimensionless load unit calculated as the mean arrival rate, λ, multiplied by the mean call holding time, "h". See Little's law to prove that the erlang unit has to be dimensionless for Little's Law to be dimensionally sane. This may be expressed recursively as follows, in a form that is used to simplify the calculation of tables of the Erlang B formula: Typically, instead of "B"("E", "m") the inverse 1/"B"("E", "m") is calculated in numerical computation in order Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: what is the dimension of traffic measurement unit erlang

dimensionless

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: The Bridge on the River Kwai Content: The Bridge on the River Kwai The Bridge on the River Kwai is a 1957 British-American epic war film directed by David Lean and based on the novel "Le Pont de la Rivière Kwaï" (1952) by Pierre Boulle. The film uses the historical setting of the construction of the Burma Railway in 1942–1943. The cast included William Holden, Jack Hawkins, Alec Guinness, and Sessue Hayakawa. It was initially scripted by screenwriter Carl Foreman, who was later replaced by Michael Wilson. Both writers had to work in secret, as they were on the Hollywood blacklist and had fled to England in Passage-1 Title: The Bridge over the River Kwai Content: The Bridge over the River Kwai The Bridge over the River Kwai () is a novel by the French novelist Pierre Boulle, published in French in 1952 and English translation by Xan Fielding in 1954. The story is fictional but uses the construction of the Burma Railway, in 1942–1943, as its historical setting, and is partly based on Pierre Boulle's own life experience working in Malaysia rubber plantations and later working for allied forces in Singapore and Indochina during World War II. The novel deals with the plight of World War II British prisoners of war forced by the Imperial Passage-2 Title: The Bridge over the River Kwai Content: name was used. Producer George Martin edited out the "K" every time the word "Kwai" was spoken. The Bridge over the River Kwai The Bridge over the River Kwai () is a novel by the French novelist Pierre Boulle, published in French in 1952 and English translation by Xan Fielding in 1954. The story is fictional but uses the construction of the Burma Railway, in 1942–1943, as its historical setting, and is partly based on Pierre Boulle's own life experience working in Malaysia rubber plantations and later working for allied forces in Singapore and Indochina during World War II. The Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who wrote the bridge over the river kwai

Michael Wilson

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Hurricane Maria Content: by Hurricane Irma. Total losses from the hurricane are estimated at upwards of $91.61 billion (2017 USD), mostly in Puerto Rico, ranking it as the third-costliest tropical cyclone on record. Originating from a tropical wave, Maria became a tropical storm on September 16, east of the Lesser Antilles. Highly favorable environmental conditions allowed the storm to undergo explosive intensification as it approached the island arc. The hurricane reached Category 5 strength on September 18 just before making landfall on Dominica, becoming the first Category 5 hurricane on record to strike the island. After weakening slightly due to crossing Dominica, Maria Passage-1 Title: 2017 Atlantic hurricane season Content: as a Category 4 hurricane. In terms of maximum sustained winds, Irma is the strongest hurricane ever recorded in the Atlantic Ocean outside of the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea. In late September, Hurricane Maria became the first Category 5 hurricane to strike the island of Dominica on record. It later made landfall in Puerto Rico as a high-end Category 4 hurricane with catastrophic effect. Most of the deaths from this season occurred from Maria, and caused a humanitarian crisis in Puerto Rico. In early October, Hurricane Nate became the fastest-moving tropical cyclone in the Gulf of Mexico while Passage-2 Title: Hurricane Maria death toll controversy Content: Hurricane Maria death toll controversy Hurricane Maria struck Puerto Rico as a high-end Category 4 hurricane on September 20, 2017, resulting in the island's most severe natural disaster in modern history. The entire island suffered devastating effects with the entire population losing access to electricity, the majority losing access to clean water, tens of thousands of homes destroyed, and road infrastructure left crippled. A series of cascading infrastructure failures compounded the direct effects of the hurricane; scores of people died from lack of aid, electricity, water, and access to medical care. The territory's elderly and poor population were most impacted. Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: when did the hurricane hit puerto rico 2017

September 20

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Color television Content: UK's BBC2 beginning on July 1, 1967 (using the PAL system). West Germany's first colour broadcast occurred in August (PAL), followed by the Netherlands in September (PAL), and by France in October (SECAM). Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Finland, Austria, East Germany, Czechoslovakia, and Hungary all started regular colour broadcasts around 1969/1970. Ireland's national TV station RTÉ began using colour in 1968 for recorded programmes; the first outside broadcast made in colour for RTÉ Television was when Ireland hosted the Eurovision Song Contest in Dublin in 1971. The PAL system spread through most of Western Europe. More European countries introduced colour television Passage-1 Title: Color television Content: before the introduction of colour television to the UK, for the purpose of sales to U.S. networks. The first British show to be made in colour was the drama series "The Adventures of Sir Lancelot" (1956–57), which was initially made in black and white but later shot in colour for sale to the NBC network in the United States. Other British colour television programs include "Stingray" (1964–1965), which was the first British TV show to be filmed entirely in colour, "Thunderbirds" (1965–1966) and "Captain Scarlet and the Mysterons" (1967–1968). However, most UK series predominantly made using videotape, such as "Doctor Passage-2 Title: History of ITV Content: 1970 to 8 February 1971 (although some shows made during this period in black and white were having their first transmission as late as December 1971) who, due to a pay dispute with their management, refused to make programmes in colour. Colour was available to nearly 100% of the UK from 1976, with the Channel Islands being the last region to be converted. This enabled the 405-line system to be phased out between 1982 and 1985. Following the passing of the Sound Broadcasting Act 1972, the ITA was reconstituted as the Independent Broadcasting Authority (IBA) who took on the same Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: when did colour tv start in the uk

1967

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Polygyny Content: the production of women "who are valued both as workers and as child bearers." Goody however, observes that the correlation is imperfect, and also describes more traditionally male dominated though relatively extensive farming systems such as those that exist in much of West Africa, particularly the savanna region, where polygamy is desired more for the production of male offspring whose labor in farming is valued." Goody's observation regarding African male farming systems is discussed and supported by anthropologists Douglas R. White and Michael L. Burton in "Causes of Polygyny: Ecology, Economy, Kinship, and Warfare", where the authors note: "Goody (1973) Passage-1 Title: Polygyny Content: the Fundamentalist Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints (FLDS Church). Boserup (1970) was the first to propose that the high incidence of polygyny in sub-Saharan Africa is rooted in the sexual division of labor in hoe-farming and the large economic contribution of women. In some regions of shifting cultivation where polygyny is most frequently recorded, labor is often starkly divided between genders. In many of these cases, the task of felling trees in preparation of new plots, the fencing of fields against wild animals, and sometimes the initial planting of crops, is usually done by men and older boys Passage-2 Title: Polygyny Content: that share descent from a common ancestor. Polygyny also served as "a dynamic principle of family survival, growth, security, continuity, and prestige," especially as a socially approved mechanism that increases the number of adult workers immediately and the eventual workforce of resident children. According to scientific studies, the human mating system is considered to be moderately polygynous, based both on surveys of world populations, and on characteristics of human reproductive physiology. Scholars have argued that in farming systems where men do most of the agriculture work, a second wife can be an economic burden rather than an asset. In order Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: which type of economy most often practices polygyny

rural areas with growing populations

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Kobe Bryant Content: to trade their draft selection at #13 to the Lakers the day before the draft. Prior to the trade agreement, the Hornets never considered drafting Bryant. During the draft, the Lakers told the Hornets whom to select minutes before the pick was made. Bryant was the first guard ever drafted directly out of high school. After the draft, the trade was put in jeopardy when Divac threatened to retire rather than be traded from Los Angeles. However, on June 30, Divac relented on his threat and the trade was made final on July 9, 1996 when the league's offseason moratorium Passage-1 Title: 1996–97 Charlotte Hornets season Content: that Bryant's workouts were some of the best he had seen. Immediately after the draft, Dave Cowens expressed that the Hornets had no use for him. Fifteen days later, West traded his starting center, Vlade Divac to the Hornets for the young Kobe Bryant. "Note: Statistics are correct through the end of the ." Released Michael Adams. Traded Kobe Bryant to the Los Angeles Lakers for Vlade Divac. Released Robert Parish. Traded Larry Johnson to the New York Knicks for Brad Lohaus and Anthony Mason. Signed Bob McCann as a free agent. October 19, 1996 Signed Tony Smith as a Passage-2 Title: Charlotte Hornets draft history Content: the prior season. Teams can also trade their picks, which means that in some drafts, teams may have more or less than two draft picks, although they must have at least one first-round pick every other year. The first pick in the Hornets' history was Rex Chapman, a shooting guard from the University of Kentucky. The Hornets had three top-four picks and all of them have participated in the NBA All-Star Game: Larry Johnson, Alonzo Mourning, and Baron Davis. In 1996, the Hornets drafted Kobe Bryant 13th overall, but traded him for Vlade Divac. Bryant finished his career as an Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who was traded for kobe bryant in 1996

Vlade Divac

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: The Prince and the Pauper Content: The Prince and the Pauper The Prince and the Pauper is a novel by American author Mark Twain. It was first published in 1881 in Canada, before its 1882 publication in the United States. The novel represents Twain's first attempt at historical fiction. Set in 1537, it tells the story of two young boys who are identical in appearance: Tom Canty, a pauper who lives with his abusive father in Offal Court off Pudding Lane in London, and Prince Edward, son of King Henry VIII. Tom Canty, youngest son of a poor family living in Offal Court located in London, Passage-1 Title: The Prince and the Pauper (1937 film) Content: concerto was drawn from the music he composed for this film. In Tudor England, two boys are born on the same day in the most different circumstances imaginable. Tom Canty (Billy Mauch) is the son of vicious criminal John Canty (Barton MacLane), while Edward Tudor (Bobby Mauch) is the Prince of Wales and the son of King Henry VIII of England (Montagu Love). One grows up in poverty, hungering for something better for himself and his family, the other in isolated luxury, with a strong curiosity about the outside world. They meet and are astounded by their striking resemblance to Passage-2 Title: The Prince and the Pauper Content: The Prince momentarily goes outside, quickly hiding an article of national importance, which the reader later learns is the Great Seal of England, but dressed as Tom, he is not recognized by the guards, who drive him from the palace, and he eventually finds his way through the streets to the Canty home. There, he is subjected to the brutality of Tom's alcoholic and abusive father, from whom he manages to escape, and meets one Miles Hendon, a soldier and nobleman returning from war. Although Miles does not believe Edward's claims to royalty, he humors him and becomes his protector. Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: where does the prince and the pauper take place

London

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Energy Performance Certificate (United Kingdom) Content: Energy Performance Certificate (United Kingdom) Energy performance certificates (EPCs) are a rating scheme to summarise the energy efficiency of buildings in the European Union. EPCs were introduced in England and Wales on 1 August 2007 as part of Home Information Packs (HIPs) for domestic properties with four or more bedrooms. Over time this requirement was extended to smaller properties. When the requirement for HIPs was removed in May 2010, the requirement for EPCs continued. The scheme for HIPs was extended to encompass three bedroom homes from 10 September 2007. Rental properties, which have a certificate valid for 10 years, required Passage-1 Title: Energy Savings Performance Contract Content: are regulations created by the Federal Energy Management Program (FEMP) of the United States Department of Energy (DOE) as required by the Energy Policy Act of 1992. The final DOE ruling came into effect on May 10, 1995. The use of ESPCs by Federal agencies was reauthorized in the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (EPACT 2005) through the end of Fiscal Year (FY) 2016 and permanently reauthorized in The Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA). Energy Performance Contracts are also used extensively in the US Department of Housing & Urban Development's (HUD's) Public Housing Program as a means Passage-2 Title: Housing in the United Kingdom Content: of failure to take up grants is given as one of the reasons the UK is missing carbon reduction targets. The idea behind EPCs was that if those buying or renting a property are informed about its energy efficiency market forces will lead to better insulated dwellings. To improved the working of the market by providing better informed purchasers, under UK law, whenever a dwelling is built, sold, or rented an EPC is required. An EPC gives an indication of the energy efficiency of a dwelling. The certificates have been criticized as they are based on visual inspection of the Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: when did epcs come into force for rental properties

1 October 2008

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Terry Kubicka Content: to the 1976 Winter Olympics in Innsbruck, Austria. At the Olympics, he became the first and only skater to perform a legal backflip; it was banned after the competition. After ending his competitive career, Kubicka toured with Ice Capades for three years then left skating to become a veterinarian. In 2005, he returned to skating as a National Technical Specialist. He was named an International Technical Specialist as of August 1, 2007. Terry Kubicka Terry Kubicka (born April 3, 1956) is an American retired figure skater. He is the 1974 Prague Skate champion, 1975 Skate Canada International bronze medalist, and Passage-1 Title: Back-pass rule Content: If a player uses such a trick, they are cautioned for unsporting behaviour, and the opponents are awarded an indirect free kick from where the trick was performed. It is irrelevant as to whether the goalkeeper subsequently handles the ball or not. The United States Soccer Federation (USSF) has provided the following guidance on how this offence should be judged by referees: The back-pass rule was introduced in 1992 to discourage time-wasting and unduly defensive play after the 1990 World Cup was described as exceedingly dull, rife with back-passing and goalkeepers holding up the ball. The first games played with Passage-2 Title: Olga Korbut Content: her move, the "Korbut flip", a backflip performed on the uneven parallel bars, starting from a standing position on the high bar and then catching the same bar from below on the under swing. Named after Korbut since she was the first to perform the skill at an international competition in 1972, the move has since been made illegal in the Olympic Code of Points. After the 1972 Olympic competition, she also met United States President Richard Nixon at the White House. About the meeting, Korbut said: "He told me that my performance in Munich did more for reducing the Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: when were backflips made illegal in figure skating

1976

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince (film) Content: might move from the UK, where all previous films were shot. The crew also scouted around Cape Wrath in Scotland, for use in the cave scene. Filming returned to Glen Coe and Glenfinnan, both which have appeared in the previous films, to preserve the continuity of the landscape. Following a week of rehearsals, principal photography began on 24 September 2007 and ended on 17 May 2008. Though Radcliffe, Gambon and Broadbent started shooting in late September 2007, some other cast members started much later: Grint did not begin until November 2007, Watson did not begin until December 2007, Rickman until Passage-1 Title: Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince (film) Content: January 2008, and Bonham Carter until February 2008. On the weekend of 6 October 2007, the crew shot scenes involving the Hogwarts Express in the misty and dewy environment of Fort William, Scotland. A series of night scenes were filmed in the village of Lacock and the cloisters at Lacock Abbey for three nights starting 25 October 2007. Filming took place from 5 pm to 5 am daily, and residents of the street were asked to black out their windows with dark blinds. On set reports indicated that the main scene filmed was Harry and Dumbledore's visit to Slughorn's house. Passage-2 Title: Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince (film) Content: Further filming took place in Surbiton railway station in October 2007, Gloucester Cathedral, where the first and second films were shot, in February 2008, and at the Millennium Bridge in London in March 2008. Due to cinematographer Bruno Delbonnel's use of de-focussing and soft wipes in the digital grade, Warner Bros. asked director David Yates to add more colours to the film. Yates didn't want to lose the "very European look" of the film, but after retouching the picture, he said, "It's not what you wanted, but we're happy with it." After five minutes of watching the film, the studio Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: where was harry potter and the half blood prince filmed

Glen Coe and Glenfinnan

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Jamie Donnelly Content: Los Angeles. During her stage career, she appeared in a musical version of "Tarzan". Donnelly is an acting coach who lives in La Canada, California, with her husband Stephen Foreman, a noted novelist. She has two adult children. Jamie Donnelly Jamie Donnelly (born May 8, 1947) is an American actress. Donnelly was born in Teaneck, New Jersey. Donnelly is best known as Jan, one of the Pink Ladies from the musical and film "Grease". While her film co-stars John Travolta and Jeff Conaway had also appeared in the stage version of "Grease" as different characters, and Frankie Avalon would reprise Passage-1 Title: Jamie Donnelly Content: Jamie Donnelly Jamie Donnelly (born May 8, 1947) is an American actress. Donnelly was born in Teaneck, New Jersey. Donnelly is best known as Jan, one of the Pink Ladies from the musical and film "Grease". While her film co-stars John Travolta and Jeff Conaway had also appeared in the stage version of "Grease" as different characters, and Frankie Avalon would reprise his film character on stage, Donnelly was the only person to reprise her stage character on film; she was 31 years old by the time the film was released and had to dye her graying hair to continue Passage-2 Title: Grease: Live Content: would air on January 31, 2016. "Entertainment Weekly" reported that the special had been delayed from its original target of Summer 2015 due to difficulties in the casting process. On May 28, 2015, it was announced that Keke Palmer would join the broadcast as Marty Maraschino, one of the Pink Ladies. On July 9, it was announced that Aaron Tveit would star as Danny Zuko in the live TV broadcast, and Carlos PenaVega would play the role of Kenickie. On September 30, 2015, it was announced that Carly Rae Jepsen, Kether Donohue, and David Del Rio would play Frenchy, Jan, Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: the names of the pink ladies from grease

Rizzo

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Sport in Argentina Content: Sport in Argentina The practice of sports in Argentina is varied due to the population's diverse European origins and the mostly mild climate. Association football is the most popular discipline and other sports played both professionally and recreatively athletics, auto racing, basketball, boxing, cycling, field hockey, fishing, golf, handball, mountaineering, padel tennis, polo, roller hockey, rowing, rugby union, sailing, skiing, swimming, tennis and volleyball. Argentine achievements can be found in team sports such as association football, basketball, field hockey and rugby union, and individual sports such as boxing, golf, tennis and rowing. Pato, the national sport, is not very popular. Passage-1 Title: Football in Argentina Content: Football in Argentina Association football is the most popular sport in the Argentine Republic and part of the culture in Argentina. It is the one with the most players (2,658,811 total, 331,811 of which are registered and 2,327,000 unregistered; with 3,377 clubs and 37,161 officials, all according to FIFA) and is the most popular recreational sport, played from childhood into old age. The percentage of Argentines that declare allegiance to an Argentine football club is about 90%. Football was introduced to Argentina in the later half of the 19th century by the British immigrants in Buenos Aires. The first Argentine Passage-2 Title: Sport in Argentina Content: at school and by grown-ups on the plenty of both indoor and outdoor fields located throughout the country. The national team has won the FIFA World Cup twice (in 1978 and 1986), successive Olympic gold medals (in 2004 and 2008), fourteen Copas América, one Confederations Cup and six World Youth Championships. Argentine clubs have won the Copa Libertadores, the top continental competition, a record 22 times and the Intercontinental Cup or FIFA Club World Cup 8 times, a record shared with Brazilian clubs. The Argentine Primera División is the top level domestic competition. The country's most famed football idol is Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: what is the most famous sport in argentina

Association football

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Jesse Stone (character) Content: The first eight films were commissioned by CBS, and aired from 2005 to 2012. A ninth film was picked up by the Hallmark Channel, and aired on October 18, 2015. A tenth film is currently in the works for a potential 2018 release. The character begins the series at about 35 years old. He is a former minor league baseball shortstop whose career was cut short by a shoulder injury. He was raised in Arizona and California. He was asked to resign from his job as a homicide detective for the LAPD Robbery-Homicide Division because of a drinking problem that Passage-1 Title: Jesse Stone (character) Content: the title role; the first was aired in 2005 and the most recent in 2015. Robert Harmon has directed all but one of the films (Dick Lowry directed ""), and Jeff Beal has provided original music. Selections from the scores of all the movies to date were released on a limited edition CD by Varèse Sarabande in 2009. The movies begin out of sequence but stay relatively true to storylines and character, with exceptions made mostly for television network viewing. With the fifth film, Selleck and Michael Brandman took over the screen writing, and took the films in new directions. Passage-2 Title: Jennifer Stone Content: Jennifer Stone Jennifer Lindsay Stone (born February 12, 1993) is an American actress. She is known for playing Harper Finkle on the Disney Channel series "Wizards of Waverly Place", and the main character of "". Stone was first cast as Martha in "Secondhand Lions", for which she received a Young Artist Award nomination. She recalls only having recognized Michael Caine from "Miss Congeniality" while on the set of "Secondhand Lions". Stone also received a Young Artist Award nomination for her guest appearance on "House" She guest appeared on "Line of Fire" and "Without a Trace". In 2009, she had a Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who is the voice of jen on jesse stone

Gil Anderson

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Executive order Content: provisions of the Emergency Relief Appropriations Act. On June 15, he issued Executive Order 7075, which terminated NIRA and replaced it with the Office of Administration of the National Recovery Administration. In the years that followed, President Roosevelt replaced the outgoing judges with those more in line with his views, ultimately appointing Hugo Black, Stanley Reed, Felix Frankfurter, William O. Douglas, Frank Murphy, Robert H. Jackson and James F. Byrnes to the Court. Historically, only George Washington had equal or greater influence over Supreme Court appointments, choosing all of its original members. Justices Frankfurter, Douglas, Black, and Jackson dramatically checked Passage-1 Title: Supreme Court of the United States Content: Chief Justice after Rehnquist died). Despite the variability, all but four presidents have been able to appoint at least one justice. William Henry Harrison died a month after taking office, though his successor (John Tyler) made an appointment during that presidential term. Likewise, Zachary Taylor died 16 months after taking office, but his successor (Millard Fillmore) also made a Supreme Court nomination before the end of that term. Andrew Johnson, who became president after the assassination of Abraham Lincoln, was denied the opportunity to appoint a justice by a reduction in the size of the Court. Jimmy Carter is the Passage-2 Title: Appointment and confirmation to the Supreme Court of the United States Content: House vote, have occurred more recently: William O. Douglas was twice the subject of hearings, first in 1953 and again in 1970. No mechanism presently exists for removing a justice who is permanently incapacitated by illness or injury, both unable to resign and unable to resume service. Despite the unpredictability of vacancies, most presidents have successfully appointed at least one justice. The four exceptions are William Henry Harrison, Zachary Taylor, Andrew Johnson, and Jimmy Carter. Harrison died a month after taking office, though his successor John Tyler made an appointment during that presidential term. Taylor likewise died early in his Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: which president have nominated the most supreme court justices

George Washington

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: History of North Carolina Content: their Provincial Congresses, drafted the Halifax Resolves, a set of resolutions that empowered the state's delegates to the Second Continental Congress to concur in a declaration of independence from Great Britain. In July 1776, the new state became part of the new nation, the United States of America. In 1775, the Patriots easily expelled the Royal governor and suppressed the Loyalists. In November 1776, elected representatives gathered in Halifax to write a new state constitution, which remained in effect until 1835. One of the most prominent Loyalists was John Leggett, a rich planter in Bladen County. He organized and led Passage-1 Title: North Carolina Content: her. As early as 1650, settlers from the Virginia colony moved into the area of Albemarle Sound. By 1663, King Charles II of England granted a charter to start a new colony on the North American continent; it generally established North Carolina's borders. He named it "Carolina" in honor of his father Charles I. By 1665, a second charter was issued to attempt to resolve territorial questions. In 1710, owing to disputes over governance, the Carolina colony began to split into North Carolina and South Carolina. The latter became a crown colony in 1729. In the 1700s, a series of Passage-2 Title: History of North Carolina Content: residents in the wealthy northeastern part of the state, who generally supported the proposed Constitution, threatened to secede if the rest of the state did not fall into line. A second ratifying convention was held in Fayetteville in November 1789, and on November 21, North Carolina became the 12th state to ratify the U.S. Constitution. North Carolina adopted a new state constitution in 1835. One of the major changes was the introduction of direct election of the governor, for a term of two years; prior to 1835, the legislature elected the governor for a term of one year. North Carolina's Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: when did north carolina become a part of the united states

November 21, 1789

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Foreign exchange hedge Content: Foreign exchange hedge A foreign exchange hedge (also called a FOREX hedge) is a method used by companies to eliminate or "hedge" their foreign exchange risk resulting from transactions in foreign currencies (see foreign exchange derivative). This is done using either the cash flow hedge or the fair value method. The accounting rules for this are addressed by both the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) and by the US Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (US GAAP) as well as other national accounting standards. A foreign exchange hedge transfers the foreign exchange risk from the trading or investing company to a business Passage-1 Title: Foreign exchange hedge Content: or received in the currency . For example, if a United States company doing business in Japan is compensated in yen, that company has risk associated with fluctuations in the value of the yen versus the United States dollar. A hedge is a type of derivative, or a financial instrument, that derives its value from an underlying asset. Hedging is a way for a company to minimize or eliminate foreign exchange risk. Two common hedges are forward contracts and options. A forward contract will lock in an exchange rate today at which the currency transaction will occur at the future Passage-2 Title: Foreign exchange hedge Content: date. An option sets an exchange rate at which the company may choose to exchange currencies. If the current exchange rate is more favorable, then the company will not exercise this option. The main difference between the hedge methods is who derives the benefit of a favourable movement in the exchange rate. With a forward contract the other party derives the benefit, while with an option the company retains the benefit by choosing not to exercise the option if the exchange rate moves in its favour. Guidelines for accounting for financial derivatives are given under IFRS 7. Under this standard, Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: an option market hedge in foreign exchange risk management is a form of an

foreign exchange hedge

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: 102nd Grey Cup Content: 102nd Grey Cup The 102nd Grey Cup was a Canadian football game played November 30, 2014, between the West Division champion Calgary Stampeders and East Division champion Hamilton Tiger-Cats, to determine the Canadian Football League (CFL) championship for the 2014 season. The contest was held at BC Place stadium in Vancouver, British Columbia. The Stampeders won the contest 20–16 to claim their seventh Grey Cup championship in franchise history and first since 2008. Calgary quarterback Bo Levi Mitchell was named the Grey Cup Most Valuable Player, while Hamilton's Andy Fantuz received the Dick Suderman Trophy as most outstanding Canadian. In Passage-1 Title: Calgary Stampeders Content: again with a 15–2–1 record, but falling to the third-year Ottawa Redblacks in the 104th Grey Cup in overtime. In 2017, the Stampeders finished 13-4-1 (with the league's best record for the season) and made their second straight Grey Cup appearance, but lost to the Toronto Argonauts again, just as they did five years earlier. In 2018, the Stampeders would finish 15-5 and would make a third straight Grey Cup appearance, this time winning the title over the Redblacks 27-16 in Edmonton. Bo Levi Mitchell would win Most Outstanding Player at the 2018 CFL Awards as well as the Grey Passage-2 Title: Grey Cup Content: play (15), including five consecutive losses between 1928 and 1932. The defending champions are the Calgary Stampeders who won the 106th Grey Cup in 2018. Six teams in CFL history have won the Grey Cup at home, the 2013 Saskatchewan Roughriders, the 2012 Toronto Argonauts, the 2011 BC Lions, the 1994 BC Lions, the 1977 Montreal Alouettes, and 1972 Hamilton Tiger-Cats. The Blue Bombers were the losing team in 2011, extending Winnipeg's championship drought at the time to 21 seasons, and at 28 seasons (1991–2018) is the longest active streak in the CFL. Individually, three players have won seven Grey Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: when's the last time calgary stampeders won the grey cup

2014

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Northern United States Content: be the subject of historical disagreement. Five slave-holding states, called the Border states, that remained with the Union – Missouri, Kentucky, West Virginia, Maryland and Delaware (along with the disputed Indian Territory) – may be excluded. Northern United States The Northern United States, commonly referred to as the American North or simply the North, can be a geographic or historical term and definition. Geographically, the term includes the U.S. states and regions of the United States of America that are located across the northernmost part of the country. It includes, but is not limited to, states along the Canada–United States Passage-1 Title: Northern United States Content: Northern United States The Northern United States, commonly referred to as the American North or simply the North, can be a geographic or historical term and definition. Geographically, the term includes the U.S. states and regions of the United States of America that are located across the northernmost part of the country. It includes, but is not limited to, states along the Canada–United States border. The United States Census Bureau divides some of the northernmost United States into the Midwest Region and the Northeast Region. The Census Bureau also includes the northernmost states of the Northwestern United States, that are Passage-2 Title: Northern Tier (United States) Content: 1960s. Moving east to west (as the majority of population did), such states include: Connecticut, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, New Hampshire, Maine, Vermont, New York, Michigan, Wisconsin, Iowa, Minnesota, South Dakota, North Dakota, Montana, Idaho, Oregon and Washington. The terms Upper Midwest and North Country, New York are related to this term. Northern Tier (United States) The Northern Tier is the northernmost part of the United States, along the border with Canada (including the border on the Great Lakes). It can be defined as the states that border Canada (excluding Alaska), but historians include all of New England in the Northern Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: what is the northern most state in the us

Alaska

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Life's Been Good Content: was incorporated into that group's concert repertoire, appearing in shows at the time as well as reunion tours. It remains a staple of classic rock radio playlists. A live version of the song with the Eagles appears on the 1980 album "Eagles Live", where some of the lyrics are changed. In 2013, this song was sampled on Eminem's "So Far..." off "The Marshall Mathers LP 2", produced by Rick Rubin. Life's Been Good "Life's Been Good" is a song by Joe Walsh, which first appeared on the soundtrack to the film "FM". The original eight-minute version was released on Walsh's Passage-1 Title: Joe Walsh discography Content: Joe Walsh discography Joe Walsh is an American musician. Known as a member of the rock band Eagles, Walsh is also a solo recording artist. His highest charting song is "A Life of Illusion", which reached number-one on Hot Mainstream Rock Tracks. Note: Other songs in the Eagles catalog that were sung and written by Walsh include "Life's Been Good" and "All Night Long", from Walsh's solo career, which were included on "Eagles Live", and "Funk #49", from Walsh's days in the James Gang, was included on the fourth "Millennium Concert" disc of the Eagles box set "". The band Passage-2 Title: So Far... Content: So Far... "So Far..." is a song by American hip hop recording artist Eminem, taken from his eighth studio album "The Marshall Mathers LP 2" (2013). The song discusses Eminem meditating on the pitfalls of fame and the tendency for things to go wrong at the worst possible moment. The song was produced by the album's executive producer Rick Rubin. "So Far" features samples from the Joe Walsh recording "Life's Been Good" and also contains samples of "P.S.K. What Does It Mean?" as performed by Schooly D, as well as "The Real Slim Shady" and "I'm Back" by himself. The Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who sings life has been good to me so far

Joe Walsh

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: South Pole Content: a longitude is desired, it may be given as At the South Pole, all directions face north. For this reason, directions at the Pole are given relative to "grid north", which points northwards along the prime meridian. Along tight latitude circles, clockwise is east, and counterclockwise is west, opposite to the North Pole. The Geographic South Pole is located on the continent of Antarctica (although this has not been the case for all of Earth's history because of continental drift). It sits atop a featureless, barren, windswept and icy plateau at an altitude of 2,835 metres (9,301 ft) above sea Passage-1 Title: South Pole Content: planet pulls the atmosphere toward the equator. The South Pole is colder than the North Pole because of the elevation difference. The North Pole is a few feet from sea level. In midsummer, as the sun reaches its maximum elevation of about 23.5 degrees, high temperatures at the South Pole in January average at . As the six-month "day" wears on and the sun gets lower, temperatures drop as well: they reach around sunset (late March) and sunrise (late September). In midwinter, the average temperature remains steady at around . The highest temperature ever recorded at the Amundsen–Scott South Pole Passage-2 Title: South Pole Content: South Pole The South Pole, also known as the Geographic South Pole or Terrestrial South Pole, is one of the two points where the Earth's axis of rotation intersects its surface. It is the southernmost point on the surface of the Earth and lies on the opposite side of the Earth from the North Pole. Situated on the continent of Antarctica, it is the site of the United States Amundsen–Scott South Pole Station, which was established in 1956 and has been permanently staffed since that year. The Geographic South Pole is distinct from the South Magnetic Pole, the position of Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: what is the lattitude of the south pole

90°00'S

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Maryland Toleration Act Content: Maryland Toleration Act The Maryland Toleration Act, also known as the Act Concerning Religion, was a law mandating religious tolerance for Trinitarian Christians. It was passed on April 21, 1649, by the assembly of the Maryland colony, in St. Mary's City. It was the second law requiring religious tolerance in the British North American colonies and created one of the pioneer statutes passed by the legislative body of an organized colonial government to guarantee any degree of religious liberty. Specifically, the bill, now usually referred to as the Toleration Act, granted freedom of conscience to all Christians. (The colony which Passage-1 Title: Maryland Toleration Act Content: for religious liberty." Maryland Toleration Act The Maryland Toleration Act, also known as the Act Concerning Religion, was a law mandating religious tolerance for Trinitarian Christians. It was passed on April 21, 1649, by the assembly of the Maryland colony, in St. Mary's City. It was the second law requiring religious tolerance in the British North American colonies and created one of the pioneer statutes passed by the legislative body of an organized colonial government to guarantee any degree of religious liberty. Specifically, the bill, now usually referred to as the Toleration Act, granted freedom of conscience to all Christians. Passage-2 Title: Maryland Toleration Act Content: became Rhode Island passed a series of laws, the first in 1636, which prohibited religious persecution including against non-Trinitarians; Rhode Island was also the first government to separate church and state.) Historians argue that it helped inspire later legal protections for freedom of religion in the United States. The Calvert family, who founded Maryland partly as a refuge for English Catholics, sought enactment of the law to protect Catholic settlers and those of other religions that did not conform to the dominant Anglicanism of Britain and her colonies. The Act allowed freedom of worship for all Trinitarian Christians in Maryland, Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who was the maryland act of toleration trying to protect

Trinitarian Christians

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Korean War Content: Korean War The Korean War (in South Korean , "Korean War"; in North Korean , "Fatherland: Liberation War"; 25 June 1950 – 27 July 1953) was a war between North Korea (with the support of China and the Soviet Union) and South Korea (with the principal support of the United States). The war began on 25 June 1950 when North Korea invaded South Korea following a series of clashes along the border. As a product of the Cold War between the Soviet Union and the United States, Korea had been split into two sovereign states. Both governments claimed to be Passage-1 Title: Korean reunification Content: Korean War, which ended in stalemate in 1953. Since the end of the Korean War, reunification has become more of a challenge as the two countries have become increasingly politically and economically divergent. However, in the late 2010s, relations between North and South Korea have warmed somewhat, beginning with North Korea's participation in the 2018 Winter Olympics in South Korea. The current division of the Korean Peninsula is the result of decisions taken at the end of World War II. In 1910, the Empire of Japan annexed Korea, and ruled over it until its defeat in World War II. The Passage-2 Title: North Korea Content: in 1968, 1974 and the Rangoon bombing in 1983; tunnels were found under the DMZ and tensions flared over the axe murder incident at Panmunjom in 1976. For almost two decades after the war, the two states did not seek to negotiate with one another. In 1971, secret, high-level contacts began to be conducted culminating in the 1972 July 4th North-South Joint Statement that established principles of working toward peaceful reunification. The talks ultimately failed because in 1973, South Korea declared its preference that the two Koreas should seek separate memberships in international organizations. During the 1956 August Faction Incident, Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: when did north korea split from south korea

1953

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Subnautica Content: Subnautica Subnautica is an open world survival adventure game developed and published by Unknown Worlds Entertainment. It allows the player to freely explore the ocean on an alien planet, known as planet 4546B, collecting unique resources to survive. "Subnautica" was first released in early access for Microsoft Windows in December 2014, Mac OS X in June 2015, and for Xbox One in May 2016. The full release out of early access was in January 2018, exclusively for PC on Steam, with the versions for the Xbox One and PlayStation 4 on December 4, 2018. "Subnautica" has a confirmed standalone expansion Passage-1 Title: Subnautica Content: as " ...terraformer breaks the feel of the world (you can destroy it completely). It also works against the idea of gating, because you can just dig your way anywhere." "Subnautica" was released on Steam Early Access on December 16, 2014, and was in early access development until January 23, 2018. It was released on Xbox One Preview on May 17, 2016. The complete version of "Subnautica" was released on January 23, 2018 for Steam. The game received a positive pre-release reception. Ian Birnbaum of "PC Gamer" described "Subnautica" as an "underwater "Minecraft"", remarking that "with an experienced developer at Passage-2 Title: Subnautica Content: 100 based on 27 reviews for the Windows version. The Steam version of the game holds a very positive reception with the game still holding a 'very positive' overall review and a 'overwhelmingly positive' recent reviews section even 9 months after the full release of the game. Subnautica Subnautica is an open world survival adventure game developed and published by Unknown Worlds Entertainment. It allows the player to freely explore the ocean on an alien planet, known as planet 4546B, collecting unique resources to survive. "Subnautica" was first released in early access for Microsoft Windows in December 2014, Mac OS Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: when is subnautica coming out of early access

January 2018

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Sand Creek massacre Content: Sand Creek massacre The Sand Creek Massacre (also known as the Chivington Massacre, the Battle of Sand Creek or the Massacre of Cheyenne Indians) was a massacre of Cheyenne and Arapaho people by the U.S. Army in the American Indian Wars that occurred on November 29, 1864, when a 675-man force of Colorado U.S. Volunteer Cavalry under the command of U.S. Army Colonel John Chivington attacked and destroyed a village of Cheyenne and Arapaho people in southeastern Colorado Territory, killing and mutilating an estimated 70–500 Native Americans, about two-thirds of whom were women and children. The location has been designated Passage-1 Title: Sand Creek massacre Content: distraught widow, who confronts Caster. Sand Creek massacre The Sand Creek Massacre (also known as the Chivington Massacre, the Battle of Sand Creek or the Massacre of Cheyenne Indians) was a massacre of Cheyenne and Arapaho people by the U.S. Army in the American Indian Wars that occurred on November 29, 1864, when a 675-man force of Colorado U.S. Volunteer Cavalry under the command of U.S. Army Colonel John Chivington attacked and destroyed a village of Cheyenne and Arapaho people in southeastern Colorado Territory, killing and mutilating an estimated 70–500 Native Americans, about two-thirds of whom were women and children. Passage-2 Title: Sand Creek massacre Content: detachment under Lieutenant George S. Eayre crossed into Kansas and encountered Cheyenne in their summer buffalo-hunting camp at Big Bushes, near the Smoky Hill River. Cheyenne chiefs Lean Bear and Star approached the soldiers to signal their peaceful intent, but they were shot down by Eayre's troops. This incident touched off a war of retaliation by the Cheyenne in Kansas. As the conflict between the Indians and settlers and soldiers in Colorado continued, many of the Cheyenne and Arapaho, including bands under Cheyenne chiefs Black Kettle and White Antelope, were resigned to negotiating a peace, despite pressures from the soldiers Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who was the cheyenne leader whose village was attacked by american soldiers at sand creek

Black Kettle

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Robert Sean Leonard Content: Gabriella Salick since 2008. They have two daughters: Eleanor (born 2009) and Claudia (born 2012). Robert Sean Leonard Robert Lawrence Leonard (born February 28, 1969), better known by his stage name Robert Sean Leonard, is an American actor. He is known for playing Dr. James Wilson in the television series "House" (2004–2012) and Neil Perry in the film "Dead Poets Society". Leonard won a Tony Award for Best Featured Actor in a Play for his performance in "The Invention of Love" in 2001. His other Broadway credits include "Candida", "Long Day's Journey Into Night", "Breaking the Code", "The Speed of Passage-1 Title: Dead Poets Society Content: voted as the 95th greatest movie quote by the American Film Institute. After Robin Williams' death in August 2014, fans of his work used social media to pay tribute to him with photo and video reenactments of the film's final "O Captain! My Captain!" scene. Nancy H. Kleinbaum's novel, "Dead Poets Society" (1989), is based on the movie. A theatrical adaptation written by Tom Schulman and directed by John Doyle opened Off-Broadway on October 27, 2016, and running through December 11, 2016. Jason Sudeikis stars as John Keating with Thomas Mann as Neil Perry, David Garrison as Gale Nolan, Zane Passage-2 Title: Robert Sean Leonard Content: Robert Sean Leonard Robert Lawrence Leonard (born February 28, 1969), better known by his stage name Robert Sean Leonard, is an American actor. He is known for playing Dr. James Wilson in the television series "House" (2004–2012) and Neil Perry in the film "Dead Poets Society". Leonard won a Tony Award for Best Featured Actor in a Play for his performance in "The Invention of Love" in 2001. His other Broadway credits include "Candida", "Long Day's Journey Into Night", "Breaking the Code", "The Speed of Darkness", "Philadelphia, Here I Come!", "Arcadia", "The Music Man", "Born Yesterday", and "To Kill a Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who plays neil in the dead poets society

Robert Sean Leonard

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Sterling Holloway Content: Sterling Holloway Sterling Price Holloway Jr. (January 4, 1905 – November 22, 1992) was an American character actor and voice actor who appeared in over 100 films and 40 television shows. He was also a voice actor for The Walt Disney Company, well known for his distinctive tenor voice, and served as the original voice of the title character in Walt Disney's "Winnie the Pooh". Born in Cedartown, Georgia, Holloway was named after his father, Sterling Price Holloway, who, in turn, was named after a prominent Confederate general, Sterling "Pap" Price. His mother was Rebecca DeHaven Boothby. He had a Passage-1 Title: Winnie the Pooh (Disney character) Content: Winnie the Pooh (Disney character) Winnie the Pooh is a fictional teddy bear and the title character from the Disney media franchise based on A. A. Milne's "Winnie-the-Pooh" (1926) and "The House at Pooh Corner" (1928). Pooh is one of the most popular Disney characters and was included in TV Guide's list of the 50 greatest cartoon characters of all time in 2002 and also has his own star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. Disney's Pooh was originally voiced by Sterling Holloway (1966–1977) in three featurettes that were later used as segments in "The Many Adventures of Winnie the Passage-2 Title: Winnie-the-Pooh Content: published in 1958, and, in 1960, became the only Latin book ever to have been featured on "The New York Times" Best Seller list. Hyphens in the character's name were omitted by Disney when the company adapted the Pooh stories into a series of features that would eventually become one of its most successful franchises. In popular film adaptations, Pooh has been voiced by actors Sterling Holloway, Hal Smith, and Jim Cummings in English, and Yevgeny Leonov in Russian. A. A. Milne named the character Winnie-the-Pooh after a teddy bear owned by his son, Christopher Robin Milne, on whom the Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who is the original winnie the pooh voice

Sterling Price Holloway Jr.

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Broad River (Carolinas) Content: Broad River (Carolinas) The Broad River is a principal tributary of the Congaree River, about 150 miles (240 km) long, in western North Carolina and northern South Carolina in the United States. Via the Congaree, it is part of the watershed of the Santee River, which flows to the Atlantic Ocean. The Broad River originates in the Blue Ridge Mountains of eastern Buncombe County, North Carolina and flows generally south-southeastwardly, through or along the boundaries of Rutherford, Polk and Cleveland Counties in North Carolina; and Cherokee, York, Union, Chester, Fairfield, Newberry and Richland Counties in South Carolina. In North Carolina, Passage-1 Title: Broad River (Georgia) Content: Broad River (Georgia) The Broad River is a tributary of the Savannah River in northeastern Georgia. The North Fork of the Broad River begins in the foothills of the Appalachian Mountains in Stephens County, then joins the Middle Fork west of Royston in Franklin County to form the main stem. The Broad River continues south, being joined by the Hudson River flowing from the west out of Franklin County. The Broad was used for reference as the county line between Madison and Elbert counties as it turns southeast. Below Carlton, the South Fork Broad River joins the Broad River from Passage-2 Title: Broad River (Carolinas) Content: the river is dammed to form Lake Lure; in South Carolina it passes through the Sumter National Forest and the communities of Cherokee Falls and Lockhart before joining the Saluda River to form the Congaree River in the city of Columbia. Principal tributaries of the Broad River include the Green, Second Broad and First Broad Rivers in North Carolina ; and the Bowens, Pacolet, Sandy, Tyger, Enoree and Little Rivers in South Carolina. This is an incomplete list of dams starting at Lake Lure and moving downstream North Carolina South Carolina The Broad River is crossed several times by many Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: where does the broad river start and end

the Atlantic Ocean

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Basque Country (greater region) Content: Basque Country (greater region) The Basque Country (; ; ) is the name given to the home of the Basque people. The Basque country is located in the western Pyrenees, straddling the border between France and Spain on the coast of the Bay of Biscay. "Euskal Herria" is the oldest documented Basque name for the area they inhabit, dating from the 16th century. It comprises the Autonomous Communities of the Basque Country and Navarre in Spain and the Northern Basque Country in France. The region is home to the Basque people (), their language (), culture and traditions. The area Passage-1 Title: Basque Country (greater region) Content: competitions with points awarded for specific criteria such as time, precision, elegance and productivity. Basque Country (greater region) The Basque Country (; ; ) is the name given to the home of the Basque people. The Basque country is located in the western Pyrenees, straddling the border between France and Spain on the coast of the Bay of Biscay. "Euskal Herria" is the oldest documented Basque name for the area they inhabit, dating from the 16th century. It comprises the Autonomous Communities of the Basque Country and Navarre in Spain and the Northern Basque Country in France. The region is Passage-2 Title: Basques Content: Basques The Basques ( or ; ; ; ) are an indigenous ethnic group characterised by the Basque language, a common culture and shared ancestry to the ancient Vascones and Aquitanians. Basques are indigenous to and primarily inhabit an area traditionally known as the Basque Country (), a region that is located around the western end of the Pyrenees on the coast of the Bay of Biscay and straddles parts of north-central Spain and south-western France. The English word "Basque" may be pronounced or and derives from the French "Basque" (), which is derived from Gascon "Basco" (pronounced ), cognate Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: what part of spain is the basque region

in the western Pyrenees

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: The Young and the Restless characters (1970s) Content: returned from being held captive by and falling in love with a man named Felipe, she divorced Derek. Derek had a friendly reunion with both Jill, who informed him she had gotten married, and Kay, who had just recently had a face-lift, when he appeared at the wedding of Victor Newman and Nikki Reed in 1984. Dr. Cassandra "Casey" Reed first appeared in March 1978 and was portrayed by Roberta Leighton. The character is better known as the older sister of longtime Genoa City resident Nikki Newman. Originally a main character with the actress on contract, Leighton later moved to Passage-1 Title: The Young and the Restless characters (2014) Content: also threatens to report Leslie for revealing his secret if she doesn't file a lawsuit against Nikki. The lawsuit ends up happening and goes to court, where Nikki is forced to read a diary she kept while in Ian's cult. Mariah Copeland (Camryn Grimes), who had been shown to have been linked with Ian somehow, was later revealed to be Sharon Newman's (Sharon Case) daughter, Cassie Newman's twin sister who was stolen at birth by Ian. After Mariah had revealed that he had been a father figure to her all her life, Ian later kidnaps her, drugs her and marries Passage-2 Title: The Young and the Restless characters (1970s) Content: recurring status. Her most recent appearance was in April 1998. History<br> Dr. Casey Reed is Nikki Reed's older sister. Casey takes a job at Snapper Foster's medical clinic in 1978. Snapper falls in love with Casey after he separates from his wife, Chris Brooks Foster. Casey and Snapper's relationship is troubled from the start because Casey suffers from a fear of sex and she is also worried about her younger sister, Nikki, who is a promiscuous teenager. When Nikki and Casey's mother is killed in a car crash, their father, Nick Reed, returns to Genoa City. Seeing her father again, Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: nikki's sister on young and the restless

Casey

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Cape Route Content: Cape Route The European-Asian sea route, also known as the sea route to India or the Cape Route is a shipping route from European coast of the Atlantic Ocean to Asia's coast of the Indian Ocean passing by the Cape of Good Hope and Cape Agulhas at the southern edge of Africa. The first recorded completion of the route was made in 1498 by Portuguese explorer Vasco da Gama. The route was important during the Age of Sail, but became partly obsolete as the Suez Canal opened in 1869. Scholars of classical antiquity disagreed whether the Atlantic was connected to Passage-1 Title: Cape Route Content: trade, and gave the Europeans incentives to find a sea route. Portuguese explorer Diogo Cão explored the African coast south to present-day Namibia, and Bartolomeu Dias found the Cape of Good Hope in 1488. Vasco da Gama led an exhibition which led to the Portuguese discovery of the sea route to India in 1498, and a series of expeditions known as the Carreira da Índia. Since then, the Cape Route has been in use. Christopher Columbus sought to find a sea route through India westwards, but instead found the way to the Americas. These expeditions marked the beginning of the Passage-2 Title: Cape of Good Hope Content: This knowledge, together with the map depiction of the African continent, probably encouraged the Portuguese to intensify their effort to round the tip of Africa. In the Early Modern Era, the first European to reach the cape was the Portuguese explorer Bartolomeu Dias on 12 March 1488, who named it the "Cape of Storms" ("Cabo das Tormentas"). It was later renamed by John II of Portugal as "Cape of Good Hope" ("Cabo da Boa Esperança") because of the great optimism engendered by the opening of a sea route to India and the East. The Khoikhoi people lived in the cape Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who discovered sea route to india via the cape of good hope

Portuguese explorer Vasco da Gama

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Southeast Asia Content: region of the Papua and West Papua, which shares the island of New Guinea with Papua New Guinea. The climate in Southeast Asia is mainly tropical–hot and humid all year round with plentiful rainfall. Northern Vietnam and the Myanmar Himalayas are the only regions in Southeast Asia that feature a subtropical climate, which has a cold winter with snow. The majority of Southeast Asia has a wet and dry season caused by seasonal shift in winds or monsoon. The tropical rain belt causes additional rainfall during the monsoon season. The rain forest is the second largest on earth (with the Passage-1 Title: South Asia Content: in the plains down below. For most part, the climate of the region is called the Monsoon climate, which keeps the region humid during summer and dry during winter, and favours the cultivation of jute, tea, rice, and various vegetables in this region. South Asia is largely divided into four broad climate zones: Maximum relative humidity of over 80% has been recorded in Khasi and Jaintia Hills and Sri Lanka, while the area adjustment to Pakistan and western India records lower than 20%–30%. Climate of South Asia is largely characterized by monsoons. South Asia depends critically on monsoon rainfall. Two Passage-2 Title: Climate of Asia Content: Climate of Asia The Climate of Asia is wet across southeast sections, and dry across much of the interior. Some of the largest daily temperature ranges on Earth occur in western sections of Asia. The monsoon circulation dominates across southern and eastern sections, due to the presence of the Himalayas forcing the formation of a thermal low which draws in moisture during the summer. Southwestern sections of the continent experience low relief as a result of the subtropical high pressure belt; they are hot in the summer, warm to cool in winter, and may snow at higher altitudes. Siberia is Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: what is the climate in south east asia

mainly tropical–hot

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Bachelor of Business Administration Content: for business or Calculus 101, and business- or general-statistics. The B.S.B.A., Bachelor of Science in Business Administration, is a quantitative variant on the BBA. General educational requirements are relatively mathematics intensive; further, the general focus may also be more analytic, often allowing additional quantitative optional coursework. Particularly in the United States, undergraduate Business Administration programs may be accredited, thus indicating that the school's educational curriculum meets specific quality standards. Bachelor of Business Administration The Bachelor of Business Administration (BBA or B.B.A.) is a bachelor's degree in commerce and business administration. In the United States, the degree is conferred after four Passage-1 Title: Bachelor of Business Administration Content: Bachelor of Business Administration The Bachelor of Business Administration (BBA or B.B.A.) is a bachelor's degree in commerce and business administration. In the United States, the degree is conferred after four years of full-time study in one or more areas of business concentrations. In Europe, the degree is conferred after three years of full-time study in one or more areas of business concentrations. The BBA program usually includes general business courses and advanced courses for specific concentrations. The degree is designed to give a broad knowledge of the functional aspects of a company and their interconnection, while also allowing specialization Passage-2 Title: Bachelor of Science Content: Bachelor of Science A Bachelor of Science (Latin ', B.S., BS, B.Sc., BSc, or B.Sc; or, less commonly, S.B., SB, or Sc.B., from the equivalent Latin ') is an undergraduate academic degree awarded for completed courses that generally last three to five years, or a person holding such a degree. Whether a student of a particular subject is awarded a Bachelor of Science degree or a Bachelor of Arts degree can vary between universities. For example, an economics degree may be given as a Bachelor of Arts (BA) by one university but as a BS by another, and some universities Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: is a business major a ba or bs

BBA

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Friday the 13th: The Game Content: his own strengths and weaknesses and many also have different weapons. Additionally, players have the option of selecting Roy Burns, the Jason copycat killer from the . There are fourteen playable counselors in the game, each of whom have their own strengths and weaknesses. Original counselors created for the game are A.J. Mason (Marisha Ray), Adam Palomino (Robbie Daymond), Brandon "Buggzy" Wilson (Zeno Robinson), Chad Kensington (Benjamin Diskin), Deborah Kim (Cristina Vee), Eric "J.R." LaChappa (Benjamin Diskin), Jenny Myers (Kristina Klebe), Kenny Riedell (Robbie Daymond), Mitch Floyd (Kirk Thornton), Tiffany Cox (Cherami Leigh), Vanessa Jones (Noveen Crumbie), and Victoria Sterling Passage-1 Title: Friday the 13th (1980 film) Content: Friday the 13th (1980 film) Friday the 13th is a 1980 American slasher film produced and directed by Sean S. Cunningham, and written by Victor Miller. It stars Betsy Palmer, Adrienne King, Harry Crosby, Laurie Bartram, Kevin Bacon, Jeannine Taylor, Mark Nelson, and Robbi Morgan. The film tells the story of a group of teenage camp counselors who are murdered one by one by an unknown killer while attempting to re-open an abandoned summer camp. Prompted by the success of John Carpenter's "Halloween" (1978), director Cunningham put out an advertisement to sell the film in "Variety" in early 1979, while Passage-2 Title: Friday the 13th: The Game Content: Friday the 13th: The Game Friday the 13th: The Game is a survival horror video game formerly developed by IllFonic, and published by Gun Media. It is based on the film franchise of the same name. It was released on May 26, 2017 as a digital release and later released on October 13, 2017 as a physical release for Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 4, and Xbox One. The game is an asymmetrical multiplayer game, pitting up to seven players controlling Camp Crystal Lake counselors against one player controlling Jason Voorhees. It is a semi-open world game, with players able to explore Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: how old are the counselors in friday the 13th

teenage

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Rover V8 engine Content: Rover V8 engine The Rover V8 engine is a compact V8 internal combustion engine with aluminium cylinder heads and cylinder block, originally designed by General Motors and later re-designed and produced by Rover in the United Kingdom. It has been used in a wide range of vehicles from Rover and other manufacturers since its British debut in 1967. The Rover V8 began life as the Buick 215, an all-aluminium OHV pushrod engine introduced in 1960 for the 1961 US model year (it was on their drawing boards in the late 1950s). The compact, all aluminium alloy engine was light, at Passage-1 Title: Firing order Content: with crankshaft design (see crossplane). As an example, the Chevrolet Small-Block engine has cylinders 1-3-5-7 on the left hand side of the car, and 2-4-6-8 on the other side, and uses a firing order of 1-8-4-3-6-5-7-2. Note that the order alternates irregularly between the left and right banks; this is what causes the 'burbling' sound of this type of engine. In most Audi and Ford V8 engines cylinders 1-2-3-4 are on the right hand side of the car, with 5-6-7-8 are on the left. Likewise, the firing pattern is the same for Chevrolet & Chrysler V8 engines with a firing Passage-2 Title: V8 engine Content: bodyshell. The 4.5 L was used in the Daimler Majestic Major, (1959–1968). Jaguar introduced its first V8 engine, the AJ-V8, in 1996. It has been developed and updated in a variety of capacities from (marketed as a 3.2 L) to . It is fitted with variable valve timing and, more recently, direct injection. The , , and engines are available with the option of supercharging for top specification models. The AJ-V8 featured on Ward's 10 Best Engines list in 2000. It has been used Jaguar's recent executive, luxury and sports cars where it replaced both the AJ6 and V12 units. Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: where is the number 6 cylinder on a ford v8

on the left

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Brihadisvara Temple, Gangaikonda Cholapuram Content: Brihadisvara Temple, Gangaikonda Cholapuram Brihadisvara Temple at Gangaikonda Cholapuram is a Hindu temple dedicated to Shiva in Gangaikonda Cholapuram, Ariyalur district, in the South Indian state of Tamil Nadu. Completed in 1035 AD by Rajendra Chola I as a part of his new capital, this Chola dynasty era temple is similar in design, and has a similar name, as the older 11th century, Brihadeeswarar Temple about to the southwest in Thanjavur. The Gangaikonda Cholapuram Temple is smaller yet more refined than the Thanjavur Temple. Both are among the largest temples in South India and examples of Dravidian style temples. The Passage-1 Title: Brihadisvara Temple, Thanjavur Content: Brihadisvara Temple, Thanjavur Brihadishvara Temple, also called Rajarajesvaram or Peruvudaiyar Koyil, is a Hindu temple dedicated to Shiva located in Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India. It is one of the largest South Indian temples and an exemplary example of a fully realized Dravidian architecture. It is called as "Dhakshina Meru"(Meru of south). Built by Raja Raja Chola I between 1003 and 1010 AD, the temple is a part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site known as the "Great Living Chola Temples", along with the Chola dynasty era Gangaikonda Cholapuram temple and Airavatesvara temple that are about and to its northeast respectively. Passage-2 Title: Pancharanga Kshetrams Content: about in length with width varying from with a height of from the floor to the ceiling. The total area covered by the temple precincts measures x. Red and gray granite and sienite have been used in pavements, stairways and lower part of walls. The temple has decorations of carved griffins, idols of gods and men and animals (tigers). The space between the walls of the temple complex has the well planned complete city of Srirangam with roads and houses. It is stated to be the largest temple in South India. Vaikunta Ekadashi festival is an important event in the Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: which is the biggest temple in south india

Sri Ranganathaswamy Temple, Srirangam

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: The Duchess (film) Content: The Duchess (film) The Duchess is a 2008 British drama film directed by Saul Dibb. It is based on Amanda Foreman's biography of the late 18th-century English aristocrat Georgiana Cavendish, Duchess of Devonshire. It was released in September 2008 in the United Kingdom. The film received the Academy Award for Best Costume Design at the 81st ceremony in 2009. The film costumer was Michael O'Connor. The young Georgiana is contracted in marriage to William Cavendish, Duke of Devonshire, with the expectation that she produce his male heir. Georgiana is quickly disillusioned by her husband, especially when Charlotte, a motherless child, Passage-1 Title: The Duchess (film) Content: Duchess" "an excellent new film" and states that ""The Duchess" stands a good chance of taking home some very big prizes at the end of the year". The Duchess (film) The Duchess is a 2008 British drama film directed by Saul Dibb. It is based on Amanda Foreman's biography of the late 18th-century English aristocrat Georgiana Cavendish, Duchess of Devonshire. It was released in September 2008 in the United Kingdom. The film received the Academy Award for Best Costume Design at the 81st ceremony in 2009. The film costumer was Michael O'Connor. The young Georgiana is contracted in marriage to Passage-2 Title: Keira Knightley Content: prior to being told by Maybury to sing live. Knightley initially felt embarrassed while singing live: "I was shaking like a leaf", but eventually went through with the plan. Upon release, the film became a moderate critical and commercial success. Knightley's performance and singing abilities were praised by such film citics as Ray Bennett who wrote; "the film belongs to the women, with Knightley going from strength to strength (and showing she can sing!)". Knightley then starred as the 18th-century English aristocrat Georgiana Cavendish, Duchess of Devonshire in Saul Dibb's widely praised period drama "The Duchess" (2008), based on the Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who played the title role in the 2008 film the duchess

Keira Knightley

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Baka (Japanese word) Content: Baka (Japanese word) Baka (馬鹿, ばか, or バカ) means "fool; idiot", or (as an adjectival noun) "foolish" and is the most frequently used pejorative term in the Japanese language. This word "baka" has a long history, an uncertain etymology (possibly from Sanskrit or Classical Chinese), and linguistic complexities. The modern Japanese writing system transcribes the insult "baka" as バカ in katakana, ばか in hiragana, or 馬鹿 (lit. "horse deer") in ateji phonetic kanji transcription; earlier "ateji" renderings included 莫迦, 母嫁, 馬嫁, or 破家. The first written usages of "baka" were during the Nanboku-chō period (1336–1392), when the "Northern and Southern Passage-1 Title: Baka (Japanese word) Content: and Summoned Creatures"). During World War II, "baka" was American military slang for the Japanese Ohka 櫻花 (lit. "Cherry Blossom") kamikaze flying bomb. The earliest recorded usage was in "Newsweek" on May 7, 1945, "American forces have officially designated this bomb as 'baka', baka being Japanese for foolish, silly, or stupid." Baka (Japanese word) Baka (馬鹿, ばか, or バカ) means "fool; idiot", or (as an adjectival noun) "foolish" and is the most frequently used pejorative term in the Japanese language. This word "baka" has a long history, an uncertain etymology (possibly from Sanskrit or Classical Chinese), and linguistic complexities. The Passage-2 Title: Baka (Japanese word) Content: that "baka" originated as a Chinese literary "allusion to a historical fool", the Qin Dynasty traitor Zhao Gao (d. 207 BCE) from the "Records of the Grand Historian". This etymology first appears in the (c. 1548) "Unbo irohashu" 運歩色葉集 dictionary, which glosses "baka" 馬鹿 as meaning "指鹿曰馬" "point at a deer and say horse". Namely, the Chinese idiom "zhǐlù-wéimǎ" 指鹿為馬 (lit. "point at a deer and call it a horse", Japanese 鹿を指して馬となす "shika o sashite uma to nasu") meaning "deliberate misrepresentation for ulterior purposes". Zhao was an infamous minister who served the first emperor Qin Shi Huang (r. 246-221 BCE) Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: what is the meaning of baka in japanese

"fool; idiot"

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Much Too Young (To Feel This Damn Old) Content: Much Too Young (To Feel This Damn Old) "Much Too Young (To Feel This Damn Old)" is a debut single recorded by American country music artist Garth Brooks. It was released in March 1989 as the first single from his self-titled debut album. It was also featured on "The Garth Brooks Collection", "The Hits" and "The Ultimate Hits". It was co-written by Garth Brooks and Randy Taylor. In the U.S., the song peaked at #8 on the "Billboard" Hot Country Songs chart. This song is about a rodeo cowboy who has been competing for years and just doesn't have the Passage-1 Title: Much Too Young (To Feel This Damn Old) Content: notes from "The Hits": "'Much Too Young' will always be my sentimental favorite because it was my very first single. It was a baby that I watched grow up. Whenever I hear it today, I have a smile on my face. It want to give a big thanks to Randy Taylor and Chris LeDoux. Randy was the writer and Chris was probably the reason that it was played. Hey Chris, Randy and I decided that we owe you a beer, pal." A music video was not made at the time of the song's release. A video that was included on Passage-2 Title: Much Too Young (To Feel This Damn Old) Content: "The Ultimate Hits" Collection featured an overdubbed and edited performance of the song for the 15th season of "Austin City Limits" in 1990. "Much Too Young" debuted at number 94 on Billboard's Country Singles chart on March 25, 1989. It peaked at number 8 on that chart on July 15, 1989. Much Too Young (To Feel This Damn Old) "Much Too Young (To Feel This Damn Old)" is a debut single recorded by American country music artist Garth Brooks. It was released in March 1989 as the first single from his self-titled debut album. It was also featured on "The Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who wrote much too young to feel this damn old

Garth Brooks

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Long Island Content: State of New York. As of 2017, the proportion of New York City residents living on Long Island had risen to 58%, given the 5,007,353 residents living in Brooklyn or Queens. Furthermore, the proportion of New York State's population residing on Long Island has also been increasing, with Long Island's Census-estimated population increasing 4.0% since 2010, to 7,869,820 in 2017, representing 39.6% of New York State's Census-estimated 2017 population of 19,849,399 and with a population density of on Long Island. Long Island's population is greater than 37 of the 50 U.S. states. As of the 2010 census, the combined population Passage-1 Title: Long Island Content: of 1,401 square miles (3,630 km), Long Island is the 11th-largest island in the United States and the 149th-largest island in the world—larger than the of the smallest U.S. state, Rhode Island. With a Census-estimated population of 7,869,820 in 2017, constituting nearly 40% of New York State's population, Long Island is the most populated island in any U.S. state or territory, and the 18th-most populous island in the world (ahead of Ireland, Jamaica, and Hokkaidō). Its population density is . If Long Island geographically constituted an independent metropolitan statistical area, it would rank fourth most populous in the United States; Passage-2 Title: New York metropolitan area Content: Island" (or "The Island") exclusively to refer to the Nassau-Suffolk county area collectively, which is mainly suburban in character. North of the island is Long Island Sound, across which are the states of Connecticut and Rhode Island. With a Census-estimated population of 7,838,722 in 2015, constituting nearly 40% of New York State's population, the majority of New York City residents, 58% as of 2015, now live on Long Island, namely the estimated 4,896,398 residents living in the New York City boroughs of Brooklyn and Queens. Long Island is the most populated island in any U.S. state or territory, and the Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: what is the population of long island new york

7,869,820