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In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease.
### Input Text: A spectrum of different mutations has been reported in this disease , one missense mutation ( Cys163Ser ) being responsible for the majority of Finnish cases .
### Output Text: | A spectrum of different mutations has been reported in this disease , one missense mutation ( Cys163Ser ) being responsible for the majority of Finnish cases . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease.
### Input Text: We were able to examine 66 Finnish AGU patients for changes in the oral mucosa and 44 of these for changes in facial skin .
### Output Text: | We were able to examine 66 Finnish <span class="disease">AGU</span> patients for changes in the oral mucosa and 44 of these for changes in facial skin . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease.
### Input Text: Biopsy specimens of 16 oral lesions , 12 of them associated with the teeth , plus two facial lesions were studied histologically .
### Output Text: | Biopsy specimens of 16 oral lesions , 12 of them associated with the teeth , plus two <span class="disease">facial lesions</span> were studied histologically . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease.
### Input Text: Immunohistochemical staining for AGA was performed on 15 oral specimens .
### Output Text: | Immunohistochemical staining for AGA was performed on 15 oral specimens . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease.
### Input Text: Skin was seborrhoeic in adolescent and adult patients , with erythema of the facial skin already common in childhood .
### Output Text: | Skin was seborrhoeic in adolescent and adult patients , with <span class="disease">erythema of the facial skin</span> already common in childhood . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease.
### Input Text: Of 44 patients , nine ( 20 % ) had facial angiofibromas , tumours primarily occurring in association with tuberous sclerosis .
### Output Text: | Of 44 patients , nine ( 20 % ) had <span class="disease">facial angiofibromas</span> , <span class="disease">tumours</span> primarily occurring in association with <span class="disease">tuberous sclerosis</span> . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease.
### Input Text: Oedemic buccal mucosa ( leucoedema ) and gingival overgrowths were more frequent in AGU patients than in controls ( p < 0 . 001 ) .
### Output Text: | <span class="disease">Oedemic buccal mucosa</span> ( <span class="disease">leucoedema</span> ) and <span class="disease">gingival overgrowths</span> were more frequent in <span class="disease">AGU</span> patients than in controls ( p < 0 . 001 ) . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease.
### Input Text: Of 16 oral mucosal lesions studied histologically , 15 represented fibroepithelial or epithelial hyperplasias and were reactive in nature .
### Output Text: | Of 16 <span class="disease">oral mucosal lesions</span> studied histologically , 15 represented <span class="disease">fibroepithelial or epithelial hyperplasias</span> and were reactive in nature . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease.
### Input Text: Cytoplasmic vacuolisation was evident in four .
### Output Text: | Cytoplasmic vacuolisation was evident in four . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease.
### Input Text: Immunohistochemically , expression of AGA in AGU patients mucosal lesions did not differ from that seen in corresponding lesions of normal subjects .
### Output Text: | Immunohistochemically , expression of AGA in <span class="disease">AGU</span> patients <span class="disease">mucosal lesions</span> did not differ from that seen in corresponding lesions of normal subjects . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease.
### Input Text: Thus , the high frequency of mucosal overgrowth in AGU patients does not appear to be directly associated with lysosomal storage or with alterations in the level of AGA expression .
### Output Text: | Thus , the high frequency of <span class="disease">mucosal overgrowth</span> in <span class="disease">AGU</span> patients does not appear to be directly associated with lysosomal storage or with alterations in the level of AGA expression . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease.
### Input Text: Characterization of a germline mosaicism in families with Lowe syndrome , and identification of seven novel mutations in the OCRL1 gene .
### Output Text: | Characterization of a germline mosaicism in families with <span class="disease">Lowe syndrome</span> , and identification of seven novel mutations in the OCRL1 gene . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease.
### Input Text: The oculocerebrorenal syndrome of Lowe ( OCRL ) is an X - linked disorder characterized by major abnormalities of eyes , nervous system , and kidneys .
### Output Text: | The <span class="disease">oculocerebrorenal syndrome of Lowe</span> ( <span class="disease">OCRL</span> ) is an <span class="disease">X - linked disorder</span> characterized by major <span class="disease">abnormalities of eyes , nervous system , and kidneys</span> . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease.
### Input Text: Mutations in the OCRL1 gene have been associated with the disease .
### Output Text: | Mutations in the OCRL1 gene have been associated with the disease . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease.
### Input Text: OCRL1 encodes a phosphatidylinositol 4 , 5 - biphosphate ( PtdIns [ 4 , 5 ] P2 ) 5 - phosphatase .
### Output Text: | OCRL1 encodes a phosphatidylinositol 4 , 5 - biphosphate ( PtdIns [ 4 , 5 ] P2 ) 5 - phosphatase . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease.
### Input Text: We have examined the OCRL1 gene in eight unrelated patients with OCRL and have found seven new mutations and one recurrent in - frame deletion .
### Output Text: | We have examined the OCRL1 gene in eight unrelated patients with <span class="disease">OCRL</span> and have found seven new mutations and one recurrent in - frame deletion . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease.
### Input Text: Among the new mutations , two nonsense mutations ( R317X and E558X ) and three other frameshift mutations caused premature termination of the protein .
### Output Text: | Among the new mutations , two nonsense mutations ( R317X and E558X ) and three other frameshift mutations caused premature termination of the protein . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease.
### Input Text: A missense mutation , R483G , was located in the highly conserved PtdIns ( 4 , 5 ) P2 5 - phosphatase domain .
### Output Text: | A missense mutation , R483G , was located in the highly conserved PtdIns ( 4 , 5 ) P2 5 - phosphatase domain . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease.
### Input Text: Finally , one frameshift mutation , 2799delC , modifies the C - terminal part of OCRL1 , with an extension of six amino acids .
### Output Text: | Finally , one frameshift mutation , 2799delC , modifies the C - terminal part of OCRL1 , with an extension of six amino acids . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease.
### Input Text: Altogether , 70 % of missense mutations are located in exon 15 , and 52 % of all mutations cluster in exons 11 - 15 .
### Output Text: | Altogether , 70 % of missense mutations are located in exon 15 , and 52 % of all mutations cluster in exons 11 - 15 . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease.
### Input Text: We also identified two new microsatellite markers for the OCRL1 locus , and we detected a germline mosaicism in one family .
### Output Text: | We also identified two new microsatellite markers for the OCRL1 locus , and we detected a germline mosaicism in one family . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease.
### Input Text: This observation has direct implications for genetic counseling of Lowe syndrome families . .
### Output Text: | This observation has direct implications for genetic counseling of <span class="disease">Lowe syndrome</span> families . . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease.
### Input Text: MEFV - Gene analysis in armenian patients with Familial Mediterranean fever : diagnostic value and unfavorable renal prognosis of the M694V homozygous genotype - genetic and therapeutic implications .
### Output Text: | MEFV - Gene analysis in armenian patients with <span class="disease">Familial Mediterranean fever</span> : diagnostic value and unfavorable renal prognosis of the M694V homozygous genotype - genetic and therapeutic implications . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease.
### Input Text: Familial Mediterranean fever ( FMF ) is a recessively inherited disorder that is common in patients of Armenian ancestry .
### Output Text: | <span class="disease">Familial Mediterranean fever</span> ( <span class="disease">FMF</span> ) is a <span class="disease">recessively inherited disorder</span> that is common in patients of Armenian ancestry . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease.
### Input Text: To date , its diagnosis , which can be made only retrospectively , is one of exclusion , based entirely on nonspecific clinical signs that result from serosal inflammation and that may lead to unnecessary surgery .
### Output Text: | To date , its diagnosis , which can be made only retrospectively , is one of exclusion , based entirely on nonspecific clinical signs that result from <span class="disease">serosal inflammation</span> and that may lead to unnecessary surgery . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease.
### Input Text: Renal amyloidosis , prevented by colchicine , is the most severe complication of FMF , a disorder associated with mutations in the MEFV gene .
### Output Text: | <span class="disease">Renal amyloidosis</span> , prevented by colchicine , is the most severe complication of <span class="disease">FMF</span> , a disorder associated with mutations in the MEFV gene . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease.
### Input Text: To evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic value of MEFV - gene analysis , we investigated 90 Armenian FMF patients from 77 unrelated families that were not selected through genetic - linkage analysis .
### Output Text: | To evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic value of MEFV - gene analysis , we investigated 90 Armenian <span class="disease">FMF</span> patients from 77 unrelated families that were not selected through genetic - linkage analysis . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease.
### Input Text: Eight mutations , one of which ( R408Q ) is new , were found to account for 93 % of the 163 independent FMF alleles , with both FMF alleles identified in 89 % of the patients .
### Output Text: | Eight mutations , one of which ( R408Q ) is new , were found to account for 93 % of the 163 independent <span class="disease">FMF</span> alleles , with both <span class="disease">FMF</span> alleles identified in 89 % of the patients . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease.
### Input Text: In several instances , family studies provided molecular evidence for pseudodominant transmission and incomplete penetrance of the disease phenotype .
### Output Text: | In several instances , family studies provided molecular evidence for pseudodominant transmission and incomplete penetrance of the disease phenotype . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease.
### Input Text: The M694V homozygous genotype was found to be associated with a higher prevalence of renal amyloidosis and arthritis , compared with other genotypes ( P = . 0002 and P = . 006 , respectively ) .
### Output Text: | The M694V homozygous genotype was found to be associated with a higher prevalence of <span class="disease">renal amyloidosis</span> and <span class="disease">arthritis</span> , compared with other genotypes ( P = . 0002 and P = . 006 , respectively ) . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease.
### Input Text: The demonstration of both the diagnostic and prognostic value of MEFV analysis and particular modes of inheritance should lead to new ways for management of FMF - including genetic counseling and therapeutic decisions in affected families .
### Output Text: | The demonstration of both the diagnostic and prognostic value of MEFV analysis and particular modes of inheritance should lead to new ways for management of FMF - including genetic counseling and therapeutic decisions in affected families . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease.
### Input Text: Noninvasive test for fragile X syndrome , using hair root analysis .
### Output Text: | Noninvasive test for <span class="disease">fragile X syndrome</span> , using hair root analysis . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease.
### Input Text: Identification of the FMR1 gene and the repeat - amplification mechanism causing fragile X syndrome led to development of reliable DNA - based diagnostic methods , including Southern blot hybridization and PCR .
### Output Text: | Identification of the FMR1 gene and the repeat - amplification mechanism causing <span class="disease">fragile X syndrome</span> led to development of reliable DNA - based diagnostic methods , including Southern blot hybridization and PCR . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease.
### Input Text: Both methods are performed on DNA isolated from peripheral blood cells and measure the repeat size in FMR1 .
### Output Text: | Both methods are performed on DNA isolated from peripheral blood cells and measure the repeat size in FMR1 . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease.
### Input Text: Using an immunocytochemical technique on blood smears , we recently developed a novel test for identification of patients with fragile X syndrome .
### Output Text: | Using an immunocytochemical technique on blood smears , we recently developed a novel test for identification of patients with <span class="disease">fragile X syndrome</span> . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease.
### Input Text: This method , also called " antibody test , " uses monoclonal antibodies against the FMR1 gene product ( FMRP ) and is based on absence of FMRP in patients cells .
### Output Text: | This method , also called " antibody test , " uses monoclonal antibodies against the FMR1 gene product ( FMRP ) and is based on absence of FMRP in patients cells . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease.
### Input Text: Here we describe a new diagnostic test to identify male patients with fragile X syndrome , on the basis of lack of FMRP in their hair roots .
### Output Text: | Here we describe a new diagnostic test to identify male patients with <span class="disease">fragile X syndrome</span> , on the basis of lack of FMRP in their hair roots . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease.
### Input Text: Expression of FMRP in hair roots was studied by use of an FMRP - specific antibody test , and the percentage of FMRP - expressing hair roots in controls and in male fragile X patients was determined .
### Output Text: | Expression of FMRP in hair roots was studied by use of an FMRP - specific antibody test , and the percentage of FMRP - expressing hair roots in controls and in male <span class="disease">fragile X</span> patients was determined . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease.
### Input Text: Control individuals showed clear expression of FMRP in nearly every hair root , whereas male fragile X patients lacked expression of FMRP in almost all their hair roots .
### Output Text: | Control individuals showed clear expression of FMRP in nearly every hair root , whereas male <span class="disease">fragile X</span> patients lacked expression of FMRP in almost all their hair roots . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease.
### Input Text: Mentally retarded female patients with a full mutation showed FMRP expression in only some of their hair roots ( < 55 % ) , and no overlap with normal female controls was observed .
### Output Text: | <span class="disease">Mentally retarded</span> female patients with a full mutation showed FMRP expression in only some of their hair roots ( < 55 % ) , and no overlap with normal female controls was observed . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease.
### Input Text: The advantages of this test are ( 1 ) plucking of hair follicles does no appreciable harm to the mentally retarded patient , ( 2 ) hairs can be sent in a simple envelope to a diagnostic center , and ( 3 ) the result of the test is available within 5 h of plucking .
### Output Text: | The advantages of this test are ( 1 ) plucking of hair follicles does no appreciable harm to the <span class="disease">mentally retarded</span> patient , ( 2 ) hairs can be sent in a simple envelope to a diagnostic center , and ( 3 ) the result of the test is available within 5 h of plucking . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease.
### Input Text: In addition , this test enabled us to identify two fragile X patients who did not show the full mutation by analysis of DNA isolated from blood cells . .
### Output Text: | In addition , this test enabled us to identify two <span class="disease">fragile X</span> patients who did not show the full mutation by analysis of DNA isolated from blood cells . . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease.
### Input Text: In Swedish families with hereditary prostate cancer , linkage to the HPC1 locus on chromosome 1q24 - 25 is restricted to families with early - onset prostate cancer .
### Output Text: | In Swedish families with <span class="disease">hereditary prostate cancer</span> , linkage to the HPC1 locus on chromosome 1q24 - 25 is restricted to families with early - onset <span class="disease">prostate cancer</span> . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease.
### Input Text: Prostate cancer clusters in some families , and an estimated 5 % - 10 % of all cases are estimated to result from inheritance of prostate cancer - susceptibility genes .
### Output Text: | <span class="disease">Prostate cancer</span> clusters in some families , and an estimated 5 % - 10 % of all cases are estimated to result from inheritance of prostate cancer - susceptibility genes . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease.
### Input Text: We previously reported evidence of linkage to the 1q24 - 25 region ( HPC1 ) in 91 North American and Swedish families each with multiple cases of prostate cancer ( Smith et al . 1996 ) .
### Output Text: | We previously reported evidence of linkage to the 1q24 - 25 region ( HPC1 ) in 91 North American and Swedish families each with multiple cases of <span class="disease">prostate cancer</span> ( Smith et al . 1996 ) . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease.
### Input Text: In the present report we analyze 40 ( 12 original and 28 newly identified ) Swedish families with hereditary prostate cancer ( HPC ) that , on the basis of 40 markers spanning a 25 - cM interval within 1q24 - 25 , have evidence of linkage .
### Output Text: | In the present report we analyze 40 ( 12 original and 28 newly identified ) Swedish families with <span class="disease">hereditary prostate cancer</span> ( <span class="disease">HPC</span> ) that , on the basis of 40 markers spanning a 25 - cM interval within 1q24 - 25 , have evidence of linkage . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease.
### Input Text: In the complete set of families , a maximum two - point LOD score of 1 .
### Output Text: | In the complete set of families , a maximum two - point LOD score of 1 . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease.
### Input Text: 10 was observed at D1S413 ( at a recombination fraction [ theta ] of . 1 ) , with a maximum NPL ( nonparametric linkage ) Z score of 1 .
### Output Text: | 10 was observed at D1S413 ( at a recombination fraction [ theta ] of . 1 ) , with a maximum NPL ( nonparametric linkage ) Z score of 1 . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease.
### Input Text: 64 at D1S202 ( P = . 05 ) .
### Output Text: | 64 at D1S202 ( P = . 05 ) . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease.
### Input Text: The evidence of linkage to this region originated almost exclusively from the subset of 12 early - onset ( age < 65 years ) families , which yielded a maximum LOD score of 2 .
### Output Text: | The evidence of linkage to this region originated almost exclusively from the subset of 12 early - onset ( age < 65 years ) families , which yielded a maximum LOD score of 2 . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease.
### Input Text: 38 at D1S413 ( straight theta = 0 ) and an NPL Z score of 1 .
### Output Text: | 38 at D1S413 ( straight theta = 0 ) and an NPL Z score of 1 . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease.
### Input Text: 95 at D1S422 ( P = . 03 ) .
### Output Text: | 95 at D1S422 ( P = . 03 ) . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease.
### Input Text: Estimates from heterogeneity tests suggest that , within Sweden , as many as 50 % of early - onset families had evidence of linkage to the HPC1 region .
### Output Text: | Estimates from heterogeneity tests suggest that , within Sweden , as many as 50 % of early - onset families had evidence of linkage to the HPC1 region . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease.
### Input Text: These results are consistent with the hypothesis of linkage to HPC1 in a subset of families with prostate cancer , particularly those with an early age at diagnosis .
### Output Text: | These results are consistent with the hypothesis of linkage to HPC1 in a subset of families with <span class="disease">prostate cancer</span> , particularly those with an early age at diagnosis . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease.
### Input Text: Molecular basis of feline beta - glucuronidase deficiency : an animal model of mucopolysaccharidosis VII .
### Output Text: | Molecular basis of feline <span class="disease">beta - glucuronidase deficiency</span> : an animal model of <span class="disease">mucopolysaccharidosis VII</span> . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease.
### Input Text: A family of domestic cats was found that exhibited clinical and biochemical abnormalities consistent with mucopolysaccharidosis VII , an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder caused by beta - glucuronidase deficiency .
### Output Text: | A family of domestic cats was found that exhibited clinical and biochemical abnormalities consistent with <span class="disease">mucopolysaccharidosis VII</span> , an <span class="disease">autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder</span> caused by <span class="disease">beta - glucuronidase deficiency</span> . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
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### Input Text: beta - Glucuronidase activity was undetectable in affected cat fibroblasts and restored by retroviral gene transfer of rat beta - glucuronidase cDNA .
### Output Text: | beta - Glucuronidase activity was undetectable in affected cat fibroblasts and restored by retroviral gene transfer of rat beta - glucuronidase cDNA . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
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### Input Text: beta - Glucuronidase mRNA was normal in affected cat testis by Northern blot analysis .
### Output Text: | beta - Glucuronidase mRNA was normal in affected cat testis by Northern blot analysis . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Normal feline beta - glucuronidase cDNA was cloned and characterized , and amplified from affected cat fibroblasts by reverse transcription coupled polymerase chain reaction .
### Output Text: | Normal feline beta - glucuronidase cDNA was cloned and characterized , and amplified from affected cat fibroblasts by reverse transcription coupled polymerase chain reaction . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: There was a G - to - A transition in the affected cat cDNA that predicted an E351K substitution , destroyed a BssSI site , and eliminated GUSB enzymatic activity in expression studies .
### Output Text: | There was a G - to - A transition in the affected cat cDNA that predicted an E351K substitution , destroyed a BssSI site , and eliminated GUSB enzymatic activity in expression studies . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Multiple species comparison and the crystal structure of human beta - glucuronidase indicated that E351 is a highly conserved residue most likely essential in maintenance of the enzymes conformation .
### Output Text: | Multiple species comparison and the crystal structure of human beta - glucuronidase indicated that E351 is a highly conserved residue most likely essential in maintenance of the enzymes conformation . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: BssSI digestion of polymerase chain reaction products amplified from genomic DNA indicated that affected cats were homozygous and cats with half - normal beta - glucuronidase activity were heterozygous for the missense mutation .
### Output Text: | BssSI digestion of polymerase chain reaction products amplified from genomic DNA indicated that affected cats were homozygous and cats with half - normal beta - glucuronidase activity were heterozygous for the missense mutation . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Carriers identified in this manner produced affected kittens in prospective breedings , and a feline MPS VII breeding colony has been established . .
### Output Text: | Carriers identified in this manner produced affected kittens in prospective breedings , and a feline <span class="disease">MPS VII</span> breeding colony has been established . . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: A common molecular basis for rearrangement disorders on chromosome 22q11 .
### Output Text: | A common molecular basis for <span class="disease">rearrangement disorders</span> on chromosome 22q11 . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: The chromosome 22q11 region is susceptible to rearrangements that are associated with congenital anomaly disorders and malignant tumors .
### Output Text: | The chromosome 22q11 region is susceptible to rearrangements that are associated with <span class="disease">congenital anomaly disorders</span> and <span class="disease">malignant tumors</span> . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Three congenital anomaly disorders , cat - eye syndrome , der ( ) syndrome and velo - cardio - facial syndrome / DiGeorge syndrome ( VCFS / DGS ) are associated with tetrasomy , trisomy or monosomy , respectively , for part of chromosome 22q11 .
### Output Text: | Three <span class="disease">congenital anomaly disorders</span> , <span class="disease">cat - eye syndrome</span> , <span class="disease">der ( ) syndrome</span> and <span class="disease">velo - cardio - facial syndrome</span> / <span class="disease">DiGeorge syndrome</span> ( <span class="disease">VCFS</span> / <span class="disease">DGS</span> ) are associated with tetrasomy , trisomy or monosomy , respectively , for part of chromosome 22q11 . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: VCFS / DGS is the most common syndrome associated with 22q11 rearrangements .
### Output Text: | <span class="disease">VCFS</span> / <span class="disease">DGS</span> is the most common syndrome associated with 22q11 rearrangements . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: In order to determine whether there are particular regions on 22q11 that are prone to rearrangements , the deletion end - points in a large number of VCFS / DGS patients were defined by haplotype analysis .
### Output Text: | In order to determine whether there are particular regions on 22q11 that are prone to rearrangements , the deletion end - points in a large number of <span class="disease">VCFS</span> / <span class="disease">DGS</span> patients were defined by haplotype analysis . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Most VCFS / DGS patients have a similar 3 Mb deletion , some have a nested distal deletion breakpoint resulting in a 1 .
### Output Text: | Most <span class="disease">VCFS</span> / <span class="disease">DGS</span> patients have a similar 3 Mb deletion , some have a nested distal deletion breakpoint resulting in a 1 . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: 5 Mb deletion and a few rare patients have unique deletions or translocations .
### Output Text: | 5 Mb deletion and a few rare patients have unique deletions or translocations . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: The high prevalence of the disorder in the population and the fact that most cases occur sporadically suggest that sequences at or near the breakpoints confer susceptibility to chromosome rearrangements .
### Output Text: | The high prevalence of the disorder in the population and the fact that most cases occur sporadically suggest that sequences at or near the breakpoints confer susceptibility to chromosome rearrangements . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: To investigate this hypothesis , we developed hamster - human somatic hybrid cell lines from VCFS / DGS patients with all three classes of deletions and we now show that the breakpoints occur within similar low copy repeats , termed LCR22s .
### Output Text: | To investigate this hypothesis , we developed hamster - human somatic hybrid cell lines from <span class="disease">VCFS</span> / <span class="disease">DGS</span> patients with all three classes of deletions and we now show that the breakpoints occur within similar low copy repeats , termed LCR22s . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: To support this idea further , we identified a family that carries an interstitial duplication of the same 3 Mb region that is deleted in VCFS / DGS patients .
### Output Text: | To support this idea further , we identified a family that carries an interstitial duplication of the same 3 Mb region that is deleted in <span class="disease">VCFS</span> / <span class="disease">DGS</span> patients . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: We present models to explain how the LCR22s can mediate different homologous recombination events , thereby generating a number of rearrangements that are associated with congenital anomaly disorders .
### Output Text: | We present models to explain how the LCR22s can mediate different homologous recombination events , thereby generating a number of rearrangements that are associated with <span class="disease">congenital anomaly disorders</span> . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: We identified five additional copies of the LCR22 on 22q11 that may mediate other rearrangements leading to disease .
### Output Text: | We identified five additional copies of the LCR22 on 22q11 that may mediate other rearrangements leading to disease . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Functional consequences of mutations in the early growth response 2 gene ( EGR2 ) correlate with severity of human myelinopathies .
### Output Text: | Functional consequences of mutations in the early growth response 2 gene ( EGR2 ) correlate with severity of human <span class="disease">myelinopathies</span> . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: The early growth response 2 gene ( EGR2 ) is a Cys2His2zinc finger transcription factor which is thought to play a role in the regulation of peripheral nervous system myelination .
### Output Text: | The early growth response 2 gene ( EGR2 ) is a Cys2His2zinc finger transcription factor which is thought to play a role in the regulation of peripheral nervous system myelination . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: This idea is based partly on the phenotype of homozygous Krox20 ( Egr2 ) knockout mice , which display hypomyelination of the PNS and a block of Schwann cells at an early stage of differentiation .
### Output Text: | This idea is based partly on the phenotype of homozygous Krox20 ( Egr2 ) knockout mice , which display <span class="disease">hypomyelination of the PNS</span> and a block of Schwann cells at an early stage of differentiation . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Mutations in the human EGR2 gene have recently been associated with the inherited peripheral neuropathies Charcot - Marie - Tooth type 1 , Dejerine - Sottas syndrome and congenital hypomyelinating neuropathy .
### Output Text: | Mutations in the human EGR2 gene have recently been associated with the <span class="disease">inherited peripheral neuropathies</span> <span class="disease">Charcot - Marie - Tooth type 1</span> , <span class="disease">Dejerine - Sottas syndrome</span> and <span class="disease">congenital hypomyelinating neuropathy</span> . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Three of the four EGR2 mutations are dominant and occur within the zinc finger DNA - binding domain .
### Output Text: | Three of the four EGR2 mutations are dominant and occur within the zinc finger DNA - binding domain . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: The fourth mutation is recessive and affects the inhibitory domain ( R1 ) that binds the NAB transcriptional co - repressors .
### Output Text: | The fourth mutation is recessive and affects the inhibitory domain ( R1 ) that binds the NAB transcriptional co - repressors . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: A combination of DNA - binding assays and transcriptional analysis was used to determine the functional consequences of these mutations .
### Output Text: | A combination of DNA - binding assays and transcriptional analysis was used to determine the functional consequences of these mutations . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: The zinc finger mutations affect DNA binding and the amount of residual binding directly correlates with disease severity .
### Output Text: | The zinc finger mutations affect DNA binding and the amount of residual binding directly correlates with disease severity . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: The R1 domain mutation prevents interaction of EGR2 with the NAB co - repressors and thereby increases transcriptional activity .
### Output Text: | The R1 domain mutation prevents interaction of EGR2 with the NAB co - repressors and thereby increases transcriptional activity . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: These data provide insight into the possible disease mechanisms underlying EGR2 mutations and the reason for varying severity and differences in inheritance patterns . .
### Output Text: | These data provide insight into the possible disease mechanisms underlying EGR2 mutations and the reason for varying severity and differences in inheritance patterns . . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Autosomal recessive familial neurohypophyseal diabetes insipidus with continued secretion of mutant weakly active vasopressin .
### Output Text: | <span class="disease">Autosomal recessive familial neurohypophyseal diabetes insipidus</span> with continued secretion of mutant weakly active vasopressin . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Familial neurohypophyseal diabetes insipidus is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by post - natal development of arginine vasopressin ( AVP ) deficiency due to mutations in the AVP gene .
### Output Text: | <span class="disease">Familial neurohypophyseal diabetes insipidus</span> is an <span class="disease">autosomal dominant disorder</span> characterized by post - natal development of <span class="disease">arginine vasopressin ( AVP ) deficiency</span> due to mutations in the AVP gene . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: All published mutations affect the signal peptide or the neurophysin - II carrier protein and are presumed to interfere with processing of the preprohormone , leading to neuronal damage .
### Output Text: | All published mutations affect the signal peptide or the neurophysin - II carrier protein and are presumed to interfere with processing of the preprohormone , leading to <span class="disease">neuronal damage</span> . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: We studied an unusual Palestinian family consisting of asymptomatic first cousin parents and three children affected with neurohypophyseal diabetes insipidus , suggesting autosomal recessive inheritance .
### Output Text: | We studied an unusual Palestinian family consisting of asymptomatic first cousin parents and three children affected with <span class="disease">neurohypophyseal diabetes insipidus</span> , suggesting autosomal recessive inheritance . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: All three affected children were homozygous and the parents heterozygous for a single novel mutation ( C301 - > T ) in exon 1 , replacing Pro7 of mature AVP with Leu ( Leu - AVP ) .
### Output Text: | All three affected children were homozygous and the parents heterozygous for a single novel mutation ( C301 - > T ) in exon 1 , replacing Pro7 of mature AVP with Leu ( Leu - AVP ) . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Leu - AVP was a weak agonist with approximately 30 - fold reduced binding to the human V2 receptor .
### Output Text: | Leu - AVP was a weak agonist with approximately 30 - fold reduced binding to the human V2 receptor . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Measured by radioimmunoassay with a synthetic Leu - AVP standard , serum Leu - AVP levels were elevated in all three children and further increased during water deprivation to as high as 30 times normal .
### Output Text: | Measured by radioimmunoassay with a synthetic Leu - AVP standard , serum Leu - AVP levels were elevated in all three children and further increased during water deprivation to as high as 30 times normal . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: The youngest child ( 2 years old ) was only mildly affected but had Leu - AVP levels similar to her severely affected 8 - year - old brother , suggesting that unknown mechanisms may partially compensate for a deficiency of active AVP in very young children . .
### Output Text: | The youngest child ( 2 years old ) was only mildly affected but had Leu - AVP levels similar to her severely affected 8 - year - old brother , suggesting that unknown mechanisms may partially compensate for a <span class="disease">deficiency of active AVP</span> in very young children . . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: X inactivation and somatic cell selection rescue female mice carrying a Piga - null mutation .
### Output Text: | X inactivation and somatic cell selection rescue female mice carrying a Piga - null mutation . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: A somatic mutation in the X linked PIGA gene is responsible for the deficiency of glycosyl phosphatidylinositol ( GPI ) - anchored proteins on blood cells from patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria .
### Output Text: | A somatic mutation in the X linked PIGA gene is responsible for the <span class="disease">deficiency of glycosyl phosphatidylinositol ( GPI ) - anchored proteins</span> on blood cells from patients with <span class="disease">paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria</span> . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: No inherited form of GPI - anchor deficiency has been described .
### Output Text: | No inherited form of <span class="disease">GPI - anchor deficiency</span> has been described . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Because conventional Piga gene knockout is associated with high embryonic lethality in chimeric mice , we used the Cre / loxP system .
### Output Text: | Because conventional Piga gene knockout is associated with high <span class="disease">embryonic lethality</span> in chimeric mice , we used the Cre / loxP system . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: We generated mice in which two loxP sites flank part of Piga exon 2 .
### Output Text: | We generated mice in which two loxP sites flank part of Piga exon 2 . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: After crossbreeding with female mice of the EIIa - cre strain , the floxed allele undergoes Cre - mediated recombination with high efficiency during early embryonic development .
### Output Text: | After crossbreeding with female mice of the EIIa - cre strain , the floxed allele undergoes Cre - mediated recombination with high efficiency during early embryonic development . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Because of X chromosome inactivation , female offspring are mosaic for cells that express or lack GPI - linked proteins .
### Output Text: | Because of X chromosome inactivation , female offspring are mosaic for cells that express or lack GPI - linked proteins . |