xomad/gliner-model-merge-large-v1.0

The xomad/gliner-model-merge-large-v1.0 model is developed from the pretrained model knowledgator/gliner-multitask-large-v0.5 to explore the capabilities of model merging techniques, resulting in a significant performance boost of 3.25 points, elevating the model's capability from 0.6276 to 0.6601 F1-score.

The model is trained exclusively on datasets with commercial-friendly licenses to ensure broad applicability under the Apache-2.0 license. The following datasets were used in the training process:

⚙️ Finetuning process

The process begins with the base model knowledgator/gliner-multitask-large-v0.5. Our model xomad/gliner-model-merge-large-v1.0 is fine-tuned separately on each of the above datasets , and we save multiple checkpoints along the fine-tuning process. We put all these checkpoints together into a pool and then we apply the Model soups technique to produce different merged models:

uniform_merged
greedy_on_random
greedy_on_sorted

Following this, we apply WiSE-FT merging technique to pairs of models selected from a group of the above 3 models and the original model to produce the wise_ft_merged model. This concludes the 1st finetuning phase.

The process is then repeated in the 2nd finetuning phase, using the wise_ft_merged as the new starting point, to produce the final model. The whole finetuning flow is illustrated in the following figure:

The performance of the pool of fine-tuned models and the merged models are evaluated on the CrossNER, TwitterNER benchmarks, and plotted in the following 2 figures (as crossner_f1 and other_f1 respectively).

The 1st finetuning phase plot:

The 2nd finetuning phase plot:

🛠️ Installation

To use this model, you must install the GLiNER Python library:

pip install gliner

Once you've downloaded the GLiNER library, you can import the GLiNER class. You can then load this model using GLiNER.from_pretrained.

💻 Usage

from gliner import GLiNER

model = GLiNER.from_pretrained("xomad/gliner-model-merge-large-v1.0")

text = """
Microsoft was founded by Bill Gates and Paul Allen on April 4, 1975 to develop and sell BASIC interpreters for the Altair 8800. During his career at Microsoft, Gates held the positions of chairman, chief executive officer, president and chief software architect, while also being the largest individual shareholder until May 2014.
"""

labels = ["founder", "computer", "software", "position", "date", "company"]

entities = model.predict_entities(text, labels)

for entity in entities:
    print(entity["text"], "=>", entity["label"])

Output:

Microsoft => company
Bill Gates => founder
Paul Allen => founder
April 4, 1975 => date
BASIC => software
Altair 8800 => computer
Microsoft => company
chairman => position
chief executive officer => position
president => position
chief software architect => position
May 2014 => date

📊 Benchmarks:

Performance on different zero-shot NER benchmarks (CrossNER, mit-movie and mit-restaurant), numbers reported from https://huggingface.co/knowledgator/gliner-multitask-large-v0.5:

Model	F1 Score
xomad/gliner-model-merge-large-v1.0	0.6601
knowledgator/gliner-multitask-v0.5	0.6276
numind/NuNER_Zero-span	0.6196
gliner-community/gliner_large-v2.5	0.615
EmergentMethods/gliner_large_news-v2.1	0.5876
urchade/gliner_large-v2.1	0.5754

Detailed performance on different datasets:

Model	Dataset	Precision	Recall	F1 Score	F1 Score (Decimal)
xomad/gliner-model-merge-large-v1.0	CrossNER_AI	62.66%	57.48%	59.96%	0.5996
	CrossNER_literature	73.28%	66.42%	69.68%	0.6968
	CrossNER_music	74.89%	70.67%	72.72%	0.7272
	CrossNER_politics	79.46%	77.57%	78.51%	0.7851
	CrossNER_science	74.72%	70.24%	72.41%	0.7241
	mit-movie	67.33%	57.89%	62.25%	0.6225
	mit-restaurant	54.94%	40.41%	46.57%	0.4657
	Average				0.6601
numind/NuNER_Zero-span	CrossNER_AI	63.82%	56.82%	60.12%	0.6012
	CrossNER_literature	73.53%	58.06%	64.89%	0.6489
	CrossNER_music	72.69%	67.40%	69.95%	0.6995
	CrossNER_politics	77.28%	68.69%	72.73%	0.7273
	CrossNER_science	70.08%	63.12%	66.42%	0.6642
	mit-movie	63.00%	48.88%	55.05%	0.5505
	mit-restaurant	54.81%	37.62%	44.62%	0.4462
	Average				0.6196
knowledgator/gliner-multitask-v0.5	CrossNER_AI	51.00%	51.11%	51.05%	0.5105
	CrossNER_literature	72.65%	65.62%	68.96%	0.6896
	CrossNER_music	74.91%	73.70%	74.30%	0.7430
	CrossNER_politics	78.84%	77.71%	78.27%	0.7827
	CrossNER_science	69.20%	65.48%	67.29%	0.6729
	mit-movie	61.29%	52.59%	56.60%	0.5660
	mit-restaurant	50.65%	38.13%	43.51%	0.4351
	Average				0.6276
gliner-community/gliner_large-v2.5	CrossNER_AI	50.85%	63.03%	56.29%	0.5629
	CrossNER_literature	64.92%	67.21%	66.04%	0.6604
	CrossNER_music	70.88%	73.10%	71.97%	0.7197
	CrossNER_politics	72.67%	72.93%	72.80%	0.7280
	CrossNER_science	61.71%	68.85%	65.08%	0.6508
	mit-movie	54.63%	52.83%	53.71%	0.5371
	mit-restaurant	47.99%	42.13%	44.87%	0.4487
	Average				0.6154
urchade/gliner_large-v2.1	CrossNER_AI	54.98%	52.00%	53.45%	0.5345
	CrossNER_literature	59.33%	56.47%	57.87%	0.5787
	CrossNER_music	67.39%	66.77%	67.08%	0.6708
	CrossNER_politics	66.07%	63.76%	64.90%	0.6490
	CrossNER_science	61.45%	62.56%	62.00%	0.6200
	mit-movie	55.94%	47.36%	51.29%	0.5129
	mit-restaurant	53.34%	40.83%	46.25%	0.4625
	Average				0.5754
EmergentMethods/gliner_large_news-v2.1	CrossNER_AI	59.60%	54.55%	56.96%	0.5696
	CrossNER_literature	65.41%	56.16%	60.44%	0.6044
	CrossNER_music	67.47%	63.08%	65.20%	0.6520
	CrossNER_politics	66.05%	60.07%	62.92%	0.6292
	CrossNER_science	68.44%	63.57%	65.92%	0.6592
	mit-movie	65.85%	49.59%	56.57%	0.5657
	mit-restaurant	54.71%	35.94%	43.38%	0.4338
	Average				0.5876

Authors

Hoan Nguyen, at xomad.com

Citations

@misc{wortsman2022modelsoupsaveragingweights,
      title={Model soups: averaging weights of multiple fine-tuned models improves accuracy without increasing inference time}, 
      author={Mitchell Wortsman and Gabriel Ilharco and Samir Yitzhak Gadre and Rebecca Roelofs and Raphael Gontijo-Lopes and Ari S. Morcos and Hongseok Namkoong and Ali Farhadi and Yair Carmon and Simon Kornblith and Ludwig Schmidt},
      year={2022},
      eprint={2203.05482},
      archivePrefix={arXiv},
      primaryClass={cs.LG},
      url={https://arxiv.org/abs/2203.05482}, 
}

@InProceedings{Wortsman_2022_CVPR,
    author    = {Wortsman, Mitchell and Ilharco, Gabriel and Kim, Jong Wook and Li, Mike and Kornblith, Simon and Roelofs, Rebecca and Lopes, Raphael Gontijo and Hajishirzi, Hannaneh and Farhadi, Ali and Namkoong, Hongseok and Schmidt, Ludwig},
    title     = {Robust Fine-Tuning of Zero-Shot Models},
    booktitle = {Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR)},
    month     = {June},
    year      = {2022},
    pages     = {7959-7971}
}

@misc{stepanov2024gliner,
      title={GLiNER multi-task: Generalist Lightweight Model for Various Information Extraction Tasks}, 
      author={Ihor Stepanov and Mykhailo Shtopko},
      year={2024},
      eprint={2406.12925},
      archivePrefix={arXiv},
      primaryClass={id='cs.LG' full_name='Machine Learning' is_active=True alt_name=None in_archive='cs' is_general=False description='Papers on all aspects of machine learning research (supervised, unsupervised, reinforcement learning, bandit problems, and so on) including also robustness, explanation, fairness, and methodology. cs.LG is also an appropriate primary category for applications of machine learning methods.'}
}

@misc{zaratiana2023gliner,
      title={GLiNER: Generalist Model for Named Entity Recognition using Bidirectional Transformer}, 
      author={Urchade Zaratiana and Nadi Tomeh and Pierre Holat and Thierry Charnois},
      year={2023},
      eprint={2311.08526},
      archivePrefix={arXiv},
      primaryClass={cs.CL}
}

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gliner-model-merge-large-v1.0