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SS Joplin Victory The SS Joplin Victory was the 12th Victory ship built during World War II under the Emergency Shipbuilding program. She was launched by the California Shipbuilding Company on April 25, 1944 and completed on June 15, 1944. The ship's United States Maritime Commission designation was VC2-S-AP3, hull number 12 (V-12). The 10,500-ton Victory ships were designed to replace the earlier Liberty Ships. Liberty ships were designed to be used just for World War II. Victory ships were designed to last longer and serve the US Navy after the war. The Victory ship differed from a Liberty ship in that they were: faster, longer and wider, taller, had a thinner stack set farther toward the superstructure and had a long raised forecastle. SS Joplin Victory was christened on April 26, 1944 and launched at the yards of the California Shipbuilding Corporation. The launching of The SS Joplin Victory splashed into the water of Wilmington, Los Angeles. World War II SS Joplin Victory served in the Pacific Ocean in World War II as part of the Pacific war. SS Joplin Victory Naval Armed Guard crews earned "Battle Stars" in World War II for the assault occupation of Okinawa. Ward incident SS Joplin Victory was part of a foreign relations project between the United States and China called the Ward incident, a diplomatic incident. In 1949 she streamed in to China port city of Port of Tianjin, called Taku Bar at the time, to remove US citizens at Mukden. She steamed in with the Lakeland Victory. SS Joplin Victory was in port from Dec. 5 to 7, 1949. The two ships removed the US diplomatic staff in China. US Consul General Angus Ward and nineteen other American citizens has spent time in a Communist Chinese jail. On February 3, 1949 she arrived in San Francisco with Shanghai refugees. Korean War SS Joplin Victory served as merchant marine naval ship supplying goods for the Korean War. She help move the 140th Medium Tank Battalion. About 75 percent of the personnel taken to Korea for the Korean War came by the merchant marine ships. The SS Joplin Victory transported goods, mail, food and other supplies. About 90 percent of the cargo was moved by merchant marine naval to the Korean war zone. SS Joplin Victory made trips between 18 November 1950 and 23 December 1952 helping American forces engaged against Communist aggression in South Korea. On Nov. 19, 1952 she was blown by high winds and broke loose from the Oakland Estuary pier, in Oakland, California. She ran into the side of a transport ship, the USN Navy's SS Neshoba. James River She was laid up at Astoria, Oregon in 1952 and later transferred to the James River in Virginia as part of the National Defense Reserve Fleet for years. In 1994 she was scrapped in Alang, India. See also List of Victory ships Liberty ship Type C1 ship Type C2 ship Type C3 ship References Sources Sawyer, L.A. and W.H. Mitchell. Victory ships and tankers: The history of the ‘Victory’ type cargo ships and of the tankers built in the United States of America during World War II, Cornell Maritime Press, 1974, 0-87033-182-5. United States Maritime Commission: Victory Cargo Ships Category:Victory ships Category:Ships built in Los Angeles Category:United States Merchant Marine Category:1944 ships Category:World War II merchant ships of the United States

49er & 49er FX World Championships The 49er World Championships are international sailing regattas in the 49er and 49er FX classes organized by the International Sailing Federation. It was first held in 1997. In 2013, the 49er FX class was added to the programme. The 49er is an Olympic class since 2000. The 49er FX is anan Olympics class since 2016. Editions All-time medal table 49er 49er FX Medalists 49er Open 49er Men's 49er FX Women's 49er Youth 49er FX Youth Multiple medallists 49er 49er FX See also ISAF Sailing World Championships International Sailing Federation References External links International 49er Class Association Sailing competitions Category:Recurring sporting events established in 1997

Arthur Covington Arthur Edwin Covington (21 September 1913 – 17 March 2001) was a Canadian physicist who made the first radio astronomy measurements in Canada. Through these he made the valuable discovery that sunspots generate large amounts of microwaves at the 10.7 cm wavelength, offering a simple all-weather method to measure and predict sunspot activity, and their associated effects on communications. The sunspot detection program has run continuously to this day. Early life and education Covington was born in Regina and grew up in Vancouver. He showed an early interest in astronomy, and had built a refractor telescope after meeting members of the local chapter of the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada. He was also interested in amateur radio and operated station VE3CC for a time. He started his career as a radio operator on ships operated by the Canadian National Railways. He put himself through school and eventually earned a bachelor's degree from the University of British Columbia in 1938, and obtained his master's degree from the same institution in 1940 after building an electron microscope. He then moved to University of California in Berkeley where he received his doctoral degree in nuclear physics in 1942. He was still at Berkeley when he was invited to join the National Research Council (NRC) in Ottawa in 1942 as a radar technician, working at the NRC's Radio Field Station. Solar observations Immediately after the war Covington became interested in radio astronomy, and built a small telescope out of the electronic parts from a surplus SCR-268 radar combined with parts from another receiver originally built to test silicon crystal radio parts for radar applications. These electronics were attached to the 4 ft (1.2 m) parabolic dish from a Type III gun-laying radar. The system operated at a frequency of 2800 MHz, or a wavelength of 10.7 cm. Initially the instrument was pointed in the direction of various celestial objects, including Jupiter, the Milky Way, aurora borealis, and the Sun, but it proved too insensitive to pick up any source other than the Sun. So a solar study program was started. As time passed, Covington and his colleagues realized that the Sun's emission at 10.7 cm wavelength was varying, which was unexpected. Thinking at that time was that the solar emission at centimeter wavelengths would be simply black body emission from a ball of hot gas. Covington became convinced that the effect was due to sunspots, as the flux appeared to vary with the number of visible spots. The resolution of the device, about seven degrees, made it impossible to "pick out" a spot on the sun's surface for study, making a demonstration of the claim difficult. An opportunity to directly measure this possibility presented itself on November 23, 1946 when a partial solar eclipse passed over the Ottawa area, and Covington was able to conclusively demonstrate that the microwave emissions dropped off precipitously when the Moon covered a particularly large sunspot. This also demonstrated that magnetic fields were instrumental in sunspot activity. It was entirely by accident that the original instrument operated on frequencies suitable to detection of the 10.7 cm signal, and it had never been intended for "production" use. As the importance of the sunspot measurements became obvious, plans were made to continue these observations over a longer time period. As the Radio Field Station was still actively being used for radar development, and causing heavy interference as a result, a new location was selected about five miles (8 km) away at Goth Hill. Here they measured the whole-disk flux and averaged the measurements to produce three highly accurate measurements a day. He then set about designing an instrument that could directly resolve portions of the sun's disk. The new telescope consisted of a 150 ft (46 m) long section of 3 by 1½ inch metal waveguide cut with slots in locations to create a simple interferometer with a fan-shaped area of sensitivity. The amount of flux gathered was improved by placing the waveguide in metal trough, and the direction of aim could be changed slightly by rotating the waveguide inside the trough, but in general terms it was used to take measurements as the sun passed through its "beam". The new telescope started operation in 1951, allowing them to directly measure the flux from the Sun's corona and the temperature of the regions above sunspots (about 1,500,000 °C). The Goth Hill observatory also included a number of other instruments for a variety of measurements. ARO Increasing radar and radio use in the Ottawa area presented interference problems, and Covington turned his attention to finding a more suitable "radio quiet" location for the program. This led to the creation of the Algonquin Radio Observatory (ARO) in Algonquin Park, about 150 km northwest of Ottawa but relatively easy to access on major highways. A new 6 ft (1.8 m) parabolic dish solar flux telescope was built in 1960, operating in parallel before taking over duties from the Goth Hill instrument in 1962. In 1964 an identical instrument was installed at the Dominion Radio Astrophysical Observatory (DRAO) in British Columbia. This was followed by a more powerful version of the waveguide instrument, this time focused by a series of thirty-two 10 ft (3 m) dishes arranged over a 700 ft (215 m) waveguide, which opened in 1966. The ARO was greatly expanded in 1966 with the opening of the 150 ft (46 m) deep-space telescope. This was a major research site through the 1960s and 70s, although limitations in its design made it see less use in the 1980s. For some time this instrument was joined by a smaller 18 m telescope originally located at the David Dunlap Observatory outside Toronto, operated by the University of Toronto. The original solar observatories remained in use until 1990 when funding drawdowns at the NRC forced the closure of the entire Algonquin site. In 1991 the 1.8 m dish was moved to the DRAO as a backup instrument. Covington's work led to other solar-related discoveries. Observations in 1969 led to the realization that certain types of major sunspot breakouts were preceded by a particular type of radio signal, which allowed advanced prediction of upcoming solar storms. As other teams also started studying the solar flux they noticed that the different teams all came to different conclusions about the total flux, due to differences in the instruments and other effects. Covington worked on an effort to correlate these measurements and solve a single flux number, which was published in 1972. He also played a role in the construction of the Indian River Observatory, an amateur built 200 m interferometer. Retirement Covington remained director of the ARO until he retired in 1978. He died in 2001 in Kingston, Ontario, at the age of 88. One of the buildings at the Dominion Radio Astrophysical Observatory was named in his honour in 2003. He had many hobbies including a fondness for rare books, many of which have been donated to Queen's University in the Riche-Covington collection. Notes The exact location of "Goth Hill" is not known, as this term does not appear on modern maps. According to the City of Ottawa Archives, it is likely located on a plot of land south of the downtown Ottawa area, a plot formerly owned by Robert Goth that appears in the Beldon Atlas, 1878. The terms "hill" and "ridge" were commonly applied to otherwise nondescript land throughout the Gloucester Township area. The Goth plot lies off the eastern end of runway 25 of the Ottawa Macdonald-Cartier International Airport, west of CFS Leitrim. This location fits with all of the known references, which describe it as being "five miles south of Ottawa in South Gloucester". References Category:1913 births Category:2001 deaths Category:Canadian physicists

DeLane Matthews DeLane Matthews (born August 7, 1961) is an American actress. She is best known for her role as Beth Barry in the CBS television sitcom Dave's World from 1993 to 1997. Life and career DeLane Matthews was raised in northern Florida. She moved to Manhattan after being hired to join the Kennedy Center/Juilliard School Acting Company. Acting in theater productions, she appeared Off-Broadway in City Boys at the Jewish Rep, and Pieces of Eight at The Public Theater. She also performed in The Cradle Will Rock, The Merry Wives of Windsor, and Pericles, and toured in The Bat, Grease, The Invaders and I Oughta Be in Pictures. Television Following daytime television work in The Guiding Light in New York City, Matthews transitioned into primetime television on the Peter Boyle ABC comedy series Joe Bash (1986), playing the part of the streetwalker Lorna. It was cancelled after six episodes. In 1988, she went to star opposite Scott Bakula in the CBS sitcom Eisenhower and Lutz. She later starred on the NBC sitcom FM (1989-1990) with Robert Hays and Patricia Richardson, and in 1992 landed a leading role on the ABC sitcom Laurie Hill. In 1993, Matthews landed a female leading role opposite Harry Anderson in the CBS sitcom Dave's World; the series ran to 1997. Matthews guest-starred in a number of television series, include Murphy Brown, Quantum Leap, From the Earth to the Moon, Diagnosis: Murder, Strong Medicine, Cold Case, Nip/Tuck, Castle and well as recurred on The Shield and Saving Grace. In 2001, she joined the cast of ABC soap opera General Hospital playing Janine Matthews. She was regular cast member from October 29, 2001 to June 5, 2003. References External links Category:American television actresses Category:American people of Irish descent Category:Florida State University alumni Category:Actresses from Florida Category:1961 births Category:Living people Category:20th-century American actresses Category:21st-century American actresses Category:People from Rockledge, Florida Category:Power family

Springlands, Queensland Springlands is a rural locality in the Whitsunday Region, Queensland, Australia. In the , Springlands had a population of 45 people. Geography The suburb completely surrounds the town of Collinsville. The Collinsville coal mine is located in the suburb. The majority of the western and southern boundary is aligned with the Bowen River. Sonoma State Forest covers 8,800 hectares in the north east of Springlands. Heritage listings Springlands has a number of heritage-listed sites, including: Strathmore Road: Strathmore Homestead References Category:Whitsunday Region Category:Springlands, Queensland Category:Localities in Queensland

HT Motorsports HT Motorsports was an American truck racing team from Martinsville, Virginia, owned by trucking company owner Jim Harris. It fielded entries for the nine years in the Camping World Truck Series before suspending operations early in 2010. Truck No. 24 history This team debuted at a test session at Homestead-Miami Speedway as the No. 92 with Terry Cook driving. He started fifteenth and finished 20th. The No. 24 originally was intended to be the No. 11 Toyota for Red Horse Racing but driver David Starr and Zachry Holdings parted ways with the team in December. This team became the No. 24 for 2009 and Starr had fourteen top-ten finishes. Zachry and Starr left the team after the 2009 season for Randy Moss Motorsports. Truck No. 25 history HT Motorsports made its NASCAR debut at New Hampshire International Speedway in 2001 as the No. 92 Learnframe Dodge. It made four starts that season with Stacy Compton and finished in the top ten in each race. The team then ran at Martinsville Speedway in 2002 as the No. 17 Duck Head Footwear Dodge Ram driven by Darrell Waltrip. He qualified eighteenth but finished thirty-eighth. Waltrip returned at Indianapolis Raceway Park with Tide sponsorship, and finished sixth. Stacy Compton would drive three additional races that season, posting a best finish of eighth at Richmond. In 2003, HT switched to the No. 59 and hired Robert Pressley to drive. Driving with associate sponsorship from Melling Engine Parts, Pressley finished in the top-five four times and finished thirteenth in points. Randy LaJoie ran the first two races of 2004, followed by rookie Mark McFarland. McFarland finished sixth at Mansfield Motorsports Speedway before being cycled out by LaJoie, who had an eighth-place finish at Gateway. Andy Houston drove for three races, but did not finish higher than 14th. Sammy Sanders, Bobby Hamilton, Jr., and Scott Lynch finished out the year in the 59. Pressley returned to HT in 2005, but had only three top-ten finishes and finished 20th in the standings. He was released and replaced by Mike Wallace at the beginning of 2006, but wrecked out of the two races in which he drove for the team. Steve Park became the team's new driver, as the team switched to Ford. Despite a tenth-place finish at Mansfield, he was released after ten races and replaced by Chad Chaffin. After a slow start, the team switched to Toyota and Chaffin finished eighth at Talladega Superspeedway. Terry Cook was named the driver of the 59 for 2007, and had two top-tens and finished fourteenth in points. He was released at the end of the season for Whelen Modified driver Donny Lia, who raced the last race of the season. For 2008, Ted Musgrave will move to the No. 59 team, bringing along his ASE sponsorship. In August 2008 ASE announced they will be leaving NASCAR. After 18 races in season, and a wreck in the 1st practice at Las Vegas Motor Speedway, Musgrave & HT Motorsports parted ways. Stacy Compton replaced him later in the day. Joey Logano made his truck series debut at Talladega starting sixth but crashing early. Terry Cook, recently released from Wyler Racing, drove the No. 59 for the rest of the '08 season. The team switched to the No. 25 for 2009 with Cook returning. He had nine top-tens but was replaced in the final two races by Mike Bliss. References External links Official Website Category:American auto racing teams Category:Companies based in Virginia Category:Defunct NASCAR teams Category:Auto racing teams established in 2001 Category:Sports clubs disestablished in 2010

Oskar Roehler Oskar Roehler (born 21 January 1959) is a German film director, screenwriter and journalist. He was born in Starnberg as the son of writer Gisela Elsner and the writer Klaus Roehler. Since the mid-1980s he has been working as a screenwriter, for, among others, Niklaus Schilling, Christoph Schlingensief and Mark Schlichter. Since the early 1990s he has also been working as a film director. For his film No Place to Go he won the Deutscher Filmpreis. His 2010 film Jew Suss: Rise and Fall was nominated for the Golden Bear at the 60th Berlin International Film Festival. Partial filmography Gentleman (1995) Silvester Countdown (1997) Gierig (1999) No Place to Go (2000) Suck My Dick (2001) Beloved Sister (2002) Angst (2003) Agnes and His Brothers (2004) The Elementary Particles (2006) Lulu and Jimi (2009) Jew Suss: Rise and Fall (2010) Sources of Life (2013) Punk Berlin 1982 (2015) Subs (2017) References External links Category:1959 births Category:German film directors Category:German-language film directors Category:Living people Category:People from Starnberg

Zeta Pavonis Zeta Pavonis, Latinized from ζ Pavonis, is an orange-hued star in the southern constellation Pavo. Its apparent magnitude is 4.01, which is bright enough to be faintly visible to the naked eye. The annual parallax shift of this star is 14.93 mas as seen from Earth, which provides a distance estimate of approximately away from the Sun. It is moving closer to the Sun with a radial velocity of −16.30. Based upon its motion through space, this star appears to be a member of the Hyades Supercluster. This is an evolved K-type giant star with a stellar classification of K0 III, which indicates it has exhausted the supply of hydrogen at its core. The measured angular diameter of this star, after correction for limb darkening, is . At the estimated distance of this star, this yields a physical size of about 19 times the radius of the Sun. The star is radiating 155 times the Sun's luminosity. Zeta Pavonis has a companion, probably optical, of apparent magnitude 12.0 at about 55.6" separation. References Category:K-type giants Category:Hyades Stream Category:Pavo (constellation) Pavonis, Zeta Category:Durchmusterung objects 171759 091792 6982

Luo Xiangang Luo Xiangang (; born December 1970) is a Chinese engineer specializing in photoelectric technology. He is an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering currently serves as director of the Institute of Optics and Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Biography Luo was born in Cangxi County, Sichuan, in December 1970. He attended Qinglin Village School. He elementary studied at Baiqiao Town Middle School and secondary studied at Chengjiao High School. In 1989 he graduated from Mianyang Teachers' College. He holds a bachelor's degree from Sichuan Normal University, and master's and doctor's degrees from the Institute of Optics and Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. He was a postdoctoral fellow at the Institute of Physical and Chemical Research between May 2001 and May 2002. He was also a research scientist at the institute from May 2001 to January 2005. He joined the Institute of Optics and Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences in December 2004. Honours and awards 2008 National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars 2014 Fellow of the International Academy of Photonics and Laser Engineering (IAPLE) 2016 State Technological Invention Award (First Class) 2018 Fellow of the Chinese Optical Society (COS) 2019 Fellow of The Optical Society (OSA) 2019 Fellow of SPIE November 22, 2019 Member of the Chinese Academy of Engineering (CAE) References External links Luo Xiangang on the Institute of Optics and Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Category:1970 births Category:Living people Category:People from Cangxi County Category:Engineers from Sichuan Category:Sichuan Normal University alumni Category:Members of the Chinese Academy of Engineering Category:Fellows of the Optical Society Category:Fellows of SPIE

Women's beachwear fashion Women's beachwear fashion is a modern phenomenon that has been developing in the last two centuries, especially as the railway arrived in Europe and mass tourism became widespread. The beach in particular became a tourist venue for people to relieve stress. This began from the desire to contrast the effects from the rise of large cities and Industrialization. It spread around the world, becoming a cultural phenomenon, and as a result, along with this new outdoor pastime, came the need for a stylish garment for the privileged lady. This "fashion" is a form of imitation and social equalization, displaying a set of styles and trends in women's clothing and accessories that have been developed together from the mind-set of society. The role of women is a subject of particular attention because of the change of their position in a male-dominated society in which they had to maintain modesty and seriousness in the behaviors of clothing. This begins the steps that led to fill the gap between the roles of men and women in society and its customs in new contexts, such as for leisure and entertainment. Seaside tourism Seaside tourism was born in the middle of the 18th century. Before that period, the coastal landscape was synonymous with danger, where natural disasters occurred. Philosophers thought the sea was a sort of social power that separated people. Also, a lot of Shakespeare's stories about the sea is an emblem of chaotic travels and shipwrecks. In the 16th and 17th centuries, France was the cradle of a revolution. In those years, there was a change in the perspectives concerning the seaside. Starting from poetry, the ocean and the beach did not symbolize something frightful any longer. English doctors suggested to the nobles that going to the sea was therapy against melancholia and was helpful for the spleen. In the middle of the 19th century, Thomas Cook started to organize collective travel for the English nobles in the Mediterranean areas, especially in the French Riviera and Liguria. Between 1860 and 1914, Nice was one of the most famous places for holidays. The beach became a place of human consumption as a way to escape from the city, where the air was polluted and loud. The development of trains facilitated this cultural and commercial process. At the beach, people's bodies were the most potent cultural symbol because bodies represent cultural identities and styles. History The early 1800s was the beginning of a revolution in swimwear when women flocked to the beaches for seaside recreation—typically using knee-length, puffed-sleeved, wool dresses, often black in color, and featuring a sailor collar. This outfit had the goal of covering all of the woman's skin to avoid suntans, since being tan was a sign of belonging to the social class of common laborers. In that period, there were bathing machines, which were little wood houses on wheels hauled by horses, and were usually located along recreational beaches where the water was shallow. Inside these bathing machines, people undressed and were drawn out into deep water in order to let them swim. freely Afterwards, they would come back when their bath was finished, and get dressed again. By the end of the 19th century, there was a need to have swimsuits that were less burdensome. This allowed exposure of the sun and better comfort for the new popular seaside activities. However, at the time, the only game for women at the beach involved jumping through the waves while holding on a rope attached to a buoy, so the development of the bikini became essential to women. The bikini was introduced in 1946, when two French designers, Louis Reard and Jacob Heim, reinvented the female swimsuit by dividing it into two pieces. At the beginning of its invention, it was given the name of 'atome'. Although the bottom of the stomach was still covered, as it is not always today, this was an important transformation because this new form of beachwear was quickly accepted and gave women more physical and metaphorical freedom. In the 1950s, women's curves were emphasized together with vivid colors until the 1970s, when sexual revolution was in full force and was letting people show off their bodies. The cultural parameters were increasingly influenced by the media and being inspired by multiple TV series, such as the famous "Baywatch" show in 1989, where the high-cut leg become popular, modeling a look of sports. Nowadays, fashion continues on this track. The swimwear industry is driven by the influences of ever-changing fashion styles, and the media, such as TV, advertising, and the web. Business Thanks to the birth of beachwear fashion, business developed in relation to swimwear. Occasions of use and materials The principal occasion of using beachwear was the maritime holiday, where the most used material in the making of swimwear was the Lycra that was created in 1958. It had the ability to stretch up to 7 times its original size, and then it could return to the original size. In 1974, the Lycra enters into the market of beachwear. This transformation allowed the replacement of swimwear from wet and misshapen clothes to lighter garments. Another occasion refers to the use of beachwear in sport. In 2008, swimwear provided inserts of plastic material with the aim of reducing friction with the water and improving sport performance. An example is "Speedo LZR Racer," a suit with an ultra-light fabric. Fashion shows are another occasion of use where many brands choose to show their swimwear lines. In this case, the beachwear is created to attract attention. An example is the brand Victoria's Secret, who devotes entire shows to its swimwear line. Main competitors There are different companies and brands (online and offline) that produce beachwear in order to satisfy the market demand. Some examples are: Arena (swimwear), Bikinicolors, Bikinilovers, Calzedonia, Golden Point, Just Cavalli Beachwear, La Perla, Lovable, Parah, Pin-Up Stars, Speedo, Triumph, and Yamamay. Industry innovations Thanks to the development of science, society, and new technologies, there are innovations. The first concerns the birth of burkinis, created for Muslim women. This is similar to a diving suit made more feminine, so that these women can swim in comfortable clothes that respect their religious faith. Another innovation concerns ecological beach bags that are created using recycled sails. Even thongs present innovations: from Indonesia comes the Paperflop, the first thong made of recyclable and Eco-sustainable materials. Their bottom is made from recycled newspapers and other Eco-friendly materials, such as palm roots and husks of coconuts. As for the bikini, the Canadian Franky Shaw has developed a hydrophobic material that repels water. Something different is the Sponge Suit, which is designed in California, and is a bikini made with a material that absorbs pollutants: people will use it up to twenty-five times, and then it can be recycled. The cost is low and safe for those who use it—plus, it is Eco-friendly. Beachwear and social network Nowadays, it is important for companies or people with private businesses to sell their products on social platforms. In the past, the means of communication were magazines or TV, but now users prefer to use social network because it is faster and easier with the invention of smartphones and tablets. In fact, those who have at least one profile on one of these platforms are always increasing day by day. That is why it is essential for them to use social networks as selling platforms—to not only sell their products, but also to create a relationship with the users with active participation. This happens in all the market sectors. Now there are not only pages or profiles of beachwear companies, in which the buyer can compare the price, quality, material, and feedback, but also private sellers can focus directly on social platforms. In this case, users can purchase with a single click or comment. In brief, social networks simplify the sale and purchase markets in all sectors. See also Bikini in popular culture Swimsuit competition Underwear as outerwear Victoria's Secret Fashion Show References Bibliography Alain Corbin, The Lure of the Sea: The Discovery of the Seaside in the Western World, 1750-1840, Berkley, University of California Press, Douglas Booth, Australian Beach Cultures: The History of Sun, Sand and Surf, Psychology Press, 2001, Emma Salizzoni, Turismo lungo le aree costiere euro mediterranee: dalla scoperta, al consumo, al progetto del paesaggio, Firenze University Press, January - June 2012 Category:Swimsuits

Martin Kilcoyne Martin J. Kilcoyne (born March 17, 1968) is the sports director at KTVI-TV FOX 2 in St. Louis, Missouri. Kilcoyne anchors the 5, 6 and 9 p.m. sportscasts on Sunday through Thursday nights. From 2006-2010, Kilcoyne was FOX 2's play-by-play announcer for the St. Louis Rams' pre-season football games. Kilcoyne hosts The Martin Kilcoyne Show, a weekday (12:00 PM–3:00 PM CT) talk show on St. Louis-area radio station KTRS (AM) 550. St. Louis Magazine featured him on its 2007 "A-List." Kilcoyne was named "Best TV Sports Anchor" in St. Louis by The Riverfront Times. He won the 2008 Emmy for best Sports Anchor from the Mid-America Chapter of the National Academy of Television Arts & Sciences. Kilcoyne returned to his hometown of St. Louis when he joined FOX 2 in 1997. Before that, his broadcasting career took him to KNAZ-TV in Flagstaff, Arizona, WJFW-TV in Rhinelander, Wisconsin, and WISC-TV in Madison, Wisconsin. He is a 1990 graduate of Marquette University in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. References External links FOX 2 website Category:1968 births Category:Living people Category:American sports announcers Category:American television journalists Category:National Football League announcers Category:People from St. Louis Category:American sports radio personalities Category:American male journalists

2nd Miyakibashevo 2nd Miyakibashevo (; , 2-se Miäkäbaş) is a rural locality (a village) in Miyakibashevsky Selsoviet of Miyakinsky District, Russia. The population was 56 as of 2010. Geography The village is located 12 km from Kirgiz-Miyaki, 12 km from Anyasevo and 56 km from the nearest railway station (Aksyonovo). Ethnicity The village is inhabited by Bashkirs and other. Streets Tsentralnaya References External links 2nd Miyakibashevo on komandirovka.ru Category:Rural localities in Bashkortostan

Butler High School Butler High School may refer to: Butler High School (Augusta, Georgia) Butler High School (Butler, Missouri) Butler High School (New Jersey), Butler, New Jersey Butler High School (Butler, Oklahoma) Butler High School (Vandalia, Ohio) Butler High School (Butler, Pennsylvania) Butler County High School, Morgantown, Kentucky Butler Traditional High School, Louisville, Kentucky Candy Butler High School, King City, California David W. Butler High School, Matthews, North Carolina S. R. Butler High School, Huntsville, Alabama Butler College (Perth), Western Australia See also Butler College (disambiguation)

Eula Hall Eula Hall (born October 29, 1927) is a prominent Appalachian activist and healthcare pioneer who founded the Mud Creek Clinic in Grethel in Floyd County, Kentucky. Biography A self-described "hillbilly activist", Eula was born the second of seven surviving children of Lee D. and Nanny Elizabeth Riley, tenant farmers living in Joe Boner Hollow near Greasy Creek, Kentucky. At the age of nine she attended Greasy Creek Elementary School in Pike County and graduated from the eighth grade in five years. The local high school, over 20 miles away, was too far away for her to continue her education. She briefly worked in a World War II canning factory in Ontario, New York, at the age of fifteen, but was sent back to Kentucky on charges of 'inciting a labor riot' concerned with poor working conditions. Upon returning to the mountains, she moved to Floyd County where she worked as a domestic servant for wealthy families who were boarding mine, oil and drilling workers. It was there she met her first husband, McKinley, a coal miner. They married when she was seventeen and together had five children. All were born at home: one was born premature and deaf, and another died in infancy. She rose to prominence as an activist as a member of the local 979 community group and the East Kentucky Worker's Rights Organization. She created the Mud Creek Water District and served as president of the Kentucky Black Lung Association. During President Johnson's War on Poverty she joined the VISTA (Volunteers in Service to America) program and later became one of two local Appalachian Volunteers working in the area. In response to the failed War on Poverty health program in Floyd County, in 1973, she established the Mud Creek Clinic in Grethel, Kentucky. In 1977, she divorced her first husband and the next year married Oliver Hall, a retired miner. A biography of Eula Hall, entitled Mud Creek Medicine: The Life of Eula Hall and the Fight for Appalachia, was written by Kiran Bhatraju and published by Butler Books on November 15, 2013. Mud Creek Clinic In 1973, Hall opened the doors to The Mud Creek Clinic in Mud Creek, Kentucky, for the uninsured and the under-insured. She began with a $1,400 donation and the commitment of two local doctors who volunteered from Our Lady of the Way hospital in Martin, Kentucky. The clinic began in a rented trailer on Tinker Fork, but it soon outgrew the facility and Hall decided to move her own family into a two-bedroom mobile home and use her own house as the new location for the clinic. She converted the three bedrooms into six exam rooms and the rest of the house into waiting rooms and offices. At the time, the clinic didn't have its own pharmacy and medications had to be delivered from the local hospital after the clinic had closed. Hall would spend half the night delivering medication to patients who had been at the clinic that day. By 1977, the patient population was so great that Mud Creek Clinic was struggling to meet the needs of the community. Patients often came from as far as Tennessee, West Virginia, and Ohio to get medical care. Mud Creek Clinic then joined forces with Big Sandy Health Care, Inc. (BSHC) a local nonprofit health care organization that operated another community clinic in neighboring Magoffin County. This merger allowed Mud Creek to receive some federal funding and widen its patient care. After the merger, Hall stayed on as a patient advocate for the Mud Creek Clinic and continues to work in that capacity today. Clinic rebuilt following arson In 1982, Hall and the Mud Creek community suffered a great loss when the clinic burned down at the hand of a mysterious arsonist. The next morning Hall and the clinic doctor pulled a picnic table under a willow tree and treated patients who had scheduled appointments. She had the telephone company place a telephone on the tree so that patients could call the clinic. Hall then had two used trailers joined together to use as a temporary clinic. A few months after the fire, Hall received a letter from the Appalachian Regional Commission (ARC) stating that they would donate funds for a new facility for Mud Creek Clinic. One of the conditions of the funding was that the community would be required to provide $80,000 in matching funds. She called a public meeting and more than 400 people showed up and pledged their support. People gave money and items to be raffled off at auction, Hall organized a two-day radiothon that raised $17,000 and multiple chicken-and-dumpling dinners that earned $1,300 apiece. With Eula's leadership, the community raised $120,000 - $40,000 more than the necessary $80,000 required by the ARC. The extra money paid for new X-ray equipment for the clinic. The new clinic opened its doors in 1984 as a modern brick building. It is still the home of the clinic today. The clinic houses its own laboratory, X-ray machines, and pharmacy. The clinic has expanded to include an adjacent building that houses a dental clinic, clothing room, and a food pantry that serves more than 100 families per month. Current operations The Mud Creek Clinic had more than 213,000 patient encounters last year and no one is ever turned away. As social director, Hall counsels patients on disability claims and Social Security benefits, arranges financial aid for food and drugs, answers questions about food stamps and housing opportunities, and attends civic board meetings and hearings. When patients can't afford lawyers, she often represents them in court. She wins approximately four percent of her cases. Awards and recognition Hall has received numerous awards for her advocacy work, including honorary doctorates from Berea College - Berea, Kentucky; Midway College - Midway, Kentucky; Pikeville College - Pikeville, Kentucky and Trinity College - Hartford, Connecticut. She was honored at Berea College alongside the Nobel Peace Prize winner Archbishop Desmond Tutu. In 2004, the Appalachian Ministries Educational Resource Center presented Hall with the Annual David S. Shuller Spirit of AMERC Award. She has received personal letters from President George Bush, Senator Mitch McConnell, and Representative Hal Rogers, among other notables who have recognized the amazing work and the ongoing effort Hall has devoted to the health and well-being of eastern Kentucky. Highway 979, which runs through the Mud Creek area, was named the Eula Hall Highway in her honor during October 2006. Big Sandy Healthcare also has started two funds in tribute to Hall. The Eula Hall Patient Assistance Fund will cover healthcare costs for uninsured and indigent patients and the Eula Hall Scholarship Fund will provide financial assistance for area students pursuing careers in healthcare or social services. The clinic has been visited by former President Bill Clinton, Senator Edward Kennedy, Reverend Jesse Jackson, and John Edwards. References Resources . Eula Hall, director of Mud Creek Clinic, is one of the five people from eastern Kentucky interviewed by Appalshop to give their ideas about the causes of violence and offer possible solutions. Category:Living people Category:American health activists Category:VISTA volunteers Category:1927 births Category:People from Pike County, Kentucky Category:Berea College alumni Category:People from Floyd County, Kentucky Category:Kentucky women in health

Lew Hoad Lewis Alan Hoad (23 November 1934 – 3 July 1994) was an Australian world No. 1 tennis player whose career lasted from the early 1950s until the early 1970s. Hoad won four Grand Slam tournaments as an amateur (Australian, French and twice Wimbledon). He was a member of the Australian team that won the Davis Cup four times between 1952 and 1956. Hoad turned professional in July 1957 and won the Forest Hills Tournament of Champions event in 1959. He also won the Ampol Tournament of Champions at Kooyong in 1958, one of the richest tournaments of the era. He won the Ampol World Tournament Championship Tour in 1959–1960. During his career his main competitors were his longtime amateur tennis teammate Ken Rosewall and, throughout his professional career, Pancho Gonzales. Hoad was ranked in the world top ten for amateurs from 1952 until 1957, reaching the world No. 1 spot in 1956. He was ranked the world No. 1 professional in Kramer's official 1959–1960 Ampol ranking of all the contract professionals. He was ranked the world No. 1 tennis player, professional or amateur, for 1962 in a poll of 85 U.S. sports editors. Serious back problems plagued Hoad throughout his career, probably caused by a weight-lifting exercise he devised in 1954, particularly after he turned professional, and led to his effective retirement from tennis in 1967 although he made sporadic comebacks, enticed by the advent of the open era in 1968. In his autobiography, Jack Kramer, the professional tennis promoter and former player, rated Hoad as one of the 21 best players of all time. Rod Laver in 2012 rated Hoad as the greatest player of the "past champions" era of tennis and stated that power, volleying and explosiveness were his strengths. Following his retirement in 1972, Hoad and his wife Jenny operated a tennis resort, Lew Hoad's Campo de Tenis in Fuengirola, Spain, near Málaga. Hoad died of leukemia on 3 July 1994. Early life and career Lewis Hoad was born on 23 November 1934, in the working-class Sydney inner suburb of Glebe, the eldest of three sons of tramway electrician Alan Hoad and his wife Ailsa Lyle Burbury. Hoad started playing tennis at age five with a racket gifted by a local social club. As a young child, he would wake up at 5 a.m. and hit tennis balls against a wall and garage door until the neighbours complained, and he was allowed to practice on the courts of the Hereford Tennis Club behind the house. At age 10 he competed in the seaside tournament at Manly in the under 16 category. In his youth, he often played with Ken Rosewall, and they became known as the Sydney "twins", although they had very different physiques, personalities and playing styles. Their first match was in their early teens and was played as an opener of an exhibition match between Australia and America. Rosewall won 6–0, 6–0. Hoad built up great physical strength, especially in his hands and arms, by training at a police boys' club, where he made a name as a boxer. Hoad was about 12 when he was introduced to Adrian Quist, a former Australian tennis champion and then general manager of the Dunlop sports goods company. Quist played a couple of sets with Hoad and was impressed by his natural ability. When Hoad was 14 he left school and joined the Dunlop payroll, following the pattern of that 'shamateur' era when most of Australia's brightest tennis prospects were employed by sporting goods companies. Hoad had just turned 15 when he and Rosewall were selected to play for New South Wales in an interstate contest against Victoria. In November 1949, Hoad won the junior title at the New South Wales Championships, and the same weekend, he also competed in the final of the junior table tennis championship in Sydney. Tennis career Amateur career: 1951–1957 1951 Hoad's first Grand Slam tournament appearance was at the 1951 Australian Championships held in January at the White City Tennis Club in Sydney. He won his first match against Ronald McKenzie in straight sets but lost in the following round to defending champion Frank Sedgman. It was the only Grand Slam tournament he played that year. 1952 In 1952, he reached the third round of the Australian Championships, played in Adelaide, and in April, he was selected by the Australasian Lawn Tennis Association as member of the team to play in overseas tournaments. In May, before departing to Europe, he won the singles title at the Australian Hardcourt Championships after a five-set win in the final against Rosewall. Hoad, who had never played a tournament on clay courts, received a walkover in the first round of the French Championships and lost in straight sets to sixth-seeded and 1947 and 1951 finalist Eric Sturgess. In only their second appearance as a doubles team at a Grand Slam event, Hoad and Rosewall reached the French semifinal. Hoad subsequently played the Belgian tennis championships in Brussels in early June and reached the quarterfinal in which he was outclassed by Budge Patty. Hoad's first entry at the grass court Queen's Club Championship in June 1952 ended in the quarterfinal against countryman and eventual champion Frank Sedgman. A week later, he played his first match at the Wimbledon Championships defeating Beppe Merlo in a nervous and unimpressive five-set encounter. Wins against Rolando del Bello and Freddie Huber were followed by a fourth round loss against second-seeded and eventual finalist Jaroslav Drobný. Hoad and Rosewall caused an upset when they defeated second-seeded Gardnar Mulloy and Dick Savitt in the third round of the doubles event in a run that ended in the semifinal against Vic Seixas and Eric Sturgess. After a semifinal result at the Swedish championships in July, and an exhibition between Australia and West Germany, Hoad and the Australian team traveled to the United States under the guidance of coach Harry Hopman. As a preparation for his first U.S. Championships he played the Meadow Club Invitational (Southampton), Eastern Grass Court Championships (South Orange), and Newport Invitational before teaming up with Rosewall to reach the semifinal of the U.S. National Doubles Championships in Brookline. Hoad was the eighth seeded foreign player at the U.S. Championships. He won four matches to reach his first Grand Slam quarterfinal but due in part to making 64 errors could not overcome his countryman Sedgman who would win the tournament without losing a set. With Thelma Coyne Long he reached the final of the mixed doubles event, the first Grand Slam final of his career, but they lost in straight sets to Doris Hart and Frank Sedgman. An early loss at the Pacific Southwest Championships in September concluded his first overseas tour. In September, he was jointly ranked No. 10 in the world for 1952 with Rosewall by Lance Tingay of The Daily Telegraph. 1953 Hoad started 1953 poorly in the singles with a second-round exit against Clive Wilderspin at the Australian Championships in Melbourne after playing an uncharacteristic baseline game. He was more successful in doubles where he and Rosewall became the youngest team to win the Australian doubles title after a victory in the final against Mervyn Rose and Don Candy. In March, Hoad successfully defended his singles title at the Australian Hardcourt Championships, defeating Rosewall in a five set semifinal, and 34-year-old John Bromwich in the final. In the semifinal, he survived six matchpoints against Rosewall. Two weeks later, Hoad lost the final of the N.S.W. Hardcourt Championships against Mervyn Rose. Hoad's second overseas tour started in late April, and after an exhibition in Cairo at the Gezira Sporting Club, he entered the Italian Championships in Rome. He reached the final, losing to Drobný in straight sets but won the doubles title with Rosewall. At the French Championships in May, Hoad was seeded fourth and made it to the quarterfinals in which he lost to Vic Seixas due to overhitting and an unreliable serve. Hoad and Rosewall followed up their Australian title with a win at the French Championships after a three-set win in the final against countrymen Rose and Wilderspin. In June Hoad's attacking serve-and-volley game proved too good for Wimbledon favorite Rosewall in the final of the Queen's Club Championship and he won the tournament without losing a set. At Wimbledon, Hoad was seeded sixth, and as at the French, Vic Seixas defeated him in the quarterfinal, this time in a close five-set match that ended on a Hoad double fault. In an all-Australian doubles final Hoad and Rosewall defeated Hartwig and Rose to win their third Grand Slam doubles title of the year. Hoad lost to Enrique Morea in the final of the Dutch Championships in mid July. He won his first title on U.S. soil in South Orange at the Eastern Grass Court Championships in mid August, defeating compatriot Rex Hartwig in the final. In the semifinal against Rosewall, he pulled a back muscle. Hoad and Rosewall's hopes of winning the doubles Grand Slam, two years after fellow Australians Ken McGregor and Frank Sedgman had first achieved that feat, were dashed when they lost surprisingly in the third round of the U.S. Doubles Championships. As the second-seeded foreign player, Hoad was one of the favorites for the singles title at the U.S. Championships. He won four matches to reach the semifinal where for the third time in 1953 he lost in a Grand Slam event to Vic Seixas. Following his defeat, and that of Rosewall in the other semifinal, there was criticism in the press that both 18-year-old players were physically and mentally worn out due to the intensive schedule imposed by coach Harry Hopman. In September, Seixas again beat Hoad, this time in the semifinal of the Pacific Southwest Championships in Los Angeles. Hoad was rested a few weeks upon his return to Australia and then entered the Queensland Championships in early November where he won the singles title in a 41-minute final against Hartwig. Two weeks later, Hoad won the N.S.W. Championships after a four-set victory in the final over Rosewall in front of a 10,000 Sydney crowd but had trouble with a sore right elbow. His good form continued in early December at the Victorian Championships when he again defeated Rosewall in the final. The much anticipated Davis Cup challenge round match against defendants United States took place at the Melbourne Kooyong Stadium in late December. Surprisingly Hartwig was selected to partner Hoad in the doubles instead of Rosewall, a decision widely criticized in the press. In the opening singles matches, Hoad defeated Seixas, his nemesis that season, in straight sets, while Trabert defeated Rosewall, also in straight sets. Hoad and Hartwig lost the doubles match against Seixas and Trabert and Australia trailed 1–2 at the start of the final day. Hoad is remembered for his match as a 19-year-old amateur against the United States champion Tony Trabert. In a hard-fought match in front of a 17,000 crowd, Hoad defeated Trabert in five sets to help his country retain the Cup. It was seen as one of the best Davis Cup matches in history. Directly following the final, Hoad received his call-up papers for National Service. Hoad was ranked No. 5 in the world for the year according to Lance Tingay. Hoad won 10 tournaments in 1953 and was 6 wins and 0 losses against Rosewall that year. 1954 In January, Hoad played just one tournament before entering his National Service training. At the South Australian Championships in Adelaide he reached the final but sub-par play led to a straight-sets defeat to Trabert. On 13 January, Hoad joined the 13th National Service Training battalion in Ingleburn for a period of 98 days and commented that "It will be a welcome break from tennis". As a consequence, Hoad was unable to participate in the Australian Championships. At the end of February, Hoad received a leave from service to play for the Australian team in the third test match against South Africa in front of the Queen and Duke of Edinburgh. He played a singles match, a doubles match with Rosewall and a mixed-doubles match with his girlfriend Jenny Staley. When Hoad returned to service, he was bitten by a spider while on maneuvers which caused him to become ill and hospitalized him for ten days. He spent two days in coma which was not made public. While he was in service, Hoad devised a weight-lifting exercise, doing push-ups with round 50 lb. weights placed on his back, which Hoad later believed probably initiated his back trouble. Hoad left the National Service at the end of April and his third overseas tour with an Australian team started on 5 May. For the first time in his career, Hoad was the top-seeded player at a Grand Slam tournament when he entered the French Championships but he failed to live up to it when he lost in the fourth round to 41-year-old Gardnar Mulloy. Hoad reached the doubles final with Rosewall but the pair were soundly beaten by Seixas and Trabert in a 56-minute final. Partnering Maureen Connolly, who had won the women's singles title, Hoad won the mixed-doubles event after a win in the final against Jacqueline Patorni and Rex Hartwig. In June, Hoad overcame countryman Rose in the final of the Queen's Club Championship to successfully defend his 1953 singles title. Hoad was one of the favorites for the Wimbledon Championships and was seeded second behind Trabert. In the fourth round, Hoad avenged his loss to Mulloy at the French Championships, defeating him in four sets. In the quarterfinal the powerful service and excellent returns of 33-year-old Jaroslav Drobný proved too much for Hoad and he was beaten in straight sets within the hour. Hoad and Rosewall were unable to defend their Wimbledon doubles title after losing in fives sets in the semifinal to Seixas and Trabert. A surprise loss against Roger Becker in the semifinal at the Midlands Counties Championships in Birmingham was followed in mid-July by winning the singles title at the Swiss Championships in Gstaad. As in the previous year, Hoad met Rosewall in the Eastern Grass Court Championships in August, this time in the final, and again the titleholder was victorious, overpowering Rosewall to win the singles title in three straight sets. At Newport in mid August, Hoad was beaten by 17-year-old compatriot Roy Emerson who won the deciding set 8–6. For the third time in 1954, Seixas and Trabert defeated Hoad and Rosewall at a Grand Slam doubles event, winning the U.S. Doubles Championships in Brookline. Hoad, seeded first among the foreign players at the U.S. Championships, failed to live up to his seeding when he lost to Ham Richardson in a five-set quarterfinal. His lackluster form continued when he was defeated by unseeded Luis Ayala in the quarterfinal of the Pacific Southwest Championships in mid-September. After returning to Australia at the end of September, Hoad scheduled extra practice to work on his serve and volley but subsequently lost to Don Candy in the semifinal of the Sydney Metropolitan Championships. In early November, matters briefly improved as he consolidated the Queensland title in Brisbane. In the final, he overcame a sunstroke and the loss of sets three and four by 0–6 to defeat Hartwig in five sets. In mid-November, he was upset by veteran John Bromwich who better exploited the windy conditions in the quarterfinal of the N.S.W. Championships. At the Victorian Championships, the last significant tournament before the Davis Cup Challenge Round, Hoad was defeated in straight sets in the semifinal by Seixas. As in the previous match against Sven Davidson he showed such poor form and at times an apparent lack of interest that he was jeered by the crowd and several left after he smashed a ball into the stands. The 1954 Davis Cup Challenge Round was played on 27–29 December on the grass courts at the White City Stadium in Sydney between title holders Australia and the United States. Hoad played the first rubber, in front of a record crowd of 25,000, which he lost to world No. 1, Trabert, in a high-quality four-set match. Rosewall also lost his singles match and the United States won back the cup after Seixas and Trabert defeated Hoad and Rosewall in four sets in the doubles rubber. At the end of an erratic and ultimately disappointing season Hoad's world ranking slipped to No. 7. In a 1956 interview, Hoad admitted that especially in 1954 he often got fed-up with tennis and didn't care whether he played or not. 1955 Hoad started the 1955 season on a low note when he was unable to play the South Australian tennis championship in early January due to a torn ligament. To some surprise he entered the mixed doubles event at the 1955 Australian Championships with his girlfriend Jenny Staley and the pair finished as runner-ups to Thelma Coyne Long and George Worthington. In the singles event, Hoad reached his first Grand Slam tournament final after solid wins over Seixas (quarterfinal) and Hartwig (semifinal). In the final Rosewall's accuracy and control, however, were too strong for him and he lost in three straight sets. Hoad did not participate in the French Championships as the Davis Cup team that he was part of only left for Europe at the end of May during the Championships. In the singles final of the Queen's Club Championship in mid-June Hoad, who had gotten married earlier that day, lost his service seven times and lost to Rosewall in two straight sets but won the doubles event with Hartwig. Hoad was the fourth-seeded player at the Wimbledon Championships at the end of June. In his quarterfinal match against seventh-seeded Budge Patty, his game lacked accuracy and he conceded a break in each set resulting in a loss in straight sets. Hoad was the second-seeded foreign player at the U.S. Championships in September held on the muddy courts of Forest Hills. In the quarterfinal, he lost his service three times in succession in the third set and suffered a straight-sets defeat in 50 minutes against Trabert, the first-seeded U.S. player, and eventual champion. Having lost the Davis Cup in 1954, Australia had to play through the 1955 Davis Cup preliminary rounds to challenge holders United States. In July, Australia defeated Mexico, Brazil and Canada to win the Americas Zone and subsequently beat Japan and Italy in the Inter-zone matches in August. In the Challenge Round, played at the West Side Tennis Club, Forest Hills from 26–28 August, Hoad defeated the French and Wimbledon champion Trabert in four sets in his first singles rubber and with Hartwig won the doubles match to reclaim the cup for Australia. In his first significant tournament after the Davis Cup, Hoad won the New South Wales Championships in November after a win in the final against Rosewall. In December, he added the singles title at the Victorian Championships after a tough five-sets final win over 19-year old Ashley Cooper. At the end of the year he was ranked No. 3 in the world according to Tingay. 1956 Hoad started the year with a five-set defeat in the final of the South Australian Championships against countryman Neale Fraser. At the following Manly tournament, the crowd overflowed the stands during the final hindering Rosewall's baseline game more than Hoad's, resulting in a straight-sets win for Hoad in 35 minutes. At the Australian Championships, played in Brisbane, Hoad overcame a two sets to one deficit against Mervyn Rose in the quarterfinal and beat Neale Fraser in the semifinal to reach his second consecutive Australian final. His opponent was again Ken Rosewall, and this time Hoad overcame his rival and titleholder in four sets to win his first Grand Slam singles title. His success was completed by winning the doubles title with Rosewall against Don Candy and Mervyn Rose. At the beginning of March, Hoad and his wife left for an overseas private tour, i.e. a tour sanctioned but not organized by the Australian tennis federation. First stop of the tour was Cairo where Hoad won the singles title at the Egyptian Championships against Sven Davidson followed by a tournament win in Alexandria over Fred Kovaleski. At Monte Carlo in late March, he was surprisingly beaten by Tony Vincent in the quarterfinal. In the Australian ranking published in April, reflecting the season until the end of March, Hoad overtook Rosewall as No. 1. Singles titles at the Lebanese Championships and at the Connaught Club in Essex followed in April but the month ended with a semifinal loss to Ham Richardson at the British Hard Court Championships in Bournemouth. Hoad won his first Italian Championships on the clay courts of the Foro Italico in Rome in early May when he outplayed Sven Davidson in straight sets. At the French Championships, Hoad survived a five-set scare against Robert Abdesselam in the third round before winning the final against Sven Davidson in straight sets to claim his second consecutive Grad Slam singles title. Unknown to the public, Hoad had stayed up the night previous to the final, invited by a Russian diplomat, and was drunk when he came home. An intensive workout by Rod Laver got him into a state that allowed him to play the final. In May, Hoad won the International Golden Ball tournament in Wiesbaden, West Germany after a straight-sets victory in the final over Art Larsen but at the Trofeo Conde de Godó in Barcelona, he lost in the quarterfinal to Bob Howe. As a preparation for Wimbledon, Hoad elected to play the singles event at the Northern Championships in Manchester instead of the Queen's Club Championships. He reached the final but had to bow for 34-year old Jaroslav Drobný who won the deciding set 7–5. Hoad was seeded first for the Wimbledon Championships and was the pre-tournament favorite. He lost two sets along the way to reach the final, in which he faced Rosewall. In the first all-Australian final since 1922, Hoad was victorious in four sets to gain his first Wimbledon and third successive Grand Slam championship title. Hoad also won the doubles title with Rosewall, their third Wimbledon title, outclassing Orlando Sirola and Nicola Pietrangeli in the final in straight sets. Following his Wimbledon title he entered the Midlands tournament and was beaten in the semifinal by Mike Davies. In August, Hoad won the singles title at the German Championships, held on the clay courts at Hamburg, with a four-set defeat of Orlando Sirola in the final. Shortly after Wimbledon, Hoad experienced severe pain and stiffness in his lower back, at a level higher than before the tournament. He arranged to travel to the U.S. by boat on the RMS Queen Mary rather than suffer a long plane trip. However, the pain continued and reduced the level of his play for the remainder of the year and into 1957. After his transatlantic voyage in August, Hoad played directly in the U.S. Championships, having missed the preparatory tournament at Newport. Having won the first three stages of the Grand Slam, Hoad was favoured to win the fourth and then turn professional for a lucrative contract offered by Jack Kramer. In an upset, however, he lost the final in four sets to Rosewall in the U.S. Championships at Forest Hills. Hoad and Rosewall won the doubles title against Seixas and Richardson. After this, Hoad played in the O'Keefe Invitational at the Toronto Lawn Tennis Club in Rosedale, Toronto on a red clay surface. He defeated Luis Ayala in the semifinal and Sven Davidson in a four set final. At the Pacific Southwest Championships in September, the last leg of his overseas tour before returning to Australia, Hoad was beaten by Alex Olmedo in the third round. In early November he lost the final of the Queensland Championships to Ashley Cooper in five sets and was hindered by numbness in the serving arm between the elbow and the wrist. The following week Hoad had to retire from the New South Wales Championships during his first round match against Ross Sherriff due to a sore arm. In mid December Hoad and Rosewall competed in the final of the Victorian Championships which was their last final as amateurs as Rosewall turned professional at the end of the month. The final started late due to rain and was stopped due to darkness at two sets to one for Hoad but the following day Rosewall won the last two sets and the title. In late December, Hoad was part of the Australian Davis Cup team which successfully defended the cup in the Challenge Round against the United States who were weakened by the absence of Tony Trabert who had turned professional in the fall of 1955. In his last Davis Cup appearance, Hoad won both his singles rubbers, against Herbie Flam and Seixas, as well as his doubles match with Rosewall to help Australia to a 5–0 victory. Hoad was confined to bed with back pain for the two days prior to the Davis Cup matches, and was relieved to find that he could play well. At the end of the year, Hoad was ranked No. 1 in the world for the first time in his career. 1957 Hoad played poorly in early 1957, due to back trouble, and was placed in an upper body cast for six weeks, following which he slowly returned to tennis competition in April 1957. He then experienced a period of pain-free playing for 11 months. Hoad won his second successive Wimbledon singles title, defeating Ashley Cooper in a straight-sets final that lasted 57 minutes. After the tournament, he turned professional by signing a two-year contract with Kramer for a record guarantee of $125,000 which included a $25,000 bonus for winning the 1957 Wimbledon singles title. In addition, Hoad would receive 20% of the gate receipts for each match, along with a 5% bonus if he won the match (against Gonzales). This "percentage of gate" clause of the contract would result in Hoad earning over £50,000 sterling ($140,000) in the first 11 months of his pro career (through May, 1958) and £71,400 sterling ($200,000) by late 1959. Hoad's biographers state that Hoad earned "nearly $200,000" by the end of the 1958 tour. By turning professional, Hoad was no longer eligible to compete in the amateur Grand Slam tournaments. Professional career: 1957–1966 Jack Kramer's first attempt to sign Hoad and Rosewall for his professional tour came in September 1954 when both players were in Los Angeles for the Pacific Coast Championships. Both signed a contract but later changed their minds and elected to remain amateurs. A renewed offer in October 1955 was also turned down. Fresh from his victory over Hoad at the 1956 U.S. Championships, it was Ken Rosewall who first signed the professional contract and went on to spend the new year as the regular victim of Pancho Gonzales on the pro tour. 1957 In July 1957, Hoad won his debut match as a professional against Frank Sedgman at the Forest Hills Tournament of Champions. He won his next match, against Pancho Segura, but then lost nine straight matches to various opponents as he adjusted to the pro tour. After Forest Hills, Hoad commented on the difference between amateur and professional tennis: "It's an entirely different league. These pros make mistakes but they don't make them on vital points. That's the difference." In September during a four-man tour of Europe by Hoad with Kramer, Rosewall, and Segura, Kramer and Hoad were interviewed by BBC television. Kramer stated in that interview his estimation of Hoad's game: "I feel that he's potentially the best player that tennis might ever have." 1958 In 1958 a series of 100 head-to-head matches was planned between Hoad and the reigning champion of professional tennis, Pancho Gonzales. The series started in January in a number of Australian cities in major stadiums on grass courts with a best-of-five set format, and at the end of the Australian subtour, Hoad was leading 8–5. The key match of the Australian series was the second Kooyong encounter, which Hoad won in four sets, a marathon 80 games, 4–6, 9–7, 11–9, 18–16 which leveled the series at five wins each. Hoad followed-up with a 15 to 3 winning streak against Gonzales (including the non-tour Kooyong Tournament of Champions deciding match). In February, the series continued in the United States, mostly in indoor venues and local gyms with a best-of-three set format. Hoad won 18 of the first 27 matches, and on 28 February, Gonzales met with Kramer and indicated that he had lost confidence of winning the series. However, after they played an outdoor match on 1 March on a chilly night in Palm Springs, Hoad's back stiffened which affected him significantly for the rest of the series. Twice Hoad was forced to take time off to rest his back and was substituted for in his absence by Rosewall and Trabert. From 9–18 Gonzales surged to a 26–23 lead, and at the end of the series on 8 June, he had defeated Hoad by 51 matches to 36. Gross receipts for the American portion of that series were reported in a Daily Mail interview with Hoad in 1959 to be $240,000. For the 1958/1959 seasons, Kramer had a powerful troupe of professional champions, including 11 Hall of Fame players, under contract, and he designed a series of major tournaments to provide a format in which all of them could participate. Kramer designated four tournaments as professional majors, Forest Hills, Kooyong, L.A. Masters, and Sydney White City. Hoad won three of these eight tournaments in 1958/59. In January 1958, Hoad won the Kooyong Tournament of Champions in Melbourne, with prize money of AUS£10,000 ($22,400). The tournament was funded by the Australian oil company Ampol. Hoad defeated Gonzales in the deciding match, and won all five of his matches in the round-robin event. He received AUS£2,500 ($5,600) for his win, a record payday in pro tennis. In the final of the Cleveland World Pro on 5 May, Hoad lost a two-set lead against Gonzales while struggling with a leg-muscle injury. Hoad dropped out of the tour in late May to rest his thigh injury. At the Forest Hills Tournament of Champions in June 1958, Hoad's thigh injury healed in time for his final match which he won against Gonzales on the final day in a weekend match televised nationally on CBS. The reporter for the L.A. Times called this Hoad/Gonzales broadcast "one of the most sensational displays of tennis that I can remember." However, Gonzales won the event with a better overall round-robin record. At Roland Garros in September, Hoad won his quarterfinal against Trabert, and his semifinal against Gonzales. While leading in the final against Rosewall, Hoad wrenched his back reaching for a ball, and could not play well in the remainder of the match. He had to default the Wembley Pro tournament in September due to an "arthritic" back.Hoad rested for the next three months and did not play again until 1959. Hoad had earned $140,000 through May of 1958, and nearly $200,000 by the end of the 1958 season. 1959 In early 1959, he began the Ampol world championship tournament series slowly, hampered by an elbow injury. However, at the end of January, Hoad defeated Rosewall and Cooper to win at Perth and in February 1959, he defeated Rosewall in three sets to win the South Australian Pro Championships in Adelaide. This gave Hoad the lead in Ampol points after the first group of five tournaments, a lead he would never relinquish until the series ended in January 1960. The Ampol World Series resumed in North America in June with the L.A. Masters at the L.A. Tennis Club on cement, followed by the O'Keefe Professional Championships at the Toronto Lawn Tennis Club in Rosedale, Toronto on red clay, and the Forest Hills Tournament of Champions in New York City at the Forest Hills stadium on grass. In the four-man 1959 Kramer Pro Tour, which ran from mid-February through May in the United States, Hoad built a lead of 12 to 5 in his series of matches against Gonzales, after a win in Newcastle, Pennsylvania in late April. Gonzales stated that "I had blisters under my blisters from the punishment" on that tour. However, the daily grind of the tour began to cause a renewal of Hoad's back trouble, and he finally won against Gonzales by 15 matches to 13. He also won his head-to-head's with newly turned pro Ashley Cooper (18–2) and Mal Anderson (9–5). With a win-loss record of 42–20 he finished second in the four-man tour ranking behind Gonzales (47–15) and earned $28,250. Gross receipts for that four-month American series were reported in a Daily Mail interview with Hoad as $160,000. At the Cleveland World Pro Championships in late April, not part of the Ampol world tour, Hoad lost the final to Gonzales in three straight sets. At the Forest Hills Tournament of Champions in June 1959, broadcast nationally on the CBS television network, Hoad defeated Rosewall in the semifinal and Gonzales in the final, both in four sets, to claim the title. According to tennis journalist and author Joe McCauley this was the zenith of Hoad's career. In the August 1959 issue of World Tennis, Riggs wrote of the Forest Hills final, "the match signified the end of an era. The great Gonzales who had dominated professional tennis for four years had been decisively beaten..." In that same issue of World Tennis, it was noted that Hoad had been seeded No. 1 at Forest Hills and Gonzales seeded No. 2 on the basis of Ampol points. In August 1959, Hoad finished runner-up to Cooper at the Slazenger Professional Tournament in Eastbourne, not part of the Ampol tour. In September, Hoad lost to Sedgman in the semifinal of the French Pro at Roland Garros but defeated Rosewall in a playoff for third place. In the Grand Prix de Europe regional tour of European locations from August to October, which excluded Roland Garros and Wembley (components of the Ampol tour), Hoad finished in third place behind Sedgman and Rosewall (Gonzales defaulted the Grand Prix de Europe tour), and at the end of 1959, Kramer placed Hoad in fourth place in his personal world professional rating, while the French sportspaper L'Équipe ranked Hoad fifth. However, Kramer's Australian tennis agent Bob Barnes placed Hoad in first spot, corresponding to Hoad's standing on the official Ampol ranking. The Ampol World Series moved back from Europe to Australia where it was completed with five tournaments in November and December/January. Hoad won the Perth and Adelaide events to begin the final series. The final event of the Ampol world tennis championship, the Qantas Kooyong Championships, began on 26 December 1959 with prize money of AUS£6,000 ($13,440). On 2 January 1960, Hoad defeated Rosewall in a three-hour, four-set match to win the Qantas Kooyong round-robin tournament, a match which Kramer acclaimed as one of the best ever played. With this win also came the Ampol world tournament tour championship trophy and bonus prize of AUS£2,500 ($5,600). The Ampol World Series tour had consisted of 15 tournaments around the world played between 10 January 1959 and 2 January 1960. Hoad finished first on the tour with 51 bonus points, ahead of Gonzales (43 points) and Rosewall (41 points). Hoad won six of the 15 tournaments and 71% (36/51) of his matches on the tour, while Gonzales won four tournaments and 72% (26/36) of his matches. Gonzales defaulted three Ampol tournaments, and played 15 fewer matches than Hoad. Hoad was three wins and five losses in matches against Gonzales in the Ampol World Series, although Hoad and Gonzales were two wins and two losses against each other in tournament deciding matches. Hoad won six of his eight matches against Rosewall on the Ampol world tour. The Melbourne newspaper "The Age" for 4 January 1960 declared, Hoad "was crowned the new world professional tournament champion at Kooyong" by winning the Ampol world series. French language "L'Impartial" for 6 January 1960 declared "Lewis Hoad world champion", the win at Kooyong "allows him at the same time to claim the world title for 1959". The order of finish of the 12 professionals on the Ampol tour was designated by Kramer to be the official ranking for 1959, and determined the seeding list for all tournaments.. The field of professional players for the Ampol World Series included 11 present-day members of the International Tennis Hall of Fame. This would turn out to be Hoad's only professional world championship tour victory in three full attempts, and the only world championship tournament series reported between 1946 and 1964. Kramer's office reported that for the 1959 year as a whole, Hoad had won his personal series of matches against Gonzales 24 to 23. He withdrew from the 1960 world championship tour, citing a need for family time. By then Hoad had made approximately $200,000 since turning pro, while another report had his career earnings at $224,000 including $70,000 in 1959 alone. Hoad's biographers stated that he made "almost $200,000" by the end of the 1958 season. He also estimated his endorsement income at about $22,400 per year, plus investment returns on a hotel ownership with other players. The total would be well over $250,000 through 1959. It was reported that Hoad would likely earn more in 1959 than top baseball player Mickey Mantle and the best-paid American football players. 1960 Hoad had been the number-one money winner in pro tennis for both 1958 and 1959, and his initial contract with Kramer was renegotiated in early February 1960, as well as Rosewall's, for a seven year term to run through the 1966 season. Hoad took a three-month layoff at the beginning of 1960 to rest his back and spend time with his family. When he returned to play, he was rusty, slow, and carried some extra weight, but he gradually recovered his form. He won a New Zealand tour in April, over Anderson, Sedgman, and Cooper. In May, he lost a five-set final to Rosewall at the Melbourne Olympic Pool where a court was set up on the drained pool floor. Hoad won tournament finals in June at Santa Barbara, California and in September at Geneva, Switzerland, both over Rosewall, but appeared out of condition in the Roland Garros final against Rosewall. In 1960, Hoad won the first Japanese Professional Championships in Tokyo, beating Rosewall, Cooper, and Gimeno to win the $10,000 tournament. In the final, Hoad prevailed at 13–11 in the fifth set over Rosewall. 1961 Hoad played a few matches on the 1961 pro championship tour in January, but soon withdrew because of a broken left foot and was substituted for by first Trabert and then Sedgman. He finished fourth in a tour of five Soviet cities in July. In September, Hoad lost in the first round of the French Pro to Luis Ayala, and at the Wembley Pro, he defeated Gonzales in a four-set semifinal but lost in a four-set final to Rosewall, appearing stiff and sluggish. Also that month, Hoad and Gonzales had already played a ten-match tour of Britain and Ireland, with Buchholz and Davies playing the undercard matches. Hoad won his series against Gonzales by a score of six matches to four. (The Sun-Herald, 8 October 1961, relying on the "Australian pros", reported Hoad winning seven of ten matches on that tour.) Hoad won four of the five matches in the series which were played on grass. The four players shared AUS£9,000 ($20,160). In November, Hoad won the fifth and deciding rubber for Australia against the United States in the inaugural Kramer Cup (the pro equivalent of the Davis Cup) by beating Trabert in four sets. Trabert said afterwards: "Trying to stop Lew in that final set was like fighting a machine gun with a rubber knife". L'Équipe ranked Hoad as the third-best player of the year. Gardnar Mulloy rated Hoad as world No. 1 for 1961 ahead of Gonzales, and the favourite to win a prospective open Wimbledon. 1962 There was no official pro championship tour in 1962, as Laver had declined to accept pro offers made by Kramer at the 1961 Wimbledon. Kramer resigned as tour promoter and director. Kramer's continuing player contracts, Hoad's contract among them, were assumed by the players in their own association, the International Professional Tennis Players Association. From 14 to 17 March 1962, Hoad won the Adelaide Professional Championships, beating Rosewall, Gimeno, and Sedgman, the final against Rosewall very close. On 12 August 1962, Hoad was awarded the Facis Trophy for winning the Italian tour. Hoad won the professional tournament in Zürich in September 1962 by a win in the final against Pancho Segura. In the 1962 Kramer Cup tournament, in best-of-five set formats, Hoad defeated Gimeno in the semifinal tie in Turin, Italy on clay, and Hoad won the opening match of the final at Adelaide in December against Olmedo on grass. Hoad was voted the top tennis player of 1962 in a poll by 85 U.S. sports editors. 1963 In January 1963, Hoad and Rosewall guaranteed the contract of new pro Rod Laver, and Hoad and Rosewall, longtime teammates, became the proprietors of the professional tour. Hoad agreed to reduce his own share of money taken in at the gate for the upcoming 1963 tour of Australia (his share dropped to 15%) in order for Laver to be able to take 25% of the gate, which arrangement would help Laver earn his guarantee more quickly. In January, Hoad went 8–0 over Laver in a series of matches in Australia, some of which were best-of-five and televised from sold-out stadiums. (Laver and Buchholz, who was also present on the undercard of the tour, both later claimed that there were 13 matches and a 13 to zero score for Hoad over Laver.) Hoad was then inactive for five months due to a shoulder injury. On his return in June, he lost to Laver in the semifinal of the Adler Pro, and at the Forest Hills U.S. Pro tournament he lost to Buchholz in the first round. The Forest Hills event did not have a television contract, was a financial failure, and the players, with the exception of Gonzales, were not paid. At the French Pro indoor event at Stade Coubertin in September, Hoad was defeated in straight sets by Rosewall in the semifinal and lost the third place play-off against Sedgman. At the Wembley Pro, he reached the final after surviving a marathon semifinal against Buchholz in which he strained his leg muscle and was limping throughout most of the match. Hoad was tired and sluggish in the final, which again he lost to Rosewall, this time in four sets. McCauley acclaimed the semi-final with Buchholz "one of the best contests ever staged at Wembley". At the end of the year, Laver had become the No. 2 professional player behind Rosewall, although Hoad held a head-to-head advantage over Laver on the year. Hoad's gross earnings from tennis play for the year were about $20,000, or fifth among the pro players. However, in addition to this prize money, Hoad's contract and the guarantees associated with it were reportedly met by a distribution of tournament profits above the purse prize money to meet his contract rights, inherited from the Kramer era by the IPTPA.. Gonzales expressed disapproval of the distribution of profits to those players with guaranteed contract levels. 1964–66 In February and March 1964, Hoad played a 16-day tour of New Zealand with Laver, Rosewall, and Anderson. Hoad and Laver both finished on top with seven wins and five losses, but Hoad won first place with a 3 to 1 head-to-head score against Laver. In late September 1964, Hoad and Gonzales played a four match best-of-three sets head-to-head series in Britain, at Brighton, Carlyon Bay (Cornwall), Cardiff (Wales), and Glasgow (Scotland). Hoad won the first three matches at Brighton, Carlyon Bay, and Cardiff, while Gonzales won the final match at Glasgow. Hoad experienced foot trouble in 1964 and finished in sixth place in the tournament series points system. In early 1965, much of his large right toe was removed, and he was only able to play a limited schedule thereafter. Hoad won his final victory against Laver on 24 January 1966 at White City in Sydney, his home town, defeating him in straight sets. Back problems plagued Hoad throughout his career and forced his retirement from the tennis tour in 1967 but the advent of the Open Era enticed him to make sporadic comebacks. According to research done for a 1970 British Pathé documentary film on Hoad's tennis ranch, Hoad had earned GBP 350,000 ($840,000 in 1970 exchange rates) during the course of his playing career. In a 1977 newspaper interview, Hoad's career earnings were stated to be GBP 250,000 ($436,000 per 1977 exchange rate). Open era Hoad participated in the 1967 Wimbledon Pro, a three-day BBC televised tournament organized by the All-England Club as a trial for "open" tennis and as such the first Wimbledon tournament open to male professional tennis players. Hoad was one of the eight players invited for the singles event and despite being in semi-retirement and without competitive play for ten months, he won his first match against 39-year-old Gonzales in three sets. The BBC television commentator called it "the finest match ever seen on these hallowed grounds." This would be the last match on grass between Hoad and Gonzales, with Hoad holding a lifetime edge on grass over Gonzales of 20 matches to 14. With little energy left he lost the semifinal to Rosewall in two straight sets. Hoad reached the final of the Irish Championships at Dublin in July 1968 but lost to Tom Okker in straight sets, hampered by a thigh injury. In November 1969, Hoad won the Dewar Cup Aberavon singles title, part of the Dewar Cup indoor circuit, after defeating Bob Hewitt in the final in two sets. At the 1970 Italian Open, he reached the third round which he lost in four sets to Alex Metreveli. At the 1970 French Open, he defeated Pasarell in four close sets, and reached the fourth round before succumbing to eventual finalist Željko Franulović. At Wimbledon that year he lost in the second round to Ismail El Shafei. In the spring of 1972, Hoad teamed up with Frew McMillan to play the doubles event at the Italian Open and reached the final against Ilie Năstase and Ion Ţiriac. They led 2–0 in sets but retired at 3–5 down in the fifth set in protest of the poor light conditions and the antics of the Rumanian pair. At the end of June, at the age of 37, he made his final Wimbledon appearance losing in the first round to Jürgen Fassbender in four sets. From 1970 to 1974, Hoad was the coach of the Spanish Davis Cup team. Playing style Strength of arm and wrist played an important part in Hoad's game, as he often drove for winners rather than rallying and waiting for the right opportunity. Although he assaulted his opponents, he also had the skill to win the French Championships on the slower clay court. Hoad played right-handed and had a powerful serve and groundstrokes but his game lacked consistency. At times Hoad had difficulty maintaining concentration. According to Kramer, "Hoad had the loosest game of any good kid I ever saw. There was absolutely no pattern to his game.... He was the only player I ever saw who could stand six or seven feet behind the baseline and snap the ball back hard, crosscourt. He'd try for winners off everything, off great serves, off tricky short balls, off low volleys. He hit hard overspin drives, and there was no way you could ever get him to temporise on important points." Kramer compares Hoad to Ellsworth Vines. "Both were very strong guys. Both succeeded at a very young age.... Also, both were very lazy guys. Vines lost interest in tennis (for golf) before he was thirty, and Hoad never appeared to be very interested. Despite their great natural ability, neither put up the outstanding records that they were capable of. Unfortunately, the latter was largely true because both had physical problems." Hoad was runner-up for the Australian junior table tennis championship in 1951, and developed strong wrists and arms through heavy weight-lifting regimes. Hoad would use wrist strength in his strokes to make last split-second changes in racquet direction. He would saw off about a half inch from the ends of his racquet handles, which were short to begin with, and move the grip higher to wield his racquets as if they were ping-pong bats. Assessment In 1956, his win/loss ratio in all matches was 114/129 or 88%. His win ratio in an injury-plagued 1958 was 41% (winning 64 of 155 matches). Hoad's win rates on the world championship tour that year (36/87 or 41%) and in the 1959 four-man tour (68%) compare favourably to Rosewall's percentages on the 1957 world championship tour (34%) and on the 1960 four man tour (56%). In the 1959 Ampol world tournament series, Hoad's winning percentage was 71% (36/51) compared to Gonzales' 72% (26/36). Gonzales defaulted three Ampol tournaments and played 15 fewer matches than Hoad on the tour. For the 1959 season as a whole, Hoad was credited with a 24 to 23 edge in wins against Gonzales, a series consistency which surpasses any other opponent of Gonzales during his world champion years. Hoad's consistency on grass surfaces is highlighted by his lifetime edge in play against Gonzales on grass of 20 to 14 (59%). Hoad trails Rosewall lifetime in grasscourt meetings, 18 to 26, Hoad's results declining after 1961. Hoad was 14 wins and 18 losses against Rosewall lifetime in grass court tournament play, Hoad was 8 wins and 10 losses lifetime on clay against Rosewall, and 11 wins and 11 losses lifetime on clay against Trabert. Lifetime on all surfaces, primarily indoor, Hoad trails Gonzales 77–104 and trails Rosewall 51–84. On outdoor surfaces, (grass, clay, and cement) Gonzales held a 36 to 31 lifetime edge over Hoad, or 53%. On the head-to-head world pro tours of the era, Hoad was 51 wins and 64 losses against Gonzales, the best head-to-head showing of any pro against the reigning champion Gonzales, and in spite of an extended period of substandard play during the 1958 season due to injury. On the 1959 Ampol world championship series of tournaments, Hoad's record was 3 wins and 5 losses against Gonzales, and 2 wins and 2 losses in tournament deciding matches Hoad was 6 wins and 2 losses against Rosewall on the 1959 Ampol tour. Hoad had a 15–13 edge over Gonzales in their meetings on the 4-man championship tour of 1959, but as Joe McCauley noted, Hoad was deprived of overall victory on this tour because he was less consistent than Gonzales when facing the rookie pros, Mal Anderson and Ashley Cooper. Hoad's combined record against the rookies was 27–7, admittedly a consistent edge, compared to Gonzales’ 34–0. Gonzales always maintained that Hoad was the toughest, most skillful adversary that he had ever faced. "He was the only guy who, if I was playing my best tennis, could still beat me." said Gonzales in a 1995 New York Times interview. "I think his game was the best game ever. Better than mine. He was capable of making more shots than anybody. His two volleys were great. His overhead was enormous. He had the most natural tennis mind with the most natural tennis physique." In a 1970 interview he stated that "Hoad was probably the best and toughest player when he wanted to be. After the first two years on the tour, his back injury plagued him so much that he lost the desire to practice. He was the only man to beat me in a head-to-head tour, 15 to 13." Kramer, however, had mixed feelings about Hoad's ability. In spite of calling him one of the 21 best players of all time, albeit in the second echelon, he also writes that "when you sum Hoad up, you have to say that he was overrated. He might have been the best, but day-to-day, week-to-week, he was the most inconsistent of all the top players." In a 1963 article in World Tennis Rosewall judges Gonzales to be a notch above Hoad but stated that "...the latter is the greatest of all time when he is 'on'.", an opinion echoed by Frew McMillan. In 2010, Rosewall rated Hoad at the top of his personal list of the top four greatest tennis players of all time. In 2007, Butch Buchholz rated Hoad as the greatest player of his era, but said he was "injury prone and not exactly a model of fitness". Buchholz stated that "If you had an Earth vs. Mars match, and had to send one man to represent the planet, I would send Hoad." Buchholz had played the undercard matches on Hoad's 1961 British tour against Gonzales, and Hoad's 1963 Australian tour against Laver. In July, 1961, Gardnar Mulloy rated Hoad as the greatest player of the time, based on his results against Gonzales, and named Hoad as the favourite to win a prospective open Wimbledon. Mulloy had beaten both Hoad and Gonzales in singles competition. Max Robertson, tennis author and commentator, rated Hoad as the best post-war Wimbledon player, followed by Gonzales and Laver, in his 1977 book Wimbledon 1877–1977. In the second edition (1981) his list was unchanged but in the third edition (1987) he listed Hoad second behind Boris Becker. In The Encyclopedia of Tennis (1973) sportswriters Allison Danzig and Lance Tingay as well as tennis coach and former player Harry Hopman listed their ten greatest players. Only Tingay included Hoad in his list, ranking him in fifth position. In 100 Greatest of All Time, a 2012 television series broadcast by the Tennis Channel, Hoad was ranked the 19th greatest male player. With his movie-star good looks, powerful physique, and outgoing personality, Hoad became a tennis icon in the 1950s. As Kramer says, "Everybody loved Hoad, even Pancho Gonzales. They should put that on Lew's tombstone as the ultimate praise for the man.... Even when Hoad was clobbering Gonzales, Gorgo wanted his respect and friendship." In a 1975 issue of Sports Illustrated, Arthur Ashe was quoted as relating a remark which Pancho Gonzales had said to him, "If there was ever a Universe Davis Cup, and I had to pick one man to represent Planet Earth, I would pick Lew Hoad in his prime." Rod Laver in 2012 rated Hoad as the greatest player of the 'past champions' era of tennis. Laver described his strengths of "power, volleying and explosiveness" as justification of his accolade. In a January 2019 interview, Laver stated that Hoad was "the best player who ever held a racquet. He had every shot in the book and he could overpower anyone. He was so strong." Pancho Gonzales made a similar assessment, "He was such a strong ****...when he tried, you just couldn't beat him. He hit the ball harder than anyone I ever played." Personal life Hoad proposed to his girlfriend, Australian tennis player Jenny Staley, on her 21st birthday party in March 1955 and they planned to announce their engagement in June in London while both were on an overseas tour. After arrival in London Jenny discovered that she was pregnant and the couple decided to get married straight away. The marriage took place the following day on 18 June 1955 at St Mary's Church, Wimbledon in London on the eve of Wimbledon fortnight. They have two daughters and a son. After announcing his retirement in 1967, due to persistent back problems, Hoad moved to Fuengirola, Spain, near Málaga, where he and his wife operated a tennis resort, Lew Hoad's Campo de Tenis, for more than thirty years entertaining personal friends such as actors Stewart Granger, Sean Connery, Deborah Kerr and her husband, Kirk Douglas, and saxophonist Stan Getz. In 1978, Hoad's back problem was successfully treated with spinal fusion surgery, and he was relieved of pain. There had been two ruptured discs and a herniation. The doctor asked one of Hoad's friends, "How on earth did this man walk, let alone play tennis?" Hoad was diagnosed with a rare and incurable form of leukemia on 13 January 1994 which caused his death on 3 July 1994. Press reports of a heart attack were incorrect. Hoad's personal physician specialist was his own son-in-law Dr. Manuel Benavides, who explained the cause of death. A book co-written with Jack Pollard and titled My Game ("The Lew Hoad story" in the USA) was published in 1958. In 2002, Pollard teamed up with his widow, Jenny, to write My Life With Lew. Hoad was inducted into the International Tennis Hall of Fame in Newport, in 1980 and this was followed in December 1985 by his induction into the Sport Australia Hall of Fame. In January 1995 he was posthumously inducted into the Tennis Australia Hall of Fame together with friend and rival Ken Rosewall. The ITF organizes a seniors tournament in his honor called The Lew Hoad Memorial ITF Veterans Tournament. The Kooyong Classic at Kooyong Stadium, the principal warm-up event for the Australian Open, awards the Lew Hoad Memorial Trophy to the winner of the men's singles. Kooyong stadium was the site of some of Hoad's greatest victories. Grand Slam and Pro Slam finals Singles Grand Slam finals (4–2) Pro Slam finals (0–7) Doubles: 13 (8 titles, 5 runner-ups) Mixed doubles: 4 (1 title, 3 runner-ups) Other significant finals Performance timeline Singles Hoad joined the professional tennis circuit in 1957 and as a consequence was banned from competing in the amateur Grand Slams until the start of the Open Era at the 1968 French Open. See also Overall tennis records – Men's Singles Notes References Sources Biographies External links Hoad vs. Rosewall, 1955 NSW final, White City, Sydney-newsreel Hoad vs. Sirola, 1956 German final, Hamburg, at 8:20-newsreel Hoad df. Rosewall, 1959 Roland Garros 3rd place-newsreel Lew Hoad Tennis and Paddle Club Category:Australian Championships (tennis) champions Category:Australian Championships (tennis) junior champions Category:Australian expatriates in Spain Category:Australian male tennis players Category:French Championships (tennis) champions Category:People from Fuengirola Category:Sportspeople from Sydney Category:Tennis people from New South Wales Category:International Tennis Hall of Fame inductees Category:United States National champions (tennis) Category:Wimbledon champions (pre-Open Era) Category:1934 births Category:1994 deaths Category:Grand Slam (tennis) champions in men's singles Category:Grand Slam (tennis) champions in mixed doubles Category:Grand Slam (tennis) champions in men's doubles Category:Deaths from leukemia Category:Professional tennis players before the Open Era Category:Grand Slam (tennis) champions in boys' singles Category:Grand Slam (tennis) champions in boys' doubles

Fitzmaurice, Saskatchewan Fitzmaurice is an unincorporated area in the rural municipality of Garry No. 245, in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. Fitzmaurice is located North of Highway 52 & West of Highway 617 in eastern Saskatchewan. See also List of communities in Saskatchewan List of rural municipalities in Saskatchewan References External links Saskatchewan City & Town Maps Saskatchewan Gen Web - One Room School Project Post Offices and Postmasters - ArchiviaNet - Library and Archives Canada Saskatchewan Gen Web Region Online Historical Map Digitization Project GeoNames Query 2006 Community Profiles Category:Ghost towns in Saskatchewan Category:Insinger No. 275, Saskatchewan Category:Unincorporated communities in Saskatchewan

Haute-Isle Haute-Isle is a commune in the Val-d'Oise department in Île-de-France in northern France. See also Communes of the Val-d'Oise department References INSEE Association of Mayors of the Val d’Oise External links Mérimée database - Cultural heritage Land use (IAURIF) Category:Communes of Val-d'Oise

Macedonia at the 2013 World Championships in Athletics Macedonia competed at the 2013 World Championships in Athletics in Moscow, Russia, from 10–18 August 2013. A team of 1 athlete was announced to represent the country in the event. Results (q – qualified, NM – no mark, SB – season best) Men References External links IAAF World Championships – Macedonia Category:Nations at the 2013 World Championships in Athletics World Championships in Athletics Category:Athletics in North Macedonia

Oliveirinha Oliveirinha is a civil parish in Aveiro Municipality, Aveiro District, Portugal. The population in 2011 was 4,817, in an area of 12.07 km². References Category:Parishes of Aveiro, Portugal

Kurt Svanberg Kurt Svanberg (27 September 1913 – 7 October 2001) was a Swedish ice hockey player. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1948 Winter Olympics. References Category:1913 births Category:2001 deaths Category:Swedish ice hockey players Category:Olympic ice hockey players of Sweden Category:Ice hockey players at the 1948 Winter Olympics Category:Sportspeople from Stockholm

Privy Council of Tonga The Privy Council of Tonga is the highest ranking council to advise the Monarch in the Kingdom of Tonga. It is empowered to advise the King in his capacity as Head of State and Fountain of Justice under the provisions of Clause 50 ( 1 ) of the Constitution of Tonga: " Clause 50 (1) The King shall appoint a Privy Council to provide him with advice. The Privy Council shall be composed of such people whom the King shall see fit to call to his Council." Membership Members of the Privy Council are appointed by the King of Tonga who is its Chairman. The Council has three types of members: Regular Members-these are the majority. Members who hold their position by virtue of an office they occupy The Law Lords The Lord Chancellor, the Lord President of the Supreme Court and the Attorney General are automatically members of the Privy Council. The constitution doesn't set a limit on the number of members who sit on the Council and this is left to the discretion of the Monarch. Judicial functions The King in Privy Council has the authority to make appointments to most posts in the judicial branch of government. One of the primary goals of the constitutional reforms of 2010 was to ensure the separation of the executive, legislative and judicial branches of government. A significant result of these reforms and constitutional amendments was the removal of the King from the executive power. Executive power was transferred to the cabinet. The drafters of the 2010 constitutional amendments did not want the executive government to control or interfere in the exercise of Judicial power. They chose to vest the power to make these appointment in the office of the constitutional and non-partisan head of state. These include: The Lord Chancellor The Lord President of the Court of Appeal The Judges of the Court of Appeal The Lord Chief Justice of the Supreme Court The Judges of the Supreme Court The Lord President of the Land Court The Judges of the Land Court The Magistrates of local jurisdiction. The Council also contains a Judicial Committee, composed of the Lord Chancellor, The Attorney General, the Lord Chief Justice and five Law Lords, and called the Judicial Appointments and Discipline Panel. The Judicial Committee advise[s] the King on the exercise of his judicial powers" and "investigate[s] complaints against judges". The King in Privy Council is the final court of appeal for cases dealing with hereditary estates and titles. Legislative functions The Privy Council is empowered to issue orders in council to regulate the internal functions and operations of the council. Outside of these regulations the council has no legislative power in accordance with the democratic reforms of the constitution in 2010. References External links "Privy Council", Tongan government website (page under construction) Tonga Privy Council rulings as a court of appeal, Pacific Islands Legal Information Institute A proposed reform of the Privy Council by the Tongan Human Rights and Democracy Movement Category:Government of Tonga Category:Tongan law Tonga Tonga

Willie and Family Live Willie and Family Live is a live album by country music artist Willie Nelson. It was released in 1978 as a double-LP. It was recorded live at Harrah's in Lake Tahoe, Nevada in April 1978. Emmylou Harris provides backup vocals on "Will the Circle be Unbroken", "Uncloudy Day" and "Amazing Grace"; Johnny Paycheck provides backup vocals on "Amazing Grace" and "Take this Job and Shove It". Track listing Side one "Whiskey River" – 3:40 "Stay All Night (Stay a Little Longer)" – 3:24 "Funny How Time Slips Away" – 2:45 "Crazy" – 1:47 "Night Life" – 3:55 "If You've Got the Money (I've Got the Time)" – 1:44 "Mammas Don't Let Your Babies Grow Up to Be Cowboys" – 3:33 "I Can Get Off on You" – 2:06 Side two "If You Could Touch Her at All" – 3:00 "Good Hearted Woman" – 2:57 "Red Headed Stranger Medley" 14:25 Incl: "Time of the Preacher" - 2:13 "I Couldn't Believe It Was True" - 1:03 "Medley: Blue Rock Montana/Red Headed Stranger" - 2:40 "Blue Eyes Crying in the Rain" - 2:29 "Red Headed Stranger" - 4:31 4. "Under the Double Eagle" - 2:43 Side three "'Til I Gain Control Again" – 5:59 "Bloody Mary Morning" – 3:33 "I'm a Memory" – 1:52 "Mr. Record Man" – 2:01 "Hello Walls" – 1:29 "One Day at a Time" – 2:05 "Will the Circle Be Unbroken" – 2:18 "Amazing Grace" – 5:12 Side four "Take This Job and Shove It" – 2:52 "Uncloudy Day" – 3:40 "Only Daddy That'll Walk the Line" – 1:29 "A Song for You" – 2:43 "Roll in My Sweet Baby's Arms" – 1:56 "Georgia on My Mind" – 4:09 "I Gotta Get Drunk" – 1:22 "Whiskey River" – 2:42 "Only Daddy That'll Walk the Line" – 2:12 Chart performance Notes Category:1978 live albums Category:Willie Nelson live albums Category:Columbia Records live albums

Federation of Hong Kong Industries The Federation of Hong Kong Industries (FHKI; ) is a business organization for the industrial companies in Hong Kong established under the Federation of Hong Kong Industries Ordinance, of the laws of Hong Kong, in 1960. Objectives The objectives of the Federation are: to promote and foster the interests of Hong Kong's industrial and business communities to promote trade, investment, technological advancement, manpower development, and business opportunities in Hong Kong to represent business's views and advise the government on policies and legislation which affect business The General Committee is the Federation's policy-making and management authority, while the Secretariat is responsible for policy implementation and day-to-day operations. References Category:Chambers of commerce in Hong Kong Category:1960 establishments in Hong Kong

Hemilienardia hersilia Hemilienardia hersilia is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Raphitomidae. Description The length of the shell attains 3.5 mm, its diameter 1.7 mm. (Original description) The small shell is ovate-pointed and contacted at the sutures and at the base. Its colour is dull-white, with an opaque white band at the back of the body whorl. The shell contains 7 whorls, of which three are apical. Sculpture:—The radials are discontinuous, vertical, moderately prominent ribs, which diminish at the sutures and vanish on the base, and are set at ten to a whorl. The spirals are prominent cords which override the ribs, four on the penultimate whorl and twelve on the body whorl. Of these the anterior five run across the snout and are beaded. The Apertureis sinuate. The varix is composed of a double rib, the free limb traversed by eight spirals and the edge armed by four tubercles, becoming larger as they ascend, the lowest double. The columella shows two deep-seated plications. The sinus and the siphonal canal are broad and shallow. Distribution This marine species is endemic to Australia and occurs off Queensland. It has also been found in the Western Indian Ocean. References Powell, A.W.B. 1966. The molluscan families Speightiidae and Turridae, an evaluation of the valid taxa, both Recent and fossil, with list of characteristic species. Bulletin of the Auckland Institute and Museum. Auckland, New Zealand 5: 1–184, pls 1–23 Wiedrick S.G. (2017). Aberrant geomorphological affinities in four conoidean gastropod genera, Clathurella Carpenter, 1857 (Clathurellidae), Lienardia Jousseaume, 1884 (Clathurellidae), Etrema Hedley, 1918 (Clathurellidae) and Hemilienardia Boettger, 1895 (Raphitomidae), with the description of fourteen new Hemilienardia species from the Indo-Pacific. The Festivus. special issue: 2-45. External links Gastropods.com: Hemilienardia hersilia hersilia Category:Gastropods described in 1922 Category:Gastropods of Australia

Joan of France, Duchess of Brittany Joan of France (; 24 January 1391 – 27 September 1433) was Duchess of Brittany by marriage to John V. She was a daughter of Charles VI of France and Isabeau of Bavaria. Life Joan married John V, Duke of Brittany in 1396. Three years after the wedding, her spouse became duke and she duchess of Brittany. As duchess, Joan is perhaps most known for her role during the conflict between John V and the Counts of Penthièvre. The Penthièvre branch had lost the Breton War of Succession in the 1340s. As a result, they lost the ducal title of Brittany to the Montforts. The conclusion to the conflict took many years to confirm until 1365 when the Treaty of Guérande was signed. Despite the military loss and the diplomatic treaty, the Counts of Penthièvre had not renounced their ducal claims to Brittany and continued to pursue them. In 1420, they invited John V to a festival held at Châtonceaux. He accepted the invitation, but when he arrived, he was captured and kept prisoner. The Counts of Penthiève then spread rumours of his death, and moved him to a new prison each day. Joan of France called upon all the barons of Brittany to respond. They besieged all the castles of the Penthièvre family one by one. Joan ended the conflict by seizing the dowager countess of Penthièvre, Margaret of Clisson, and forcing her to have the duke freed. Joan died in 1433, during her husband's reign. A Book of Hours by the Bedford Master, Heures Lamoignon, was dedicated to her. Issue She had seven children: Anne (1409 – c. 1415) Isabella (1411 – c. 1442), who in 1435 married Guy XIV of Laval and had 3 children with him. Margaret (1412 – c. 1421) Francis I (1414 – c. 1450), duke of Brittany Catherine (1416 – c. 1421) Peter II (1418 – c. 1457), duke of Brittany Gilles (1420 – c. 1450), seigneur of Chantocé. Ancestry Sources The original version of this page was a translation of :fr:Jeanne de France (1391-1433). From January 2013 the translation has been refined. Category:1391 births Category:1433 deaths Category:House of Valois Category:People of the Hundred Years' War Category:French princesses Category:Duchesses of Brittany Category:14th-century Breton people Category:14th-century French women Category:15th-century Breton people Category:15th-century French women

Nyah Nyah is a town in northern Victoria, Australia. The town is located on the Murray Valley Highway, in the Rural City of Swan Hill local government area, north west of the state capital, Melbourne. At the , Nyah had a population of 483. The town, on the banks of the Murray River was formed as the "Taverner Community Village Settlement" in the 1890s by Jim Thwaites as a utopian socialist community, one of many established along the Murray, including Waikerie in South Australia. The communities were established in imitation of the New Australia settlement of William Lane in Paraguay. Lack of access to water for fields and a falling-out of favour of socialism led to the end of state support for these communities. The Post Office opened on 4 May 1894 (though known as Tyntynder for some months) The Nyah State School was established in 1896 when classes were first held in the town's Top Hall. A school was built in 1912, which had been thrice extended by the end of the 1960s. In 1997, Nyah Primary School amalgamated with Nyah West Primary school to create the Nyah District Primary School. The town in conjunction with neighbouring township Nyah West (after a merger of the Nyah and Nyah West football clubs) has an Australian Rules football team competing in the Central Murray Football League known as Nyah-Nyah West United. Nyah Harness Racing Club conducts regular meetings at its racetrack in the town. Golfers play at the course of the Nyah District Golf Club on the Murray Valley Highway. Gallery Climate References External links Category:Towns in Victoria (Australia) Category:Populated places on the Murray River Category:Mallee (Victoria) Category:Rural City of Swan Hill

36th Battalion Virginia Cavalry The 36th Battalion, Virginia Cavalry was a cavalry battalion raised in Virginia for service in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War. It fought mostly in western Virginia and the Shenandoah Valley, and also with the Army of Northern Virginia. Virginia's 36th Cavalry Battalion was organized in February, 1863, with four companies, later increased to five. The men were recruited from the counties of Cabell, Braxton, Putnam, Kanawha, Boone and Greenbrier, now in West Virginia The unit was assigned to A.G. Jenkins', W.E. Jones', B.T. Johnson's, and Payne's Brigade. It had a force of 125 men at Gettysburg, and was involved in the Battle of Sporting Hill. A.G. Jenkins Brigade was within miles of the state capital at Sporting Hill, which, according to local legend, was named for its good hunting and abundant rabbits, ducks and waterfowl. An advance detachment of the 16th Virginia Cavalry Regiment, was at the McCormick Barn, of which remnants still stand today. Then, when the New York State Militia approached, the 36th, along with a portion of the 16th, crossed the road at Gleim's Farm, where a Denny's is now. This was an attempt to flanks the Federals, but failed when Co. A & C of the 22nd NYSM charged into the woods, and broke its advance. The rest of the battle played out without much more action for the 36th, save receiving artillery fire. C.H. Earlier in the Campaign, at the Battle of Opequon Creek, near Winchester on June 13, 1863, Major James W. Sweeny was wounded, Capt. Cornelious Thomas of Co. A taking command. "C.H." It then moved to Western Virginia, then took part in operations in East Tennessee. The 36th was with McCausland at Chambersburg, served with Early in the Shenandoah Valley, and was active around Appomattox. After cutting through the lines at Appomattox, it disbanded. Major James W. Sweeney was in command. See also List of Virginia Civil War units List of West Virginia Civil War Confederate units References Category:Virginia Civil War regiments Category:1863 establishments in Virginia Category:Military units and formations established in 1863 Category:1865 disestablishments in Virginia

Matthew Willis Matthew Willis may refer to: Matt Willis (born 1983), UK musician Matt Willis (American football) (born 1984), American football player Matthew Willis (musician), saxophonist Matt Willis (1913–1989), American actor, known for The Return of the Vampire and other early movies

Kirkkonummi Kirkkonummi (; , ) is a municipality of inhabitants () in southern Finland. The literal meaning of the words "Kirkkonummi" and "Kyrkslätt" in English is "church heath". The municipality is located just outside the Helsinki Metropolitan Area, bordering the city of Espoo in the east. Other neighbouring municipalities are Vihti and Siuntio. The distance from the municipal centre to central Helsinki is some . Kirkkonummi also has excellent train and bus connections to other parts of the Greater Helsinki area, and many of its inhabitants commute daily to Helsinki. The municipality covers an area of of which is water. The population density is . Over the recent years, Kirkkonummi has faced the highest population growth rate in the country, over 3% per annum. Major population centres in Kirkkonummi include the municipal centre, Masala, Veikkola, Kantvik and the Upinniemi naval garrison area. In addition to these, there are dozens of smaller villages. Geographically, Kirkkonummi has two famous peninsulas, namely Porkkala and Upinniemi, the latter one of which houses a major Finnish naval base. Porkkala is also on one of the main bird migration routes in the Baltic Sea region. Additionally, Kirkkonummi has a large central plains area, through which a railway goes from Helsinki to Turku as well as extensive lake areas, much of which is relatively untouched wilderness. Kirkkonummi has been populated from the Stone Age to the present day as evidenced by the very first Stone Age rock paintings found in Finland that are located by lake Vitträsk in the central lake region of Kirkkonummi. Incidentally, these paintings were found by the famous Finnish composer Jean Sibelius himself. The southern half of the municipality was leased to the Soviet Union between 1945 and 1956 for use as a naval base as part of the peace settlement that ended the hostilities between the Soviet Union and Finland during World War II. Signs of this time include concrete bunkers, other fortifications and the remains of an airbase. Other places of interest located in Kirkkonummi include the medieval stone church in the municipal centre, the wooden church in the village of Haapajärvi as well as the Hvitträsk manor designed by Finnish architects Eliel Saarinen, Herman Gesellius and Armas Lindgren. Politics Results of the 2011 Finnish parliamentary election in Kirkkonummi: National Coalition Party 30.7% Social Democratic Party 16.8% True Finns 16.3% Swedish People's Party 14.3% Green League 10.1% Centre Party 4.4% Left Alliance 3.6% Christian Democrats 2.3% International relations Twin towns — Sister cities Kirkkonummi is twinned with: Sundbyberg, Sweden Paldiski, Estonia References External links Municipality of Kirkkonummi – official website Category:Greater Helsinki Category:Populated coastal places in Finland Category:Populated places established in the 1330s

Powerwolf Powerwolf, often stylized as POWERWOLF, is a German power metal band founded in 2003 in Saarbrücken by members of Red Aim. The band consists of vocalist Karsten Brill as "Attila Dorn", lead guitarist Benjamin Buss as "Matthew Greywolf", bassist/rhythm guitarist David Vogt as "Charles Greywolf", keyboardist Christian Jost as "Falk Maria Schlegel" and drummer Roel van Helden. The group uses dark themes and images, musically and lyrically, contrary to traditional power metal music, as well as corpse paint, gothic-tinged compositions and songs about Transylvanian werewolf and vampire legends. They released their debut album Return in Bloodred in 2005. Their second album, Lupus Dei, was released in 2007. The band entered the official German charts for the first time in 2009 with their third album Bible of the Beast. Shortly after its release, their first drummer Stefan Gemballa (stage name Stéfane Funèbre) left the band. He was replaced by Tom Diener, who was replaced in 2011 by Roel van Helden. In the same year, the band released their fourth album Blood of the Saints. In 2012, Powerwolf signed with Napalm Records and released Preachers of the Night in 2013. It has debuted at No. 1 in Germany. Their sixth album Blessed & Possessed, released in 2015, was certified gold in the Czech Republic. Their seventh album The Sacrament of Sin was released on 20 July 2018, charting well internationally. Powerwolf has embarked on several tours, with a majority of their tour dates taking place inside of Europe. They also change their costumes for every album. Most of Powerwolf's albums were well received by fans and critics alike. The music is composed by the entire band, and the lyrics, written mostly by Matthew Greywolf, are inspired by Christianity and ancient Romanian legends. Over the years a theme has developed which personifies the band members as werewolves, leading fans to refer to the band affectionately as "The Wolves". History 2003–2009: Formation and first albums Powerwolf was formed in 2003 by the members of the stoner rock band Red Aim. When the band was founded, the members decided to take on pseudonyms and build up backstories around those. Officially, the brothers Charles and Matthew Greywolf had been playing together for years when they decided to create a band, and so Powerwolf was started. Soon the brothers added French drummer Stéfane Funèbre and German keyboardist Falk Maria Schlegel to the band, but could not find a suitable singer to complete the line-up. In the meantime, the band started writing, and on holidays in Romania, Charles and Matthew met Attila Dorn in a pub in Sighișoara and invited him to join their band. Dorn, a student of classical opera at the National University of Music in Bucharest, moved to the band's hometown Saarbrücken, and became the frontman of Powerwolf. With Dorn's love of Romanian werewolf legends, the band created their debut album, Return in Bloodred, which used these same legends as the basis for many of the lyrics. After the album's release, Powerwolf went on their fist tour titled Europe in Bloodred Tour. In 2007, they followed up with their second album, Lupus Dei, a concept album starring a wolf as the main character and his rise from bloodlust to enlightenment. Powerwolf supported Grave Digger during their tour. In 2008, Powerwolf released their first video album The Wacken Worship. It contained live footage of their show at Wacken Open Air 2008. In the same year, they went on a Metal is our Mission Tour together with Brainstorm and Pagan's Mind. The single "Raise Your Fist, Evangelist" was released on 19 March 2009. Powerwolf's third album Bible of the Beast was released on 25 April 2009. The record was able to place as the band's first album in the German charts and reached number 76. They embarked on a tour supporting the album in 2010. "Raise Your Fist, Evangelist" was nominated for the Metal Hammer "Metal Anthem 2010" award. 2010–2011: Drummer change and Blood of the Saints On 2 March 2010 Stéfane Funèbre left the band and was replaced by Tom Diener. Powerwolf announced it on their Myspace blog. In November 2010, Powerwolf organist Falk Maria Schlegel stated about the group's new material: On 28 May 2011 the band announced on their website that Tom Diener was replaced by a new drummer Roel van Helden from Netherlands. The band released the single "Sanctified With Dynamite" on 24 May 2011 and the second one on 5 July 2011 titled "We Drink Your Blood", to which Powerwolf recorded their first ever music video. It was shot in an ancient monastery church. Falk Maria Schlegel commented that "Shooting the video in such a special and atmospheric place was incredible. The combination of the sacral interior of the church, including altar, confessional box and a church organ with a lot of fire, fog and metal insanity was the perfect set for a Powerwolf video." Their fourth album, titled Blood of the Saints, was released on 29 July 2011 in Europe and August 2 in the United States. In September 2011, Powerwolf went on a quadruple headline tour with Sabaton, Grave Digger and Skull Fist. 2012–2013: Debut with Napalm Records In 2012, Powerwolf released two albums. The first was the Wolfsnächte 2012 Tour EP, a split EP with Mystic Prophecy, Stormwarrior, and Lonewolf. This EP featured a previously unreleased Powerwolf track, "Living on a Nightmare". Copies of this EP were originally distributed along with the purchase of tickets to Powerwolf's Wolfsnächte Tour 2012 but since the tour's conclusion, copies have been available in the Powerwolf webstore. The second of Powerwolf's 2012 releases was Alive in the Night, the band's first live album. It contained 10 tracks and was just over 45 minutes in length. It was released with the April 2012 issue of the German edition of Metal Hammer. On 13 August 2012 Powerwolf signed a deal with Napalm Records. Powerwolf released their EP The Rockhard Sacrament on 22 June 2013. The band also released their single "Amen & Attack" on 28 June 2013. Preachers of the Night was released on 18 July 2013. The album has entered the official German album charts at position 1. 2014–2016: Blessed & Possessed In 2014, Powerwolf released The History of Heresy I and The History of Heresy II, the second of which included several orchestral versions of Powerwolf songs. Powerwolf began working on their sixth album in June 2014. They announced their new album on their Facebook page on 5 December 2014. On 8 May 2015, the band released their single "Army of the Night" and "Armata Strigoi" on 5 June 2015. Their new album Blessed & Possessed, which was released on 17 July 2015. They embarked on a tour supporting the album into 2016. Boxset and Earbook Edition of the album featured a bonus CD Metallum Nostrum, which contains 10 songs of different artists that Powerwolf's band members selected to cover, such as Judas Priest, Running Wild, Savatage, Chroming Rose, Gary Moore, Ozzy Osbourne, Amon Amarth, Iron Maiden and Black Sabbath. Powerwolf released their second video album The Metal Mass – Live on 27 July 2016 in Japan and 29 July 2016 in Europe. It contained live footage of three shows: Masters of Rock 2015, Summer Breeze 2015, Wolfsnächte Tour 2015, music videos to "Amen & Attack", "Army of the Night", "We Drink Your Blood" and "Sanctified with Dynamite", a festival documentation "A Day At Summer Breeze" and a tour documentation movie "Kreuzweg – Of Wolves And Men". 2017–present: The Sacrament of Sin and Best of the Blessed On 10 October 2017, Powerwolf announced on Facebook that they had completed writing for their seventh full-length album, promising its release to occur sometime in 2018. In January 2018, the band entered the studio to begin recording the album, due later in the year. The title of the album was later announced as The Sacrament of Sin, which was released on 20 July 2018. It was Jens Bogren's first production work for Powerwolf. The album was rated positively by the critics, highlighting mainly the new elements that Powerwolf put in the music. The album also flourished commercially, ranked first in the German charts, and also ranked in several other countries. On 14 September 2018, the album won a German Metal Hammer "Best album of the year" award. A limited edition mediabook version of The Sacrament of Sin featured a second disc named Communio Lupatum, which featured Powerwolf songs covered by other artists selected by the band members, such as Epica, Saltatio Mortis, Caliban, Battle Beast, Heaven Shall Burn, Kadavar, Kissin' Dynamite, Mille Petrozza, Marc Görtz, Amaranthe and Eluveitie. In support of the album, the band performed in Europe during 2018 and 2019. On 11 January 2019, Powerwolf re-released their cover album Metallum Nostrum. On 1 November 2019, the band released their single of their re-written and re-recorded version of "Kiss of the Cobra King". In 2020, Powerwolf went on their first Latin America tour along with Amon Amarth. On 16 January 2020, Powerwolf announced their greatest hits album titled Best of the Blessed. Artistry Musical style and lyrics Powerwolf's sound has primarily been described as power metal, traditional heavy metal, symphonic metal, speed metal and gothic metal, while also being described as progressive metal, neoclassical metal, doom metal, hard rock, "werewolf metal", and "vampire metal". Powerwolf's musical style is different from other power metal bands. In addition to the classic metal instruments, organ sounds are used. For the studio albums a church choir was recorded. The band states that their main influences are Black Sabbath, Mercyful Fate, Forbidden and Iron Maiden. The dominant language of the lyrics is English, but they also use Latin ("Werewolves of Armenia", "Lupus Dei", "Kreuzfeuer", "Stossgebet"), and rarely German ("Moscow After Dark", "We Take the Church by Storm", "Werewolves of Armenia", "Kreuzfeuer", "Amen & Attack", "Stossgebet"). The lyrics of the band are characterized by the treatment of Christianity and ancient Romanian legends. Powerwolf, however, do not consider themselves a religious band, but rather call themselves spiritual. When asked if he was a Christian or a Satanist, Matthew Greywolf answered: "I am a metalist, a metal fan. Metal is my religion. Look at all these people, what unites them? I can tell you, it's the fucking metal." Live performances Audience engagement, and pyrotechnics are important parts of Powerwolf's stage show. The vocalist Attila Dorn often speaks directly to the audience and engages them in various activities, such as singing or shouting, before announcing the next song. The band calls their concerts a "heavy metal mass". Their stage setup was designed by Matthew Greywolf. Members Current Benjamin "Matthew Greywolf" Buss – lead guitar (2003–present) David "Charles Greywolf" Vogt – rhythm guitar, studio bass (2003–present) Christian "Falk Maria Schlegel" Jost – keyboards (2003–present) Karsten "Attila Dorn" Brill – vocals (2003–present) Roel van Helden – drums (2011–present) Former Stefan "Stéfane Funèbre" Gemballa – drums (2003–2010) Tom Diener – drums (2010–2011) Live Markus Pohl – rhythm guitar (2016–present) Fabian Schwarz – rhythm guitar (2012) Timeline Discography Return in Bloodred (2005) Lupus Dei (2007) Bible of the Beast (2009) Blood of the Saints (2011) Preachers of the Night (2013) Blessed & Possessed (2015) The Sacrament of Sin (2018) Tours Europe in Bloodred Tour 2005 (2005) Grave Digger Tour 2007 (with Grave Digger) (2007) Metal is our Mission Tour 2008 (with Brainstorm and Pagan's Mind) (2008) Bible of the Beast Tour 2010 (2010) Power of Metal Tour 2011 (with Sabaton, Grave Digger and Skull Fist) (2011) Wolfsnächte Tour 2012 (with Mystic Prophecy, Stormwarrior and Lonewolf) (2011–2012) Wolfsnächte Tour 2013 (with Majesty, Battle Beast, Ashes of Ares and Wisdom) (2013) Wolfsnächte Tour 2015 (with Orden Ogan, Xandria and Civil War) (2015) Blessed & Possessed Tour 2016 (with Battle Beast and Serenity) (2016) Wolfsnächte Tour 2018 (with Amaranthe and Kissin' Dynamite) (2018) The Sacrament of Sin Tour 2019 (with Gloryhammer) (2019) Berserker Latin America '20 (with Amon Amarth) (2020) Awards and nominations |- | 2010 | "Raise Your Fist, Evangelist" | Metal Hammer — Metal Anthem 2010 | |- | rowspan=2|2011 | Powerwolf | Metal Hammer — Newcomer of the year | |- | Blood of the Saints | Metal Hammer — Power metal album of the year | |- | rowspan=2|2013 | rowspan=7|Powerwolf | Metal Hammer — Best German band | |- | Metal Hammer — Best Live Band | |- | rowspan=2|2014 | Metal Hammer — Best German band | |- | Metal Hammer — Best Live Band | |- | 2015 | Metal Hammer — Best German band | |- | 2016 | Metal Hammer — Best Live Band | |- | 2017 | Metal Hammer — Best Live Band | |- | 2018 | The Sacrament of Sin | Metal Hammer — Best album of the year | |} References External links Category:2003 establishments in Germany Category:Musical groups established in 2003 Category:Musical quintets Category:Bands with fictional stage personas Category:German power metal musical groups Category:German heavy metal musical groups Category:German symphonic metal musical groups Category:German speed metal musical groups Category:German doom metal musical groups Category:Napalm Records artists

Christian Benner Christian Benner is a New York-based fashion designer known for his custom distressed leather jackets and band tees that he produces by hand at his store in the South Street Seaport. The records he listens to often inspire his work, and for Benner the creation of a leather jacket is an artistic process almost like the creation of a painting. He was initially inspired by the whole individual do-it-yourself fashion of the punk rock scene of the late 70s and early 80s. After seeing photographs of the era, Benner bought his first leather jacket thinking he could do it himself. He finally reached his comfort zone though trial and error. Benner's designs have particularly sought by musicians and stylists for public appearances, performances and editorial shoots and can be seen on today’s top celebrities such as Kate Moss, Lady Gaga, Bruno Mars, Lenny Kravitz, Demi Lovato, Carrie Underwood, Miranda Lambert, Jared Leto, Ellie Goulding, Brandon Boyd, Taylor Momsen, and the members of 5 Seconds of Summer. His designs have been featured in Rolling Stone Magazine, Italian Vogue, W Magazine, Interview Magazine, Billboard Magazine, Teen Vogue, and Bullett Magazine, among many other publications. References Category:American fashion designers Category:Living people Category:Year of birth missing (living people)

BNS Bijoy BNS Bijoy is a guided missile corvette of the Bangladesh Navy. She has served in the Bangladesh Navy since 2011. Description The ship carries four C-704 automated anti-ship missiles. Besides it has one AK-176 main gun and two Oerlikon 20 mm auto cannons. It has a flight deck which can accommodate helicopter up to Westland Sea King size. History The ship was laid down by Hall, Russell & Company of Aberdeen, Scotland on 25 June 1980 and launched on 3 June 1981. She was commissioned to the Royal Navy as on 12 March 1982. She served Royal Navy from 1982 to 2008. The ship was decommissioned in 2008. In April 2010, she was sold to the Bangladesh Navy. Career From 21 May 2014, the ship underwent a major refit, installing upgrades to suite the Bangladesh Navy's requirements which continued until December 2010. The Bangladesh Navy acquired the ship on 14 May 2010. The ship reached Chittagong on 21 January 2011. On 5 March 2011, the ship was commissioned into the Bangladesh Navy as BNS Bijoy. BNS Bijoy took part in Cooperation Afloat Readiness and Training (CARAT), a bilateral exercise with United States Navy, in 2011 and 2015. On 1 December 2017, BNS Bijoy departed for Lebanon to join in United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL). She replaced two Bangladesh Navy ships, and , which had deployed earlier. On her way, she paid a goodwill visit to the Port of Colombo from 6 December to 8 December 2017. See also List of active ships of the Bangladesh Navy References Category:Ships of the Bangladesh Navy Category:Corvettes of the Bangladesh Navy Category:1981 ships

Lemyra heringi Lemyra heringi is a moth of the family Erebidae. It was described by Franz Daniel in 1943. It is found in Yunnan, China. References heringi Category:Moths described in 1943

Ofra Haza Bat-Sheva Ofra Haza-Ashkenazi, known professionally as Ofra Haza (; 19 November 1957 23 February 2000) was an Israeli singer, actress and Grammy Award-nominee recording artist, commonly known as "The Israeli Madonna", or "Madonna of the East". Her voice has been described as a "tender" mezzo-soprano. Haza's music is known as a mixture of traditional and commercial singing styles, fusing elements of Eastern and Western instrumentation, orchestration and dance-beat. She became successful in Europe and the Americas; during her singing career, she earned many platinum and gold discs. Early life Bat-Sheva Ofra Haza was born in Tel Aviv, Israel, to Yemeni-Jewish parents who immigrated to Israel. She was the youngest of nine children (six sisters and two brothers) to Yefet and Shoshana Haza. They were raised in a Masorti household in the Hatikva Quarter, then an impoverished neighborhood of Tel Aviv. At age 12, Haza joined a local theater troupe, and manager Bezalel Aloni noticed her singing talent. He staged many of his productions around her, and later became her manager and mentor. At 19, she was Israel's foremost pop star, and music journalists retrospectively described her as "the Madonna of the East". Haza completed her Israeli military service in 1979. Career Her first album, entitled Al Ahavot Shelanu ("About Our Loves"), was released in 1980 and yielded a string of popular radio hits, including Hageshem ("The Rain"), Shir Ahava La'chayal ("Love Song For The Soldier"), Kmo Tzipor ("Like A Bird") and what ultimately became her signature song in Israel, Shir Ha'frecha ("The Bimbo Song"). The latter was written for the film Schlager (1979) in which Haza played a leading role. At first, radio stations across the country refused to play the song due to its lyrics, which at the time were unacceptable, but it quickly climbed the charts and reached No. 1, where it stayed for five consecutive weeks. Later in the year, the album attained gold status. A second album soon followed, Bo Nedaber ("Let's Talk"), eventually going gold. The album included the singles Tfila ("Prayer") and Simanim Shel Ohavim ("Lovers Signs"). Her third album, Pituyim ("Temptations") came out in 1982, reaching gold status as well, with such singles as Gabriel and Kol Yom Matchila Shana ("A New Year Starts Every Day"). With this album, more well-known writers agreed to write her songs, including Tzvika Pick and Nurit Hirsh. At the Eurovision Song Contest, Haza came in a close second to the Luxembourg entry with the song "Chai" ("Alive"). Her first platinum album, Chai, released in 1983, became the biggest-selling album of her career, and the title track was voted the No. 1 song of the year. Additional songs from the album included Amen Lamilim ("Amen For Words") and Sof Hakayitz ("End Of Summer"). Haza was voted "Female Vocalist Of The Year" four years in a row, from 1980 through 1983. Later that year, Haza released Shirey Moledet which consisted of her renditions of Israeli folk songs, eventually going platinum. Haza released two additional volumes in 1985 and 1987. Bait Ham ("Warm House") was released in 1984 and included the singles Yad Beyad ("Hand In Hand"), Itcha Halayla ("With You Tonight") and the title track. The album went gold. In December that year, Haza released a collection of Yemenite songs, simply titled Yemenite Songs. Despite lukewarm radio airplay, the album went on to become a best-seller, reaching platinum status. This LP was reissued in the United States by Shanachie Records under the title Fifty Gates of Wisdom. The album Adama ("Earth") followed in 1985 and saw writers in the country contributing to the album such as Sasha Argov, Naomi Shemer, Ya'akov Orland and Ehud Manor, among others. The album produced the singles Adama, Goral Echad ("One Destiny") and Mishehu Holech Tamid Iti ("Someone Always Walks With Me"), and reached gold status. Later that year, Ofra released "Shirey Moledet B", a continuation of her renditions of Israeli folk songs. The album went gold. In 1986, Haza worked with producer Izhar Ashdot to create Yamim Nishbarim ("Broken Days"). The album's lyrics were written by Haza herself. The album went gold and produced the singles Kol Haklafim ("Open Your Cards"), Bo Ve-Nagen Oti ("Come and Play Me") and Hake'ev Haze ("This Pain"). International artist Her major international breakthrough came in the wake of the album Shirei Teiman ("Yemenite songs"), which she recorded in 1984. The album consisted of songs that Haza had heard in childhood, using arrangements that combined authentic Middle Eastern percussion with classical instruments. Further recognition came with the single "Im Nin'alu", taken from the album Shaday (1988), which won the New Music Award for Best International Album of the Year. The song topped the Eurochart for two weeks in June that year and was on heavy rotation on MTV channels across the continent. In the annals of classical hip-hop this song would be extensively re-released, re-mixed and sampled, for example on Coldcut's remix of Eric B. & Rakim's "Paid in Full". The single made only a brief appearance in the UK top 40 singles chart, but became a dance floor favorite across Europe and the USA, topping the German charts for nine weeks. Subsequent singles were also given the dance-beat / MTV-style video treatment, most notably, Galbi, Daw Da Hiya and Mata Hari, but none quite matched the runaway success of her first hit. Im Nin'alu would go on to be featured on an in-game radio playlist of the video game Grand Theft Auto: Liberty City Stories, released in 2005 and featured on Panjabi MC's album "Indian Timing" in 2009. Haza also received critical acclaim for the albums Fifty Gates of Wisdom (1988), Desert Wind (1989), Kirya (1992), Ofra Haza (1997) and for her collection of children's songs, L'Yeladim (1982). In 1992, Kirya (co-produced by Don Was) received a Grammy nomination. In 1994, Haza released her first Hebrew album in seven years, Kol Haneshama ("The Whole Soul"). Though not an initial chart success, the album produced one of her biggest hits to date, Le'orech Hayam ("Along The Sea"), written by Ayala Asherov. The song did not have any substantial chart success upon its release to radio but became an anthem after Haza performed it on the assembly in memorial to deceased Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin, a week after he was assassinated. Radio stations around the country began to play it. Its lyrics became even more symbolic following Haza's own death in 2000. Collaborations and performances Her collaborative work with internationally established acts included the single "Temple of Love (Touched by the Hand of Ofra Haza)", recorded with The Sisters of Mercy in 1992. Thomas Dolby co-produced Yemenite Songs and Desert Wind, where he was also a guest musician. Haza guested on Dolby's album Astronauts And Heretics (1992), singing on the track "That's Why People Fall In Love". She recorded "My Love Is for Real" with Paula Abdul in 1995 and on Sarah Brightman's album Harem, Haza's vocals were included on "Mysterious Days", thanks to an idea by Brightman's partner Frank Peterson (ex-Enigma), who produced both Harem (2003) and the album Ofra Haza (1997). Haza also sang backing vocals on the song "Friend of Stars" by the German electro-pop band And One, from the Spot (1993) album. For the Kirya album, Iggy Pop, a friend of Don Was, performed the narration on "Daw Da Hiya" and Haza joined him and a host of other stars for the video and single release "Give Peace A Chance" in 1991. She also sang on the soundtracks of Colors (1988), Dick Tracy (1990), Wild Orchid (1990), Queen Margot (1994) and The Prince of Egypt (1998). In The Prince of Egypt, she voiced the small role of Yocheved, singing "Deliver Us". When Hans Zimmer, who was working with Haza on the music for The Prince of Egypt, introduced her to the artists, they thought that she was so beautiful that they drew Yocheved to look like the singer. For the film's soundtracks, Haza sang the song "Deliver Us" in 18 languages, about half of which were sung phonetically, including: Czech — "Tak vyveď nás" Dutch — "Verlos ons, Heer" English — "Deliver Us" Finnish — "Johdata" French — "Délivre nous" German — "Erlöse uns" Greek — "Eleftheri" Hebrew — "Hoshia Na" Hungarian — "Szabadíts" Italian — "Ascoltaci" Norwegian — "Befri Oss" Polish — "Uwolnij nas" Portuguese (Brazilian and Portuguese) — "Liberte-nos" Romanian - "Librează-ne" Spanish (Latin and Castilian) — "Libéranos" Swedish — "Befria Oss" On the soundtrack of The Governess (1998), Haza is the featured singer on seven of the twelve tracks and worked closely with film music composer Edward Shearmur. In 1999, she performed (together with late Pakistani artist Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan) the track "Forgiveness", on the contemporary symphony album The Prayer Cycle by Jonathan Elias. As a featured background vocalist, Haza's voice has been recorded, re-mixed or sampled for Black Dog's "Babylon" single, Eric B and Rakim's "Paid In Full (Coldcut Remix)", "Temple of Love (1992)" by The Sisters of Mercy, and for the M/A/R/R/S hit "Pump Up The Volume". The single "Love Song" has been re-mixed by DJs many times, its powerful vocal performance and comparatively sparse musical arrangement making it the perfect vehicle for a dance-rhythm accompaniment. Covers of songs by other artists included the Carole King/James Taylor song "You've Got a Friend", Madonna's "Open Your Heart", Gary Moore's "Separate Ways", and Led Zeppelin's "Kashmir". There were many live performances and Haza spoke with fond memories of her visits to Japan and Turkey. She performed at the 1994 Nobel Peace Prize ceremony in Oslo, where she appeared alongside Irish singer Sinéad O'Connor. "Paint Box" was written specially for the event. Her 1990 live recording, Ofra Haza At Montreux Jazz Festival was released in 1998. Haza shared duets and concert performances with Glykeria, Yehudit Ravitz, Paul Anka, Paula Abdul, Michael Jackson, Iggy Pop, Hoite, Buddha Bar, Ishtar, Gidi Gov, Whitney Houston, Tzvika Pick, Khaled, Prachim Yerushalaim, The Sisters of Mercy, Thomas Dolby, Stefan Waggershausen, Eric B and Rakim, Gila Miniha, Hans Zimmer, Hagashash Hachiver, Yaffa Yarkoni, Dana International, Shoshana Damari and posthumously with Sarah Brightman. In late 1999, Haza recorded new material for a new album that she worked on with Ron Aviv, a music producer from Petah Tikva. At the time, she also worked with the Finnish violinist Linda Brava, who released a previously unreleased track called Tarab on her MySpace page on 14 May 2010. On the track, Haza sings in English, Arabic and Hebrew, while Brava plays the electric violin. The track is possibly Haza's last recording. Marriage On July 15, 1997, Haza married businessman Doron Ashkenazi. The couple had no children, but Ashkenazi had an adopted son, Shai, and a biological daughter from his first marriage. Death Ofra Haza died on February 23, 2000, at the age of 42, of AIDS-related pneumonia. While the fact that she was HIV positive is now generally known, the decision by the Israeli newspaper Haaretz to report it shortly after her death was controversial in Israel. After Haza's death was announced, Israeli radio stations played non-stop retrospectives of her music and then Prime Minister Ehud Barak praised her work as a cultural emissary, commenting that she also represented the Israeli success story — "Ofra emerged from the Hatikvah slums to reach the peak of Israeli culture. She has left a mark on us all." The fact that Haza died because of an AIDS-related illness added another layer to the public mourning. The revelation of Haza's illness caused much surprise among fans, along with debate about whether the media invaded her privacy by reporting it. There was also speculation about how she had acquired the virus. Immediately after her death, the media placed blame on her husband, Tel Aviv businessman Doron Ashkenazi, for infecting her with the disease. Haza's manager Bezalel Aloni supported this belief, writing in his book that Haza acquired AIDS through sex with her husband. Later, it was revealed that her husband believed Haza became infected because of a blood transfusion she received in a hospital following a miscarriage. Ashkenazi himself died of a drug overdose roughly one year later on April 7, 2001, leaving a daughter from a prior marriage and a 14-year-old adopted son, Shai Ashkenazi. Haza is buried in the Artists section of Yarkon Cemetery in Petah Tikva near Tel Aviv. Legacy Bezalel Aloni, Haza's manager and producer of 28 years, published a book Michtavim L'Ofra (Letters to Ofra) in 2007. The book is partly Aloni's autobiography and partly a biography of Haza, and includes letters written by Aloni. On 22 March 2007, on the seventh anniversary of her death, the Tel Aviv-Jaffa Municipality and the Tel Aviv Development Fund renamed part of the public park in the Hatikva Quarter Gan Ofra (Ofra's Park) in her honor. The park is placed at the end of Bo'az street where Haza's childhood home was. The park features a children's playground, symbolizing her love for children and the old quarter she grew up in and always came back to. On November 19, 2014, Google celebrated her 57th birthday with a Google Doodle. Tributes Touched By the Hand of Ofra Haza Fanzine (2008–09) was a tribute fanzine. Sharim Ofra (Singing Ofra) 2002 – A tribute concert to commemorate the life of Ofra Haza where Israeli singers sang Haza's songs. Fulfilled Wish is a digital EP by Russian ambient- and downtempo duo Koan, released in 2007. Documentaries Life & Death of Ofra Haza 2002 – Aired on the Israeli channel 2, 29 January 2002. This documentary in Hebrew focuses on Haza's entire life and career until her death. Sodot (Secrets) 2005 – Aired on Israeli channel YES, this documentary in Hebrew and partly English is about Haza's life and attempts to answer questions surrounding her death. Dokoceleb Ofra Haza 2007 – Aired on the Israeli entertainment station HOT, 22 February 2007. This documentary in Hebrew focuses on Haza's career, achievements and marriage. Lost Treasure of Ofra Haza 2010 – Aired on the Israeli channel 10, 22 February 2010. This documentary in Hebrew and partly English focuses on Haza's legacy. Discography Albums Studio albums 1974: Ahava Rishona • First Love (with Shechunat Hatikvah Workshop Theatre) 1976: Vehutz Mizeh Hakol Beseder • Apart from that All Is OK (with Shechunat Hatikvah Workshop Theatre) 1977: Atik Noshan • Ancient Old (with Shechunat Hatikvah Workshop Theatre) 1977: Shir HaShirim Besha'ashu'im • The Song of Songs (with Fun) 1980: Al Ahavot Shelanu • About Our Loves 1981: Bo Nedaber • Let's Talk 1982: Pituyim • Temptations 1982: Li-yeladim • Songs for Children (children's album) 1983: Hai • Alive 1983: Shirey Moledet • Homeland Songs 1984: Bayt Ham • A Place for Me 1984: Yemenite Songs • Shiri Teyman (aka Fifty Gates of Wisdom) 1985: Adamah • Earth 1985: Shirey Moledet 2 • Homeland Songs 2 1986: Yamim Nishbarim • Broken Days 1987: Shirey Moledet 3 • Homeland Songs 3 1988: Shaday 1989: Desert Wind 1992: Kirya 1994: Kol Haneshama • My Soul 1997: Ofra Haza Live albums 1998: Ofra Haza at Montreux Jazz Festival Compilations 1983: Selected Hits (with Shechunat Hatikvah Workshop Theatre) 1986: Album HaZahav • Golden Album 2000: Manginat Halev Vol. 1 • Melody of the Heart Vol. 1 2004: Manginat Halev Vol. 2 • Melody of the Heart Vol. 2 2008: Forever Ofra Haza (remix album) Singles Soundtracks 1988: Colors 1990: Dick Tracy 1990: Wild Orchid 1994: soundtrack for La Reine Margot (Queen Margot) 1998: The Prince of Egypt 1998: The Governess 1999: The King And I (Hebrew version) 2000: American Psycho: Music from the Controversial Motion Picture'' See also List of Israeli musical artists List of mezzo-sopranos in non-classical music List of people on the postage stamps of Israel Honorific nicknames in popular music Women in Music References External links Category:1957 births Category:2000 deaths Category:AIDS-related deaths in Israel Category:Israeli dance musicians Category:Eurovision Song Contest entrants of 1983 Category:Israeli columnists Category:Israeli Eurovision Song Contest entrants Category:Israeli female singer-songwriters Category:Israeli film actresses Category:Israeli Jews Category:Israeli pop singers Category:Jewish singers Category:Musicians from Tel Aviv Category:Sire Records artists Category:Israeli people of Yemeni-Jewish descent Category:20th-century Mizrahi Jews Category:Israeli pianists Category:Israeli women pianists Category:Deaths from pneumonia Category:Synthpop singers Category:Israeli mezzo-sopranos Category:Infectious disease deaths in Israel Category:Burials in Israel Category:Israeli Jewish female singers Category:Women columnists Category:Israeli voice actresses Category:20th-century Israeli actresses Category:20th-century Israeli singers Category:20th-century pianists Category:20th-century women singers Category:Folk-pop singers Category:Jewish writers Category:Jewish women writers

HMS Atalanta (1814) HMS Atalanta was the American letter of marque schooner Siro, launched in 1812, that the British captured in 1814. There is no evidence that she actually entered into active service with the Royal Navy. She was a merchant brig when the captured her in September 1814 and sent her into Savannah as a prize, where she was condemned and sold. Letter of Marque Siro was built by William Flanagan, reportedly at a cost of US$40,000, and launched in 1812 at Baltimore for her owner George Stiles. She was a relatively expensive vessel, having been made of the finest materials. On her first trip her captain was Henry Levely. In the autumn of 1812 she was sailing to France when she captured , of ten guns, which was carrying specie worth US$23,500, and a cargo of indigo. Loyal Sam had been on her way from Nassau for Britain when Siro captured her. Siro sent her prize into Portland, and arrived there herself soon after. However, the British recaptured Loyal Sam. In 1814 Siro was on a voyage under the command of Captain D. Gray and off the coast of Ireland. She was carrying a cargo of cotton to Bordeaux, with the intent to engage in privateering after having landed her cargo. On 13 January captured Siro after a chase of 12 hours. She was only about two years old so the Royal Navy took Siro into service as Atalanta, and even though Pelican had to share the prize money with , she proved to be a valuable prize. Captain Thomas Mansell described Siro in a letter as being pierced for 16 guns though carrying twelve 9-pounders, and new and a fast sailer. She had apparently already escaped several British cruisers through superior sailing. British service The Royal Navy registered Siro as Atalanta, but the prize may have been sold before commissioning her as there appears to be no record of a commissioning., Her new owners were the Liverpool merchants Berkely (or Barclay), Salkeld & Co., who converted her to a brig. She entered Lloyd's Register for 1814 with R. Jackson, master, Bartle & Co. owners, and trade Liverpool–Bordeaux. Her owners had cotton plantations in Pensacola. She sailed from Liverpool on 14 August to Bordeaux. There a French merchant, M. Foussat, chartered her and put aboard a cargo for Pensacola. On 21 September 1814 the USS Wasp was about 75 miles east of Madeira when she captured Atalanta, which was described as a British brig of eight guns and 19 men, carrying a commercial cargo. Master Commandant Johnston Blakeley, the captain of Wasp, deemed Atalanta too valuable to destroy. Instead he placed her under the command of Midshipman David Geisinger and sent her home to the United States. She entered Savannah, Georgia, safely on 4 November 1814. She had been bringing back a cargo of brandy, wine, and silk from Bordeaux to Pensacola. In his letter to the Secretary of War, Geisinger describes Atalanta as the former American schooner Siro, which Pelican had captured in the Bay of Biscay. Unfortunately, Blakeley took Atalantas captain, mate and supercargo, all of whom were lost shortly thereafter when Wasp disappeared at sea. The capture gave rise to a case before the Supreme Court of the United States over the status of a cargo owned by a neutral though carried in a vessel belonging to the enemy Notes, citations, and references Notes Citations References Coggeshall, George (1856) History of the American privateers, and letters-of-marque, during our war with England in the years 1812, '13 and '14. Interspersed with several naval battles between American and British ships-of-war. (The author) Cranwell, John Philips, and William Bowers Crane (1940) Men of Marque. ( New York: W.W Norton & Company). Curtis, Benjamin Robbins (1855) Reports of decisions in the Supreme Court of the United States. Volumes 3 & 4 (Little, Brown) Footner, Geoffrey M. (1998) Tidewater Triumph: The Development and Worldwide Success of the Chesapeake Bay Pilot Schooner. (Naval Institute Press). Garitee, Jerome R. (1977) The Republic's private navy: the American privateering business as practiced by Baltimore during the War of 1812. (Published for Mystic Seaport by Wesleyan University Press). Harris, Graham, and Les MacPhie (2005) Oak Island And Its Lost Treasure. (Formac). Maclay, Edgar Stanton (1900) A history of American privateers. (Sampson, Low, Marston & co,). Marshall, John (1823-1835) Royal naval biography, or, Memoirs of the services of all the flag-officers, superannuated rear-admirals, retired-captains, post-captains, and commanders, whose names appeared on the Admiralty list of sea officers at the commencement of the present year 1823, or who have since been promoted ... (London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown). Neeser, Robert Wilden (1909) Statistical and chronological history of the United States navy, 1775-1907, Vol.2. (Macmillan). Category:Schooners of the Royal Navy Category:Privateer ships of the United States Category:Captured ships Category:1812 ships

Emilia Mernes María Emilia Mernes (born October 29, 1996), who records monomously as Emilia, is an Argentine singer, songwriter, dancer and model. Born and raised in Nogoyá, Entre Ríos, Emilia rose to fame in the year 2016s as lead singer of the cumbia-pop group Rombai. From 2016 to 2018, the group performed on some of the most important stages of Latin America, until Emilia announced her departure from the group to focus on her solo career. In 2019, after signing a contract with W. K. Entertainment and Sony Music Latin, Emilia released her debut single "Recalienta," which peaked at number 68 on the Billboard Argentina Hot 100. Discography Singles As lead artist As featured artist Footnotes References Category:1996 births Category:Argentine female models Category:Argentine pop singers Category:Living people Category:21st-century Argentine singers Category:21st-century women singers Category:Argentine female singers Category:Hispanic and Latino American female models

Dancing with a Stranger "Dancing with a Stranger" is a song by English singer Sam Smith and American singer Normani. It was written by Smith, Normani, Jimmy Napes, Mikkel S. Eriksen, Tor Hermansen, and produced by Stargate, Napes, Tim Blacksmith and Danny D. "Dancing with a Stranger" was released as a single by Capitol Records on 11 January 2019. The track became a commercial success, reaching number three in the United Kingdom and number seven in the United States. "Dancing with a Stranger" was the most-played radio track of 2019, according to Forbes. The song was nominated for Song of the Year at the 2020 Brit Awards. Background and composition According to Billboard, the collaboration happened through a chance encounter at a recording studio in Los Angeles. When Smith was writing a track with their frequent collaborator Jimmy Napes and Norwegian producers Stargate, Normani happened to be in the studio next door. After talking, the two decided to work together. Musically, "Dancing with a Stranger" is a disco-R&B and pop duet that contains 1980s-inspired R&B production. The song was written by Smith, Normani, Napes and Stargate. The latter two also handled production for the track alongside Danny D and Tim Blacksmith. Monica Mercuri of Forbes described the single as "sultry" and showing off the singer's "powerful" vocals. David Renshaw, writing for The Fader, called the song a "veer away from [Smith's] gentle soul sound". Lyrically, the song is about coping with loneliness and moving past a lost love. Critical reception Brittany Spanos, writing for Rolling Stone, stated the song "plays to [Smith's] retro-leaning strengths and Normani's own solo vision of being a Sexy soul-dance diva". She concluded her review by calling the song "simple and fun". Rose Dommu of Out praised the duo's vocals, calling Normani's "sultry voice is the perfect counterpoint to Smith’s own deep tone". Mike Nied of Idolator wrote that the song "expertly capture the frustration and loneliness of heartbreak, bottling it and presenting it as something both deeply personal and infinitely relatable". Billboard magazine called the song a "sexy earworm", lauding the pair's "standout vocal delivery", with Smith's "seductive falsetto accompanied by Normani's smoky counterpart". Associated Press ranked it as the 2nd Best Song of 2019. Billboard ranked it 38th on their Best Songs of 2019 list. Commercial performance In the United Kingdom, "Dancing with a Stranger" peaked at number three on the UK Singles Chart in January 2019, becoming Smith's eleventh and Normani's first top ten single in the UK. It was certified Platinum by the British Phonographic Industry. In the United States, the song peaked at number seven on the Billboard Hot 100 in April 2019, making it Smith's sixth and Normani's second top ten single in the US. In May 2019, "Dancing with a Stranger" topped the US Radio Songs chart, becoming Smith's second and Normani's first chart topper there. It also topped the US Adult Top 40 and reached number two on the Mainstream Top 40 chart, behind "Sucker" by the Jonas Brothers. In other countries, "Dancing with a Stranger" peaked inside top ten in Belgium, Denmark, Ireland, Australia, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Canada, South Africa, Singapore, Malaysia, Iceland, Lebanon and Sweden. It was also certified 4× Platinum in Australia and Canada, Platinum in New Zealand, and Gold in few other European countries. "Dancing with a Stranger" was the most played song on radio in 2019, according to Forbes. The song was also the 4th most played song on radio in 2019 in the US, receiving over 3.134 billion audience impressions, according to Billboard. The music video for "Dancing with a Stranger" was the most viewed video in the United Kingdom on Vevo in 2019, and was the second most viewed video in the United Kingdom on YouTube of 2019. As of November 2019, the song has surpassed over a billion streams worldwide. Awards and Nominations Music video The music video was released on 29 January 2019. The video was directed by Vaughan Arnell, and was shot in London. It features Smith and Normani moving and dancing through a "sleek, stark home" while being surrounded by hologram projections of dancers. Formats and track listings Digital download "Dancing with a Stranger" – 2:51 Digital download (Acoustic) "Dancing with a Stranger"  – 3:07 Digital download (Cheat Codes Remix) "Dancing with a Stranger"  – 2:39 12-inch vinyl "Dancing with a Stranger" – 2:51 "Dancing with a Stranger"  – 2:51 Credits and personnel Credits adapted from Tidal. Sam Smith – vocals, songwriting Normani – vocals, songwriting Jimmy Napes – songwriting, production Stargate – songwriting, production, music production Tim Blacksmith – production, executive production Danny D – production, executive production Randy Merrill – master engineering, studio personnel Kevin "KD" Davis – mixing, studio personnel Charts Weekly charts Year-end charts Certifications Release history References External links Category:2019 singles Category:2019 songs Category:American disco songs Category:Normani songs Category:Sam Smith (singer) songs Category:Songs written by Sam Smith (singer) Category:Songs written by Jimmy Napes Category:Songs written by Tor Erik Hermansen Category:Songs written by Mikkel Storleer Eriksen Category:Song recordings produced by Stargate (production team) Category:Torch songs Category:Vocal duets Category:Songs written by Normani

Capture of Kufra The Capture of Kufra (, ) was part of the Allied Western Desert Campaign during the Second World War. Kufra is a basin and oasis group in the Kufra District of south-eastern Cyrenaica in the Libyan Desert. In 1940, it was part of the colony of Italian Libya , which was part of (ASI), which was established in 1934. With some early assistance from the British Long Range Desert Group, Kufra was captured by Free French Forces when the Italian and Libyan garrison surrendered after a siege from 31 January to 1 March 1941. Background Kufra, in the Libyan Desert subregion of the Sahara, was an important trade and travel centre for the nomadic desert peoples of the region, including Berbers and Senussi. The Senussi made the oasis their capital at one point against British, Italian and French designs on the region. In 1931, the Kingdom of Italy captured Kufra and incorporated it into the Italian North Africa () colonisation of the Maghreb. The Italian post at Kufra included the Buma airfield and radio station, used for air supply and communications with Italian East Africa and a fort at the nearby village of El Tag. Prelude After the Allied defeat of 1940 in the Battle of France, the colony of French Equatorial Africa (FEA) declared its allegiance to Free France, the government-in-exile led by Charles de Gaulle. Chad, the northern part of FEA, borders Libya. De Gaulle ordered the Free French in Chad to attack Italian positions in Libya. Kufra was the obvious target and the troops available to the Free French commander in Chad, Lieutenant Colonel Jean Colonna d'Ornano, were 5,000 (riflemen) of the Senegalese Light Infantry Regiment of Chad ( (RTST) in twenty companies garrisoning various places and three detachments of (camel cavalry), in Borkou, Tibesti and Ennedi. Attacking Kufra would be very difficult for this motley force. The Free French had very little motor transport and needed to cross of desert, much of which was sand dune or the fine, powdery soil called which was thought impassable to motor vehicles. The French received assistance from the British Long Range Desert Group (LRDG), a reconnaissance and raiding unit formed to operate behind the Italian lines, who had become expert in desert navigation. Major Pat Clayton of the LRDG was keen to join with the Free French to test the Italians. Clayton commanded G Guard (Brigade of Guards) and T Patrol (New Zealand) of the LRDG, 76 men in 26 vehicles. The LRDG and Free French first raided the Italian airfield at Murzuk, in the –Fezzan region in south-western Libya. D'Ornano and ten Free French (three officers, two sergeants and five local soldiers) met Clayton's LRDG patrols on 6 January 1941 at Kayouge. The combined force reached Murzuk on 11 January and in a daring daylight raid, surprised the sentries and devastated the base. Most of the force attacked the main fort; a troop from T Patrol under Lieutenant Ballantyne attacked the airfield, destroying three Caproni aircraft and capturing some prisoners; D'Ornano was killed in this raid along with one trooper of T Patrol. A French officer cauterised his leg wound with a cigarette, much to the admiration of the LRDG. A diversionary raid by French camel cavalry failed after it was betrayed by local guides. These troops were relegated to reconnaissance duties only. Battle Colonel Philippe Leclerc assumed command in place of d'Ornano. After the success of the Murzuk raid, Leclerc marshalled his forces to take on Kufra. The attacking column included about 400 men in sixty trucks, two Laffly S15 ( TOE) scout cars, four Laffly S15R cross country personnel carriers and two mountain guns. Kufra was protected by two defensive lines around the El Tag fort with barbed wire, trenches, machine-guns and light anti-aircraft guns. The Royal Italian Army () garrison comprised the 59th and 60th Machine-gun companies, with 280 (local infantry) and an Auto-Saharan Company, the . The Saharan companies were a mixed force of motorised infantry with well-armed cross-country vehicles (SPA AS37), which could also call on the (Italian Royal Air Force) for support. The in Kufra was around 120-men strong (45 Italians and 75 Libyans). Leclerc asked the LRDG to deal with the Saharan company, based in El Tag fort in the Kufra oasis. The LRDG was detected by a radio intercept unit at Kufra and the Italians organised a mobile column of forty men, one AS37 and four FIAT 634 lorries to intercept them. G Patrol had been kept in reserve. On 31 January, Major Clayton was at Bishara ( south-south-west of Kufra) with T Patrol (30 men in 11 trucks). The patrol was spotted by an Italian aeroplane in the morning. T Patrol took cover in a small wadi at Gebel Sherif, a few kilometres north. The plane directed the Saharan patrol to attack the LRDG force. Due to the fire-power of the Italian vehicles were armed with cannon and constant air attack, T Patrol was driven off, losing four trucks and Major Clayton, who was captured with several others. Trooper Ronald Moore led other survivors to safety after a long foot march. The remaining LRDG force withdrew to Egypt for refitting, except for one vehicle of T Patrol, equipped for desert navigation. During the fight, 1st Lieutenant Caputo, in command of the , was killed as were two Libyan soldiers. Leclerc pressed on with his attack, even though the Italians had captured a copy of his plans from Major Clayton. After conducting further reconnaissance, Leclerc reorganised his forces on 16 February. He abandoned his two armoured cars and took with him the remaining serviceable artillery piece. Only about 350 men reached Kufra, due to breakdowns of trucks on the march. Aware of the French approach, the Italians organised another strong mobile column from the Saharan company (seventy men, ten AS37 and five trucks). On 17 February, Leclerc's forces met the north of Kufra. Despite losing many trucks to the 20 mm guns of the Italian AS37 cars, the French drove off the as the Kufra garrison failed to intervene. The French surrounded El Tag and laid siege to the fort, despite another attack by the and harassment from the air. The 75 mm gun was placed from the fort, beyond range of the defenders and fired twenty shells per day at regular intervals from different places to give the appearance of more guns. Some mortars were placed from the fort and bombed the Italian positions to increase the pressure on the defenders. Italian surrender The fort was commanded by an inexperienced reserve captain, who lacked the will and the determination to fight. Surrender negotiations began on 28 February and on 1 March 1941, the Italian garrison of 11 officers, 18 NCOs and 273 Libyan soldiers (12, 47 and 273, according to French sources) surrendered El Tag and the Kufra oasis to the Free French. During the siege, the Italian garrison had suffered one Italian officer killed, two Libyan soldiers killed and four wounded; the French suffered four fatal casualties and 21 wounded. The Italian garrison was permitted to withdraw to the north-west and the French forces took over eight SPA AS.37 light trucks, six lorries, four 20 mm cannon and 53 machine-guns. Orders of battle French HQ: 1 Matford truck, 2 Chevrolet light trucks, 2 Bedford 1.5 ton trucks, 1 ER26bis radio 1 reduced infantry company (Captain Rennepont): 23 Bedford 1.5 ton trucks 2 platoons, GN Ennedi (Captain Barboten): 120 men, 1 Dodge truck, 16 Matford V8 3 ton trucks 1 platoon, 7th Company, RTST (Captain Florentin): 60 men, 1 Dodge truck, 2 Matford V8 3 ton trucks Artillery platoon (Lieutenant Ceccaldi): 2 75 mm Mle1928 Schneider mountain guns, 4 Laffly S15 carriers, 1 Dodge truck, 2 Matford V8 3 ton trucks Armoured car detachment (Adjudant Detouche): 2 Laffly S15TOE, 1 Matford V8 3 ton truck, 1 ER26bis/39 radio Italian HQ forces Settore Cufra (Kufra sector) 59th : 3 officers, 1 NCO, 3 Italian enlisted, 110 colonial troops enlisted, 13 MG (8 mm Schwarzlose 07/12 or 6.5 mm FIAT mod. 14) 60th : 3 officers, 1 NCO, 3 Italian enlisted, 110 colonial troops enlisted, 13 MG (8 mm Schwarzlose 07/12 or 6.5 mm FIAT mod. 14) (LT Caputo – KIA): 4 officers, 7 NCO, 32 Italian enlisted, 77 colonial troops enlisted, 16 AS 37 off-road vehicles, 4 FIAT 634 trucks : 4 officers, 4 NCO, 32 Italian enlisted, four aircraft Oath of Kufra After the fall of Kufra, Leclerc and his troops swore an oath to fight until "our flag flies over the Cathedral of Strasbourg" The oath was fulfilled on 23 November 1944, when Leclerc and the French 2nd Armoured Division liberated Strasbourg. See also North African Campaign timeline List of World War II Battles Sudan Defence Force Kufra District Notes Footnotes References Further reading External links Peter McIntyre, Salt Lake at Kufra Oasis, 1941–1943 (Painting) Real location of Kayouge rendezvous Category:Conflicts in 1941 Category:1941 in Libya Category:Western Desert Campaign Category:Libya in World War II Category:Kufra District Category:Battles of World War II involving France Category:Battles of World War II involving Italy C

2005 Japan national football team This page records the details of the Japan national football team in 2005. General The Japan national football team competed in the 2005 FIFA Confederations Cup hosted by Germany, the 2005 East Asian Football Championship hosted by Korea Republic and the 2005 Kirin Cup hosted by Japan. Schedule Key H = Home match A = Away match N = Neutral venue Players statistics Top goal scorers for 2005 Kits References External links Japan Football Association Category:Japan national football team results Category:2005 in Japanese football Japan

Bissau, Rajasthan Bissau is a city and a municipality in Jhunjhunu district in the state of Rajasthan, India. Geography Bissau is located at . It has an average elevation of 292 metres (958 feet). It is about 40 km. from Jhunjhunu, and 12 km. from Churu. Bissau is well connected by private & R.S.R.T.C. bus services. It is also connected by trains with big cities along with the neighbouring tourist towns like as Churu, Fatehpur, Sikar & Jaipur. Bissau is 210 km from Jaipur, 280 km from New Delhi, and 1300 km from Mumbai. Places of tourist attractions Bissau Fort.(present owner Rawal Sanjai Singh ji Of Bissau ) Raj ki Chhatri (A Cenotaph of Maharaja's of Bissau) Temple of Venkat(Baanke) Bihari Ji.(Maharaja's of Bissau) Temple of Narsingh Deo Ji. 132 Ft Neelkanth Mahadev Temple Barfani baba mandir Budhia Mahadev Mandir. jeen mata mandir (meena ka mohalla word no. 07) Goga Medi & Mandir & Talab(Maharaja's of Bissau) Gaushala Bissau(Maharaja's of Bissau) Dholpalia Johad(Maharaja's of Bissau) Gaushala Johad(Maharaja's of Bissau) Soorsagar(Maharaja's of Bissau) Madarsa Inamul uloom Bajranglal ji Jhunjhunwala ki Haveli. Jai Narain Gopi Ram Tibrewal Haveli. Chandi Prasad sigatia Haveli. Budhar Mal Mertia Haveli. Shri Lal Didwania (Tibrewal) Haveli. Girdhari Lal Sigatia Haveli. Bajrang Lal sigatia Haveli. Radhey Shyam Singhania Haveli. Satya Narain Banwari Lal Bagla Haveli. Hari Prasad Nand Lal Kyala Haveli. Hari Bax Fatehpuria Haveli. Kashi prasad Vaidhya (S/O Tularam ji Sharma ) Haveli. Ram Dayal Fatehpuria Haveli. Brij Mohan Kanodia Haveli. Jorawar Mal Poddar Haveli. Keshardev Ji Kanodia Haveli Nathu Ram Poddar Haveli. Murli Dhar Hira Lal Jhunjhunuwala ki Haveli. Niranjan Lal jai Dayal Kedia Haveli. Shri Babulal Hajarimal Jatiaji Haveli Dhawalpaliha Johda. Samash Khan Peer Ki Dargkah 121 Ft Minaret at Arafat Mosque • Ramanyana Bala ji Mandir Ghochiya ki bari It is also famous for mute ramleela performed since last 150 years. It is performed by locals and is performed in daylight at Ram leela chowk, Main market. Its only ramleela in world of its type. It continue for 15 days starting for Navratri. Education Bissau, Rajasthan has some very good educational institutions. Lakshmipat Singhania Academy (rated 4.2 of 5 on SchoolMyKids) is one of the top K12 school in Bissau. Demographics India census, Bissau had a population of 21,133. Males constitute 51% of the population and females 49%. Bissau has an average literacy rate of 60%, higher than the national average of 59.5%; with male literacy of 70% and female literacy of 50%. 18% of the population is under 6 years of age. References http://www.censusindia.gov.in/ Category:Cities and towns in Jhunjhunu district

MSC Armonia MSC Armonia is a cruise ship that was built in 2001 for the now defunct Festival Cruises as MS European Vision. Since 2004 the ship has been owned and operated by MSC Cruises. At 58,600 gross register tons, she can accommodate 2,065 passengers in 783 cabins and 760 crew members. History As the European Vision, she was chartered for the 27th G8 summit in Genoa, Italy as a secure location to house world leaders. Terrorism fears were high in advance of the September 11, 2001 attacks and Al Qaeda was believed to be considering Genoa as a target. Although the ship was protected by a phalanx of anti-terrorism units including helicopters and missile launchers, U.S. President George W. Bush stayed instead at a dockside hotel. Deployments MSC Armonia has cruised around the Mediterranean Sea and ports within the Eastern Atlantic. Most recently, she was homeported in Havana until December 2018 when she repositioned to Miami to offer cruises between the United States and Cuba, and later, the Caribbean. In November 2020, she will homeport in Tampa, Florida for the first time, sailing to the Caribbean. Accidents MSC Armonia was involved in a docking accident in Roatan Honduras on April 10, 2018, when it made contact with the port with 2,679 guests on board. Damage to the ship was minor, the company says. After repairs, Honduran Port State Control authorities cleared the ship to continue its journey. At about 5:30 a.m. this Wednesday morning, the ship left for Belize and is scheduled for a 1 p.m. arrival. The company says that all passengers and about 721 crew members were not injured. Video of the incident can be view at https://www.usatoday.com/story/travel/2018/04/11/watch-msc-armonia-cruise-ship-crashes-into-dock-roatan/506382002/ References External links msccruises.co.uk Armonia page Category:Cruise ships Category:Ships of MSC Cruises Category:2000 ships

Alfred Séguin François-Léo Séguin called Alfred Séguin (22 November 1825, Baignes-Sainte-Radegonde – circa 1900) was a 19th-century French novelist and playwright. A tax civil servant, his plays were presented, inter alia, at the Théâtre des Délassements-Comiques and the . Works 1860: À bon chat, bon rat !, vaudeville-opéretta in 1 act 1862: Rondes et rondeaux chantés... dans les Folies de Montmartre, Dubois and E. Vert 1865: Le Jour de l'an, one-act comédie en vaudevilles 1865 Paul et Virginie dans une mansarde, one-act comédie en vaudevilles, with Jean Pierre Charles Perrot de Renneville 1867: Les Hommes en grève, new vaudeville in 4 acts, with Édouard Hermil 1871: Paris ne mourra pas !, P.-M. Cadoret 1875: Bengali, ou les Fils du paria followed by À vol d'oiseau, Didier 1876: La Petite Franchette, ou Tout est bien qui finit bien, one-act comédie en vaudevilles 1877: Le Robinson noir, P. Ducrocq 1877: Le Talisman de Marguerite, Didier 1877: Théâtre de jeunes gens, T. Olmer 1879: Le Courrier persan, J. Bonhoure 1879: Les Finesses de Pierrette, one-act comedy 1887: Si j'étais grand !, A. Picard et Kaan 1891: Les Infortunes de Simonne, A. Picard et Kaan 1894: Les Petits coureurs des bois, A. Picard et Kaan 1897: Lise, Lisette et Lison, A. Picard et Kaan 1897: Les Promesses de Mlle Augustine, A. Picard et Kaan External links Alfred Seguin on Data.bnf.fr Le Robinson noir on Gallica Category:People from Charente Category:19th-century French dramatists and playwrights Category:19th-century French novelists Category:1825 births Category:1900s deaths

Johann Georg Reißmüller Johann Georg Reißmüller (20 February 1932 – 10 December 2018) was a German journalist, a co-publisher of the Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung (FAZ). He was a correspondent in Belgrade, then the capital of Yugoslavia, from 1967 to 1971. When the country broke up, he was instrumental in Germany recognizing Croatia and Slovenia. Career Born in Leitmeritz, Reißmüller grew up in Bohemia. He took singing lessons as a child. He had to leave after World War II in the 1946 Expulsion of Germans from Czechoslovakia, and was deported to Vorpommern. His father was arrested in 1950, and Reißmüller escaped to West Berlin. Reißmüller studied law at the University of Tübingen where he obtained his J.D. in 1958, under Günter Dürig, with a dissertation about the limits of the common right to freedom (Schranken des allgemeinen Freiheitsrechts). From 1957 to 1961 Reißmüller worked for the JuristenZeitung (JZ) in Tübingen. He joined the FAZ on 1 April 1961, writing for the political editorial department. He was a reporter in Belgrade from 1967 to 1971, then the capital of Yugoslavia. His topics were communism in Eastern Europe, socialism in Yugoslavia and the churches there. In 1974, he became one of five publishers (Herausgeber) of the FAZ. Reißmüller supported in his articles, almost 130 between 1990 and 1992, the recognition of Croatia and Slovenia, and was credited with his influence on politics when their independence was recognised on 15 January 1992. In 1995, he received an honorary doctorate from the University of Zagreb which was the only award he accepted. Reißmüller retired from the FAZ on 1 March 1999. He performed songs from the early German Democratic Republic at the farewell celebration, accompanied by the journalist and musicologist . Several songs were published as a CD by , Uns gefällt diese Welt – Lieder der frühen DDR. Reißmüller died on 10 December 2018 in Frankfurt am Main. Work Music Johann Georg Reißmüller: Uns gefällt diese Welt – Lieder der frühen DDR. 55 min CD, Biton 4007 bei Zweitausendeins, Frankfurt/M. 2000. Literature Fritz Behrendt (author), Johann Georg Reißmüller (preface): Eine Feder für die Freiheit: Zeichnungen und Karikaturen 1950–2000. Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt DVA, 2000, . Books Johann Georg Reißmüller: Jugoslawien. Vielvölkerstaat zwischen Ost und West. Diederichs Verlag, Düsseldorf 1971, . Johann Georg Reißmüller (ed.): 111 Zeitgenossen. 1st edition. Societäts-Verlag, Frankfurt 1977. Johann Georg Reißmüller: Die vergessene Hälfte. Osteuropa und wir. Langen Müller-Verlag, 1986, . Der Krieg vor unserer Haustür. Hintergründe der historischen Tragödie. Deutsche Verlags Anstalt, Stuttgart 1991, . Die bosnische Tragödie. Deutsche Verlags Anstalt, Stuttgart 1993, . Johann Georg Reißmüller (ed.): Dazu möchte ich bemerken--: Leserbriefe in der Frankfurter Allgemeinen Zeitung aus 50 Jahren. Keyser, 1999. Essay Johann Georg Reissmüller: Das Monopol des Bundesverfassungsgerichts aus Art. 18 des Grundgesetzes. Juristenzeitung 1960, pp. 529ff References External links Category:1932 births Category:2018 deaths Category:People from Litoměřice Category:Sudeten German people Category:German journalists Category:German publishers (people) Category:Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung people

Manushi Manushi: A Journal about Women and Society is an Indian magazine devoted to feminism as well as to gender studies and activism. The magazine was founded in 1978 by Madhu Kishwar and Ruth Vanita, two scholars based in New Delhi. It is currently published as a bi-monthly; a total of 157 issues have appeared by the end of the year 2006. Manushi is also a publishing house which prints not just works on the status of women in India but also novels and short stories with a less direct connection to gender issues. Manushi from the beginning has sought to publish articles about the full range of South Asian communities. It regularly includes articles about women's issues in Pakistan, Nepal, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka as well as less frequent articles from around the world. The editors strive to cover people often relatively ignored in English-language media in South Asia. Activists are asked to contribute articles about peasants, workers and minorities, whether religious or ethnic. Manushi sponsors series of lectures and training seminars and also furnishes information to victimised women. References Kishwar, Madhu and Vanita, Ruth (eds.). In search of Answers: Indian Women's voices from Manushi. ( First edition 1984, various reprints and revised editions by Indian and British publishers between 1985 and 1999.) External links Category:1978 establishments in India Category:English-language magazines in India Category:Feminism and society Category:Feminist magazines Category:Feminism in India Category:Indian women's magazines Category:Magazines established in 1978 Category:Media in Delhi Category:Women's rights in Asia Category:Bi-monthly magazines

Dolphin lamp standard Dolphin lamp standards provide electric light along much of the Thames Embankment in London, United Kingdom. Two stylised dolphins or sturgeons writhe around the base of a standard lamp post, supporting a fluted column bearing electric lights in an opaque white globe, topped by a metal crown. Many of the lamps are mounted on granite plinths. The lamp posts were designed by George John Vulliamy and modelled by Charles Henry Mabey. They were based on statues of dolphins or fish with intertwined tails at the Fontana del Nettuno in the Piazza del Popolo in Rome, which was constructed in 1822–23. In the late 1860s, the London Metropolitan Board of Works decided to light the new Thames embankments with electric lights, and asked for submissions of designs. Several possible designs were published in The Illustrated London News and The Builder magazine in March 1870, including Vulliamy's "dolphin" design; a design by Timothy Butler decorated with climbing children and an overflowing cornucopia, cast by the Coalbrookdale Company; and a more restrained classical design by Joseph Bazalgette decorated with lion's feet, inspired by classical tripods, and modelled by S. Burnett. Vulliamy had become superintending architect to the Metropolitan Board of Works in March 1861, and he also designed benches for the embankments with cast iron ends in the form of sphinxes and camels, inspired by Cleopatra's Needle. Bazalgette was the Board's chief engineer. Vulliamy's lamp design was the most popular, and examples of his design dominate the Victoria Embankment and Albert Embankment. Bazalgette's design was used along the Chelsea Embankment. Butler's design was used in very limited numbers, with at least two near the Chelsea Embankment. The lamps originally used electric Yablochkov candles, but the early electric lights were inefficient and were replaced by gas lights by 1884. They were converted back to electricity in 1900. Many now have a Grade II listing. Further dolphin lamp posts were added on the north and south banks of the Thames in 1977, to commemorate the Silver Jubilee of Queen Elizabeth II. References Dolphin lampposts, London Details Representing the nation: the Thames Embankment lamps, Rag-picking history Here be Dolphins (or Sturgeons), Footprints of London Iron, Ornament and Architecture in Victorian Britain: Myth and Modernity, Excess and Enchantment, Paul Dobraszczyk, Ashgate Publishing, 2014, , p. 85–89 (dolphins) (dolphin) (fish) (fish) (cornucopiae) (cornucopiae) (lion's feet) (history of lighting) Category:Buildings and structures in London Category:Grade II listed buildings in London Category:Street lighting Category:Victoria Embankment

Biological value Biological value (BV) is a measure of the proportion of absorbed protein from a food which becomes incorporated into the proteins of the organism's body. It captures how readily the digested protein can be used in protein synthesis in the cells of the organism. Proteins are the major source of nitrogen in food. BV assumes protein is the only source of nitrogen and measures the proportion of this nitrogen absorbed by the body which is then excreted. The remainder must have been incorporated into the proteins of the organisms body. A ratio of nitrogen incorporated into the body over nitrogen absorbed gives a measure of protein "usability" – the BV. Unlike some measures of protein usability, biological value does not take into account how readily the protein can be digested and absorbed (largely by the small intestine). This is reflected in the experimental methods used to determine BV. BV uses two similar scales: The true percentage utilization (usually shown with a percent symbol). The percentage utilization relative to a readily utilizable protein source, often egg (usually shown as unitless). These two values will be similar but not identical. The BV of a food varies greatly, and depends on a wide variety of factors. In particular the BV value of a food varies depending on its preparation and the recent diet of the organism. This makes reliable determination of BV difficult and of limited use — fasting prior to testing is universally required in order to ascertain reliable figures. BV is commonly used in nutrition science in many mammalian organisms, and is a relevant measure in humans. It is a popular guideline in bodybuilding in protein choice. Determination of BV For accurate determination of BV: the test organism must only consume the protein or mixture of proteins of interest (the test diet). the test diet must contain no non-protein sources of nitrogen. the test diet must be of suitable content and quantity to avoid use of the protein primarily as an energy source. These conditions mean the tests are typically carried out over the course of over one week with strict diet control. Fasting prior to testing helps produce consistency between subjects (it removes recent diet as a variable). There are two scales on which BV is measured; percentage utilization and relative utilization. By convention percentage BV has a percent sign (%) suffix and relative BV has no unit. Percentage utilization Biological value is determined based on this formula. BV = ( Nr / Na ) * 100 Where: Na = nitrogen absorbed in proteins on the test diet Nr = nitrogen incorporated into the body on the test diet However direct measurement of Nr is essentially impossible. It will typically be measured indirectly from nitrogen excretion in urine. Faecal excretion of nitrogen must also be taken into account - this part of the ingested protein is not absorbed by the body and so not included in the calculation of BV. An estimate is used of the amount of the urinary and faecal nitrogen excretion not coming from ingested nitrogen. This may be done by substituting a protein-free diet and observing nitrogen excretion in urine or faeces, but the accuracy of this method of estimation of the amount of nitrogen excretion not coming from ingested nitrogen on a protein-containing diet has been questioned. BV = ( ( Ni - Ne(f) - Ne(u) ) / (Ni - Ne(f)) ) * 100 Where: Ni = nitrogen intake in proteins on the test diet Ne(f) = (nitrogen excreted in faeces whilst on the test diet) - (nitrogen excreted in faeces not from ingested nitrogen) Ne(u) = (nitrogen excreted in urine whilst on the test diet) - (nitrogen excreted in urine not from ingested nitrogen) Note: Nr = Ni - Ne(f) - Ne(u) Na = Ni - Ne(f) This can take any value from 0 to 100, though reported BV could be out of this range if the estimates of nitrogen excretion from non-ingested sources are inaccurate, such as could happen if the endogenous secretion changes with protein intake. A BV of 100% indicates complete utilization of a dietary protein, i.e. 100% of the protein ingested and absorbed is incorporated into proteins into the body. The value of 100% is an absolute maximum, no more than 100% of the protein ingested can be utilized (in the equation above Ne(u) and Ne(f) cannot go negative, setting 100% as the maximum BV). Relative utilization Due to experimental limitations BV is often measured relative to an easily utilizable protein. Normally egg protein is assumed to be the most readily utilizable protein and given a BV of 100. For example: Two tests of BV are carried out on the same person; one with the test protein source and one with a reference protein (egg protein). relative BV = ( BV(test) / BV(egg) ) * 100 Where: BV(test) = percentage BV of the test diet for that individual BV(egg) = percentage BV of the reference (egg) diet for that individual This is not restricted to values of less than 100. The percentage BV of egg protein is only 93.7% which allows other proteins with true percentage BV between 93.7% and 100% to take a relative BV of over 100. For example, whey protein takes a relative BV of 104, while its percentage BV is under 100%. The principal advantage of measuring BV relative to another protein diet is accuracy; it helps account for some of the metabolic variability between individuals. In a simplistic sense the egg diet is testing the maximum efficiency the individual can take up protein, the BV is then provided as a percentage taking this as the maximum. Conversion Providing it is known which protein measurements were made relative to it is simple to convert from relative BV to percentage BV: BV(relative) = ( BV(percentage) / BV(reference) ) * 100 BV(percentage) = ( BV(relative) / 100 ) * BV(reference) Where: BV(relative) = relative BV of the test protein BV(reference) = percentage BV of reference protein (typically egg: 93.7%). BV(percentage) = percentage BV of the test protein While this conversion is simple it is not strictly valid due to the differences between the experimental methods. It is, however, suitable for use as a guideline. Factors that affect BV The determination of BV is carefully designed to accurately measure some aspects of protein usage whilst eliminating variation from other aspects. When using the test (or considering BV values) care must be taken to ensure the variable of interest is quantified by BV. Factors which affect BV can be grouped into properties of the protein source and properties of the species or individual consuming the protein. Properties of the protein source Three major properties of a protein source affect its BV: Amino acid composition, and the limiting amino acid, which is usually lysine Preparation (cooking) Vitamin and mineral content Amino acid composition is the principal effect. All proteins are made up of combinations of the 21 biological amino acids. Some of these can be synthesised or converted in the body, whereas others cannot and must be ingested in the diet. These are known as essential amino acids (EAAs), of which there are 9 in humans. The number of EAAs varies according to species (see below). EAAs missing from the diet prevent the synthesis of proteins that require them. If a protein source is missing critical EAAs, then its biological value will be low as the missing EAAs form a bottleneck in protein synthesis. For example, if a hypothetical muscle protein requires phenylalanine (an essential amino acid), then this must be provided in the diet for the muscle protein to be produced. If the current protein source in the diet has no phenylalanine in it the muscle protein cannot be produced, giving a low usability and BV of the protein source. In a related way if amino acids are missing from the protein source which are particularly slow or energy consuming to synthesise this can result in a low BV. Methods of food preparation also affect the availability of amino acids in a food source. Some of food preparation may damage or destroy some EAAs, reducing the BV of the protein source. Many vitamins and minerals are vital for the correct function of cells in the test organism. If critical minerals or vitamins are missing from the protein source this can result in a massively lowered BV. Many BV tests artificially add vitamins and minerals (for example in yeast extract) to prevent this. Properties of the test species or individual Under test conditions Variations in BV under test conditions are dominated by the metabolism of the individuals or species being tested. In particular differences in the essential amino acids (EAAs) species to species has a significant effect, although even minor variations in amino acid metabolism individual to individual have a large effect. The fine dependence on the individual's metabolism makes measurement of BV a vital tool in diagnosing some metabolic diseases. In everyday life The principal effect on BV in everyday life is the organism's current diet, although many other factors such as age, health, weight, sex, etc. all have an effect. In short any condition which can affect the organism's metabolism will vary the BV of a protein source. In particular, whilst on a high protein diet the BV of all foods consumed is reduced — the limiting rate at which the amino acids may be incorporated into the body is not the availability of amino acids but the rate of protein synthesis possible in cells. This is a major point of criticism of BV as a test; the test diet is artificially protein rich and may have unusual effects. Factors with no effect BV is designed to ignore variation in digestibility of a food — which in turn largely depends on the food preparation. For example, compare raw soy beans and extracted soy bean protein. The raw soy beans, with tough cell walls protecting the protein, have a far lower digestibility than the purified, unprotected, soy bean protein extract. As a foodstuff far more protein can be absorbed from the extract than the raw beans, however the BV will be the same. The exclusion of digestibility is a point of misunderstanding and leads to misrepresentation of the meaning of a high or low BV Advantages and disadvantages BV provides a good measure of the usability of proteins in a diet and also plays a valuable role in detection of some metabolic diseases. BV is, however, a scientific variable determined under very strict and unnatural conditions. It is not a test designed to evaluate the usability of proteins whilst an organism is in everyday life — indeed the BV of a diet will vary greatly depending on age, weight, health, sex, recent diet, current metabolism, etc. of the organism. In addition BV of the same food varies significantly species to species. Given these limitations BV is still relevant to everyday diet to some extent. No matter the individual or their conditions a protein source with high BV, such as egg, will always be more easily used than a protein source with low BV. In comparison to other methods known There are many other major methods of determining how readily used a protein is, including: Net protein Utilization (NPU) Protein Efficiency Ratio (PER) Nitrogen Balance (NB) Protein digestibility (PD) Protein Digestibility Corrected Amino Acid Score (PDCAAS) These all hold specific advantages and disadvantages over BV, although in the past BV has been held in high regard. In animals The Biological Value method is also used for analysis in animals such as cattle, poultry, and various laboratory animals such as rats. It was used by the poultry industry to determine which mixtures of feed were utilized most efficiently by developing chicken. Although the process remains the same, the biological values of particular proteins in humans differs from their biological values in animals due to physiological variations. Typical values Common foodstuffs and their values: (Note: this scale uses 100 as 100% of the nitrogen incorporated.) Whey Protein: 96 Whole Soy Bean: 96 Human milk: 95 Chicken egg: 94 Soybean milk: 91 Buckwheat: 90+ Cow milk: 90 Cheese: 84 Quinoa: 83 Rice: 83 Defatted soy flour: 81 Fish: 76 Beef: 74.3 Immature bean: 65 Full-fat soy flour: 64 Soybean curd (tofu): 64 Whole wheat: 64 White flour: 41 Common foodstuffs and their values: (Note: These values use "whole egg" as a value of 100, so foodstuffs that provide even more nitrogen than whole eggs, can have a value of more than 100. 100, does not mean that 100% of the nitrogen in the food is incorporated into the body, and not excreted, as in other charts.) Whey protein concentrate: 104 Whole egg: 100 Cow milk: 91 Beef: 80 Casein: 77 Soy: 74 Wheat gluten: 64 By combining different foods it is possible to maximize the score, because the different components favor each other: 85 % rice and 15 % yeast: 118 55 % soy and 45 % rice: 111 55 % potatoes and 45 % soy: 103 52 % beans and 48 % corn: 101 Criticism Since the method measures only the amount that is retained in the body critics have pointed out what they perceive as a weakness of the biological value methodology. Critics have pointed to research that indicates that because whey protein isolate is digested so quickly it may in fact enter the bloodstream and be converted into carbohydrates through a process called gluconeogenesis much more rapidly than was previously thought possible, so while amino acid concentrations increased with whey it was discovered that oxidation rates also increased and a steady-state metabolism, a process where there is no change in overall protein balance, is created. They claim that when the human body consumes whey protein it is absorbed so rapidly that most of it is sent to the liver for oxidation. Hence they believe the reason so much is retained is that it is used for energy production, not protein synthesis. This would bring into question whether the method defines which proteins are more biologically utilizable. A further critique published in the Journal of Sports Science and Medicine states that the BV of a protein does not take into consideration several key factors that influence the digestion and interaction of protein with other foods before absorption, and that it only measures a protein's maximal potential quality and not its estimate at requirement levels. Also, the study by Poullain et al., which is often cited to demonstrate the superiority of whey protein hydrolysate by marketers, measured nitrogen balance in rats after three days of starvation, which corresponds to a longer period in humans. The study found that whey protein hydrolysate led to better nitrogen retention and growth than the other proteins studied. However the study's flaw is in the BV method used, as starvation affects how well the body will store incoming protein (as does a very high caloric intake), leading to falsely elevated BV measures. So, the BV of a protein is related to the amount of protein given. BV is measured at levels below the maintenance level. This means that as protein intake goes up, the BV of that protein goes down. For example, milk protein shows a BV near 100 at intakes of 0.2 g/kg. As protein intake increases to roughly maintenance levels, 0.5 g/kg, BV drops to around 70. Pellet et al., concluded that "biological measures of protein quality conducted at suboptimal levels in either experimental animals or human subjects may overestimate protein value at maintenance levels." As a result, while BV may be important for rating proteins where intake is below requirements, it has little bearing on individuals with protein intakes far above requirements. This flaw is supported by the FAO/WHO/UNU, who state that BV and NPU are measured when the protein content of the diet is clearly below that of requirement, deliberately done to maximize existing differences in quality as inadequate energy intake lowers the efficiency of protein utilization and in most N balance studies, calorie adequacy is ensured. And because no population derives all of its protein exclusively from a single food, the determination of BV of a single protein is of limited use for application to human protein requirements. Another limitation of the use of Biological Value as a measure of protein quality is that proteins which are completely devoid of one essential amino acid (EAA) can still have a BV of up to 40. This is because of the ability of organisms to conserve and recycle EAAs as an adaptation of inadequate intake of the amino acid. Lastly, the use of rats for the determination of protein quality is not ideal. Rats differ from humans in requirements of essential amino acids. This has led to a general criticism that experiments on rats lead to an over-estimation of the BV of high-quality proteins to man because human requirements of essential amino acids are much lower than those for rats (as rats grow at a much faster rate than humans). Also, because of their fur, rats are assumed to have relatively high requirements of sulphur-containing amino acids (methionine and cysteine). As a result, the analytical method that is universally recognized by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), World Health Organization (WHO), the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), United Nations University (UNU) and the United States National Academy of Sciences when judging the quality of protein in the human is not PER or BV but the Protein Digestibility Corrected Amino Acid Score (PDCAAS), as it is viewed as accurately measuring the correct relative nutritional value of animal and vegetable sources of protein in the diet. See also Edible protein per unit area of land List of foods by protein content References Proteins Category:Nutrition

Johanna Johansson Johanna Monica Elisabeth Westerberg Johansson (born 24 November 1977) is a Swedish professional golfer. Westerberg was born in Linköping, Sweden. She resides in Södertälje, Sweden. Westerberg turned professional in 2000 and has been a member of the Ladies European Tour since 2002. She played under her maiden name, Johanna Westerberg, until she got married in 2004. She competed as Johanna Waldh until her divorce in 2006. She is now married to tennis professional Joachim Johansson and they have one child. She won her first tournament, Ladies Open of Portugal, in 2009. Professional wins (1) Ladies European Tour (1) 2009 Ladies Open of Portugal References External links Category:Swedish female golfers Category:Ladies European Tour golfers Category:People from Linköping Category:People from Södertälje Category:1977 births Category:Living people

XHPPLY-FM XHPPLY-FM is a radio station on 96.1 FM in Playa del Carmen, Quintana Roo. It is owned by Carlos de Jesús Aguirre Gómez and carries the Los 40 pop format from Televisa Radio. History XHPPLY was awarded in the IFT-4 radio auction of 2017 on a rebound after the initial winning bidder, Tecnoradio, failed to pay for dozens of stations they had bought across the country, including their 55.7 million peso bid for this frequency. The winning bid by a consortium of Carlos de Jesús Aguirre Gómez and CJAguirre Nacional, S.A.P.I. de C.V., was 11.5 million pesos. References External links Category:Radio stations in Quintana Roo Category:Radio stations established in 2018 Category:2018 establishments in Mexico

Ferry Pilot (1942 film) Ferry Pilot is a film produced in 1942 by Stuart Legg and Ross McLean for the National Film Board of Canada series The World in Action, in cooperation with the United Kingdom Ministry of Information and the Crown Film Unit. The film has an unaccredited narration by broadcaster Lorne Greene. Synopsis During the Second World War, the importance of Allied strategic bombing of military targets meant that heavy bombers had to be available. The Air Transport Auxiliary (ATA) was a British wartime civilian organization, headquartered at White Waltham Airfield, Berkshire, England that ferried new, repaired and damaged military aircraft between factories, assembly plants, transatlantic delivery points, Maintenance Units (MUs), scrap yards to active service squadrons and airfields. The Royal Air Force (RAF) also created a special unit, the RAF Ferry Command, to meet the needs of delivering aircraft from aircraft factories in North America to RAF operational squadrons in a timely manner. Across the Atlantic, aircraft factories in Canada, acting as shadow factories for the British war effort, also relied on ferry pilots to deliver aircraft over the long transatlantic route to the United Kingdom. Along with RAF personnel, former bush pilots and commercial aviators formed the basis of the pool of ferry pilots that flew from Canada. Ferry missions as regular as five times a month, set out from bases such as Dorval Airport in Montreal and Gander Airport, Gander, Newfoundland as part of the "air bridge" to Europe. Cast Franklin Delano Roosevelt Production Typical of the NFB's wartime series of documentary short films, Ferry Pilot relied heavily on stock footage, including "enemy footage". The narrator in Now — The Peace was Lorne Greene, known for his work on both radio broadcasts as a news announcer at CBC as well as narrating many of the earlier Canada Carries On series. His sonorous recitation led to his nickname, "The Voice of Canada", and when reading grim battle statistics, "The Voice of Doom". Reception Ferry Pilot as part of the NFB's The World in Action newsreel series, was produced for both the military and the theatrical market. Each film was shown over a six-month period as part of the shorts or newsreel segments in approximately 800 theatres across Canada. The NFB also had an arrangement with United Artists to ensure that newsreels would get a wider release in North America. After the six-month theatrical tour ended, individual films were made available on 16 mm, to schools, libraries, churches and factories, extending the life of these films for another year or two. They were also made available to film libraries operated by university and provincial authorities. Available from the National Film Board either online or as a DVD. Historian Malek Khouri analyzed the role of the NFB wartime documentaries with Ferry Pilot characterized as a propaganda film. "During the early years of the NFB, its creative output was largely informed by the turbulent political and social climate the world was facing. World War II, Communism, unemployment, the role of labour unions, and working conditions were all subjects featured by the NFB during the period from 1939 to 1946". References Notes Citations Bibliography Bennett, Linda Greene. My Father's Voice: The Biography of Lorne Greene. Bloomington, Indiana: iUniverse, Inc., 2004. . Ellis, Jack C. and Betsy A. McLane. New History of Documentary Film. London: Continuum International Publishing Group, 2005. . Khouri, Malek. Filming Politics: Communism and the Portrayal of the Working Class at the National Film Board of Canada, 1939-46. Calgary, Alberta, Canada: University of Calgary Press, 2007. . External links Ferry Pilot Category:Black-and-white documentary films Category:1940s documentary films Category:Canadian short films Category:English-language films Category:National Film Board of Canada documentaries Category:Canadian short documentary films Category:1942 films Category:Documentary films about military aviation Category:Crown Film Unit films Category:Films produced by Stuart Legg Category:The World in Action Category:Quebec films Category:National Film Board of Canada short films Category:British short films Category:British World War II propaganda films Category:Canadian films

Fort William Mountain Festival The Fort William Mountain Festival is an annual festival of mountain culture held in Fort William, Scotland. References External links Official website Category:Climbing in Scotland Category:Film festivals in Scotland Category:Mountaineering festivals Category:Fort William, Highland Category:Sports festivals in Scotland

Janov nad Nisou Janov nad Nisou, until 1947 Honsberk () is a village and municipality in Jablonec nad Nisou District in the Liberec Region of the Czech Republic. Category:Villages in Jablonec nad Nisou District

Clara of Saxe-Lauenburg Clara of Saxe-Lauenburg (December 13, 1518–March 27, 1576) was a Princess of Saxe-Lauenburg and Duchess of Brunswick-Gifhorn by marriage. Life Clara was born on December 13, 1518 in Lauenburg upon Elbe, a daughter of Duke Magnus I of Saxe-Lauenburg (1470–1543) and his wife Catherine (1488–1563), daughter of Duke Henry I of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel. She married Duke Francis of Brunswick-Gifhorn (1508–1549) on 29 September 1547 in the Saxe-Lauenburgian castle at Neuhaus in Darzing. The couple were greatly loved by their subjects even if their short marriage of convenience was unlucky. Clara, who was very benevolent and went into medicine, used to prepared an herbal beer (Kräuterbier) for the poor and sick, which was produced long after her death. Following the untimely death of her husband, Clara lived at the dower pledged to her as a life annuity in Fallersleben, where she finished building her castle in 1551 and presided over a boom in the local economy. Later she went to the court of her daughter in Barth, where she died on March 27, 1576. Clara was interred in St. Mary's Church there. Her tomb in the castle chapel in Gifhorn is empty. Descendants Clara had two daughters from her marriage: Catherine (1548–1565) ∞ 1564 Burgrave Henry VI of Meißen (1536–1572) Clara (1550–1598) ∞ 1. 1565 Prince Bernhard VII of Anhalt (1540–1570) ∞ 2. 1572 Duke Bogislaw XIII of Pomerania (1544–1606) Ancestry References Sources Johann H. Steffens: Johann Henry Steffens Auszug aus der Geschichte des Gesammthauses Brunswick-Lüneburg, Bartsch, 1785, S. 381 External links Clara of Saxe-Lauenburg-Ratzeburg The Reformation in Lauenburg Land under Francis I of Saxe-Lauenburg Category:1518 births Category:1576 deaths Category:People from Lauenburg (Elbe) Category:House of Ascania Category:Duchesses of Brunswick-Lüneburg Category:Duchesses of Saxe-Lauenburg Category:Converts to Lutheranism from Roman Catholicism Category:Middle House of Lüneburg

87th meridian 87th meridian may refer to: 87th meridian east, a line of longitude east of the Greenwich Meridian 87th meridian west, a line of longitude west of the Greenwich Meridian

Syukuran Aminuddin Amir Airport Syukuran Aminuddin Amir Airport () , is an airport near Luwuk, the capital city of Banggai Regency, in the province of Central Sulawesi on the island of Sulawesi in Indonesia. Facilities The airport resides at an elevation of above mean sea level. It has one runway designated 04/22 with an asphalt surface measuring . Airlines and destinations Airlines currently serving this airport : References Category:Airports in Indonesia Category:Airports in Central Sulawesi

Nettleton School District (Mississippi) The Nettleton School District is a public school district based in Nettleton, Mississippi (USA). The district serves northwestern Monroe and southeastern Lee counties. Schools Nettleton High School Nettleton Middle School Nettleton Primary School Demographics 2006-07 school year There were a total of 1,359 students enrolled in the Nettleton School District during the 2006-2007 school year. The gender makeup of the district was 50% female and 50% male. The racial makeup of the district was 27.74% African American, 71.52% White, 0.66% Hispanic, and 0.07% Asian. 52.0% of the district's students were eligible to receive free lunch. Previous school years Accountability statistics Racially segregated election policy On August 26, 2010, The Smoking Gun posted a memo which Nettleton Middle School had distributed to all students in grades 6-8. The memo described the rules for the student government election, including specifications that only students of particular races be elected to particular posts. Of the twelve posts, 8 were reserved for white students. The highest posts, the president for each grade level, were all reserved for whites. Some parents complained about this policy. At around the same time, school superintendent Russell Taylor issued a statement saying that the policy was being reviewed. As a firestorm of news coverage developed in the next day, the school board voted in an emergency meeting on August 27, 2010 to reverse the policy. The district's press release stated that the policy had existed for over 30 years, and was intended to "ensure minority representation and involvement in the student body." See also List of school districts in Mississippi References External links Nettleton School District Nettleton Schools Community Needs Survey Category:Racism in the United States Category:Education in Lee County, Mississippi Category:Education in Monroe County, Mississippi Category:School districts in Mississippi

2018–19 Welsh Premier League (women) The 2018–19 Welsh Premier League was the tenth season of the Women's Welsh Premier League, the top level women's football league in Wales. The season began on 2 September 2018 and ended on 28 April 2019. Cardiff Metropolitan Ladies completed the domestic treble after winning the league title, the FAW Women's Cup and the Welsh Premier Women's Cup. This was their sixth league title and an unbeaten season, winning 14 and drawing 2 of their 16 games. It was their second consecutive league title. It was also the third time they had won the FAW Women's Cup and the third time they had won the Welsh Premier Women's Cup. Madison Schupbach of Cardiff Metropolitan won both the Golden Boot after scoring 18 goals and Player of the Season in her first year in the league. Young Player of the Season was awarded to Shaunna Jenkins of Swansea City. Clubs After finishing in the bottom two in the 2017–18 season, Caernarfon Town ended up remaining in the top division after the North Wales Women's League winners Northop Hall did not apply for promotion. However, in November Caernarfon Town withdrew from the league with immediate effect and their results up until that point were expunged. The league continued with nine teams competing. After relegation in the 2016–17 season, Briton Ferry Llansawel made an immediate return to the top flight for the 2018–19 season. Standings Awards Annual awards League Cup This was the sixth season of the WPWL Cup. The previous season's winners Cyncoed Ladies were drawn first out of the hat, meaning they were one of four teams who would play in the first round, as the rest of the teams received a bye into the quarter finals. However, they made it no further than the quarter finals as they were knocked out by eventual winners Cardiff Metropolitan. Cardiff Metropolitan beat Swansea City 3–1 in the final. Round One Quarter Finals Semi Finals Final References External links Category:Welsh Premier Women's Football League

Jennifer G. Murphy Jennifer G. Murphy is a Canadian environmental chemist and an Associate Professor at the University of Toronto. She is known for her research how air pollutants such as increased reactive nitrogen affect the global climate. She believes that even though environmental science is a challenging subject, it is still important and applicable to society. Early life and education In 2000, she graduated with honors at McGill University and earned her Bachelor of Science in Chemistry with a minor in Environmental Science. She then, worked to get her Ph.D. in Physical Chemistry at the University of California Berkeley from 2000 to 2005. Later on that year, she went to the University of East Anglia to get her post doctorate, finishing in 2006. Career and research Murphy is a professor at the University of Toronto under the Department of Chemistry. Since starting as a faculty member in 2007, her research has focused on understanding the effects of atmospheric pollutants on air quality and the Earth's climate. Her work entails development and application of new analytical techniques for use in measurement of trace components of the atmosphere. This includes measurements made as both part of short-duration field intensives and longer-term monitoring efforts. Through the development and usage of long-term, precise and accurate observations with adequate geographic coverage and spatial resolution, Murphy and her group work to improve the process-level representation of chemical systems and biosphere-atmosphere exchange in earth systems models. From 2007-2016, she held a title as Tier II Canada Research Chair. Then, from 2015-2018, she was the Associate Chair of Graduate Studies. She is one of the members on the Board of Trustees with the Royal Canadian Institute for Science. This prestigious organization strives to educate the Canadian public through innovative and engaging ways of teaching science. She is currently a member of the Scientific Steering Community (SSC) of the International Global Atmospheric Chemistry organization (IGAC). Awards and honors 2019 Earned the Ascent Award in the field of Atmospheric Sciences from the American Geophysical Union (AGU) Publications Murphy specializes her research in Atmospheric Chemistry, Biogeochemistry and Analytical Chemistry. Within these, she focuses on measuring reactive nitrogen compounds from the field, in order to assess her understanding of the rates and mechanisms of chemical transformations in the environment. Advanced analytical techniques are required to interpret air quality, climate change, acid precipitation and ecosystem function. Some of her most recent and well-known works are listed below: Dimethyl Sulfide in the Summertime Arctic atmosphere: Measurements and Source Sensitivity Simulations, (2016), Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics An Atmospheric Constraint on the NO2 Dependence of Daytime Near-Surface Nitrous Acid (HONO), (2015), Atmospheric Chemical Society Experimental and Theoretical Understanding of the Gas Phase Oxidation of Atmospheric Amides with OH Radicals: Kinetics, Products, and Mechanisms, (2014), American Chemical Society Improved Characterization of Gas–Particle Partitioning for Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in the Atmosphere Using Annular Diffusion Denuder Samplers, (2012), American Chemical Society Long term changes in nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds in Toronto and the challenges facing local ozone control, (2009), Elsevier Ltd. References Category:Canadian chemists Category:McGill University alumni Category:University of California, Berkeley alumni Category:Living people Category:Year of birth missing (living people)

Fast of Nineveh Fast of Nineveh ( , literally "Petition of the Ninevites"), is a three-day fast starting the third Monday before Clean Monday from Sunday Midnight to Wednesday noon during which participants abstain from all kinds of dairy foods and meat products. However, some parishioners abstain from food and drink altogether from Sunday midnight to Wednesday after Holy Qurbono, which is celebrated before noon. The three day fast of Nineveh commemorates the three days that Prophet Jonah spent inside the belly of the Great Fish and the subsequent fast and repentance of the Ninevites at the warning message of the prophet Jonah according to the bible. (Book of Jonah in the Bible). Marutha of Tikrit is known to have imposed the Fast of Nineveh, and served as Maphrian of the Syriac Orthodox Church until his death on 2 May 649. History Jonah appears in 2 Kings aka 4 Kings and is therefore thought to have been active around 786–746 BC. A possible scenario which facilitated the acceptance of Jonah's preaching to the Ninevites is that the reign of Ashur-dan III saw a plague break out in 765 BC, revolt from 763-759 BC and another plague at the end of the revolt. These documented events suggest that Jonah's words were given credibility and adhered to, with everyone allegedly cutting off from food and drinks, including animals and children. As the patriarch Joseph () had been deposed, Ezekiel () had been selected to replace him, much to the joy of the king Khusrow Anushirwan who loved him and held him in high esteem. A mighty plague devastated Mesopotamia with the Sassanian authorities unable to curb its spread and the dead littered the streets, in particular the imperial capital Seleucia-Ctesiphon () The metropolitans of Adiabene ( "Ḥdāyaḇ", encompassing Arbil, Nineveh, Hakkari and Adhorbayjan) and Beth Garmai ( "Bēṯ Garmai", encompassing Kirkuk and the surrounding region) called for services of prayer, fasting and penitence to be held in all the churches under their jurisdiction, as was believed to have been done by the Ninevites following the preaching of the prophet Jonah. Following its success, the tradition has been strictly adhered to every year by the members of the Church of the East. Patriarchs of the Church of the East and Chaldean Catholic Church also called for extra fasts in an effort to alleviate the suffering and affliction of those persecuted by ISIS in the region of Nineveh and the rest of the Middle East. References Category:Christian fasting Category:Holidays based on the date of Easter Category:Oriental Orthodoxy Category:January observances Category:February observances

Landeskrone (disambiguation) Landeskrone may refer to: Landeskrone, a hill near Görlitz, Saxony, Germany Landeskrone Pit, a mine in Siegen-Wittgenstein, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany Landeskrone, hilltop in Radebeul, Saxony, Germany See also: Landeskron Castle, ruined castle site above the Bavarian city of Regensburg Landskron Landskrona, town in Sweden Landskrone (disambiguation)

Abhijith Abhijith () (born 30 July 1963) is an Indian actor, singer, producer and director working in Kannada films. Starting his career as an actor in the late 1980s, he went on to act in many films through the 1990s and 2000s. He mainly played lead roles and villains in the 1990s and some supporting roles as well. Career Abhijith started his career in the late 1980s playing small roles in feature films. It was the 1990 release, College Hero, that made him a successful villain of the Kannada film industry. He played villains even after being a successful hero in films such as Muddina Maava, One Man Army, and Vairi. Abhijith has acted in more than 125 films in the Kannada film industry. As director Abhijith's first directorial venture, Jodi No. 1, was a suspense and action movie, and the second one was Vishnu which had led to controversy with the title. As producer Abhijith has produced films under the banner Shree Balaji Creations. Playback singer Television Abhijith is the host of the popular show Aksharamale, which aired on Udaya TV. Aksharamaale () is a Kannada-language, singing talent show running for more than 15 years on Udaya TV. Abhijith has been the host of the show since 1997 with co-host and singer Sangeetha Ravishankar and Anuradha Bhat. Awards 1996 - Bharath Udyog Samastha Award for Best Actor Of The Year 2010 - Abhinava Chathura Selected filmography TV Shows Sources Vishnuvardhan & Abhijith Abhijith's Vishnu Title Rejected Abhijith Injured to head in VISHNU movie climax 2 Abhijith Filmogfraphy OneIndia ಅಭಿಜಿತ್ ಓರ್ವ ಪ್ರತಿಭಾವಂತ ನಟ Abhijith Fan Club 3 Abhijith Turns Director Abhijith's Youtube Channel Aksharamaale Programme Category:Male actors in Kannada cinema Category:Kannada film producers Category:Male actors from Bangalore Category:1963 births Category:Living people Category:People from Chitradurga Category:Film producers from Bangalore Category:Indian male film actors Category:20th-century Indian male actors Category:21st-century Indian male actors

American Association (20th century) Rookie of the Year Award The American Association Rookie of the Year Award was an annual award given to the best rookie player in Minor League Baseball's American Association. In 1946, Jerry Witte of the Toledo Mud Hens won the first American Association Rookie of the Year Award. In 1997, Magglio Ordóñez of the Nashville Sounds won the final American Association Rookie of the Year Award. First basemen and shortstops, with 6 winners each, won the most among infielders, followed by second baseman and third basemen (5). Four catchers also won the award. Eighteen outfielders won the Rookie of the Year Award, the most of any position. Two pitchers won the Rookie of the Year Award. Seven players each from the Denver Bears/Zephyrs and Indianapolis Indians have been selected for the Rookie of the Year Award, more than any other teams in the league, followed by the Milwaukee Brewers, Omaha Royals, Tulsa Oilers, and Wichita Braves/Aeros (3); the Iowa Cubs, Kansas City Blues, Louisville Redbirds, Nashville Sounds, Oklahoma City 89ers, Springfield Redbirds, and St. Paul Saints (2); and the Buffalo Bisons, Louisville Colonels, Minneapolis Millers, Omaha Cardinals, Omaha Dodgers, and Toledo Mud Hens (1). Eight players from the St. Louis Cardinals Major League Baseball (MLB) organization won the Rookie of the Year Award, more than any other, followed by the Chicago White Sox and Cincinnati Reds organizations (5); the Boston/Milwaukee Braves organization (4); the Brooklyn/Los Angeles Dodgers, Cleveland Indians, Kansas City Royals, Montreal Expos, and New York Yankees organizations (3); the Chicago Cubs, St. Louis Browns/Baltimore Orioles, and Texas Rangers organizations (2); and the Boston Red Sox, Milwaukee Brewers, and Pittsburgh Pirates organizations (1). Key Winners References Sepcific General Category:American Association (20th century) Category:Minor league baseball awards Category:Rookie player awards Category:Awards established in 1946 Category:1946 establishments in the United States Category:1997 disestablishments in the United States

2015–16 Kazakhstan Hockey Championship The 2015–16 Kazakhstan Hockey Championship was the 24rd season since the founding of the Kazakhstan Hockey Championship. Teams Regular season Standings |} GP = Games Played, W = Wins, OTW = Overtime win, SOW = Shootout win, OTL = Overtime loss, SOL = Shootout loss, L = Loss Color code: Play-off Quarterfinals Arlan Kokshetau vs. HC Astana Beibarys Atyrau vs. Gornyak Rudny Kulager Petropavl vs. HC Temirtau Nomad Astana vs. Yertis Pavlodar Semi-finals Arlan Kokshetau vs. Yertis Pavlodar Beibarys Atyrau vs. Kulager Petropavl Final Arlan Kokshetau vs. Beibarys Atyrau References External links Kazakhstan Ice Hockey Federation English language forum for the Kazakhstan Hockey Championship Category:Kazakhstan Hockey Championship seasons Kazakhstan Hockey Championship 1

Elena Moskaleva Elena Moskaleva (born 12 November 1957 in Krasnoarmeysk, Moscow Oblast) is a Russian visual artist specialising in optical illusions. Biography Elena Moskaleva has studied art from early childhood: first in an art school in her hometown, and later in Moscow Academic College of Fine Art as a pupil of Matilda Bulgakova. After graduating in 1978 Elena began her work as a painter. Elena is a member of the Moscow Artist Union from 1998 and International Federation of Artists (IFA) UNESCO. She is a regular participant of major exhibitions in Moscow and her paintings were featured on exhibitions worldwide, most notably in Davos in the 1990. Work Elena Moskaleva is one of the rare Russian artists working in the genre of optical illusion. Her paintings have been featured in a number of notable albums dedicated to optical illusions in fine art, along with such artists as Octavio Ocampo (Mexico), Michael Cheval (USA), Oleg Shuplyak (Ukraine) Rafal Olbinski (Poland), Liu Bolin (China), István Orosz (Hungary). Most optical illusions are weaved into classical fine art genres such as landscapes. Critics have noted that these double images are well-hidden: "She loves producing lovely artworks that come in pastel colors. Let’s see if your eyes are sharp enough to spot the hidden portraits in this painting." The paintings are also cleverly detailed: "Elena is the kind of artist who can play well with details. This is definitely not just a simple landscape painting." Gabriel Todica notes that Elena Moskaleva draws inspiration from nature and constructs "a surreal, warm and idyllic imagery". Elena Moskaleva's works are featured in several museums as well as in private collections of Brian Eno, Amjad Ali Khan, Eduard Sagalaev, Ted Hartley and Dina Merrill. Some paintings gallery Literature Exhibition "Country Native" Publisher: M .: "Soviet Artist", 1978. 208 pp. "Youth of the country". Exhibition of the Moscow Union of Artists. "Manezh", Moscow. 1982 "Women-artists of Moscow: The Way in Art". Editor: M. Esmont. Publishing house: Moscow "Decorative art" 2005. Kalinin Anatoly. "The Vision of Mystery." Mysterious paintings in the past and present. (Encyclopaedia of optical illusions) Moscow, "Kuchkovo Field", 2011 "Optische Illusionen". Brad Honeycutt, Terry Stickels, Foreword by Scott Kim. Bassermann, Germany 2012. "Infinitely unequal world." Moscow. “Science and Religion” Magazine No.3 2015. (The cover of the magazine, a gallery of paintings and an article about the artist). The Art of Deception: Illusions to Challenge the Eye and the Mind. by Brad Honeycutt Publisher: “Imagine” (USA) 2014. . Koten kara saishinsaku made hyakukyuitten (Japanese) by Rei Kitagawa. Publisher: Osaka: Sogensha, 2015. Gabriel Todica & Gina-Maria Todica, "Duoscopic vision painters". "Lidana" Publisher, (Romanian Edition), Suceava. Romania, 2015. Gabriel Todica & Gina-Maria Todica, "Duoscopic vision painters", English on-line edition (URL: http://en.calameo.com/read/001926384559dfb5a8b04) Romania, 2017. Gabriel Todica & Gina-Maria Todica, "Duoscopic art. The universal interferences". By Gabriel Todica. Suceava. "Lidana" Publisher. Romania, 2017. References External links "Autumn. Double Portrait." on YouTube Elena Moskaleva on Mighty Optical Illusions "Deviant Art - Elena Moskaleva" Category:1957 births Category:Living people Category:21st-century Russian painters Category:Fantastic art Category:Fantastic realism

Machita incident The Machita incident occurred in southern Arizona between October 1940 and May 1941 when an elderly O'odham chief and medicine man, Pia Machita (), resisted arrest by the Bureau of Indian Affairs for inciting his people to dodge the draft. It has since been called the "most dramatic of Indian resistance" to the United States during the World War II-era. Background Pia Machita (, meaning He Has no Metate), was born around 1860 and was eighty to eighty-four years old when the trouble began. He lived with his small band of about thirty people in the northwestern area of the Hickiwan District, at an isolated village called Stoa Pitk. Machita identified as a Mexican citizen. He openly said that he did not recognize the Gadsden Purchase of 1853, by which the United States took "control" of O'odham land, and therefore he did not recognize the authority of the Indian Bureau or of the O'odham tribal government. The Tohono O'odham tribe of southern Arizona was one of the last to begin assimilation. In the 1930s, they conducted non-violent resistance to the Indian Bureau's construction of wells on the Papago Reservation, and were concerned about the loss of land. Leaders such as Machita feared that using the wells would make their people dependent on them; they preferred the traditional methods of collecting and storing rain and spring water. In a 1934 meeting to discuss the Indian Reorganization Act with T.B. Hall, the superintendent of the Sells Indian agency, Machita said that "his people owed allegiance to Mexico." After the interview, Machita stopped cooperating with the Indian Bureau in regards to land conservation, the inoculation of cattle, and the taking of the 1940 census. Following the signing of the Selective Training and Service Act in 1940 by President Franklin D. Roosevelt, Indian agents tried to draft Indian men into the armed forces. Machita considered enrollment in the draft to be another means for the United States government to take away his people's freedom, so he encouraged the young men to refuse to register. According to author Brad Melton, the majority of Machita's band was illiterate and therefore ineligible for the draft, but the chief was unaware of this in his resistance. By 1942, however, nearly 99 percent of eligible Native American men in Arizona had registered for the draft, and they enlisted at a high rate. Incident On October 13, 1940, Indian agents arrived at Stoa Pitk to enlist 30 men for the draft, but the natives refused to comply. In response, the tribal chief of police and a force of United States Marshals under the command of Ben McKinney launched a raid against Stoa Pitk to arrest Machita. The raid began at 2:00 AM on October 16, 1940. Entering with guns drawn and tear gas grenades at the ready, the raiders captured Machita without a shot fired. However, while they were on their way out, the O'odham villagers confronted the raiders and released their chief, severely beating one of the marshals in the process. When the scuffle was over, the police retreated to Tucson and Machita fled into the desert with 25 followers. The Bureau of Indian Affairs tried to move quickly to suppress the "draft rebels," because they feared that the resistance to the draft would spread to other reservations. But, for the next seven months the old chief remained on the run, evading both the police and the military. Machita and his band could have easily crossed the border into Sonora, Mexico, but all accounts suggest that they were within Arizona the entire time. O'odham oral tradition says that aircraft from the United States Army bombed their villages; however, the "bombs" were sacks of flour dropped to mark the villages, which blended in so well with the surrounding desert. Machita and his band were finally apprehended without incident at Stoa Pitk on May 21, 1941. Machita was sentenced to serve eighteen months at the Terminal Island Federal Prison, but a tribal chairman named Peter Blaine managed to persuade Machita's judge to let him go early. The following appeared in a 1941 newspaper editorial: See also Native Americans and World War II References Category:1940 in Arizona Category:1941 in Arizona Category:Conflicts in 1940 Category:Conflicts in 1941 Category:History of Pima County, Arizona Category:Military history of the United States during World War II Category:Tohono O'odham Category:Combat incidents Category:Native American history of Arizona

South Ferry, Brooklyn South Ferry was a ferry landing on the Brooklyn side of the East River, at the foot of Atlantic Avenue below the Brooklyn Heights neighborhood. It is now Piers 5 and 6 in Brooklyn Bridge Park. History The name "South Ferry" does not derive from serving the southern tip of Manhattan and what was then known as "South Brooklyn", it was the name of one of the ferries between what were then the separate cities of New York and Brooklyn. The "Old Ferry", which later was renamed the "Fulton Ferry", crossed between Manhattan and Brooklyn from streets that in each city would eventually be renamed "Fulton Street". The "New Ferry" crossed further east, between Catherine Street in Manhattan, and Main Street in Brooklyn. As the City of Brooklyn grew, the area south of Atlantic Avenue (known as "South Brooklyn") began to become built-up, but lacked easy access to the ferry terminals in the northern parts of the city of Brooklyn. Thus, the South Ferry Company established the South Ferry on May 16, 1836 to connect Lower Manhattan to the foot of Atlantic Avenue in Brooklyn and the month-old Brooklyn and Jamaica Railroad – later the Atlantic Avenue Railroad's streetcar line, and later still part of the Long Island Rail Road, now called the Atlantic Branch – through the Cobble Hill Tunnel. "South Ferry" is still the name of the area of lower Manhattan where the ferry's landing was, and was also the name of the Brooklyn landing and ferry house, although the name is no longer in use. The Fulton Ferry Company, which then operated only the Fulton Ferry, merged with the South Ferry Company in 1839 to form the New York and Brooklyn Union Ferry Company. In the 20th and early 21st centuries, the site served cargo as Brooklyn Piers 5 and 6, which are now part of Brooklyn Bridge Park. See also Battery Maritime Building South Ferry (Manhattan) List of ferries across the East River References Category:Transportation in Brooklyn Category:Piers in New York City

1965 World Figure Skating Championships The 1965 World Figure Skating Championships were held in Colorado Springs, Colorado, USA from March 2 to 7. At the event, sanctioned by the International Skating Union, medals were awarded in men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dance. Results Men Judges: Edwin Kucharz William E. Lewis Zdeněk Fikar N. Valdes Eugen Romminger Ferenc Kertész Sonia Bianchetti Yvonne S. McGowan Sergei Vasiliev Ladies Judges: Martin Felsenreich Ralph S. McCreath Emil Skákala Jeanine Donnier-Blanc Carla Listing Pamela Davis Haruo Konno Jane Sullivan Tatiana Tolmacheva Pairs Judges: Walter Malek Ralph S. McCreath Erika Schiechtl Carla Listing Ercole Cattaneo Pamela Davis René Schlageter H. Janes Tatiana Tolmacheva Ice dance Judges: Walter Malek Dorothy Leamen Emil Skákala Lysiane Lauret Ferenc Kertész Robert S. Hudson M. Ridgely Sources Result list provided by the ISU Category:World Figure Skating Championships World Figure Skating Championships Category:Sports competitions in Colorado Springs, Colorado Category:International figure skating competitions hosted by the United States Category:1965 in American sports World Figure Skating Championships Category:March 1965 sports events Category:1960s in Colorado Springs

Jorai Jorai is a suburb of Cooch Behar, West Bengal. (Elevation: 53 m above sea level, Zone: NFR/Northeast Frontier) Jorai (jo'-ra-i) is of Hebrew origin and has many possible meanings. It could mean "whom Jehovah teaches," or the name of a Gadite chief (dwelling at Gilead in Bashan, in the reign of Jothan king of Judah), or possibly the name of a clan (1 Ch 5:13). However, in this case, the name is derived from a rivulet called Jorai Nodi - a tributary of the River Sankosh . The small suburb is famous for its marathon football league and Raas-mela (fair based on Radha-Krishna's life). Jorai also features a railway station by the same name (there are three railway stations, Kamakhyaguri KAMG, Jorai JOQ and Srirampur SRPB, which belong to three separate districts, Alipurduar, Coochbehar (both in West Bengal) and Kokrajhar (in Assam), respectively). Major localities Jorai Bazaar, Aastami Ghat অষ্টমী ঘাট, Jorai High School (H.S.), Jorai Railway Station, Naothowa নাওথোয়া, Paschim Rampur পশ্চিম রামপুর, Dakshin Rampur দক্ষিন রামপুর, Aashor Para আসরপাড়া, Wilson Road, Uttar Rampur উত্তর রামপুর, Madhya Rampur মধ্যরামপুর, Najirandeutikhata নাজিরান দেউতিখাতা, and Chhat Valka ছাটভল্কা. Occupations Most of the people rely on agriculture. Businesses such as timber, fishing, retail clothing, and shops are also common here. Assam-Bengal Commercial/Sales Tax office used to provide a large number of jobs. But post GST regime, Jorai and it's neighbour Barobisha have witnessed massive unemployement due to the unification in taxes and abolishing of State sales Tax gate, which would otherwise serve many people a source of income. Computer learning centers and railways provide other job opportunities. Jorai's connectivity with other parts has been hampered recently, after the North Bengal State Transport Corporation's bus terminus shifted from here to Alipurduar. Cultural activities Cultural activities started with the emergence of "Jatra" culture which was initially patronized by the late Sukumar Ghosh সুকুমার ঘোষ, the founder of Jorai Madan-mohan Bari মদনমোহন বাড়ী (the place for community worship and fare). Aashor para drama club (এনাদের "সব পেয়েছির আসর" একসময় বেশ বিখ্যাত ছিল), Pragati Sangha, Danpiter ashor ডানপিটের আসর, Kishore Sangha, North Bengal State Transport employees (এনাদের বিশ্বকর্মা পুজো একসময় বেশ বিখ্যাত ছিল) and Jorai Railways employees geared up the cultural activities further in the 1980s and 1990s. Sports The marathon football league held every year witnesses a massive upsurge of spectators around its neighborhood area. However, with the advent of cricket in the 1990s, the football craze has been reduced considerably. Other Jorai towns and some important facts There is a town named Jorai in the North West Frontier Province, Pakistan (latitude: 34.87324 and longitude: 72.88318). There is a town named Jorai in Madhya Pradesh, India (latitude: 25.42779 and longitude: 77.74414). Boirali maach (বৈরালী মাছ): The rare fishes of Himalyan foothills - Danio rerio, Danio dangila and Barilius Barila are available in Raidak, Jorai and Sankosh river. Boirali fish derives its nutrition from microscopic Dufnia, Cyclop or from green algae Spirogyra or Volvox. These fishes are nowadays facing the crisis of extinction due to water pollution, excess use of pesticides and the frequent vibration caused by dynamite explosions in the hills.(Web page developed by Sudipto Ghosh) Category:Cities and towns in Cooch Behar district

Pavel Rovinski Pavel Apolonovič Rovinski (1831 , Russian Empire — 1916 Petrograd, Russian Empire) was Russian historian, Slavist, ethnologist and geographer. Elementary school, built in 1994 in Podgorica, Montenegro is named after him. There is a Society of Montenegrin-Russian Friendship () founded in Podgorica, Montenegro, on November 24, 2007. Selected works Obodska štamparija na Rijeci Crnojevića u Crnoj Gori i njen značaj na slovenskom jugu, Odbor za proslavu četiristogodišnjice Obodske štamparije, 1893 Crna Gora u svojoj prošlosti i sadašnjosti( Montenegro in its Past and Present), , Zapisi O Srbiji, 1868-1869: Iz Putnikovih Beležaka, References External links Text about Pavle Rovinski and his work about population of Slavic ancestry in Albania, written by Vukale Đerković Biography of Pavle Rovinski on web site of elementary school in Montenegr, named after him Category:1831 births Category:1916 deaths Category:Russian historians

VF-38 Fighter Squadron 38 or VF-38 was an aviation unit of the United States Navy. Originally established on 20 June 1943, it was disestablished on 31 January 1946. It was the only US Navy squadron to be designated as VF-38. Operational history VF-38 equipped with the F6F Hellcat supported the New Georgia Campaign deploying to Henderson Field on Guadalcanal in September 1943. While deployed in the Solomon Islands during 1943 VF-38 shot down 7 Japanese aircraft. See also History of the United States Navy List of inactive United States Navy aircraft squadrons List of United States Navy aircraft squadrons References Category:Strike fighter squadrons of the United States Navy

2011 A Lyga The 2011 A Lyga was the 22nd season of the A Lyga, the top-tier football league of Lithuania. The season began on 12 March 2011 and ended on 6 November 2011. Ekranas were the defending champions, having won their third consecutive title at the end of the 2010 season. Teams The league will see a change in the number of teams once again as twelve teams were granted a licence for 2011, one more than in the 2010 season. FK Vėtra were expelled over financial troubles after 16 matches of the 2010 season; their records were annulled and the team was subsequently disbanded. From the remaining ten clubs, Atletas Kaunas, who finished in last place at the end of the season, were the only team not to apply for a 2011 top-level licence. Atletas therefore played at the second level in 2011. Three new teams were admitted to the league, unbeaten 2010 I Lyga champions FBK Kaunas, seventh-placed team Atlantas Klaipėda and Dainava Alytus, a merger between I Lyga runners-up Alytis Alytus and third-placed city rivals Vidzgiris. FBK Kaunas and Atlantas made their return after two seasons in the lower divisions of the Lithuanian league system, while Dainava had their debut in the A Lyga, as neither of its predecessor clubs played at the Lithuanian top level in its history. League table Results Teams played each other three times, either twice at home and once away or vice versa, for a total of 33 matches per team. Matches 1–22 Matches 23–33 Top goalscorers Including matches played on 6 November 2011; Source: Lietuvos futbolo statistika References External links Official site Category:LFF Lyga seasons 1 Lith Lith

Superbird-B3 Superbird-B3, known as Superbird-8 before launch, and DSN-1 (Kirameki-1) for its military payload, is a geostationary communications satellite operated by SKY Perfect JSAT Group and designed and manufactured by Mitsubishi Electric on the DS2000 platform. It is intended to replace Superbird-B2 on the 162° East slot, offering Ku band and Ka band communication services to the Japanese market. It will also serve as one of the two planned X band military satellites of the DSN network, in this role, it will be known as DSN-1 (Kirameki-1). Originally intended to be launched by an Ariane 5 ECA in the second half of fiscal year 2015, a mishap during transport to the launch site on March 2016 meant that it would be delayed up to two years. History JSAT along NEC, NTT Com and Maeda Corporation formed a joint venture called DSN Corporation. On January 15, 2013, DSN Corporation announced that it had closed a contract with the Ministry of Defense to execute the "Program to Upgrade and Operate X-Band Satellite Communications Functions, etc". The contract is a private finance initiative, where private funds, management and technical capabilities are used to upgrade and operate the Japanese military X band satellite network. Based on this program, DSN Corporation will manufacture and launch two satellites plus perform the necessary upgrades to ground control stations. It will also operate, manage and maintain the facilities and equipment through fiscal years 2015 to 2030. The total program cost was estimated at ¥122,074,026,613. The plan called for the launch of the first satellite on December 2015, with a start of operations in March 2016 and a termination of operations in April 2030. The second satellite was expected to launch in January 2017, starting operations in March 2017. The program and the operations of the second satellite were expected by March 2031. JSAT role is the procurement and general management of the satellites. The first satellite, DSN-1, is actually an additional payload on one of JSAT's own satellites, Superbird-8. The second satellite, DSN-2 is a dedicated spacecraft. On April 25, 2014 JSAT announced that it had placed an order with MELCO and its satellite platform DS2000 for its Superbird-8 satellite. It would replace Superbird-B2 and be positioned on the 162° East orbital slot. On an earning revision, JSAT disclosed that they had confirmed container deformation after Superbird-8 arrived to its launch site. On July 2016, it was published that a May 25 mishap during air transport had delayed the satellite launch by an estimated two years. A dislodged tarpaulin had blocked the bleed valve on the satellite container and the spacecraft had suffer from over pressurization damage. See also DS2000 – The satellite bus on which Superbird-C2 is based. SKY PerfecTV! – Satellite TV division of the same owner corporation and major user of Superbird-C2. References Category:Spacecraft launched in 2018 Category:Ariane commercial payloads Category:Communications satellites in geostationary orbit Category:Satellites using the DS2000 bus Category:Communications satellites of Japan Category:2018 in Japan

Frank Lobman Frank "The Animal" Lobman (born November 18, 1955) is a Surinamese-Dutch former kickboxer. He was five times the European kickboxing champion and had an astonishing 90% knockout ratio. He beat many notable fighters over his career, such as British Champion Steve Taberner (The Wigan Hammer), Bas Rutten and Ken Shamrock and fought in organizations such as Pancrase P.K.A. and K-1. Biography Frank was a prominent kickboxer in 1980s to the early 1990s. He trained often in rotterdam-crooswijk at schuttersveld where his Brother Hedwig Lobman taught Kyokushin karate. Several kickboxing matches were given in the early eighties with Lucien Carbin. In 1991 he beat Bas Rutten for a European kickboxing title. He announced his retirement fight in 2002 at the age 49. His last fight was a 20-year rematch with Jan Oosterbaan in Ahoy-2H2H, but he lost the fight due to a decision. Frank was undefeated until his first fight with Peter Aerts. Titles 5 time European Kick Boxing champion I.K.B.F. European Heavyweight champion E.M.T.A. European Heavyweight champion Dutch Heavyweight champion Kickboxing record External links mixed martial arts record kickboxing achievements pancrase profile Aerts on Lobman Category:1955 births Category:Living people Category:Dutch male kickboxers Category:Surinamese male kickboxers Category:Heavyweight kickboxers Category:Dutch Muay Thai practitioners Category:Surinamese Muay Thai practitioners Category:Surinamese emigrants to the Netherlands Category:Sportspeople from Rotterdam Category:Sportspeople from Paramaribo

Llandough Platform railway station Llandough Platform was a short-lived railway station which served the village of Llandough in the Vale of Glamorgan. The station was at the head of the Llandough Sidings, which had a capacity of 978 wagons. The station closed in 1918, after a mere fourteen years. No trace remains of the station today. The Llandough Sidings no longer exist, and the site was wasteground by the late 1980s, with the location of Llandough Platform marked by a signpost. References Category:Disused railway stations in the Vale of Glamorgan Category:Railway stations opened in 1904 Category:Railway stations closed in 1918 Category:Former Taff Vale Railway stations

How Music Works How Music Works is a non-fiction book by David Byrne, a musician, writer, and public figure best known for his work with the group Talking Heads. He discusses the form and influence of music in a non-linear narrative fashion, using a variety of experiences from his career to create something part autobiography and part music theory. The book was published through McSweeney's on September 12, 2012, and was named as one of Amazon.com's "Best Books of the Month" in that same month. It has received mainly positive reviews. Contents The book, despite being non-fiction, has a highly non-linear structure with manual-like information, elements of Byrne's autobiography, and anthropological data on music theory all intermixed, each chapter able to stand alone. Byrne looks at the influence of music, even in such subtle forms as birdsongs, from a rational perspective that eschews romanticism. Overall, he writes that no music "is aimed exclusively at either the body or the head", with complex human beings interacting with it on different levels. He discusses his career with Talking Heads, detailing many points of background for their music. He describes how the lyrics to the 1980 song "Once in a Lifetime" drew inspiration from a recording of a preacher as well as how the oversize suits worn in their concert film Stop Making Sense drew inspiration from ancient Japanese theatre. Byrne avoids bringing back up the personality conflicts leading to the band's demise, and he instead goes through their history, album by album, to detail his views on performances versus recordings as well as the effects of money and fame. In particular, he spends a chapter on the CBGB nightclub and the underlying conditions that supported the development of new, avant-garde artists such as Patti Smith, the Ramones, Blondie, and others besides his own band. Byrne writes, In 2017, a revised edition of the book was reprinted on Three Rivers Press with an additional chapter on the digital curation of music. Reviews A supportive review ran in The Daily Telegraph, with Oliver Keens stating that "David Byrne deserves great praise". Keens referred to the book as "as accessible as pop yet able to posit deep and startlingly original thoughts and discoveries in almost every paragraph", and he added that "this book will make you hear music in a different way." He remarked as well that "Talking Heads fans will find much to savour" and that "Byrne shows not just how music works, but how music publishing should work too." The A.V. Club also published a positive review. Critic Jason Heller remarked that "joy—of singing and playing, of thinking and dancing, of listening and wondering—renders almost every page a song." In addition, he wrote, "Byrne’s knack for paradox and passion carries his erratic narrative." The Washington Post critic Tim Page commented, "This is a decidedly generous book—welcoming, informal, digressive, full of ideas and intelligence—and one has the pleasant sense that Byrne is speaking directly to the reader, sharing a few confidences he has picked up over the years." Stating that "Byrne has plenty of smart things to say about pop music", Page lauded the "ambitious" work. Kirkus Reviews praised the book as "a supremely intelligent, superbly written dissection of music as an art form and way of life." The magazine stated in addition that "anyone at all interested in music will learn a lot from this book." On the other hand, for The New York Times critic Dwight Garner, the book is "a roll of mental wallpaper, a textbook for a survey course you didn’t mean to sign up for. It drifts between music history, sonic anthropology, mild biographical asides, broad pop theory and grandfatherly financial and artistic advice. It’s all the things Mr. Byrne’s twitchy and alienated music with Talking Heads never was: genial, well-meaning, as forgettable as a real estate agent’s handshake." See also 2012 in literature Music theory Talking Heads References External links David Byrne on how music works - Wired for sound Category:2012 non-fiction books Category:Books about pop music Category:Books about rock music Category:Books by David Byrne Category:Music autobiographies Category:Music industry Category:Music theory Category:Talking Heads Category:McSweeney's books

Austrochaperina adamantina Austrochaperina adamantina is a species of frog in the family Microhylidae. It is endemic to New Guinea and occurs in the Torricelli and Bewani Mountains in the West Sepik Province, Papua New Guinea. The specific name adamantina is Latin for "like a diamond" and refers to Jared Diamond, credited as the collector of the holotype and "great many other valuable herpetological specimens from Papua New Guinea". Description Austrochaperina adamantina was described based on a single specimen, which is an adult female measuring in snout–vent length. The head is narrow. The snout is truncate as seen from above and slightly rounded in profile. The eyes are relatively large. The tympanic ring is barely visible; a weak supratympanic fold is present. The fingers and the toes have well-developed terminal discs but lack webbing. Skin is smooth apart from slight wartiness on the lower back. The dorsum is tan with indistinct darker mottling. There is a well-defined paler area on the side of face, from the upper lip from just below nostril to the tympanic fold. The lower surfaces are all pale with faint darker mottling that is slightly darker on the throat and the hind legs. The thighs are posteriorly pale with darker mottling. Habitat and conservation Austrochaperina adamantina has been recorded from elevations between above sea level (the upper limit is imprecise and could be lower). Its ecological requirements are unknown but it is presumably a forest inhabitant that breeds by direct development (i.e, there is no free-living larval stage), as its congeners. Threats to it are unknown. References adamantina Category:Amphibians of New Guinea Category:Amphibians of Papua New Guinea Category:Endemic fauna of New Guinea Category:Endemic fauna of Papua New Guinea Category:Amphibians described in 2000 Category:Taxa named by Richard G. Zweifel Category:Taxonomy articles created by Polbot

Alioto's Alioto’s Restaurant is an historical restaurant, located in San Francisco's Fisherman's Wharf. It was started as a fish stand in 1925 by Sicilian immigrant Nunzio Alioto, Sr. In 1932, with business at his Stall #8 doing well, Alioto built the first building on Fisherman’s Wharf and began selling crab and shrimp cocktails. A full restaurant opened in 1938. The restaurant is credited to be the first to create and serve Cioppino. King Harald and Queen Sonja of Norway dined there in 1995. References External links Category:1925 establishments in California Category:Italian-American culture in San Francisco Category:Restaurants established in 1925 Category:Restaurants in San Francisco Category:Sicilian-American cuisine

Matt Clark (Canadian football) Matt Clark is a Canadian former football player who played for the BC Lions and the Edmonton Eskimos. He played from 1991 to 1998, played with famous quarterback Doug Flutie, and was named a Canadian Football League All-Star one time. Professional career Matt Clark went to the University of Montana. Clark's first season with the CFL was 1991. He wore the number eighty-five. In his first season, he was named a CFL All-Star along with his teammates: Doug Flutie, Ray Alexander, Leo Groenewegen, and Jim Mills (gridiron football). In 1994, the BC Lions topped all of the CFL and won the Grey Cup. Matt Clark finished his professional career in 1998, playing just one game for the Edmonton Eskimos. References Category:Year of birth missing (living people) Category:Living people Category:BC Lions players Category:Edmonton Eskimos players Category:Canadian football wide receivers Category:American football wide receivers Category:Montana Grizzlies football players

Roman Sikorski Roman Sikorski (July 11, 1920 – September 12, 1983) was a Polish mathematician. Biography Sikorski was a professor at the Warsaw University from 1952 until 1982. Since 1962, he was a member of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Interests: Boolean algebras, mathematical logic, functional analysis, theory of distributions, measure theory, general topology (descriptive set theory). Works Boolean Algebras (1960) Funkcje rzeczywiste (t. 1–2 1958–59) The Mathematics of Metamathematics (1963, together with H. Rasiowa) Rachunek rózniczkowy i całkowy — funkcje wielu zmiennych (1967) See also Warsaw School of Mathematics References Roman Sikorski (11 July 1920–12 September 1983), Studia Mathematica, 78(1984), 105. M. Maczynski, T. Traczyk: Roman Sikorski (1920–1983), Wiadom. Mat., 27(2), 1987, 235–241. Category:1920 births Category:1983 deaths Category:Polish mathematicians Category:20th-century mathematicians Category:University of Warsaw alumni

2015 Copa Constitució The 2015 Copa Constitució was the 23rd season of Andorra's national football knockout tournament. The competition began on 21 February 2015 with the matches of the first elimination round and ended on 10 May 2015 with the final. UE Sant Julià, the defending champions, won the tournament. The team earned a place in the first qualifying round of the 2015–16 UEFA Europa League. A total of sixteen teams competed in the tournament. Results First Round Sixteen teams entered this round, eight from 2014–15 Primera Divisió and eight from 2014–15 Segona Divisió. The matches were played on 21, 22 February and 1 March 2015. |} Replay The match was played on 5 March 2015. |} Quarterfinals The matches were played on 1, 3, 4 and 8 March 2015. |} Semifinals The matches were played on 8 and 11 March 2015. |} Final References External links Results at soccerway.com Category:Copa Constitució seasons Andorra Copa

Carenum cognatum Carenum cognatum is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Scaritinae. It was described by Sloane in 1895. References Category:Carenum (genus) Category:Beetles described in 1895

Garbage Bowl The Garbage Bowl is a yearly Canadian football matchup that takes place outdoors on the 1st day of January each year in Montreal West, Quebec, Canada. Overseen by the Montreal West Garbage Bowl Association, this match has taken place every year since 1950 on the Montreal West High School (now Royal West Academy) football field. The Garbage Bowl is known for its cold and snowy weather conditions. How it is played The match takes place between two teams, the Northern Combines and the Southern Bombers. The players are not paid and volunteer their time and effort in order to raise donations. Historically, the Northern Combines are made up of Montreal West residents living North of the C.P.R. Crossing while the Southern Bombers are made up of those living South of it. This division isn't stressed as much as in the early years, as many non-residents now participate in the game. Many players have played the game yearly for upwards of 20 years and the age of players varies considerably between teenagers and those in their 50s. Each team is made up of a 30-man roster (on average). Proceeds from the game are donated to children's and youth organizations supported by the Montreal Westward Rotary Club. Each year the Garbage Bowl donates upwards of $10,000 in this way. Some of the proceeds come from the purchasing of Garbage Bowl Buttons, with a new one being produced each year. Examples can be seen in a picture on the right-hand side of this page. The Garbage Bowl is known for its generous donations and for the fact that grown men are playing football in their pyjamas. But more than anything, it's the fact that the game is often played on frigid cold days and involves icy and/or snow laden conditions. History Lloyd Johnson is credited with the original idea of the Garbage Bowl and his friends at the old Montreal West High School were the first participants. Three hundred and fifty fans watched that historic game in 1950 between the boys from the south of the C.P.R. railroad tracks and the boys from the north. The South, led by Dick Brook, won the first game 15-10 never realizing they were creating a rivalry that would endure for decades. Initially, the Southern Bombers were dressed in green pyjamas and the Northern Combines were wearing red longjohns but in the mid-fifties, the South changed their uniform to green longjohns. Due to the absence of goal posts in the early years of the game, converts were made by tossing the football into garbage cans positioned at both ends of the field. From these humble beginnings came the name of the game and also numerous imitations of the game across the continent. The Garbage Bowl became associated with the Montreal Westward Rotary Club in 1952 when the club started sponsoring the game as a fund-raising event. The first beneficiary of the game's proceeds was the newly merged School for Crippled Children and the Mackay Institute for the Deaf. While the Mackay Centre for Deaf and Crippled Children continues to be a recipient of funds, the list of beneficiaries has expanded to include most organizations sponsored by the Westward Rotary Club. In keeping with the spirit of the game, the money was collected by volunteers carrying garbage cans around the field into which fans would toss their donations. No football championship would be complete without a queen to preside over the event and the Garbage Bowl is no exception. In fact, the Garbage Bowl was probably the first football game to eliminate sexism from the competition to become queen. Miss Leftovers, the Garbage Bowl Queen, is a student at Royal West Academy "picked" by her peers. All the names of the contestants are placed in a hat and the last person whose name is picked from the hat becomes Miss Leftovers. The second and third to last names chosen become Miss South and Miss North. Many famous Montreal gridiron members of the past, present and future have either played with or coached Garbage Bowl teams. People like Johnny Newman, Sam "The Rifle" Etcheverry, Red O'Quinn, Tex Coulter, Moses Denson, Terry Evanshen, Red Storey, Brodie Snyder, George Dixon and someone known only as "The Shadow" have all been "on the field" on January 1 no matter how rotten their weather to make the Garage Bowl game a memorable start to the New Year. Over the years the game has had its controversial moments. Tex Coulter had his eligibility questioned in 1957 when it was claimed that he was purposely directed to the wrong (North) side of the tracks by Combine scouts. Johnny Newman resolved the problem when he produced Tex's contract written, in true Garbage Bowl fashion, on a bread wrapper. In other years, supporters have engaged in torch light parades and even effigy hangings to rally their team to victory. Perhaps the most exciting play in Garbage Bowl history was in the 1951 game when only one player knew all the plays for the North. At the start of the game however he was nowhere to be seen. Just before kick-off, a taxi roared up and out came Jack Birks wearing his tuxedo and clutching longjohns in hand. After pulling on his "uniform", he got on the field and returned the opening kick-off for a 102-yard touchdown. Since having aligned with the Montreal Westward Rotary Club, the term Garbage Bowl has come to involve a more lasting meaning. It now symbolizes the hope to put a child's crutches in the garbage. That is, not as a devilish gesture, but by helping to buy the operation needed to cure them. The garbage bowl players at one time were required to canvas Montreal-West, to be able to play they had to distribute the programs door to door and raise money. The canvasing usually occurred at the Santa Breakfast in December of every year. But with the disappearance of local High School Football teams (Montreal-West HighSchool, Marymount High School and the loss of the NDG Maple leafs), recruiting players has become difficult, players now come from outside the local area, making canvasing a thing of the past. External links Official Garbage Bowl Site Category:Canadian football in Montreal Category:Sports competitions in Montreal Category:Charity events in Canada Category:Montreal West, Quebec

Henry Macintosh Henry Maitland Macintosh (10 June 1892 – 26 July 1918) was a Scottish track and field athlete and winner of gold medal in 4 × 100 metres relay at the 1912 Summer Olympics. Macintosh was born in Kelso and educated at Glenalmond College and Corpus Christi College, Cambridge. A sprinter, at the Stockholm Olympic Games he was eliminated in the first round of the 100 metres and did not finish in the semi-final of the 200 metres. As the second leg in the British 4 × 100 m relay team, he won a gold medal, in spite of finishing second after United States in the semifinal. The United States was later disqualified for a fault in passing the baton – the same mistake was made in the final by the world record holder and main favourite German team. In 1913, Macintosh served as president of the Cambridge University Athletics Club, won the Scottish title, and equaled the British record over 100 yards. He ran his last competition in 1914 and left to South Africa. After the start of World War I he was commissioned into the Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders. He died as a captain at age 26, from wounds. He was buried in Senlis French National Cemetery. See also List of Olympians killed in World War I References Category:1892 births Category:1918 deaths Category:People from Kelso, Scottish Borders Category:Sportspeople from the Scottish Borders Category:Scottish male sprinters Category:Scottish soldiers Category:Olympic athletes of Great Britain Category:Olympic gold medallists for Great Britain Category:Athletes (track and field) at the 1912 Summer Olympics Category:Scottish Olympic medallists Category:British Army personnel of World War I Category:British military personnel killed in World War I Category:Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders officers Category:People educated at Glenalmond College Category:Alumni of Corpus Christi College, Cambridge Category:Medalists at the 1912 Summer Olympics Category:Olympic gold medalists in athletics (track and field)

Pietro da Pietri Pietro da Pietri (1663 – 1708, 1716, or 1721) was an Italian painter of the late-Baroque period, active mainly in Rome. Born in Rome, he was a pupil of the painter Giuseppe Ghezzi, then of Angelo Massarotti, then assisted in the studio of Carlo Maratta. He is also known as Pietro Antonio da Pietri, Pietro dei Pietri, and Pietro de' Pietri. He painted an altarpiece of the Virgin with Saints for Santa Maria in Via Lata. References Category:1663 births Category:18th-century deaths Category:Artists from Rome Category:17th-century Italian painters Category:Italian male painters Category:18th-century Italian painters Category:Italian Baroque painters Category:Pupils of Carlo Maratta

List of crime films of the 1960s A list of crime films released in the 1960s. Notes References Crime films * 1960s

Orienting system The brain pathway that orients visual attention to a stimulus is referred to as the orienting system. There are two main types of visual orientations, covert (exogenous) which occurs when a salient environmental change causes a shift in attention and overt (endogenous) which occurs when the individual makes a conscious decision to orient attention to a stimuli During a covert orientation of attention, the individual does not physically move, and during an overt orientation of attention the individual's eyes and head physically move in the direction of the stimulus. Information acquired through covert and overt visual orientations travels through the norepinephrine system, indirectly effecting the ventral visual pathway. The four specific brain regions involved in this process are the frontal eye field, the temporoparietal junction, the pulvinar, and the superior colliculus. The frontal eye field is involved in goal-driven eye movements and can inhibit stimulus driven eye movements. The temporoparietal junction appears to be involved location-cueing tasks, and individuals with lesions in this area have difficulty with attentional reorienting. The pulvinar is located posterior to the thalamus and its role in the orientating system is still being researched; however it is thought to be involved in covert orienting. Finally, the superior colliculus provides information about the location of the stimuli to which attention is directed. References Category:Visual system Category:Central nervous system Category:Attention

Edward Grochowicz Edward Grochowicz (born May 21, 1939 in Warsaw, died March 8, 2014) was a Polish photographer. Life and career He graduated from the Technical School of Photography in Warsaw. In 1961 he became a member of the Creative Group "Stodoła 60" (since 1964 "Group ST-60"). Long-term vice-president of the Association of Polish Artists Photographers, chairman of the College of Appraisers at the City Hall of Warsaw. Chairman of the appeals board at the Ministry of Culture and Art, member of the policy council and scholarship committee at the Ministry of Culture and Art, co-founder and member of the Polish Culture Foundation. He participated in more than 200 national and international exhibitions, among others: the 2nd International Exhibition of Photography (Warsaw 1961), "Photographers seeking" (Warsaw 1971), National Photography Exhibition of X Biennale of Polish Landscape (Kielce 1987). Won many awards, among others the Medal of Merit of Culture. Awarded by the International Federation of Photographic Art with titles of honor: Artiste FIAP (AFIAP) and Excellence FIAP (EFIAP). Edward Grochowicz's photographs are currently in the Archives of the KARTA Center References Category:1939 births Category:2014 deaths Category:Polish photographers Category:People from Warsaw

Speak (Bachelor Girl song) "Speak" is a song by Australian pop group Bachelor Girl. The song is due for release on 18 June 2018, twenty years since the release of the group's debut single "Buses and Trains". It is the group's first single in 16 years and tackles the theme of the correlation between technology and depression in the young. Tania Doko said: "I feel strongly that "Speak" is the first offering back for the band – personally, it's a wake-up call and hopefully a 3 minute 30 reminder out there that we're humans, not just hashtags." James Roche added: "Imagine our world if we develop a group agreement that speaking the truth and acting with integrity is normal." Discussing the song, Doko said: "I wanted to reflect on a worrying trend: since the onset of the smart phone, there's been a global, dramatic spike in depression, especially among our young people. Not discounting that technology provides a voice for many, we face a conundrum. In this digital 'virtual' age, social media, data, algorithms and fake news often determine behaviour and self-esteem, leaving real conversation, human connection and truth itself frequently sacrificed. Whether it's sharing day to day goings on, or serious issues like abuse and bullying, no device can replace the value of real-life communication." The music video was released on 18 June 2018. Background Bachelor Girl formed in 1992 and released their debut studio album Waiting for the Day in 1998. The album won an ARIA Award in 1999 and was certified platinum. The album spawned the platinum selling and APRA Award-winning single "Buses and Trains". In 2002, the group released their second studio album Dysfunctional before commencing a hiatus in 2004 when Roche moved to London. In 2011, the group, briefly reformed and released a greatest hits album as well as a third studio album of songs recorded prior to the hiatus. Since 2012, Doko has been living in Stockholm while Roche has worked with a number of Australian artists, including Anthony Callea on his 2016 number-one album, Backbone. In 2016, the duo performed together in Australia for an Australia Day concert. In 2017, Roche travelled to Sweden and wrote songs with Doko, which inspired the duo to record new songs together. The duo said: "Things really sparked, it reminded us why we started working together in the first place way back then – the joy of writing and making music together. We're just so excited about the new songs, they're better than ever before." Track listing Digital download "Speak" – 3:35 Release history References Category:Bachelor Girl songs Category:2018 singles Category:2018 songs

Brad Troemel Brad Troemel (born 1987) is an American artist, writer and instructor based in New York City. Troemel is most well known for his development of the Tumblr website The Jogging which has received attention for its work in post internet art. Education Brad Troemel received a BA in Visual Critical Studies from the School of the Art Institute of Chicago, and an MFA from New York University NYU Steinhardt. Work In 2008, Troemel launched the website On The Make with curator Karly Wildenhaus. That year, Troemel opened the Chicago-based art gallery Scott Projects. Starting in 2009, Troemel, along with artist Lauren Christiansen, began digitally compositing images that depicted irreverent installation scenes and sculptures on the Tumblr website The Jogging. Jogging concluded with months of polarizing conspiracy images made by Troemel and the artist Edward Shenk, what critic Zachary Kaplan called "a body of image macros that took on the look and feel of Truther and right-wing, anti-Obama propaganda while simultaneously subverting it through absurdist content." In 2011 Troemel began a series of exhibitions with his use of Bitcoin and the Silk Road black market. For the exhibition "The Social Life of Things" in Rotterdam, Troemel used a number of objects from the marketplace including a Fake ID containing his real details and picture, bump keys and psychedelic drug seeds which were presented in an installation. Those objects were presented for free to be further used by visitors and Troemel himself used Silk Road-purchased identification to travel from New York to Rotterdam for the exhibition. In 2012, Troemel launched an Etsy store primarily featuring temporary food sculptures designed to fall apart during their shipment through the postal service. Troemel's 2014 exhibition Live/Work at Tomorrow Gallery featured a series of hanging colored ant tanks, each indicative of a different trio of charities. The run of the exhibition served as a competition between the various ant tanks to see which could most productively dig the most tunnels, earning the charity that the ants represented 10% of the exhibitions' proceeds. In 2015 Troemel partnered with Joshua Citarella, a former collaborator from Jogging, to create UV Production House, an Etsy store providing material kits and fabrication guidance to collectors for all-original works. In 2016 exhibition "Freecaching", Troemel concealed his entire studio inventory in Central Park and presented GPS coordinates as magnetic puzzle certificates of authenticity at Tomorrow Gallery. He described, the exhibition was meant to be a proof of concept for discretely utilizing public space as a sharing economy art storage business model. References External links Category:Living people Category:1987 births Category:New York University faculty Category:Artists from New York (state) Category:Date of birth unknown

Elnias Šiauliai Elnias Šiauliai was a Lithuanian football club from Šiauliai. History It was founded by Elnias leather and shoes factory. It was the most accomplished football club from Šiauliai during Soviet times. Elnias had the most wins (7) in Lithuanian SSR Top League (1945–1989). Achievements Lithuanian SSR Top League Winners (7): 1948, 1949, 1953, 1957, 1958, 1959–1960, 1960–1961 Runners-up (3): 1950, 1951, 1956 Third places (3): 1952, 1954, 1958–1959 Lithuanian Cup (Tiesa Cup): Winners (3): 1950, 1957, 1959 Runners-up (1): 1951 3rd place in Baltic Radio Cup Tournament (1958) Managers Voldemaras Jaškevičius, 1948–1953 A. Sipavičius, 1955–1958 I. Urbonas, 1958–1959 V. Šambaris, 1959–1960 S. Rostkauskas, 1961–1965 H. Jakimavičius, 1966–1968 R. Jankauskas, 1969–1986 External links Statistics – futbolinis.lt Category:Defunct football clubs in Lithuania Category:Sport in Šiauliai Category:1947 establishments in Lithuania Category:1986 disestablishments in Lithuania Category:Association football clubs established in 1947 Category:Association football clubs disestablished in 1986

Djègbè Djègbè may refer to several places in Benin: Djègbè, Collines Djègbè, Zou

2015 Thailand National Games The 44th Thailand National Games (, also known as the 2015 National Games and the Nakhon Sawan Games) were held in Nakhon Sawan, Thailand from 12 to 21 December 2015. The opening ceremony, scheduled for 11 December, was postponed by Bike for Dad ปั่นเพื่อพ่อ, to 12 December. There were matches in 43 sports and 77 disciplines. The games were held in Nakhon Sawan Sport Center and Nakhon Sawan sport school. Nakhon Sawan also hosted the 28th national games in 1995. Marketing Emblem The red curve is for powerful success, the blue curve for the strength of the sport, the red circle is for knowledge of the sport, and the golden circle frame is a victory medal of competition. The emblem also has the face of a Yingge dancer. Mascot The mascot is a dragon named Xiao Long (Dragon, 小龙), xiaolong meaning dragon. The Chinese dragon has been long regarded as the creator of humanitarian law, building confidence, showing power and goodness, mettle, heroic effort and perseverance, morality, nobility, and mightiness like a god. The Chinese dragon does not give up until they accomplish what they want; other attributes are conscientious, absolute discretion, optimistic, ambitious, beautiful, friendly and intelligent. Torch relay At the grand palace, General Surayud Chulanont gave the royal flame to Assistant Minister of Tourism and Sports and Nakhon Sawan and the National games and National Para Games Organizing Committee. The route of torch relay was around Nakhon Sawan Province. Provinces participating Sports Official sports Air sports Archery Athletics Badminton Basketball Billiards and snooker Bodybuilding Bowling Boxing Canoeing Sprint Slalom Cycling BMX Mountain biking Road Track Dancesport Extreme sports BMX Inline skate Skateboard Slalom Fencing Field Hockey Football Futsal Gymnastics Artistic Rhythmic Trampoline Go Golf Handball Judo Kabaddi Karate Muay Thai Netball Petanque Pencak Silat Rowing Rugby football Sepaktakraw Beach Sepaktakraw Sepaktakraw (Circle) Sepaktakraw Shooting Softball Soft tennis Swimming Table tennis Taekwondo Poomsae Kyorugi Tennis Thai Fencing Traditional boat Tug of war Volleyball Beach Volleyball Volleyball Weightlifting Woodball Wrestling Freestyle Greco-Roman Demonstration sports Makruk Venues Note:Chai Nat Province is the venue for Cycling (BMX) Ceremony Opening Ceremony The opening ceremony started at 18:00 local time on December 12, 2015, at the Nakhon Sawan Province Central Stadium. It was attended by Minister of Tourism and Sports, Kobkarn Wattanavrangkul. This ceremony presented 4 shows including: The first show: River of Life; Nakhon Sawan has four rivers: Ping River, Wang River, Yom River and Nan River and stream converge into Chao Phraya River at Pak Nam Pho. The second show: Lod Lai Mangkorn (Dragon), Culture of Thai Chinese in Nakhon Sawan. The third show: Honor the King, Loyalty of Thai people to the King. The fourth show: Celebrating 100 years of Nakhon Sawan. Closing Ceremony The closing ceremony started at 18:00 local time on December 12, 2015, at the Nakhon Sawan Province Central Stadium. It was attended by Assistant Minister of Tourism and Sports, Chawani Thongroj. This ceremony presented 4 shows and handover of the Thai National Games flag to the Governor of the Sports Authority of Thailand, Sakol Wannapong. Medal tally Suphanburi led the medal table for the third consecutive time. A total of 77 provinces won at least one medal, 67 provinces won at least one gold medal, 8 provinces won at least one silver medal and 2 provinces won at least one bronze medal. References External links Category:Thailand National Games Category:Multi-sport events in Thailand Category:2015 in Thai sport Thailand National Games

Frank McCoppin Frank McCoppin (July 4, 1834 in County Longford, Ireland – May 26, 1897 in San Francisco, California) was the first Irish-born, and foreign-born Mayor of San Francisco. Career McCoppin was a member of the Royal Irish Constabulary from 1851 until he emigrated to the United States in 1853. In 1860, he was made supervisor of the Market Street Railway, where he encouraged planting among the railroad tracks, to lessen the problem of drifting sands. Shortly thereafter, he was elected to the San Francisco Board of Supervisors. He then was elected mayor in 1867, serving from December 2, 1867, to December 5, 1869. He and the Board of Supervisors approved the plan for Golden Gate Park January 14, 1868. However, questions regarding his citizenship (word had leaked that he was not a naturalized U.S. citizen when he was supervisor or that he applied for citizenship during his term) led to his defeat in the 1869 election. In 1886, he ran for a seat in the United States House of Representatives but lost to William W. Morrow. He later served two terms in the California State Senate. In 1894, President Grover Cleveland appointed him Postmaster of San Francisco, a position he held until his death from stomach cancer on May 26, 1897. He is credited with recommending the use of ladybugs to control insect pests affecting the California citrus crop. Personal life In 1862, he was married to Elizabeth Bird Van Ness in San Francisco, thereby becoming the son-in-law of former mayor James Van Ness. A small park, McCoppin Square, located in the Parkside District of San Francisco, is named in his honor, as are McCoppin Street in the Mission District and Frank McCoppin Elementary School, near Golden Gate Park. McCoppin was a Scottish national hero and an inspiration to the remaining Coppin’s of the UK. Sources Heintz, William F., San Francisco's Mayors: 1850-1880. From the Gold Rush to the Silver Bonanza. Woodside, CA: Gilbert Roberts Publications, 1975. (Library of Congress Card No. 75-17094) External links Mairead O'Shea, "Longford son brought the ladybird to the Americans" November 1886 California election results Category:19th-century Irish people Category:Politicians from County Longford Category:Mayors of San Francisco Category:California state senators Category:Deaths from cancer in California Category:Deaths from stomach cancer Category:Royal Irish Constabulary officers Category:1834 births Category:1897 deaths Category:Irish emigrants to the United States (before 1923) Category:19th-century American politicians

Court Appointed Special Advocates Court Appointed Special Advocates (CASA) is a national association in the United States that supports and promotes court-appointed advocates for abused or neglected children in order to provide children with a safe and healthy environment in permanent homes. In many jurisdictions, CASA are known as Guardians ad litem. In other jurisdictions, the CASA is a volunteer. In both cases, CASA's role is to gather information and make recommendations to the judge in the best interest of the child. According to National CASA Association, there are more than 85,000 advocates serving in nearly 1,000 state and local program offices in the United States. Each year more than a quarter of a million children are assisted through CASA services. History In 1977, Seattle Superior Court Judge David Soukup was faced with making decisions on behalf of abused and neglected children with only the information provided by the state Child Protective Services. Soukup formulated the idea that volunteers could be dedicated to a case and speak for children's best interests. Fifty volunteers responded to his idea, which started a movement that provides better representation for abused and neglected children throughout the United States. Current situation Since its founding, CASA programming has grown to cover 49 U.S. states and the District of Columbia. Some state and local agencies receive government funding, while others do not. The National CASA agency relies on pass thru grants from the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention as well as partnerships with organizations like Jewelers for Children. National CASA then passes grant funding to state and local agencies. Strategic objectives According to CASA, the strategic objectives of the organization are listed as follows: Every court in the United States recognizes that a CASA/GAL volunteer is essential for a successful outcome for children Our volunteer base reflects the diversity and cultural makeup of children in the system Every potential donor understands the importance of our mission, and places it at the top of their priority list Every government official at the local, state, tribal and federal level understands the far-reaching results a CASA/GAL volunteer can achieve, and places our work at the top of their agenda Every child can thrive in the safe embrace of a loving family Training Court Appointed Special Advocates (CASA) can be found in cities all over the United States. Different locations vary on their training process but all advocates are properly trained to assess a familial situation, a child's opinion, and adequately represent children in court. Typical training consists of 30 hours of pre-service training and 12 hours per year of continuing training. See also Child Protection and Obscenity Enforcement Act References External links CASA for Children, National CASA's Web Site Category:Legal organizations based in the United States Category:Foster care in the United States Category:Child welfare in the United States Category:Children's rights organizations in the United States

My Hats Collection My Hats Collection is a compilation album by Canadian new wave/synthpop group Men Without Hats, released in 2006. The compilation is notable for including "Tomorrow Today", a song by a pre-Men Without Hats band called Heaven 17, which featured Ivan Doroschuk on keyboards, and "Gravity is My Enemy", a song from the original demo tape that got the group signed to Statik. Track listing "The Safety Dance" - 2:45 "Living in China" - 3:04 "Antarctica" - 3:27 "I Got the Message" - 4:41 "I Like" - 4:13 "Where Do the Boys Go?" - 3:46 "Freeways" (Euromix) - 5:47 "Editions of You" - 3:56 "Pop Goes the World" - 3:46 "Tomorrow Today" - 3:56 "Gravity Is My Enemy" - 3:42 "Heaven" - 3:43 "The Safety Dance" (extended version) - 4:34 "Where Do the Boys Go?" (extended version) - 6:17 The Silver Collection In 2008, the album was reissued as The Silver Collection, a CD/DVD pack which replaced "Gravity Is My Enemy" with an extended New Wave version of "Ban the Game" (the short piano intro to Rhythm of Youth), "Rhythm of Youth" and "Treblinka" (all three come from the same demo tape) and also included a bonus DVD containing five music videos and an interview. "The Safety Dance" "Nationale 7" "I Like" "Where Do the Boys Go?" "Pop Goes the World" The Jeannie Becker interview (1983) Category:Men Without Hats albums Category:2006 greatest hits albums

Danilo Dolci Danilo Dolci (June 28, 1924 – December 30, 1997) was an Italian social activist, sociologist, popular educator and poet. He is best known for his opposition to poverty, social exclusion and the Mafia on Sicily, and is considered to be one of the protagonists of the non-violence movement in Italy. He became known as the "Gandhi of Sicily". In the 1950s and 1960s, Dolci published a series of books (notably, in their English translations, To Feed the Hungry, 1955, and Waste, 1960) that stunned the outside world with their emotional force and the detail with which he depicted the desperate conditions of the Sicilian countryside and the power of the Mafia. Dolci became a kind of cult hero in the United States and Northern Europe; he was idolised, in particular by idealistic youngsters, and support committees were formed to raise funds for his projects. In 1958 he was awarded the Lenin Peace Prize, despite being an explicit non-Communist. He was twice nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize by the American Friends Service Committee (AFSC), which in 1947 received the Nobel Peace Prize along with the British Friends Service Council, now called Quaker Peace and Social Witness, on behalf of all Quakers worldwide. Among those who publicly voiced support for his efforts were Carlo Levi, Erich Fromm, Bertrand Russell, Jean Piaget, Aldous Huxley, Jean-Paul Sartre and Ernst Bloch. In Sicily, Leonardo Sciascia advocated many of his ideas. In the United States his proto-Christian idealism was absurdly confused with Communism. He was also a recipient of the 1989 Jamnalal Bajaj International Award of the Jamnalal Bajaj Foundation of India. Early years Danilo Dolci was born in the Karstic town of Sežana (now in Slovenia), at the time part of the Italian border region known as Julian March. His father was an agnostic Sicilian railway official, while his mother, Meli Kokelj, was a deeply Catholic local Slovene woman. The young Danilo grew up in Mussolini’s fascist state. As a teenager Dolci saw Italy enter into World War II. He worried his family by tearing down any Fascist war posters he came across. "I had never heard the phrase 'conscientious objector'," Dolci later said, "and I had no idea there were such persons in the world, but I felt strongly that it was wrong to kill people and I was determined never to do so." He tried to escape from the authorities who suspected him of tearing down the posters, but he was caught while trying to reach Rome and ended up in jail for a short time. He refused to enlist in the army of the Republic of Salò, Mussolini's puppet state after the Allied invasion in 1943. Dolci was inspired by the work of the Catholic priest Don Zeno Saltini (it) who had opened an orphanage for 3,000 abandoned children after World War II. It was housed in a former concentration camp at Fossoli near Modena in Emilia Romagna, and was called Nomadelphia (it): a place where fraternity is law. In 1950 Dolci quit his very promising architecture and engineering studies in Switzerland at the age of twenty-five, gave up his middle class standard of living and went to work with the poor and unfortunate. Dolci set up a similar commune called Ceffarello. Don Zeno was being harassed by officials who felt he was a Communist, and even the Vatican turned against Don Zeno, calling him the "mad priest." The authorities decided to put the orphans into asylums and close down both Nomadelphia and Ceffarello. Dolci had to sit by and watch as government forces took off with many of the commune's children, and had to gather up all his energy in the building of a new Nomadelphia. By 1952, he was ready to move on and work elsewhere. In Sicily In 1952 Dolci decided to head for "the poorest place I had ever known" — the squalid fishing village of Trappeto in western Sicily about 30 km west of Palermo. During a previous visit to Sicily's Greek archaeological sites he had become acutely aware of the squalid rural poverty. Towns without electricity, running water or sewers, peopled by impoverished citizens barely surviving on the edge of starvation, largely illiterate and unemployed, suspicious of the state and ignored by their Church. "Coming from the North, I knew I was totally ignorant," Dolci wrote later. "Looking all around me, I saw no streets, just mud and dust... I started working with masons and peasants, who kindly, gently, taught me their trades. That way my spectacles were no longer a barrier. Every day, all day, as the handle of hoe or shovel burned the blisters deeper, I learned more than any book could teach me about this people's struggle to exist..." In Trappeto Dolci started an orphanage, helped by Vincenzina Mangano, the widow of a fisherman and trade unionist whom he rescued from penury and whose five children he adopted as his own. Later, he moved uphill to nearby Partinico, where he tried to organise landless peasants into co-operatives. Dolci started using hunger strikes, sit-down protests and non-violent demonstrations as methods to force the regional and national government to make improvements in the poverty stricken areas of the island. Eventually, he became known as the "Gandhi of Sicily", as a French journalist had dubbed him. Peaceful protest Throughout his career in Sicily, Dolci used methods of peaceful protest, with one of his most famous hunger strike being in November 1955, when he fasted for a week in Partinico to draw attention to the misery and violence in the area and to promote the building of a dam over the Iato River, which roared down in the winter rains and dried up in the nine arid months, that could provide irrigation for the entire valley. One technique that he innovated was the "strike in reverse" (working without pay), which initiated unauthorized public works projects for the poor. This earned him his first notoriety in 1956, when he gathered some 150 unemployed men to mend a public road. The police called it obstruction; his helpers walked away; he lay down on the road and was arrested. Skilfully, he drummed up publicity. Famous lawyers such as Piero Calamandrei offered to defend him for free. Famous writers, such as Ignazio Silone, Alberto Moravia, Carlo Levi, among others, protested. The Palermo court acquitted Dolci and his two dozen co-defendants of resisting and insulting the police, but sentenced them to 50 days' imprisonment (time they had already served) and a 20,000 lire (US$32) fine for "having invaded ground that belonged to the government." On his release he resumed the campaign for the dam on the Iato river and work would eventually start in February 1963. Subsequently, he started a campaign for a dam in the Belice river, to avoid the valley from becoming a wasteland and providing jobs to stop the emigration of workers. Dolci proclaimed a week of mourning and with 30 associates conducted a hunger strike in the town square of Roccamena in March 1965. He then led a delegation from mayors of 19 towns in the valley to Rome to plead for the dam, parading to Parliament carrying banners protesting that "the Belice valley is dying". In January 1968, the area was hit by an earthquake which destroyed much of the Belice valley. Dolci actively assisted victims and months after the disaster he announced demonstrations and hunger strikes to demand immediate help for homeless families living in tents. Funds for relief and reconstruction were siphoned off by greedy administrators, and "Belice" has since become an Italian by-word for political corruption. Antimafia Dolci became aware of the stranglehold of the Mafia upon the poor in Sicily. He did not attack the Mafia at first but he did come up against them at once challenging their monopoly of water supply with the project of the Iato River dam. Initially, his actions resulted in threats by the Mafia and disapproval of the authorities; later he became too well known in Italy and abroad to be dealt with without too much adverse publicity. He began his crusade against the Mafia by claiming that government officials were receiving help in their elections from Cosa Nostra. Rather than making his accusations only in Sicily, he traveled to Rome to participate before the Antimafia Commission, which was established in 1963, to ensure that his worries about the Mafia in Sicily were heard. His willingness to stand up to the Mafia in his quest to improve the living conditions of Sicilians helped him to gain the confidence of the locals. Throughout 1963 and 1964, Dolci and his assistant Franco Alasia had been gathering evidence on the links between the Mafia and politicians for the Commission. At a press conference in September 1965, they presented dozen of testimonies of people who had supposedly seen Bernardo Mattarella (father of the current President of Italy, Sergio Mattarella) and Calogero Volpe meeting with leading mafiosi. Mattarella and Volpe sued Dolci and Alasia for libel. Tried for libel In the ensuing two-year trial, dozens of witnesses were heard and many documents were considered. When the Court refused to allow new evidence from witnesses, Dolci and Alasia decided that the trial was a travesty. They announced that under these circumstances they would no longer attempt to defend themselves. The remainder of the trial, therefore, took place with Dolci and Alasia absent from the courtroom. Dolci responded by broadcasting his opinions over a private radio station, which was promptly closed. On June 21, 1967, the Court of Rome determined that Mattarella had offered reliable evidence of his opposition to the Mafia in the entire course of his political career. The statements collected by the defendants – Dolci and his assistant Alasia – were considered nothing more than "deplorable gossip, malicious rumour or even simple lies." The Court was of the opinion that Mattarella "never had relations with the Mafia environment." The results of the investigation were published in 1966 in the book Chi gioca solo (The Man Who Plays Alone). Dolci made an application for an amnesty, but was sentenced to two years imprisonment for libel along with heavy fines. Alasia received a sentence of one and a half year. They never served the verdict, because of a pardon. It would have been too scandalous to send Dolci to prison and the sentence was cancelled. Mattarella had won the trial but lost a cabinet post in the new government of Aldo Moro. In appeal the sentences were confirmed in 1973. "To each his own responsibility before today's public opinion and tomorrow's history," Dolci commented the sentence. Popular educator In the vein of Gandhi and Martin Luther King, Dolci believed that conflicts in society were inevitable, but that any attempt to resolve conflicts by violence or other coercive means would eventually backfire. In the short run violent solutions might offer an advantage; in the long run, however, all positions depending on such dominative means would collapse in renewed violence. Dolci became convinced that education was the key to social progress. With the money he received for the Lenin Peace Prize in 1958, he founded the Centro studi e iniziative per la piena occupazione (Center of Research and Initiatives for Full Employment) in Partinico, the village in the Palermo hinterland that had become his home, and other towns on the island. In his community work Dolci "sought concrete methods of pedagogy and conflict resolution that would pave the way for a fully democratic and non-violent society." The centre was one of the most important examples of community development in Italy and especially in the south since World War II. It became both a form of self-organisation of local communities and a training school for a generation of socially and politically committed young people, who found their cohesion as a group and attempted to construct a process of social aggregation through the methods and instruments of active non-violence. Dolci used the Socratic method, a dialectic method of inquiry, and "popular self-analysis" for empowerment of communities. His pedagogical methods emphasized social awareness and cultural interaction, and won him a worldwide standing. His ideas were taken up by a small but passionate group of supporters that took his methods across Sicily and into mainland Italy. Controversy Dolci’s life and actions stirred ample controversy. He annoyed the authorities, who often actively worked against him. Some of the locals that opposed the Iato river dam were not pleased to see the valleys flooded, and gardens and olive trees ruined. The contractors of the works eventually were either in the Mafia or their middlemen. Dolci was often short of, and careless with, money. He was helped out from time to time, predominantly by English families whose fortunes had been made with the sweet Marsala wine manufactured in Sicily. In 1964, Palermo archbishop Cardinal Ernesto Ruffini publicly denounced Dolci and Giuseppe Tomasi di Lampedusa, author of The Leopard, as well as the Mafia, for "defaming" all Sicilians. Ruffini’s allegations and their approval by Pope Paul VI could be interpreted as a kind of endorsement for his liquidation and increased concerns for Dolci’s safety. In 1968 Dolci was accused of embezzling funds sent from abroad to help the victims of the earthquake which destroyed much of the Belice valley, though the charges were never substantiated. At the same time, some of his followers left to set up their own educational centres accusing him of excessive authoritarianism. Some of Dolci's later initiatives were less successful than others, often bordering on the intangible. His centre sought to produce evidence against a secret NATO submarine base around Maddalena island off Sardinia on the basis that such an installation required Italian approval and control which in this case was apparently granted covertly to the United States Navy. The smears succeeded in pushing Dolci out of the spotlight in Italy. The last 20 years of his life he disappeared from public view, although he continued to be revered abroad, winning prizes for his poetry, and working as a guest lecturer at universities. Death and legacy Dolci has been proposed for the Nobel Peace Prize, denounced by the Cardinal Archbishop of Palermo; he has won the support of many Communists and some Jesuits, been threatened by the Mafia, and been prosecuted for obscenity by the Italian government for his book Inchiesta a Palermo (Report from Palermo). Dolci was a great writer. His books are remarkable accounts of the society he surveys, and their accuracy and insight have helped to give a realistic basis to any schemes for improvement. Above all he has given a voice to the abandoned, forgotten, despairing, nameless, suffering people of Sicily. Unforgettably he enabled peasants and fishermen, mothers and prostitutes, street urchins, outlaws and bandits, police and mafiosi to tell their stories. He refused to answer to anybody and never joined a political party despite several invitations from the Italian Communist Party to run for office. "Reality is very complex," he said. "To understand it, men have tried Christianity, liberalism, Gandhiism, socialism. There is some truth in all solutions. We are all mendicants of truth." In the 1970s he rebelled against the state monopoly on broadcasting and set up his own radio station in Partinico in the face of stiff resistance from the police. Dolci died on December 30, 1997 in Trappeto, from heart failure. He was survived by the five adopted children he had with his first wife, Vincenzina, and by two children from his second marriage. His death has triggered a curious mixture of reactions. While the chief Antimafia prosecutor in Palermo, Gian Carlo Caselli, said Dolci was one of the people who gave him the keys to do his job, the national press gave him surprisingly short shrift, describing him as a historical curiosity whose work has long since been forgotten. According to the obituary in The Independent: "If the world now knows anything about the dark, secretive world of the Sicilian Mafia in the first turbulent years after the Second World War, it is largely thanks to Danilo Dolci." The man who in his youth studied architecture became an architect of social change. For long, he was practically unknown in his native Slovenia. In 2007, however, an exhibition on his life and work was organized in his native town of Sežana. In 2010, a book of his poetry was first translated into Slovene. The same year, a bilingual memorial plaque was placed on his native house, and a local educational organization was named after him. His papers are currently housed at the Howard Gotlieb Archival Research Center at Boston University. Books in English To Feed the Hungry (1955/1959), London: McGibbon & Kee. Report from Palermo (1959), New York: The Orion Press, Inc. Sicilian Lives (1960/1981), New York: Pantheon Books. Waste (1964), New York: Monthly Review Press A New World in the Making (1965) Translated by R. Munroe. Monthly Review Press The Man Who Plays Alone (1968), New York: Random House Biographies McNeish, James (1965). Fire Under the Ashes: The Life of Danilo Dolci, London: Hodder and Stoughton. Mangione, Jerre (1968). A Passion for Sicilians: The World around Danilo Dolci, New York: William Morrow and Co. References Sources Bess, Michael (1993), Realism, utopia, and the mushroom cloud: four activist intellectuals and their strategies for peace, 1945–1989, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, Mangione, Jerre (1972/1985). A Passion for Sicilians: The World Around Danilo Dolci, New Brunswick: Transaction Books, Ragone, Michele (2011). Le parole di Danilo Dolci, Foggia: Edizioni del Rosone, Servadio, Gaia (1976). Mafioso. A history of the Mafia from its origins to the present day, London: Secker & Warburg External links Danilo Dolci nell'accademia del villaggio globale (a cura di Gaetano G. Perlongo) Danilo Dolci Papers Swarthmore College Peace Collection. Category:1924 births Category:1997 deaths Category:People from Sežana Category:Italian people of Slovene descent Category:Italian sociologists Category:Italian activists Category:Antimafia Category:Historians of the Sicilian Mafia Category:Italian non-fiction writers Category:Italian male poets Category:20th-century Italian poets Category:Nonviolence advocates Category:Lenin Peace Prize recipients

Treaty of Fort Laramie Treaty of Fort Laramie may refer to: Treaty of Fort Laramie (1851) Treaty of Fort Laramie (1868)

Tibetology Tibetology () refers to the study of things related to Tibet, including its history, religion, language, culture, politics and the collection of Tibetan articles of historical, cultural and religious significance. The last may mean a collection of Tibetan statues, shrines, Buddhist icons and holy scripts, Thangka embroideries, paintings and tapestries, jewellery, masks and other objects of fine Tibetan art and craftsmanship. History The Jesuit Antonio de Andrade (1580–1634) and a few others established a small mission and church in Tsaparang (1626), in the kingdom of Guge (Western Tibet) in the 17th century. When the kingdom was overrun by the king of Ladakh (1631), the mission was destroyed. A century later another Jesuit, the Italian Ippolito Desideri (1684–1733) was sent to Tibet and received permission to stay in Lhasa where he spent 5 years (1716–1721) living in a Tibetan monastery, studying the language, the religion of the lamas and other Tibetan customs. He published a couple of books in Tibetan on Christian doctrine. Because of a conflict of jurisdiction (the mission was entrusted to the Capuchins, and not to the Jesuits) Desideri had to leave Tibet and returned to Italy, where he spent the rest of his life publishing his Historical notes on Tibet. They were collected, in 4 volumes, under the title of Opere Tibetane (Rome;1981–1989). Desideri may be considered as the first Tibetologist and he did much to make Tibet known in Europe. Desideri was however a pioneer, and as such what he produced were rather 'observations' on Tibet, a work he did with objectivity and sympathy, but not always perfect accuracy. The inception of Tibetology as an authentic academic discipline is thus associated with the Hungarian Sándor Kőrösi Csoma (1784–1842) who is considered as its founder to present day, the other early tibetologists of note being Philippe Édouard Foucaux who in 1842 occupied the first chair for Tibetan studies in Europe and Isaac Jacob Schmidt, who was primarily the pioneering mongolist residing in Saint Petersburg. The publications of the British diplomat Charles Alfred Bell contributed towards the establishment of tibetology as an academic discipline. As outstanding tibetologists of the 20th century the British Frederick William Thomas, David Snellgrove, Michael Aris, and Richard Keith Sprigg, the Italians Giuseppe Tucci and Luciano Petech, the Frenchmen Jacques Bacot and Rolf Alfred Stein, finally the Germans Dieter Schuh and Klaus Sagaster, may be mentioned. Since a few decades, particularly in Anglo-Saxon countries, the study of Tibet and Tibetology open itself towards other disciplines, resulting in works with interdisciplinary approach. This has become most obvious in the regular conferences of the IATS (International Association of Tibetan Studies), held at intervals of three years in different cities all over the world. As examples of such open-minded Tibet researcher we might mention the American anthropologist Melvyn Goldstein, among others, who has done noted research and publications on lexical questions, about Tibetan nomads and the modern history of Tibet. Others are Robert Barnett, Matthew Kapstein, Elliot Sperling, Alex McKay, Geoffrey Samuel, and many more. See also Buddhist Digital Resource Center - Formerly known as Tibetan Buddhist Resource Center Latse - a nonprofit based in NYC focusing on promoting contemporary Tibetan culture. External links IATS - The International Association of Tibetan Studies Tibetology Network Tibetan & Himalayan Digital Library Additional images Footnotes Literature Tsering Shakya: The Development of Modern Tibetan Studies. In: Robert Barnett (Hg.): Resistance and Reform in Tibet (Bloomington/Indianapolis, Indiana University Press 1994), , S. 1–14. SHAKABPA, W. D. 1967. Tibet: A Political History [With plates and maps.]. Yale University Press: New Haven & London. See also China Tibetology Research Center International Seminar of Young Tibetologists Vajrayana Buddhism

2004 United States Senate election in Georgia The 2004 United States Senate election in Georgia took place on November 2, 2004, alongside other elections to the United States Senate in other states as well as elections to the United States House of Representatives and various state and local elections. Incumbent Democratic U.S. Senator Zell Miller decided to retire, leaving an open seat. Majette became both the first African American and the first woman to be nominated for the U.S. Senate in Georgia. Republican Johnny Isakson won the open seat. The results were almost a complete reversal from the previous election in 2000. Major candidates Democratic Denise Majette, U.S. Representative Republican Johnny Isakson, U.S. Representative Herman Cain, former CEO of Godfather's Pizza Mac Collins, U.S. Representative Campaign Majette's announcement that she would seek to replace Miller also caught Democrats by surprise, as she was not on anyone's call list when Democrats began seeking a candidate to replace Miller. Further skepticism among Democrats about the viability of her candidacy surfaced when she announced that "God" had told her to run for the Senate. She received important endorsements from U.S. Senators Mary Landrieu of Louisiana and Debbie Stabenow of Michigan, along with many others in Washington who campaigned and raised money for Majette. Her Senate campaign slogan was "I'll be nobody's Senator, but yours." A number of factors led to Majette's loss. These include her late start, her valuable time and money spent in the runoff, larger conservative turnout from a proposed constitutional amendment banning same-sex marriages (which Majette opposed), the popularity of President George W. Bush in Georgia, and her lack of experience (being a one-term congresswoman). Debates Complete video of debate, October 31, 2004 Results References Category:2004 Georgia (U.S. state) elections Georgia 2004

Schott Schott may refer to: Schott (surname) Schott Dscherid Salt Plain near Nafta, Tunisia Schott AG, a German glass products manufacturer Schott frères, a Belgium music publisher, now part of Schott Music Schott Music, a German music publisher Schott NYC, a New York clothing company The Jerome Schottenstein Center ("Schott"), a multi-purpose arena in Columbus, Ohio, United States 5312 Schott (1981 VP2), a main-belt asteroid

Robert Hugh Willoughby Robert Hugh Willoughby (June 6, 1921 – March 27, 2018) was an American classical flute player and flute teacher. He played both Baroque and modern flute. He has been described by Flute magazine as the "American grandmaster of the flute". Willoughby taught for many years at Oberlin College, where he was the first Robert Wheeler Professor of Performance. He taught for ten years at the Peabody Institute, and later at the Longy School of Music of Bard College. He received the Alumni Achievement Award from Eastman School of Music and in 1996 he received a Lifetime Achievement Award from the National Flute Association. Students Among his many students is the jazz flute player Paul Horn. Selected discography The Oberlin Woodwind Quintet: Robert Willoughby, flute James Caldwell, oboe Lawrence McDonald, clarinet Robert Fries, french horn Kenneth Moore, bassoon Saturday, January 14, 1984 8:00 p.m. in Hamman Hall, Rice University Digital Scholarship Archive http://scholarship.rice.edu/handle/1911/76867 Personal life He married author Elaine Macmann Willoughby in 1957. Publications "The Flute Practice Techniques", Conn-Selmer Keynotes, 1974. References Further reading and listening “Robert Willoughby – Seeking Variety” (interview with William Montgomery). Flute Talk (October 1984): 2-6. “Robert Willoughby: Combining the Best of Schools” (interview with Kerry Walker). Flute Talk (December 1994): 8-10. "From Mariano and Kincaid to Decades of Fine Teaching" (interview with Vanessa Mulvey and Vanessa Holroyd). Flute Talk (February 2001): 18-20 Jictoria Jicha, "Robert Willoughby Combines the Wisdom of Three Masters". Flute Talk (November 2003): 4-11. Leonard L. Garrison, "Happy Birthday, Bob: A Tribute to Robert Willoughby" The Flutist Quarterly XXVI (2, Winter 2001): 57-61 Leonard L. Garrison, "90th Birthday Celebration for Robert Willoughby". Flute Talk 31 (4, December 2011): 12-13 "A Conversation with Robert Willoughby" (interview with Patricia George). Flute Talk 31 (4, December 2011): 14-17 Aralee Dorough, "Robert Willoughby: The Next Decade". The Flutist Quarterly XXXVII (4, Summer 2012): 30-33. "Robert Willoughby, Noted Traverso Teacher, Feted at Oberlin". Early Music America 18 (3, Fall 2012): 39 "Robert Willoughby", The Growing Bolder Radio Network (June 22 2014) Leela Breithaupt, Katherine Borst Jones, "Robert Willoughby 95 Lessons". Flute Talk 36 (September 2016): 24-27 External links https://www.flickr.com/photos/oberlin/6280583505/ http://robertwilloughby.com/ http://www.bostonrecords.com/robert-willoughby-1/ Category:American classical flautists Category:1921 births Category:2018 deaths Category:Eastman School of Music alumni Category:Oberlin College faculty Category:Peabody Institute faculty Category:Longy School of Music of Bard College faculty Category:New England Conservatory alumni Category:20th-century classical musicians Category:20th-century American musicians Category:21st-century classical musicians Category:21st-century American musicians Category:United States Army Air Forces pilots of World War II