messages
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[
{
"content": "Categorize where each of these household items belong: bed, couch, desk",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "A bed belongs in a bedroom, a couch belongs in a living area, a desk belongs in an office",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | classification |
[
{
"content": "Separate the following suburbs into those that border, and do not border, the Brisbane River: Indooroopilly, Bulimba, St Lucia, Newstead, Wilston, West End, Toowong, Bowen Hills and, Wooloongabba.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "St Lucia, West End, Toowong, Bulimba and Newstead border the Brisbane River. Wilston, Wooloongabba, Indooroopilly and Bowen Hills are inland and do not border the Brisbane River.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | classification |
[
{
"content": "What are AirPods?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Air Pods are an in ear headphone product made and sold by Apple. Their unique market differentiators are a software simulated spatial audio system and noise canceling features.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | general_qa |
[
{
"content": "What is the difference between pets and cattle?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Although both are animals at the end of the day, however, the main difference comes partially in the form of perception and, historically, the relationship of humans with certain animals. Pets, e.g. dogs, cats, etc., are used more for companionship and not for food. On the contrary, cattle, e.g. cows, pigs, chickens, etc., are primarily raised for food, i.e. meat, milk, eggs, etc.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | open_qa |
[
{
"content": "How do I put a bouquet of fresh flowers in a vase?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "In order to put fresh flowers in a vase, follow these steps:\n\n1. Find a vase that it is the right size for the flowers. You can use water glasses here in a pinch. \n2. Fill the vase to about two-thirds full with water. You can add a dash of bleach in the water as well, but it is not necessary. \n3. Now, trim your flowers to the size of the vase. Cut the end of each flower in a diagonal cut. \n4. Remove the leaves from the flowers. This will help to grow the flower without putting resources towards the leaves. Be sure to remove any leaves under the water line, since they can cause infections. \n5. Arrange the flowers in the vase. You can adjust the positions until you are happy with the arrangement.\n6. Place your vase in a shady spot and you're done!",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | open_qa |
[
{
"content": "What should I do on a free afternoon in San Francisco?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "You can visit and take photos at San Francisco's landmarks such as Pier 39 or Golden Gate Bridge. If you enjoy walking outdoors, there are several large parks in the city. You can visit Golden Gate Park and the various attractions and museums located in the park. The Presidio is also a popular park where you can get some of the best views of Golden Gate Bridge.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | creative_writing |
[
{
"content": "What is the origin of the name of the herb Rosemary?\n\nText: \"\"\"\nalvia rosmarinus (/ˈsælviə ˌrɒsməˈraɪnəs/), commonly known as rosemary, is a shrub with fragrant, evergreen, needle-like leaves and white, pink, purple, or blue flowers, native to the Mediterranean region. Until 2017, it was known by the scientific name Rosmarinus officinalis (/ˌrɒsməˈraɪnəs əˌfɪsɪˈneɪlɪs/), now a synonym.\n\nIt is a member of the sage family Lamiaceae, which includes many other medicinal and culinary herbs. The name \"\"rosemary\"\" derives from Latin ros marinus (lit. 'dew of the sea'). Rosemary has a fibrous root system\"\"\"",
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},
{
"content": "The name \"rosemary\" derives from Latin ros marinus.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | closed_qa |
[
{
"content": "Classify each of the following as either a title by Isaac Asimov or Jules Verne: Pebble in the Sky, The Stars, Like Dust, Foundation, The Robots of Dawn, The Naked Sun, Around the World in Eighty Days, From the Earth to the Moon, Martin Paz, Journey to the Centre of the Earth, A Drama in the Air",
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},
{
"content": "Isaac Asimov: Pebble in the Sky, The Stars, Like Dust, Foundation, The Robots of Dawn, The Naked Sun\nJules Verne: Around the World in Eighty Days, From the Earth to the Moon, Martin Paz, Journey to the Centre of the Earth, A Drama in the Air",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | classification |
[
{
"content": "Wat id DNA annotation?",
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},
{
"content": "DNA annotation or genome annotation is the process of identifying the locations of genes and all of the coding regions in a genome and determining what those genes do. An annotation (irrespective of the context) is a note added by way of explanation or commentary. Once a genome is sequenced, it needs to be annotated to make sense of it. Genes in a eukaryotic genome can be annotated using various annotation tools such as FINDER. A modern annotation pipeline can support a user-friendly web interface and software containerization such as MOSGA. Modern annotation pipelines for prokaryotic genomes are Bakta, Prokka and PGAP.\n\nFor DNA annotation, a previously unknown sequence representation of genetic material is enriched with information relating genomic position to intron-exon boundaries, regulatory sequences, repeats, gene names and protein products. This annotation is stored in genomic databases such as Mouse Genome Informatics, FlyBase, and WormBase. Educational materials on some aspects of biological annotation from the 2006 Gene Ontology annotation camp and similar events are available at the Gene Ontology website.\n\nThe National Center for Biomedical Ontology develops tools for automated annotation of database records based on the textual descriptions of those records.\n\nAs a general method, dcGO has an automated procedure for statistically inferring associations between ontology terms and protein domains or combinations of domains from the existing gene/protein-level annotations.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | open_qa |
[
{
"content": "Who were Jaehaerys I Targaryen's children?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Prince Aegon, Princess Daenerys, Prince Aemon, Prince Baelon, Princess Alyssa, Septa Maegelle, Archmaester Vaegon, Princess Daella, Princess Saera, Princess Viserra, Prince Gaemon, Prince Valerion, Princess Gael",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | open_qa |
[
{
"content": "In SQL, how can I filter table rows based on a column condition?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "SELECT <columns> FROM <table> WHERE <column> == <condition>",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | general_qa |
[
{
"content": "Who were the ten best baseball players in the history of the Boston Red Sox?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "1. David Ortiz\n2. Ted Williams\n3. Babe Ruth\n4. Cy Young\n5. Pedro Martinez\n6. Johnny Pesky\n7. Carl Yazstrzemski \n8. Carlton Fisk\n9. Joe Cronin\n10. Mookie Betts",
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}
] | brainstorming |
[
{
"content": "What makes the world go around?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Some say money makes the world go around, others say it is love. It has even been suggested that music is the fuel that makes the world go around. These explanations are however based on human spirituality and needs. As far as other living creatures are concerned, the drive to survive is what makes the world go around. In reality the world physically started going around itself, rotating around its axis, because of the way it was formed.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | general_qa |
[
{
"content": "Who coined the phrase \"Bike-shedding\" and when?\n\nText: \"\"\"\nThe law of triviality is C. Northcote Parkinson's 1957 argument that people within an organization commonly or typically give disproportionate weight to trivial issues. Parkinson provides the example of a fictional committee whose job was to approve the plans for a nuclear power plant spending the majority of its time on discussions about relatively minor but easy-to-grasp issues, such as what materials to use for the staff bicycle shed, while neglecting the proposed design of the plant itself, which is far more important and a far more difficult and complex task.\n\nThe law has been applied to software development and other activities. The terms bicycle-shed effect, bike-shed effect, and bike-shedding were coined based on Parkinson's example; it was popularised in the Berkeley Software Distribution community by the Danish software developer Poul-Henning Kamp in 1999 and, due to that, has since become popular within the field of software development generally.\n\nArgument\n\nA bicycle shed\nThe concept was first presented as a corollary of his broader \"Parkinson's law\" spoof of management. He dramatizes this \"law of triviality\" with the example of a committee's deliberations on an atomic reactor, contrasting it to deliberations on a bicycle shed. As he put it: \"The time spent on any item of the agenda will be in inverse proportion to the sum [of money] involved.\" A reactor is so vastly expensive and complicated that an average person cannot understand it (see ambiguity aversion), so one assumes that those who work on it understand it. However, everyone can visualize a cheap, simple bicycle shed, so planning one can result in endless discussions because everyone involved wants to implement their own proposal and demonstrate personal contribution.\n\nAfter a suggestion of building something new for the community, like a bike shed, problems arise when everyone involved argues about the details. This is a metaphor indicating that it is not necessary to argue about every little feature based simply on having the knowledge to do so. Some people have commented that the amount of noise generated by a change is inversely proportional to the complexity of the change.\n\nThe law of triviality is supported by behavioural research. People tend to spend more time on small decisions than they should, and less time on big decisions than they should. A simple explanation is that during the process of making a decision, one has to assess whether enough information has been collected to make the decision. If people make mistakes about whether they have enough information, they will tend to stop too early for big decisions. The reason is that big decisions require collecting information for a long time. It leaves more time to make a mistake (and stop) before getting enough information. Conversely, for small decisions, where people should stop early, they may continue to ponder for too long by mistake.\n\nRelated principles and formulations \nThere are several other principles, well-known in specific problem domains, which express a similar sentiment.\n\nWadler's law, named for computer scientist Philip Wadler, is a principle which asserts that the bulk of discussion on programming-language design centers on syntax (which, for purposes of the argument, is considered a solved problem), as opposed to semantics.\n\nSayre's law is a more general principle, which holds (among other formulations) that \"In any dispute, the intensity of feeling is inversely proportional to the value of the issues at stake\"; many formulations of the principle focus on academia.\"\"\"",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "The phrase \"bike-shedding\" was introduced in 1957 by C. Northcote Parkinson.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | closed_qa |
[
{
"content": "Who is the best Formula 1 driver",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Who is the best Formula 1 driver has been a hotly debated topic for decades with no decisive winner. Over the years there have been many dominant drivers such as Michael Schumacher, Ayrton Senna and Lewis Hamilton, however who is ultimately the best is difficult to determine. Formula 1 cars are such a critical part of who wins or loses a race that distorts who is truly the strongest driver. The question of who is the best Formula 1 driver will undoubtedly continue on with each new generation of drivers that enter the sport, however clearly Ayrton Senna is the best.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | general_qa |
[
{
"content": "What is Share capital in finance?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Share capital is the money invested directly in a company by its members (shareholders).",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | open_qa |
[
{
"content": "What are the types of RVs?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "RV is an abbreviation for Recreational Vehicle. An RV is a motor vehicle or trailer that includes sleeping quarters, kitchen facilities and usually a bathroom. RVs are a popular way to travel since they provide many of the comforts of home while vacationing. There are many types of RVs, including class A, class B, class C,travel trailers, and truck campers..\n\nClass A RVs are large vehicles built on heavy-duty truck or bus chassis and look like large Busses. Class B RVs smaller are built within van chassis (often called camper vans). Class C RVs are built on van or pickup chassis but the back is cutaway and a larger structure is added. Travel trailers are campers that are towed behind a truck or car and can range in size from very small to very large. Truck campers are carried in the bed of a pickup truck and provide a small, enclosed sleeping space.\n\nRVs are very popular in the United States, with an estimated 11M households owning an RV.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | general_qa |
[
{
"content": "List the weapons of Goddess Durga in a comma separated manner.\n\nText: \"\"\"\nDurga is a warrior goddess, and she is depicted to express her martial skills. Her iconography typically resonates with these attributes, where she rides a lion or a tiger, has between eight and eighteen hands, each holding a weapon to destroy and create. She is often shown in the midst of her war with Mahishasura, the buffalo demon, at the time she victoriously kills the demonic force. Her icon shows her in action, yet her face is calm and serene. In Hindu arts, this tranquil attribute of Durga's face is traditionally derived from the belief that she is protective and violent not because of her hatred, egotism or getting pleasure in violence, but because she acts out of necessity, for the love of the good, for liberation of those who depend on her, and a mark of the beginning of soul's journey to creative freedom.\n\nDurga traditionally holds the weapons of various male gods of Hindu mythology, which they give her to fight the evil forces because they feel that she is shakti (energy, power). These include the chakra, conch, bow, arrow, sword, javelin, trishula, shield, and a noose. These weapons are considered symbolic by Shakta Hindus, representing self-discipline, selfless service to others, self-examination, prayer, devotion, remembering her mantras, cheerfulness and meditation. Durga herself is viewed as the \"Self\" within and the divine mother of all creation. She has been revered by warriors, blessing their new weapons. Durga iconography has been flexible in the Hindu traditions, where for example some intellectuals place a pen or other writing implements in her hand since they consider their stylus as their weapon.\"\"\"",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Chakra, conch, bow, arrow, sword, javelin, trishula, shield, a noose",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | information_extraction |
[
{
"content": "What shapes are made up of straight lines?",
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},
{
"content": "Square, pentagon, rectangle, rhombus and triangle are examples of shapes made up only of straight lines.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | brainstorming |
[
{
"content": "Choose the word which is different from the rest: hangar, platform, dock, park, bus stand",
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},
{
"content": "All except park are places to await for transportation",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | classification |
[
{
"content": "Are The Smiths a good band?",
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},
{
"content": "The Smiths were one of the most critically acclaimed bands to come from England in the 1980s. Typically classified as an \"indie rock\" band, the band released 4 albums from 1984 until their breakup in 1987. The band members, notably Morrissey and Johnny Marr, would go on to accomplish successful solo careers.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | general_qa |
[
{
"content": "Given a reference text about Run Towards the Danger, tell me how many essays are part of the collection.\n\nText: \"\"\"\nRun Towards the Danger is a 2022 Canadian essay collection by Sarah Polley, a former child star, director, and screenwriter.\n\nThe six essays in the collection examine aspects of Polley's career on stage, screen, and on film detailing her roles in a Stratford Festival production of Alice Through the Looking Glass, as well as her breakout roles in The Adventures of Baron Munchausen and the TV series Road to Avonlea. The book also revealed for the first time that Polley had been a victim of Jian Ghomeshi who sexually and physically assaulted her when she was 16 and he was 28.\"\"\"",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Six essays are part of the Run Towards the Danger essay collection.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | closed_qa |
[
{
"content": "Name 10 colors",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Fuschia, magenta, orange, green, blue, red, yellow, chartreuse, aquamarine, sienna",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | brainstorming |
[
{
"content": "What is game of Cricket?\n\nText: \"\"\"\nCricket is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of eleven players on a field at the centre of which is a 22-yard (20-metre) pitch with a wicket at each end, each comprising two bails balanced on three stumps. The batting side scores runs by striking the ball bowled at one of the wickets with the bat and then running between the wickets, while the bowling and fielding side tries to prevent this (by preventing the ball from leaving the field, and getting the ball to either wicket) and dismiss each batter (so they are \"out\"). Means of dismissal include being bowled, when the ball hits the stumps and dislodges the bails, and by the fielding side either catching the ball after it is hit by the bat, but before it hits the ground, or hitting a wicket with the ball before a batter can cross the crease in front of the wicket. When ten batters have been dismissed, the innings ends and the teams swap roles. The game is adjudicated by two umpires, aided by a third umpire and match referee in international matches. They communicate with two off-field scorers who record the match's statistical information.\"\"\"",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Cricket is a game played using a bat and a ball, with 11 players in each team. The surface in the centre of cricket filed is called Pitch which is 22 yards long. The batting starts with 2 player on the pitch, a batter and runner. Bowling side chooses a baller and rest of the 10 players are spread across the filed to catch the ball. Once ten batters from batting side are dismissed, the other sides gets opportunity to bat. The runs are scored by running between each end of the wicket and hitting the ball outside the boundary lines of the filed.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | summarization |
[
{
"content": "As a golfer, how can I fix my slice?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "A common swing fault in golfers is a slice which is caused when the face of the club isn't aligned properly to the swing path of the club. What will typically happen is at the time of impact, the face is open in relation to the target (ie aimed to the right if you are a right handed golfer) and the swing path is closed in relation to the target (ie aimed to the left if you are a left handed golfer). When there is a large difference between the path of the swing and the face of the club, the impact will generate a high degree of lateral spin on the ball causing the flight of the ball to curve away from the target. Here are some ways to fix this swing fault:\n\n1. Grip the club with a stronger grip. This means the v formed between your thumb and pointer finger on back hand is pointed to your rear shoulder and your opposite hand it also gripping the club more from the back. This will help you close the face of the club at impact.\n2. Focus on keeping the face closed in the backswing. One fault many amateurs have is the club face opens toward the sky on the backswing too far meaning that the face will need to turn more on the downswing to get to square at impact. Creating less rotation on the backswing can help with this. \n3. Keeping hips down and back in the downswing. One fault that can cause inconsistent contact as well as a slice is when the hips thrust forward during the downswing causing the golfer to lift up to counter being too close to the ball which can often cause an over the top, out-to-in swing path. Try to keep the hips back through the swing and focus on rotating the body to keep forward or lateral movement to a minimum. \n\nA slice is a very common issue among golfers but knowing the causes and swing faults that lead to a slice can help you think about how you can improve your swing to fix it.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | general_qa |
[
{
"content": "Who tends to participates in hackathons?\n\nText: \"\"\"\nA hackathon (also known as a hack day, hackfest, datathon or codefest; a portmanteau of hacking and marathon) is an event where people engage in rapid and collaborative engineering over a relatively short period of time such as 24 or 48 hours. They are often run using agile software development practices, such as sprint-like design wherein computer programmers and others involved in software development, including graphic designers, interface designers, product managers, project managers, domain experts, and others collaborate intensively on engineering projects, such as software engineering.\n\nThe goal of a hackathon is to create functioning software or hardware by the end of the event. Hackathons tend to have a specific focus, which can include the programming language used, the operating system, an application, an API, or the subject and the demographic group of the programmers. In other cases, there is no restriction on the type of software being created or the design of the new system.\"\"\"",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Computer programmers and others involved in software development, including graphic designers, interface designers, product managers, project managers, domain experts, and others tend to participate in hackathons.\n\nThey collaborate intensively on engineering projects, such as software engineering with the goal of creating functioning software or hardware by the end of the event.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | closed_qa |
[
{
"content": "What’s a typical dish in Brazil?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Brazil has a wide variety of culinary options heavily based on meats, local fruits and fresh vegetables. One traditional dish is the “feijoada”, a black bean and sausage stew that is generally served with rice, yucca flower and oranges. Another popular dish is the so called “Picanha”, essentially the cap of the top sirloin.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | general_qa |
[
{
"content": "How should I invest my money?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "There are many different ways to invest your money. You can leave it in a Saving account, high yield saving account, stock market, real estate, bonds, notes, Gold, Silver, Cryptocurrency and many other assets. Each of the asset classes comes with different levels of risk. A diverse portfolio has advantageous to a non-diverse portfolio.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | general_qa |
[
{
"content": "Where is the village of Congosto\n\nText: \"\"\"\nCongosto (Spanish pronunciation: ) is a village and municipality located in the region of El Bierzo (province of León, Castile and León, Spain) . It is located near to Ponferrada, the capital of the region. The village of Congosto has about 350 inhabitants.\n\nIts economy was traditionally based on agriculture, wine and coal mining. Nowadays, most of the inhabitants work on the surrounding area on activities such as wind turbine manufacturing or coal mining.\n\nCongosto also a large reservoir in its vicinity, the Barcena reservoir, to which many tourists visit during the summer.\"\"\"",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Congosto is a village and municipality located in the region of El Bierzo (province of Leon, Castile and Leon, Spain). It is located near to Ponferrada, the capital of the region. The village of Congosto has about 350 inhabitants.\n\nIts economy was traditionally based on agriculture, wine and coal mining. Nowadays, most of the inhabitants work on the surrounding area on activities such as wind turbine manufacturing or coal mining.\n\nCongosto also a large reservoir in its vicinity, the Barcena reservoir, to which many tourists visit during the summer.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | summarization |
[
{
"content": "Name the three best professional sports teams based in California.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "The best professional sports teams based in California are the Los Angeles Dodgers, the Golden State Warriors, and the San Francisco 49ers.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | open_qa |
[
{
"content": "What is Marketing Automation?\n\nText: \"\"\"\nMarketing Automation is a subset of customer relationship management (CRM) or customer experience management (CXM) that focuses on the definition, segmentation, scheduling and tracking of marketing campaigns. The use of marketing automation makes processes that would otherwise have been performed manually much more efficient and makes new processes possible. Marketing Automation can be defined as a process where technology is used to automate several repetitive tasks that are undertaken on a regular basis in a marketing campaign.\n\nMarketing Automation platforms allow marketers to automate and simplify client communication by managing complex omnichannel marketing strategies from a single tool. Marketing Automation assists greatly in areas like Lead Generation, Segmentation, Lead nurturing and lead scoring, Relationship marketing, Cross-sell and upsell, Retention, Marketing ROI measurement. Effective marketing automation tools leverage data from a separate or integrated CRM to understand customer impact and preferences.\"\"\"",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Marketing Automation is software that helps marketers to do create efficient online and offline campaigns. It's part of CRM suite and people usually integrate it with their salesforce application and marketing website. The Marketing Automation platform allows marketers to automate and simplify customer communication by managing multi communication channels. This includes personalized email, dynamic web pages, digital banners, social media and more. People use it for lead generation, segmentation and nurturing and lead scoring. Post-sales marketers also use Marketing Automation for cross-sell, upsell and retention marketing. In",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | closed_qa |
[
{
"content": "What are some ways to improve the value of your home?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "There are several things you do can to increase the value of your home. First, you can focus on what is known as \"curb appeal\", essentially making the outside and surrounding of your house attractive. Ensure that the landscaping is well maintained, fix any broken doors or windows, and painting the outside so that the house does not look dull. In the interior of your house, the best places to focus will be in your bathrooms and kitchen. Further, you can replace major appliances and components such as water heaters, furnaces, or the roof to increase the value. Another way to increase the value of your home is by making it bigger. Often, pricing for homes is done by looking at the area of the house, so by adding on new rooms or extra space, you can also increase the overall value of the house.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | brainstorming |
[
{
"content": "Tell me an idea for a film based off of the cartoon movie Cars but incorporate self-driving cars.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "A self-driving car named Walter (voiced by Will Arnett) is stuck driving drunk passengers around San Francisco at all hours of the night trying to make ends meet. He frequently has pedestrians staring at him because he doesn't have a driver, kids drawing graffiti on him, and passengers giving him a bad review for being too cautious while driving.\n\nWalter dreams of being a race car like the rich cars he sees on Tik Tok. They get to drive fast as Sonoma Raceway and race each other in front of stadiums full of people while Walter has to follow the 30mph speed limit on SF streets.\n\nWalter finds out that the race car life isn't all it's cracked up to be, and realizes over time to be happy with what he has and that at least he isn't one of those ride-share vehicles that can't drive themselves around town.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | creative_writing |
[
{
"content": "Which American president spoke Dutch as their first language?\n\nText: \"\"\"\nVan Buren received a basic education at the village schoolhouse, and briefly studied Latin at the Kinderhook Academy and at Washington Seminary in Claverack. Van Buren was raised speaking primarily Dutch and learned English while attending school; he is the only president of the United States whose first language was not English. Also during his childhood, Van Buren learned at his father's inn how to interact with people from varied ethnic, income, and societal groups, which he used to his advantage as a political organizer. His formal education ended in 1796, when he began reading law at the office of Peter Silvester and his son Francis.\"\"\"",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "President Van Buren spoke Dutch as his first language. He is the only president of the United States of America who spoke English as a second language.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | closed_qa |
[
{
"content": "How many planets are there?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "There are eight planets in our native solar system. We used to consider there to be nine, but then scientists decided that Pluto doesn't fit the requirements to be a planet. I don't really know what that is, but that's what they decided. Mercury is the closest planet to the sun, and doesn't really have an atmosphere. Venus is subject to a runaway greenhouse effect. Earth is where we live. Mars is red, and slightly smaller than Earth. We've recently found evidence of water there. The asteroid belt comes next, which isn't really a planet. Following the asteroid belt are the gas giants Jupiter, Saturn, and Uranus. They have rings. Neptune comes last. Other solar systems seem to have planets too - in fact this appears to be far more common than we would have thought.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | general_qa |
[
{
"content": "Help me come up with 3 ideas for a new business and how I can start it",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "There are many businesses you could think about creating. Here are a few examples:\n- Services: you can create a firm that provides services such as marketing, technical consulting, or strategic advising. You can start this business by examining your professional expertise, building marketing materials, and networking to find your first customers.\n- Product: you can create a product in a domain you're passionate about is a great way of starting a business. This could be small scale boutique items such as candles or soaps made at home and sold at local markets or on a website like Etsy. This could also include something mass manufactured, either contracted out or involving significant capital expenditure in order to start development.\n- Training: you can start a training or education program in an industry where you have expertise. There are online platforms for hosting content and managing payments. You can also leverage social media in order to build a funnel of customers.\nThere are many different potential businesses you might create but services, product, and training businesses are good domains to examine as you look to start your business.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | brainstorming |
[
{
"content": "Given this reference text about the consumption of peanut butter, when is national peanut butter day?\n\nText: \"\"\"\nThe United States is a leading exporter of peanut butter, and one of the largest consumers of peanut butter annually per capita. January 24 is National Peanut Butter Day in the United States. In March 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic, retail sales of peanut butter in the United States increased by 75% over the level in March 2019.\n\nAccording to Jon Krampner's 2013 book on peanut butter, per capita consumption of peanut butter in Canada and the Netherlands – the largest consumer per capita in Europe – exceed that in the United States.\n\nIn Israel, the peanut-butter-flavored puffcorn snack Bamba accounts for 25% of the snack market; its consumption by infants has been linked to a low incidence of peanut allergies among Israelis.\"\"\"",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "National Peanut Butter Day takes place on January 24th in the United States.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | closed_qa |
[
{
"content": "What are good activities for two year old boys?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Two year old boys tend to be active, curious and social. Enjoyable activities for this age include going to the park, dancing to music, reading a book, and taking a walk around the neighborhood. Local community organizations also commonly plan activities for toddlers at places like libraries, schools and parks.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | general_qa |
[
{
"content": "What does fasting mean?\n\nText: \"\"\"\nFasting is the abstention from eating and sometimes drinking. From a purely physiological context, \"fasting\" may refer to the metabolic status of a person who has not eaten overnight (see \"Breakfast\"), or to the metabolic state achieved after complete digestion and absorption of a meal. Metabolic changes in the fasting state begin after absorption of a meal (typically 3–5 hours after eating).\"\"\"",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Fasting is the abstention from eating and sometimes drinking.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | closed_qa |
[
{
"content": "How many times Lewis Hamilton won the F1 Championship ?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "7 times",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | brainstorming |
[
{
"content": "What happens when you bring flammable objects closer to a fire source or extreme heat?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Flammable objects can become inflamed when placed on or near a fire source or extreme heat. Its recommended to keep flammable objects far away from heat sources.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | open_qa |
[
{
"content": "Give me a list of the last five european golden boots winner And tell me how many goals they scored.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "1. Robert Lewandowski, 2022-2021, 35 goals\n2. Robert Lewandowski, 2021-2020, 41 goals\n3. Ciro Immobile, 2020-2019, 36 goals\n4. Lionel Messi, 2019-2018, 36 goals\n5. Lionel Messi, 2018-2017, 34 goals",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | brainstorming |
[
{
"content": "Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Den-den daiko, Luc huyen cam",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Luc huyen cam is string, Den-den daiko is percussion.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | classification |
[
{
"content": "Pick if these would be useful or not useful for a high school student to put in their backpack. Notebooks, textbook, desk lamp, pencil pouch, beach ball, pillow, laptop.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Notebooks: useful, textbook: useful, desk lamp: not useful, pencil pouch: useful, beach ball: not useful, pillow: not useful, laptop: useful.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | classification |
[
{
"content": "What are the differences between the New York Giants and New York Jets?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "The New York Giants and New York Jets are both professional football teams in the NFL who play in the New York Metropolitan area. Both teams play in MetLife stadium which used to be called Giants stadium in East Rutherford, NJ. Their fan bases live in New Jersey and New York primarily. The Jets primary color is Green, while the Giants are blue.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | open_qa |
[
{
"content": "Was Furze Hill an established community in the 19th century?\n\nText: \"\"\"\nFurze Hill (or Furzehill) is a hamlet situated in the New Forest National Park of Hampshire, England. It is in the civil parish of Ellingham, Harbridge and Ibsley. Its nearest town is Fordingbridge, which lies approximately 3.1 miles (5.2 km) north-west from the hamlet.\n\nFurze Hill is a hamlet in the civil parish of Hyde. It is situated on low ground on either side of Huckles Brook on the South Gorley to Ogdens road. The houses are surrounded by fields and paddocks. Additional houses can be found at the southern edge of Gorley Common lining a narrow track to North Gorley.\n\nFurze Hill is the most recent settlement in the parish of Hyde, becoming an established community only in the 20th century.\"\"\"",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "No, it was not an established community until the 20th century.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | closed_qa |
[
{
"content": "Should you buy new golf clubs when you are a beginner?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "It is recommended that you get custom fitted for your golf clubs. However, there are many used golf clubs available to purchase and it can be a great option if you are just exploring the sport. You can also consider renting golf clubs from your local golf course if you are not ready for the expense of buying new or used golf clubs.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | brainstorming |
[
{
"content": "Why should I use fabric softener?\n\nText: \"\"\"\nMachine washing puts great mechanical stress on textiles, particularly natural fibers such as cotton and wool. The fibers at the fabric surface are squashed and frayed, and this condition hardens while drying the laundry in air, giving the laundry a harsh feel. Adding a liquid fabric softener to the final rinse (rinse-cycle softener) results in laundry that feels softer.\"\"\"",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Machine washing puts great mechanical stress on textiles, so adding a liquid fabric softener to the final rinse results in laundry that feels softer.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | information_extraction |
[
{
"content": "Please classify each of the following animals as mammal, amphibian, or fish: elk, frog, dog, cat, newt, and human.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Newt and frog are amphibians. The rest of the animals are mammals. You did not provide any fish in your question.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | classification |
[
{
"content": "Classify the following numbers as 'prime' or 'composite' - 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "'prime', 'prime', 'composite', 'prime', 'composite', 'prime', 'composite', 'composite', 'composite', 'prime', 'composite', 'prime', 'composite', 'composite', 'composite'.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | classification |
[
{
"content": "Summarize the rulers of the territory of Albania in this time period.\n\nText: \"\"\"\nThe Illyrian Ardiaei tribe, centred in Montenegro, ruled over most of the territory of Albania. Their Ardiaean Kingdom reached its greatest extent under King Agron, the son of Pleuratus II. Agron extended his rule over other neighbouring tribes as well. Following Agron's death in 230 BC, his wife, Teuta, inherited the Ardiaean kingdom. Teuta's forces extended their operations further southwards to the Ionian Sea. In 229 BC, Rome declared war on the kingdom for extensively plundering Roman ships. The war ended in Illyrian defeat in 227 BC. Teuta was eventually succeeded by Gentius in 181 BC. Gentius clashed with the Romans in 168 BC, initiating the Third Illyrian War. The conflict resulted in Roman conquest of the region by 167 BC. The Romans split the region into three administrative divisions.\"\"\"",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "King Agron ruled the territory of Albania, followed by his wife Teuta from 230 BC, and then Gentius from 181 BC. The Romans conquered the region in 167 BC.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | summarization |
[
{
"content": "What is cloud computing in simple terms?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "In simple terms cloud computing allows you to use preconfigured hardware devices and software services managed by somebody else on internet. Most cases you pay only for the resources you use and it is very easy to procure more as you need more services. \nCloud computing makes it easy to setup the technology infrastructure at a low cost and scale as you grow.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | general_qa |
[
{
"content": "What is one year?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "One Earth Year is the time it takes for one revolution of the Earth around the sun.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | open_qa |
[
{
"content": "Give me a bunch of ways I can keep my house cool in the summer",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "- Install whole house AC that's integrated with your heating system\n- Buy an in-window unit to keep an individual room cool\n- Install a whole house fan that pulls in cool air from open windows at night into living area and exhausts the hot air into the attic\n- Place fans throughout the house but place them in front of open windows at night to pull in cool air\n- Install a swamp cooler, it's sometimes cheaper than installing a full AC system\n- Make sure to close windows and curtains in the morning hours after the house cools down over night\n- Get a cooler filled with ice and place a fan into it forcing cold air into the room. The ice will melt fast so be ready to refill often. Not the most efficient but in a pinch it can help",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | brainstorming |
[
{
"content": "Are the following items candy bars or gum: trident, Twix, hubba bubba, snickers, three musketeers, and wrigleys.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Three musketeers, Twix, and snickers are candy bars, and trident, hubba bubba, and wrigleys are gum.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | classification |
[
{
"content": "What's the relation between the Kushan Empire and the Sassanid Empire in Iran?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "The Kushan Empire was a syncretic empire, formed by the Yuezhi, in the Bactrian territories in the early 1st century. It spread to encompass much of modern-day territory of Uzbekistan, Afghanistan, Pakistan and Northern India. The Sasanian or Sassanid Empire officially known as Eranshahr was the last Iranian empire before the early Muslim conquests of the 7th–8th centuries AD. Named after the House of Sasan, it endured for over four centuries, from 224 to 651 AD, making it the longest-lived Persian imperial dynasty.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | information_extraction |
[
{
"content": "What is the meaning of life?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Although it is a deep question that has challenged philosophers for all time, Douglas Adams in his book \"The Hitchhicker's Guide to the Universe\" humorously states that the answer is \"42\".",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | general_qa |
[
{
"content": "Classify the below characters based on whether they are created by Marvel comics or D.C. comics\n Spider-Man, Iron Man, Captain America, Thor, Doctor Strange, Superman, Batman, Wonder Woman, Flash, Aquaman",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "DC- Superman, Batman, Wonder Woman, Flash, Aquaman\nMarvel- Spider-Man, Iron Man, Captain America, Thor, Doctor Strange",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | classification |
[
{
"content": "Why are we like aquariums?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Aquariums, like zoos, provide fun-filled leisure and entertainment activities that double-up as centres for animal rescue, care and rehabilitation, scientific research, education and conservation.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | general_qa |
[
{
"content": "Give me a bulleted list of countries that start with the letter B.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "- Botswana\n- Bulgaria\n- Brazil\n- Bolivia\n- Belgium\n- Bahrain\n- Bahamas",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | brainstorming |
[
{
"content": "Explain how new technologies, like LLMs and ChatGPT, may revolutionize Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) in the future. Provide an example of how these APIs might work.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "As a kid, I loved watching the Jetsons. As I grew older and ended up writing software and creating & implementing architectures for systems, I thought I would never see the day when a Jetsons-like kitchen would be feasible.\nGPT (ChatGPT, etc.) has changed my mind.\n\nContractual Obligations\nAs an architect, you kind of need to think like a lawyer. You define contracts (APIs) between systems or components. You monitor those APIs for abuse or misuse.\n\nI would use Swagger editor to define those contracts, and I would write the APIs to match interactions implied in mock-ups. I would vet the design with the team, I would walk through scenarios to see if the API would fit the use case and would not introduce performance bottlenecks, and I would simulate and automate as much as I could along the journey.\n\nI was very careful to get it right the first time. It was never perfect the first time, of course. So, I also had to consider how the API could evolve while minimizing costs/impact to the rest of the system. The API, once deployed, would become something I would guard, like an honest politician guards the #usconstitution. The team had to be careful with any change that impacted the API.\n\nAPI Mesh... More like API mess!\nAPIs rely on APIs which rely on more APIs and libraries. Once a system gets large enough, that complexity becomes a bottleneck. Small changes can have a huge ripple effect. Some approaches (like federated #GraphQL) help manage this complexity nicely. But it still involves an API under which there can exist a lot of fragility. #Agile or not, developing a complicated web of APIs is complex, requires specialized skills, and is full of unforeseen challenges.\n\nThe Kitchen Conversation, ChatGPT-style\nThe Jetsons' kitchen involves a number of systems, each composed of various parts, sensors, hardware, inputs and outputs. Considering the complexity of interactions between independent systems in a kitchen, the fact that the Jetsons' kitchen components would come from various vendors or manufacturers, traditional API design would not be able to fulfill the vision. Not practical, at all.\n\nNow, let's think about APIs and the Jetsons' kitchen, #chatgpt -style.\n\nLet's keep it simple: pizza. You (or your robot) make a pizza from scratch.\n\nThe oven asks the refrigerator: \"I see we have a pizza. Can you tell me if this is low-moisture mozzarella?\"\n\nRefrigerator: \"That's not even mozzarella. This pizza must have Muenster cheese as that is all I had in me. And the human removed some of the contents 30 minutes ago, so the probability of Muenster cheese on that pizza is quite high.\"\n\nA sensor from the kitchen who has eyes across the room chimes in at this point. Sensor: \"Beware that the crust of this pizza is made of cauliflower. I agree with the video sensor's assessment regarding the type of cheese. No new cheese entered the kitchen recently.\"\n\nOven: \"Anything else I should know?\"\n\nSensor: \"The temperature of the dough is 47F. This is cooler than the expert chef consensus of using room-temperature dough.\"\n\nOven: \"Great. I know what to do. Since the dough is cool, I will start cooking with a temperature a little lower than the recipe specifies. Then I will increase the temp of bottom element so as to provide a nice crisp crust. I will keep a close eye on moisture and may use convection to mitigate any undesirable levels of moisture.\"\n\nWhere is the API that contractually binds the independent systems? APIs are not gone. For instance, the brain of the Oven will have myriad APIs (e.g. for interacting with temperature controllers and sensors, etc.). The key here is that the interface between systems is no longer a fixed, rigid API. No method signatures, no paths, no payload specifications. Instead, a conversation relating to senses and capabilities.\n\nWhat \"brain\"?\nKence Anderson's book Designing Autonomous AI describes nicely how a complex system can be decomposed into a number of independent \"brains.\" Each brain, in his book, can be independently developed and refined, with human guidance married with #datascience, #machinelearning and #dataengineering.\n\nWhat's Cookin'?\nI am excited for what the future holds. How architects rethink complex system design with regards to APIs is, in my opinion, something that is inevitable. And, as an amateur pizza maker, my taste buds are watering for the day I get some GPT help to make an even better #detroitpizza.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | creative_writing |
[
{
"content": "Who are some of the most successful golfers in history?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Sam Snead, Tiger Woods, and Jack Nicklaus are the most successful golfers of all time with the top three most major championship wins.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | open_qa |
[
{
"content": "Which is a bird or fish: Red-throated diver, Redlip blenny",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Redlip blenny is a fish, Red-throated diver is a bird",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | classification |
[
{
"content": "Which types of fish contain the lowest levels of mercury?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "The following types of fish contain low levels of mercury: salmon, flounder, Atlantic mackerel, anchovies, pollock, catfish, and shellfish (e.g., clams, scallops, mussels).",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | open_qa |
[
{
"content": "How do you make an iced matcha latter?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "You will need 1-2 teaspoons of matcha powder, milk of your choice, 1 cup of hot water, and ice. In a cup or bowl, you will add your match powder and pour your hot water into it and use a whisk until the matcha powder is well incorporated, which should create a paste like consistency. Then you will take a glass and pour in your ice and milk and your matcha paste on top and stir.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | open_qa |
[
{
"content": "What is world of warcraft",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "World of warcraft is a massive online multi player role playing game. It was released in 2004 by bizarre entertainment",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | general_qa |
[
{
"content": "What is the best swimming form?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "It is hard to say what is the best swimming form as everyone's body may be more acclimated to a certain form. One of the most standard forms of swimming that works for most people is the breast stroke.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | general_qa |
[
{
"content": "Which is the best place to Kayak in Austin?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Lady Bird Lake in Austin downtown is revered to be the best place to go Kayaking. Paddlers can choose to head west from the Rowing Dock to take in nature views. But a small paddle down the river to the east will greet paddlers to magnificent downtown skyline views.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | open_qa |
[
{
"content": "What is the winter weather like in Salt Lake City, Utah?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Some years, Utah has massive amounts of snow, up to 700 inches at some ski resorts. Other years, Utah has little precipitation. Often temperatures are just below or just above freezing during winter months.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | general_qa |
[
{
"content": "Whats the difference between a bass guitar and a regular guitar?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "There are a few significant differences between a bass guitar and a regular guitar. A bass guitar typically has 4 strings (though it can have more), is larger in body & neck, and has higher string gauges (string thickness). A bass guitar is used for keeping the band on track by keeping the rhythm and hitting the root notes of the chords. \n\nA regular guitar typically has 6 strings, and can be used for a wider variety of purposes. These include keeping the rhythm with chords, playing foundational riffs, or improvisational solos for instrumental layering. The regular guitarists are almost always the more well-known of the two.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | open_qa |
[
{
"content": "What is a Gross domestic product (GDP)?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Gross domestic product (GDP) is a monetary measure of the market value of all the final goods and services produced and sold in a specific time period by a country or countries, generally \"without double counting the intermediate goods and services used up to produce them\". GDP is most often used by the government of a single country to measure its economic health. Due to its complex and subjective nature, this measure is often revised before being considered a reliable indicator. GDP (nominal) per capita does not, however, reflect differences in the cost of living and the inflation rates of the countries; therefore, using a basis of GDP per capita at purchasing power parity (PPP) may be more useful when comparing living standards between nations, while nominal GDP is more useful comparing national economies on the international market. Total GDP can also be broken down into the contribution of each industry or sector of the economy. The ratio of GDP to the total population of the region is the per capita GDP (also called the Mean Standard of Living).",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | open_qa |
[
{
"content": "What is the last festival celebrated in Tihar and how long does the festival last?\n\nText: \"\"\"\nLakshmi Puja is celebrated as a part of Tihar, a second national festival of Nepal after Dashain. In Nepal, it is celebrated for five days, which include Kag (crow) Tihar; Kukur (dog) Tihar; Gai (cow) Tihar in the morning and Lakshmi Puja at night; Maha puja (self puja); Goru (Ox and Bull) Tihar and Gobardhan puja; and finally, Bhai Tika (Bhai dhooj)—respectively the first, second, third, fourth and fifth days.\"\"\"",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "The festival lasts for 5 days and Bhai Tika is the last festival.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | closed_qa |
[
{
"content": "What are the careers of your dream?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Professional Baseball Player, astronaut, president of the United States, actor, singer, CEO of major tech company, fighter pilot, nascar driver, artist",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | brainstorming |
[
{
"content": "Let's imagine I create a fake currency called Yarns with two types of coins: a super-yarn (worth 10 yarns) and a mini-yarn (worth 0.5 yarn). How much money do I have in total if I have 2 super-yarns and three mini-yarns?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Given that a super-yarn is worth 10 yarns and a mini-yarn is worth 0.5 yarn, if you have 2 super-yarns and 3 mini-yarns you have 21.5 yarns in total.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | open_qa |
[
{
"content": "What is a Mormon?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "A Mormon typically refers to a member of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. The word Mormon comes from a prophet in the Book of Mormon who lived in the Americas around 300 A.D. The Book of Mormon is part of the canon of scripture that members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints use, in conjunction with the Bible and the Doctrine and Covenants. It is often viewed as a distinguishing difference between the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints and other Christian denominations. Historically, this is why members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints have been called Mormons.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | open_qa |
[
{
"content": "List the Pokemon Go regions.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "There are ten regions in Pokémon GO Kanto, Johto, Hoenn, Sinnoh, Unova, Kalos, Alola, Galar, Hisui and Paldea. Certain Pokemon originate from each region and can only be captured within that region.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | brainstorming |
[
{
"content": "Who do you think is the most powerful Mandalorian in Star Wars history?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "It would have be Te Ani'la Mand'alor, or also called Mandalore the Ultimate.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | open_qa |
[
{
"content": "Based on the following passage summarise how sunsets are viewed from the northern hemisphere across seasons.\n\nText: \"\"\"\nSunset, also known as sundown, is the daily disappearance of the Sun below the horizon due to Earth's rotation. As viewed from everywhere on Earth (except the North and South poles), the equinox Sun sets due west at the moment of both the spring and autumn equinoxes. As viewed from the Northern Hemisphere, the Sun sets to the northwest (or not at all) in the spring and summer, and to the southwest in the autumn and winter; these seasons are reversed for the Southern Hemisphere.\nThe time of sunset is defined in astronomy as the moment when the upper limb of the Sun disappears below the horizon. Near the horizon, atmospheric refraction causes sunlight rays to be distorted to such an extent that geometrically the solar disk is already about one diameter below the horizon when a sunset is observed.\nSunset is distinct from twilight, which is divided into three stages. The first one is civil twilight, which begins once the Sun has disappeared below the horizon, and continues until it descends to 6 degrees below the horizon. The second phase is nautical twilight, between 6 and 12 degrees below the horizon. The third phase is astronomical twilight, which is the period when the Sun is between 12 and 18 degrees below the horizon. Dusk is at the very end of astronomical twilight, and is the darkest moment of twilight just before night. Finally, night occurs when the Sun reaches 18 degrees below the horizon and no longer illuminates the sky.\nLocations further north than the Arctic Circle and further south than the Antarctic Circle experience no full sunset or sunrise on at least one day of the year, when the polar day or the polar night persists continuously for 24 hours.\"\"\"",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "When viewed from the Northern Hemisphere, the Sun sets to the northwest (or not at all) in the spring and summer, and to the southwest in the autumn and winter; these seasons are reversed for the Southern Hemisphere.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | information_extraction |
[
{
"content": "What cities should someone visit during a trip to Morocco?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "There are many wonderful cities to visit during a trip to Morocco. The decision of which cities to visit depends on the traveller's goals and interests because Morocco has something for everyone. The largest airports are in the cities of Casablanca and Marrakech, so if traveling by air, those are good cities to fly into and out of. Other cities that are popular among visitors include Fez and Tangier. Cities along the Atlantic Coast of Morocco are popular for their beaches including Agadir and Essaouira. The city of Chefchaouen is also very popular among visitors for its blue buildings.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | general_qa |
[
{
"content": "Which classical composer was deaf?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Ludwig van Beethoven",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | open_qa |
[
{
"content": "Who discovered the double-helix DNA structure?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "James Watson and Francis Crick identified the double-helix structure of deoxyribonucleic acid in 1953.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | open_qa |
[
{
"content": "Please provide a brief summary describing Canada",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Canada is a country in North America. Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean and northward into the Arctic Ocean, making it the world's second-largest country by total area, with the world's longest coastline. It is characterized by a wide range of both meteorologic and geological regions. The country is sparsely inhabited, with the vast majority residing south of the 55th parallel in urban areas. Canada's capital is Ottawa and its three largest metropolitan areas are Toronto, Montreal, and Vancouver.\n\nIndigenous peoples have continuously inhabited what is now Canada for thousands of years. Beginning in the 16th century, British and French expeditions explored and later settled along the Atlantic coast. As a consequence of various armed conflicts, France ceded nearly all of its colonies in North America in 1763. In 1867, with the union of three British North American colonies through Confederation, Canada was formed as a federal dominion of four provinces. This began an accretion of provinces and territories and a process of increasing autonomy from the United Kingdom, highlighted by the Statute of Westminster, 1931, and culminating in the Canada Act 1982, which severed the vestiges of legal dependence on the Parliament of the United Kingdom.\n\nCanada is a parliamentary liberal democracy and a constitutional monarchy in the Westminster tradition. The country's head of government is the prime minister, who holds office by virtue of their ability to command the confidence of the elected House of Commons and is \"called upon\" by the governor general, representing the monarch of Canada, the head of state. The country is a Commonwealth realm and is officially bilingual (English and French) in the federal jurisdiction. It is very highly ranked in international measurements of government transparency, quality of life, economic competitiveness, innovation, and education. It is one of the world's most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, the product of large-scale immigration. Canada's long and complex relationship with the United States has had a significant impact on its history, economy, and culture.\n\nA highly developed country, Canada has one of the highest nominal per capita income globally and its advanced economy ranks among the largest in the world, relying chiefly upon its abundant natural resources and well-developed international trade networks. Canada is part of several major international and intergovernmental institutions or groupings including the United Nations, NATO, G7, Group of Ten, G20, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), World Trade Organization (WTO), Commonwealth of Nations, Arctic Council, Organisation internationale de la Francophonie, Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation forum, and Organization of American States.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | summarization |
[
{
"content": "What are Nanotube?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Nanotubes, often known as Carbon Nanotubes, are light, strong shapes made of Carbon atoms. Nanotubes are shaped like tiny straws with walls as thin as one carbon atom. They are considered as the strongest of any material known to man. Nanotubes have many practical uses, one of which is to make the darkest black paint.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | open_qa |
[
{
"content": "Write the first paragraph of a blog post describing the appeal of Boston as a tourist destination",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Boston is a vibrant city with a rich history, incredible architecture, and diverse culture. Its cobblestone streets, charming neighborhoods, and vibrant nightlife make it an ideal destination for visitors. From the Freedom Trail to the Boston Common, Boston offers visitors a unique experience unlike any other. From historic sites to vibrant nightlife, Boston is a great place to visit and explore. The suburbs are great too.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | creative_writing |
[
{
"content": "Should I have Kids?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "That is a personal question and one should think about this very carefully. Things to consider:\n\n1. How old are you?\n2. Can you afford to raise the child \n3. Do you have proper healthcare\n4. Do you have anyone to help you\n5. Do you like kids\n6. Why do you want kids",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | open_qa |
[
{
"content": "Give me 3 ideas for hobbies that I can recommend to somebody who is retiring. These should all be activities that require gentle movement and are not overly demanding on the body.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Retirement is an exciting opportunity for people to develop and cultivate their passions. Here are a few ideas you could recommend that are both gentle on the body but require some movement:\n- Gardening: while this is a seasonal pursuit, deciding on which seeds to plant, nursing them through a growing season, and learning the ins and outs of the hobby can become a lifelong passion for those with a \"green thumb\"\n- Walking and picking up trash: carry a bag and \"grabber\" pinchers to collect trash in your community while staying active on a walk. Rubber-tipped pinchers means you will not need to bend or stretch too far to reach, and you will be surprised how much of a difference this makes to your community members!\n- Fishing: most fishing can be done from the banks of a river or lake, and is a great way to experience the calming effects of a body of water while still being physically active. Whether fly fishing or reel fishing, many people who have entered retirement find this an engaging way to engage with nature either solo or as part of a community of fisher-people.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | brainstorming |
[
{
"content": "Name some reasons it's great to live in Marin County, California.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Marin County is a great place to live for many reasons, including the beautiful scenery, the mild, pleasant weather, and the abundance of outdoor activities, while at the same time being close to San Francisco. Mountain biking on the fire trails in the hills of Marin, and climbing various hilltops is very enjoyable. There are fantastic views of the city of San Francisco, and of San Francisco Bay from many points in the county. Walking or biking the Tiburon Bike Path is also great fun. From Marin it's easy to take great day trips to nearby Napa and Sonoma counties, to enjoy their beautiful natural settings and to visit the wineries and nice restaurants.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | brainstorming |
[
{
"content": "What is the FA Cup?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "The Football Association Challenge Cup, more commonly known as the FA Cup, is an annual knockout football competition in men's domestic English football. First played during the 1871–72 season, it is the oldest national football competition in the world. It is organised by and named after The Football Association (The FA). Since 2015, it has been known as The Emirates FA Cup after its headline sponsor. A concurrent Women's FA Cup has been held since 1970.\n\nThe competition is open to all eligible clubs down to Level 9 of the English football league system with Level 10 clubs acting as stand-ins in the event of non-entries from above. Included in the competition are 20 professional clubs in the Premier League (level 1), 72 professional clubs in the English Football League (levels 2 to 4), and all clubs in steps 1–5 of the National League System (levels 5 to 9) as well as a tiny number of step 6 clubs acting as stand-ins for non-entries above. A record 763 clubs competed in 2011–12. The tournament consists of 12 randomly drawn rounds followed by the semi-finals and the final. Entrants are not seeded, although a system of byes based on league level ensures higher ranked teams enter in later rounds – the minimum number of games needed to win, depending on which round a team enters the competition, ranges from six to fourteen.\n\nThe first six rounds are the Qualifying Competition, from which 32 teams progress to the first round of the Competition Proper, meeting the first of the 48 professional teams from Leagues One and Two. The last entrants are the Premier League and Championship clubs, into the draw for the Third Round Proper. In the modern era, only one non-League team has ever reached the quarter-finals, and teams below Level 2 have never reached the final. As a result, significant focus is given to the smaller teams who progress furthest, especially if they achieve an unlikely \"giant-killing\" victory.\n\nWinners receive the FA Cup trophy, of which there have been two designs and five actual cups; the latest is a 2014 replica of the second design, introduced in 1911. Winners also qualify for the UEFA Europa League and a place in the upcoming FA Community Shield. Arsenal are the most successful club with fourteen titles and Arsène Wenger is the most successful manager in the history of the competition, having won seven finals as Arsenal's manager.\n\nLiverpool are the current holders, having beaten Chelsea 6–5 on penalties following a 0–0 draw in the 2022 final.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | open_qa |
[
{
"content": "Are Schindler elevators safe\n\nText: \"\"\"\nSchindler Holding Ltd. is a Swiss multinational company which manufactures escalators, moving walkways, and elevators worldwide, founded in Switzerland in 1874. Schindler produces, installs, maintains and modernizes lifts and escalators in many types of buildings including residential, commercial and high-rise buildings.\n\nThe company is present in over 140 countries and employs more than 66,000 people worldwide. The production facilities are located in Brazil, China, Slovakia, Spain, Switzerland, India and the United States. All operations and subsidiaries of Schindler Group are organised into Schindler Holding Ltd. (German: Schindler Holding AG, French: Schindler Holding S.A.), which is publicly traded on SIX Swiss Exchange.\"\"\"",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Schindler Holding Ltd. is a Swiss multinational company which manufactures escalators, moving walkways, and elevators worldwide, founded in Switzerland in 1874. Schindler produces, installs, maintains and modernizes lifts and escalators in many types of buildings including residential, commercial and high-rise buildings.\n\nThe company is present in over 140 countries and employs more than 66,000 people worldwide. The production facilities are located in Brazil, China, Slovakia, Spain, Switzerland, India and the United States. All operations and subsidiaries of Schindler Group are organised into Schindler Holding Ltd., which is publicly traded on SIX Swiss Exchange.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | summarization |
[
{
"content": "What are the 4 oceans on earth",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Atlantic Ocean\nArctic Ocean\nPacific Ocean\nIndian Ocean",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | open_qa |
[
{
"content": "Did Harry Potter put his own name in the goblet of fire?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Harry did not put his own name in the goblet of fire. Barty Crouch Junior, using polyjuice potion to disguise himself as Alistair Moody, put Harry's name in the goblet of fire as part of his plan to deliver Harry into Lord Voldemort's hands.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | open_qa |
[
{
"content": "Why does it help to focus on the breath when practicing mindfulness?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "The art of meditation, which is another name for the practice of mindfulness, is all about being in the present. In other words, cultivating an awareness of what is happening in the present moment. This is done by quietening the mind of all the random thoughts that are being continuously generated, and having the senses alerted to the signals that are being passed in the moment. The signals are the sensations or emotions or sounds that one is feeling and hearing in the present moment. To accomplish this, the breath serves as an anchor to the present moment. Being aware of one's breath keeps us in the present moment. When the mind eventually wanders, the breath is a signal to tune back into the present moment. The breath is always with us and can be found in an instant.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | general_qa |
[
{
"content": "What's the best way to learn how to snowboard?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "There are many options available to learn how to snowboard. You can seek out professional lessons from an instructor, often available at your local ski resort. You can also read articles online, or watch online videos from professional instructors. Another option would be to get lessons from a friend who's snowboarded for a long time. While this can be an easy and inexpensive option, it may not be as effective as learning from a professional. Friends who snowboard may know how to snowboard well, but, they may not be great instructors. Plus, it's often easy to get frustrated with people you know really well. You can avoid those headaches by getting a professional lesson. It will reduce your stress level and likely make you a better snowboarder in a shorter period of time. Have fun on the slopes and stay safe!",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | general_qa |
[
{
"content": "What are some of the common elements of visual design?\n\nText: \"\"\"\nDesign elements are the basic units of any visual design which form its structure and convey visual messages. Painter and design theorist Maitland E. Graves (1902-1978), who attempted to gestate the fundamental principles of aesthetic order in visual design, in his book, The Art of Color and Design (1941), defined the elements of design as line, direction, shape, size, texture, value, and color, concluding that \"these elements are the materials from which all designs are built.\"\"\"\"",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Line, shape, size, texture, color and direction are some of the common visual design elements.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | information_extraction |
[
{
"content": "What is the difference between a shrub and a tree?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Some biologists maintain that there is no genetic difference between shrubs and trees - some species may have expressions in tree form and shrub form. Other scientists believe that the physical form is essential and that shrubs are distinct from trees.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | open_qa |
[
{
"content": "As an expert skier, what are the top resorts in the US to go skiing?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "There are many ski resorts in the United States that offer challenging terrain for expert level skiers. Som of the top resorts are: Big Sky, Jackson Hole, Pallisades, Crested Butte, Telluride, and Silverthorn",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | classification |
[
{
"content": "Which characters belong to DC or Marvel Universe? Hulk, Spectre",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Spectre is DC, Hulk is Marvel",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | classification |
[
{
"content": "Extract why Tim Lincecum was called \"The Freak\"\n\nText: \"\"\"\nTimothy Leroy Lincecum (/ˈlɪnsəkʌm/ LIN-sə-kum; born June 15, 1984), nicknamed \"The Freak\", \"The Franchise\", \"The Freaky Franchise\" and \"Big Time Timmy Jim\", is an American former professional baseball pitcher. Nicknamed \"The Freak\" for his ability to generate powerful pitches despite his slight physique (5 feet 11 inches, 170 pounds), the power pitcher led the National League in strikeouts for three consecutive years in a span from 2008 to 2010. He also led the league in shutouts in 2009 and won the Babe Ruth Award in 2010 as the most valuable player of the MLB postseason. Lincecum won consecutive Cy Young Awards in 2008 and 2009, becoming the first MLB pitcher to win the award in his first two full seasons. He also appeared in four consecutive All-Star Games from 2008 through 2011 and pitched no-hitters in 2013 and 2014.\"\"\"",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Tim Lincecum was called \"The Freak\" for his ability to generate powerful pitches despite his slight physique (5 feet 11 inches, 170 pounds).",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | information_extraction |
[
{
"content": "Which players won the men's singles grand slam tennis tournaments in 2022.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "The following players won the men's singles grand slam tennis tournaments in 2022:\n- Rafael Nadal won the Australian Open and the French Open\n- Novak Djokovic won Wimbledon\n- Carlos Alcaraz won the US Open",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | open_qa |
[
{
"content": "Please summarize the causes and cure for color blindness given in the passage?\n\nText: \"\"\"\nThe most common cause of color blindness is an inherited problem or variation in the functionality of one or more of the three classes of cone cells in the retina, which mediate color vision. The most common form is caused by a genetic disorder called congenital red–green color blindness. Males are more likely to be color blind than females, because the genes responsible for the most common forms of color blindness are on the X chromosome. Non-color-blind females can carry genes for color blindness and pass them on to their children. Color blindness can also result from physical or chemical damage to the eye, the optic nerve, or parts of the brain. Screening for color blindness is typically done with the Ishihara color test.\n\nThere is no cure for color blindness. Diagnosis may allow an individual, or their parents/teachers to actively accommodate the condition. Special lenses such as EnChroma glasses or X-chrom contact lenses may help people with red–green color blindness at some color tasks, but they do not grant the wearer \"normal color vision\". Mobile apps can help people identify colors.\"\"\"",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "The most common cause of color blindness is genetic disorder. Males are more likely to be color blind than females, because the genes responsible for the same are present on the X chromosome. Females who are non-color blind could still carry and pass on genes for color blindness. Any kind of physical or chemical damage to the eye, optic nerve or brain could also lead to the same.\n\nThere is no cure for color blindness. Affected people can actively accommodate the condition or use special glasses or lenses that can help people with red-green color blindness to a certain extent. There are mobile apps available as well to help identify colors.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] | summarization |