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metadata
annotations_creators:
  - found
language_creators:
  - found
language:
  - en
license:
  - cc-by-nc-sa-4.0
multilinguality:
  - multilingual
pretty_name: stackexchange
size_categories:
  - unknown
source_datasets:
  - original
task_categories:
  - question-answering
task_ids:
  - closed-domain-qa
tags:
  - sentence-transformers

Dataset Card Creation Guide

Table of Contents

Dataset Description

Dataset Summary

We automatically extracted question and answer (Q&A) pairs from Stack Exchange network. Stack Exchange gather many Q&A communities across 50 online plateform, including the well known Stack Overflow and other technical sites. 100 millon developpers consult Stack Exchange every month. The dataset is a parallel corpus with each question mapped to the top rated answer. The dataset is split given communities which cover a variety of domains from 3d printing, economics, raspberry pi or emacs. An exhaustive list of all communities is available here.

Languages

Stack Exchange mainly consist of english language (en).

Dataset Structure

Data Instances

Each data samples is presented as follow:

{'title_body': 'How to determine if 3 points on a 3-D graph are collinear? Let the points $A, B$ and $C$ be $(x_1, y_1, z_1), (x_2, y_2, z_2)$ and $(x_3, y_3, z_3)$ respectively. How do I prove that the 3 points are collinear? What is the formula?',
 'upvoted_answer': 'From $A(x_1,y_1,z_1),B(x_2,y_2,z_2),C(x_3,y_3,z_3)$ we can get their position vectors.\n\n$\\vec{AB}=(x_2-x_1,y_2-y_1,z_2-z_1)$ and $\\vec{AC}=(x_3-x_1,y_3-y_1,z_3-z_1)$.\n\nThen $||\\vec{AB}\\times\\vec{AC}||=0\\implies A,B,C$ collinear.',

This particular exampe corresponds to the following page

Data Fields

The fields present in the dataset contain the following informations:

  • title_body: This is the concatenation of the title and body from the question
  • upvoted_answer: This is the body from the most upvoted answer

Data Splits

We provide multiple splits for this dataset, which each refers to a given community channel. We detail the number of pail for each split below:

Number of pairs
apple 92,487
english 100,640
codereview 41,748
dba 71,449
mathoverflow 85,289
electronics 129,494
mathematica 59,895
drupal 67,817
magento 79,241
gaming 82,887
ell 77,892
gamedev 40,154
gis 100,254
askubuntu 267,135
diy 52,896
academia 32,137
blender 54,153
cs 30,010
chemistry 27,061
judaism 26,085
crypto 19,404
android 38,077
ja 17,376
christianity 11,498
graphicdesign 28,083
aviation 18,755
ethereum 26,124
biology 19,277
datascience 20,503
law 16,133
dsp 17,430
japanese 20,948
hermeneutics 9,516
bicycles 15,708
arduino 16,281
history 10,766
bitcoin 22,474
cooking 22,641
hinduism 8,999
codegolf 8,211
boardgames 11,805
emacs 16,830
economics 8,844
gardening 13,246
astronomy 9,086
islam 10,052
german 13,733
fitness 8,297
french 10,578
anime 10,131
craftcms 11,236
cstheory 7,742
engineering 8,649
buddhism 6,787
linguistics 6,843
ai 5,763
expressionengine 10,742
cogsci 5,101
chinese 8,646
chess 6,392
civicrm 10,648
literature 3,539
interpersonal 3,398
health 4,494
avp 6,450
earthscience 4,396
joomla 5,887
homebrew 5,608
expatriates 4,913
latin 3,969
matheducators 2,706
ham 3,501
genealogy 2,895
3dprinting 3,488
elementaryos 5,917
bioinformatics 3,135
devops 3,462
hsm 2,517
italian 3,101
computergraphics 2,306
martialarts 1,737
bricks 3,530
freelancing 1,663
crafts 1,659
lifehacks 2,576
cseducators 902
materials 1,101
hardwarerecs 2,050
iot 1,359
eosio 1,940
languagelearning 948
korean 1,406
coffee 1,188
esperanto 1,466
beer 1,012
ebooks 1,107
iota 775
cardano 248
drones 496
conlang 334
pt 103,277
stats 115,679
unix 155,414
physics 141,230
tex 171,628
serverfault 238,507
salesforce 87,272
wordpress 83,621
softwareengineering 51,326
scifi 54,805
security 51,355
ru 253,289
superuser 352,610
sharepoint 80,420
rpg 40,435
travel 36,533
worldbuilding 26,210
meta 1,000
workplace 24,012
ux 28,901
money 29,404
webmasters 30,370
raspberrypi 24,143
photo 23,204
music 19,936
philosophy 13,114
puzzling 17,448
movies 18,243
quant 12,933
politics 11,047
space 12,893
mechanics 18,613
skeptics 8,145
rus 16,528
writers 9,867
webapps 24,867
softwarerecs 11,761
networkengineering 12,590
parenting 5,998
scicomp 7,036
sqa 9,256
sitecore 7,838
vi 9,000
spanish 7,675
pm 5,435
pets 6,156
sound 8,303
reverseengineering 5,817
outdoors 5,278
tridion 5,907
retrocomputing 3,907
robotics 4,648
quantumcomputing 4,320
sports 4,707
russian 3,937
opensource 3,221
woodworking 2,955
patents 3,573
tor 4,167
ukrainian 1,767
opendata 3,842
monero 3,508
sustainability 1,674
portuguese 1,964
mythology 1,595
musicfans 2,431
or 1,490
poker 1,665
windowsphone 2,807
moderators 504
stackapps 1,518
stellar 1,078
vegetarianism 585
tezos 1,169
total 4,750,619

Dataset Creation

Curation Rationale

We primary designed this dataset for sentence embeddings training. Indeed sentence embeddings may be trained using a contrastive learning setup for which the model is trained to associate each sentence with its corresponding pair out of multiple proposition. Such models require many examples to be efficient and thus the dataset creation may be tedious. Community networks such as Stack Exchange allow us to build many examples semi-automatically.

Source Data

The source data are dumps from Stack Exchange

Initial Data Collection and Normalization

We collected the data from the math community.

We filtered out questions which title or body length is bellow 20 characters and questions for which body length is above 4096 characters. When extracting most upvoted answer, we filtered to pairs for which their is at least 100 votes gap between most upvoted and downvoted answers.

Who are the source language producers?

Questions and answers are written by the community developpers of Stack Exchange.

Additional Information

Licensing Information

Please see the license information at: https://archive.org/details/stackexchange

Citation Information

@misc{StackExchangeDataset,
  author = {Flax Sentence Embeddings Team},
  title = {Stack Exchange question pairs},
  year = {2021},
  howpublished = {https://huggingface.co/datasets/flax-sentence-embeddings/},
}

Contributions

Thanks to the Flax Sentence Embeddings team for adding this dataset.