DOI
stringlengths 13
40
| instance_id
stringlengths 9
26
| News Finding
stringlengths 13
1.2k
| Paper Finding
stringlengths 2
1.32k
| News Context
stringlengths 13
1.61k
| Paper Context
stringlengths 27
1.71k
| scores
stringlengths 3
25
| field
stringclasses 4
values | split
stringclasses 1
value | final_score
float64 1
5
| source
stringclasses 2
values | News URL
stringlengths 17
210
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
10.1016/j.robot.2015.01.003 | Computer_Science_0 | Terekhov and his colleagues showed that the notion of space as environment-independent cannot be deduced only by exteroceptive information, as this information varies greatly depending on what is found in the environment. | We show that the notion of space as environmentindependent cannot be deduced solely from exteroceptive information, which is highly variable and is mainly determined by the contents of the environment. | If we want robots to be truly intelligent, we should not build them using abstract notions, but instead, provide them with algorithms that will allow them to develop such notions themselves." Terekhov and his colleagues showed that the notion of space as environment-independent cannot be deduced only by exteroceptive information, as this information varies greatly depending on what is found in the environment. This notion could be better defined by looking into functions that link motor commands to changes in stimuli that are external to the agent. | One of the most fundamental perceptual notions, space, cannot be an exception to this requirement. We show that the notion of space as environmentindependent cannot be deduced solely from exteroceptive information, which is highly variable and is mainly determined by the contents of the environment. The environment-independent definition of space can be approached by looking into the functions that link the motor commands to changes in exteroceptive inputs. | [4.0, 3.0, 3.0, 5.0] | Computer_Science | train | 3.75 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=37406801001&p=1pl&v=1&x=ssZ2MTLzJwq_5rjL57WYwg |
10.1016/j.compag.2016.07.028 | Computer_Science_100 | Hyperspectral and RGB imaging not only address this issue, Ge said, but should also further speed the process of simultaneously comparing multiple traits among plant varieties. | Hyperspectral imaging can be a very powerful tool to phenotype biochemical traits of the whole maize plants, complementing RGB for plant morphological trait analysis. | In killing the plant, these methods kept the researchers from observing how it would have grown and developed afterward. Hyperspectral and RGB imaging not only address this issue, Ge said, but should also further speed the process of simultaneously comparing multiple traits among plant varieties. "How to capture all of these dynamic traits is really a challenging task without these high-throughput systems," Ge said. | LWC is successfully predicted with the hyperspectral images for both genotypes (R 2 = 0.81 and 0.92). Hyperspectral imaging can be a very powerful tool to phenotype biochemical traits of the whole maize plants, complementing RGB for plant morphological trait analysis. However, the current rate of increase in yield will not keep pace with this increased demand for food and fuel over the next 35 years . | [4.0, 3.0, 4.0, 4.0, 3.0] | Computer_Science | train | 3.6 | news | http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/TechnologyOrg/~3/JM-jhIn6rZA/ |
10.1177/1080569913501862 | Computer_Science_102 | A timely new study co-authored by Peter W. Cardon of the USC Marshall School of Business and colleagues at Howard University is the first to provide an empirical baseline for how attitudes towards mobile phone use actually break down across gender, age and region. | One of the more interesting findings was the major gender gap in perceived appropriateness of mobile phone actions. | But unlike rudeness among friends, discourteous behavior in the workplace can have real implications for careers, hiring and even workplace efficiency, with tension among coworkers harming productivity. A timely new study co-authored by Peter W. Cardon of the USC Marshall School of Business and colleagues at Howard University is the first to provide an empirical baseline for how attitudes towards mobile phone use actually break down across gender, age and region. Published today in the journal Business Communication Quarterly, the research offers a critical baseline for how attitudes toward technology may change over time and serves as a guide to navigating social expectations around polite smartphone use. | This seems to indicate major generational differences. One of the more interesting findings was the major gender gap in perceived appropriateness of mobile phone actions. As far as checking text messages, sending text messages, and answering calls, men are nearly twice as accepting of these behaviors. | [4.0, 2.0, 4.0] | Computer_Science | train | 3.333333 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/10/131024182551.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Latest+Science+News%29 |
10.1177/1080569913501862 | Computer_Science_103 | Dramatic age gap: Younger professionals were nearly three times as likely as older professionals to think tapping out a message over a business lunch is appropriate -- 66 percent of people under 30 said texting or emailing was okay, compared to just 20 percent of those aged 51-65. | Strong majorities of younger employees (21 to 30 years old) considered checking text messages and emails, answering calls, and even writing text messages and emails as appropriate. | Higher-income professionals had less tolerance for smartphone use in business meetings. Dramatic age gap: Younger professionals were nearly three times as likely as older professionals to think tapping out a message over a business lunch is appropriate -- 66 percent of people under 30 said texting or emailing was okay, compared to just 20 percent of those aged 51-65. Chances are, just having your phone out is offending somebody: A full 20 percent of professionals said simply having your phone out at a business lunch is rude. | The divide is perhaps most dramatic in informal meetings (see Figure 2 ). Strong majorities of younger employees (21 to 30 years old) considered checking text messages and emails, answering calls, and even writing text messages and emails as appropriate. On the other hand, strong majorities of employees above 41 years of age consider these actions as inappropriate. | [5.0, 3.0, 5.0, 4.0, 5.0] | Computer_Science | train | 4.4 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/10/131024182551.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Latest+Science+News%29 |
10.1098/rstb.2008.0288 | Computer_Science_104 | It seemed that the longer someone had been driving a taxi, the larger his hippocampus, as though the brain expanded to accommodate the cognitive demands of navigating London's streets. | Moreover, anterior hippocampal grey matter volume decreased as navigation experience increased in taxi drivers (figure 5d ). | In other words, taxi drivers had plumper memory centers than their peers. It seemed that the longer someone had been driving a taxi, the larger his hippocampus, as though the brain expanded to accommodate the cognitive demands of navigating London's streets. But it was also possible that The Knowledge selected for people whose memory centers were larger than average in the first place. | In comparison with the posterior hippocampus that had greater grey matter volume compared with control participants, the anterior hippocampus had reduced grey matter volume in taxi drivers (Maguire et al. Moreover, anterior hippocampal grey matter volume decreased as navigation experience increased in taxi drivers (figure 5d ). We suggest that the belowaverage scores observed in taxi drivers on tests of anterograde associative memory could be related to their reduced right anterior hippocampal grey matter volume. | [4.0, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0] | Computer_Science | train | 2.5 | news | http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=london-taxi-memory |
10.1098/rstb.2008.0288 | Computer_Science_105 | With the new research, scientists can definitively say that London taxi drivers not only have larger-than-average memory centers in their brains, but also that their intensive training is responsible for the growth. | While their vastly superior London knowledge distinguished them, an examination of grey matter volume in the brains of taxi drivers revealed further differences. | These navigational demands stimulate brain development, concludes a study five years in the making. With the new research, scientists can definitively say that London taxi drivers not only have larger-than-average memory centers in their brains, but also that their intensive training is responsible for the growth. Researchers noticed that a part of the brain called the hippocampus was much larger in these animals than in similar species that did not secret away their snacks. | This was true even when taxi drivers were compared with another group of navigators, London bus drivers press; see figure 3a,b). While their vastly superior London knowledge distinguished them, an examination of grey matter volume in the brains of taxi drivers revealed further differences. Compared with controls, taxi drivers had greater grey matter volume in the posterior hippocampi (Maguire et al. | [5.0, 4.0, 3.0, 4.0] | Computer_Science | train | 4 | news | http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=london-taxi-memory |
10.1287/mnsc.2016.2500 | Computer_Science_107 | Southwest's "bags fly free" policy is likely not free based on lost opportunity cost, mostly because it could be offering more flights per day with increased boarding times due to charging for checked bags. | In hindsight, however, this may not have been the right decision given the performance deterioration observed after they began charging for the two checked bags. | Southwest's improved departure time performance was not as significant as its rival airlines, which did charge for checked bags, and it appears to have hurt one of Southwest's historical competitive advantages in customer service. Southwest's "bags fly free" policy is likely not free based on lost opportunity cost, mostly because it could be offering more flights per day with increased boarding times due to charging for checked bags. The study estimates Southwest loses approximately $24 million for not charging for the first checked bag and $35 million for not charging for the second one per year. | We have an indication that this occurred at some level as our results support the argument that after initially observing little performance decline, the airlines felt the need to shorten their scheduled block times. In hindsight, however, this may not have been the right decision given the performance deterioration observed after they began charging for the two checked bags. Increased boarding times as a result of baggage fees have financial implications as well. | [4.0, 1.0, 2.0, 2.0] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://www.futurity.org/airplanes-baggage-fees-1234212-2/ |
10.1287/mnsc.2016.2500 | Computer_Science_108 | The findings, published in the journal Management Science, shows airlines improved their median departure time between 3.3 to 4.2 minutes and reduced average departure delays between 1.3 to 2 minutes, depending on whether they charged for the first or second checked bag. | We show that, at the aggregate level, the airlines that began charging for one checked bag saw a significant relative improvement in their on-time departure performance in the 35-day period afterwards, compared to the airlines that were not charging for a checked bag during the same time period. | The below-the-cabin effect dominates the above-the-cabin effect." The findings, published in the journal Management Science, shows airlines improved their median departure time between 3.3 to 4.2 minutes and reduced average departure delays between 1.3 to 2 minutes, depending on whether they charged for the first or second checked bag. The reductions are significant because departure times and mitigating delays are crucial to so many other facets of the business, such as the number of flights airlines can offer and their image among potential customers. | As Southwest Airlines might have gotten new customers who used to fly the now-baggage fee charging airlines, we do not have a true experiment, and consequently we do not employ a traditional difference-in-difference approach in our analysis. We show that, at the aggregate level, the airlines that began charging for one checked bag saw a significant relative improvement in their on-time departure performance in the 35-day period afterwards, compared to the airlines that were not charging for a checked bag during the same time period. When grouped into 'low-cost' versus 'legacy' carriers, however, we find opposite effects: the departure performance of the low-cost airlines became worse while it improved for the legacy carriers. | [4.0, 3.0, 5.0, 4.0] | Computer_Science | train | 4 | news | http://www.futurity.org/airplanes-baggage-fees-1234212-2/ |
10.1088/1741-2552/aabc9b | Computer_Science_113 | Doctors saw and patients noticed no differences in the improvement in movement under adaptive stimulation versus constant, open loop stimulation set manually by the researchers. | While the total energy delivered by adaptive stimulation was substantially less than that of open-loop stimulation, blinded clinical ratings confirmed similar efficacy for both approaches. | Stimulation was reduced when it identified dyskinesia-related brain activity and increased when brain sensing indicated no dyskinesia to minimize deep brain stimulation-related side effects. Doctors saw and patients noticed no differences in the improvement in movement under adaptive stimulation versus constant, open loop stimulation set manually by the researchers. Because adaptive deep brain stimulation did not continuously stimulate the brain, the system saved about 40 percent of the device's battery energy used during traditional stimulation. | We have demonstrated the feasibility of adaptive DBS in PD using a fully implantable device, with feedback control provided by a cortical gamma band oscillation related to the emergence of dyskinesia, a common adverse effect of levodopa therapy and of STN DBS. While the total energy delivered by adaptive stimulation was substantially less than that of open-loop stimulation, blinded clinical ratings confirmed similar efficacy for both approaches. The classifier algorithm performed as expected, appropriately detecting changes in gamma band power and triggering reduction in DBS amplitude when the gamma threshold was exceeded. | [4.0, 3.0, 2.0, 4.0, 3.0] | Computer_Science | train | 3.2 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34175486612&p=1pl&v=1&x=_1eTrGJQyGkkr4UeWUolqA |
10.1287/mnsc.2016.2500 | Computer_Science_114 | Other key findings from the study:
Charging for the first or second checked bag improved on-time departure performance for all major airlines--including Southwest Airlines, which does not charge for the first two bags--because it creates savings due to a cultural shift among US passengers to travel with less baggage. | We have an indication that this occurred at some level as our results support the argument that after initially observing little performance decline, the airlines felt the need to shorten their scheduled block times. | The reductions are significant because departure times and mitigating delays are crucial to so many other facets of the business, such as the number of flights airlines can offer and their image among potential customers. Other key findings from the study:
Charging for the first or second checked bag improved on-time departure performance for all major airlines--including Southwest Airlines, which does not charge for the first two bags--because it creates savings due to a cultural shift among US passengers to travel with less baggage. This shift resulted in a lower demand for airport labor-intensive, back-end operations such as baggage handling and security checks, which are shared resources across airlines. | Ultimately, operations managers need to be involved in the discussions about marketing initiatives such as this one to evaluate the operational impact of marketing initiatives. We have an indication that this occurred at some level as our results support the argument that after initially observing little performance decline, the airlines felt the need to shorten their scheduled block times. In hindsight, however, this may not have been the right decision given the performance deterioration observed after they began charging for the two checked bags. | [3.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0] | Computer_Science | train | 2.25 | news | http://www.futurity.org/airplanes-baggage-fees-1234212-2/ |
10.1287/mnsc.2016.2500 | Computer_Science_116 | Southwest's improved departure time performance was not as significant as its rival airlines, which did charge for checked bags, and it appears to have hurt one of Southwest's historical competitive advantages in customer service. | The same policy may have determined a change in other passengers' behavior in the sense that fewer passengers may have checked a second bag while still flying their preferred airline. | So, a drop in total baggage volume benefits not only the airlines that charge baggage fees but also those that do not. Southwest's improved departure time performance was not as significant as its rival airlines, which did charge for checked bags, and it appears to have hurt one of Southwest's historical competitive advantages in customer service. Southwest's "bags fly free" policy is likely not free based on lost opportunity cost, mostly because it could be offering more flights per day with increased boarding times due to charging for checked bags. | We expect that the price-insensitive passengers or those passengers traveling with only one checked bag were indifferent to this policy change. The same policy may have determined a change in other passengers' behavior in the sense that fewer passengers may have checked a second bag while still flying their preferred airline. Another possible explanation is that price-sensitive customers of those airlines that charged for one checked bag started flying Southwest instead. | [1.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0, 4.0] | Computer_Science | train | 2.2 | news | http://www.futurity.org/airplanes-baggage-fees-1234212-2/ |
10.1177/1080569913501862 | Computer_Science_117 | Higher-income professionals had less tolerance for smartphone use in business meetings. | In formal meetings, professionals in the West were least accepting of mobile phone use during meetings. | Despite the casual reputation, professionals from the West Coast were less accepting of mobile phone use in meetings than people from the East Coast. Higher-income professionals had less tolerance for smartphone use in business meetings. Dramatic age gap: Younger professionals were nearly three times as likely as older professionals to think tapping out a message over a business lunch is appropriate -- 66 percent of people under 30 said texting or emailing was okay, compared to just 20 percent of those aged 51-65. | Prior to getting the results, we suspected there might be some variation by region. In formal meetings, professionals in the West were least accepting of mobile phone use during meetings. In informal meetings, professionals in the Southwest were least accepting of mobile phone use. | [4.0, 4.0, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0] | Computer_Science | train | 2.8 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/10/131024182551.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Latest+Science+News%29 |
10.1007/s10055-018-0346-3 | Computer_Science_119 | "This data is exciting in that it suggests that immersive environments could offer new pathways for improved outcomes in education and high-proficiency training," says Amitabh Varshney, professor of computer science and dean of the College of Computer, Mathematical, and Natural Sciences at UMD. | This suggests an exciting opportunity for the role of immersive virtual environments in assisting in recall. | The researchers found that people remember information better if it is presented to them in a virtual environment. "This data is exciting in that it suggests that immersive environments could offer new pathways for improved outcomes in education and high-proficiency training," says Amitabh Varshney, professor of computer science and dean of the College of Computer, Mathematical, and Natural Sciences at UMD. The results showed an 8.8 percent improvement overall in recall accuracy using the VR headsets, a statistically significant number according to the research team. | The HMD condition was found to have 8.8% improvement in recall accuracy compared to the desktop condition, and this was found to be statistically significant. This suggests an exciting opportunity for the role of immersive virtual environments in assisting in recall. Given the results of our user study, we believe that virtual memory palaces offer us a fascinating insight into how we may be able to organize and structure large information spaces and navigate them in ways that assist in superior recall. | [2.0, 4.0, 3.0, 3.0] | Computer_Science | train | 3 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34297170515&p=1pl&v=1&x=aVyQCHIh9o0JvS5uzKIpiQ |
10.1177/1080569913501862 | Computer_Science_12 | Higher-income professionals had less tolerance for smartphone use in business meetings. | Finally, professionals in the Western region of the United States were less accepting of mobile phone use during meetings. | Despite the casual reputation, professionals from the West Coast were less accepting of mobile phone use in meetings than people from the East Coast. Higher-income professionals had less tolerance for smartphone use in business meetings. Dramatic age gap: Younger professionals were nearly three times as likely as older professionals to think tapping out a message over a business lunch is appropriate -- 66 percent of people under 30 said texting or emailing was okay, compared to just 20 percent of those aged 51-65. | Also, higher-income professionals showed lower acceptance for mobile phone use during meetings. Finally, professionals in the Western region of the United States were less accepting of mobile phone use during meetings. In the informal meeting setting (see Model 2 in Table 5 ), the following variables were significant predictors: age, gender, and region. | [5.0, 5.0, 2.0, 5.0] | Computer_Science | train | 4 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/10/131024182551.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Latest+Science+News%29 |
10.1287/mnsc.2016.2500 | Computer_Science_120 | Other key findings from the study:
Charging for the first or second checked bag improved on-time departure performance for all major airlines--including Southwest Airlines, which does not charge for the first two bags--because it creates savings due to a cultural shift among US passengers to travel with less baggage. | Similar to the one checked bag fee policy, the theory does not offer a clear direction of the impact of the first two checked bags fees policy on departure delays, and hence we let the data dictate the correct hypothesis: | The reductions are significant because departure times and mitigating delays are crucial to so many other facets of the business, such as the number of flights airlines can offer and their image among potential customers. Other key findings from the study:
Charging for the first or second checked bag improved on-time departure performance for all major airlines--including Southwest Airlines, which does not charge for the first two bags--because it creates savings due to a cultural shift among US passengers to travel with less baggage. This shift resulted in a lower demand for airport labor-intensive, back-end operations such as baggage handling and security checks, which are shared resources across airlines. | That is, we expect an incremental impact of implementing fees for the first two checked bags over implementing fees for only one checked bag. Similar to the one checked bag fee policy, the theory does not offer a clear direction of the impact of the first two checked bags fees policy on departure delays, and hence we let the data dictate the correct hypothesis: Better relative performance as measured by departure delays is achieved when charging for the first two checked bags versus charging only for one checked bag. | [3.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0] | Computer_Science | train | 3 | news | http://www.futurity.org/airplanes-baggage-fees-1234212-2/ |
10.1007/s10055-018-0346-3 | Computer_Science_121 | "This leads to the possibility that a spatial virtual memory palace -- experienced in an immersive virtual environment -- could enhance learning and recall by leveraging a person's overall sense of body position, movement and acceleration," Plaisant says. | Our study provides a tantalizing glimpse into what may lie ahead in virtual-environment-based tools to enhance human memory. | This was reflected in the research results: 40 percent of the participants scored at least 10 percent higher in recall ability using VR over the desktop display. "This leads to the possibility that a spatial virtual memory palace -- experienced in an immersive virtual environment -- could enhance learning and recall by leveraging a person's overall sense of body position, movement and acceleration," Plaisant says. The UMD team believes this study will lay the groundwork for other scientific inquiry on the value of VR and AR for education. | If memory recall could be enhanced through immersively experiencing the environment in which the information was learned, it would suggest that virtual environments could serve as a valuable tool for various facets of retrospective cognizance, including retention and recall. Our study provides a tantalizing glimpse into what may lie ahead in virtual-environment-based tools to enhance human memory. The next steps will be to identify and characterize what elements of virtual memory palaces are most effective in eliciting a superior information recall. | [4.0, 4.0, 5.0, 3.0] | Computer_Science | train | 4 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34299069033&p=1pl&v=1&x=XwPIOwPBqw9PE_RGIV509w |
10.1007/s10055-018-0346-3 | Computer_Science_122 | "This leads to the possibility that a spatial virtual memory palace -- experienced in an immersive virtual environment -- could enhance learning and recall by leveraging a person's overall sense of body position, movement and acceleration," Plaisant says. | We believe this is a first step in using virtual environments for creating more memorable experiences that enhance productivity through better recall of large amounts of information organized using the idea of virtual memory palaces. | This was reflected in the research results: 40 percent of the participants scored at least 10 percent higher in recall ability using VR over the desktop display. "This leads to the possibility that a spatial virtual memory palace -- experienced in an immersive virtual environment -- could enhance learning and recall by leveraging a person's overall sense of body position, movement and acceleration," Plaisant says. The UMD team believes this study will lay the groundwork for other scientific inquiry on the value of VR and AR for education. | We found that virtual memory palaces in HMD condition provide a superior memory recall ability compared to the desktop condition. We believe this is a first step in using virtual environments for creating more memorable experiences that enhance productivity through better recall of large amounts of information organized using the idea of virtual memory palaces. The technique of memory palaces provides a natural spatial mnemonic to assist in recall. | [2.0, 2.0, 4.0] | Computer_Science | train | 2.666667 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34299069033&p=1pl&v=1&x=XwPIOwPBqw9PE_RGIV509w |
10.1126/science.aaf2654 | Computer_Science_123 | The results consistently showed that people will take a utilitarian approach to the ethics of autonomous vehicles, one emphasizing the sheer number of lives that could be saved. | Our datadriven approach highlights how the field of experimental ethics can give us key insights into the moral, cultural and legal standards that people expect from autonomous driving participants did not ex-press a comparable preference for buying utilitarian AVs, especially when they thought of family members riding in the car, and (c and d) they disapproved of regulations enforcing utilitarian algorithms for AVs, and indicated that they would be less likely to purchase an AV under such a regulation. | Or, as the researchers write in the new paper, "For the time being, there seems to be no easy way to design algorithms that would reconcile moral values and personal self-interest." The results consistently showed that people will take a utilitarian approach to the ethics of autonomous vehicles, one emphasizing the sheer number of lives that could be saved. For instance, 76 percent of respondents believe it is more moral for an autonomous vehicle, should such a circumstance arise, to sacrifice one passenger rather than 10 pedestrians. | For example, our scenarios did not feature any uncertainty about decision outcomes, but a collective discussion about moral algorithms will have to tackle the concepts of expected risk, expected value, and blame assignment. Such liability considerations will need to accompany existing discussions of regulation [21] , and we hope that psychological studies inspired by our own will be able to inform this discussion. Our datadriven approach highlights how the field of experimental ethics can give us key insights into the moral, cultural and legal standards that people expect from autonomous driving participants did not ex-press a comparable preference for buying utilitarian AVs, especially when they thought of family members riding in the car, and (c and d) they disapproved of regulations enforcing utilitarian algorithms for AVs, and indicated that they would be less likely to purchase an AV under such a regulation. | [4.0, 1.0, 3.0, 4.0] | Computer_Science | train | 4 | news | http://healthmedicinet.com/news/moral-dilemma-with-driverless-cars-who-gets-protected-the-driver-or-pedestrians/ |
10.1007/s10055-018-0346-3 | Computer_Science_126 | The researchers found that people remember information better if it is presented to them in a virtual environment. | If their active participation in the organization of the data in virtual memory palaces makes a meaningful difference, then that could be further useful in designing interaction-based virtual environments that could one day assist in far superior information management and recall tools than those currently available to us. | The researchers found that people remember information better if it is presented to them in a virtual environment. "This data is exciting in that it suggests that immersive environments could offer new pathways for improved outcomes in education and high-proficiency training," says Amitabh Varshney, professor of computer science and dean of the College of Computer, Mathematical, and Natural Sciences at UMD. The results showed an 8.8 percent improvement overall in recall accuracy using the VR headsets, a statistically significant number according to the research team. | Another interesting future work would be to allow people to build their own virtual memory palaces, manipulate and organize the content on their own, and then ask them to recall that information. If their active participation in the organization of the data in virtual memory palaces makes a meaningful difference, then that could be further useful in designing interaction-based virtual environments that could one day assist in far superior information management and recall tools than those currently available to us. Yet another interesting future direction of research could be to compare elements of virtual memory palaces that are highly personal versus those that could be used by larger groups. | [3.0, 5.0, 4.0, 4.0, 2.0] | Computer_Science | train | 3.6 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34299069033&p=1pl&v=1&x=XwPIOwPBqw9PE_RGIV509w |
10.1007/s10055-018-0346-3 | Computer_Science_128 | Many of the participants said the immersive "presence" while using VR allowed them to focus better. | Our study provides a tantalizing glimpse into what may lie ahead in virtual-environment-based tools to enhance human memory. | The results showed an 8.8 per cent improvement overall in recall accuracy using the VR headsets, a statistically significant number. Many of the participants said the immersive "presence" while using VR allowed them to focus better. "This leads to the possibility that an immersive virtual environment could enhance learning and recall by leveraging a person's overall sense of body position, movement and acceleration," said Catherine Plaisant, Senior Research Scientist in University of Maryland Institute for Advanced Computer Studies. | If memory recall could be enhanced through immersively experiencing the environment in which the information was learned, it would suggest that virtual environments could serve as a valuable tool for various facets of retrospective cognizance, including retention and recall. Our study provides a tantalizing glimpse into what may lie ahead in virtual-environment-based tools to enhance human memory. The next steps will be to identify and characterize what elements of virtual memory palaces are most effective in eliciting a superior information recall. | [3.0, 1.0, 3.0, 2.0] | Computer_Science | train | 2.25 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34313063783&p=1pl&v=1&x=TCex6cBLjKUBpfnsnX7wYA |
10.1007/978-3-642-55220-5_1 | Computer_Science_13 | Although this work is still theoretical, it is likely to have repercussions especially on the cryptographic applications of smart cards, RFID chips, etc. | Although we insist on the case of finite fields of small characteristic, where quasi-polynomial complexity is obtained, our new algorithm improves the complexity of discrete logarithm computations in a much larger range of finite fields. | It discredits several cryptographic systems that until now were assumed to provide sufficient security safeguards. Although this work is still theoretical, it is likely to have repercussions especially on the cryptographic applications of smart cards, RFID chips, etc. The algorithm they devised stands out from the best algorithms known to date for this problem. | -The complexity result relies on three key heuristics: the existence of a polynomial representation of the appropriate form; the fact that the smoothness probabilities of some non-uniformly distributed polynomials are similar to the probabilities for uniformly random polynomials of the same degree; and the linear independence of some finite field elements related to the action of PGL 2 (F q ). Although we insist on the case of finite fields of small characteristic, where quasi-polynomial complexity is obtained, our new algorithm improves the complexity of discrete logarithm computations in a much larger range of finite fields. More precisely, in finite fields of the form F q k , where q grows as L q k (α), the complexity becomes L q k (α + o(1)). | [1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 2.0] | Computer_Science | train | 1.25 | news | http://www.homelandsecuritynewswire.com/dr20140518-new-algorithm-revolutionizes-cryptography |
10.1007/s10055-018-0346-3 | Computer_Science_131 | The researchers found that people remember information better if it is presented to them in a virtual environment. | We believe this is a first step in using virtual environments for creating more memorable experiences that enhance productivity through better recall of large amounts of information organized using the idea of virtual memory palaces. | Photo by John T. C This data is exciting in that it suggests that immersive environments could offer new pathways for improved outcomes in education and high-proficiency training. The researchers found that people remember information better if it is presented to them in a virtual environment. "This data is exciting in that it suggests that immersive environments could offer new pathways for improved outcomes in education and high-proficiency training," says Amitabh Varshney, professor of computer science and dean of the College of Computer, Mathematical, and Natural Sciences at UMD. | We found that virtual memory palaces in HMD condition provide a superior memory recall ability compared to the desktop condition. We believe this is a first step in using virtual environments for creating more memorable experiences that enhance productivity through better recall of large amounts of information organized using the idea of virtual memory palaces. The technique of memory palaces provides a natural spatial mnemonic to assist in recall. | [5.0, 3.0, 4.0, 4.0, 4.0] | Computer_Science | train | 4 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34297170515&p=1pl&v=1&x=aVyQCHIh9o0JvS5uzKIpiQ |
10.1177/1080569913501862 | Computer_Science_132 | 87 percent of people said answering a call was rarely or never acceptable in business meetings. | Roughly 71% of the professionals said they would not make a call or take a call during a meeting. | Among their findings:
Three out of four people -- 76 percent -- said checking texts or emails was unacceptable behavior in business meetings. 87 percent of people said answering a call was rarely or never acceptable in business meetings. Even at more informal business lunches, the majority of people thought writing a text message is rude -- 66 percent said writing or sending a text message is inappropriate. | Interestingly, just 24% thought using a laptop in a meeting was not appropriate. Roughly 71% of the professionals said they would not make a call or take a call during a meeting. Approximately 63% said that they would not text message during meetings. | [4.0, 4.0, 3.0, 3.0] | Computer_Science | train | 3.5 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/10/131024182551.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Latest+Science+News%29 |
10.1007/s10055-018-0346-3 | Computer_Science_133 | They found that people remember information better if it is presented to them in a virtual environment. | If memory recall could be enhanced through immersively experiencing the environment in which the information was learned, it would suggest that virtual environments could serve as a valuable tool for various facets of retrospective cognizance, including retention and recall. | Virtual Reality helped patients recall old memories by providing new stimuli difficult to achieve, due to ill health, or inaccessible within a secure environment. They found that people remember information better if it is presented to them in a virtual environment. "This data is exciting in that it suggests that immersive environments could offer new pathways for improved outcomes in education and high-proficiency training," said Amitabh Varshney, Professor of Computer Science, in a survey published in the journal Virtual Reality. | Given the results of our user study, we believe that virtual memory palaces offer us a fascinating insight into how we may be able to organize and structure large information spaces and navigate them in ways that assist in superior recall. If memory recall could be enhanced through immersively experiencing the environment in which the information was learned, it would suggest that virtual environments could serve as a valuable tool for various facets of retrospective cognizance, including retention and recall. Our study provides a tantalizing glimpse into what may lie ahead in virtual-environment-based tools to enhance human memory. | [4.0, 4.0, 2.0, 4.0, 3.0] | Computer_Science | train | 3.4 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34313063783&p=1pl&v=1&x=TCex6cBLjKUBpfnsnX7wYA |
10.1007/s10055-018-0346-3 | Computer_Science_134 | "This leads to the possibility that a spatial virtual memory palace -- experienced in an immersive virtual environment -- could enhance learning and recall by leveraging a person's overall sense of body position, movement and acceleration," Plaisant says. | If memory recall could be enhanced through immersively experiencing the environment in which the information was learned, it would suggest that virtual environments could serve as a valuable tool for various facets of retrospective cognizance, including retention and recall. | This was reflected in the research results: 40 percent of the participants scored at least 10 percent higher in recall ability using VR over the desktop display. "This leads to the possibility that a spatial virtual memory palace -- experienced in an immersive virtual environment -- could enhance learning and recall by leveraging a person's overall sense of body position, movement and acceleration," Plaisant says. The UMD team believes this study will lay the groundwork for other scientific inquiry on the value of VR and AR for education. | Given the results of our user study, we believe that virtual memory palaces offer us a fascinating insight into how we may be able to organize and structure large information spaces and navigate them in ways that assist in superior recall. If memory recall could be enhanced through immersively experiencing the environment in which the information was learned, it would suggest that virtual environments could serve as a valuable tool for various facets of retrospective cognizance, including retention and recall. Our study provides a tantalizing glimpse into what may lie ahead in virtual-environment-based tools to enhance human memory. | [4.0, 2.0, 4.0, 4.0] | Computer_Science | train | 3.5 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34299069033&p=1pl&v=1&x=XwPIOwPBqw9PE_RGIV509w |
10.1016/j.robot.2015.01.003 | Computer_Science_135 | This notion could be better defined by looking into functions that link motor commands to changes in stimuli that are external to the agent. | Philipona and co-authors showed in that under certain conditions the dimensionality of space can be estimated by analyzing only sensorimotor information that is available to the agent. | Terekhov and his colleagues showed that the notion of space as environment-independent cannot be deduced only by exteroceptive information, as this information varies greatly depending on what is found in the environment. This notion could be better defined by looking into functions that link motor commands to changes in stimuli that are external to the agent. "He suggested that the coincidence in the sensory input may play a crucial role." | Thus, Poincaré [41] suggested that spatial knowledge emerges from the agent's capacity to move, with spatial relations such as the distance to an object being internally encoded as potential motor commands. Philipona and co-authors showed in that under certain conditions the dimensionality of space can be estimated by analyzing only sensorimotor information that is available to the agent. Knowing the number of spatial dimensions is not, however, the same as having the notion of space. | [2.0, 1.0, 2.0, 1.0, 1.0] | Computer_Science | train | 1.4 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=37406801001&p=1pl&v=1&x=ssZ2MTLzJwq_5rjL57WYwg |
10.1186/s12911-017-0526-1 | Computer_Science_136 | Their approach can help incorporate other patient-specific factors, such as age and personal preferences for outcomes, into treatment decisions when cancer genomics information is also available to estimate individual risk of cancer recurrence. | Although many of the insights from stakeholders shown in Table 1 may be generalizable to other clinical situations where genomic test results provide personalized estimates of cancer recurrence, the relevance of some stakeholder comments may be limited to proposed decision aid programs that employ an analytic approach based upon decision analysis modeling like the one developed by our group. | "So if it's really important to a man to minimize his risk of urinary trouble, for example, he can weight that more heavily." Their approach can help incorporate other patient-specific factors, such as age and personal preferences for outcomes, into treatment decisions when cancer genomics information is also available to estimate individual risk of cancer recurrence. Findings Published
While the researchers are developing the tool specifically for prostate cancer, they can imagine many other potential applications. | Our stakeholder engagement study provides valuable insights into how to effectively communicate GC results in a patient-centered approach . Although many of the insights from stakeholders shown in Table 1 may be generalizable to other clinical situations where genomic test results provide personalized estimates of cancer recurrence, the relevance of some stakeholder comments may be limited to proposed decision aid programs that employ an analytic approach based upon decision analysis modeling like the one developed by our group. It is important to note that all members of our patient stakeholder group reported at least a college degree, and most members had a graduate degree, so our study may fail to fully reflect the broader population. | [3.0, 2.0, 1.0, 3.0, 2.0] | Computer_Science | train | 2.2 | news | http://healthmedicinet.com/news/uva-aims-to-help-patients-with-cancer-make-complex-care-decisions/ |
10.1287/mnsc.2016.2500 | Computer_Science_137 | Other key findings from the study:
Charging for the first or second checked bag improved on-time departure performance for all major airlines--including Southwest Airlines, which does not charge for the first two bags--because it creates savings due to a cultural shift among US passengers to travel with less baggage. | We show that, at the aggregate level, the airlines that began charging for one checked bag saw a significant relative improvement in their on-time departure performance in the 35-day period afterwards, compared to the airlines that were not charging for a checked bag during the same time period. | The reductions are significant because departure times and mitigating delays are crucial to so many other facets of the business, such as the number of flights airlines can offer and their image among potential customers. Other key findings from the study:
Charging for the first or second checked bag improved on-time departure performance for all major airlines--including Southwest Airlines, which does not charge for the first two bags--because it creates savings due to a cultural shift among US passengers to travel with less baggage. This shift resulted in a lower demand for airport labor-intensive, back-end operations such as baggage handling and security checks, which are shared resources across airlines. | As Southwest Airlines might have gotten new customers who used to fly the now-baggage fee charging airlines, we do not have a true experiment, and consequently we do not employ a traditional difference-in-difference approach in our analysis. We show that, at the aggregate level, the airlines that began charging for one checked bag saw a significant relative improvement in their on-time departure performance in the 35-day period afterwards, compared to the airlines that were not charging for a checked bag during the same time period. When grouped into 'low-cost' versus 'legacy' carriers, however, we find opposite effects: the departure performance of the low-cost airlines became worse while it improved for the legacy carriers. | [4.0, 4.0, 3.0, 4.0] | Computer_Science | train | 3.75 | news | http://www.futurity.org/airplanes-baggage-fees-1234212-2/ |
10.1177/1080569913501862 | Computer_Science_139 | Young people, 94% of whom own a mobile phone, find the whole spectrum of phone behavior more acceptable than older people, by a significant margin:
USC
Those differences are still there, if less pronounced, for more formal meetings:
USC
Certain parts of phone etiquette remain constant, but for younger people in particular, it's worth taking into account the people you're working with before making a grab for an iPhone. | Just as with formal meetings, younger professionals were more likely to accept mobile phone use during informal meetings. | Which group you fall in is all about age and gender. When compared to women, men are almost twice as likely to find things like texting or answering calls appropriate in an informal meeting:
USC
There's also a massive difference based on age. Young people, 94% of whom own a mobile phone, find the whole spectrum of phone behavior more acceptable than older people, by a significant margin:
USC
Those differences are still there, if less pronounced, for more formal meetings:
USC
Certain parts of phone etiquette remain constant, but for younger people in particular, it's worth taking into account the people you're working with before making a grab for an iPhone. | In the informal meeting setting (see Model 2 in Table 5 ), the following variables were significant predictors: age, gender, and region. Just as with formal meetings, younger professionals were more likely to accept mobile phone use during informal meetings. Women showed far less acceptance for the use of mobile phones during informal meetings. | [5.0, 4.0, 4.0, 5.0, 3.0] | Computer_Science | train | 4.2 | news | http://www.businessinsider.com/gender-differences-in-phone-etiquette-2013-10 |
10.1007/s10055-018-0346-3 | Computer_Science_14 | Many of the participants said the immersive "presence" while using VR allowed them to focus better. | This leads us to the possibility that a spatial virtual memory palace, experienced in an immersive virtual environment, could enhance learning and recall by leveraging the integration of vestibular and proprioceptive inputs (overall sense of body position, movement, and acceleration) ). | The results showed an 8.8 per cent improvement overall in recall accuracy using the VR headsets, a statistically significant number. Many of the participants said the immersive "presence" while using VR allowed them to focus better. "This leads to the possibility that an immersive virtual environment could enhance learning and recall by leveraging a person's overall sense of body position, movement and acceleration," said Catherine Plaisant, Senior Research Scientist in University of Maryland Institute for Advanced Computer Studies. | Lastly, place cells in the hippocampus activate in specific spatial locations, independent of orientation, providing an internal representation of the environment . This leads us to the possibility that a spatial virtual memory palace, experienced in an immersive virtual environment, could enhance learning and recall by leveraging the integration of vestibular and proprioceptive inputs (overall sense of body position, movement, and acceleration) ). This study found that the users who used a graphics desktop environment as the basis for their method of loci performed better than those using a mental scene of their choice, and those who were not instructed on a memory strategy did not perform as well as those who were instructed to use the memory strategy. | [3.0, 1.0, 4.0, 3.0] | Computer_Science | train | 2.75 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34313063783&p=1pl&v=1&x=TCex6cBLjKUBpfnsnX7wYA |
10.1016/j.robot.2015.01.003 | Computer_Science_140 | "The most important thing is that even though this abstract notion is learned based on the visual input, it ends up being independent from it, and thus works for all environments; the same way our notion of space does not depend on the particular scene we see." | Finally, the results highlight the fact that the proposed approach relies entirely on the properties of the raw sensorimotor flow. | These low-probability events may be used by the brain to construct general perceptual notions." "The most important thing is that even though this abstract notion is learned based on the visual input, it ends up being independent from it, and thus works for all environments; the same way our notion of space does not depend on the particular scene we see." "The tricky part of our study was that the robot had to complete this task by looking into the distorted images only, just like humans learn to compensate for the distortion introduced by eye glasses," Terekhov said. | Having a robot explore its environment for an extended period of time may thus be an inevitable cost to be paid for the autonomous emergence of such perceptual notions. Finally, the results highlight the fact that the proposed approach relies entirely on the properties of the raw sensorimotor flow. We thus believe that any perceptive knowledge should be discovered and grounded in sensorimotor experience. | [2.0, 1.0, 2.0] | Computer_Science | train | 1.666667 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=37406801001&p=1pl&v=1&x=ssZ2MTLzJwq_5rjL57WYwg |
10.1177/1080569913501862 | Computer_Science_141 | Higher-income professionals had less tolerance for smartphone use in business meetings. | Women showed far less acceptance for the use of mobile phones during informal meetings. | Despite the casual reputation, professionals from the West Coast were less accepting of mobile phone use in meetings than people from the East Coast. Higher-income professionals had less tolerance for smartphone use in business meetings. Dramatic age gap: Younger professionals were nearly three times as likely as older professionals to think tapping out a message over a business lunch is appropriate -- 66 percent of people under 30 said texting or emailing was okay, compared to just 20 percent of those aged 51-65. | Just as with formal meetings, younger professionals were more likely to accept mobile phone use during informal meetings. Women showed far less acceptance for the use of mobile phones during informal meetings. Also, professionals from the Southwest were less likely to be accepting of mobile phone use during informal meetings. | [4.0, 1.0, 2.0, 2.0, 3.0] | Computer_Science | train | 2.4 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/10/131024182551.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Latest+Science+News%29 |
10.1016/j.robot.2015.01.003 | Computer_Science_142 | Terekhov and his colleagues showed that the notion of space as environment-independent cannot be deduced only by exteroceptive information, as this information varies greatly depending on what is found in the environment. | Finally, the results highlight the fact that the proposed approach relies entirely on the properties of the raw sensorimotor flow. | If we want robots to be truly intelligent, we should not build them using abstract notions, but instead, provide them with algorithms that will allow them to develop such notions themselves." Terekhov and his colleagues showed that the notion of space as environment-independent cannot be deduced only by exteroceptive information, as this information varies greatly depending on what is found in the environment. This notion could be better defined by looking into functions that link motor commands to changes in stimuli that are external to the agent. | Having a robot explore its environment for an extended period of time may thus be an inevitable cost to be paid for the autonomous emergence of such perceptual notions. Finally, the results highlight the fact that the proposed approach relies entirely on the properties of the raw sensorimotor flow. We thus believe that any perceptive knowledge should be discovered and grounded in sensorimotor experience. | [1.0, 1.0, 2.0, 1.0, 3.0] | Computer_Science | train | 1.6 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=37406801001&p=1pl&v=1&x=ssZ2MTLzJwq_5rjL57WYwg |
10.1186/s12911-017-0526-1 | Computer_Science_143 | Their approach can help incorporate other patient-specific factors, such as age and personal preferences for outcomes, into treatment decisions when cancer genomics information is also available to estimate individual risk of cancer recurrence. | Stakeholders were enthusiastic about the potential value of using decision analysis modeling with personalized model inputs for cancer recurrence risk, as well as competing risks from age and comorbidities, to generate a patient-centered tool to assist decision-making. | "So if it's really important to a man to minimize his risk of urinary trouble, for example, he can weight that more heavily." Their approach can help incorporate other patient-specific factors, such as age and personal preferences for outcomes, into treatment decisions when cancer genomics information is also available to estimate individual risk of cancer recurrence. Findings Published
While the researchers are developing the tool specifically for prostate cancer, they can imagine many other potential applications. | Results: The majority of stakeholder suggestions focused on aspects of decision aid design and formatting. Stakeholders were enthusiastic about the potential value of using decision analysis modeling with personalized model inputs for cancer recurrence risk, as well as competing risks from age and comorbidities, to generate a patient-centered tool to assist decision-making. Stakeholders did not view privacy considerations as a major barrier to the proposed decision aid program. | [3.0, 4.0, 3.0, 3.0, 4.0] | Computer_Science | train | 3.4 | news | http://healthmedicinet.com/news/uva-aims-to-help-patients-with-cancer-make-complex-care-decisions/ |
10.1177/1080569913501862 | Computer_Science_145 | Despite the casual reputation, professionals from the West Coast were less accepting of mobile phone use in meetings than people from the East Coast. | We are intrigued by the result that professionals with higher incomes are less accepting of mobile phone use in meetings. | Similarly, 50 percent of men said it was acceptable to answer a call at a power lunch, compared to 26 percent of women. Despite the casual reputation, professionals from the West Coast were less accepting of mobile phone use in meetings than people from the East Coast. Higher-income professionals had less tolerance for smartphone use in business meetings. | We are less sure about a possible explanation for lower acceptance for mobile phone behaviors among professionals in the West. We are intrigued by the result that professionals with higher incomes are less accepting of mobile phone use in meetings. We suspect that one explanation is that higher-income at UNIV TORONTO on May 10, 2016 bcq.sagepub.com Downloaded from professionals are often in higher-status positions. | [2.0, 2.0, 4.0] | Computer_Science | train | 2.666667 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/10/131024182551.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Latest+Science+News%29 |
10.1287/mnsc.2016.2500 | Computer_Science_146 | Southwest's improved departure time performance was not as significant as its rival airlines, which did charge for checked bags, and it appears to have hurt one of Southwest's historical competitive advantages in customer service. | In hindsight, however, this may not have been the right decision given the performance deterioration observed after they began charging for the two checked bags. | So, a drop in total baggage volume benefits not only the airlines that charge baggage fees but also those that do not. Southwest's improved departure time performance was not as significant as its rival airlines, which did charge for checked bags, and it appears to have hurt one of Southwest's historical competitive advantages in customer service. Southwest's "bags fly free" policy is likely not free based on lost opportunity cost, mostly because it could be offering more flights per day with increased boarding times due to charging for checked bags. | We have an indication that this occurred at some level as our results support the argument that after initially observing little performance decline, the airlines felt the need to shorten their scheduled block times. In hindsight, however, this may not have been the right decision given the performance deterioration observed after they began charging for the two checked bags. Increased boarding times as a result of baggage fees have financial implications as well. | [2.0, 3.0, 3.0, 2.0, 2.0] | Computer_Science | train | 2.4 | news | http://www.futurity.org/airplanes-baggage-fees-1234212-2/ |
10.1287/mnsc.2016.2500 | Computer_Science_148 | Other key findings from the study:
Charging for the first or second checked bag improved on-time departure performance for all major airlines--including Southwest Airlines, which does not charge for the first two bags--because it creates savings due to a cultural shift among US passengers to travel with less baggage. | When the other airlines began charging for the first two checked bags, however, Southwest's decision appears to be in line with their strategy. | The reductions are significant because departure times and mitigating delays are crucial to so many other facets of the business, such as the number of flights airlines can offer and their image among potential customers. Other key findings from the study:
Charging for the first or second checked bag improved on-time departure performance for all major airlines--including Southwest Airlines, which does not charge for the first two bags--because it creates savings due to a cultural shift among US passengers to travel with less baggage. This shift resulted in a lower demand for airport labor-intensive, back-end operations such as baggage handling and security checks, which are shared resources across airlines. | When the other airlines started charging for one checked bag, Southwest Airlines' decision to not charge for bags went against their high operational service level strategy as their relative departure delay performance initially decreased. When the other airlines began charging for the first two checked bags, however, Southwest's decision appears to be in line with their strategy. While bags may not really "fly free" in an operational sense at Southwest, not charging passengers for checking bags does seem to help avoid the worst carry-on abuses seen at other airlines that have led to a degradation of on-time departure performance. | [2.0, 4.0, 2.0, 3.0] | Computer_Science | train | 2.75 | news | http://www.futurity.org/airplanes-baggage-fees-1234212-2/ |
10.1126/science.aaf2654 | Computer_Science_15 | "This is a challenge that should be on the mind of carmakers and regulators alike," the scholars write. | This is a challenge that should be on the mind of carmakers and regulators alike. | In the survey, respondents said they were only one-third as likely to purchase a vehicle regulated this way, as opposed to an unregulated vehicle, which could presumably be programmed in any fashion. "This is a challenge that should be on the mind of carmakers and regulators alike," the scholars write. Moreover, if autonomous vehicles actually turned out to be safer than regular cars, unease over the dilemmas of regulation "may paradoxically increase casualties by postponing the adoption of a safer technology." | Second and worse, our results suggest that such a regulation could significantly delay the adoption of AVswhich means that the lives saved by making AVs utilitarian may be outnumbered by the deaths caused by delaying the adoption of the AVs altogether, with their other safety enhancing technologies. This is a challenge that should be on the mind of carmakers and regulators alike. Moral algorithms for AVs will need to tackle more intricate decisions than that we have considered in our surveys. | [5.0, 5.0, 5.0] | Computer_Science | train | 5 | news | http://healthmedicinet.com/news/moral-dilemma-with-driverless-cars-who-gets-protected-the-driver-or-pedestrians/ |
10.1098/rstb.2008.0288 | Computer_Science_150 | Maguire thinks that The Knowledge may enlarge the hippocampus's posterior (rear) at the expense of its anterior (front), creating a trade-off of cognitive talents--that is, taxi drivers master some forms of memory but become worse at others. | This failure to find an association between hippocampal volume and navigational expertise thus suggests that structural differences in the hippocampus of taxi drivers reflect the detail and/or duration of the use of the spatial representation acquired and not innate navigational expertise per se. | The successful trainees did not perform better on all tests of memory, however. Maguire thinks that The Knowledge may enlarge the hippocampus's posterior (rear) at the expense of its anterior (front), creating a trade-off of cognitive talents--that is, taxi drivers master some forms of memory but become worse at others. She didn't find this same difference in her new study because, she speculates, front-end shrinkage may happen after the four years of training. | Despite this group showing a wide range of navigational expertise, there was no association between expertise and posterior hippocampal grey matter volume (or, indeed, Review. This failure to find an association between hippocampal volume and navigational expertise thus suggests that structural differences in the hippocampus of taxi drivers reflect the detail and/or duration of the use of the spatial representation acquired and not innate navigational expertise per se. Clearly, taxi drivers in London have to learn a vast amount of information. | [3.0, 4.0, 4.0, 4.0, 4.0] | Computer_Science | train | 3.8 | news | http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=london-taxi-memory |
10.1007/s10055-018-0346-3 | Computer_Science_151 | They found that people remember information better if it is presented to them in a virtual environment. | We believe this is a first step in using virtual environments for creating more memorable experiences that enhance productivity through better recall of large amounts of information organized using the idea of virtual memory palaces. | Virtual Reality helped patients recall old memories by providing new stimuli difficult to achieve, due to ill health, or inaccessible within a secure environment. They found that people remember information better if it is presented to them in a virtual environment. "This data is exciting in that it suggests that immersive environments could offer new pathways for improved outcomes in education and high-proficiency training," said Amitabh Varshney, Professor of Computer Science, in a survey published in the journal Virtual Reality. | We found that virtual memory palaces in HMD condition provide a superior memory recall ability compared to the desktop condition. We believe this is a first step in using virtual environments for creating more memorable experiences that enhance productivity through better recall of large amounts of information organized using the idea of virtual memory palaces. The technique of memory palaces provides a natural spatial mnemonic to assist in recall. | [5.0, 5.0, 4.0, 3.0, 5.0] | Computer_Science | train | 4.4 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34313063783&p=1pl&v=1&x=TCex6cBLjKUBpfnsnX7wYA |
10.1007/s10055-018-0346-3 | Computer_Science_152 | They found that people remember information better if it is presented to them in a virtual environment. | Such findings of contextdependent memory have interesting implications for virtual environments that have not yet been fully explored. | Virtual Reality helped patients recall old memories by providing new stimuli difficult to achieve, due to ill health, or inaccessible within a secure environment. They found that people remember information better if it is presented to them in a virtual environment. "This data is exciting in that it suggests that immersive environments could offer new pathways for improved outcomes in education and high-proficiency training," said Amitabh Varshney, Professor of Computer Science, in a survey published in the journal Virtual Reality. | The technique of memory palaces provides a natural spatial mnemonic to assist in recall. Such findings of contextdependent memory have interesting implications for virtual environments that have not yet been fully explored. Virtual environments that mirror the scene of the crime could provide superior assistance in recall by placing the victim back into such an environment. | [3.0, 4.0, 4.0, 2.0] | Computer_Science | train | 3.25 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34313063783&p=1pl&v=1&x=TCex6cBLjKUBpfnsnX7wYA |
10.1287/mnsc.2016.2500 | Computer_Science_153 | Southwest's improved departure time performance was not as significant as its rival airlines, which did charge for checked bags, and it appears to have hurt one of Southwest's historical competitive advantages in customer service. | Since Southwest Airlines is the only major U.S. airline that does not charge for two checked bags, it resembles a control variable of operational performance in a quasi-experiment 3 when compared against competing airlines (that did begin charging for checked bags) that operated in the same airports. | So, a drop in total baggage volume benefits not only the airlines that charge baggage fees but also those that do not. Southwest's improved departure time performance was not as significant as its rival airlines, which did charge for checked bags, and it appears to have hurt one of Southwest's historical competitive advantages in customer service. Southwest's "bags fly free" policy is likely not free based on lost opportunity cost, mostly because it could be offering more flights per day with increased boarding times due to charging for checked bags. | Thus, the implementation of checked bag fees (a marketing decision) provides an ideal setting to study how an industry changed, or coordinated, their operations to respond to this marketing strategy change. Since Southwest Airlines is the only major U.S. airline that does not charge for two checked bags, it resembles a control variable of operational performance in a quasi-experiment 3 when compared against competing airlines (that did begin charging for checked bags) that operated in the same airports. As Southwest Airlines might have gotten new customers who used to fly the now-baggage fee charging airlines, we do not have a true experiment, and consequently we do not employ a traditional difference-in-difference approach in our analysis. | [3.0, 2.0, 4.0, 4.0] | Computer_Science | train | 3.25 | news | http://www.futurity.org/airplanes-baggage-fees-1234212-2/ |
10.1007/s10055-018-0346-3 | Computer_Science_154 | They found that people remember information better if it is presented to them in a virtual environment. | Our study provides a tantalizing glimpse into what may lie ahead in virtual-environment-based tools to enhance human memory. | Virtual Reality helped patients recall old memories by providing new stimuli difficult to achieve, due to ill health, or inaccessible within a secure environment. They found that people remember information better if it is presented to them in a virtual environment. "This data is exciting in that it suggests that immersive environments could offer new pathways for improved outcomes in education and high-proficiency training," said Amitabh Varshney, Professor of Computer Science, in a survey published in the journal Virtual Reality. | If memory recall could be enhanced through immersively experiencing the environment in which the information was learned, it would suggest that virtual environments could serve as a valuable tool for various facets of retrospective cognizance, including retention and recall. Our study provides a tantalizing glimpse into what may lie ahead in virtual-environment-based tools to enhance human memory. The next steps will be to identify and characterize what elements of virtual memory palaces are most effective in eliciting a superior information recall. | [3.0, 3.0, 2.0, 2.0] | Computer_Science | train | 2.5 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34313063783&p=1pl&v=1&x=TCex6cBLjKUBpfnsnX7wYA |
10.1287/mnsc.2016.2500 | Computer_Science_155 | Southwest's "bags fly free" policy is likely not free based on lost opportunity cost, mostly because it could be offering more flights per day with increased boarding times due to charging for checked bags. | The same policy may have determined a change in other passengers' behavior in the sense that fewer passengers may have checked a second bag while still flying their preferred airline. | Southwest's improved departure time performance was not as significant as its rival airlines, which did charge for checked bags, and it appears to have hurt one of Southwest's historical competitive advantages in customer service. Southwest's "bags fly free" policy is likely not free based on lost opportunity cost, mostly because it could be offering more flights per day with increased boarding times due to charging for checked bags. The study estimates Southwest loses approximately $24 million for not charging for the first checked bag and $35 million for not charging for the second one per year. | We expect that the price-insensitive passengers or those passengers traveling with only one checked bag were indifferent to this policy change. The same policy may have determined a change in other passengers' behavior in the sense that fewer passengers may have checked a second bag while still flying their preferred airline. Another possible explanation is that price-sensitive customers of those airlines that charged for one checked bag started flying Southwest instead. | [2.0, 2.0, 2.0] | Computer_Science | train | 2 | news | http://www.futurity.org/airplanes-baggage-fees-1234212-2/ |
10.1007/s10055-018-0346-3 | Computer_Science_156 | The researchers found that people remember information better if it is presented to them in a virtual environment. | If memory recall could be enhanced through immersively experiencing the environment in which the information was learned, it would suggest that virtual environments could serve as a valuable tool for various facets of retrospective cognizance, including retention and recall. | Photo by John T. C This data is exciting in that it suggests that immersive environments could offer new pathways for improved outcomes in education and high-proficiency training. The researchers found that people remember information better if it is presented to them in a virtual environment. "This data is exciting in that it suggests that immersive environments could offer new pathways for improved outcomes in education and high-proficiency training," says Amitabh Varshney, professor of computer science and dean of the College of Computer, Mathematical, and Natural Sciences at UMD. | Given the results of our user study, we believe that virtual memory palaces offer us a fascinating insight into how we may be able to organize and structure large information spaces and navigate them in ways that assist in superior recall. If memory recall could be enhanced through immersively experiencing the environment in which the information was learned, it would suggest that virtual environments could serve as a valuable tool for various facets of retrospective cognizance, including retention and recall. Our study provides a tantalizing glimpse into what may lie ahead in virtual-environment-based tools to enhance human memory. | [3.0, 5.0, 4.0, 5.0] | Computer_Science | train | 4.25 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34297170515&p=1pl&v=1&x=aVyQCHIh9o0JvS5uzKIpiQ |
10.1177/1080569913501862 | Computer_Science_158 | Despite the casual reputation, professionals from the West Coast were less accepting of mobile phone use in meetings than people from the East Coast. | Also, higher-income professionals showed lower acceptance for mobile phone use during meetings. | Similarly, 50 percent of men said it was acceptable to answer a call at a power lunch, compared to 26 percent of women. Despite the casual reputation, professionals from the West Coast were less accepting of mobile phone use in meetings than people from the East Coast. Higher-income professionals had less tolerance for smartphone use in business meetings. | Not surprisingly, younger professionals were more likely to consider various mobile phone behaviors as appropriate during meetings. Also, higher-income professionals showed lower acceptance for mobile phone use during meetings. Finally, professionals in the Western region of the United States were less accepting of mobile phone use during meetings. | [2.0, 4.0, 2.0] | Computer_Science | train | 2.666667 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/10/131024182551.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Latest+Science+News%29 |
10.1177/1080569913501862 | Computer_Science_16 | Despite the casual reputation, professionals from the West Coast were less accepting of mobile phone use in meetings than people from the East Coast. | Also, professionals from the Southwest were less likely to be accepting of mobile phone use during informal meetings. | Similarly, 50 percent of men said it was acceptable to answer a call at a power lunch, compared to 26 percent of women. Despite the casual reputation, professionals from the West Coast were less accepting of mobile phone use in meetings than people from the East Coast. Higher-income professionals had less tolerance for smartphone use in business meetings. | Women showed far less acceptance for the use of mobile phones during informal meetings. Also, professionals from the Southwest were less likely to be accepting of mobile phone use during informal meetings. Based on the findings, we have made several basic conclusions. | [4.0, 3.0, 3.0, 4.0] | Computer_Science | train | 3.5 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/10/131024182551.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Latest+Science+News%29 |
10.1287/mnsc.2016.2500 | Computer_Science_160 | Southwest's improved departure time performance was not as significant as its rival airlines, which did charge for checked bags, and it appears to have hurt one of Southwest's historical competitive advantages in customer service. | We have an indication that this occurred at some level as our results support the argument that after initially observing little performance decline, the airlines felt the need to shorten their scheduled block times. | So, a drop in total baggage volume benefits not only the airlines that charge baggage fees but also those that do not. Southwest's improved departure time performance was not as significant as its rival airlines, which did charge for checked bags, and it appears to have hurt one of Southwest's historical competitive advantages in customer service. Southwest's "bags fly free" policy is likely not free based on lost opportunity cost, mostly because it could be offering more flights per day with increased boarding times due to charging for checked bags. | Ultimately, operations managers need to be involved in the discussions about marketing initiatives such as this one to evaluate the operational impact of marketing initiatives. We have an indication that this occurred at some level as our results support the argument that after initially observing little performance decline, the airlines felt the need to shorten their scheduled block times. In hindsight, however, this may not have been the right decision given the performance deterioration observed after they began charging for the two checked bags. | [1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 2.0] | Computer_Science | train | 1.25 | news | http://www.futurity.org/airplanes-baggage-fees-1234212-2/ |
10.1287/mnsc.2016.2500 | Computer_Science_161 | The number of baggage-related complaints per 1,000 passengers dropped as airlines' departure delay performance improved once most charged for checked bags. | These findings indicate that the baggage fees did influence customer behavior, but in the case of charging for both checked bags, not in the direction the airlines had hoped for. | The most positive changes in on-time departures occurred at major hub airports because less checked bags had to be moved through massive systems once passengers change planes. The number of baggage-related complaints per 1,000 passengers dropped as airlines' departure delay performance improved once most charged for checked bags. The findings likely open the door for future research on how the unbundling of airline services influences the performance of their operations, Arikan says. | When the airlines began charging for two checked bags, we find no significant change in departure performance of legacy carriers, but a degradation of departure performance of low-cost carriers. These findings indicate that the baggage fees did influence customer behavior, but in the case of charging for both checked bags, not in the direction the airlines had hoped for. The degradation of departure performance appears to be especially bad for the low-cost carriers, as it appears that their more price sensitive passengers may have begun carrying on more baggage to avoid the checked bag fees. | [4.0, 2.0, 1.0, 3.0, 4.0] | Computer_Science | train | 2.8 | news | http://www.futurity.org/airplanes-baggage-fees-1234212-2/ |
10.1287/mnsc.2016.2500 | Computer_Science_162 | The findings, published in the journal Management Science, shows airlines improved their median departure time between 3.3 to 4.2 minutes and reduced average departure delays between 1.3 to 2 minutes, depending on whether they charged for the first or second checked bag. | Tobit regression model is appropriate here. | The below-the-cabin effect dominates the above-the-cabin effect." The findings, published in the journal Management Science, shows airlines improved their median departure time between 3.3 to 4.2 minutes and reduced average departure delays between 1.3 to 2 minutes, depending on whether they charged for the first or second checked bag. The reductions are significant because departure times and mitigating delays are crucial to so many other facets of the business, such as the number of flights airlines can offer and their image among potential customers. | Hence, a Tobit regression model is appropriate here. The estimation model of the impact of the checked bag fees on the spillover-adjusted departure delay is shown in (1). | [3.0, 1.0, 1.0] | Computer_Science | train | 1.666667 | news | http://www.futurity.org/airplanes-baggage-fees-1234212-2/ |
10.1007/s10055-018-0346-3 | Computer_Science_163 | "This leads to the possibility that a spatial virtual memory palace -- experienced in an immersive virtual environment -- could enhance learning and recall by leveraging a person's overall sense of body position, movement and acceleration," Plaisant says. | Other directions of future studies could include elements in the architecture of the virtual memory palaces such as their design, the visual saliency of the structure of model , their type, and various kinds of layouts and distribution of content that could help with recall. | This was reflected in the research results: 40 percent of the participants scored at least 10 percent higher in recall ability using VR over the desktop display. "This leads to the possibility that a spatial virtual memory palace -- experienced in an immersive virtual environment -- could enhance learning and recall by leveraging a person's overall sense of body position, movement and acceleration," Plaisant says. The UMD team believes this study will lay the groundwork for other scientific inquiry on the value of VR and AR for education. | It will be valuable to study how the addition of translation impacts information recall in a virtual memory palace. Other directions of future studies could include elements in the architecture of the virtual memory palaces such as their design, the visual saliency of the structure of model , their type, and various kinds of layouts and distribution of content that could help with recall. Another interesting future work would be to allow people to build their own virtual memory palaces, manipulate and organize the content on their own, and then ask them to recall that information. | [3.0, 2.0, 3.0, 5.0, 3.0] | Computer_Science | train | 3.2 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34299069033&p=1pl&v=1&x=XwPIOwPBqw9PE_RGIV509w |
10.1007/s10055-018-0346-3 | Computer_Science_164 | They found that people remember information better if it is presented to them in a virtual environment. | Approximately a third mentioned that they actively used the virtual memory palace setup by associating the information relative to their own body. | Virtual Reality helped patients recall old memories by providing new stimuli difficult to achieve, due to ill health, or inaccessible within a secure environment. They found that people remember information better if it is presented to them in a virtual environment. "This data is exciting in that it suggests that immersive environments could offer new pathways for improved outcomes in education and high-proficiency training," said Amitabh Varshney, Professor of Computer Science, in a survey published in the journal Virtual Reality. | In addition, a majority of the users (70%) reported that HMD afforded them a superior sense of the spatial awareness which they claimed was important to their success. Approximately a third mentioned that they actively used the virtual memory palace setup by associating the information relative to their own body. This ability to associate information with the spatial context around the body only adds to the benefit of increased immersion afforded by the HMD. | [2.0, 4.0, 3.0, 2.0, 5.0] | Computer_Science | train | 3.2 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34313063783&p=1pl&v=1&x=TCex6cBLjKUBpfnsnX7wYA |
10.1177/1080569913501862 | Computer_Science_166 | Despite the casual reputation, professionals from the West Coast were less accepting of mobile phone use in meetings than people from the East Coast. | Women showed far less acceptance for the use of mobile phones during informal meetings. | Similarly, 50 percent of men said it was acceptable to answer a call at a power lunch, compared to 26 percent of women. Despite the casual reputation, professionals from the West Coast were less accepting of mobile phone use in meetings than people from the East Coast. Higher-income professionals had less tolerance for smartphone use in business meetings. | Just as with formal meetings, younger professionals were more likely to accept mobile phone use during informal meetings. Women showed far less acceptance for the use of mobile phones during informal meetings. Also, professionals from the Southwest were less likely to be accepting of mobile phone use during informal meetings. | [3.0, 4.0, 1.0, 1.0, 4.0] | Computer_Science | train | 2 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/10/131024182551.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Latest+Science+News%29 |
10.1098/rstb.2008.0288 | Computer_Science_168 | With the new research, scientists can definitively say that London taxi drivers not only have larger-than-average memory centers in their brains, but also that their intensive training is responsible for the growth. | Full-time taxi drivers had significantly greater grey matter volume in the posterior hippocampus than retired taxi drivers, who had greater volume in this region than the non-taxi driver retired control participants (figure 6d ). | These navigational demands stimulate brain development, concludes a study five years in the making. With the new research, scientists can definitively say that London taxi drivers not only have larger-than-average memory centers in their brains, but also that their intensive training is responsible for the growth. Researchers noticed that a part of the brain called the hippocampus was much larger in these animals than in similar species that did not secret away their snacks. | In line with the pattern of behavioural tests, it seems that the structural brain changes observed in taxi drivers in our previous studies may also reverse in retired taxi drivers. Full-time taxi drivers had significantly greater grey matter volume in the posterior hippocampus than retired taxi drivers, who had greater volume in this region than the non-taxi driver retired control participants (figure 6d ). Clearly, increased numbers of participants are required to confirm these findings. | [2.0, 5.0, 4.0, 3.0, 3.0] | Computer_Science | train | 3.4 | news | http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=london-taxi-memory |
10.1007/s10055-018-0346-3 | Computer_Science_169 | The researchers found that people remember information better if it is presented to them in a virtual environment. | Other directions of future studies could include elements in the architecture of the virtual memory palaces such as their design, the visual saliency of the structure of model , their type, and various kinds of layouts and distribution of content that could help with recall. | Photo by John T. C This data is exciting in that it suggests that immersive environments could offer new pathways for improved outcomes in education and high-proficiency training. The researchers found that people remember information better if it is presented to them in a virtual environment. "This data is exciting in that it suggests that immersive environments could offer new pathways for improved outcomes in education and high-proficiency training," says Amitabh Varshney, professor of computer science and dean of the College of Computer, Mathematical, and Natural Sciences at UMD. | It will be valuable to study how the addition of translation impacts information recall in a virtual memory palace. Other directions of future studies could include elements in the architecture of the virtual memory palaces such as their design, the visual saliency of the structure of model , their type, and various kinds of layouts and distribution of content that could help with recall. Another interesting future work would be to allow people to build their own virtual memory palaces, manipulate and organize the content on their own, and then ask them to recall that information. | [2.0, 4.0, 2.0, 2.0, 1.0] | Computer_Science | train | 2.2 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34297170515&p=1pl&v=1&x=aVyQCHIh9o0JvS5uzKIpiQ |
10.1177/1080569913501862 | Computer_Science_17 | Higher-income professionals had less tolerance for smartphone use in business meetings. | We are intrigued by the result that professionals with higher incomes are less accepting of mobile phone use in meetings. | Despite the casual reputation, professionals from the West Coast were less accepting of mobile phone use in meetings than people from the East Coast. Higher-income professionals had less tolerance for smartphone use in business meetings. Dramatic age gap: Younger professionals were nearly three times as likely as older professionals to think tapping out a message over a business lunch is appropriate -- 66 percent of people under 30 said texting or emailing was okay, compared to just 20 percent of those aged 51-65. | We are less sure about a possible explanation for lower acceptance for mobile phone behaviors among professionals in the West. We are intrigued by the result that professionals with higher incomes are less accepting of mobile phone use in meetings. We suspect that one explanation is that higher-income at UNIV TORONTO on May 10, 2016 bcq.sagepub.com Downloaded from professionals are often in higher-status positions. | [5.0, 5.0, 5.0, 5.0] | Computer_Science | train | 5 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/10/131024182551.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Latest+Science+News%29 |
10.1007/s10055-018-0346-3 | Computer_Science_170 | The researchers found that people remember information better if it is presented to them in a virtual environment. | Given the results of our user study, we believe that virtual memory palaces offer us a fascinating insight into how we may be able to organize and structure large information spaces and navigate them in ways that assist in superior recall. | Photo by John T. C This data is exciting in that it suggests that immersive environments could offer new pathways for improved outcomes in education and high-proficiency training. The researchers found that people remember information better if it is presented to them in a virtual environment. "This data is exciting in that it suggests that immersive environments could offer new pathways for improved outcomes in education and high-proficiency training," says Amitabh Varshney, professor of computer science and dean of the College of Computer, Mathematical, and Natural Sciences at UMD. | This suggests an exciting opportunity for the role of immersive virtual environments in assisting in recall. Given the results of our user study, we believe that virtual memory palaces offer us a fascinating insight into how we may be able to organize and structure large information spaces and navigate them in ways that assist in superior recall. If memory recall could be enhanced through immersively experiencing the environment in which the information was learned, it would suggest that virtual environments could serve as a valuable tool for various facets of retrospective cognizance, including retention and recall. | [4.0, 2.0, 1.0, 3.0, 4.0] | Computer_Science | train | 2.8 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34297170515&p=1pl&v=1&x=aVyQCHIh9o0JvS5uzKIpiQ |
10.1007/s10055-018-0346-3 | Computer_Science_171 | The researchers found that people remember information better if it is presented to them in a virtual environment. | It will be valuable to study how the addition of translation impacts information recall in a virtual memory palace. | The researchers found that people remember information better if it is presented to them in a virtual environment. "This data is exciting in that it suggests that immersive environments could offer new pathways for improved outcomes in education and high-proficiency training," says Amitabh Varshney, professor of computer science and dean of the College of Computer, Mathematical, and Natural Sciences at UMD. The results showed an 8.8 percent improvement overall in recall accuracy using the VR headsets, a statistically significant number according to the research team. | The next steps will be to identify and characterize what elements of virtual memory palaces are most effective in eliciting a superior information recall. It will be valuable to study how the addition of translation impacts information recall in a virtual memory palace. Other directions of future studies could include elements in the architecture of the virtual memory palaces such as their design, the visual saliency of the structure of model , their type, and various kinds of layouts and distribution of content that could help with recall. | [4.0, 2.0, 1.0, 2.0] | Computer_Science | train | 2.25 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34299069033&p=1pl&v=1&x=XwPIOwPBqw9PE_RGIV509w |
10.1186/s12911-017-0526-1 | Computer_Science_172 | The stakeholders - 22 in all - concluded that patients need a way to compare the treatment options in a fashion personalized for them, incorporating factors such as age, personal priorities, genomics-defined risk of cancer recurrence and other health conditions. | Stakeholders were enthusiastic about the potential value of using decision analysis modeling with personalized model inputs for risk of cancer recurrence and other patient-specific factors such as age, other medical problems and lifestyle. | And that tool could ultimately benefit not just those patients but a broad spectrum of patients making complex care decisions based on their tumor's genomic information. The stakeholders - 22 in all - concluded that patients need a way to compare the treatment options in a fashion personalized for them, incorporating factors such as age, personal priorities, genomics-defined risk of cancer recurrence and other health conditions. It would be for discussion with their doctor. | It was recommended that the decision aid format be interactive, with patients being able to iteratively adjust model inputs to see the impact on model outcomes. Stakeholders were enthusiastic about the potential value of using decision analysis modeling with personalized model inputs for risk of cancer recurrence and other patient-specific factors such as age, other medical problems and lifestyle. Table 2 displays key decision aid elements that were identified based on stakeholder engagement that will be used to design a more effective patient-centered tool. | [5.0, 2.0, 3.0] | Computer_Science | train | 3 | news | http://healthmedicinet.com/news/uva-aims-to-help-patients-with-cancer-make-complex-care-decisions/ |
10.1007/978-3-642-55220-5_1 | Computer_Science_173 | The algorithm they devised stands out from the best algorithms known to date for this problem. | The key features of our algorithm are the following. | Although this work is still theoretical, it is likely to have repercussions especially on the cryptographic applications of smart cards, RFID chips (2), etc. The algorithm they devised stands out from the best algorithms known to date for this problem. Not only is it significantly easier to explain, but its complexity is also considerably improved. | It remains super-polynomial in the size of the input, but offers a major asymptotic improvement compared to L(1/4 + o(1)). The key features of our algorithm are the following. -The algorithmic building blocks are elementary. | [1.0, 2.0, 4.0, 3.0] | Computer_Science | train | 2.5 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/05/140515163739.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28Latest+Science+News+--+ScienceDaily%29 |
10.1098/rstb.2008.0288 | Computer_Science_175 | It seemed that the longer someone had been driving a taxi, the larger his hippocampus, as though the brain expanded to accommodate the cognitive demands of navigating London's streets. | In particular, the correlations between time taxi driving and hippocampal grey matter volume suggest that experience drives the patterns observed. | In other words, taxi drivers had plumper memory centers than their peers. It seemed that the longer someone had been driving a taxi, the larger his hippocampus, as though the brain expanded to accommodate the cognitive demands of navigating London's streets. But it was also possible that The Knowledge selected for people whose memory centers were larger than average in the first place. | We have established that navigation expertise is associated with structural brain differences and behavioural consequences, both positive and negative. In particular, the correlations between time taxi driving and hippocampal grey matter volume suggest that experience drives the patterns observed. This longitudinal approach will also permit the examination of the characteristics of those who succeed at taxi driver training, and whether innate pre-training cognitive factors and/or hippocampal volume are predictive of subsequent successful qualification. | [4.0, 4.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0] | Computer_Science | train | 3.4 | news | http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=london-taxi-memory |
10.1098/rstb.2008.0288 | Computer_Science_177 | The hippocampus's rear section seems to be important for spatial navigation specifically, but Maguire says the front end's role remains more mysterious. | The hippocampus in humans is therefore necessary for facilitating navigation even when the navigator is an expert of very longstanding. | She didn't find this same difference in her new study because, she speculates, front-end shrinkage may happen after the four years of training. The hippocampus's rear section seems to be important for spatial navigation specifically, but Maguire says the front end's role remains more mysterious. Maguire says she was "greatly relieved" by the results of her study, which appears in the December issue of Current Biology. | However, in his navigation, TT was very reliant on main artery or 'A' roads, and became lost when navigation depended instead on non-A roads (figure 4). The hippocampus in humans is therefore necessary for facilitating navigation even when the navigator is an expert of very longstanding. Thus expertise, while taking many years to Review. | [2.0, 1.0, 4.0, 4.0, 4.0] | Computer_Science | train | 4 | news | http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=london-taxi-memory |
10.1186/s12911-017-0526-1 | Computer_Science_179 | The stakeholders - 22 in all - concluded that patients need a way to compare the treatment options in a fashion personalized for them, incorporating factors such as age, personal priorities, genomics-defined risk of cancer recurrence and other health conditions. | Conclusions: A range of stakeholders provided valuable insights regarding the design of a personalized decision aid program, based upon Markov modeling with individualized model inputs, to provide a patient-centered framework to support for genomic-based treatment decisions for cancer patients. | And that tool could ultimately benefit not just those patients but a broad spectrum of patients making complex care decisions based on their tumor's genomic information. The stakeholders - 22 in all - concluded that patients need a way to compare the treatment options in a fashion personalized for them, incorporating factors such as age, personal priorities, genomics-defined risk of cancer recurrence and other health conditions. It would be for discussion with their doctor. | Emphasis was placed on the challenge of explaining the model's composite result of quality-adjusted life years. Conclusions: A range of stakeholders provided valuable insights regarding the design of a personalized decision aid program, based upon Markov modeling with individualized model inputs, to provide a patient-centered framework to support for genomic-based treatment decisions for cancer patients. The guidance provided by our stakeholders may be broadly applicable to the communication of genomic test results to patients in a patient-centered fashion that supports effective shared decision-making that represents a spectrum of personal factors such as age, medical comorbidities, and individual priorities and values. | [4.0, 2.0, 4.0] | Computer_Science | train | 3.333333 | news | http://healthmedicinet.com/news/uva-aims-to-help-patients-with-cancer-make-complex-care-decisions/ |
10.1287/mnsc.2016.2500 | Computer_Science_180 | Southwest's improved departure time performance was not as significant as its rival airlines, which did charge for checked bags, and it appears to have hurt one of Southwest's historical competitive advantages in customer service. | We show that, at the aggregate level, the airlines that began charging for one checked bag saw a significant relative improvement in their on-time departure performance in the 35-day period afterwards, compared to the airlines that were not charging for a checked bag during the same time period. | So, a drop in total baggage volume benefits not only the airlines that charge baggage fees but also those that do not. Southwest's improved departure time performance was not as significant as its rival airlines, which did charge for checked bags, and it appears to have hurt one of Southwest's historical competitive advantages in customer service. Southwest's "bags fly free" policy is likely not free based on lost opportunity cost, mostly because it could be offering more flights per day with increased boarding times due to charging for checked bags. | As Southwest Airlines might have gotten new customers who used to fly the now-baggage fee charging airlines, we do not have a true experiment, and consequently we do not employ a traditional difference-in-difference approach in our analysis. We show that, at the aggregate level, the airlines that began charging for one checked bag saw a significant relative improvement in their on-time departure performance in the 35-day period afterwards, compared to the airlines that were not charging for a checked bag during the same time period. When grouped into 'low-cost' versus 'legacy' carriers, however, we find opposite effects: the departure performance of the low-cost airlines became worse while it improved for the legacy carriers. | [4.0, 3.0, 4.0, 2.0, 2.0] | Computer_Science | train | 3 | news | http://www.futurity.org/airplanes-baggage-fees-1234212-2/ |
10.1007/s10055-018-0346-3 | Computer_Science_181 | Virtual Reality helped patients recall old memories by providing new stimuli difficult to achieve, due to ill health, or inaccessible within a secure environment. | Our study provides a tantalizing glimpse into what may lie ahead in virtual-environment-based tools to enhance human memory. | Virtual Reality helped patients recall old memories by providing new stimuli difficult to achieve, due to ill health, or inaccessible within a secure environment. They found that people remember information better if it is presented to them in a virtual environment. "This data is exciting in that it suggests that immersive environments could offer new pathways for improved outcomes in education and high-proficiency training," said Amitabh Varshney, Professor of Computer Science, in a survey published in the journal Virtual Reality. | If memory recall could be enhanced through immersively experiencing the environment in which the information was learned, it would suggest that virtual environments could serve as a valuable tool for various facets of retrospective cognizance, including retention and recall. Our study provides a tantalizing glimpse into what may lie ahead in virtual-environment-based tools to enhance human memory. The next steps will be to identify and characterize what elements of virtual memory palaces are most effective in eliciting a superior information recall. | [1.0, 2.0, 4.0, 3.0, 3.0] | Computer_Science | train | 2.6 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34313063783&p=1pl&v=1&x=TCex6cBLjKUBpfnsnX7wYA |
10.1098/rstb.2008.0288 | Computer_Science_183 | "The initial findings could have been explained by a correlation, that people with big hippocampi become taxi drivers," he says. | In particular, the correlations between time taxi driving and hippocampal grey matter volume suggest that experience drives the patterns observed. | He sees it as confirmation of the idea that cognitive exercise produces physical changes in the brain. "The initial findings could have been explained by a correlation, that people with big hippocampi become taxi drivers," he says. "But it turns out it really was the training process that caused the growth in the brain. | We have established that navigation expertise is associated with structural brain differences and behavioural consequences, both positive and negative. In particular, the correlations between time taxi driving and hippocampal grey matter volume suggest that experience drives the patterns observed. This longitudinal approach will also permit the examination of the characteristics of those who succeed at taxi driver training, and whether innate pre-training cognitive factors and/or hippocampal volume are predictive of subsequent successful qualification. | [3.0, 5.0, 4.0, 4.0] | Computer_Science | train | 4 | news | http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=london-taxi-memory |
10.1007/s10055-018-0346-3 | Computer_Science_184 | Many of the participants said the immersive "presence" while using VR allowed them to focus better. | The authors concluded that training in the virtual and real-world environments likely used similar cognitive mechanisms. | The results showed an 8.8 per cent improvement overall in recall accuracy using the VR headsets, a statistically significant number. Many of the participants said the immersive "presence" while using VR allowed them to focus better. "This leads to the possibility that an immersive virtual environment could enhance learning and recall by leveraging a person's overall sense of body position, movement and acceleration," said Catherine Plaisant, Senior Research Scientist in University of Maryland Institute for Advanced Computer Studies. | However, participants were susceptible to disorientation if their starting-out views were different between their training and testing. The authors concluded that training in the virtual and real-world environments likely used similar cognitive mechanisms. They found that users in a HMD were better able to keep track of the objects by rotating their heads as compared to using a joystick. | [4.0, 2.0, 2.0, 4.0] | Computer_Science | train | 3 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34313063783&p=1pl&v=1&x=TCex6cBLjKUBpfnsnX7wYA |
10.1287/mnsc.2016.2500 | Computer_Science_185 | Southwest's "bags fly free" policy is likely not free based on lost opportunity cost, mostly because it could be offering more flights per day with increased boarding times due to charging for checked bags. | Since Southwest Airlines is the only major U.S. airline that does not charge for two checked bags, it resembles a control variable of operational performance in a quasi-experiment 3 when compared against competing airlines (that did begin charging for checked bags) that operated in the same airports. | Southwest's improved departure time performance was not as significant as its rival airlines, which did charge for checked bags, and it appears to have hurt one of Southwest's historical competitive advantages in customer service. Southwest's "bags fly free" policy is likely not free based on lost opportunity cost, mostly because it could be offering more flights per day with increased boarding times due to charging for checked bags. The study estimates Southwest loses approximately $24 million for not charging for the first checked bag and $35 million for not charging for the second one per year. | Thus, the implementation of checked bag fees (a marketing decision) provides an ideal setting to study how an industry changed, or coordinated, their operations to respond to this marketing strategy change. Since Southwest Airlines is the only major U.S. airline that does not charge for two checked bags, it resembles a control variable of operational performance in a quasi-experiment 3 when compared against competing airlines (that did begin charging for checked bags) that operated in the same airports. As Southwest Airlines might have gotten new customers who used to fly the now-baggage fee charging airlines, we do not have a true experiment, and consequently we do not employ a traditional difference-in-difference approach in our analysis. | [2.0, 5.0, 4.0, 4.0] | Computer_Science | train | 3.75 | news | http://www.futurity.org/airplanes-baggage-fees-1234212-2/ |
10.1098/rstb.2008.0288 | Computer_Science_186 | It seemed that the longer someone had been driving a taxi, the larger his hippocampus, as though the brain expanded to accommodate the cognitive demands of navigating London's streets. | This longitudinal approach will also permit the examination of the characteristics of those who succeed at taxi driver training, and whether innate pre-training cognitive factors and/or hippocampal volume are predictive of subsequent successful qualification. | In other words, taxi drivers had plumper memory centers than their peers. It seemed that the longer someone had been driving a taxi, the larger his hippocampus, as though the brain expanded to accommodate the cognitive demands of navigating London's streets. But it was also possible that The Knowledge selected for people whose memory centers were larger than average in the first place. | In particular, the correlations between time taxi driving and hippocampal grey matter volume suggest that experience drives the patterns observed. This longitudinal approach will also permit the examination of the characteristics of those who succeed at taxi driver training, and whether innate pre-training cognitive factors and/or hippocampal volume are predictive of subsequent successful qualification. This will provide vital information about brain plasticity and navigation expertise, and the factors that might affect or limit the ability to develop such expertise. | [2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 2.0] | Computer_Science | train | 2.75 | news | http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=london-taxi-memory |
10.1287/mnsc.2016.2500 | Computer_Science_187 | Other key findings from the study:
Charging for the first or second checked bag improved on-time departure performance for all major airlines--including Southwest Airlines, which does not charge for the first two bags--because it creates savings due to a cultural shift among US passengers to travel with less baggage. | ***p < 0.0001; **p < 0.01; *p < 0.05; + p < 0.1 | The reductions are significant because departure times and mitigating delays are crucial to so many other facets of the business, such as the number of flights airlines can offer and their image among potential customers. Other key findings from the study:
Charging for the first or second checked bag improved on-time departure performance for all major airlines--including Southwest Airlines, which does not charge for the first two bags--because it creates savings due to a cultural shift among US passengers to travel with less baggage. This shift resulted in a lower demand for airport labor-intensive, back-end operations such as baggage handling and security checks, which are shared resources across airlines. | The number of observations used is different from the first dataset sample size due to missing values of Aircraft-Age, Avg-Passengers, Origin-Prcp, Dest-Prcp, Origin-Awnd, and Dest-Awnd variables. ***p < 0.0001; **p < 0.01; *p < 0.05; + p < 0.1 Our study suggests that in the 35-day period following the date of implementing fees for one checked bag, the airlines that did implement these fees experienced improved relative performance in terms of their departure delays. | [1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://www.futurity.org/airplanes-baggage-fees-1234212-2/ |
10.1287/mnsc.2016.2500 | Computer_Science_188 | The findings, published in the journal Management Science, shows airlines improved their median departure time between 3.3 to 4.2 minutes and reduced average departure delays between 1.3 to 2 minutes, depending on whether they charged for the first or second checked bag. | At the aggregate level we find that the airlines that began charging for one checked bag saw a significant relative improvement in their on-time departure performance in the 35-day period afterwards, compared to the airlines that were not charging for a checked bag during the same time period. | The below-the-cabin effect dominates the above-the-cabin effect." The findings, published in the journal Management Science, shows airlines improved their median departure time between 3.3 to 4.2 minutes and reduced average departure delays between 1.3 to 2 minutes, depending on whether they charged for the first or second checked bag. The reductions are significant because departure times and mitigating delays are crucial to so many other facets of the business, such as the number of flights airlines can offer and their image among potential customers. | A notable exception to the charging for checked bags trend was Southwest Airlines, who turned their resistance to this practice into a "Bags Fly Free" marketing campaign. At the aggregate level we find that the airlines that began charging for one checked bag saw a significant relative improvement in their on-time departure performance in the 35-day period afterwards, compared to the airlines that were not charging for a checked bag during the same time period. However, charging a fee for both checked bags results in a worse on-time departure performance compared to charging for one checked bag. | [4.0, 4.0, 4.0, 3.0, 4.0] | Computer_Science | train | 3.8 | news | http://www.futurity.org/airplanes-baggage-fees-1234212-2/ |
10.1098/rstb.2008.0288 | Computer_Science_189 | With the new research, scientists can definitively say that London taxi drivers not only have larger-than-average memory centers in their brains, but also that their intensive training is responsible for the growth. | Clearly, taxi drivers in London have to learn a vast amount of information. | These navigational demands stimulate brain development, concludes a study five years in the making. With the new research, scientists can definitively say that London taxi drivers not only have larger-than-average memory centers in their brains, but also that their intensive training is responsible for the growth. Researchers noticed that a part of the brain called the hippocampus was much larger in these animals than in similar species that did not secret away their snacks. | This failure to find an association between hippocampal volume and navigational expertise thus suggests that structural differences in the hippocampus of taxi drivers reflect the detail and/or duration of the use of the spatial representation acquired and not innate navigational expertise per se. Clearly, taxi drivers in London have to learn a vast amount of information. While our previous work has shown that taxi drivers and their control subjects generally have average IQs Woollett & Maguire in press) , the medical doctors had above-average IQs. | [4.0, 1.0, 5.0, 4.0] | Computer_Science | train | 4 | news | http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=london-taxi-memory |
10.1177/1080569913501862 | Computer_Science_19 | Higher-income professionals had less tolerance for smartphone use in business meetings. | Also, higher-income professionals showed lower acceptance for mobile phone use during meetings. | Despite the casual reputation, professionals from the West Coast were less accepting of mobile phone use in meetings than people from the East Coast. Higher-income professionals had less tolerance for smartphone use in business meetings. Dramatic age gap: Younger professionals were nearly three times as likely as older professionals to think tapping out a message over a business lunch is appropriate -- 66 percent of people under 30 said texting or emailing was okay, compared to just 20 percent of those aged 51-65. | Not surprisingly, younger professionals were more likely to consider various mobile phone behaviors as appropriate during meetings. Also, higher-income professionals showed lower acceptance for mobile phone use during meetings. Finally, professionals in the Western region of the United States were less accepting of mobile phone use during meetings. | [5.0, 5.0, 5.0, 5.0, 5.0] | Computer_Science | train | 5 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/10/131024182551.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Latest+Science+News%29 |
10.1287/mnsc.2016.2500 | Computer_Science_190 | Other key findings from the study:
Charging for the first or second checked bag improved on-time departure performance for all major airlines--including Southwest Airlines, which does not charge for the first two bags--because it creates savings due to a cultural shift among US passengers to travel with less baggage. | As seen in Table 7 , the other control variables are also statistically significant. | The reductions are significant because departure times and mitigating delays are crucial to so many other facets of the business, such as the number of flights airlines can offer and their image among potential customers. Other key findings from the study:
Charging for the first or second checked bag improved on-time departure performance for all major airlines--including Southwest Airlines, which does not charge for the first two bags--because it creates savings due to a cultural shift among US passengers to travel with less baggage. This shift resulted in a lower demand for airport labor-intensive, back-end operations such as baggage handling and security checks, which are shared resources across airlines. | Similar to Table 6 , the coefficients for the categorical variables for Origin, Route, Carrier, Month, Day-of-Week, Dep-Time-Block, and Arr-Time-Block are not shown in the interest of space, although they are statistically significant. As seen in Table 7 , the other control variables are also statistically significant. Thus, when examining departure delays over a longer period of time covering the time periods around the implementation dates of one checked bag and two checked bags fees policies, the fee for one checked bag showed the same impact as previously described. | [1.0, 1.0, 3.0] | Computer_Science | train | 1.666667 | news | http://www.futurity.org/airplanes-baggage-fees-1234212-2/ |
10.1098/rstb.2008.0288 | Computer_Science_191 | "The initial findings could have been explained by a correlation, that people with big hippocampi become taxi drivers," he says. | Compared with controls, taxi drivers had greater grey matter volume in the posterior hippocampi (Maguire et al. | He sees it as confirmation of the idea that cognitive exercise produces physical changes in the brain. "The initial findings could have been explained by a correlation, that people with big hippocampi become taxi drivers," he says. "But it turns out it really was the training process that caused the growth in the brain. | While their vastly superior London knowledge distinguished them, an examination of grey matter volume in the brains of taxi drivers revealed further differences. Compared with controls, taxi drivers had greater grey matter volume in the posterior hippocampi (Maguire et al. 2000) . | [5.0, 4.0, 5.0, 4.0, 4.0] | Computer_Science | train | 4.4 | news | http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=london-taxi-memory |
10.1177/1080569913501862 | Computer_Science_192 | "Not surprisingly, millennials and younger professionals were more likely to be accepting of smartphone use, but they might be doing themselves a disservice," Cardon said. | We are less sure about a possible explanation for lower acceptance for mobile phone behaviors among professionals in the West. | With a national sample of more than 550 full-time working professionals, the study reveals what business professionals perceive as acceptable, courteous or rude use of mobile phones in the workplace. The researchers first identified the most common grievances people had about smartphone use among their colleagues, including browsing the Internet and checking text messages. "Not surprisingly, millennials and younger professionals were more likely to be accepting of smartphone use, but they might be doing themselves a disservice," Cardon said. | A possible explanation for more sensitivity to mobile phone use in the Southwest may be the emphasis on hospitality and manners. We are less sure about a possible explanation for lower acceptance for mobile phone behaviors among professionals in the West. We are intrigued by the result that professionals with higher incomes are less accepting of mobile phone use in meetings. | [1.0, 2.0, 2.0, 4.0, 2.0] | Computer_Science | train | 2.2 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/10/131024182551.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Latest+Science+News%29 |
10.1007/s10055-018-0346-3 | Computer_Science_195 | The researchers found that people remember information better if it is presented to them in a virtual environment. | The next steps will be to identify and characterize what elements of virtual memory palaces are most effective in eliciting a superior information recall. | The researchers found that people remember information better if it is presented to them in a virtual environment. "This data is exciting in that it suggests that immersive environments could offer new pathways for improved outcomes in education and high-proficiency training," says Amitabh Varshney, professor of computer science and dean of the College of Computer, Mathematical, and Natural Sciences at UMD. The results showed an 8.8 percent improvement overall in recall accuracy using the VR headsets, a statistically significant number according to the research team. | Our study provides a tantalizing glimpse into what may lie ahead in virtual-environment-based tools to enhance human memory. The next steps will be to identify and characterize what elements of virtual memory palaces are most effective in eliciting a superior information recall. It will be valuable to study how the addition of translation impacts information recall in a virtual memory palace. | [3.0, 3.0, 3.0, 2.0] | Computer_Science | train | 2.75 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34299069033&p=1pl&v=1&x=XwPIOwPBqw9PE_RGIV509w |
10.1098/rstb.2008.0288 | Computer_Science_196 | "The initial findings could have been explained by a correlation, that people with big hippocampi become taxi drivers," he says. | This failure to find an association between hippocampal volume and navigational expertise thus suggests that structural differences in the hippocampus of taxi drivers reflect the detail and/or duration of the use of the spatial representation acquired and not innate navigational expertise per se. | He sees it as confirmation of the idea that cognitive exercise produces physical changes in the brain. "The initial findings could have been explained by a correlation, that people with big hippocampi become taxi drivers," he says. "But it turns out it really was the training process that caused the growth in the brain. | Despite this group showing a wide range of navigational expertise, there was no association between expertise and posterior hippocampal grey matter volume (or, indeed, Review. This failure to find an association between hippocampal volume and navigational expertise thus suggests that structural differences in the hippocampus of taxi drivers reflect the detail and/or duration of the use of the spatial representation acquired and not innate navigational expertise per se. Clearly, taxi drivers in London have to learn a vast amount of information. | [4.0, 1.0, 3.0, 2.0, 3.0] | Computer_Science | train | 2.6 | news | http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=london-taxi-memory |
10.1177/1080569913501862 | Computer_Science_197 | More than 59 percent of men said it was okay to check text messages at a power lunch, compared to 34 percent of women who thought checking texts was appropriate. | As far as checking text messages, sending text messages, and answering calls, men are nearly twice as accepting of these behaviors. | Men were nearly twice as likely as women to consider mobile phone use at a business lunch acceptable. More than 59 percent of men said it was okay to check text messages at a power lunch, compared to 34 percent of women who thought checking texts was appropriate. Similarly, 50 percent of men said it was acceptable to answer a call at a power lunch, compared to 26 percent of women. | One of the more interesting findings was the major gender gap in perceived appropriateness of mobile phone actions. As far as checking text messages, sending text messages, and answering calls, men are nearly twice as accepting of these behaviors. These survey results seem to indicate that women professionals hold different norms of civility as far as mobile phone use during informal meetings. | [3.0, 2.0, 5.0, 3.0, 4.0] | Computer_Science | train | 3.4 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/10/131024182551.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Latest+Science+News%29 |
10.1098/rstb.2008.0288 | Computer_Science_198 | Maguire thinks that The Knowledge may enlarge the hippocampus's posterior (rear) at the expense of its anterior (front), creating a trade-off of cognitive talents--that is, taxi drivers master some forms of memory but become worse at others. | The improvement of performance on tests such as the Rey Figure by the retired taxi drivers is also interesting in that it may indicate that the 'elderly' hippocampus can support memory improvement, in contrast with the more traditional view of age-related memory decline. | The successful trainees did not perform better on all tests of memory, however. Maguire thinks that The Knowledge may enlarge the hippocampus's posterior (rear) at the expense of its anterior (front), creating a trade-off of cognitive talents--that is, taxi drivers master some forms of memory but become worse at others. She didn't find this same difference in her new study because, she speculates, front-end shrinkage may happen after the four years of training. | during acquisition and use of expertise, and then again when use of the skill ceases, serves to highlight that expertise and its behavioural consequences may be plastic and, in the case of the hippocampus at least, so are the related structural brain changes. The improvement of performance on tests such as the Rey Figure by the retired taxi drivers is also interesting in that it may indicate that the 'elderly' hippocampus can support memory improvement, in contrast with the more traditional view of age-related memory decline. First, this issue has universal relevance by informing what each of us can hope to achieve, and providing much-needed insights into the basis of individual differences, as well as having relevance in the realm of education. | [2.0, 4.0, 4.0, 2.0] | Computer_Science | train | 3 | news | http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=london-taxi-memory |
10.1073/pnas.1411728112 | Computer_Science_200 | In a sense, the traditional second law only holds on average. | This paradigm is equivalent to ones in which we allow interaction Hamiltonians rather than unitaries, or where we allow for a Hamiltonian which changes with time, provided that all ancillas are carefully accounted for [ . | "Even while individual parts of a system may become more ordered, the overall entropy of the total system (a measure of disorder) increases." In a sense, the traditional second law only holds on average. Surprisingly, the researchers found that not only does the second law hold at such small scales, but there are actually many other second laws at work. | Operations which pump energy into or from the system can be incorporated into the paradigm by including the source of energy as an ancillary system. This paradigm is equivalent to ones in which we allow interaction Hamiltonians rather than unitaries, or where we allow for a Hamiltonian which changes with time, provided that all ancillas are carefully accounted for [ . Considering such resources are crucial, since the experimenter who is trying to extract work or otherwise manipulate a system, should be allowed as much ingenuity as possible. | [1.0, 1.0, 3.0, 1.0, 3.0] | Computer_Science | train | 1.8 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/02/150209161417.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily%2Ftop_news%2Ftop_technology+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Top+Technology+News%29 |
10.1088/1741-2552/aabc9b | Computer_Science_201 | "Here we have demonstrated the feasibility of adaptive deep brain stimulation," said Dr. Starr. | Another possibility is that bilateral adaptive stimulation may be necessary for clinical benefit and that this is why we did not see a clinical improvement (since we tested only unilateral adaptive DBS). | An adaptive system like the one being tested here could offer an effective alternative and may also limit adverse effects of traditional deep brain stimulation, but considerable testing remains to be done. "Here we have demonstrated the feasibility of adaptive deep brain stimulation," said Dr. Starr. "We are now planning larger, longer-term trials to determine how effective this system is in managing the symptoms of patients with Parkinson's disease." | Indeed, it is possible there could have been a floor effect for dyskinesia in this study since dyskinesia was mild for all conditions (see Table 3 ). Another possibility is that bilateral adaptive stimulation may be necessary for clinical benefit and that this is why we did not see a clinical improvement (since we tested only unilateral adaptive DBS). Another consideration is that our results apply specifically to STN DBS, which is currently the most commonly used target for DBS in PD. | [4.0, 4.0, 2.0, 1.0, 2.0] | Computer_Science | train | 2 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34175486612&p=1pl&v=1&x=_1eTrGJQyGkkr4UeWUolqA |
10.1126/science.aaf2654 | Computer_Science_202 | Or, as the researchers write in the new paper, "For the time being, there seems to be no easy way to design algorithms that would reconcile moral values and personal self-interest." | Our datadriven approach highlights how the field of experimental ethics can give us key insights into the moral, cultural and legal standards that people expect from autonomous driving participants did not ex-press a comparable preference for buying utilitarian AVs, especially when they thought of family members riding in the car, and (c and d) they disapproved of regulations enforcing utilitarian algorithms for AVs, and indicated that they would be less likely to purchase an AV under such a regulation. | "If everybody does that, then we would end up in a tragedy ... whereby the cars will not minimize casualties," Rahwan adds. Or, as the researchers write in the new paper, "For the time being, there seems to be no easy way to design algorithms that would reconcile moral values and personal self-interest." The results consistently showed that people will take a utilitarian approach to the ethics of autonomous vehicles, one emphasizing the sheer number of lives that could be saved. | For example, our scenarios did not feature any uncertainty about decision outcomes, but a collective discussion about moral algorithms will have to tackle the concepts of expected risk, expected value, and blame assignment. Such liability considerations will need to accompany existing discussions of regulation [21] , and we hope that psychological studies inspired by our own will be able to inform this discussion. Our datadriven approach highlights how the field of experimental ethics can give us key insights into the moral, cultural and legal standards that people expect from autonomous driving participants did not ex-press a comparable preference for buying utilitarian AVs, especially when they thought of family members riding in the car, and (c and d) they disapproved of regulations enforcing utilitarian algorithms for AVs, and indicated that they would be less likely to purchase an AV under such a regulation. | [3.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 2.0] | Computer_Science | train | 1.6 | news | http://www.science20.com/news_articles/driverless_cars_who_gets_protected-175287 |
10.1177/1080569913501862 | Computer_Science_203 | Saying "Excuse me" to take a call didn't cut it: over 30 percent still found it to be rarely/never appropriate during informal/offsite lunch meetings. | Overwhelmingly, taking or making calls during meetings were the most commonly cited examples, with more than one half of employees who commented about meetings stating they had recently observed this behavior and considered it disrespectful. | Chances are, just having your phone out is offending somebody: A full 20 percent of professionals said simply having your phone out at a business lunch is rude. Saying "Excuse me" to take a call didn't cut it: over 30 percent still found it to be rarely/never appropriate during informal/offsite lunch meetings. With a national sample of more than 550 full-time working professionals, the study reveals what business professionals perceive as acceptable, courteous or rude use of mobile phones in the workplace. | Altogether, 101 of the 204 employees (49.5%) commented on mobile phone behaviors in meetings. Overwhelmingly, taking or making calls during meetings were the most commonly cited examples, with more than one half of employees who commented about meetings stating they had recently observed this behavior and considered it disrespectful. Writing and reading text messages or emails followed, with roughly one third of the employees citing these actions as recent examples of disrespectful phone use. | [4.0, 2.0, 4.0, 4.0, 4.0] | Computer_Science | train | 3.6 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/10/131024182551.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Latest+Science+News%29 |
10.1287/mnsc.2016.2500 | Computer_Science_204 | Southwest's improved departure time performance was not as significant as its rival airlines, which did charge for checked bags, and it appears to have hurt one of Southwest's historical competitive advantages in customer service. | They serve to alter consumer behavior in a manner that is beneficial to both the firm and customers. | So, a drop in total baggage volume benefits not only the airlines that charge baggage fees but also those that do not. Southwest's improved departure time performance was not as significant as its rival airlines, which did charge for checked bags, and it appears to have hurt one of Southwest's historical competitive advantages in customer service. Southwest's "bags fly free" policy is likely not free based on lost opportunity cost, mostly because it could be offering more flights per day with increased boarding times due to charging for checked bags. | While investigating whether the social planner would let bags fly free, argue that "baggage fees are not just about revenue. They serve to alter consumer behavior in a manner that is beneficial to both the firm and customers. The firm enjoys lower costs and passes some of these savings on to customers". | [1.0, 3.0, 1.0] | Computer_Science | train | 1.666667 | news | http://www.futurity.org/airplanes-baggage-fees-1234212-2/ |
10.1098/rstb.2008.0288 | Computer_Science_205 | "The initial findings could have been explained by a correlation, that people with big hippocampi become taxi drivers," he says. | Moreover, anterior hippocampal grey matter volume decreased as navigation experience increased in taxi drivers (figure 5d ). | He sees it as confirmation of the idea that cognitive exercise produces physical changes in the brain. "The initial findings could have been explained by a correlation, that people with big hippocampi become taxi drivers," he says. "But it turns out it really was the training process that caused the growth in the brain. | In comparison with the posterior hippocampus that had greater grey matter volume compared with control participants, the anterior hippocampus had reduced grey matter volume in taxi drivers (Maguire et al. Moreover, anterior hippocampal grey matter volume decreased as navigation experience increased in taxi drivers (figure 5d ). We suggest that the belowaverage scores observed in taxi drivers on tests of anterograde associative memory could be related to their reduced right anterior hippocampal grey matter volume. | [2.0, 2.0, 3.0, 1.0, 3.0] | Computer_Science | train | 2.2 | news | http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=london-taxi-memory |
10.1287/mnsc.2016.2500 | Computer_Science_206 | Southwest's improved departure time performance was not as significant as its rival airlines, which did charge for checked bags, and it appears to have hurt one of Southwest's historical competitive advantages in customer service. | Standard errors are shown in parantheses. | So, a drop in total baggage volume benefits not only the airlines that charge baggage fees but also those that do not. Southwest's improved departure time performance was not as significant as its rival airlines, which did charge for checked bags, and it appears to have hurt one of Southwest's historical competitive advantages in customer service. Southwest's "bags fly free" policy is likely not free based on lost opportunity cost, mostly because it could be offering more flights per day with increased boarding times due to charging for checked bags. | average delay in the After period minus average delay in the Before period. Standard errors are shown in parantheses. The number of observations used is different from the second dataset sample size due to missing values of Actual-TurnAround-Time, Aircraft-Age and Avg-Passengers variables. | [1.0, 1.0, 3.0, 1.0] | Computer_Science | train | 1.5 | news | http://www.futurity.org/airplanes-baggage-fees-1234212-2/ |
10.1007/s10055-018-0346-3 | Computer_Science_207 | The results showed an 8.8 percent improvement overall in recall accuracy using the VR headsets, a statistically significant number according to the research team. | The authors concluded that training in the virtual and real-world environments likely used similar cognitive mechanisms. | "This data is exciting in that it suggests that immersive environments could offer new pathways for improved outcomes in education and high-proficiency training," says Amitabh Varshney, professor of computer science and dean of the College of Computer, Mathematical, and Natural Sciences at UMD. The results showed an 8.8 percent improvement overall in recall accuracy using the VR headsets, a statistically significant number according to the research team. In post-study questionnaires, all 40 participants said that they were completely comfortable--and adept--in navigating a desktop computer to access information, yet all but two said they preferred the immersive VR environment as a potential learning platform. | However, participants were susceptible to disorientation if their starting-out views were different between their training and testing. The authors concluded that training in the virtual and real-world environments likely used similar cognitive mechanisms. They found that users in a HMD were better able to keep track of the objects by rotating their heads as compared to using a joystick. | [2.0, 2.0, 1.0, 3.0, 3.0] | Computer_Science | train | 2.2 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34297170515&p=1pl&v=1&x=aVyQCHIh9o0JvS5uzKIpiQ |
10.1007/s10055-018-0346-3 | Computer_Science_208 | They found that people remember information better if it is presented to them in a virtual environment. | The participants who experienced the virtual airport in a HMD had more accurate recall than those who used the desktop. | Virtual Reality helped patients recall old memories by providing new stimuli difficult to achieve, due to ill health, or inaccessible within a secure environment. They found that people remember information better if it is presented to them in a virtual environment. "This data is exciting in that it suggests that immersive environments could offer new pathways for improved outcomes in education and high-proficiency training," said Amitabh Varshney, Professor of Computer Science, in a survey published in the journal Virtual Reality. | This makes it possible to compare recall for the same user across the two display modalities. The participants who experienced the virtual airport in a HMD had more accurate recall than those who used the desktop. They found that active participants had a superior environment layout recall compared to those who were passive. | [4.0, 3.0, 5.0, 5.0, 3.0] | Computer_Science | train | 4 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34313063783&p=1pl&v=1&x=TCex6cBLjKUBpfnsnX7wYA |
10.1177/1080569913501862 | Computer_Science_209 | A timely new study co-authored by Peter W. Cardon of the USC Marshall School of Business and colleagues at Howard University is the first to provide an empirical baseline for how attitudes towards mobile phone use actually break down across gender, age and region. | Since mobile phone use for professional purposes is likely to increase, we think that examining the related social norms is a particularly useful line of inquiry for business communication. | But unlike rudeness among friends, discourteous behavior in the workplace can have real implications for careers, hiring and even workplace efficiency, with tension among coworkers harming productivity. A timely new study co-authored by Peter W. Cardon of the USC Marshall School of Business and colleagues at Howard University is the first to provide an empirical baseline for how attitudes towards mobile phone use actually break down across gender, age and region. Published today in the journal Business Communication Quarterly, the research offers a critical baseline for how attitudes toward technology may change over time and serves as a guide to navigating social expectations around polite smartphone use. | Second, we did not capture how the status of meeting participants affects norms of civility for mobile phone use. Since mobile phone use for professional purposes is likely to increase, we think that examining the related social norms is a particularly useful line of inquiry for business communication. We recommend additional research that addresses the following issues: (a) the impact of mobile phone preferences and attitudes on actual behavior, (b) the impact of status differentials on mobile phone norms and behaviors, (c) distinctions between social norms and behaviors for in-person and virtual meetings, and (d) social norms and behaviors for emerging forms of mobile devices such as tablets. | [3.0, 3.0, 3.0] | Computer_Science | train | 3 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/10/131024182551.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Latest+Science+News%29 |
10.1126/science.aaf2654 | Computer_Science_21 | For instance, 76 percent of respondents believe it is more moral for an autonomous vehicle, should such a circumstance arise, to sacrifice one passenger rather than 10 pedestrians. | In Study 1 (n = 182), 76% of participants thought that it would be more moral for AVs to sacrifice one passenger, rather than kill ten pedestrians (with a 95% confidence interval of 69-82). | The results consistently showed that people will take a utilitarian approach to the ethics of autonomous vehicles, one emphasizing the sheer number of lives that could be saved. For instance, 76 percent of respondents believe it is more moral for an autonomous vehicle, should such a circumstance arise, to sacrifice one passenger rather than 10 pedestrians. But the surveys also revealed a lack of enthusiasm for buying or using a driverless car programmed to avoid pedestrians at the expense of its own passengers. | Overall, participants strongly agreed that it would be more moral for AVs to sacrifice their own passengers, when this sacrifice would save a greater number of lives overall. In Study 1 (n = 182), 76% of participants thought that it would be more moral for AVs to sacrifice one passenger, rather than kill ten pedestrians (with a 95% confidence interval of 69-82). They overwhelmingly expressed a moral preference for utilitarian AVs programmed to minimize the number of casualties (median = 85, Fig. | [5.0, 5.0, 5.0, 5.0, 4.0] | Computer_Science | train | 4.8 | news | http://healthmedicinet.com/news/moral-dilemma-with-driverless-cars-who-gets-protected-the-driver-or-pedestrians/ |
10.1007/s10055-018-0346-3 | Computer_Science_212 | In post-study questionnaires, all 40 participants said that they were completely comfortable--and adept--in navigating a desktop computer to access information, yet all but two said they preferred the immersive VR environment as a potential learning platform. | The study found that immediately after the exposure the participants had the most accurate recall in the real-world scene and were slightly less accurate and confident in the HMD and least accurate and confident on the desktop. | The results showed an 8.8 percent improvement overall in recall accuracy using the VR headsets, a statistically significant number according to the research team. In post-study questionnaires, all 40 participants said that they were completely comfortable--and adept--in navigating a desktop computer to access information, yet all but two said they preferred the immersive VR environment as a potential learning platform. The questionnaire also found that only two people said they felt "uncomfortable" using VR. | They found that the users wearing the HMD had faster navigation times and less waste-full movement and were more accurately able to estimate distances, compared to those using a desktop. The study found that immediately after the exposure the participants had the most accurate recall in the real-world scene and were slightly less accurate and confident in the HMD and least accurate and confident on the desktop. After one week, the overall scores and confidence levels dropped consistently across the board, with the viewing condition having no effect on the relative reduction in performance. | [3.0, 2.0, 2.0, 3.0, 3.0] | Computer_Science | train | 2.6 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34297170515&p=1pl&v=1&x=aVyQCHIh9o0JvS5uzKIpiQ |
10.1126/science.aaf2654 | Computer_Science_213 | Or, as the researchers write in the new paper, "For the time being, there seems to be no easy way to design algorithms that would reconcile moral values and personal self-interest." | To align moral algorithms with human values, we must start a collective discussion about the ethics of AVs, that is, the moral algorithms that we are willing to accept as citizens and to be subjected to as car owners. | "If everybody does that, then we would end up in a tragedy ... whereby the cars will not minimize casualties," Rahwan adds. Or, as the researchers write in the new paper, "For the time being, there seems to be no easy way to design algorithms that would reconcile moral values and personal self-interest." The results consistently showed that people will take a utilitarian approach to the ethics of autonomous vehicles, one emphasizing the sheer number of lives that could be saved. | Even though such situations may be exceedingly rare, their emotional saliency is likely to give them broad public exposure and a disproportionate weight in individual and public decisions about AVs. To align moral algorithms with human values, we must start a collective discussion about the ethics of AVs, that is, the moral algorithms that we are willing to accept as citizens and to be subjected to as car owners. A possible concern with MTurk studies is that some participants may already be familiar with testing materials, when these materials are used by many research groups; but this concern does not apply to our testing materials, which have never been used in a published MTurk study so far. | [3.0, 3.0, 4.0, 1.0, 2.0] | Computer_Science | train | 2.6 | news | http://www.science20.com/news_articles/driverless_cars_who_gets_protected-175287 |
10.1186/s12911-017-0526-1 | Computer_Science_215 | And that tool could ultimately benefit not just those patients but a broad spectrum of patients making complex care decisions based on their tumor's genomic information. | Conclusions: A range of stakeholders provided valuable insights regarding the design of a personalized decision aid program, based upon Markov modeling with individualized model inputs, to provide a patient-centered framework to support for genomic-based treatment decisions for cancer patients. | / no comments
Medicine, Health Care UVA Aims to Help Patients... And that tool could ultimately benefit not just those patients but a broad spectrum of patients making complex care decisions based on their tumor's genomic information. The stakeholders - 22 in all - concluded that patients need a way to compare the treatment options in a fashion personalized for them, incorporating factors such as age, personal priorities, genomics-defined risk of cancer recurrence and other health conditions. | Emphasis was placed on the challenge of explaining the model's composite result of quality-adjusted life years. Conclusions: A range of stakeholders provided valuable insights regarding the design of a personalized decision aid program, based upon Markov modeling with individualized model inputs, to provide a patient-centered framework to support for genomic-based treatment decisions for cancer patients. The guidance provided by our stakeholders may be broadly applicable to the communication of genomic test results to patients in a patient-centered fashion that supports effective shared decision-making that represents a spectrum of personal factors such as age, medical comorbidities, and individual priorities and values. | [3.0, 5.0, 2.0, 3.0] | Computer_Science | train | 3.25 | news | http://healthmedicinet.com/news/uva-aims-to-help-patients-with-cancer-make-complex-care-decisions/ |
10.1287/mnsc.2016.2500 | Computer_Science_217 | Other key findings from the study:
Charging for the first or second checked bag improved on-time departure performance for all major airlines--including Southwest Airlines, which does not charge for the first two bags--because it creates savings due to a cultural shift among US passengers to travel with less baggage. | Worse relative performance as measured by departure delays is achieved when charging for one checked bag versus not charging for a checked bag. | The reductions are significant because departure times and mitigating delays are crucial to so many other facets of the business, such as the number of flights airlines can offer and their image among potential customers. Other key findings from the study:
Charging for the first or second checked bag improved on-time departure performance for all major airlines--including Southwest Airlines, which does not charge for the first two bags--because it creates savings due to a cultural shift among US passengers to travel with less baggage. This shift resulted in a lower demand for airport labor-intensive, back-end operations such as baggage handling and security checks, which are shared resources across airlines. | Better relative performance as measured by departure delays is achieved when charging for one checked bag versus not charging for a checked bag. Worse relative performance as measured by departure delays is achieved when charging for one checked bag versus not charging for a checked bag. Further, when the airlines which were charging their passengers for one checked bag instituted a policy change by charging the first two checked bags (see Table 2 for exact dates), both x 2 and x 1 passengers were affected, depending on their price sensitivity. | [3.0, 1.0, 4.0] | Computer_Science | train | 3 | news | http://www.futurity.org/airplanes-baggage-fees-1234212-2/ |
10.1287/mnsc.2016.2500 | Computer_Science_22 | Other key findings from the study:
Charging for the first or second checked bag improved on-time departure performance for all major airlines--including Southwest Airlines, which does not charge for the first two bags--because it creates savings due to a cultural shift among US passengers to travel with less baggage. | This indicates that when the flights encounter departure delays, the implementation of one checked bag fees reduces SpAdj-Departure-Delay by 1.8701 minutes (when a delay occurs) versus no implementation of these fees. | The reductions are significant because departure times and mitigating delays are crucial to so many other facets of the business, such as the number of flights airlines can offer and their image among potential customers. Other key findings from the study:
Charging for the first or second checked bag improved on-time departure performance for all major airlines--including Southwest Airlines, which does not charge for the first two bags--because it creates savings due to a cultural shift among US passengers to travel with less baggage. This shift resulted in a lower demand for airport labor-intensive, back-end operations such as baggage handling and security checks, which are shared resources across airlines. | The coefficient for the Bag-Fee indicator variable which indicates one checked bag fee as being implemented, is negative and statistically significant (-1.8701; p<0.0001). This indicates that when the flights encounter departure delays, the implementation of one checked bag fees reduces SpAdj-Departure-Delay by 1.8701 minutes (when a delay occurs) versus no implementation of these fees. In other words, the airlines that implemented the fee for one checked bag saw their departure performance improve, whereas Southwest Airlines experienced a negative impact on its departure performance. | [3.0, 4.0, 2.0, 4.0, 4.0] | Computer_Science | train | 3.4 | news | http://www.futurity.org/airplanes-baggage-fees-1234212-2/ |
10.1177/1080569913501862 | Computer_Science_220 | Men were nearly twice as likely as women to consider mobile phone use at a business lunch acceptable. | One of the more interesting findings was the major gender gap in perceived appropriateness of mobile phone actions. | Even at more informal business lunches, the majority of people thought writing a text message is rude -- 66 percent said writing or sending a text message is inappropriate. Men were nearly twice as likely as women to consider mobile phone use at a business lunch acceptable. More than 59 percent of men said it was okay to check text messages at a power lunch, compared to 34 percent of women who thought checking texts was appropriate. | This seems to indicate major generational differences. One of the more interesting findings was the major gender gap in perceived appropriateness of mobile phone actions. As far as checking text messages, sending text messages, and answering calls, men are nearly twice as accepting of these behaviors. | [4.0, 4.0, 4.0, 3.0] | Computer_Science | train | 3.75 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/10/131024182551.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Latest+Science+News%29 |
10.1098/rstb.2008.0288 | Computer_Science_222 | These navigational demands stimulate brain development, concludes a study five years in the making. | However, fMRI scanning revealed that they activated brain areas associated with navigation, including the hippocampus, more than control participants. | A map of its streets looks more like a tangle of yarn that a preschooler glued to construction paper than a metropolis designed with architectural foresight. These navigational demands stimulate brain development, concludes a study five years in the making. With the new research, scientists can definitively say that London taxi drivers not only have larger-than-average memory centers in their brains, but also that their intensive training is responsible for the growth. | Exceptional memory in these individuals was not found to be associated with higher IQ or any structural brain differences relative to control participants . However, fMRI scanning revealed that they activated brain areas associated with navigation, including the hippocampus, more than control participants. With extensive practice, this method is effective at enabling one to remember the order of stimuli by imagining familiar routes and placing the to-be-remembered items along the routes thus promoting deeper encoding of the stimuli with rich associations. | [4.0, 4.0, 3.0, 1.0] | Computer_Science | train | 4 | news | http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=london-taxi-memory |
10.1177/1080569913501862 | Computer_Science_224 | Higher-income professionals had less tolerance for smartphone use in business meetings. | Second, we did not capture how the status of meeting participants affects norms of civility for mobile phone use. | Despite the casual reputation, professionals from the West Coast were less accepting of mobile phone use in meetings than people from the East Coast. Higher-income professionals had less tolerance for smartphone use in business meetings. Dramatic age gap: Younger professionals were nearly three times as likely as older professionals to think tapping out a message over a business lunch is appropriate -- 66 percent of people under 30 said texting or emailing was okay, compared to just 20 percent of those aged 51-65. | We note several limitations. Second, we did not capture how the status of meeting participants affects norms of civility for mobile phone use. Since mobile phone use for professional purposes is likely to increase, we think that examining the related social norms is a particularly useful line of inquiry for business communication. | [2.0, 4.0, 1.0, 2.0] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/10/131024182551.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Latest+Science+News%29 |
10.1126/science.aaf2654 | Computer_Science_225 | Or, as the researchers write in the new paper, "For the time being, there seems to be no easy way to design algorithms that would reconcile moral values and personal self-interest." | Defining the algorithms that will help AVs make these moral decisions is a formidable challenge. | "If everybody does that, then we would end up in a tragedy ... whereby the cars will not minimize casualties," Rahwan adds. Or, as the researchers write in the new paper, "For the time being, there seems to be no easy way to design algorithms that would reconcile moral values and personal self-interest." The results consistently showed that people will take a utilitarian approach to the ethics of autonomous vehicles, one emphasizing the sheer number of lives that could be saved. | Defining the algorithms that will help AVs make these moral decisions is a formidable challenge. We found that participants to six MTurk studies approved of utilitarian AVs (that sacrifice their passengers for the greater good), and would like others to buy them; but they would themselves prefer to ride in AVs that protect their passengers at all costs. They would disapprove of enforcing utilitarian AVs, and would be less willing to buy such a regulated AV. | [5.0, 4.0, 3.0, 2.0] | Computer_Science | train | 3.5 | news | http://healthmedicinet.com/news/moral-dilemma-with-driverless-cars-who-gets-protected-the-driver-or-pedestrians/ |
End of preview. Expand
in Dataset Viewer.
Dataset Card for SPICED
Dataset Summary
The Scientific Paraphrase and Information ChangE Dataset (SPICED) is a dataset of paired scientific findings from scientific papers, news media, and Twitter. The types of pairs are between <paper, news> and <paper, tweet>. Each pair is labeled for the degree of information similarity in the findings described by each sentence, on a scale from 1-5. This is called the Information Matching Score (IMS). The data was curated from S2ORC and matched news articles and Tweets using Altmetric. Instances are annotated by experts using the Prolific platform and Potato. Please use the following citation when using this dataset:
@article{modeling-information-change,
title={{Modeling Information Change in Science Communication with Semantically Matched Paraphrases}},
author={Wright, Dustin and Pei, Jiaxin and Jurgens, David and Augenstein, Isabelle},
year={2022},
booktitle = {Proceedings of EMNLP},
publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics},
year = 2022
}
Supported Tasks and Leaderboards
The task is to predict the IMS between two scientific sentences, which is a scalar between 1 and 5. Preferred metrics are mean-squared error and Pearson correlation.
Languages
English
Dataset Structure
Data Fields
- DOI: The DOI of the original scientific article
- instance_id: Unique instance ID for the sample. The ID contains the field, whether or not it is a tweet, and whether or not the sample was manually labeled or automatically using SBERT (marked as "easy")
- News Finding: Text of the news or tweet finding
- Paper Finding: Text of the paper finding
- News Context: For news instances, the surrounding two sentences for the news finding. For tweets, a copy of the tweet
- Paper Context: The surrounding two sentences for the paper finding
- scores: Annotator scores after removing low competence annotators
- field: The academic field of the paper ('Computer_Science', 'Medicine', 'Biology', or 'Psychology')
- split: The dataset split ('train', 'val', or 'test')
- final_score: The IMS of the instance
- source: Either "news" or "tweet"
- News Url: A URL to the source article if a news instance or the tweet ID of a tweet
Data Splits
- train: 4721 instances
- validation: 664 instances
- test: 640 instances
Dataset Creation
For the full details of how the dataset was created, please refer to our EMNLP 2022 paper.
Curation Rationale
Science communication is a complex process of translation from highly technical scientific language to common language that lay people can understand. At the same time, the general public relies on good science communication in order to inform critical decisions about their health and behavior. SPICED was curated in order to provide a training dataset and benchmark for machine learning models to measure changes in scientific information at different stages of the science communication pipeline.
Source Data
Initial Data Collection and Normalization
Scientific text: S2ORC
News articles and Tweets are collected through Altmetric.
Who are the source language producers?
Scientists, journalists, and Twitter users.
Annotations
Annotation process
[More Information Needed]
Who are the annotators?
[More Information Needed]
Personal and Sensitive Information
[More Information Needed]
Considerations for Using the Data
Social Impact of Dataset
Models trained on SPICED can be used to perform large scale analyses of science communication. They can be used to match the same finding discussed in different media, and reveal trends in differences in reporting at different stages of the science communication pipeline. It is hoped that this can help to build tools which will improve science communication.
Discussion of Biases
The dataset is restricted to computer science, medicine, biology, and psychology, which may introduce some bias in the topics which models will perform well on.
Other Known Limitations
While some context is available, we do not release the full text of news articles and scientific papers, which may contain further context to help with learning the task. We do however provide the paper DOIs and links to the original news articles in case full text is desired.
Additional Information
Dataset Curators
Dustin Wright, Jiaxin Pei, David Jurgens, and Isabelle Augenstein
Licensing Information
MIT
Contributions
Thanks to @dwright37 for adding this dataset.
- Downloads last month
- 113