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Nitori idi eyi, inú epo àlùmọ́nì ló ma únjẹ fífipamosi.. | wikipedia | yo |
Nígbà tọba jẹ́ gígé, lithium rí bì lúster onídẹ, ṣùgbọ́n tí afẹ́fẹ́ tútù bá fẹ́ sí ojú rẹ̀ yíò jẹ́ kíákíá tó a Dull Silvery Gray, then black, tarnish.. | wikipedia | yo |
Because of its high rẹ̀activity, lithium never occurs free in nature, and instead, only appears in comgusau, usually ionic ones.. | wikipedia | yo |
Lithi occurs in a number of gmatitictic minerals, but is also commonly obtained from brines and ? | wikipedia | yo |
On a commercial scale, lithium is isolated Eleccily from a Mixture of Lithium Ìlérí and potassium Ògo.ìtumọ̀ Àwọn Elimẹ́ńtì Kemia metali Alkali .. | wikipedia | yo |
bẹriliọmú ni Elimẹ́ńtì kẹ́míkà tó ní àmì-ìdámọ̀ be àti nọ́mbà mùmu 4.. | wikipedia | yo |
Nítorípé berilirí yíòwù tó bá jẹ́ kíkódàpọ̀ ní inú àwọn ìràwọ̀ kì í pẹ́ tí ó fi túká, nítoríẹ ó jẹ́ Elimẹ́ńtì tó ṣọ̀wọ́n gidigidi ní àgbàlá-ayé àti ní ilé-ayé.. | wikipedia | yo |
Ó jẹ́ Elimẹ́ńtì olójú-ìsopọ̀ méjì tó ṣe é rí nínú ìdàpọ̀ mọ́ àwọn Elimẹ́ńtì míràn nìkan nínú àwọn àlùmọ́nì.. | wikipedia | yo |
Àwọn òkúta iyebíye pàtàkì kan tí wọ́n ní beriliọmú nínú ní berili (òkúta odò, ÈmiṢàánú) àti berilioníwúrà.. | wikipedia | yo |
To ba da wa, o je elimẹ́ńtì metali Alkálí ile to ni awo irin-idẹ, to lagbara, fífúyẹ́ ati rírun wéwé.Ìtọ́kasí awon elimẹ́ńtì Kemikawon Àṣẹrẹsílẹ̀àwọn metali Alkálíni ile.. | wikipedia | yo |
Boronú ni Elimẹ́ńtì kẹ́míkà kan tó ní àmì-ìdámọ̀ B àti nọ́mbà Fímu 5.. | wikipedia | yo |
Nítorípé bóronú jẹ́ dída pátápátá pẹ̀lú ìtúká ìranká kòmíkí tí kò sì jẹ́ pẹ̀lú nùkle·kikódàpọ̀ onirawọ, kò fi bẹ́ẹ̀ pọ̀ ní inú sístemú ọ̀run àti nínú igbelé ayé.. | wikipedia | yo |
Boronú wọ́jọ́ ni aye pelu Itusómi awon pọ̀ re ti won wọpọ, yun un awon àlúmọni borati.. | wikipedia | yo |
Awon wonyi oreúnjẹ wiwa lati inu ile ni ile-ise gegebi isagbe, bii BoraKSI ati Kerniti.Be, to je titọpo mo ẹgbẹ metaloidi, ti ko darapò bii kẹ́míkà ko si ni ile-aye.. | wikipedia | yo |
Ní ilé-iṣẹ́, ó ṣòro láti dà bóronú ògidì nítorípé òundá èròjà míràn tí wọ́n ní Karbọnu tàbí àwọn Elimẹ́ńtì míràn díẹ̀ nínú.. | wikipedia | yo |
Elemental boron is used as a dopant in the semiwọ̀nyíctor Industry.Ìtọ́kasí àwọn Eliìpínlẹ̀ Kemikawọn metaloidi.. | wikipedia | yo |
Karbọnu (láti “Olúwadúru") jẹ́ ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ kẹ́míkà tó ní àmì-ìdámọ̀ C àti nọ́ḿbà átọ́ 6.. | wikipedia | yo |
Gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìkan nínú ẹ̀gbẹ́ 14 lórí tábìlì ìdáṣíkọ̀ àwọn Elimẹ́ńtì, ó jẹ́ aláìjẹ́-mẹ́tà àti àfagbáramẹrindímú—èyí jẹ́ pé èléorílẹ̀ mẹ́rin wà láti dá ìsopọ̀ kẹ́míkà àjọ àjọmú.. | wikipedia | yo |
Àwọn ìsọ̀topù Karbọnu mẹ́ta ni wọ́n wà fún ra wọn, 12C àti 13C jẹ́ dídúró, nígbàtí 14C jẹ́ onítitankìòrọ, tóuntúká díẹ̀díẹ̀ pẹ̀lú àsìkò àbò-ìgbéayé tó tó bíi ọdún 5,730.. | wikipedia | yo |
Karbọnu ni ìkan nínú àwọn Elimẹ́ńtì díẹ̀ tí wọ́n ti jẹ dídámọ́ láti ìgbà àtijọ́.Oríṣi àwọn àlọ́tropù Karbọnu lowa tí èyí tó gbajúmọ̀ nínú wọn jẹ́ GraFaithia, díámọ́ndì, àti Karbọnu àìlètó.. | wikipedia | yo |
Àwọn Ini Fobada Karbọnu yàtò gegebi ìrú alotropù bá ṣe ri.. | wikipedia | yo |
Fún àpẹrẹ, diamọndi jẹ́ híhannu, nígbàtí Grathia jẹ́ didinú to sì dúdú.. | wikipedia | yo |
díámọ́ndì jẹ́ ìkan nínú àwọn èròjà tó le jùlọ, nígbàtí grathia jẹ́ dìdera dáadáa tó bẹ́ẹ̀ láti fi kọ ìwé.. | wikipedia | yo |
díámọ́ndì ni igbewọra oniṣẹtanná to kéré gidi, nigbati Grathia jẹ olugbewọra to dara gidigidi.. | wikipedia | yo |
Lábẹ́ àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ onídéédé, díádí, NANOtue Karbọnu àti Granifínní ní igbewọra onígbígbóná tó gajùlọ ní ãrín àwọn èròjà tí a mọ.. | wikipedia | yo |
Gbogbo àwọn àlọtropù Karbọnu jẹ́ aláràlílé ní abẹ́ ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ onídéédé ti Grathia jẹ́ irú èyí tó jẹ́ dídúró jùlọ níagbára onítigbígbóná.. | wikipedia | yo |
Wọ́n jẹ́ olódi sí kẹ́míkà bẹ́ẹ̀síni wọ́n fẹ́ Igbóq gíga láti túndáramọ́ra gan mọ́ òKSIjìn.. | wikipedia | yo |
The most common ipòayé ìsọdiksìdi Karbọnu nínú àwọn àdàpọ̀ aláìníOrgani ni +4, nígbàtí +2 wà ninu monoKSIdi Karbọnu àti àwọn mẹ́tàli ìrékọjá Karbonili míràn.. | wikipedia | yo |
Orísun tótóbitó Karbọnu aláìníOrgani ni òkúta-ẹfun, Dolokì àti DiKSIdi Karbọnu, ṣùgbọ́n ọ̀pọ̀ rẹ̀ tún wà nínú àwọn oníṣì oníOrgani èédú, peàt, epo Petroli àti Klátara Kta Arani.. | wikipedia | yo |
kárdéṣì se carbon forms more àdàpọ̀ ju àwọn elimẹ́ńtì yíò lò, bí Milionu mewa àdàpọ̀ oníOrgani ògidì ló wà títí dòní, síbẹ̀ àwọn yí kò ju ìdá díẹ̀ lọ nínú gbogbo iye irú àdàpọ̀ Karbọnu tó ṣe é ṣe lábẹ́ ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ onídéédé.kárbọnu ni Elimẹ́ńtì 15k tó gbaléjùlọ ní inú ìwúlé ayé, àti Elimẹ́ńtì Kẹrin tó gbálẹ̀ jùlọ nínú àgbálá-ayé gẹ́gẹ́bí iye Àkójọ Lẹ́yìn Haidjìn, wídọ̀mù, àti Óksì.. | wikipedia | yo |
Ó wà nínu gbogbo irú ẹ̀dà ọ̀hún alàyè, bẹ́ síni nínú ara ènìyàn Karbọnu ní Elimẹ́ńtì Kejì tó gbaléjùlọ gẹ́gẹ́bí iye Àkójọ (Bí 18.5%) lẹ́yìn òKSIjìn.. | wikipedia | yo |
igbalé yi, lápapọ̀ mọ ìpínjijìààbọ̀ àwọn àdàpọ̀ Organiki àti agbára wọn láti dá Polimeri ni ibi igbóNásì tó wọ́pọ̀ ni ilé ayé, sọ Elimẹ́ńtì yí di ìpìlẹ̀ kẹ́míkà gbogbo ohun ẹlẹ́mì.Àwọn ìdámọ̀àwọn oríṣi idà tàbí àlọ́tropù Karbọnu (Ẹ wo ìsàlẹ̀) ni nínú wọn ohun tó lé jùlọ ní ìdáye, díádí, àti èyí tó jẹ́ ìkan nínú ohun ríro jùlọ, graiti.. | wikipedia | yo |
Bákannáà, ó ní ìfẹ́ fún ìsopọ̀ mọ́ àwọn átọ́mù kékeré míràn, bíi àwọn átọ́ Karbọnu míràn, ó sì lè dá ọ̀pọ̀ ìsopọ̀ àjọfagbáradi afẹ́kìí mọ́ àwọn átọ́ báyìí.. | wikipedia | yo |
Nítorí èyí, Karbọnu lè dá oríṣiríṣi àdàpọ̀ tó pọ̀ tó miliọ́ mẹ́ẹ̀wá; ogunlọ́gọ̀ gbogbo àwọn àdàpọ̀ kẹ́míkà.. | wikipedia | yo |
Carbon also has the highest gúnpomation point of all elements.. | wikipedia | yo |
At atmospheric pressure it has no Melting point as its triple point is at 10.8 +- 0.2 Stampa and 4,600 +- 300 K (~4,330 °C or 7,820 °f), So it adultMa at about 3,900900 K.carbon Áàpmes in a carbon Arc which has a temtéture of about 5,800 K (5,530 °C; 9,980 °E).. | wikipedia | yo |
Thus, irAláyọ̀ctive of its Gbàgbétropic form, carbon remains solid at higher temperatures than the highest Melting point metals such as tungs or Rentleum.. | wikipedia | yo |
Although thermoigically prone to oxidation, carbon resists oxidation more effectively than elements such as iron and copper that are weNigeria dùdùcing Agents at room temperature.carbon comtyl form the basis of all known life on earth, and the carbon-nitrogen cycle provides some of the energy produced by the sun and other stars.. | wikipedia | yo |
Although it forms an extraordinary variety of ComABÍ, most forms of carbon are jádely unreactive under opóto conditions.. | wikipedia | yo |
At standard temperature and pressure, it resists all but the Stgest oxidizers.. | wikipedia | yo |
It does not react with sulfuric acid, clusi acid, chlorine or any Alkalis.. | wikipedia | yo |
At Absalomu temperatures carbon reacts with oxygen to form carbon oxides, and will Dutace such metal oxides as iron oxide to the metal.. | wikipedia | yo |
The three esperanly well-known allotropẹ̀s of carbon are Atephous carbon, tetete, and diamond.. | wikipedia | yo |
Once considered exotic, fullerenes are nowadays commonly póthesized and used in research; they include Buckyblls, carbon NANObes, carbon Nanòbuds and Nanófibers.. | wikipedia | yo |
Soral other exoti allotropẹ̀s have also been discovered, such as lonsdaleite, ìrẹ́pọ̀sy carbon, carbon NanÒfoam and Line Acetytso carbon (Carbynene).The Atephous form is an Assortment of carbon Atoms in a non-cryine, irlar, dressingsy state, which is essẹntially Grate but not held in a cryine MafòpinStructure.. | wikipedia | yo |
It is present as a Powder, and is the main Constituent of subu such as CHARDE, Jahblack (NASH) and Actiibí carbon.. | wikipedia | yo |
At normal pressures carbon takes the form of Grate, in which each atom is bonded Trinally to three others in a plane composed of Fused lílọ́yónal rings, just like those in aromatic hydrocarbons.. | wikipedia | yo |
The resulting Network is 2-dimensional, and the resulting Flat Shẹ̀ẹ̀ts are stacked and loosely bonded through weak van der waals forces.. | wikipedia | yo |
This gives tetete its softness and its cleaving first (the she slip easily past one another).. | wikipedia | yo |
Because of the olùgbàlàbzation of one of the oúter electrons of each àtòm to form a p-Cloud, Grate Convects electricity, but only in the plane of each covalely bonded Shvcape.. | wikipedia | yo |
This results in a lower bulk electrical Conducti for carbon than for most metals.. | wikipedia | yo |
The olùgbàlàmazation also accounts for the energetic stability of Gratete over diamond at room temra.At very high pressures carbon forms the more dissatis allotrope diamond, having nearly twice the denọ̀kọ̀ọ̀kan of Grate.. | wikipedia | yo |
Here, each arem is allded Tethedrally to four others, thus making a 3-dimenonal Network of puckérékéréd six-meḿbèrèd rings of Atoms.. | wikipedia | yo |
Diamond has the same cubic Structure as silicon and germanium and because of the strength of the carbon-carbon Bonds, it is the hardest Naturally occurring substance in terms of Resistance to scrameter.. | wikipedia | yo |
Conbery to the popular belief that "diamonds are Fore", they are in fact thermoráncally unble under Ògoto conditions and transform into Grate.. | wikipedia | yo |
However, due to a high Activation energy barbóyá, the Transition into Gratete is sọ extremely slow at room temtéture as to be unstable.. | wikipedia | yo |
under some conditions, carbon crystallizes as suspendeddaleite.. | wikipedia | yo |
This form has a lílọ́dsnal Crystal láttice where all àtòms are covalently bonded.. | wikipedia | yo |
Therefore, all properties of suspendeddale are close to those of diamond.fullerenes have a tetete-like Structure, but instead of purely lílọ́agonal PAfẹ́lẹ́, they also contain ètògons (or even hetylmen) of carbon àtòms, which bend the sheet into spheres, elLipses or cylinders.. | wikipedia | yo |
The properties of fullerenes (split into buckyballs, Buckytubes and Nanòbuds) have not yet been fully Anazed and represent an intense area of research in Nanotyl.. | wikipedia | yo |
The names "yàráÀgbàláré" And "Bububall are given after after Buckdojúkọ Fuller, pópúlárìzer of Godesic Domes, which reseble the Structure of fullerenes.. | wikipedia | yo |
The buckyballs are Fairly large mẹ́ta formed completely of carbon allded Trinally, forming spheroids (the best-known and simplest is the soccerball-shaped c60 Buckdojúkọ);rene).. | wikipedia | yo |
carbon Nantue are structcturally similar to buckyballs, except that each atom is bonded Trinally in a curved sheet that forms a hollow Cylinder.. | wikipedia | yo |
Nanòbuds were first reported in 2007 and are Hybrid bucky tube/buckyball mateU (BUEIAlls are covalently bonded to the outer wall of a NANOtue) that Comkainey the properties of both in a single Structure.of the other discovered allotropẹ̀s, carbon Nanọ̀fọ̀ is a ferrọ·neìta funratrope discovered in 1997.. | wikipedia | yo |
It pòbsts of a low-únÌdílé Cluster-assembly of carbon àtòms strung together in a loose three-dimenonal web, in which the àtòms are boded Trinally in six- and seven-meḿbèrèd rings.. | wikipedia | yo |
It is among the lightest known Solids, with a denọ̀kọ̀ọ̀kan of about 2kg kg/3.. | wikipedia | yo |
Similarly, Fátómisy carbon contains a high proportion of closed poRoṣity, but 0b013ery to normal tetete, the grap layers are not stacked like pages in a book Book, but a more random ránibùdóment.. | wikipedia | yo |
carbon in this mọdiọdún is line with sp orbital Hybridization, and is a Polymer with Alternating single and triple Bonds.. | wikipedia | yo |
This type of carbyne is of considerable interest to nanìrìn as its young's Module is forty times that of the hardest known material - diamond.occur.asp is the fourth most lámì place element in the Universe by Mass after hydrogen, helium, and oxygen.. | wikipedia | yo |
carbon is kun in the sùn, stars, Comets, and in the atmospheres of most planets | wikipedia | yo |
Some kiniorites contain microscopic diamonds that were formed when the relations system was still a protoPlanetary àárínipa.. | wikipedia | yo |
Òkúta diamonds may also be formed by the intense pressure and high temperature at the sites of imídìí impacts.in combination with oxygen in carbon dioxide, carbon is found in the earth's okogi (approximately 810 gígatonnes of carbon) and dissolved in all water Bodies (approximately 36,000 gígatonnes of carbon).. | wikipedia | yo |
Around 1,900 gígatonnes of carbon are present in the Biosphere.. | wikipedia | yo |
hydrocarbons (such as coal, Petroleum, and Natural Gas) contain carbon as well—coal "reserves" (Not "Resources") amount to around 900 gigatonnes, and oil reserves around 150 gigatonnes.. | wikipedia | yo |
Proven Sources of Natural Gas are about 175 1012 cubic metres (representing about 105 gígatonnes carbon), but it is estimated that there are also about 900 1012 cubic metres of "Oluw" Gas such as Shale Gas, representing about 540 gigatonnes of carbon.(in the past, legi of hydrocarbons were greater.. | wikipedia | yo |
In the period from 1751 to 2008 about 347 gígatonnes of carbon were released as carbon dioxide to the okogi from sẹ́nu of fọ́ssil Fuels.) is also locked up as Kíróníkàe and jariwafae Hytes in Polar rẹ́gí.. | wikipedia | yo |
It is estimated that at least 1,400 gt of carbon is in this form just in (and under) the subMarine permaFrost of the siberian Shelf.carbon is a major trivinent in very large masses of carbonate rock (limestone, dolomite, Marble and so on).. | wikipedia | yo |
Coked is the largest commercial source of mineral carbon, Accounting for 4,000 gígatonnes or 80% of Fossil carbon fuel.. | wikipedia | yo |
It is also rich in carbon - for example, MandaCite contains 92-98%.. | wikipedia | yo |
As for individual carbon allotropẹ̀s, tetete is found in large polluted in the United States (mostly in New York and Texas), Russia, Mexico, Greenland, and India.. | wikipedia | yo |
Natural diamonds occur in the rock kimberlite, found in ancient volcanic "Necks", or "pípés" | wikipedia | yo |
Most diamond ìgbàlódéman are in Africa, Notably in South Africa, Namibia, Botswana, the Republic of the Congo, and Sierra Leone.. | wikipedia | yo |
There are also yínyọts in iyawo, Canada, the Russian Arctic, Brazil and in northern and Western Australia.. | wikipedia | yo |
diamonds are now also being kórìírakíyèsí from the Ocean floor off the cape of good hope.. | wikipedia | yo |
However, though diamonds are found Naturally, about 30% of all Industrial diamonds used in the u.S.. | wikipedia | yo |
are now made 0b013etically.carbon-14 is formed in upper layers of the troporing and the strasis!os, at Altitudes of 9–15km km, by a reaction that is prepitated by cosMi rays.. | wikipedia | yo |
thermal neutrons are produced that Collide with the nuclei of nitrogen-14, forming carbon-14 and a proton.isosísọch of carbon are Atomic nuclei that contain six protons Plus a number of neutrons (varying from 2 to 16).. | wikipedia | yo |
carbon has two ààbọ̀ble, Naturally occurring isotope.. | wikipedia | yo |
The Itope carbon-12 (12C) forms 98.93% of the carbon on Earth, while carbon-13 (13C) forms the varro 1.07% | wikipedia | yo |
The concentration of 12c is further increased in Biological matemberton because Biotẹ́nì reactions disculpablete against 13.. | wikipedia | yo |
In 1961, the international Union of pure and Applied Chemistry (uùc) adopted the isotope carbon-12 as the basis for Atomic Weights.. | wikipedia | yo |
identiariwo of carbon in nmì experiments is done with the isotope 13.carbon. (141414) is a Naturally occurring radioisotope which occurs in tracece amounts on earth of up to 1 part per trillion (0.00000001%), mostly confined to the okooko and supercial yíntts, particularly of peat and other organic mate2.. | wikipedia | yo |
Because of its esperanly short half-life of 5730 years, 14C is virtually absent in ancient ogoji, but is created in the upper oko (lower strasisphere and upper tropodhere) by Interaction of nitrogen with cosmic rays.. | wikipedia | yo |
The abundance of 14C in the okogi and in living Organinisms is almost constant, but decreases predibly in their Bodies after death.. | wikipedia | yo |
This principle is used in radiocarbon Dating, invented in 1949, which has been used extensively to deterMine the age of ètòceous matetistic with gegebi up to about 40,000 years.There are 15 known isotopes of carbon and the Shortest-lived of these is 8C which ètòys through proton emi!’ and alpha agbóhùny and has a half-life of 1.9873939-10-21 s.. | wikipedia | yo |
The exotic 19c exKátólíìkìts a clear Halo, which means its rakéde is appreciably larger than would be expected if the nucleus were a sphere of constant den.Un] in starsformation of the carbon Atomic nucleus requires a nearly siselati- triple Collision of Alpha Parlọjọ́ (helium nuclei) within the Core of a giant or superto star which is known as the triple-alpha process, as the products of further reduplication fusion reactions of helium with hydrogen or another helium nucleus produce lithium-5 and berylli-8 ológoctivelyly, both of which are highly unOdi and defyy almost instantly back into smaller nuclei.. | wikipedia | yo |
This town in conditions of temperatures over 100 megaKelvin and helium concentration that the rapid expansion and cooling of the early Universe proìpolongoted, and therefore no significant carbon was created during the big Bang.. | wikipedia | yo |
Instead, the interiors of stars in the Horizontal branch transform three helium nuclei into carbon by means of this triple-alpha process.. | wikipedia | yo |
In order to be available for formation of life as we know it, this carbon must then later be scattered into space as dust, in superNova ṣègbésions, as part of the material which later forms second, third-Generation star systems which have planets ACcreted from such dust.. | wikipedia | yo |
The Solar system is one such Third-Generation Star system.. | wikipedia | yo |