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"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nDocument:\nte </Th> <Td> OS X - Overview - Apple at the Wayback Machine ( archived September 2 , 2016 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th_colspan=\"2\"> Support status </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan=\"2\"> Security updates and printer drivers only . Extended support to end this year , and iTunes support ends in next year . </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> OS X El Capitan ( / ɛl kæpɪˈtɑːn / el - KAP - ɪ - TAHN ) ( version 10.11 ) is the twelfth major release of OS X ( now named macOS ) , Apple Inc. 's desktop and server operating system for Macintosh computers . It is the successor to OS X Yosemite and focuses mainly on performance , stability and security . Following the Northern California landmark - based naming scheme introduced with OS X Mavericks , El Capitan was named after a rock formation in Yosemite National Park , signifying its goal to be a refined version of Yosemite . El Capitan is the final version to be released under the name OS X ; its successor , Sierra , was announced as macOS Sierra . El Capitan received far superior reviews when compared to Yosemite . </P> <P> The first beta of OS X El Capitan was released to developers shortly following the 2015 WWDC keynote on June 8 , 2015 . The first public beta was made available on July 9 , 2015 . There were multiple betas released after the keynote . OS X El Capitan was released to end users on September 30 , 2015 , as a free upgrade through the Mac App Store . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 System requirements </Li> <Li> 2 Features <Ul> <Li> 2.1 Window management </Li> <Li> 2.2 Applications <Ul> <Li> 2.2. 1 Messages and Mail </Li> <Li> 2.2. 2 Maps </Li> <Li> 2.2. 3 Notes </Li> <Li> 2.2. 4 Safari </Li> <Li> 2.2. 5 Spotlight </Li> <Li> 2.2. 6 Photos </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 2.3 System Integrity Protection </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 3 Release history </Li> <Li> 4 Reception <Ul> <Li> 4.1 Issues </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 5 References </Li> <Li> 6 External links </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> System requirements ( edit ) </H2> <P> All Macintosh computers that can run Mountain Lion , Mavericks , or Yosemite can run El Capitan , although not all of its features will work on older computers . For example , Apple notes that the newly available Metal API is available on `` all Macs since 2012 '' . </P> <P> These computers can run El Capitan , provided they have at least 2GB of RAM : </P> <Ul> <Li> iMac : Mid 2007 or newer </Li> <Li> MacBook : Late 2008 or newer </Li> <Li> MacBook White / Black : Early 2009 or newer </Li> <Li> MacBook ( Retina ) : All </Li> <Li> MacBook Air : Late 2008 or newer </Li> <Li> MacBook Pro : 13 - inch : Mid 2009 or newer </Li> <Li> MacBook Pro : 15 - inch : Mid 2007 or newer </Li> <Li> MacBook Pro : 17 - inch : Mid 2007 or newer , Late 2007 or newer </Li> <Li> Mac Mini : Early 2009 or newer </Li> <Li> Mac Pro : Early 2008 or newer </Li> <Li> Xserve : Early 2009 </Li> </Ul> <P> Of these computers , the following models were equipped with 1GB RAM as the standard option on the base model when they were shipped originally . They can only run OS X El Capitan if they have at least 2GB of RAM . </P> <Ul> <Li> iMac : Mid 2007 </Li> <Li> iMac : Early 2008 </Li> <Li> Mac Mini : Early 2009 </Li> </Ul> <P> The following computers support features such as Handoff , Instant Hotspot , AirDrop between Mac computers and iOS devices , as well as the new Metal API : </P> <Ul> <Li> iMac : Late 2012 or newer </Li> <Li> MacBook : Early 2015 or newer </Li> <Li> MacBook Air : Mid 2012 or newer </Li> <Li> MacBook Pro : Mid 2012 or newer </Li> <Li> Mac Mini : Late 2012 or newer </Li> <Li> Mac Pro : Late 2013 </Li> </Ul> <P> The upgrade varies in size depending upon which Apple Mac computer it is being installed on , in most scenarios it will require about 6 GB of disk space . </P> <H2> Features ( edit ) </H2> <P> OS X El Capitan includes features to improve the security , performance , design and usability of OS X . Compared to OS X Yosemite , Apple says that opening PDFs is four times faster , app switching and viewing messages in Mail is twice as fast and launching apps is 40 % faster . The maximum amount of memory that could be allocated to the graphics processor has been increased from 1024 MB to 1536 MB on Macs with an Intel HD 4000 GPU . OS X El Capitan supports Metal , Apple 's graphics API introduced in iOS 8 to speed up performance in games and professional applications . Apple 's typeface San Francisco replaces Helvetica Neue as the system typeface . OS X El Capitan also adopts LibreSSL in replacement of OpenSSL used in previous versions . </P> <H3> Window management ( edit ) </H3> An example of the Split screen ( computer graphics ) view in OS X El Capitan <P> OS X El Capitan introduces new window management features such as creating a full - screen split view by pressing the green button on left upper corner of the window or Control + Cmd + F keyboard shortcut , then snapping any supported other window to that full screen application . This feature is slightly similar to , although less extensive than , the snap - assist feature in Windows 7 ( and later ) and several Linux desktop environments , such as GNOME . OS X El Capitan improves Mission Control to in\n\nQuestion:\nwhat is the latest version of osx el capitan\n"
},
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"value": "version 10.11"
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[
{
"from": "human",
"tok_len": 1686,
"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nQuestion:\nwhat is the latest version of osx el capitan\n\nDocument:\nte </Th> <Td> OS X - Overview - Apple at the Wayback Machine ( archived September 2 , 2016 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th_colspan=\"2\"> Support status </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan=\"2\"> Security updates and printer drivers only . Extended support to end this year , and iTunes support ends in next year . </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> OS X El Capitan ( / ɛl kæpɪˈtɑːn / el - KAP - ɪ - TAHN ) ( version 10.11 ) is the twelfth major release of OS X ( now named macOS ) , Apple Inc. 's desktop and server operating system for Macintosh computers . It is the successor to OS X Yosemite and focuses mainly on performance , stability and security . Following the Northern California landmark - based naming scheme introduced with OS X Mavericks , El Capitan was named after a rock formation in Yosemite National Park , signifying its goal to be a refined version of Yosemite . El Capitan is the final version to be released under the name OS X ; its successor , Sierra , was announced as macOS Sierra . El Capitan received far superior reviews when compared to Yosemite . </P> <P> The first beta of OS X El Capitan was released to developers shortly following the 2015 WWDC keynote on June 8 , 2015 . The first public beta was made available on July 9 , 2015 . There were multiple betas released after the keynote . OS X El Capitan was released to end users on September 30 , 2015 , as a free upgrade through the Mac App Store . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 System requirements </Li> <Li> 2 Features <Ul> <Li> 2.1 Window management </Li> <Li> 2.2 Applications <Ul> <Li> 2.2. 1 Messages and Mail </Li> <Li> 2.2. 2 Maps </Li> <Li> 2.2. 3 Notes </Li> <Li> 2.2. 4 Safari </Li> <Li> 2.2. 5 Spotlight </Li> <Li> 2.2. 6 Photos </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 2.3 System Integrity Protection </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 3 Release history </Li> <Li> 4 Reception <Ul> <Li> 4.1 Issues </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 5 References </Li> <Li> 6 External links </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> System requirements ( edit ) </H2> <P> All Macintosh computers that can run Mountain Lion , Mavericks , or Yosemite can run El Capitan , although not all of its features will work on older computers . For example , Apple notes that the newly available Metal API is available on `` all Macs since 2012 '' . </P> <P> These computers can run El Capitan , provided they have at least 2GB of RAM : </P> <Ul> <Li> iMac : Mid 2007 or newer </Li> <Li> MacBook : Late 2008 or newer </Li> <Li> MacBook White / Black : Early 2009 or newer </Li> <Li> MacBook ( Retina ) : All </Li> <Li> MacBook Air : Late 2008 or newer </Li> <Li> MacBook Pro : 13 - inch : Mid 2009 or newer </Li> <Li> MacBook Pro : 15 - inch : Mid 2007 or newer </Li> <Li> MacBook Pro : 17 - inch : Mid 2007 or newer , Late 2007 or newer </Li> <Li> Mac Mini : Early 2009 or newer </Li> <Li> Mac Pro : Early 2008 or newer </Li> <Li> Xserve : Early 2009 </Li> </Ul> <P> Of these computers , the following models were equipped with 1GB RAM as the standard option on the base model when they were shipped originally . They can only run OS X El Capitan if they have at least 2GB of RAM . </P> <Ul> <Li> iMac : Mid 2007 </Li> <Li> iMac : Early 2008 </Li> <Li> Mac Mini : Early 2009 </Li> </Ul> <P> The following computers support features such as Handoff , Instant Hotspot , AirDrop between Mac computers and iOS devices , as well as the new Metal API : </P> <Ul> <Li> iMac : Late 2012 or newer </Li> <Li> MacBook : Early 2015 or newer </Li> <Li> MacBook Air : Mid 2012 or newer </Li> <Li> MacBook Pro : Mid 2012 or newer </Li> <Li> Mac Mini : Late 2012 or newer </Li> <Li> Mac Pro : Late 2013 </Li> </Ul> <P> The upgrade varies in size depending upon which Apple Mac computer it is being installed on , in most scenarios it will require about 6 GB of disk space . </P> <H2> Features ( edit ) </H2> <P> OS X El Capitan includes features to improve the security , performance , design and usability of OS X . Compared to OS X Yosemite , Apple says that opening PDFs is four times faster , app switching and viewing messages in Mail is twice as fast and launching apps is 40 % faster . The maximum amount of memory that could be allocated to the graphics processor has been increased from 1024 MB to 1536 MB on Macs with an Intel HD 4000 GPU . OS X El Capitan supports Metal , Apple 's graphics API introduced in iOS 8 to speed up performance in games and professional applications . Apple 's typeface San Francisco replaces Helvetica Neue as the system typeface . OS X El Capitan also adopts LibreSSL in replacement of OpenSSL used in previous versions . </P> <H3> Window management ( edit ) </H3> An example of the Split screen ( computer graphics ) view in OS X El Capitan <P> OS X El Capitan introduces new window management features such as creating a full - screen split view by pressing the green button on left upper corner of the window or Control + Cmd + F keyboard shortcut , then snapping any supported other window to that full screen application . This feature is slightly similar to , although less extensive than , the snap - assist feature in Windows 7 ( and later ) and several Linux desktop environments , such as GNOME . OS X El Capitan improves Mission Control to in\n"
},
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"value": "version 10.11"
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[
{
"from": "human",
"tok_len": 1955,
"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nDocument:\nOS X El Capitan - Wikipedia <H1> OS X El Capitan </H1> Jump to : navigation , search <Table> OS X 10.11 El Capitan <Tr> <Td_colspan=\"2\"> A version of the macOS operating system </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan=\"2\"> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan=\"2\"> OS X El Capitan desktop </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Developer </Th> <Td> Apple Inc . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> OS family </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Macintosh </Li> <Li> Unix </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Source model </Th> <Td> Closed source ( with open source components ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Released to manufacturing </Th> <Td> September 30 , 2015 ; 2 years ago ( 2015 - 09 - 30 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Latest release </Th> <Td> 10.11. 6 ( 15G20015 ) / March 29 , 2018 ; 1 day ago ( 2018 - 03 - 29 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Update method </Th> <Td> Mac App Store </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Platforms </Th> <Td> x86 - 64 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Kernel type </Th> <Td> Hybrid ( XNU ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> License </Th> <Td> APSL and Apple EULA </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Preceded by </Th> <Td> OS X 10.10 Yosemite </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Succeeded by </Th> <Td> macOS 10.12 Sierra </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Official website </Th> <Td> OS X - Overview - Apple at the Wayback Machine ( archived September 2 , 2016 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th_colspan=\"2\"> Support status </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan=\"2\"> Security updates and printer drivers only . Extended support to end this year , and iTunes support ends in next year . </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> OS X El Capitan ( / ɛl kæpɪˈtɑːn / el - KAP - ɪ - TAHN ) ( version 10.11 ) is the twelfth major release of OS X ( now named macOS ) , Apple Inc. 's desktop and server operating system for Macintosh computers . It is the successor to OS X Yosemite and focuses mainly on performance , stability and security . Following the Northern California landmark - based naming scheme introduced with OS X Mavericks , El Capitan was named after a rock formation in Yosemite National Park , signifying its goal to be a refined version of Yosemite . El Capitan is the final version to be released under the name OS X ; its successor , Sierra , was announced as macOS Sierra . El Capitan received far superior reviews when compared to Yosemite . </P> <P> The first beta of OS X El Capitan was released to developers shortly following the 2015 WWDC keynote on June 8 , 2015 . The first public beta was made available on July 9 , 2015 . There were multiple betas released after the keynote . OS X El Capitan was released to end users on September 30 , 2015 , as a free upgrade through the Mac App Store . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 System requirements </Li> <Li> 2 Features <Ul> <Li> 2.1 Window management </Li> <Li> 2.2 Applications <Ul> <Li> 2.2. 1 Messages and Mail </Li> <Li> 2.2. 2 Maps </Li> <Li> 2.2. 3 Notes </Li> <Li> 2.2. 4 Safari </Li> <Li> 2.2. 5 Spotlight </Li> <Li> 2.2. 6 Photos </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 2.3 System Integrity Protection </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 3 Release history </Li> <Li> 4 Reception <Ul> <Li> 4.1 Issues </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 5 References </Li> <Li> 6 External links </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> System requirements ( edit ) </H2> <P> All Macintosh computers that can run Mountain Lion , Mavericks , or Yosemite can run El Capitan , although not all of its features will work on older computers . For example , Apple notes that the newly available Metal API is available on `` all Macs since 2012 '' . </P> <P> These computers can run El Capitan , provided they have at least 2GB of RAM : </P> <Ul> <Li> iMac : Mid 2007 or newer </Li> <Li> MacBook : Late 2008 or newer </Li> <Li> MacBook White / Black : Early 2009 or newer </Li> <Li> MacBook ( Retina ) : All </Li> <Li> MacBook Air : Late 2008 or newer </Li> <Li> MacBook Pro : 13 - inch : Mid 2009 or newer </Li> <Li> MacBook Pro : 15 - inch : Mid 2007 or newer </Li> <Li> MacBook Pro : 17 - inch : Mid 2007 or newer , Late 2007 or newer </Li> <Li> Mac Mini : Early 2009 or newer </Li> <Li> Mac Pro : Early 2008 or newer </Li> <Li> Xserve : Early 2009 </Li> </Ul> <P> Of these computers , the following models were equipped with 1GB RAM as the standard option on the base model when they were shipped originally . They can only run OS X El Capitan if they have at least 2GB of RAM . </P> <Ul> <Li> iMac : Mid 2007 </Li> <Li> iMac : Early 2008 </Li> <Li> Mac Mini : Early 2009 </Li> </Ul> <P> The following computers support features such as Handoff , Instant Hotspot , AirDrop between Mac computers and iOS devices , as well as the new Metal API : </P> <Ul> <Li> iMac : Late 2012 or newer </Li> <Li> MacBook : Early 2015 or newer </Li> <Li> MacBook Air : Mid 2012 or newer </Li> <Li> MacBook Pro : Mid 2012 or newer </Li> <Li> Mac Mini : Late 2012 or newer </Li> <Li> Mac Pro : Late 2013 </Li> </Ul> <P> The upgrade varies in size depending upon which Apple Mac computer it is being installed on , in most scenarios it will require about 6 GB of disk space . </P> <H2> Features ( edit ) </H2> <P> OS X El Capitan includes features to improve the security , performance , design and usability of OS X . Compared to OS X Yosemite , Apple says that opening PDFs is four times faster , app switching and viewing messages in Mail is twice as fast\n\nQuestion:\nwhat is the latest version of osx el capitan\n"
},
{
"from": "agent",
"tok_len": null,
"value": "version 10.11"
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[
{
"from": "human",
"tok_len": 1955,
"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nQuestion:\nwhat is the latest version of osx el capitan\n\nDocument:\nOS X El Capitan - Wikipedia <H1> OS X El Capitan </H1> Jump to : navigation , search <Table> OS X 10.11 El Capitan <Tr> <Td_colspan=\"2\"> A version of the macOS operating system </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan=\"2\"> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan=\"2\"> OS X El Capitan desktop </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Developer </Th> <Td> Apple Inc . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> OS family </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Macintosh </Li> <Li> Unix </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Source model </Th> <Td> Closed source ( with open source components ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Released to manufacturing </Th> <Td> September 30 , 2015 ; 2 years ago ( 2015 - 09 - 30 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Latest release </Th> <Td> 10.11. 6 ( 15G20015 ) / March 29 , 2018 ; 1 day ago ( 2018 - 03 - 29 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Update method </Th> <Td> Mac App Store </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Platforms </Th> <Td> x86 - 64 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Kernel type </Th> <Td> Hybrid ( XNU ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> License </Th> <Td> APSL and Apple EULA </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Preceded by </Th> <Td> OS X 10.10 Yosemite </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Succeeded by </Th> <Td> macOS 10.12 Sierra </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Official website </Th> <Td> OS X - Overview - Apple at the Wayback Machine ( archived September 2 , 2016 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th_colspan=\"2\"> Support status </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan=\"2\"> Security updates and printer drivers only . Extended support to end this year , and iTunes support ends in next year . </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> OS X El Capitan ( / ɛl kæpɪˈtɑːn / el - KAP - ɪ - TAHN ) ( version 10.11 ) is the twelfth major release of OS X ( now named macOS ) , Apple Inc. 's desktop and server operating system for Macintosh computers . It is the successor to OS X Yosemite and focuses mainly on performance , stability and security . Following the Northern California landmark - based naming scheme introduced with OS X Mavericks , El Capitan was named after a rock formation in Yosemite National Park , signifying its goal to be a refined version of Yosemite . El Capitan is the final version to be released under the name OS X ; its successor , Sierra , was announced as macOS Sierra . El Capitan received far superior reviews when compared to Yosemite . </P> <P> The first beta of OS X El Capitan was released to developers shortly following the 2015 WWDC keynote on June 8 , 2015 . The first public beta was made available on July 9 , 2015 . There were multiple betas released after the keynote . OS X El Capitan was released to end users on September 30 , 2015 , as a free upgrade through the Mac App Store . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 System requirements </Li> <Li> 2 Features <Ul> <Li> 2.1 Window management </Li> <Li> 2.2 Applications <Ul> <Li> 2.2. 1 Messages and Mail </Li> <Li> 2.2. 2 Maps </Li> <Li> 2.2. 3 Notes </Li> <Li> 2.2. 4 Safari </Li> <Li> 2.2. 5 Spotlight </Li> <Li> 2.2. 6 Photos </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 2.3 System Integrity Protection </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 3 Release history </Li> <Li> 4 Reception <Ul> <Li> 4.1 Issues </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 5 References </Li> <Li> 6 External links </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> System requirements ( edit ) </H2> <P> All Macintosh computers that can run Mountain Lion , Mavericks , or Yosemite can run El Capitan , although not all of its features will work on older computers . For example , Apple notes that the newly available Metal API is available on `` all Macs since 2012 '' . </P> <P> These computers can run El Capitan , provided they have at least 2GB of RAM : </P> <Ul> <Li> iMac : Mid 2007 or newer </Li> <Li> MacBook : Late 2008 or newer </Li> <Li> MacBook White / Black : Early 2009 or newer </Li> <Li> MacBook ( Retina ) : All </Li> <Li> MacBook Air : Late 2008 or newer </Li> <Li> MacBook Pro : 13 - inch : Mid 2009 or newer </Li> <Li> MacBook Pro : 15 - inch : Mid 2007 or newer </Li> <Li> MacBook Pro : 17 - inch : Mid 2007 or newer , Late 2007 or newer </Li> <Li> Mac Mini : Early 2009 or newer </Li> <Li> Mac Pro : Early 2008 or newer </Li> <Li> Xserve : Early 2009 </Li> </Ul> <P> Of these computers , the following models were equipped with 1GB RAM as the standard option on the base model when they were shipped originally . They can only run OS X El Capitan if they have at least 2GB of RAM . </P> <Ul> <Li> iMac : Mid 2007 </Li> <Li> iMac : Early 2008 </Li> <Li> Mac Mini : Early 2009 </Li> </Ul> <P> The following computers support features such as Handoff , Instant Hotspot , AirDrop between Mac computers and iOS devices , as well as the new Metal API : </P> <Ul> <Li> iMac : Late 2012 or newer </Li> <Li> MacBook : Early 2015 or newer </Li> <Li> MacBook Air : Mid 2012 or newer </Li> <Li> MacBook Pro : Mid 2012 or newer </Li> <Li> Mac Mini : Late 2012 or newer </Li> <Li> Mac Pro : Late 2013 </Li> </Ul> <P> The upgrade varies in size depending upon which Apple Mac computer it is being installed on , in most scenarios it will require about 6 GB of disk space . </P> <H2> Features ( edit ) </H2> <P> OS X El Capitan includes features to improve the security , performance , design and usability of OS X . Compared to OS X Yosemite , Apple says that opening PDFs is four times faster , app switching and viewing messages in Mail is twice as fast\n"
},
{
"from": "agent",
"tok_len": null,
"value": "version 10.11"
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[
{
"from": "human",
"tok_len": 1955,
"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nDocument:\nOS X El Capitan - Wikipedia <H1> OS X El Capitan </H1> Jump to : navigation , search <Table> OS X 10.11 El Capitan <Tr> <Td_colspan=\"2\"> A version of the macOS operating system </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan=\"2\"> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan=\"2\"> OS X El Capitan desktop </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Developer </Th> <Td> Apple Inc . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> OS family </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Macintosh </Li> <Li> Unix </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Source model </Th> <Td> Closed source ( with open source components ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Released to manufacturing </Th> <Td> September 30 , 2015 ; 2 years ago ( 2015 - 09 - 30 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Latest release </Th> <Td> 10.11. 6 ( 15G20015 ) / March 29 , 2018 ; 1 day ago ( 2018 - 03 - 29 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Update method </Th> <Td> Mac App Store </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Platforms </Th> <Td> x86 - 64 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Kernel type </Th> <Td> Hybrid ( XNU ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> License </Th> <Td> APSL and Apple EULA </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Preceded by </Th> <Td> OS X 10.10 Yosemite </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Succeeded by </Th> <Td> macOS 10.12 Sierra </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Official website </Th> <Td> OS X - Overview - Apple at the Wayback Machine ( archived September 2 , 2016 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th_colspan=\"2\"> Support status </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan=\"2\"> Security updates and printer drivers only . Extended support to end this year , and iTunes support ends in next year . </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> OS X El Capitan ( / ɛl kæpɪˈtɑːn / el - KAP - ɪ - TAHN ) ( version 10.11 ) is the twelfth major release of OS X ( now named macOS ) , Apple Inc. 's desktop and server operating system for Macintosh computers . It is the successor to OS X Yosemite and focuses mainly on performance , stability and security . Following the Northern California landmark - based naming scheme introduced with OS X Mavericks , El Capitan was named after a rock formation in Yosemite National Park , signifying its goal to be a refined version of Yosemite . El Capitan is the final version to be released under the name OS X ; its successor , Sierra , was announced as macOS Sierra . El Capitan received far superior reviews when compared to Yosemite . </P> <P> The first beta of OS X El Capitan was released to developers shortly following the 2015 WWDC keynote on June 8 , 2015 . The first public beta was made available on July 9 , 2015 . There were multiple betas released after the keynote . OS X El Capitan was released to end users on September 30 , 2015 , as a free upgrade through the Mac App Store . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 System requirements </Li> <Li> 2 Features <Ul> <Li> 2.1 Window management </Li> <Li> 2.2 Applications <Ul> <Li> 2.2. 1 Messages and Mail </Li> <Li> 2.2. 2 Maps </Li> <Li> 2.2. 3 Notes </Li> <Li> 2.2. 4 Safari </Li> <Li> 2.2. 5 Spotlight </Li> <Li> 2.2. 6 Photos </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 2.3 System Integrity Protection </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 3 Release history </Li> <Li> 4 Reception <Ul> <Li> 4.1 Issues </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 5 References </Li> <Li> 6 External links </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> System requirements ( edit ) </H2> <P> All Macintosh computers that can run Mountain Lion , Mavericks , or Yosemite can run El Capitan , although not all of its features will work on older computers . For example , Apple notes that the newly available Metal API is available on `` all Macs since 2012 '' . </P> <P> These computers can run El Capitan , provided they have at least 2GB of RAM : </P> <Ul> <Li> iMac : Mid 2007 or newer </Li> <Li> MacBook : Late 2008 or newer </Li> <Li> MacBook White / Black : Early 2009 or newer </Li> <Li> MacBook ( Retina ) : All </Li> <Li> MacBook Air : Late 2008 or newer </Li> <Li> MacBook Pro : 13 - inch : Mid 2009 or newer </Li> <Li> MacBook Pro : 15 - inch : Mid 2007 or newer </Li> <Li> MacBook Pro : 17 - inch : Mid 2007 or newer , Late 2007 or newer </Li> <Li> Mac Mini : Early 2009 or newer </Li> <Li> Mac Pro : Early 2008 or newer </Li> <Li> Xserve : Early 2009 </Li> </Ul> <P> Of these computers , the following models were equipped with 1GB RAM as the standard option on the base model when they were shipped originally . They can only run OS X El Capitan if they have at least 2GB of RAM . </P> <Ul> <Li> iMac : Mid 2007 </Li> <Li> iMac : Early 2008 </Li> <Li> Mac Mini : Early 2009 </Li> </Ul> <P> The following computers support features such as Handoff , Instant Hotspot , AirDrop between Mac computers and iOS devices , as well as the new Metal API : </P> <Ul> <Li> iMac : Late 2012 or newer </Li> <Li> MacBook : Early 2015 or newer </Li> <Li> MacBook Air : Mid 2012 or newer </Li> <Li> MacBook Pro : Mid 2012 or newer </Li> <Li> Mac Mini : Late 2012 or newer </Li> <Li> Mac Pro : Late 2013 </Li> </Ul> <P> The upgrade varies in size depending upon which Apple Mac computer it is being installed on , in most scenarios it will require about 6 GB of disk space . </P> <H2> Features ( edit ) </H2> <P> OS X El Capitan includes features to improve the security , performance , design and usability of OS X . Compared to OS X Yosemite , Apple says that opening PDFs is four times faster , app switching and viewing messages in Mail is twice as fast\n\nQuestion:\nwhat is the latest version of osx el capitan\n"
},
{
"from": "agent",
"tok_len": null,
"value": "version 10.11"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"tok_len": 1955,
"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nQuestion:\nwhat is the latest version of osx el capitan\n\nDocument:\nOS X El Capitan - Wikipedia <H1> OS X El Capitan </H1> Jump to : navigation , search <Table> OS X 10.11 El Capitan <Tr> <Td_colspan=\"2\"> A version of the macOS operating system </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan=\"2\"> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan=\"2\"> OS X El Capitan desktop </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Developer </Th> <Td> Apple Inc . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> OS family </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Macintosh </Li> <Li> Unix </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Source model </Th> <Td> Closed source ( with open source components ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Released to manufacturing </Th> <Td> September 30 , 2015 ; 2 years ago ( 2015 - 09 - 30 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Latest release </Th> <Td> 10.11. 6 ( 15G20015 ) / March 29 , 2018 ; 1 day ago ( 2018 - 03 - 29 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Update method </Th> <Td> Mac App Store </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Platforms </Th> <Td> x86 - 64 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Kernel type </Th> <Td> Hybrid ( XNU ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> License </Th> <Td> APSL and Apple EULA </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Preceded by </Th> <Td> OS X 10.10 Yosemite </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Succeeded by </Th> <Td> macOS 10.12 Sierra </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Official website </Th> <Td> OS X - Overview - Apple at the Wayback Machine ( archived September 2 , 2016 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th_colspan=\"2\"> Support status </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan=\"2\"> Security updates and printer drivers only . Extended support to end this year , and iTunes support ends in next year . </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> OS X El Capitan ( / ɛl kæpɪˈtɑːn / el - KAP - ɪ - TAHN ) ( version 10.11 ) is the twelfth major release of OS X ( now named macOS ) , Apple Inc. 's desktop and server operating system for Macintosh computers . It is the successor to OS X Yosemite and focuses mainly on performance , stability and security . Following the Northern California landmark - based naming scheme introduced with OS X Mavericks , El Capitan was named after a rock formation in Yosemite National Park , signifying its goal to be a refined version of Yosemite . El Capitan is the final version to be released under the name OS X ; its successor , Sierra , was announced as macOS Sierra . El Capitan received far superior reviews when compared to Yosemite . </P> <P> The first beta of OS X El Capitan was released to developers shortly following the 2015 WWDC keynote on June 8 , 2015 . The first public beta was made available on July 9 , 2015 . There were multiple betas released after the keynote . OS X El Capitan was released to end users on September 30 , 2015 , as a free upgrade through the Mac App Store . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 System requirements </Li> <Li> 2 Features <Ul> <Li> 2.1 Window management </Li> <Li> 2.2 Applications <Ul> <Li> 2.2. 1 Messages and Mail </Li> <Li> 2.2. 2 Maps </Li> <Li> 2.2. 3 Notes </Li> <Li> 2.2. 4 Safari </Li> <Li> 2.2. 5 Spotlight </Li> <Li> 2.2. 6 Photos </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 2.3 System Integrity Protection </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 3 Release history </Li> <Li> 4 Reception <Ul> <Li> 4.1 Issues </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 5 References </Li> <Li> 6 External links </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> System requirements ( edit ) </H2> <P> All Macintosh computers that can run Mountain Lion , Mavericks , or Yosemite can run El Capitan , although not all of its features will work on older computers . For example , Apple notes that the newly available Metal API is available on `` all Macs since 2012 '' . </P> <P> These computers can run El Capitan , provided they have at least 2GB of RAM : </P> <Ul> <Li> iMac : Mid 2007 or newer </Li> <Li> MacBook : Late 2008 or newer </Li> <Li> MacBook White / Black : Early 2009 or newer </Li> <Li> MacBook ( Retina ) : All </Li> <Li> MacBook Air : Late 2008 or newer </Li> <Li> MacBook Pro : 13 - inch : Mid 2009 or newer </Li> <Li> MacBook Pro : 15 - inch : Mid 2007 or newer </Li> <Li> MacBook Pro : 17 - inch : Mid 2007 or newer , Late 2007 or newer </Li> <Li> Mac Mini : Early 2009 or newer </Li> <Li> Mac Pro : Early 2008 or newer </Li> <Li> Xserve : Early 2009 </Li> </Ul> <P> Of these computers , the following models were equipped with 1GB RAM as the standard option on the base model when they were shipped originally . They can only run OS X El Capitan if they have at least 2GB of RAM . </P> <Ul> <Li> iMac : Mid 2007 </Li> <Li> iMac : Early 2008 </Li> <Li> Mac Mini : Early 2009 </Li> </Ul> <P> The following computers support features such as Handoff , Instant Hotspot , AirDrop between Mac computers and iOS devices , as well as the new Metal API : </P> <Ul> <Li> iMac : Late 2012 or newer </Li> <Li> MacBook : Early 2015 or newer </Li> <Li> MacBook Air : Mid 2012 or newer </Li> <Li> MacBook Pro : Mid 2012 or newer </Li> <Li> Mac Mini : Late 2012 or newer </Li> <Li> Mac Pro : Late 2013 </Li> </Ul> <P> The upgrade varies in size depending upon which Apple Mac computer it is being installed on , in most scenarios it will require about 6 GB of disk space . </P> <H2> Features ( edit ) </H2> <P> OS X El Capitan includes features to improve the security , performance , design and usability of OS X . Compared to OS X Yosemite , Apple says that opening PDFs is four times faster , app switching and viewing messages in Mail is twice as fast\n"
},
{
"from": "agent",
"tok_len": null,
"value": "version 10.11"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"tok_len": 1819,
"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nDocument:\nh Day </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan=\"2\"> Unofficial Earth Day Flag created by John McConnell . The Ecology Flag was also used . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Significance </Th> <Td> support for environmental protection </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Begins </Th> <Td> 1970 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Date </Th> <Td> April 22 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Next time </Th> <Td> 22 April 2019 ( 2019 - 04 - 22 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Frequency </Th> <Td> annual </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> Earth Day is an annual event celebrated on April 22 . Worldwide , various events are held to demonstrate support for environmental protection . First celebrated in 1970 , Earth Day events in more than 193 countries are now coordinated globally by the Earth Day Network . </P> <P> On Earth Day 2016 , the landmark Paris Agreement was signed by the United States , China , and some 120 other countries . This signing satisfied a key requirement for the entry into force of the historic draft climate protection treaty adopted by consensus of the 195 nations present at the 2015 United Nations Climate Change Conference in Paris . </P> <P> In 1969 at a UNESCO Conference in San Francisco , peace activist John McConnell proposed a day to honor the Earth and the concept of peace , to first be celebrated on March 21 , 1970 , the first day of spring in the northern hemisphere . This day of nature 's equipoise was later sanctioned in a proclamation written by McConnell and signed by Secretary General U Thant at the United Nations . A month later a separate Earth Day was founded by United States Senator Gaylord Nelson as an environmental teach - in first held on April 22 , 1970 . Nelson was later awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom award in recognition of his work . While this April 22 Earth Day was focused on the United States , an organization launched by Denis Hayes , who was the original national coordinator in 1970 , took it international in 1990 and organized events in 141 nations . </P> <P> Numerous communities celebrate Earth Week , an entire week of activities focused on the environmental issues that the world faces . In 2017 , the March for Science occurred on Earth Day ( April 22 , 2017 ) and was followed by the People 's Climate Mobilization ( April 29 , 2017 ) . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Santa Barbara Oil Blowout 1969 </Li> <Li> 2 Santa Barbara 's Environmental Rights Day 1970 </Li> <Li> 3 Earth Day 1970 <Ul> <Li> 3.1 New York City </Li> <Li> 3.2 Philadelphia </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 4 Earth Day 1990 </Li> <Li> 5 Earth Day 2000 </Li> <Li> 6 Subsequent Earth Day events </Li> <Li> 7 The Earth Day name </Li> <Li> 8 Earth Day Canada </Li> <Li> 9 History of the Equinox Earth Day ( March 20 ) </Li> <Li> 10 April 22 observances <Ul> <Li> 10.1 Growing eco-activism before Earth Day 1970 </Li> <Li> 10.2 Significance of April 22 </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 11 Earth Day songs </Li> <Li> 12 See also </Li> <Li> 13 References </Li> <Li> 14 External links </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Santa Barbara oil blowout 1969 </H2> Main article : 1969 Santa Barbara oil spill <P> On January 28 , 1969 , a well drilled by Union Oil Platform A off the coast of Santa Barbara , California , blew out . More than three million gallons of oil spewed , killing over 10,000 seabirds , dolphins , seals , and sea lions . As a reaction to this natural disaster , activists were mobilized to create environmental regulation , environmental education , and Earth Day . Among the proponents of Earth Day were the people in the front lines of fighting this disaster , Selma Rubin , Marc McGinnes , and Bud Bottoms , founder of Get Oil Out . According to Kate Wheeling , Denis Hayes told her that Senator Gaylord Nelson from Wisconsin saw the Santa Barbara Channel 800 square - mile oil slick from an airplane , which gave him the impetus to organize Earth Day . </P> <H2> Santa Barbara 's environmental Rights Day 1970 </H2> <P> On the first anniversary of the oil blowout , January 28 , 1970 , Environmental Rights Day is celebrated , where the Declaration of Environmental Rights is read . It had been written by Rod Nash during a boat trip across the Santa Barbara Channel while carrying a copy of Thomas Jefferson 's Declaration of Independence . The organizers of Environmental Rights Day , led by Marc McGinnes , had been working closely over a period of several months with Congressman Pete McCloskey ( R - CA ) to consult on the creation of the National Environmental Policy Act , the first of many new environmental protection laws sparked by the national outcry about the blowout / oil spill and on the Declaration of Environmental Rights . Both McCloskey ( Earth Day co-chair with Senator Gaylord Nelson ) and Earth Day organizer Denis Hayes , along with Senator Alan Cranston , Paul Ehrlich , David Brower and other prominent leaders , endorsed the Declaration and spoke about it at the Environmental Rights Day conference . According to Francis Sarguis , `` the conference was sort of like the baptism for the movement . '' Nash , Garrett Hardin , McGinnes and others went on to develop the first undergraduate Environmental Studies program of its kind at the University of California at Santa Barbara . </P> <H2> Earth Day 1970 </H2> President Richard Nixon and First Lady Pat Nixon plant a tree on the White House South Lawn to recognize the first Earth Day . <P> The first Earth Day celebrations took place in two thousand colleges and universities , roughly ten thousand primary and secondary schools , and hundreds of communities across the United States . More importantly , it `` brought 20 million Americans out into the spring sunshine for peaceful demonstrations in favor of environmental reform . '' It now is observed in 192 countries , and coordinated by the nonprofit Earth Day Network , chaired by the first Earth Day 1970 organizer Denis Hayes , according to whom Earth Day is now `` the largest secular holiday in the world , celebrated by more than a billion people every year . '' Walt Kelly created an anti-pollution poster featuring his comic strip character Pogo with the quotation `` We have met the enemy and he is us '' to promote the 1970 Earth Day . Environmental groups have sought to make Earth Day into a day of action to change human behavior and provoke policy chan\n\nQuestion:\nwhen was earth day celebrated around the world\n"
},
{
"from": "agent",
"tok_len": null,
"value": "April 22"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"tok_len": 1819,
"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nQuestion:\nwhen was earth day celebrated around the world\n\nDocument:\nh Day </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan=\"2\"> Unofficial Earth Day Flag created by John McConnell . The Ecology Flag was also used . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Significance </Th> <Td> support for environmental protection </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Begins </Th> <Td> 1970 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Date </Th> <Td> April 22 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Next time </Th> <Td> 22 April 2019 ( 2019 - 04 - 22 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Frequency </Th> <Td> annual </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> Earth Day is an annual event celebrated on April 22 . Worldwide , various events are held to demonstrate support for environmental protection . First celebrated in 1970 , Earth Day events in more than 193 countries are now coordinated globally by the Earth Day Network . </P> <P> On Earth Day 2016 , the landmark Paris Agreement was signed by the United States , China , and some 120 other countries . This signing satisfied a key requirement for the entry into force of the historic draft climate protection treaty adopted by consensus of the 195 nations present at the 2015 United Nations Climate Change Conference in Paris . </P> <P> In 1969 at a UNESCO Conference in San Francisco , peace activist John McConnell proposed a day to honor the Earth and the concept of peace , to first be celebrated on March 21 , 1970 , the first day of spring in the northern hemisphere . This day of nature 's equipoise was later sanctioned in a proclamation written by McConnell and signed by Secretary General U Thant at the United Nations . A month later a separate Earth Day was founded by United States Senator Gaylord Nelson as an environmental teach - in first held on April 22 , 1970 . Nelson was later awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom award in recognition of his work . While this April 22 Earth Day was focused on the United States , an organization launched by Denis Hayes , who was the original national coordinator in 1970 , took it international in 1990 and organized events in 141 nations . </P> <P> Numerous communities celebrate Earth Week , an entire week of activities focused on the environmental issues that the world faces . In 2017 , the March for Science occurred on Earth Day ( April 22 , 2017 ) and was followed by the People 's Climate Mobilization ( April 29 , 2017 ) . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Santa Barbara Oil Blowout 1969 </Li> <Li> 2 Santa Barbara 's Environmental Rights Day 1970 </Li> <Li> 3 Earth Day 1970 <Ul> <Li> 3.1 New York City </Li> <Li> 3.2 Philadelphia </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 4 Earth Day 1990 </Li> <Li> 5 Earth Day 2000 </Li> <Li> 6 Subsequent Earth Day events </Li> <Li> 7 The Earth Day name </Li> <Li> 8 Earth Day Canada </Li> <Li> 9 History of the Equinox Earth Day ( March 20 ) </Li> <Li> 10 April 22 observances <Ul> <Li> 10.1 Growing eco-activism before Earth Day 1970 </Li> <Li> 10.2 Significance of April 22 </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 11 Earth Day songs </Li> <Li> 12 See also </Li> <Li> 13 References </Li> <Li> 14 External links </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Santa Barbara oil blowout 1969 </H2> Main article : 1969 Santa Barbara oil spill <P> On January 28 , 1969 , a well drilled by Union Oil Platform A off the coast of Santa Barbara , California , blew out . More than three million gallons of oil spewed , killing over 10,000 seabirds , dolphins , seals , and sea lions . As a reaction to this natural disaster , activists were mobilized to create environmental regulation , environmental education , and Earth Day . Among the proponents of Earth Day were the people in the front lines of fighting this disaster , Selma Rubin , Marc McGinnes , and Bud Bottoms , founder of Get Oil Out . According to Kate Wheeling , Denis Hayes told her that Senator Gaylord Nelson from Wisconsin saw the Santa Barbara Channel 800 square - mile oil slick from an airplane , which gave him the impetus to organize Earth Day . </P> <H2> Santa Barbara 's environmental Rights Day 1970 </H2> <P> On the first anniversary of the oil blowout , January 28 , 1970 , Environmental Rights Day is celebrated , where the Declaration of Environmental Rights is read . It had been written by Rod Nash during a boat trip across the Santa Barbara Channel while carrying a copy of Thomas Jefferson 's Declaration of Independence . The organizers of Environmental Rights Day , led by Marc McGinnes , had been working closely over a period of several months with Congressman Pete McCloskey ( R - CA ) to consult on the creation of the National Environmental Policy Act , the first of many new environmental protection laws sparked by the national outcry about the blowout / oil spill and on the Declaration of Environmental Rights . Both McCloskey ( Earth Day co-chair with Senator Gaylord Nelson ) and Earth Day organizer Denis Hayes , along with Senator Alan Cranston , Paul Ehrlich , David Brower and other prominent leaders , endorsed the Declaration and spoke about it at the Environmental Rights Day conference . According to Francis Sarguis , `` the conference was sort of like the baptism for the movement . '' Nash , Garrett Hardin , McGinnes and others went on to develop the first undergraduate Environmental Studies program of its kind at the University of California at Santa Barbara . </P> <H2> Earth Day 1970 </H2> President Richard Nixon and First Lady Pat Nixon plant a tree on the White House South Lawn to recognize the first Earth Day . <P> The first Earth Day celebrations took place in two thousand colleges and universities , roughly ten thousand primary and secondary schools , and hundreds of communities across the United States . More importantly , it `` brought 20 million Americans out into the spring sunshine for peaceful demonstrations in favor of environmental reform . '' It now is observed in 192 countries , and coordinated by the nonprofit Earth Day Network , chaired by the first Earth Day 1970 organizer Denis Hayes , according to whom Earth Day is now `` the largest secular holiday in the world , celebrated by more than a billion people every year . '' Walt Kelly created an anti-pollution poster featuring his comic strip character Pogo with the quotation `` We have met the enemy and he is us '' to promote the 1970 Earth Day . Environmental groups have sought to make Earth Day into a day of action to change human behavior and provoke policy chan\n"
},
{
"from": "agent",
"tok_len": null,
"value": "April 22"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"tok_len": 1830,
"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nDocument:\nEarth Day - wikipedia <H1> Earth Day </H1> Jump to : navigation , search Not to be confused with the electricity switch off called Earth Hour , celebrated in March . <Table> <Tr> <Th_colspan=\"2\"> Earth Day </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan=\"2\"> Unofficial Earth Day Flag created by John McConnell . The Ecology Flag was also used . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Significance </Th> <Td> support for environmental protection </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Begins </Th> <Td> 1970 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Date </Th> <Td> April 22 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Next time </Th> <Td> 22 April 2019 ( 2019 - 04 - 22 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Frequency </Th> <Td> annual </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> Earth Day is an annual event celebrated on April 22 . Worldwide , various events are held to demonstrate support for environmental protection . First celebrated in 1970 , Earth Day events in more than 193 countries are now coordinated globally by the Earth Day Network . </P> <P> On Earth Day 2016 , the landmark Paris Agreement was signed by the United States , China , and some 120 other countries . This signing satisfied a key requirement for the entry into force of the historic draft climate protection treaty adopted by consensus of the 195 nations present at the 2015 United Nations Climate Change Conference in Paris . </P> <P> In 1969 at a UNESCO Conference in San Francisco , peace activist John McConnell proposed a day to honor the Earth and the concept of peace , to first be celebrated on March 21 , 1970 , the first day of spring in the northern hemisphere . This day of nature 's equipoise was later sanctioned in a proclamation written by McConnell and signed by Secretary General U Thant at the United Nations . A month later a separate Earth Day was founded by United States Senator Gaylord Nelson as an environmental teach - in first held on April 22 , 1970 . Nelson was later awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom award in recognition of his work . While this April 22 Earth Day was focused on the United States , an organization launched by Denis Hayes , who was the original national coordinator in 1970 , took it international in 1990 and organized events in 141 nations . </P> <P> Numerous communities celebrate Earth Week , an entire week of activities focused on the environmental issues that the world faces . In 2017 , the March for Science occurred on Earth Day ( April 22 , 2017 ) and was followed by the People 's Climate Mobilization ( April 29 , 2017 ) . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Santa Barbara Oil Blowout 1969 </Li> <Li> 2 Santa Barbara 's Environmental Rights Day 1970 </Li> <Li> 3 Earth Day 1970 <Ul> <Li> 3.1 New York City </Li> <Li> 3.2 Philadelphia </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 4 Earth Day 1990 </Li> <Li> 5 Earth Day 2000 </Li> <Li> 6 Subsequent Earth Day events </Li> <Li> 7 The Earth Day name </Li> <Li> 8 Earth Day Canada </Li> <Li> 9 History of the Equinox Earth Day ( March 20 ) </Li> <Li> 10 April 22 observances <Ul> <Li> 10.1 Growing eco-activism before Earth Day 1970 </Li> <Li> 10.2 Significance of April 22 </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 11 Earth Day songs </Li> <Li> 12 See also </Li> <Li> 13 References </Li> <Li> 14 External links </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Santa Barbara oil blowout 1969 </H2> Main article : 1969 Santa Barbara oil spill <P> On January 28 , 1969 , a well drilled by Union Oil Platform A off the coast of Santa Barbara , California , blew out . More than three million gallons of oil spewed , killing over 10,000 seabirds , dolphins , seals , and sea lions . As a reaction to this natural disaster , activists were mobilized to create environmental regulation , environmental education , and Earth Day . Among the proponents of Earth Day were the people in the front lines of fighting this disaster , Selma Rubin , Marc McGinnes , and Bud Bottoms , founder of Get Oil Out . According to Kate Wheeling , Denis Hayes told her that Senator Gaylord Nelson from Wisconsin saw the Santa Barbara Channel 800 square - mile oil slick from an airplane , which gave him the impetus to organize Earth Day . </P> <H2> Santa Barbara 's environmental Rights Day 1970 </H2> <P> On the first anniversary of the oil blowout , January 28 , 1970 , Environmental Rights Day is celebrated , where the Declaration of Environmental Rights is read . It had been written by Rod Nash during a boat trip across the Santa Barbara Channel while carrying a copy of Thomas Jefferson 's Declaration of Independence . The organizers of Environmental Rights Day , led by Marc McGinnes , had been working closely over a period of several months with Congressman Pete McCloskey ( R - CA ) to consult on the creation of the National Environmental Policy Act , the first of many new environmental protection laws sparked by the national outcry about the blowout / oil spill and on the Declaration of Environmental Rights . Both McCloskey ( Earth Day co-chair with Senator Gaylord Nelson ) and Earth Day organizer Denis Hayes , along with Senator Alan Cranston , Paul Ehrlich , David Brower and other prominent leaders , endorsed the Declaration and spoke about it at the Environmental Rights Day conference . According to Francis Sarguis , `` the conference was sort of like the baptism for the movement . '' Nash , Garrett Hardin , McGinnes and others went on to develop the first undergraduate Environmental Studies program of its kind at the University of California at Santa Barbara . </P> <H2> Earth Day 1970 </H2> President Richard Nixon and First Lady Pat Nixon plant a tree on the White House South Lawn to recognize the first Earth Day . <P> The first Earth Day celebrations took place in two thousand colleges and universities , roughly ten thousand primary and secondary schools , and hundreds of communities across the United States . More importantly , it `` brought 20 million Americans out into the spring sunshine for peaceful demonstrations in favor of environmental reform . '' It now is observed in 192 countries , and coordinated by the nonprofit Earth Day Network , chaired by the first Earth Day 1970 organizer Denis Hayes , according to whom Earth Day is now `` the largest secular holiday in the world , celebrated by more than a billion people every year . '' Walt Kelly created an anti-pollution poster featuring his comic strip character Pogo with the quo\n\nQuestion:\nwhen was earth day celebrated around the world\n"
},
{
"from": "agent",
"tok_len": null,
"value": "April 22"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"tok_len": 1830,
"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nQuestion:\nwhen was earth day celebrated around the world\n\nDocument:\nEarth Day - wikipedia <H1> Earth Day </H1> Jump to : navigation , search Not to be confused with the electricity switch off called Earth Hour , celebrated in March . <Table> <Tr> <Th_colspan=\"2\"> Earth Day </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan=\"2\"> Unofficial Earth Day Flag created by John McConnell . The Ecology Flag was also used . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Significance </Th> <Td> support for environmental protection </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Begins </Th> <Td> 1970 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Date </Th> <Td> April 22 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Next time </Th> <Td> 22 April 2019 ( 2019 - 04 - 22 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Frequency </Th> <Td> annual </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> Earth Day is an annual event celebrated on April 22 . Worldwide , various events are held to demonstrate support for environmental protection . First celebrated in 1970 , Earth Day events in more than 193 countries are now coordinated globally by the Earth Day Network . </P> <P> On Earth Day 2016 , the landmark Paris Agreement was signed by the United States , China , and some 120 other countries . This signing satisfied a key requirement for the entry into force of the historic draft climate protection treaty adopted by consensus of the 195 nations present at the 2015 United Nations Climate Change Conference in Paris . </P> <P> In 1969 at a UNESCO Conference in San Francisco , peace activist John McConnell proposed a day to honor the Earth and the concept of peace , to first be celebrated on March 21 , 1970 , the first day of spring in the northern hemisphere . This day of nature 's equipoise was later sanctioned in a proclamation written by McConnell and signed by Secretary General U Thant at the United Nations . A month later a separate Earth Day was founded by United States Senator Gaylord Nelson as an environmental teach - in first held on April 22 , 1970 . Nelson was later awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom award in recognition of his work . While this April 22 Earth Day was focused on the United States , an organization launched by Denis Hayes , who was the original national coordinator in 1970 , took it international in 1990 and organized events in 141 nations . </P> <P> Numerous communities celebrate Earth Week , an entire week of activities focused on the environmental issues that the world faces . In 2017 , the March for Science occurred on Earth Day ( April 22 , 2017 ) and was followed by the People 's Climate Mobilization ( April 29 , 2017 ) . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Santa Barbara Oil Blowout 1969 </Li> <Li> 2 Santa Barbara 's Environmental Rights Day 1970 </Li> <Li> 3 Earth Day 1970 <Ul> <Li> 3.1 New York City </Li> <Li> 3.2 Philadelphia </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 4 Earth Day 1990 </Li> <Li> 5 Earth Day 2000 </Li> <Li> 6 Subsequent Earth Day events </Li> <Li> 7 The Earth Day name </Li> <Li> 8 Earth Day Canada </Li> <Li> 9 History of the Equinox Earth Day ( March 20 ) </Li> <Li> 10 April 22 observances <Ul> <Li> 10.1 Growing eco-activism before Earth Day 1970 </Li> <Li> 10.2 Significance of April 22 </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 11 Earth Day songs </Li> <Li> 12 See also </Li> <Li> 13 References </Li> <Li> 14 External links </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Santa Barbara oil blowout 1969 </H2> Main article : 1969 Santa Barbara oil spill <P> On January 28 , 1969 , a well drilled by Union Oil Platform A off the coast of Santa Barbara , California , blew out . More than three million gallons of oil spewed , killing over 10,000 seabirds , dolphins , seals , and sea lions . As a reaction to this natural disaster , activists were mobilized to create environmental regulation , environmental education , and Earth Day . Among the proponents of Earth Day were the people in the front lines of fighting this disaster , Selma Rubin , Marc McGinnes , and Bud Bottoms , founder of Get Oil Out . According to Kate Wheeling , Denis Hayes told her that Senator Gaylord Nelson from Wisconsin saw the Santa Barbara Channel 800 square - mile oil slick from an airplane , which gave him the impetus to organize Earth Day . </P> <H2> Santa Barbara 's environmental Rights Day 1970 </H2> <P> On the first anniversary of the oil blowout , January 28 , 1970 , Environmental Rights Day is celebrated , where the Declaration of Environmental Rights is read . It had been written by Rod Nash during a boat trip across the Santa Barbara Channel while carrying a copy of Thomas Jefferson 's Declaration of Independence . The organizers of Environmental Rights Day , led by Marc McGinnes , had been working closely over a period of several months with Congressman Pete McCloskey ( R - CA ) to consult on the creation of the National Environmental Policy Act , the first of many new environmental protection laws sparked by the national outcry about the blowout / oil spill and on the Declaration of Environmental Rights . Both McCloskey ( Earth Day co-chair with Senator Gaylord Nelson ) and Earth Day organizer Denis Hayes , along with Senator Alan Cranston , Paul Ehrlich , David Brower and other prominent leaders , endorsed the Declaration and spoke about it at the Environmental Rights Day conference . According to Francis Sarguis , `` the conference was sort of like the baptism for the movement . '' Nash , Garrett Hardin , McGinnes and others went on to develop the first undergraduate Environmental Studies program of its kind at the University of California at Santa Barbara . </P> <H2> Earth Day 1970 </H2> President Richard Nixon and First Lady Pat Nixon plant a tree on the White House South Lawn to recognize the first Earth Day . <P> The first Earth Day celebrations took place in two thousand colleges and universities , roughly ten thousand primary and secondary schools , and hundreds of communities across the United States . More importantly , it `` brought 20 million Americans out into the spring sunshine for peaceful demonstrations in favor of environmental reform . '' It now is observed in 192 countries , and coordinated by the nonprofit Earth Day Network , chaired by the first Earth Day 1970 organizer Denis Hayes , according to whom Earth Day is now `` the largest secular holiday in the world , celebrated by more than a billion people every year . '' Walt Kelly created an anti-pollution poster featuring his comic strip character Pogo with the quo\n"
},
{
"from": "agent",
"tok_len": null,
"value": "April 22"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"tok_len": 1830,
"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nDocument:\nEarth Day - wikipedia <H1> Earth Day </H1> Jump to : navigation , search Not to be confused with the electricity switch off called Earth Hour , celebrated in March . <Table> <Tr> <Th_colspan=\"2\"> Earth Day </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan=\"2\"> Unofficial Earth Day Flag created by John McConnell . The Ecology Flag was also used . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Significance </Th> <Td> support for environmental protection </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Begins </Th> <Td> 1970 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Date </Th> <Td> April 22 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Next time </Th> <Td> 22 April 2019 ( 2019 - 04 - 22 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Frequency </Th> <Td> annual </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> Earth Day is an annual event celebrated on April 22 . Worldwide , various events are held to demonstrate support for environmental protection . First celebrated in 1970 , Earth Day events in more than 193 countries are now coordinated globally by the Earth Day Network . </P> <P> On Earth Day 2016 , the landmark Paris Agreement was signed by the United States , China , and some 120 other countries . This signing satisfied a key requirement for the entry into force of the historic draft climate protection treaty adopted by consensus of the 195 nations present at the 2015 United Nations Climate Change Conference in Paris . </P> <P> In 1969 at a UNESCO Conference in San Francisco , peace activist John McConnell proposed a day to honor the Earth and the concept of peace , to first be celebrated on March 21 , 1970 , the first day of spring in the northern hemisphere . This day of nature 's equipoise was later sanctioned in a proclamation written by McConnell and signed by Secretary General U Thant at the United Nations . A month later a separate Earth Day was founded by United States Senator Gaylord Nelson as an environmental teach - in first held on April 22 , 1970 . Nelson was later awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom award in recognition of his work . While this April 22 Earth Day was focused on the United States , an organization launched by Denis Hayes , who was the original national coordinator in 1970 , took it international in 1990 and organized events in 141 nations . </P> <P> Numerous communities celebrate Earth Week , an entire week of activities focused on the environmental issues that the world faces . In 2017 , the March for Science occurred on Earth Day ( April 22 , 2017 ) and was followed by the People 's Climate Mobilization ( April 29 , 2017 ) . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Santa Barbara Oil Blowout 1969 </Li> <Li> 2 Santa Barbara 's Environmental Rights Day 1970 </Li> <Li> 3 Earth Day 1970 <Ul> <Li> 3.1 New York City </Li> <Li> 3.2 Philadelphia </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 4 Earth Day 1990 </Li> <Li> 5 Earth Day 2000 </Li> <Li> 6 Subsequent Earth Day events </Li> <Li> 7 The Earth Day name </Li> <Li> 8 Earth Day Canada </Li> <Li> 9 History of the Equinox Earth Day ( March 20 ) </Li> <Li> 10 April 22 observances <Ul> <Li> 10.1 Growing eco-activism before Earth Day 1970 </Li> <Li> 10.2 Significance of April 22 </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 11 Earth Day songs </Li> <Li> 12 See also </Li> <Li> 13 References </Li> <Li> 14 External links </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Santa Barbara oil blowout 1969 </H2> Main article : 1969 Santa Barbara oil spill <P> On January 28 , 1969 , a well drilled by Union Oil Platform A off the coast of Santa Barbara , California , blew out . More than three million gallons of oil spewed , killing over 10,000 seabirds , dolphins , seals , and sea lions . As a reaction to this natural disaster , activists were mobilized to create environmental regulation , environmental education , and Earth Day . Among the proponents of Earth Day were the people in the front lines of fighting this disaster , Selma Rubin , Marc McGinnes , and Bud Bottoms , founder of Get Oil Out . According to Kate Wheeling , Denis Hayes told her that Senator Gaylord Nelson from Wisconsin saw the Santa Barbara Channel 800 square - mile oil slick from an airplane , which gave him the impetus to organize Earth Day . </P> <H2> Santa Barbara 's environmental Rights Day 1970 </H2> <P> On the first anniversary of the oil blowout , January 28 , 1970 , Environmental Rights Day is celebrated , where the Declaration of Environmental Rights is read . It had been written by Rod Nash during a boat trip across the Santa Barbara Channel while carrying a copy of Thomas Jefferson 's Declaration of Independence . The organizers of Environmental Rights Day , led by Marc McGinnes , had been working closely over a period of several months with Congressman Pete McCloskey ( R - CA ) to consult on the creation of the National Environmental Policy Act , the first of many new environmental protection laws sparked by the national outcry about the blowout / oil spill and on the Declaration of Environmental Rights . Both McCloskey ( Earth Day co-chair with Senator Gaylord Nelson ) and Earth Day organizer Denis Hayes , along with Senator Alan Cranston , Paul Ehrlich , David Brower and other prominent leaders , endorsed the Declaration and spoke about it at the Environmental Rights Day conference . According to Francis Sarguis , `` the conference was sort of like the baptism for the movement . '' Nash , Garrett Hardin , McGinnes and others went on to develop the first undergraduate Environmental Studies program of its kind at the University of California at Santa Barbara . </P> <H2> Earth Day 1970 </H2> President Richard Nixon and First Lady Pat Nixon plant a tree on the White House South Lawn to recognize the first Earth Day . <P> The first Earth Day celebrations took place in two thousand colleges and universities , roughly ten thousand primary and secondary schools , and hundreds of communities across the United States . More importantly , it `` brought 20 million Americans out into the spring sunshine for peaceful demonstrations in favor of environmental reform . '' It now is observed in 192 countries , and coordinated by the nonprofit Earth Day Network , chaired by the first Earth Day 1970 organizer Denis Hayes , according to whom Earth Day is now `` the largest secular holiday in the world , celebrated by more than a billion people every year . '' Walt Kelly created an anti-pollution poster featuring his comic strip character Pogo with the quo\n\nQuestion:\nwhen was earth day celebrated around the world\n"
},
{
"from": "agent",
"tok_len": null,
"value": "April 22"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"tok_len": 1830,
"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nQuestion:\nwhen was earth day celebrated around the world\n\nDocument:\nEarth Day - wikipedia <H1> Earth Day </H1> Jump to : navigation , search Not to be confused with the electricity switch off called Earth Hour , celebrated in March . <Table> <Tr> <Th_colspan=\"2\"> Earth Day </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan=\"2\"> Unofficial Earth Day Flag created by John McConnell . The Ecology Flag was also used . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Significance </Th> <Td> support for environmental protection </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Begins </Th> <Td> 1970 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Date </Th> <Td> April 22 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Next time </Th> <Td> 22 April 2019 ( 2019 - 04 - 22 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Frequency </Th> <Td> annual </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> Earth Day is an annual event celebrated on April 22 . Worldwide , various events are held to demonstrate support for environmental protection . First celebrated in 1970 , Earth Day events in more than 193 countries are now coordinated globally by the Earth Day Network . </P> <P> On Earth Day 2016 , the landmark Paris Agreement was signed by the United States , China , and some 120 other countries . This signing satisfied a key requirement for the entry into force of the historic draft climate protection treaty adopted by consensus of the 195 nations present at the 2015 United Nations Climate Change Conference in Paris . </P> <P> In 1969 at a UNESCO Conference in San Francisco , peace activist John McConnell proposed a day to honor the Earth and the concept of peace , to first be celebrated on March 21 , 1970 , the first day of spring in the northern hemisphere . This day of nature 's equipoise was later sanctioned in a proclamation written by McConnell and signed by Secretary General U Thant at the United Nations . A month later a separate Earth Day was founded by United States Senator Gaylord Nelson as an environmental teach - in first held on April 22 , 1970 . Nelson was later awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom award in recognition of his work . While this April 22 Earth Day was focused on the United States , an organization launched by Denis Hayes , who was the original national coordinator in 1970 , took it international in 1990 and organized events in 141 nations . </P> <P> Numerous communities celebrate Earth Week , an entire week of activities focused on the environmental issues that the world faces . In 2017 , the March for Science occurred on Earth Day ( April 22 , 2017 ) and was followed by the People 's Climate Mobilization ( April 29 , 2017 ) . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Santa Barbara Oil Blowout 1969 </Li> <Li> 2 Santa Barbara 's Environmental Rights Day 1970 </Li> <Li> 3 Earth Day 1970 <Ul> <Li> 3.1 New York City </Li> <Li> 3.2 Philadelphia </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 4 Earth Day 1990 </Li> <Li> 5 Earth Day 2000 </Li> <Li> 6 Subsequent Earth Day events </Li> <Li> 7 The Earth Day name </Li> <Li> 8 Earth Day Canada </Li> <Li> 9 History of the Equinox Earth Day ( March 20 ) </Li> <Li> 10 April 22 observances <Ul> <Li> 10.1 Growing eco-activism before Earth Day 1970 </Li> <Li> 10.2 Significance of April 22 </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 11 Earth Day songs </Li> <Li> 12 See also </Li> <Li> 13 References </Li> <Li> 14 External links </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Santa Barbara oil blowout 1969 </H2> Main article : 1969 Santa Barbara oil spill <P> On January 28 , 1969 , a well drilled by Union Oil Platform A off the coast of Santa Barbara , California , blew out . More than three million gallons of oil spewed , killing over 10,000 seabirds , dolphins , seals , and sea lions . As a reaction to this natural disaster , activists were mobilized to create environmental regulation , environmental education , and Earth Day . Among the proponents of Earth Day were the people in the front lines of fighting this disaster , Selma Rubin , Marc McGinnes , and Bud Bottoms , founder of Get Oil Out . According to Kate Wheeling , Denis Hayes told her that Senator Gaylord Nelson from Wisconsin saw the Santa Barbara Channel 800 square - mile oil slick from an airplane , which gave him the impetus to organize Earth Day . </P> <H2> Santa Barbara 's environmental Rights Day 1970 </H2> <P> On the first anniversary of the oil blowout , January 28 , 1970 , Environmental Rights Day is celebrated , where the Declaration of Environmental Rights is read . It had been written by Rod Nash during a boat trip across the Santa Barbara Channel while carrying a copy of Thomas Jefferson 's Declaration of Independence . The organizers of Environmental Rights Day , led by Marc McGinnes , had been working closely over a period of several months with Congressman Pete McCloskey ( R - CA ) to consult on the creation of the National Environmental Policy Act , the first of many new environmental protection laws sparked by the national outcry about the blowout / oil spill and on the Declaration of Environmental Rights . Both McCloskey ( Earth Day co-chair with Senator Gaylord Nelson ) and Earth Day organizer Denis Hayes , along with Senator Alan Cranston , Paul Ehrlich , David Brower and other prominent leaders , endorsed the Declaration and spoke about it at the Environmental Rights Day conference . According to Francis Sarguis , `` the conference was sort of like the baptism for the movement . '' Nash , Garrett Hardin , McGinnes and others went on to develop the first undergraduate Environmental Studies program of its kind at the University of California at Santa Barbara . </P> <H2> Earth Day 1970 </H2> President Richard Nixon and First Lady Pat Nixon plant a tree on the White House South Lawn to recognize the first Earth Day . <P> The first Earth Day celebrations took place in two thousand colleges and universities , roughly ten thousand primary and secondary schools , and hundreds of communities across the United States . More importantly , it `` brought 20 million Americans out into the spring sunshine for peaceful demonstrations in favor of environmental reform . '' It now is observed in 192 countries , and coordinated by the nonprofit Earth Day Network , chaired by the first Earth Day 1970 organizer Denis Hayes , according to whom Earth Day is now `` the largest secular holiday in the world , celebrated by more than a billion people every year . '' Walt Kelly created an anti-pollution poster featuring his comic strip character Pogo with the quo\n"
},
{
"from": "agent",
"tok_len": null,
"value": "April 22"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"tok_len": 1552,
"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nDocument:\nul , published writer , walks outside and drives away with his son and his son 's friend to take them swimming . </P> <H2> Cast ( edit ) </H2> <Ul> <Li> Wil Wheaton as Gordie Lachance ( aged 12 ) <Ul> <Li> Richard Dreyfuss as Gordie Lachance ( adult ; credited as `` The Writer '' ) </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> River Phoenix as Chris Chambers </Li> <Li> Corey Feldman as Teddy Duchamp </Li> <Li> Jerry O'Connell as Vern Tessio </Li> <Li> Kiefer Sutherland as John `` Ace '' Merrill , gang leader </Li> <Li> Casey Siemaszko as Billy Tessio , gang member </Li> <Li> John Cusack as Denny Lachance </Li> <Li> Marshall Bell as Mr. Lachance </Li> <Li> Frances Lee McCain as Mrs. Lachance </Li> <Li> Gary Riley as Charlie Hogan , gang member </Li> <Li> Bradley Gregg as Richard `` Eyeball '' Chambers , gang member </Li> <Li> Jason Oliver as Vince Desjardins , gang member </Li> <Li> Bruce Kirby as Mr. Quidacioluo , store owner </Li> <Li> William Bronder as Milo Pressman , junkyard owner </Li> <Li> Scott Beach as Mayor Grundy </Li> <Li> Andy Lindberg as Davie `` Lard - Ass '' Hogan </Li> </Ul> <H2> Production ( edit ) </H2> <P> Bruce A. Evans sent a copy of Stephen King 's novella The Body to Karen Gideon , the wife of his friend and writing partner Raynold Gideon on August 29 , 1983 as a gift for her birthday . Both Gideon and Evans quickly became fans of the novella and shortly thereafter contacted King 's agent , Kirby McCauley , seeking to negotiate film rights ; McCauley replied that King 's terms were $100,000 and 10 % of the gross profits . Although the money was not an issue , the share of gross profits was considered excessive , especially considering that no stars could be featured to help sell the movie . In response , Evans and Gideon pursued an established director , Adrian Lyne , to help sell the project . </P> <P> After reading the novella , Lyne teamed up with Evans and Gideon , but all the studios the trio approached turned the project down except for Martin Shafer at Embassy Pictures . Embassy spent four months negotiating the rights with McCauley , settling on $50,000 and a smaller share of the profits , and Evans and Gideon spent eight weeks writing the screenplay . Evans and Gideon asked to also produce the film , but Shafer suggested they team up with Andy Scheinman , a more experienced producer . Embassy was unwilling to meet Lyne 's salary for directing the film until Evans and Gideon agreed to give up half of their share of profits to meet Lyne 's asking price . </P> <P> Reiner later recalled that Lyne was going to direct the film , but had promised himself a vacation following the production of 91⁄2 Weeks , and would not be available to start production until the spring of 1986 . Reiner , better known at the time as the actor who had played ' Meathead ' Stivic in All in the Family , was sent the script by Scheinman , and his initial reaction was the script had promise but `` no focus '' . After Lyne withdrew from the project , Reiner signed on to direct in September 1984 . Reiner realized the story should focus on Gordie , as `` his father always paid more attention to his older brother '' and he identified with that , as he struggled with the shadow of fame cast by his comedian father , Carl Reiner . The writers incorporated Reiner 's suggestions , producing a new script by December 1984 for Embassy 's review and approval . </P> <P> Days before shooting started in the summer of 1985 , Embassy was sold to Columbia Pictures , who made plans to cancel the production . Norman Lear , one of the co-owners of Embassy , gave $7.5 million of his own money to complete the film , citing his faith in Reiner and the script . However , since Embassy also would have distributed the film , once the film was completed it had no distributor . The producers showed a print to Michael Ovitz , head of the powerful Creative Artists Agency , and Ovitz promised to help them find a distributor . Paramount , Universal Pictures , and Warner Bros. all passed on the film ; Columbia Pictures production head Guy McElwaine screened the film at his house because he was feeling ill , and the positive reaction of his daughters convinced him to distribute the film . </P> <H3> Casting ( edit ) </H3> <P> In a 2011 interview with NPR , Wil Wheaton attributed the film 's success to the director 's casting choices : </P> <P> Rob Reiner found four young boys who basically were the characters we played . I was awkward and nerdy and shy and uncomfortable in my own skin and really , really sensitive , and River was cool and really smart and passionate and even at that age kind of like a father figure to some of us , Jerry was one of the funniest people I had ever seen in my life , either before or since , and Corey was unbelievably angry and in an incredible amount of pain and had an absolutely terrible relationship with his parents . </P> <P> Feldman recalled how his home life translated into his onscreen character : `` ( Most kids are n't ) thinking they 're going to get hit by their parents because they 're not doing well enough in school , which will prevent them from getting a work permit , which will prevent them from being an actor . '' O'Connell agreed that he was cast based on how his personality fit the role , saying `` Rob really wanted us to understand our characters . He interviewed our characters . ( ... ) I tried to stay like Vern and say the stupid things Vern would . I think I was Vern that summer . '' Reiner and the producers interviewed more than 70 boys for the four main roles , out of more than 300 who auditioned ; Phoenix originally read for the part of Gordie Lacha\n\nQuestion:\nwho does wil wheaton play in stand by me\n"
},
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"value": "Gordie Lachance"
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[
{
"from": "human",
"tok_len": 1552,
"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nQuestion:\nwho does wil wheaton play in stand by me\n\nDocument:\nul , published writer , walks outside and drives away with his son and his son 's friend to take them swimming . </P> <H2> Cast ( edit ) </H2> <Ul> <Li> Wil Wheaton as Gordie Lachance ( aged 12 ) <Ul> <Li> Richard Dreyfuss as Gordie Lachance ( adult ; credited as `` The Writer '' ) </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> River Phoenix as Chris Chambers </Li> <Li> Corey Feldman as Teddy Duchamp </Li> <Li> Jerry O'Connell as Vern Tessio </Li> <Li> Kiefer Sutherland as John `` Ace '' Merrill , gang leader </Li> <Li> Casey Siemaszko as Billy Tessio , gang member </Li> <Li> John Cusack as Denny Lachance </Li> <Li> Marshall Bell as Mr. Lachance </Li> <Li> Frances Lee McCain as Mrs. Lachance </Li> <Li> Gary Riley as Charlie Hogan , gang member </Li> <Li> Bradley Gregg as Richard `` Eyeball '' Chambers , gang member </Li> <Li> Jason Oliver as Vince Desjardins , gang member </Li> <Li> Bruce Kirby as Mr. Quidacioluo , store owner </Li> <Li> William Bronder as Milo Pressman , junkyard owner </Li> <Li> Scott Beach as Mayor Grundy </Li> <Li> Andy Lindberg as Davie `` Lard - Ass '' Hogan </Li> </Ul> <H2> Production ( edit ) </H2> <P> Bruce A. Evans sent a copy of Stephen King 's novella The Body to Karen Gideon , the wife of his friend and writing partner Raynold Gideon on August 29 , 1983 as a gift for her birthday . Both Gideon and Evans quickly became fans of the novella and shortly thereafter contacted King 's agent , Kirby McCauley , seeking to negotiate film rights ; McCauley replied that King 's terms were $100,000 and 10 % of the gross profits . Although the money was not an issue , the share of gross profits was considered excessive , especially considering that no stars could be featured to help sell the movie . In response , Evans and Gideon pursued an established director , Adrian Lyne , to help sell the project . </P> <P> After reading the novella , Lyne teamed up with Evans and Gideon , but all the studios the trio approached turned the project down except for Martin Shafer at Embassy Pictures . Embassy spent four months negotiating the rights with McCauley , settling on $50,000 and a smaller share of the profits , and Evans and Gideon spent eight weeks writing the screenplay . Evans and Gideon asked to also produce the film , but Shafer suggested they team up with Andy Scheinman , a more experienced producer . Embassy was unwilling to meet Lyne 's salary for directing the film until Evans and Gideon agreed to give up half of their share of profits to meet Lyne 's asking price . </P> <P> Reiner later recalled that Lyne was going to direct the film , but had promised himself a vacation following the production of 91⁄2 Weeks , and would not be available to start production until the spring of 1986 . Reiner , better known at the time as the actor who had played ' Meathead ' Stivic in All in the Family , was sent the script by Scheinman , and his initial reaction was the script had promise but `` no focus '' . After Lyne withdrew from the project , Reiner signed on to direct in September 1984 . Reiner realized the story should focus on Gordie , as `` his father always paid more attention to his older brother '' and he identified with that , as he struggled with the shadow of fame cast by his comedian father , Carl Reiner . The writers incorporated Reiner 's suggestions , producing a new script by December 1984 for Embassy 's review and approval . </P> <P> Days before shooting started in the summer of 1985 , Embassy was sold to Columbia Pictures , who made plans to cancel the production . Norman Lear , one of the co-owners of Embassy , gave $7.5 million of his own money to complete the film , citing his faith in Reiner and the script . However , since Embassy also would have distributed the film , once the film was completed it had no distributor . The producers showed a print to Michael Ovitz , head of the powerful Creative Artists Agency , and Ovitz promised to help them find a distributor . Paramount , Universal Pictures , and Warner Bros. all passed on the film ; Columbia Pictures production head Guy McElwaine screened the film at his house because he was feeling ill , and the positive reaction of his daughters convinced him to distribute the film . </P> <H3> Casting ( edit ) </H3> <P> In a 2011 interview with NPR , Wil Wheaton attributed the film 's success to the director 's casting choices : </P> <P> Rob Reiner found four young boys who basically were the characters we played . I was awkward and nerdy and shy and uncomfortable in my own skin and really , really sensitive , and River was cool and really smart and passionate and even at that age kind of like a father figure to some of us , Jerry was one of the funniest people I had ever seen in my life , either before or since , and Corey was unbelievably angry and in an incredible amount of pain and had an absolutely terrible relationship with his parents . </P> <P> Feldman recalled how his home life translated into his onscreen character : `` ( Most kids are n't ) thinking they 're going to get hit by their parents because they 're not doing well enough in school , which will prevent them from getting a work permit , which will prevent them from being an actor . '' O'Connell agreed that he was cast based on how his personality fit the role , saying `` Rob really wanted us to understand our characters . He interviewed our characters . ( ... ) I tried to stay like Vern and say the stupid things Vern would . I think I was Vern that summer . '' Reiner and the producers interviewed more than 70 boys for the four main roles , out of more than 300 who auditioned ; Phoenix originally read for the part of Gordie Lacha\n"
},
{
"from": "agent",
"tok_len": null,
"value": "Gordie Lachance"
}
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[
{
"from": "human",
"tok_len": 1803,
"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nDocument:\nRunning time </Th> <Td> 89 minutes </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Country </Th> <Td> United States </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Language </Th> <Td> English </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Budget </Th> <Td> $8 million </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Box office </Th> <Td> $52.3 million </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> Stand by Me is a 1986 American coming - of - age comedy - drama film directed by Rob Reiner and starring Wil Wheaton , River Phoenix , Corey Feldman , and Jerry O'Connell . The film , whose plot is based on Stephen King 's novella The Body ( 1982 ) and title is derived from Ben E. King 's eponymous song , which plays over the ending credits , tells the story of four boys in a small town in Oregon who go on a hike to find the dead body of a missing child . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Plot </Li> <Li> 2 Cast </Li> <Li> 3 Production <Ul> <Li> 3.1 Casting </Li> <Li> 3.2 Locations </Li> <Li> 3.3 Title </Li> <Li> 3.4 Music </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 4 Reception <Ul> <Li> 4.1 Box office </Li> <Li> 4.2 Critical response </Li> <Li> 4.3 Accolades <Ul> <Li> 4.3. 1 Nominations </Li> <Li> 4.3. 2 Wins </Li> </Ul> </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 5 Legacy <Ul> <Li> 5.1 Events and tourism </Li> <Li> 5.2 Production company </Li> <Li> 5.3 Movies </Li> <Li> 5.4 Music </Li> <Li> 5.5 Television </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 6 References </Li> <Li> 7 External links <Ul> <Li> 7.1 Reviews </Li> </Ul> </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Plot ( edit ) </H2> <P> Author Gordie Lachance reads in the newspaper that his childhood friend Chris Chambers has been stabbed to death . Gordie narrates a flashback ( later revealed to be Gordie writing ) to a childhood incident when he and three buddies undertook a journey to find the body of a missing boy near the town of Castle Rock , Oregon , over Labor Day weekend in 1959 . </P> <P> Young Gordie is a quiet , bookish boy who likes to tell stories . His parents , grieving the recent death of Gordie 's older brother Denny , neglect their younger son . Gordie 's friends are Chris , who comes from a family of drunks and criminals ; Teddy Duchamp , a joker who was burned and physically scarred by his mentally ill father ; and Vern Tessio , who is overweight and timid . </P> <P> Vern overhears his older brother Billy and his friend Charlie Hogan discussing Ray Brower , a young boy who is missing and presumed dead . Gordie , Chris , Teddy , and Vern decide to find Ray 's body , hoping to become local heroes . Chris steals his father 's M1911 pistol , and the boys set out , stopping at the town 's junkyard to drink from its water pump . The boys hang out in the junkyard for a while , while Gordie leaves to buy food for the journey . When Gordie returns , he sees his friends jumping the fence to escape Milo Pressman , the junkman , and his dog Chopper . Gordie escapes as well . Pressman , infuriated , threatens to call the boys ' parents and calls Teddy 's father a `` loony '' ; an enraged Teddy attempts to attack Pressman , but the boys restrain him and they leave . </P> <P> At nighttime , Gordie tells the other boys a story of Davie `` Lard - Ass '' Hogan , an overweight boy who is constantly teased and bullied . Hogan enters a pie - eating contest , but his goal was not to win , but to exact revenge . Prior to the contest , Hogan consumed a full bottle of castor oil and a raw egg . After eating several pies and briefly dominating the contest , Hogan vomits , inducing the vomiting of the contestants and crowd members , humiliating and embarrassing his tormentors . </P> <P> After a series of misadventures and self - revelations , the boys locate the body . However , local hoodlum `` Ace '' Merrill and his gang , including Chris ' older brother `` Eyeball '' Chambers , arrive to claim the body and the credit for finding it . When Chris refuses to allow this , Ace draws a switchblade with intent to kill him , but Gordie intervenes with the pistol Chris had stolen . Ace and his gang leave and Ace vows revenge . </P> <P> The boys agree to report the body via an anonymous phone call to the authorities and hike back to Castle Rock and bid each other farewell until they see each other in a few days , in the local junior high school . </P> <P> The present - day Gordie writes that while he and Chris remained friends , they drifted apart from Teddy and Vern shortly after that day . Gordie notes how everyone 's life turned out : Vern married immediately after high school , has four children , and drives a forklift at a local lumberyard . Teddy tried enlisting in the Army but was turned down because of bad eyesight and an ear injury ; he later served time in prison and now does odd jobs around town . Chris went to college and became a lawyer ; when attempting to break up a fight in a fast - food restaurant , he was stabbed to death . </P> <P> After finishing the story , adult Gordie , a successful , published writer , walks outside and drives away with his son and his son 's friend to take them swimming . </P> <H2> Cast ( edit ) </H2> <Ul> <Li> Wil Wheaton as Gordie Lachance ( aged 12 ) <Ul> <Li> Richard Dreyfuss as Gordie Lachance ( adult ; credited as `` The Writer '' ) </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> River Phoenix as Chris Chambers </Li> <Li> Corey Feldman as Teddy Duchamp </Li> <Li> Jerry O'Connell as Vern Tessio </Li> <Li> Kiefer Sutherland as John `` Ace '' Merrill , gang leader </Li> <Li> Casey Siemaszko as Billy Tessio , gang member </Li> <Li> John Cusack as Denny Lachance </Li> <Li> Marshall Bell as Mr. Lachance </Li> <Li> Frances Lee McCain as Mrs. Lachance </Li> <Li> Gary Riley as Charlie Hogan , gang member </Li> <Li> Bradley Gregg as Richard `` Eyeball '' Chambers , gang member </Li\n\nQuestion:\nwho does wil wheaton play in stand by me\n"
},
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"tok_len": null,
"value": "Gordie Lachance"
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[
{
"from": "human",
"tok_len": 1803,
"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nQuestion:\nwho does wil wheaton play in stand by me\n\nDocument:\nRunning time </Th> <Td> 89 minutes </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Country </Th> <Td> United States </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Language </Th> <Td> English </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Budget </Th> <Td> $8 million </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Box office </Th> <Td> $52.3 million </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> Stand by Me is a 1986 American coming - of - age comedy - drama film directed by Rob Reiner and starring Wil Wheaton , River Phoenix , Corey Feldman , and Jerry O'Connell . The film , whose plot is based on Stephen King 's novella The Body ( 1982 ) and title is derived from Ben E. King 's eponymous song , which plays over the ending credits , tells the story of four boys in a small town in Oregon who go on a hike to find the dead body of a missing child . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Plot </Li> <Li> 2 Cast </Li> <Li> 3 Production <Ul> <Li> 3.1 Casting </Li> <Li> 3.2 Locations </Li> <Li> 3.3 Title </Li> <Li> 3.4 Music </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 4 Reception <Ul> <Li> 4.1 Box office </Li> <Li> 4.2 Critical response </Li> <Li> 4.3 Accolades <Ul> <Li> 4.3. 1 Nominations </Li> <Li> 4.3. 2 Wins </Li> </Ul> </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 5 Legacy <Ul> <Li> 5.1 Events and tourism </Li> <Li> 5.2 Production company </Li> <Li> 5.3 Movies </Li> <Li> 5.4 Music </Li> <Li> 5.5 Television </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 6 References </Li> <Li> 7 External links <Ul> <Li> 7.1 Reviews </Li> </Ul> </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Plot ( edit ) </H2> <P> Author Gordie Lachance reads in the newspaper that his childhood friend Chris Chambers has been stabbed to death . Gordie narrates a flashback ( later revealed to be Gordie writing ) to a childhood incident when he and three buddies undertook a journey to find the body of a missing boy near the town of Castle Rock , Oregon , over Labor Day weekend in 1959 . </P> <P> Young Gordie is a quiet , bookish boy who likes to tell stories . His parents , grieving the recent death of Gordie 's older brother Denny , neglect their younger son . Gordie 's friends are Chris , who comes from a family of drunks and criminals ; Teddy Duchamp , a joker who was burned and physically scarred by his mentally ill father ; and Vern Tessio , who is overweight and timid . </P> <P> Vern overhears his older brother Billy and his friend Charlie Hogan discussing Ray Brower , a young boy who is missing and presumed dead . Gordie , Chris , Teddy , and Vern decide to find Ray 's body , hoping to become local heroes . Chris steals his father 's M1911 pistol , and the boys set out , stopping at the town 's junkyard to drink from its water pump . The boys hang out in the junkyard for a while , while Gordie leaves to buy food for the journey . When Gordie returns , he sees his friends jumping the fence to escape Milo Pressman , the junkman , and his dog Chopper . Gordie escapes as well . Pressman , infuriated , threatens to call the boys ' parents and calls Teddy 's father a `` loony '' ; an enraged Teddy attempts to attack Pressman , but the boys restrain him and they leave . </P> <P> At nighttime , Gordie tells the other boys a story of Davie `` Lard - Ass '' Hogan , an overweight boy who is constantly teased and bullied . Hogan enters a pie - eating contest , but his goal was not to win , but to exact revenge . Prior to the contest , Hogan consumed a full bottle of castor oil and a raw egg . After eating several pies and briefly dominating the contest , Hogan vomits , inducing the vomiting of the contestants and crowd members , humiliating and embarrassing his tormentors . </P> <P> After a series of misadventures and self - revelations , the boys locate the body . However , local hoodlum `` Ace '' Merrill and his gang , including Chris ' older brother `` Eyeball '' Chambers , arrive to claim the body and the credit for finding it . When Chris refuses to allow this , Ace draws a switchblade with intent to kill him , but Gordie intervenes with the pistol Chris had stolen . Ace and his gang leave and Ace vows revenge . </P> <P> The boys agree to report the body via an anonymous phone call to the authorities and hike back to Castle Rock and bid each other farewell until they see each other in a few days , in the local junior high school . </P> <P> The present - day Gordie writes that while he and Chris remained friends , they drifted apart from Teddy and Vern shortly after that day . Gordie notes how everyone 's life turned out : Vern married immediately after high school , has four children , and drives a forklift at a local lumberyard . Teddy tried enlisting in the Army but was turned down because of bad eyesight and an ear injury ; he later served time in prison and now does odd jobs around town . Chris went to college and became a lawyer ; when attempting to break up a fight in a fast - food restaurant , he was stabbed to death . </P> <P> After finishing the story , adult Gordie , a successful , published writer , walks outside and drives away with his son and his son 's friend to take them swimming . </P> <H2> Cast ( edit ) </H2> <Ul> <Li> Wil Wheaton as Gordie Lachance ( aged 12 ) <Ul> <Li> Richard Dreyfuss as Gordie Lachance ( adult ; credited as `` The Writer '' ) </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> River Phoenix as Chris Chambers </Li> <Li> Corey Feldman as Teddy Duchamp </Li> <Li> Jerry O'Connell as Vern Tessio </Li> <Li> Kiefer Sutherland as John `` Ace '' Merrill , gang leader </Li> <Li> Casey Siemaszko as Billy Tessio , gang member </Li> <Li> John Cusack as Denny Lachance </Li> <Li> Marshall Bell as Mr. Lachance </Li> <Li> Frances Lee McCain as Mrs. Lachance </Li> <Li> Gary Riley as Charlie Hogan , gang member </Li> <Li> Bradley Gregg as Richard `` Eyeball '' Chambers , gang member </Li\n"
},
{
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"tok_len": null,
"value": "Gordie Lachance"
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[
{
"from": "human",
"tok_len": 1856,
"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nDocument:\nRuth </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Edited by </Th> <Td> Robert Leighton </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Production company </Th> <Td> Act III Productions </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Distributed by </Th> <Td> Columbia Pictures </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Release date </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> August 8 , 1986 ( 1986 - 08 - 08 ) </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Running time </Th> <Td> 89 minutes </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Country </Th> <Td> United States </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Language </Th> <Td> English </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Budget </Th> <Td> $8 million </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Box office </Th> <Td> $52.3 million </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> Stand by Me is a 1986 American coming - of - age comedy - drama film directed by Rob Reiner and starring Wil Wheaton , River Phoenix , Corey Feldman , and Jerry O'Connell . The film , whose plot is based on Stephen King 's novella The Body ( 1982 ) and title is derived from Ben E. King 's eponymous song , which plays over the ending credits , tells the story of four boys in a small town in Oregon who go on a hike to find the dead body of a missing child . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Plot </Li> <Li> 2 Cast </Li> <Li> 3 Production <Ul> <Li> 3.1 Casting </Li> <Li> 3.2 Locations </Li> <Li> 3.3 Title </Li> <Li> 3.4 Music </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 4 Reception <Ul> <Li> 4.1 Box office </Li> <Li> 4.2 Critical response </Li> <Li> 4.3 Accolades <Ul> <Li> 4.3. 1 Nominations </Li> <Li> 4.3. 2 Wins </Li> </Ul> </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 5 Legacy <Ul> <Li> 5.1 Events and tourism </Li> <Li> 5.2 Production company </Li> <Li> 5.3 Movies </Li> <Li> 5.4 Music </Li> <Li> 5.5 Television </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 6 References </Li> <Li> 7 External links <Ul> <Li> 7.1 Reviews </Li> </Ul> </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Plot ( edit ) </H2> <P> Author Gordie Lachance reads in the newspaper that his childhood friend Chris Chambers has been stabbed to death . Gordie narrates a flashback ( later revealed to be Gordie writing ) to a childhood incident when he and three buddies undertook a journey to find the body of a missing boy near the town of Castle Rock , Oregon , over Labor Day weekend in 1959 . </P> <P> Young Gordie is a quiet , bookish boy who likes to tell stories . His parents , grieving the recent death of Gordie 's older brother Denny , neglect their younger son . Gordie 's friends are Chris , who comes from a family of drunks and criminals ; Teddy Duchamp , a joker who was burned and physically scarred by his mentally ill father ; and Vern Tessio , who is overweight and timid . </P> <P> Vern overhears his older brother Billy and his friend Charlie Hogan discussing Ray Brower , a young boy who is missing and presumed dead . Gordie , Chris , Teddy , and Vern decide to find Ray 's body , hoping to become local heroes . Chris steals his father 's M1911 pistol , and the boys set out , stopping at the town 's junkyard to drink from its water pump . The boys hang out in the junkyard for a while , while Gordie leaves to buy food for the journey . When Gordie returns , he sees his friends jumping the fence to escape Milo Pressman , the junkman , and his dog Chopper . Gordie escapes as well . Pressman , infuriated , threatens to call the boys ' parents and calls Teddy 's father a `` loony '' ; an enraged Teddy attempts to attack Pressman , but the boys restrain him and they leave . </P> <P> At nighttime , Gordie tells the other boys a story of Davie `` Lard - Ass '' Hogan , an overweight boy who is constantly teased and bullied . Hogan enters a pie - eating contest , but his goal was not to win , but to exact revenge . Prior to the contest , Hogan consumed a full bottle of castor oil and a raw egg . After eating several pies and briefly dominating the contest , Hogan vomits , inducing the vomiting of the contestants and crowd members , humiliating and embarrassing his tormentors . </P> <P> After a series of misadventures and self - revelations , the boys locate the body . However , local hoodlum `` Ace '' Merrill and his gang , including Chris ' older brother `` Eyeball '' Chambers , arrive to claim the body and the credit for finding it . When Chris refuses to allow this , Ace draws a switchblade with intent to kill him , but Gordie intervenes with the pistol Chris had stolen . Ace and his gang leave and Ace vows revenge . </P> <P> The boys agree to report the body via an anonymous phone call to the authorities and hike back to Castle Rock and bid each other farewell until they see each other in a few days , in the local junior high school . </P> <P> The present - day Gordie writes that while he and Chris remained friends , they drifted apart from Teddy and Vern shortly after that day . Gordie notes how everyone 's life turned out : Vern married immediately after high school , has four children , and drives a forklift at a local lumberyard . Teddy tried enlisting in the Army but was turned down because of bad eyesight and an ear injury ; he later served time in prison and now does odd jobs around town . Chris went to college and became a lawyer ; when attempting to break up a fight in a fast - food restaurant , he was stabbed to death . </P> <P> After finishing the story , adult Gordie , a successful , published writer , walks outside and drives away with his son and his son 's friend to take them swimming . </P> <H2> Cast ( edit ) </H2> <Ul> <Li> Wil Wheaton as Gordie Lachance ( aged 12 ) <Ul> <Li> Richard Dreyfuss as Gordie Lachance ( adult ; credited as `` The Writer '' ) </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> River Phoenix as Chris Chambers </Li> <Li> Corey Feldman as Teddy Duchamp </Li> <Li> Jerry O'Connell as Vern Tessio </Li> <Li> Kie\n\nQuestion:\nwho does wil wheaton play in stand by me\n"
},
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"value": "Gordie Lachance"
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[
{
"from": "human",
"tok_len": 1856,
"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nQuestion:\nwho does wil wheaton play in stand by me\n\nDocument:\nRuth </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Edited by </Th> <Td> Robert Leighton </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Production company </Th> <Td> Act III Productions </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Distributed by </Th> <Td> Columbia Pictures </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Release date </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> August 8 , 1986 ( 1986 - 08 - 08 ) </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Running time </Th> <Td> 89 minutes </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Country </Th> <Td> United States </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Language </Th> <Td> English </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Budget </Th> <Td> $8 million </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Box office </Th> <Td> $52.3 million </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> Stand by Me is a 1986 American coming - of - age comedy - drama film directed by Rob Reiner and starring Wil Wheaton , River Phoenix , Corey Feldman , and Jerry O'Connell . The film , whose plot is based on Stephen King 's novella The Body ( 1982 ) and title is derived from Ben E. King 's eponymous song , which plays over the ending credits , tells the story of four boys in a small town in Oregon who go on a hike to find the dead body of a missing child . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Plot </Li> <Li> 2 Cast </Li> <Li> 3 Production <Ul> <Li> 3.1 Casting </Li> <Li> 3.2 Locations </Li> <Li> 3.3 Title </Li> <Li> 3.4 Music </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 4 Reception <Ul> <Li> 4.1 Box office </Li> <Li> 4.2 Critical response </Li> <Li> 4.3 Accolades <Ul> <Li> 4.3. 1 Nominations </Li> <Li> 4.3. 2 Wins </Li> </Ul> </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 5 Legacy <Ul> <Li> 5.1 Events and tourism </Li> <Li> 5.2 Production company </Li> <Li> 5.3 Movies </Li> <Li> 5.4 Music </Li> <Li> 5.5 Television </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 6 References </Li> <Li> 7 External links <Ul> <Li> 7.1 Reviews </Li> </Ul> </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Plot ( edit ) </H2> <P> Author Gordie Lachance reads in the newspaper that his childhood friend Chris Chambers has been stabbed to death . Gordie narrates a flashback ( later revealed to be Gordie writing ) to a childhood incident when he and three buddies undertook a journey to find the body of a missing boy near the town of Castle Rock , Oregon , over Labor Day weekend in 1959 . </P> <P> Young Gordie is a quiet , bookish boy who likes to tell stories . His parents , grieving the recent death of Gordie 's older brother Denny , neglect their younger son . Gordie 's friends are Chris , who comes from a family of drunks and criminals ; Teddy Duchamp , a joker who was burned and physically scarred by his mentally ill father ; and Vern Tessio , who is overweight and timid . </P> <P> Vern overhears his older brother Billy and his friend Charlie Hogan discussing Ray Brower , a young boy who is missing and presumed dead . Gordie , Chris , Teddy , and Vern decide to find Ray 's body , hoping to become local heroes . Chris steals his father 's M1911 pistol , and the boys set out , stopping at the town 's junkyard to drink from its water pump . The boys hang out in the junkyard for a while , while Gordie leaves to buy food for the journey . When Gordie returns , he sees his friends jumping the fence to escape Milo Pressman , the junkman , and his dog Chopper . Gordie escapes as well . Pressman , infuriated , threatens to call the boys ' parents and calls Teddy 's father a `` loony '' ; an enraged Teddy attempts to attack Pressman , but the boys restrain him and they leave . </P> <P> At nighttime , Gordie tells the other boys a story of Davie `` Lard - Ass '' Hogan , an overweight boy who is constantly teased and bullied . Hogan enters a pie - eating contest , but his goal was not to win , but to exact revenge . Prior to the contest , Hogan consumed a full bottle of castor oil and a raw egg . After eating several pies and briefly dominating the contest , Hogan vomits , inducing the vomiting of the contestants and crowd members , humiliating and embarrassing his tormentors . </P> <P> After a series of misadventures and self - revelations , the boys locate the body . However , local hoodlum `` Ace '' Merrill and his gang , including Chris ' older brother `` Eyeball '' Chambers , arrive to claim the body and the credit for finding it . When Chris refuses to allow this , Ace draws a switchblade with intent to kill him , but Gordie intervenes with the pistol Chris had stolen . Ace and his gang leave and Ace vows revenge . </P> <P> The boys agree to report the body via an anonymous phone call to the authorities and hike back to Castle Rock and bid each other farewell until they see each other in a few days , in the local junior high school . </P> <P> The present - day Gordie writes that while he and Chris remained friends , they drifted apart from Teddy and Vern shortly after that day . Gordie notes how everyone 's life turned out : Vern married immediately after high school , has four children , and drives a forklift at a local lumberyard . Teddy tried enlisting in the Army but was turned down because of bad eyesight and an ear injury ; he later served time in prison and now does odd jobs around town . Chris went to college and became a lawyer ; when attempting to break up a fight in a fast - food restaurant , he was stabbed to death . </P> <P> After finishing the story , adult Gordie , a successful , published writer , walks outside and drives away with his son and his son 's friend to take them swimming . </P> <H2> Cast ( edit ) </H2> <Ul> <Li> Wil Wheaton as Gordie Lachance ( aged 12 ) <Ul> <Li> Richard Dreyfuss as Gordie Lachance ( adult ; credited as `` The Writer '' ) </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> River Phoenix as Chris Chambers </Li> <Li> Corey Feldman as Teddy Duchamp </Li> <Li> Jerry O'Connell as Vern Tessio </Li> <Li> Kie\n"
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"tok_len": null,
"value": "Gordie Lachance"
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"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nDocument:\nd murder and torture in the rubber plantations led the Belgian government to seize the Congo from Leopold II and establish the Belgian Congo . Under Belgian rule numerous Christian organizations attempted to Westernize the Congolese people . </P> <P> After an uprising by the Congolese people , Belgium surrendered to the independence of the Congo in 1960 . However , the Congo remained unstable because tribal leaders had more power than the central government . Prime Minister Patrice Lumumba tried to restore order with the aid of the Soviet Union as part of the Cold War , causing the United States to support a coup led by Colonel Joseph Mobutu in 1965 . Mobutu quickly seized complete power of the Congo and renamed the country Zaire . He sought to Africanize the country , changing his own name to Mobutu Sese Seko , and demanded that African citizens change their Western names to traditional African names . Mobutu sought to repress any opposition to his rule , in which he successfully did throughout the 1980s . However , with his regime weakened in the 1990s , Mobutu was forced to agree to a power - sharing government with the opposition party . Mobutu remained the head of state and promised elections within the next two years that never took place . </P> <P> In the First Congo War , Rwanda invaded Zaire ; Mobutu lost his power during this process . Laurent - Desire Kabila took power and renamed the country the Democratic Republic of the Congo . After a disappointing rule under Kabila , the Second Congo War broke out , resulting in a regional war in which different African nations took part . Kabila was assassinated by his bodyguard in 2001 , and his son , Joseph , succeeded him and was later elected president by the Congolese government in 2006 . Kabila quickly sought peace . Foreign soldiers remained in the Congo for a few years and a power - sharing government between Kabila and the opposition party was set up . Kabila later resumed complete control over the Congo and was re-elected in a disputed election in 2011 . Today , the Congo remains dangerously unstable . </P> <H2> Contents </H2> <Ul> <Li> 1 Early history </Li> <Li> 2 Colonial rule <Ul> <Li> 2.1 Congo Free State ( 1885 -- 1908 ) </Li> <Li> 2.2 Belgian Congo ( 1908 -- 60 ) </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 3 Independence and the Congo Crisis ( 1960 -- 65 ) </Li> <Li> 4 Zaire ( 1965 -- 97 ) </Li> <Li> 5 Civil Wars ( 1996 - 2003 ) <Ul> <Li> 5.1 First Congo War ( 1996 -- 97 ) </Li> <Li> 5.2 Second Congo War ( 1998 -- 2003 ) </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 6 Joseph Kabila period <Ul> <Li> 6.1 Transitional government ( 2003 -- 06 ) </Li> <Li> 6.2 Kabila overstays his term </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 7 Continued conflicts <Ul> <Li> 7.1 Conflict in Kivu ( 2004 - present ) <Ul> <Li> 7.1. 1 Allied Democratic Forces insurgency </Li> <Li> 7.1. 2 Ethnic Mai Mai factions </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 7.2 Conflict in Katanga </Li> <Li> 7.3 Conflict in Kasai </Li> <Li> 7.4 Ituri conflict </Li> <Li> 7.5 Dongo Conflict </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 8 See also </Li> <Li> 9 Notes </Li> <Li> 10 References </Li> <Li> 11 Sources </Li> <Li> 12 External links </Li> </Ul> <H2> Early history ( edit ) </H2> Main article : Early Congolese history Map of the Kingdom of Kongo <P> The area now known as the Democratic Republic of the Congo was populated as early as 80,000 years ago , as shown by the 1988 discovery of the Semliki harpoon at Katanda , one of the oldest barbed harpoons ever found , which is believed to have been used to catch giant river catfish . During its recorded history , the area has also been known as Congo , Congo Free State , Belgian Congo , and Zaire . </P> <P> The Kingdom of Kongo existed from the 14th to the early 19th century . Until the arrival of the Portuguese it was the dominant force in the region along with the Kingdom of Luba , the Kingdom of Lunda , the Mongo people and the Anziku Kingdom . </P> <H2> Colonial rule ( edit ) </H2> See also : Belgian overseas colonies <H3> Congo Free state ( 1885 -- 1908 ) ( edit ) </H3> Main article : Congo Free State Children mutilated during King Leopold II 's rule <P> The Congo Free State was a corporate state privately controlled by Leopold II of Belgium through the Association internationale africaine , a non-governmental organization . Leopold was the sole shareholder and chairman . The state included the entire area of the present Democratic Republic of the Congo . Under Leopold II , the Congo Free State became one of the most infamous international scandals of the turn of the twentieth century . The report of the British Consul Roger Casement led to the arrest and punishment of white officials who had been responsible for cold - blooded killings during a rubber - collecting expedition in 1900 , including a Belgian national who caused the shooting of at least 122 Congolese natives . Estimates of the total death toll vary considerably . The first census was only done in 1924 , so it is even more difficult to quantify the population loss of the period . Roger Casement 's famous 1904 report estimated ten million people . According to Casement 's report , indiscriminate `` war '' , starvation , reduction of births and tropical diseases caused the country 's depopulation . European and U.S. press agencies exposed the conditions in the Congo Free State to the public in 1900 . By 1908 public and diplomatic pressure had led Leopold II to annex the Congo as the Belgian Congo colony . </P> <H3> Belgian Congo ( 1908 -- 60 ) ( edit ) </H3> Main article : Belgian Congo <P> On 15 November 1908 King Léopold II of Belgium formally relinquished personal control of the Congo Free State . The renamed Belgian Congo was put under the direct administration of the Belgian government and its Ministry of Colonies . </P> <P> Belgian rule in the Congo was based around the `` colonial trinity '' ( trinité coloniale ) of state , missionary and private company interests . The privileging of Belgian commercial interests meant that large amounts of capital flowed into the Congo and that individual regions became specialised . The interests of the government and private enterprise became closely tied ; the state helped companies break strikes and remove other barriers imposed by the indigenous population . The country was split into nesting , hierarchically organised administrative subdivisions , and run uniformly according to a set `` native policy '' ( politique indigène ) -- in contrast to the British and the French , w\n\nQuestion:\nwhen did democratic republic of congo become independent\n"
},
{
"from": "agent",
"tok_len": null,
"value": "1960"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"tok_len": 1841,
"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nQuestion:\nwhen did democratic republic of congo become independent\n\nDocument:\nd murder and torture in the rubber plantations led the Belgian government to seize the Congo from Leopold II and establish the Belgian Congo . Under Belgian rule numerous Christian organizations attempted to Westernize the Congolese people . </P> <P> After an uprising by the Congolese people , Belgium surrendered to the independence of the Congo in 1960 . However , the Congo remained unstable because tribal leaders had more power than the central government . Prime Minister Patrice Lumumba tried to restore order with the aid of the Soviet Union as part of the Cold War , causing the United States to support a coup led by Colonel Joseph Mobutu in 1965 . Mobutu quickly seized complete power of the Congo and renamed the country Zaire . He sought to Africanize the country , changing his own name to Mobutu Sese Seko , and demanded that African citizens change their Western names to traditional African names . Mobutu sought to repress any opposition to his rule , in which he successfully did throughout the 1980s . However , with his regime weakened in the 1990s , Mobutu was forced to agree to a power - sharing government with the opposition party . Mobutu remained the head of state and promised elections within the next two years that never took place . </P> <P> In the First Congo War , Rwanda invaded Zaire ; Mobutu lost his power during this process . Laurent - Desire Kabila took power and renamed the country the Democratic Republic of the Congo . After a disappointing rule under Kabila , the Second Congo War broke out , resulting in a regional war in which different African nations took part . Kabila was assassinated by his bodyguard in 2001 , and his son , Joseph , succeeded him and was later elected president by the Congolese government in 2006 . Kabila quickly sought peace . Foreign soldiers remained in the Congo for a few years and a power - sharing government between Kabila and the opposition party was set up . Kabila later resumed complete control over the Congo and was re-elected in a disputed election in 2011 . Today , the Congo remains dangerously unstable . </P> <H2> Contents </H2> <Ul> <Li> 1 Early history </Li> <Li> 2 Colonial rule <Ul> <Li> 2.1 Congo Free State ( 1885 -- 1908 ) </Li> <Li> 2.2 Belgian Congo ( 1908 -- 60 ) </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 3 Independence and the Congo Crisis ( 1960 -- 65 ) </Li> <Li> 4 Zaire ( 1965 -- 97 ) </Li> <Li> 5 Civil Wars ( 1996 - 2003 ) <Ul> <Li> 5.1 First Congo War ( 1996 -- 97 ) </Li> <Li> 5.2 Second Congo War ( 1998 -- 2003 ) </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 6 Joseph Kabila period <Ul> <Li> 6.1 Transitional government ( 2003 -- 06 ) </Li> <Li> 6.2 Kabila overstays his term </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 7 Continued conflicts <Ul> <Li> 7.1 Conflict in Kivu ( 2004 - present ) <Ul> <Li> 7.1. 1 Allied Democratic Forces insurgency </Li> <Li> 7.1. 2 Ethnic Mai Mai factions </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 7.2 Conflict in Katanga </Li> <Li> 7.3 Conflict in Kasai </Li> <Li> 7.4 Ituri conflict </Li> <Li> 7.5 Dongo Conflict </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 8 See also </Li> <Li> 9 Notes </Li> <Li> 10 References </Li> <Li> 11 Sources </Li> <Li> 12 External links </Li> </Ul> <H2> Early history ( edit ) </H2> Main article : Early Congolese history Map of the Kingdom of Kongo <P> The area now known as the Democratic Republic of the Congo was populated as early as 80,000 years ago , as shown by the 1988 discovery of the Semliki harpoon at Katanda , one of the oldest barbed harpoons ever found , which is believed to have been used to catch giant river catfish . During its recorded history , the area has also been known as Congo , Congo Free State , Belgian Congo , and Zaire . </P> <P> The Kingdom of Kongo existed from the 14th to the early 19th century . Until the arrival of the Portuguese it was the dominant force in the region along with the Kingdom of Luba , the Kingdom of Lunda , the Mongo people and the Anziku Kingdom . </P> <H2> Colonial rule ( edit ) </H2> See also : Belgian overseas colonies <H3> Congo Free state ( 1885 -- 1908 ) ( edit ) </H3> Main article : Congo Free State Children mutilated during King Leopold II 's rule <P> The Congo Free State was a corporate state privately controlled by Leopold II of Belgium through the Association internationale africaine , a non-governmental organization . Leopold was the sole shareholder and chairman . The state included the entire area of the present Democratic Republic of the Congo . Under Leopold II , the Congo Free State became one of the most infamous international scandals of the turn of the twentieth century . The report of the British Consul Roger Casement led to the arrest and punishment of white officials who had been responsible for cold - blooded killings during a rubber - collecting expedition in 1900 , including a Belgian national who caused the shooting of at least 122 Congolese natives . Estimates of the total death toll vary considerably . The first census was only done in 1924 , so it is even more difficult to quantify the population loss of the period . Roger Casement 's famous 1904 report estimated ten million people . According to Casement 's report , indiscriminate `` war '' , starvation , reduction of births and tropical diseases caused the country 's depopulation . European and U.S. press agencies exposed the conditions in the Congo Free State to the public in 1900 . By 1908 public and diplomatic pressure had led Leopold II to annex the Congo as the Belgian Congo colony . </P> <H3> Belgian Congo ( 1908 -- 60 ) ( edit ) </H3> Main article : Belgian Congo <P> On 15 November 1908 King Léopold II of Belgium formally relinquished personal control of the Congo Free State . The renamed Belgian Congo was put under the direct administration of the Belgian government and its Ministry of Colonies . </P> <P> Belgian rule in the Congo was based around the `` colonial trinity '' ( trinité coloniale ) of state , missionary and private company interests . The privileging of Belgian commercial interests meant that large amounts of capital flowed into the Congo and that individual regions became specialised . The interests of the government and private enterprise became closely tied ; the state helped companies break strikes and remove other barriers imposed by the indigenous population . The country was split into nesting , hierarchically organised administrative subdivisions , and run uniformly according to a set `` native policy '' ( politique indigène ) -- in contrast to the British and the French , w\n"
},
{
"from": "agent",
"tok_len": null,
"value": "1960"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"tok_len": 2116,
"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nDocument:\nHistory of the Democratic Republic of the Congo - wikipedia <H1> History of the Democratic Republic of the Congo </H1> <P> </P> <Table> <Tr> <Th> Part of a series on the </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> History of the Democratic Republic of the Congo </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> <Table> <Tr> <Td> Early history </Td> <Td> pre -- 1876 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Colonization </Td> <Td> 1876 -- 1885 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Congo Free State </Td> <Td> 1885 -- 1908 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Belgian Congo </Td> <Td> 1908 -- 1960 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Congo Crisis </Td> <Td> 1960 -- 1965 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Zaire </Td> <Td> 1965 -- 1996 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> First Congo War </Td> <Td> 1996 -- 1997 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Second Congo War </Td> <Td> 1998 -- 2003 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Transitional government </Td> <Td> 2003 -- 2006 </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> See also : Years </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> DRC Portal </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> </Table> <Table> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> This article needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . ( May 2014 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> The region that is now the Democratic Republic of the Congo was first settled about 80,000 years ago . The Kingdom of Congo remained present in the region between the 14th and the early 19th centuries . Belgian colonization began when King Leopold II founded the Congo Free State , a corporate state run solely by King Leopold . Reports of widespread murder and torture in the rubber plantations led the Belgian government to seize the Congo from Leopold II and establish the Belgian Congo . Under Belgian rule numerous Christian organizations attempted to Westernize the Congolese people . </P> <P> After an uprising by the Congolese people , Belgium surrendered to the independence of the Congo in 1960 . However , the Congo remained unstable because tribal leaders had more power than the central government . Prime Minister Patrice Lumumba tried to restore order with the aid of the Soviet Union as part of the Cold War , causing the United States to support a coup led by Colonel Joseph Mobutu in 1965 . Mobutu quickly seized complete power of the Congo and renamed the country Zaire . He sought to Africanize the country , changing his own name to Mobutu Sese Seko , and demanded that African citizens change their Western names to traditional African names . Mobutu sought to repress any opposition to his rule , in which he successfully did throughout the 1980s . However , with his regime weakened in the 1990s , Mobutu was forced to agree to a power - sharing government with the opposition party . Mobutu remained the head of state and promised elections within the next two years that never took place . </P> <P> In the First Congo War , Rwanda invaded Zaire ; Mobutu lost his power during this process . Laurent - Desire Kabila took power and renamed the country the Democratic Republic of the Congo . After a disappointing rule under Kabila , the Second Congo War broke out , resulting in a regional war in which different African nations took part . Kabila was assassinated by his bodyguard in 2001 , and his son , Joseph , succeeded him and was later elected president by the Congolese government in 2006 . Kabila quickly sought peace . Foreign soldiers remained in the Congo for a few years and a power - sharing government between Kabila and the opposition party was set up . Kabila later resumed complete control over the Congo and was re-elected in a disputed election in 2011 . Today , the Congo remains dangerously unstable . </P> <H2> Contents </H2> <Ul> <Li> 1 Early history </Li> <Li> 2 Colonial rule <Ul> <Li> 2.1 Congo Free State ( 1885 -- 1908 ) </Li> <Li> 2.2 Belgian Congo ( 1908 -- 60 ) </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 3 Independence and the Congo Crisis ( 1960 -- 65 ) </Li> <Li> 4 Zaire ( 1965 -- 97 ) </Li> <Li> 5 Civil Wars ( 1996 - 2003 ) <Ul> <Li> 5.1 First Congo War ( 1996 -- 97 ) </Li> <Li> 5.2 Second Congo War ( 1998 -- 2003 ) </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 6 Joseph Kabila period <Ul> <Li> 6.1 Transitional government ( 2003 -- 06 ) </Li> <Li> 6.2 Kabila overstays his term </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 7 Continued conflicts <Ul> <Li> 7.1 Conflict in Kivu ( 2004 - present ) <Ul> <Li> 7.1. 1 Allied Democratic Forces insurgency </Li> <Li> 7.1. 2 Ethnic Mai Mai factions </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 7.2 Conflict in Katanga </Li> <Li> 7.3 Conflict in Kasai </Li> <Li> 7.4 Ituri conflict </Li> <Li> 7.5 Dongo Conflict </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 8 See also </Li> <Li> 9 Notes </Li> <Li> 10 References </Li> <Li> 11 Sources </Li> <Li> 12 External links </Li> </Ul> <H2> Early history ( edit ) </H2> Main article : Early Congolese history Map of the Kingdom of Kongo <P> The area now known as the Democratic Republic of the Congo was populated as early as 80,000 years ago , as shown by the 1988 discovery of the Semliki harpoon at Katanda , one of the oldest barbed harpoons ever found , which is believed to have been used to catch giant river catfish . During its recorded history , the area has also been known as Congo , Congo Free State , Belgian Congo , and Zaire . </P> <P> The Kingdom of Kongo existed from the 14th to the early 19th century . Until the arrival of the Portuguese it was the dominant force in the region along with the Kingdom of Luba , the Kingdom of Lunda , the Mongo people and the Anziku Kingdom . </P> <H2> Colonial rule ( edit ) </H2> See also : Belgian overseas colonies <H3> Congo Free state ( 1885 -- 1908 ) ( edit ) </H3> Main article : Congo Free State Children mutilated during King Leopold II 's rule <P> The Congo Free State was a corporate state privately controlled by Leopold II of Belgium through the Association internationale africaine , a non-governmental organization . Leopold was the sole shareholder and chairman . The state included the entire area of the present Democratic Republic of the Congo . Under Leopold II , the Congo Free State became one of the most infamous international scandals of the turn of the twentieth century . The report of the British Consul Roger Casement led to the arrest and punishment of white officials who had been responsible for cold - blooded killings during a rubber - collecting expedition in 1900 , including a Belgian national who caused the shooting of at least \n\nQuestion:\nwhen did democratic republic of congo become independent\n"
},
{
"from": "agent",
"tok_len": null,
"value": "1960"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"tok_len": 2116,
"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nQuestion:\nwhen did democratic republic of congo become independent\n\nDocument:\nHistory of the Democratic Republic of the Congo - wikipedia <H1> History of the Democratic Republic of the Congo </H1> <P> </P> <Table> <Tr> <Th> Part of a series on the </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> History of the Democratic Republic of the Congo </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> <Table> <Tr> <Td> Early history </Td> <Td> pre -- 1876 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Colonization </Td> <Td> 1876 -- 1885 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Congo Free State </Td> <Td> 1885 -- 1908 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Belgian Congo </Td> <Td> 1908 -- 1960 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Congo Crisis </Td> <Td> 1960 -- 1965 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Zaire </Td> <Td> 1965 -- 1996 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> First Congo War </Td> <Td> 1996 -- 1997 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Second Congo War </Td> <Td> 1998 -- 2003 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Transitional government </Td> <Td> 2003 -- 2006 </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> See also : Years </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> DRC Portal </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> </Table> <Table> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> This article needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . ( May 2014 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> The region that is now the Democratic Republic of the Congo was first settled about 80,000 years ago . The Kingdom of Congo remained present in the region between the 14th and the early 19th centuries . Belgian colonization began when King Leopold II founded the Congo Free State , a corporate state run solely by King Leopold . Reports of widespread murder and torture in the rubber plantations led the Belgian government to seize the Congo from Leopold II and establish the Belgian Congo . Under Belgian rule numerous Christian organizations attempted to Westernize the Congolese people . </P> <P> After an uprising by the Congolese people , Belgium surrendered to the independence of the Congo in 1960 . However , the Congo remained unstable because tribal leaders had more power than the central government . Prime Minister Patrice Lumumba tried to restore order with the aid of the Soviet Union as part of the Cold War , causing the United States to support a coup led by Colonel Joseph Mobutu in 1965 . Mobutu quickly seized complete power of the Congo and renamed the country Zaire . He sought to Africanize the country , changing his own name to Mobutu Sese Seko , and demanded that African citizens change their Western names to traditional African names . Mobutu sought to repress any opposition to his rule , in which he successfully did throughout the 1980s . However , with his regime weakened in the 1990s , Mobutu was forced to agree to a power - sharing government with the opposition party . Mobutu remained the head of state and promised elections within the next two years that never took place . </P> <P> In the First Congo War , Rwanda invaded Zaire ; Mobutu lost his power during this process . Laurent - Desire Kabila took power and renamed the country the Democratic Republic of the Congo . After a disappointing rule under Kabila , the Second Congo War broke out , resulting in a regional war in which different African nations took part . Kabila was assassinated by his bodyguard in 2001 , and his son , Joseph , succeeded him and was later elected president by the Congolese government in 2006 . Kabila quickly sought peace . Foreign soldiers remained in the Congo for a few years and a power - sharing government between Kabila and the opposition party was set up . Kabila later resumed complete control over the Congo and was re-elected in a disputed election in 2011 . Today , the Congo remains dangerously unstable . </P> <H2> Contents </H2> <Ul> <Li> 1 Early history </Li> <Li> 2 Colonial rule <Ul> <Li> 2.1 Congo Free State ( 1885 -- 1908 ) </Li> <Li> 2.2 Belgian Congo ( 1908 -- 60 ) </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 3 Independence and the Congo Crisis ( 1960 -- 65 ) </Li> <Li> 4 Zaire ( 1965 -- 97 ) </Li> <Li> 5 Civil Wars ( 1996 - 2003 ) <Ul> <Li> 5.1 First Congo War ( 1996 -- 97 ) </Li> <Li> 5.2 Second Congo War ( 1998 -- 2003 ) </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 6 Joseph Kabila period <Ul> <Li> 6.1 Transitional government ( 2003 -- 06 ) </Li> <Li> 6.2 Kabila overstays his term </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 7 Continued conflicts <Ul> <Li> 7.1 Conflict in Kivu ( 2004 - present ) <Ul> <Li> 7.1. 1 Allied Democratic Forces insurgency </Li> <Li> 7.1. 2 Ethnic Mai Mai factions </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 7.2 Conflict in Katanga </Li> <Li> 7.3 Conflict in Kasai </Li> <Li> 7.4 Ituri conflict </Li> <Li> 7.5 Dongo Conflict </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 8 See also </Li> <Li> 9 Notes </Li> <Li> 10 References </Li> <Li> 11 Sources </Li> <Li> 12 External links </Li> </Ul> <H2> Early history ( edit ) </H2> Main article : Early Congolese history Map of the Kingdom of Kongo <P> The area now known as the Democratic Republic of the Congo was populated as early as 80,000 years ago , as shown by the 1988 discovery of the Semliki harpoon at Katanda , one of the oldest barbed harpoons ever found , which is believed to have been used to catch giant river catfish . During its recorded history , the area has also been known as Congo , Congo Free State , Belgian Congo , and Zaire . </P> <P> The Kingdom of Kongo existed from the 14th to the early 19th century . Until the arrival of the Portuguese it was the dominant force in the region along with the Kingdom of Luba , the Kingdom of Lunda , the Mongo people and the Anziku Kingdom . </P> <H2> Colonial rule ( edit ) </H2> See also : Belgian overseas colonies <H3> Congo Free state ( 1885 -- 1908 ) ( edit ) </H3> Main article : Congo Free State Children mutilated during King Leopold II 's rule <P> The Congo Free State was a corporate state privately controlled by Leopold II of Belgium through the Association internationale africaine , a non-governmental organization . Leopold was the sole shareholder and chairman . The state included the entire area of the present Democratic Republic of the Congo . Under Leopold II , the Congo Free State became one of the most infamous international scandals of the turn of the twentieth century . The report of the British Consul Roger Casement led to the arrest and punishment of white officials who had been responsible for cold - blooded killings during a rubber - collecting expedition in 1900 , including a Belgian national who caused the shooting of at least \n"
},
{
"from": "agent",
"tok_len": null,
"value": "1960"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"tok_len": 2116,
"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nDocument:\nHistory of the Democratic Republic of the Congo - wikipedia <H1> History of the Democratic Republic of the Congo </H1> <P> </P> <Table> <Tr> <Th> Part of a series on the </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> History of the Democratic Republic of the Congo </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> <Table> <Tr> <Td> Early history </Td> <Td> pre -- 1876 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Colonization </Td> <Td> 1876 -- 1885 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Congo Free State </Td> <Td> 1885 -- 1908 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Belgian Congo </Td> <Td> 1908 -- 1960 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Congo Crisis </Td> <Td> 1960 -- 1965 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Zaire </Td> <Td> 1965 -- 1996 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> First Congo War </Td> <Td> 1996 -- 1997 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Second Congo War </Td> <Td> 1998 -- 2003 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Transitional government </Td> <Td> 2003 -- 2006 </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> See also : Years </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> DRC Portal </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> </Table> <Table> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> This article needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . ( May 2014 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> The region that is now the Democratic Republic of the Congo was first settled about 80,000 years ago . The Kingdom of Congo remained present in the region between the 14th and the early 19th centuries . Belgian colonization began when King Leopold II founded the Congo Free State , a corporate state run solely by King Leopold . Reports of widespread murder and torture in the rubber plantations led the Belgian government to seize the Congo from Leopold II and establish the Belgian Congo . Under Belgian rule numerous Christian organizations attempted to Westernize the Congolese people . </P> <P> After an uprising by the Congolese people , Belgium surrendered to the independence of the Congo in 1960 . However , the Congo remained unstable because tribal leaders had more power than the central government . Prime Minister Patrice Lumumba tried to restore order with the aid of the Soviet Union as part of the Cold War , causing the United States to support a coup led by Colonel Joseph Mobutu in 1965 . Mobutu quickly seized complete power of the Congo and renamed the country Zaire . He sought to Africanize the country , changing his own name to Mobutu Sese Seko , and demanded that African citizens change their Western names to traditional African names . Mobutu sought to repress any opposition to his rule , in which he successfully did throughout the 1980s . However , with his regime weakened in the 1990s , Mobutu was forced to agree to a power - sharing government with the opposition party . Mobutu remained the head of state and promised elections within the next two years that never took place . </P> <P> In the First Congo War , Rwanda invaded Zaire ; Mobutu lost his power during this process . Laurent - Desire Kabila took power and renamed the country the Democratic Republic of the Congo . After a disappointing rule under Kabila , the Second Congo War broke out , resulting in a regional war in which different African nations took part . Kabila was assassinated by his bodyguard in 2001 , and his son , Joseph , succeeded him and was later elected president by the Congolese government in 2006 . Kabila quickly sought peace . Foreign soldiers remained in the Congo for a few years and a power - sharing government between Kabila and the opposition party was set up . Kabila later resumed complete control over the Congo and was re-elected in a disputed election in 2011 . Today , the Congo remains dangerously unstable . </P> <H2> Contents </H2> <Ul> <Li> 1 Early history </Li> <Li> 2 Colonial rule <Ul> <Li> 2.1 Congo Free State ( 1885 -- 1908 ) </Li> <Li> 2.2 Belgian Congo ( 1908 -- 60 ) </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 3 Independence and the Congo Crisis ( 1960 -- 65 ) </Li> <Li> 4 Zaire ( 1965 -- 97 ) </Li> <Li> 5 Civil Wars ( 1996 - 2003 ) <Ul> <Li> 5.1 First Congo War ( 1996 -- 97 ) </Li> <Li> 5.2 Second Congo War ( 1998 -- 2003 ) </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 6 Joseph Kabila period <Ul> <Li> 6.1 Transitional government ( 2003 -- 06 ) </Li> <Li> 6.2 Kabila overstays his term </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 7 Continued conflicts <Ul> <Li> 7.1 Conflict in Kivu ( 2004 - present ) <Ul> <Li> 7.1. 1 Allied Democratic Forces insurgency </Li> <Li> 7.1. 2 Ethnic Mai Mai factions </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 7.2 Conflict in Katanga </Li> <Li> 7.3 Conflict in Kasai </Li> <Li> 7.4 Ituri conflict </Li> <Li> 7.5 Dongo Conflict </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 8 See also </Li> <Li> 9 Notes </Li> <Li> 10 References </Li> <Li> 11 Sources </Li> <Li> 12 External links </Li> </Ul> <H2> Early history ( edit ) </H2> Main article : Early Congolese history Map of the Kingdom of Kongo <P> The area now known as the Democratic Republic of the Congo was populated as early as 80,000 years ago , as shown by the 1988 discovery of the Semliki harpoon at Katanda , one of the oldest barbed harpoons ever found , which is believed to have been used to catch giant river catfish . During its recorded history , the area has also been known as Congo , Congo Free State , Belgian Congo , and Zaire . </P> <P> The Kingdom of Kongo existed from the 14th to the early 19th century . Until the arrival of the Portuguese it was the dominant force in the region along with the Kingdom of Luba , the Kingdom of Lunda , the Mongo people and the Anziku Kingdom . </P> <H2> Colonial rule ( edit ) </H2> See also : Belgian overseas colonies <H3> Congo Free state ( 1885 -- 1908 ) ( edit ) </H3> Main article : Congo Free State Children mutilated during King Leopold II 's rule <P> The Congo Free State was a corporate state privately controlled by Leopold II of Belgium through the Association internationale africaine , a non-governmental organization . Leopold was the sole shareholder and chairman . The state included the entire area of the present Democratic Republic of the Congo . Under Leopold II , the Congo Free State became one of the most infamous international scandals of the turn of the twentieth century . The report of the British Consul Roger Casement led to the arrest and punishment of white officials who had been responsible for cold - blooded killings during a rubber - collecting expedition in 1900 , including a Belgian national who caused the shooting of at least \n\nQuestion:\nwhen did democratic republic of congo become independent\n"
},
{
"from": "agent",
"tok_len": null,
"value": "1960"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"tok_len": 2116,
"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nQuestion:\nwhen did democratic republic of congo become independent\n\nDocument:\nHistory of the Democratic Republic of the Congo - wikipedia <H1> History of the Democratic Republic of the Congo </H1> <P> </P> <Table> <Tr> <Th> Part of a series on the </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> History of the Democratic Republic of the Congo </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> <Table> <Tr> <Td> Early history </Td> <Td> pre -- 1876 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Colonization </Td> <Td> 1876 -- 1885 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Congo Free State </Td> <Td> 1885 -- 1908 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Belgian Congo </Td> <Td> 1908 -- 1960 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Congo Crisis </Td> <Td> 1960 -- 1965 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Zaire </Td> <Td> 1965 -- 1996 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> First Congo War </Td> <Td> 1996 -- 1997 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Second Congo War </Td> <Td> 1998 -- 2003 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Transitional government </Td> <Td> 2003 -- 2006 </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> See also : Years </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> DRC Portal </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> </Table> <Table> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> This article needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . ( May 2014 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> The region that is now the Democratic Republic of the Congo was first settled about 80,000 years ago . The Kingdom of Congo remained present in the region between the 14th and the early 19th centuries . Belgian colonization began when King Leopold II founded the Congo Free State , a corporate state run solely by King Leopold . Reports of widespread murder and torture in the rubber plantations led the Belgian government to seize the Congo from Leopold II and establish the Belgian Congo . Under Belgian rule numerous Christian organizations attempted to Westernize the Congolese people . </P> <P> After an uprising by the Congolese people , Belgium surrendered to the independence of the Congo in 1960 . However , the Congo remained unstable because tribal leaders had more power than the central government . Prime Minister Patrice Lumumba tried to restore order with the aid of the Soviet Union as part of the Cold War , causing the United States to support a coup led by Colonel Joseph Mobutu in 1965 . Mobutu quickly seized complete power of the Congo and renamed the country Zaire . He sought to Africanize the country , changing his own name to Mobutu Sese Seko , and demanded that African citizens change their Western names to traditional African names . Mobutu sought to repress any opposition to his rule , in which he successfully did throughout the 1980s . However , with his regime weakened in the 1990s , Mobutu was forced to agree to a power - sharing government with the opposition party . Mobutu remained the head of state and promised elections within the next two years that never took place . </P> <P> In the First Congo War , Rwanda invaded Zaire ; Mobutu lost his power during this process . Laurent - Desire Kabila took power and renamed the country the Democratic Republic of the Congo . After a disappointing rule under Kabila , the Second Congo War broke out , resulting in a regional war in which different African nations took part . Kabila was assassinated by his bodyguard in 2001 , and his son , Joseph , succeeded him and was later elected president by the Congolese government in 2006 . Kabila quickly sought peace . Foreign soldiers remained in the Congo for a few years and a power - sharing government between Kabila and the opposition party was set up . Kabila later resumed complete control over the Congo and was re-elected in a disputed election in 2011 . Today , the Congo remains dangerously unstable . </P> <H2> Contents </H2> <Ul> <Li> 1 Early history </Li> <Li> 2 Colonial rule <Ul> <Li> 2.1 Congo Free State ( 1885 -- 1908 ) </Li> <Li> 2.2 Belgian Congo ( 1908 -- 60 ) </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 3 Independence and the Congo Crisis ( 1960 -- 65 ) </Li> <Li> 4 Zaire ( 1965 -- 97 ) </Li> <Li> 5 Civil Wars ( 1996 - 2003 ) <Ul> <Li> 5.1 First Congo War ( 1996 -- 97 ) </Li> <Li> 5.2 Second Congo War ( 1998 -- 2003 ) </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 6 Joseph Kabila period <Ul> <Li> 6.1 Transitional government ( 2003 -- 06 ) </Li> <Li> 6.2 Kabila overstays his term </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 7 Continued conflicts <Ul> <Li> 7.1 Conflict in Kivu ( 2004 - present ) <Ul> <Li> 7.1. 1 Allied Democratic Forces insurgency </Li> <Li> 7.1. 2 Ethnic Mai Mai factions </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 7.2 Conflict in Katanga </Li> <Li> 7.3 Conflict in Kasai </Li> <Li> 7.4 Ituri conflict </Li> <Li> 7.5 Dongo Conflict </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 8 See also </Li> <Li> 9 Notes </Li> <Li> 10 References </Li> <Li> 11 Sources </Li> <Li> 12 External links </Li> </Ul> <H2> Early history ( edit ) </H2> Main article : Early Congolese history Map of the Kingdom of Kongo <P> The area now known as the Democratic Republic of the Congo was populated as early as 80,000 years ago , as shown by the 1988 discovery of the Semliki harpoon at Katanda , one of the oldest barbed harpoons ever found , which is believed to have been used to catch giant river catfish . During its recorded history , the area has also been known as Congo , Congo Free State , Belgian Congo , and Zaire . </P> <P> The Kingdom of Kongo existed from the 14th to the early 19th century . Until the arrival of the Portuguese it was the dominant force in the region along with the Kingdom of Luba , the Kingdom of Lunda , the Mongo people and the Anziku Kingdom . </P> <H2> Colonial rule ( edit ) </H2> See also : Belgian overseas colonies <H3> Congo Free state ( 1885 -- 1908 ) ( edit ) </H3> Main article : Congo Free State Children mutilated during King Leopold II 's rule <P> The Congo Free State was a corporate state privately controlled by Leopold II of Belgium through the Association internationale africaine , a non-governmental organization . Leopold was the sole shareholder and chairman . The state included the entire area of the present Democratic Republic of the Congo . Under Leopold II , the Congo Free State became one of the most infamous international scandals of the turn of the twentieth century . The report of the British Consul Roger Casement led to the arrest and punishment of white officials who had been responsible for cold - blooded killings during a rubber - collecting expedition in 1900 , including a Belgian national who caused the shooting of at least \n"
},
{
"from": "agent",
"tok_len": null,
"value": "1960"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"tok_len": 2748,
"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nDocument:\nBarden Bellas </Td> <Td> 4 : 16 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 15 . </Td> <Td> `` Crazy Youngsters '' </Td> <Td> Ester Dean </Td> <Td> 3 : 39 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 16 . </Td> <Td> `` Pitch Perfect 2 End Credit Medley '' </Td> <Td> Mark Mothersbaugh </Td> <Td> 3 : 00 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 17 . </Td> <Td> `` Flashlight '' </Td> <Td> Jessie J </Td> <Td> 3 : 29 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 18 . </Td> <Td> `` All of Me ( Bumper 's Audition ) '' </Td> <Td> Adam DeVine </Td> <Td> 1 : 27 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan=\"3\"> Total length : </Td> <Td> 43 : 32 </Td> </Tr> </Table> <Table> <Tr> <Th_colspan=\"4\"> ( show ) Special edition </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> No . </Th> <Th> Title </Th> <Th> Music </Th> <Th> Length </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 1 . </Td> <Td> `` Universal Fanfare '' </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Elizabeth Banks </Li> <Li> John Michael Higgins </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> 0 : 33 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 2 . </Td> <Td> `` Kennedy Center Performance ( We Got the World / Timber / America The Beautiful / Wrecking Ball ) '' </Td> <Td> The Barden Bellas </Td> <Td> 2 : 27 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 3 . </Td> <Td> `` Bang Bang '' </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Jessie J </Li> <Li> Ariana Grande </Li> <Li> Nicki Minaj </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> 3 : 19 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 4 . </Td> <Td> `` Lollipop '' </Td> <Td> The Treblemakers </Td> <Td> 2 : 43 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 5 . </Td> <Td> `` Change Your Life '' </Td> <Td> Iggy Azalea ( feat . T.I. ) </Td> <Td> 3 : 41 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 6 . </Td> <Td> `` Sunshine '' </Td> <Td> Teddybears </Td> <Td> 3 : 20 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 7 . </Td> <Td> `` Car Show ( Uprising / Tsunami ) '' </Td> <Td> Das Sound Machine </Td> <Td> 1 : 47 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 8 . </Td> <Td> `` A Different Beat '' </Td> <Td> Little Mix </Td> <Td> 3 : 27 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 9 . </Td> <Td> `` Winter Wonderland / Here Comes Santa Claus '' </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Snoop Dogg </Li> <Li> Anna Kendrick </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> 3 : 04 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 10 . </Td> <Td> `` Riff Off ( Thong Song / ( Shake , Shake , Shake ) Shake Your Booty / Low / Bootylicious / Baby Got Back / Live Like You Were Dying / Before He Cheats / A Thousand Miles / We Are Never Ever Getting Back Together / What 's Love Got to Do with It / This Is How We Do It / Doo Wop ( That Thing ) / Poison / Scenario / Insane in the Brain / Flashlight ) '' </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Das Sound Machine </Li> <Li> Tone Hangers </Li> <Li> The Barden Bellas </Li> <Li> Green Bay Packers </Li> <Li> The Treblemakers </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> 4 : 24 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 11 . </Td> <Td> `` Jump '' </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Das Sound Machine </Li> <Li> Tone Hanger </Li> <Li> The Treblemakers </Li> <Li> Green Bay Packers </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> 1 : 16 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 12 . </Td> <Td> `` Convention Performance ( Promises / Problem ) '' </Td> <Td> The Barden Bellas </Td> <Td> 1 : 41 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 13 . </Td> <Td> `` Back to Basics ( Boogie Woogie Bugle Boy / You Ca n't Hurry Love / Lady Marmalade / MMMBop / My Lovin ' ( You 're Never Gonna Get It ) ) '' </Td> <Td> The Barden Bellas </Td> <Td> 1 : 30 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 14 . </Td> <Td> `` Cups ( '' When I 'm Gone `` ) ( Campfire Version ) '' </Td> <Td> The Barden Bellas </Td> <Td> 0 : 45 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 15 . </Td> <Td> `` We Belong '' </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Rebel Wilson </Li> <Li> Adam Devine </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> 3 : 34 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 16 . </Td> <Td> `` Any Way You Want It ( World Championship Medley ) '' </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Pentatonix </Li> <Li> Filharmonic </Li> <Li> The Cantasticos </Li> <Li> The Singboks </Li> <Li> Penn Masala </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> 1 : 56 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 17 . </Td> <Td> `` World Championship Finale 1 ( My Songs Know What You Did in the Dark ( Light Em Up ) / All I Do Is Win ) '' </Td> <Td> Das Sound Machine </Td> <Td> 2 : 01 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 18 . </Td> <Td> `` World Championship Finale 2 ( Run the World ( Girls ) / Where Them Girls At / Lady Marmalade / We Belong / Timber / Flashlight ) '' </Td> <Td> The Barden Bellas </Td> <Td> 4 : 16 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 19 . </Td> <Td> `` Crazy Youngsters '' </Td> <Td> Ester Dean </Td> <Td> 3 : 39 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 20 . </Td> <Td> `` Heartbreak Dream '' </Td> <Td> Betty Who </Td> <Td> 3 : 38 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 21 . </Td> <Td> `` Pitch Perfect 2 End Credit Medley '' </Td> <Td> Mark Mothersbaugh </Td> <Td> 3 : 00 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 22 . </Td> <Td> `` Flashlight '' </Td> <Td> Jessie J </Td> <Td> 3 : 29 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 23 . </Td> <Td> `` All of Me ( Bumper 's Audition ) '' </Td> <Td> Adam DeVine </Td> <Td> 1 : 27 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 24 . </Td> <Td> `` Flashlight ( Sweet Life Mix ) '' </Td> <Td> Hailee Steinfeld </Td> <Td> 2 : 58 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 25 . </Td> <Td> `` Any Way You Want It '' </Td> <Td> Pentatonix </Td> <Td> 2 : 30 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 26 . </Td> <Td> `` Flashlight ( Rebel Mix ) '' </Td> <Td> Jessie J </Td> <Td> 3 : 41 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 27 . </Td> <Td> `` Jungle '' </Td> <Td> The Barden Bellas </Td> <Td> 0 : 32 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan=\"3\"> Total length : </Td> <Td> 70 : 38 </Td> </Tr> </Table> <Dl> <Dt> Weekly charts </Dt> </Dl> <Table> <Tr> <Th> Chart ( 2015 ) </Th> <Th> Peak position </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Australian Albums ( ARIA ) </Th> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Austrian Albums ( Ö3 Austria ) </Th> <Td> 11 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Belgian Albums ( Ultratop Flanders ) </Th> <Td> 144 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Canadian Albums ( Billboard ) </Th> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> German Albums ( Offizielle Top 100 ) </Th> <Td> 1\n\nQuestion:\nwho sings the last song in pitch perfect 2\n"
},
{
"from": "agent",
"tok_len": null,
"value": "Adam DeVine"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"tok_len": 2748,
"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nQuestion:\nwho sings the last song in pitch perfect 2\n\nDocument:\nBarden Bellas </Td> <Td> 4 : 16 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 15 . </Td> <Td> `` Crazy Youngsters '' </Td> <Td> Ester Dean </Td> <Td> 3 : 39 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 16 . </Td> <Td> `` Pitch Perfect 2 End Credit Medley '' </Td> <Td> Mark Mothersbaugh </Td> <Td> 3 : 00 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 17 . </Td> <Td> `` Flashlight '' </Td> <Td> Jessie J </Td> <Td> 3 : 29 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 18 . </Td> <Td> `` All of Me ( Bumper 's Audition ) '' </Td> <Td> Adam DeVine </Td> <Td> 1 : 27 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan=\"3\"> Total length : </Td> <Td> 43 : 32 </Td> </Tr> </Table> <Table> <Tr> <Th_colspan=\"4\"> ( show ) Special edition </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> No . </Th> <Th> Title </Th> <Th> Music </Th> <Th> Length </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 1 . </Td> <Td> `` Universal Fanfare '' </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Elizabeth Banks </Li> <Li> John Michael Higgins </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> 0 : 33 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 2 . </Td> <Td> `` Kennedy Center Performance ( We Got the World / Timber / America The Beautiful / Wrecking Ball ) '' </Td> <Td> The Barden Bellas </Td> <Td> 2 : 27 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 3 . </Td> <Td> `` Bang Bang '' </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Jessie J </Li> <Li> Ariana Grande </Li> <Li> Nicki Minaj </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> 3 : 19 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 4 . </Td> <Td> `` Lollipop '' </Td> <Td> The Treblemakers </Td> <Td> 2 : 43 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 5 . </Td> <Td> `` Change Your Life '' </Td> <Td> Iggy Azalea ( feat . T.I. ) </Td> <Td> 3 : 41 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 6 . </Td> <Td> `` Sunshine '' </Td> <Td> Teddybears </Td> <Td> 3 : 20 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 7 . </Td> <Td> `` Car Show ( Uprising / Tsunami ) '' </Td> <Td> Das Sound Machine </Td> <Td> 1 : 47 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 8 . </Td> <Td> `` A Different Beat '' </Td> <Td> Little Mix </Td> <Td> 3 : 27 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 9 . </Td> <Td> `` Winter Wonderland / Here Comes Santa Claus '' </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Snoop Dogg </Li> <Li> Anna Kendrick </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> 3 : 04 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 10 . </Td> <Td> `` Riff Off ( Thong Song / ( Shake , Shake , Shake ) Shake Your Booty / Low / Bootylicious / Baby Got Back / Live Like You Were Dying / Before He Cheats / A Thousand Miles / We Are Never Ever Getting Back Together / What 's Love Got to Do with It / This Is How We Do It / Doo Wop ( That Thing ) / Poison / Scenario / Insane in the Brain / Flashlight ) '' </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Das Sound Machine </Li> <Li> Tone Hangers </Li> <Li> The Barden Bellas </Li> <Li> Green Bay Packers </Li> <Li> The Treblemakers </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> 4 : 24 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 11 . </Td> <Td> `` Jump '' </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Das Sound Machine </Li> <Li> Tone Hanger </Li> <Li> The Treblemakers </Li> <Li> Green Bay Packers </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> 1 : 16 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 12 . </Td> <Td> `` Convention Performance ( Promises / Problem ) '' </Td> <Td> The Barden Bellas </Td> <Td> 1 : 41 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 13 . </Td> <Td> `` Back to Basics ( Boogie Woogie Bugle Boy / You Ca n't Hurry Love / Lady Marmalade / MMMBop / My Lovin ' ( You 're Never Gonna Get It ) ) '' </Td> <Td> The Barden Bellas </Td> <Td> 1 : 30 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 14 . </Td> <Td> `` Cups ( '' When I 'm Gone `` ) ( Campfire Version ) '' </Td> <Td> The Barden Bellas </Td> <Td> 0 : 45 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 15 . </Td> <Td> `` We Belong '' </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Rebel Wilson </Li> <Li> Adam Devine </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> 3 : 34 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 16 . </Td> <Td> `` Any Way You Want It ( World Championship Medley ) '' </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Pentatonix </Li> <Li> Filharmonic </Li> <Li> The Cantasticos </Li> <Li> The Singboks </Li> <Li> Penn Masala </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> 1 : 56 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 17 . </Td> <Td> `` World Championship Finale 1 ( My Songs Know What You Did in the Dark ( Light Em Up ) / All I Do Is Win ) '' </Td> <Td> Das Sound Machine </Td> <Td> 2 : 01 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 18 . </Td> <Td> `` World Championship Finale 2 ( Run the World ( Girls ) / Where Them Girls At / Lady Marmalade / We Belong / Timber / Flashlight ) '' </Td> <Td> The Barden Bellas </Td> <Td> 4 : 16 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 19 . </Td> <Td> `` Crazy Youngsters '' </Td> <Td> Ester Dean </Td> <Td> 3 : 39 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 20 . </Td> <Td> `` Heartbreak Dream '' </Td> <Td> Betty Who </Td> <Td> 3 : 38 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 21 . </Td> <Td> `` Pitch Perfect 2 End Credit Medley '' </Td> <Td> Mark Mothersbaugh </Td> <Td> 3 : 00 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 22 . </Td> <Td> `` Flashlight '' </Td> <Td> Jessie J </Td> <Td> 3 : 29 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 23 . </Td> <Td> `` All of Me ( Bumper 's Audition ) '' </Td> <Td> Adam DeVine </Td> <Td> 1 : 27 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 24 . </Td> <Td> `` Flashlight ( Sweet Life Mix ) '' </Td> <Td> Hailee Steinfeld </Td> <Td> 2 : 58 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 25 . </Td> <Td> `` Any Way You Want It '' </Td> <Td> Pentatonix </Td> <Td> 2 : 30 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 26 . </Td> <Td> `` Flashlight ( Rebel Mix ) '' </Td> <Td> Jessie J </Td> <Td> 3 : 41 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 27 . </Td> <Td> `` Jungle '' </Td> <Td> The Barden Bellas </Td> <Td> 0 : 32 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan=\"3\"> Total length : </Td> <Td> 70 : 38 </Td> </Tr> </Table> <Dl> <Dt> Weekly charts </Dt> </Dl> <Table> <Tr> <Th> Chart ( 2015 ) </Th> <Th> Peak position </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Australian Albums ( ARIA ) </Th> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Austrian Albums ( Ö3 Austria ) </Th> <Td> 11 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Belgian Albums ( Ultratop Flanders ) </Th> <Td> 144 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Canadian Albums ( Billboard ) </Th> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> German Albums ( Offizielle Top 100 ) </Th> <Td> 1\n"
},
{
"from": "agent",
"tok_len": null,
"value": "Adam DeVine"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"tok_len": 2633,
"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nDocument:\ntiful / Wrecking Ball ) '' </Td> <Td> The Barden Bellas </Td> <Td> 2 : 27 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 3 . </Td> <Td> `` Lollipop '' </Td> <Td> The Treblemakers </Td> <Td> 2 : 43 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 4 . </Td> <Td> `` Car Show ( Uprising / Tsunami ) '' </Td> <Td> Das Sound Machine </Td> <Td> 1 : 47 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 5 . </Td> <Td> `` Winter Wonderland / Here Comes Santa Claus '' </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Snoop Dogg </Li> <Li> Anna Kendrick </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> 3 : 04 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 6 . </Td> <Td> `` Riff Off ( Thong Song / ( Shake , Shake , Shake ) Shake Your Booty / Low / Bootylicious / Baby Got Back / Live Like You Were Dying / Before He Cheats / A Thousand Miles / We Are Never Ever Getting Back Together / What 's Love Got to Do with It / This Is How We Do It / Doo Wop ( That Thing ) / Poison / Scenario / Insane in the Brain / Flashlight ) '' </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Das Sound Machine </Li> <Li> Tone Hangers </Li> <Li> The Barden Bellas </Li> <Li> Green Bay Packers </Li> <Li> The Treblemakers </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> 4 : 24 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 7 . </Td> <Td> `` Jump '' </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Das Sound Machine </Li> <Li> Tone Hanger </Li> <Li> The Treblemakers </Li> <Li> Green Bay Packers </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> 1 : 16 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 8 . </Td> <Td> `` Convention Performance ( Promises / Problem ) '' </Td> <Td> The Barden Bellas </Td> <Td> 1 : 41 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 9 . </Td> <Td> `` Back to Basics ( Boogie Woogie Bugle Boy / You Ca n't Hurry Love / Lady Marmalade / MMMBop / My Lovin ' ( You 're Never Gonna Get It ) ) '' </Td> <Td> The Barden Bellas </Td> <Td> 1 : 30 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 10 . </Td> <Td> `` Cups ( '' When I 'm Gone `` ) ( Campfire Version ) '' </Td> <Td> The Barden Bellas </Td> <Td> 0 : 45 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 11 . </Td> <Td> `` We Belong '' </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Rebel Wilson </Li> <Li> Adam DeVine </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> 3 : 34 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 12 . </Td> <Td> `` Any Way You Want It ( World Championship Medley ) '' </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Pentatonix </Li> <Li> Filharmonic </Li> <Li> The Cantasticos </Li> <Li> The Singboks </Li> <Li> Penn Masala </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> 1 : 56 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 13 . </Td> <Td> `` World Championship Finale 1 ( My Songs Know What You Did in the Dark ( Light Em Up ) / All I Do Is Win ) '' </Td> <Td> Das Sound Machine </Td> <Td> 2 : 01 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 14 . </Td> <Td> `` World Championship Finale 2 ( Run the World ( Girls ) / Where Them Girls At / Lady Marmalade / We Belong / Timber / Flashlight ) '' </Td> <Td> The Barden Bellas </Td> <Td> 4 : 16 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 15 . </Td> <Td> `` Crazy Youngsters '' </Td> <Td> Ester Dean </Td> <Td> 3 : 39 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 16 . </Td> <Td> `` Pitch Perfect 2 End Credit Medley '' </Td> <Td> Mark Mothersbaugh </Td> <Td> 3 : 00 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 17 . </Td> <Td> `` Flashlight '' </Td> <Td> Jessie J </Td> <Td> 3 : 29 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 18 . </Td> <Td> `` All of Me ( Bumper 's Audition ) '' </Td> <Td> Adam DeVine </Td> <Td> 1 : 27 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan=\"3\"> Total length : </Td> <Td> 43 : 32 </Td> </Tr> </Table> <Table> <Tr> <Th_colspan=\"4\"> ( show ) Special edition </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> No . </Th> <Th> Title </Th> <Th> Music </Th> <Th> Length </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 1 . </Td> <Td> `` Universal Fanfare '' </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Elizabeth Banks </Li> <Li> John Michael Higgins </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> 0 : 33 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 2 . </Td> <Td> `` Kennedy Center Performance ( We Got the World / Timber / America The Beautiful / Wrecking Ball ) '' </Td> <Td> The Barden Bellas </Td> <Td> 2 : 27 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 3 . </Td> <Td> `` Bang Bang '' </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Jessie J </Li> <Li> Ariana Grande </Li> <Li> Nicki Minaj </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> 3 : 19 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 4 . </Td> <Td> `` Lollipop '' </Td> <Td> The Treblemakers </Td> <Td> 2 : 43 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 5 . </Td> <Td> `` Change Your Life '' </Td> <Td> Iggy Azalea ( feat . T.I. ) </Td> <Td> 3 : 41 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 6 . </Td> <Td> `` Sunshine '' </Td> <Td> Teddybears </Td> <Td> 3 : 20 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 7 . </Td> <Td> `` Car Show ( Uprising / Tsunami ) '' </Td> <Td> Das Sound Machine </Td> <Td> 1 : 47 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 8 . </Td> <Td> `` A Different Beat '' </Td> <Td> Little Mix </Td> <Td> 3 : 27 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 9 . </Td> <Td> `` Winter Wonderland / Here Comes Santa Claus '' </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Snoop Dogg </Li> <Li> Anna Kendrick </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> 3 : 04 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 10 . </Td> <Td> `` Riff Off ( Thong Song / ( Shake , Shake , Shake ) Shake Your Booty / Low / Bootylicious / Baby Got Back / Live Like You Were Dying / Before He Cheats / A Thousand Miles / We Are Never Ever Getting Back Together / What 's Love Got to Do with It / This Is How We Do It / Doo Wop ( That Thing ) / Poison / Scenario / Insane in the Brain / Flashlight ) '' </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Das Sound Machine </Li> <Li> Tone Hangers </Li> <Li> The Barden Bellas </Li> <Li> Green Bay Packers </Li> <Li> The Treblemakers </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> 4 : 24 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 11 . </Td> <Td> `` Jump '' </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Das Sound Machine </Li> <Li> Tone Hanger </Li> <Li> The Treblemakers </Li> <Li> Green Bay Packers </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> 1 : 16 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 12 . </Td> <Td> `` Convention Performance ( Promises / Problem ) '' </Td> <Td> The Barden Bellas </Td> <Td> 1 : 41 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 13 . </Td> <Td> `` Back to Basics ( Boogie Woogie Bugle Boy / You Ca n't Hurry Love / Lady Marmalade / MMMBop / My Lovin ' (\n\nQuestion:\nwho sings the last song in pitch perfect 2\n"
},
{
"from": "agent",
"tok_len": null,
"value": "Adam DeVine"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"tok_len": 2633,
"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nQuestion:\nwho sings the last song in pitch perfect 2\n\nDocument:\ntiful / Wrecking Ball ) '' </Td> <Td> The Barden Bellas </Td> <Td> 2 : 27 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 3 . </Td> <Td> `` Lollipop '' </Td> <Td> The Treblemakers </Td> <Td> 2 : 43 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 4 . </Td> <Td> `` Car Show ( Uprising / Tsunami ) '' </Td> <Td> Das Sound Machine </Td> <Td> 1 : 47 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 5 . </Td> <Td> `` Winter Wonderland / Here Comes Santa Claus '' </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Snoop Dogg </Li> <Li> Anna Kendrick </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> 3 : 04 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 6 . </Td> <Td> `` Riff Off ( Thong Song / ( Shake , Shake , Shake ) Shake Your Booty / Low / Bootylicious / Baby Got Back / Live Like You Were Dying / Before He Cheats / A Thousand Miles / We Are Never Ever Getting Back Together / What 's Love Got to Do with It / This Is How We Do It / Doo Wop ( That Thing ) / Poison / Scenario / Insane in the Brain / Flashlight ) '' </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Das Sound Machine </Li> <Li> Tone Hangers </Li> <Li> The Barden Bellas </Li> <Li> Green Bay Packers </Li> <Li> The Treblemakers </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> 4 : 24 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 7 . </Td> <Td> `` Jump '' </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Das Sound Machine </Li> <Li> Tone Hanger </Li> <Li> The Treblemakers </Li> <Li> Green Bay Packers </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> 1 : 16 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 8 . </Td> <Td> `` Convention Performance ( Promises / Problem ) '' </Td> <Td> The Barden Bellas </Td> <Td> 1 : 41 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 9 . </Td> <Td> `` Back to Basics ( Boogie Woogie Bugle Boy / You Ca n't Hurry Love / Lady Marmalade / MMMBop / My Lovin ' ( You 're Never Gonna Get It ) ) '' </Td> <Td> The Barden Bellas </Td> <Td> 1 : 30 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 10 . </Td> <Td> `` Cups ( '' When I 'm Gone `` ) ( Campfire Version ) '' </Td> <Td> The Barden Bellas </Td> <Td> 0 : 45 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 11 . </Td> <Td> `` We Belong '' </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Rebel Wilson </Li> <Li> Adam DeVine </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> 3 : 34 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 12 . </Td> <Td> `` Any Way You Want It ( World Championship Medley ) '' </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Pentatonix </Li> <Li> Filharmonic </Li> <Li> The Cantasticos </Li> <Li> The Singboks </Li> <Li> Penn Masala </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> 1 : 56 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 13 . </Td> <Td> `` World Championship Finale 1 ( My Songs Know What You Did in the Dark ( Light Em Up ) / All I Do Is Win ) '' </Td> <Td> Das Sound Machine </Td> <Td> 2 : 01 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 14 . </Td> <Td> `` World Championship Finale 2 ( Run the World ( Girls ) / Where Them Girls At / Lady Marmalade / We Belong / Timber / Flashlight ) '' </Td> <Td> The Barden Bellas </Td> <Td> 4 : 16 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 15 . </Td> <Td> `` Crazy Youngsters '' </Td> <Td> Ester Dean </Td> <Td> 3 : 39 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 16 . </Td> <Td> `` Pitch Perfect 2 End Credit Medley '' </Td> <Td> Mark Mothersbaugh </Td> <Td> 3 : 00 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 17 . </Td> <Td> `` Flashlight '' </Td> <Td> Jessie J </Td> <Td> 3 : 29 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 18 . </Td> <Td> `` All of Me ( Bumper 's Audition ) '' </Td> <Td> Adam DeVine </Td> <Td> 1 : 27 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan=\"3\"> Total length : </Td> <Td> 43 : 32 </Td> </Tr> </Table> <Table> <Tr> <Th_colspan=\"4\"> ( show ) Special edition </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> No . </Th> <Th> Title </Th> <Th> Music </Th> <Th> Length </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 1 . </Td> <Td> `` Universal Fanfare '' </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Elizabeth Banks </Li> <Li> John Michael Higgins </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> 0 : 33 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 2 . </Td> <Td> `` Kennedy Center Performance ( We Got the World / Timber / America The Beautiful / Wrecking Ball ) '' </Td> <Td> The Barden Bellas </Td> <Td> 2 : 27 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 3 . </Td> <Td> `` Bang Bang '' </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Jessie J </Li> <Li> Ariana Grande </Li> <Li> Nicki Minaj </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> 3 : 19 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 4 . </Td> <Td> `` Lollipop '' </Td> <Td> The Treblemakers </Td> <Td> 2 : 43 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 5 . </Td> <Td> `` Change Your Life '' </Td> <Td> Iggy Azalea ( feat . T.I. ) </Td> <Td> 3 : 41 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 6 . </Td> <Td> `` Sunshine '' </Td> <Td> Teddybears </Td> <Td> 3 : 20 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 7 . </Td> <Td> `` Car Show ( Uprising / Tsunami ) '' </Td> <Td> Das Sound Machine </Td> <Td> 1 : 47 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 8 . </Td> <Td> `` A Different Beat '' </Td> <Td> Little Mix </Td> <Td> 3 : 27 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 9 . </Td> <Td> `` Winter Wonderland / Here Comes Santa Claus '' </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Snoop Dogg </Li> <Li> Anna Kendrick </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> 3 : 04 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 10 . </Td> <Td> `` Riff Off ( Thong Song / ( Shake , Shake , Shake ) Shake Your Booty / Low / Bootylicious / Baby Got Back / Live Like You Were Dying / Before He Cheats / A Thousand Miles / We Are Never Ever Getting Back Together / What 's Love Got to Do with It / This Is How We Do It / Doo Wop ( That Thing ) / Poison / Scenario / Insane in the Brain / Flashlight ) '' </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Das Sound Machine </Li> <Li> Tone Hangers </Li> <Li> The Barden Bellas </Li> <Li> Green Bay Packers </Li> <Li> The Treblemakers </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> 4 : 24 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 11 . </Td> <Td> `` Jump '' </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Das Sound Machine </Li> <Li> Tone Hanger </Li> <Li> The Treblemakers </Li> <Li> Green Bay Packers </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> 1 : 16 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 12 . </Td> <Td> `` Convention Performance ( Promises / Problem ) '' </Td> <Td> The Barden Bellas </Td> <Td> 1 : 41 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 13 . </Td> <Td> `` Back to Basics ( Boogie Woogie Bugle Boy / You Ca n't Hurry Love / Lady Marmalade / MMMBop / My Lovin ' (\n"
},
{
"from": "agent",
"tok_len": null,
"value": "Adam DeVine"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"tok_len": 2290,
"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nDocument:\n and Wilson returned to the cast early in 2014 to play the characters they originated in the first film . Brittany Snow reprised her character . On April 24 , Chrissie Fit was added to the cast . On May 1 , Hailee Steinfeld was added to the cast , playing a new member of the Barden Bellas . On May 5 , Adam DeVine was reported to return in the film . On May 14 , Katey Sagal was added to the cast , playing Steinfeld 's character 's mother . On May 29 , Flula Borg was added to the cast . He played the leader of a European a cappella group , Das Sound Machine , that competed with the Bellas . It was confirmed on June 18 , 2014 that Christopher Shepard was added to the cast . It was confirmed on June 19 , 2014 that Pentatonix would play the role of a rival group to the Barden Bellas . It was later confirmed that The Filharmonic from season 4 of The Sing Off would make a cameo appearance as a rival group from the Philippines . On August 24 , 2014 it was announced that Penn Masala , the all - male Hindi a cappella group from director Elizabeth Banks 's and producer Max Handelman 's alma mater The University of Pennsylvania , would be featured as a team from Southeast Asia . On June 25 , Birgitte Hjort Sørensen was confirmed added to the cast . </P> <H3> Filming ( edit ) </H3> <P> On May 21 , 2014 , principal photography began at Louisiana State University ( LSU ) campus in Baton Rouge . </P> <H2> Music ( edit ) </H2> <P> On December 3 , 2014 , Mark Mothersbaugh was hired to compose the music for the film . The official soundtrack was released on May 12 , 2015 . The special edition soundtrack was later released on August 8 , 2015 . </P> <P> The original album debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 , earning 107,000 album - equivalent units ( 92,000 copies of traditional sales ) in the week ending May 17 , 2015 . </P> <Table> <Tr> <Th> No . </Th> <Th> Title </Th> <Th> Music </Th> <Th> Length </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 1 . </Td> <Td> `` Universal Fanfare '' </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Elizabeth Banks </Li> <Li> John Michael Higgins </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> 0 : 33 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 2 . </Td> <Td> `` Kennedy Center Performance ( We Got the World / Timber / America The Beautiful / Wrecking Ball ) '' </Td> <Td> The Barden Bellas </Td> <Td> 2 : 27 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 3 . </Td> <Td> `` Lollipop '' </Td> <Td> The Treblemakers </Td> <Td> 2 : 43 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 4 . </Td> <Td> `` Car Show ( Uprising / Tsunami ) '' </Td> <Td> Das Sound Machine </Td> <Td> 1 : 47 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 5 . </Td> <Td> `` Winter Wonderland / Here Comes Santa Claus '' </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Snoop Dogg </Li> <Li> Anna Kendrick </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> 3 : 04 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 6 . </Td> <Td> `` Riff Off ( Thong Song / ( Shake , Shake , Shake ) Shake Your Booty / Low / Bootylicious / Baby Got Back / Live Like You Were Dying / Before He Cheats / A Thousand Miles / We Are Never Ever Getting Back Together / What 's Love Got to Do with It / This Is How We Do It / Doo Wop ( That Thing ) / Poison / Scenario / Insane in the Brain / Flashlight ) '' </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Das Sound Machine </Li> <Li> Tone Hangers </Li> <Li> The Barden Bellas </Li> <Li> Green Bay Packers </Li> <Li> The Treblemakers </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> 4 : 24 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 7 . </Td> <Td> `` Jump '' </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Das Sound Machine </Li> <Li> Tone Hanger </Li> <Li> The Treblemakers </Li> <Li> Green Bay Packers </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> 1 : 16 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 8 . </Td> <Td> `` Convention Performance ( Promises / Problem ) '' </Td> <Td> The Barden Bellas </Td> <Td> 1 : 41 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 9 . </Td> <Td> `` Back to Basics ( Boogie Woogie Bugle Boy / You Ca n't Hurry Love / Lady Marmalade / MMMBop / My Lovin ' ( You 're Never Gonna Get It ) ) '' </Td> <Td> The Barden Bellas </Td> <Td> 1 : 30 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 10 . </Td> <Td> `` Cups ( '' When I 'm Gone `` ) ( Campfire Version ) '' </Td> <Td> The Barden Bellas </Td> <Td> 0 : 45 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 11 . </Td> <Td> `` We Belong '' </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Rebel Wilson </Li> <Li> Adam DeVine </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> 3 : 34 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 12 . </Td> <Td> `` Any Way You Want It ( World Championship Medley ) '' </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Pentatonix </Li> <Li> Filharmonic </Li> <Li> The Cantasticos </Li> <Li> The Singboks </Li> <Li> Penn Masala </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> 1 : 56 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 13 . </Td> <Td> `` World Championship Finale 1 ( My Songs Know What You Did in the Dark ( Light Em Up ) / All I Do Is Win ) '' </Td> <Td> Das Sound Machine </Td> <Td> 2 : 01 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 14 . </Td> <Td> `` World Championship Finale 2 ( Run the World ( Girls ) / Where Them Girls At / Lady Marmalade / We Belong / Timber / Flashlight ) '' </Td> <Td> The Barden Bellas </Td> <Td> 4 : 16 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 15 . </Td> <Td> `` Crazy Youngsters '' </Td> <Td> Ester Dean </Td> <Td> 3 : 39 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 16 . </Td> <Td> `` Pitch Perfect 2 End Credit Medley '' </Td> <Td> Mark Mothersbaugh </Td> <Td> 3 : 00 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 17 . </Td> <Td> `` Flashlight '' </Td> <Td> Jessie J </Td> <Td> 3 : 29 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 18 . </Td> <Td> `` All of Me ( Bumper 's Audition ) '' </Td> <Td> Adam DeVine </Td> <Td> 1 : 27 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan=\"3\"> Total length : </Td> <Td> 43 : 32 </Td> </Tr> </Table> <Table> <Tr> <Th_colspan=\"4\"> ( show ) Special edition </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> No . </Th> <Th> Title </Th> <Th> Music </Th> <Th> Length </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 1 . </Td> <Td> `` Universal Fanfare '' </Td> <Td\n\nQuestion:\nwho sings the last song in pitch perfect 2\n"
},
{
"from": "agent",
"tok_len": null,
"value": "Adam DeVine"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"tok_len": 2290,
"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nQuestion:\nwho sings the last song in pitch perfect 2\n\nDocument:\n and Wilson returned to the cast early in 2014 to play the characters they originated in the first film . Brittany Snow reprised her character . On April 24 , Chrissie Fit was added to the cast . On May 1 , Hailee Steinfeld was added to the cast , playing a new member of the Barden Bellas . On May 5 , Adam DeVine was reported to return in the film . On May 14 , Katey Sagal was added to the cast , playing Steinfeld 's character 's mother . On May 29 , Flula Borg was added to the cast . He played the leader of a European a cappella group , Das Sound Machine , that competed with the Bellas . It was confirmed on June 18 , 2014 that Christopher Shepard was added to the cast . It was confirmed on June 19 , 2014 that Pentatonix would play the role of a rival group to the Barden Bellas . It was later confirmed that The Filharmonic from season 4 of The Sing Off would make a cameo appearance as a rival group from the Philippines . On August 24 , 2014 it was announced that Penn Masala , the all - male Hindi a cappella group from director Elizabeth Banks 's and producer Max Handelman 's alma mater The University of Pennsylvania , would be featured as a team from Southeast Asia . On June 25 , Birgitte Hjort Sørensen was confirmed added to the cast . </P> <H3> Filming ( edit ) </H3> <P> On May 21 , 2014 , principal photography began at Louisiana State University ( LSU ) campus in Baton Rouge . </P> <H2> Music ( edit ) </H2> <P> On December 3 , 2014 , Mark Mothersbaugh was hired to compose the music for the film . The official soundtrack was released on May 12 , 2015 . The special edition soundtrack was later released on August 8 , 2015 . </P> <P> The original album debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 , earning 107,000 album - equivalent units ( 92,000 copies of traditional sales ) in the week ending May 17 , 2015 . </P> <Table> <Tr> <Th> No . </Th> <Th> Title </Th> <Th> Music </Th> <Th> Length </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 1 . </Td> <Td> `` Universal Fanfare '' </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Elizabeth Banks </Li> <Li> John Michael Higgins </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> 0 : 33 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 2 . </Td> <Td> `` Kennedy Center Performance ( We Got the World / Timber / America The Beautiful / Wrecking Ball ) '' </Td> <Td> The Barden Bellas </Td> <Td> 2 : 27 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 3 . </Td> <Td> `` Lollipop '' </Td> <Td> The Treblemakers </Td> <Td> 2 : 43 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 4 . </Td> <Td> `` Car Show ( Uprising / Tsunami ) '' </Td> <Td> Das Sound Machine </Td> <Td> 1 : 47 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 5 . </Td> <Td> `` Winter Wonderland / Here Comes Santa Claus '' </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Snoop Dogg </Li> <Li> Anna Kendrick </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> 3 : 04 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 6 . </Td> <Td> `` Riff Off ( Thong Song / ( Shake , Shake , Shake ) Shake Your Booty / Low / Bootylicious / Baby Got Back / Live Like You Were Dying / Before He Cheats / A Thousand Miles / We Are Never Ever Getting Back Together / What 's Love Got to Do with It / This Is How We Do It / Doo Wop ( That Thing ) / Poison / Scenario / Insane in the Brain / Flashlight ) '' </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Das Sound Machine </Li> <Li> Tone Hangers </Li> <Li> The Barden Bellas </Li> <Li> Green Bay Packers </Li> <Li> The Treblemakers </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> 4 : 24 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 7 . </Td> <Td> `` Jump '' </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Das Sound Machine </Li> <Li> Tone Hanger </Li> <Li> The Treblemakers </Li> <Li> Green Bay Packers </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> 1 : 16 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 8 . </Td> <Td> `` Convention Performance ( Promises / Problem ) '' </Td> <Td> The Barden Bellas </Td> <Td> 1 : 41 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 9 . </Td> <Td> `` Back to Basics ( Boogie Woogie Bugle Boy / You Ca n't Hurry Love / Lady Marmalade / MMMBop / My Lovin ' ( You 're Never Gonna Get It ) ) '' </Td> <Td> The Barden Bellas </Td> <Td> 1 : 30 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 10 . </Td> <Td> `` Cups ( '' When I 'm Gone `` ) ( Campfire Version ) '' </Td> <Td> The Barden Bellas </Td> <Td> 0 : 45 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 11 . </Td> <Td> `` We Belong '' </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Rebel Wilson </Li> <Li> Adam DeVine </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> 3 : 34 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 12 . </Td> <Td> `` Any Way You Want It ( World Championship Medley ) '' </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Pentatonix </Li> <Li> Filharmonic </Li> <Li> The Cantasticos </Li> <Li> The Singboks </Li> <Li> Penn Masala </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> 1 : 56 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 13 . </Td> <Td> `` World Championship Finale 1 ( My Songs Know What You Did in the Dark ( Light Em Up ) / All I Do Is Win ) '' </Td> <Td> Das Sound Machine </Td> <Td> 2 : 01 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 14 . </Td> <Td> `` World Championship Finale 2 ( Run the World ( Girls ) / Where Them Girls At / Lady Marmalade / We Belong / Timber / Flashlight ) '' </Td> <Td> The Barden Bellas </Td> <Td> 4 : 16 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 15 . </Td> <Td> `` Crazy Youngsters '' </Td> <Td> Ester Dean </Td> <Td> 3 : 39 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 16 . </Td> <Td> `` Pitch Perfect 2 End Credit Medley '' </Td> <Td> Mark Mothersbaugh </Td> <Td> 3 : 00 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 17 . </Td> <Td> `` Flashlight '' </Td> <Td> Jessie J </Td> <Td> 3 : 29 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 18 . </Td> <Td> `` All of Me ( Bumper 's Audition ) '' </Td> <Td> Adam DeVine </Td> <Td> 1 : 27 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan=\"3\"> Total length : </Td> <Td> 43 : 32 </Td> </Tr> </Table> <Table> <Tr> <Th_colspan=\"4\"> ( show ) Special edition </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> No . </Th> <Th> Title </Th> <Th> Music </Th> <Th> Length </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 1 . </Td> <Td> `` Universal Fanfare '' </Td> <Td\n"
},
{
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"value": "Adam DeVine"
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[
{
"from": "human",
"tok_len": 2054,
"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nDocument:\n <Td> United Kingdom </Td> <Td> Glasgow </Td> <Td> Glasgow Airport </Td> <Td> Seasonal </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United Kingdom </Td> <Td> London </Td> <Td> Heathrow Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United Kingdom </Td> <Td> Manchester </Td> <Td> Manchester Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( Alaska ) </Td> <Td> Anchorage </Td> <Td> Ted Stevens Anchorage International Airport </Td> <Td> Seasonal </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( Arizona ) </Td> <Td> Phoenix </Td> <Td> Phoenix Sky Harbor International Airport </Td> <Td> Hub </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( Arizona ) </Td> <Td> Tucson </Td> <Td> Tucson International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( Arkansas ) </Td> <Td> Bentonville </Td> <Td> Northwest Arkansas Regional Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( California ) </Td> <Td> Fresno </Td> <Td> Fresno Yosemite International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( California ) </Td> <Td> Los Angeles </Td> <Td> Los Angeles International Airport </Td> <Td> Hub </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( California ) </Td> <Td> Oakland </Td> <Td> Oakland International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( California ) </Td> <Td> Ontario </Td> <Td> Ontario International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( California ) </Td> <Td> Palm Springs </Td> <Td> Palm Springs International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( California ) </Td> <Td> Sacramento </Td> <Td> Sacramento International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( California ) </Td> <Td> San Diego </Td> <Td> San Diego International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( California ) </Td> <Td> San Francisco </Td> <Td> San Francisco International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( California ) </Td> <Td> San Jose </Td> <Td> San Jose International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( California ) </Td> <Td> Santa Ana </Td> <Td> John Wayne Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( Colorado ) </Td> <Td> Colorado Springs </Td> <Td> Colorado Springs Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( Colorado ) </Td> <Td> Denver </Td> <Td> Denver International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( Colorado ) </Td> <Td> Hayden </Td> <Td> Yampa Valley Airport </Td> <Td> Seasonal </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( Colorado ) </Td> <Td> Montrose </Td> <Td> Montrose Regional Airport </Td> <Td> Seasonal </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( Colorado ) </Td> <Td> Vail </Td> <Td> Eagle County Regional Airport </Td> <Td> Seasonal </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( Connecticut ) </Td> <Td> Hartford </Td> <Td> Bradley International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( Connecticut ) </Td> <Td> New Haven </Td> <Td> Tweed New Haven Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( Florida ) </Td> <Td> Fort Lauderdale </Td> <Td> Fort Lauderdale -- Hollywood International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( Florida ) </Td> <Td> Fort Myers </Td> <Td> Southwest Florida International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( Florida ) </Td> <Td> Jacksonville </Td> <Td> Jacksonville International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( Florida ) </Td> <Td> Miami </Td> <Td> Miami International Airport </Td> <Td> Hub </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( Florida ) </Td> <Td> Orlando </Td> <Td> Orlando International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( Florida ) </Td> <Td> Tampa </Td> <Td> Tampa International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( Florida ) </Td> <Td> West Palm Beach </Td> <Td> Palm Beach International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( Georgia ) </Td> <Td> Atlanta </Td> <Td> Hartsfield -- Jackson Atlanta International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( Hawaii ) </Td> <Td> Honolulu </Td> <Td> Honolulu International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( Hawaii ) </Td> <Td> Kahului </Td> <Td> Kahului Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( Hawaii ) </Td> <Td> Kailu\n\nQuestion:\nwhere does american airlines fly in the uk\n"
},
{
"from": "agent",
"tok_len": null,
"value": "Manchester"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"tok_len": 2054,
"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nQuestion:\nwhere does american airlines fly in the uk\n\nDocument:\n <Td> United Kingdom </Td> <Td> Glasgow </Td> <Td> Glasgow Airport </Td> <Td> Seasonal </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United Kingdom </Td> <Td> London </Td> <Td> Heathrow Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United Kingdom </Td> <Td> Manchester </Td> <Td> Manchester Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( Alaska ) </Td> <Td> Anchorage </Td> <Td> Ted Stevens Anchorage International Airport </Td> <Td> Seasonal </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( Arizona ) </Td> <Td> Phoenix </Td> <Td> Phoenix Sky Harbor International Airport </Td> <Td> Hub </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( Arizona ) </Td> <Td> Tucson </Td> <Td> Tucson International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( Arkansas ) </Td> <Td> Bentonville </Td> <Td> Northwest Arkansas Regional Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( California ) </Td> <Td> Fresno </Td> <Td> Fresno Yosemite International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( California ) </Td> <Td> Los Angeles </Td> <Td> Los Angeles International Airport </Td> <Td> Hub </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( California ) </Td> <Td> Oakland </Td> <Td> Oakland International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( California ) </Td> <Td> Ontario </Td> <Td> Ontario International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( California ) </Td> <Td> Palm Springs </Td> <Td> Palm Springs International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( California ) </Td> <Td> Sacramento </Td> <Td> Sacramento International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( California ) </Td> <Td> San Diego </Td> <Td> San Diego International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( California ) </Td> <Td> San Francisco </Td> <Td> San Francisco International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( California ) </Td> <Td> San Jose </Td> <Td> San Jose International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( California ) </Td> <Td> Santa Ana </Td> <Td> John Wayne Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( Colorado ) </Td> <Td> Colorado Springs </Td> <Td> Colorado Springs Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( Colorado ) </Td> <Td> Denver </Td> <Td> Denver International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( Colorado ) </Td> <Td> Hayden </Td> <Td> Yampa Valley Airport </Td> <Td> Seasonal </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( Colorado ) </Td> <Td> Montrose </Td> <Td> Montrose Regional Airport </Td> <Td> Seasonal </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( Colorado ) </Td> <Td> Vail </Td> <Td> Eagle County Regional Airport </Td> <Td> Seasonal </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( Connecticut ) </Td> <Td> Hartford </Td> <Td> Bradley International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( Connecticut ) </Td> <Td> New Haven </Td> <Td> Tweed New Haven Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( Florida ) </Td> <Td> Fort Lauderdale </Td> <Td> Fort Lauderdale -- Hollywood International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( Florida ) </Td> <Td> Fort Myers </Td> <Td> Southwest Florida International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( Florida ) </Td> <Td> Jacksonville </Td> <Td> Jacksonville International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( Florida ) </Td> <Td> Miami </Td> <Td> Miami International Airport </Td> <Td> Hub </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( Florida ) </Td> <Td> Orlando </Td> <Td> Orlando International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( Florida ) </Td> <Td> Tampa </Td> <Td> Tampa International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( Florida ) </Td> <Td> West Palm Beach </Td> <Td> Palm Beach International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( Georgia ) </Td> <Td> Atlanta </Td> <Td> Hartsfield -- Jackson Atlanta International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( Hawaii ) </Td> <Td> Honolulu </Td> <Td> Honolulu International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( Hawaii ) </Td> <Td> Kahului </Td> <Td> Kahului Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( Hawaii ) </Td> <Td> Kailu\n"
},
{
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"tok_len": null,
"value": "Manchester"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"tok_len": 2137,
"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nDocument:\n <Tr> <Td> Netherlands </Td> <Td> Amsterdam </Td> <Td> Amsterdam Airport Schiphol </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> New Zealand </Td> <Td> Auckland </Td> <Td> Auckland Airport </Td> <Td> Seasonal </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Nicaragua </Td> <Td> Managua </Td> <Td> Augusto C. Sandino International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Panama </Td> <Td> Panama City </Td> <Td> Tocumen International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Peru </Td> <Td> Lima </Td> <Td> Jorge Chávez International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Portugal </Td> <Td> Lisbon </Td> <Td> Lisbon Airport </Td> <Td> Seasonal </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Puerto Rico </Td> <Td> San Juan </Td> <Td> Luis Muñoz Marín International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Saint Kitts and Nevis </Td> <Td> Basseterre </Td> <Td> Robert L. Bradshaw International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Saint Lucia </Td> <Td> Vieux Fort </Td> <Td> Hewanorra International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Saint Vincent and the Grenadines </Td> <Td> Kingstown </Td> <Td> Argyle International Airport </Td> <Td> Begins December 15 , 2018 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Sint Maarten </Td> <Td> Philipsburg </Td> <Td> Princess Juliana International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> South Korea </Td> <Td> Seoul </Td> <Td> Incheon International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Spain </Td> <Td> Barcelona </Td> <Td> Barcelona - El Prat Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Spain </Td> <Td> Madrid </Td> <Td> Adolfo Suárez Madrid -- Barajas Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Switzerland </Td> <Td> Zürich </Td> <Td> Zürich Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Trinidad and Tobago </Td> <Td> Port of Spain </Td> <Td> Piarco International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Turks and Caicos Islands </Td> <Td> Providenciales </Td> <Td> Providenciales International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United Kingdom </Td> <Td> Edinburgh </Td> <Td> Edinburgh Airport </Td> <Td> Seasonal </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United Kingdom </Td> <Td> Glasgow </Td> <Td> Glasgow Airport </Td> <Td> Seasonal </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United Kingdom </Td> <Td> London </Td> <Td> Heathrow Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United Kingdom </Td> <Td> Manchester </Td> <Td> Manchester Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( Alaska ) </Td> <Td> Anchorage </Td> <Td> Ted Stevens Anchorage International Airport </Td> <Td> Seasonal </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( Arizona ) </Td> <Td> Phoenix </Td> <Td> Phoenix Sky Harbor International Airport </Td> <Td> Hub </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( Arizona ) </Td> <Td> Tucson </Td> <Td> Tucson International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( Arkansas ) </Td> <Td> Bentonville </Td> <Td> Northwest Arkansas Regional Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( California ) </Td> <Td> Fresno </Td> <Td> Fresno Yosemite International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( California ) </Td> <Td> Los Angeles </Td> <Td> Los Angeles International Airport </Td> <Td> Hub </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( California ) </Td> <Td> Oakland </Td> <Td> Oakland International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( California ) </Td> <Td> Ontario </Td> <Td> Ontario International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( California ) </Td> <Td> Palm Springs </Td> <Td> Palm Springs International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( California ) </Td> <Td> Sacramento </Td> <Td> Sacramento International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( California ) </Td> <Td> San Diego </Td> <Td> San Diego International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( California ) </Td> <Td> San Francisco </Td> <Td> San Francisco International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( California ) </Td> <Td> San Jose </Td> <Td> San Jose International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( California ) </Td> <Td> Santa Ana </Td> <Td> John Wayne Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( Colorado ) </Td> <Td> Colorado Springs </Td> <Td> Colorado Springs Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Un\n\nQuestion:\nwhere does american airlines fly in the uk\n"
},
{
"from": "agent",
"tok_len": null,
"value": "Manchester"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"tok_len": 2137,
"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nQuestion:\nwhere does american airlines fly in the uk\n\nDocument:\n <Tr> <Td> Netherlands </Td> <Td> Amsterdam </Td> <Td> Amsterdam Airport Schiphol </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> New Zealand </Td> <Td> Auckland </Td> <Td> Auckland Airport </Td> <Td> Seasonal </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Nicaragua </Td> <Td> Managua </Td> <Td> Augusto C. Sandino International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Panama </Td> <Td> Panama City </Td> <Td> Tocumen International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Peru </Td> <Td> Lima </Td> <Td> Jorge Chávez International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Portugal </Td> <Td> Lisbon </Td> <Td> Lisbon Airport </Td> <Td> Seasonal </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Puerto Rico </Td> <Td> San Juan </Td> <Td> Luis Muñoz Marín International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Saint Kitts and Nevis </Td> <Td> Basseterre </Td> <Td> Robert L. Bradshaw International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Saint Lucia </Td> <Td> Vieux Fort </Td> <Td> Hewanorra International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Saint Vincent and the Grenadines </Td> <Td> Kingstown </Td> <Td> Argyle International Airport </Td> <Td> Begins December 15 , 2018 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Sint Maarten </Td> <Td> Philipsburg </Td> <Td> Princess Juliana International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> South Korea </Td> <Td> Seoul </Td> <Td> Incheon International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Spain </Td> <Td> Barcelona </Td> <Td> Barcelona - El Prat Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Spain </Td> <Td> Madrid </Td> <Td> Adolfo Suárez Madrid -- Barajas Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Switzerland </Td> <Td> Zürich </Td> <Td> Zürich Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Trinidad and Tobago </Td> <Td> Port of Spain </Td> <Td> Piarco International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Turks and Caicos Islands </Td> <Td> Providenciales </Td> <Td> Providenciales International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United Kingdom </Td> <Td> Edinburgh </Td> <Td> Edinburgh Airport </Td> <Td> Seasonal </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United Kingdom </Td> <Td> Glasgow </Td> <Td> Glasgow Airport </Td> <Td> Seasonal </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United Kingdom </Td> <Td> London </Td> <Td> Heathrow Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United Kingdom </Td> <Td> Manchester </Td> <Td> Manchester Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( Alaska ) </Td> <Td> Anchorage </Td> <Td> Ted Stevens Anchorage International Airport </Td> <Td> Seasonal </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( Arizona ) </Td> <Td> Phoenix </Td> <Td> Phoenix Sky Harbor International Airport </Td> <Td> Hub </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( Arizona ) </Td> <Td> Tucson </Td> <Td> Tucson International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( Arkansas ) </Td> <Td> Bentonville </Td> <Td> Northwest Arkansas Regional Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( California ) </Td> <Td> Fresno </Td> <Td> Fresno Yosemite International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( California ) </Td> <Td> Los Angeles </Td> <Td> Los Angeles International Airport </Td> <Td> Hub </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( California ) </Td> <Td> Oakland </Td> <Td> Oakland International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( California ) </Td> <Td> Ontario </Td> <Td> Ontario International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( California ) </Td> <Td> Palm Springs </Td> <Td> Palm Springs International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( California ) </Td> <Td> Sacramento </Td> <Td> Sacramento International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( California ) </Td> <Td> San Diego </Td> <Td> San Diego International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( California ) </Td> <Td> San Francisco </Td> <Td> San Francisco International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( California ) </Td> <Td> San Jose </Td> <Td> San Jose International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( California ) </Td> <Td> Santa Ana </Td> <Td> John Wayne Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States ( Colorado ) </Td> <Td> Colorado Springs </Td> <Td> Colorado Springs Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Un\n"
},
{
"from": "agent",
"tok_len": null,
"value": "Manchester"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"tok_len": 2239,
"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nDocument:\nnnon Airport </Td> <Td> Seasonal </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Italy </Td> <Td> Milan </Td> <Td> Milan -- Malpensa Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Italy </Td> <Td> Rome </Td> <Td> Leonardo da Vinci - Fiumicino Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Italy </Td> <Td> Venice </Td> <Td> Venice Marco Polo Airport </Td> <Td> Seasonal </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Jamaica </Td> <Td> Kingston </Td> <Td> Norman Manley International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Jamaica </Td> <Td> Montego Bay </Td> <Td> Sangster International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Japan </Td> <Td> Tokyo </Td> <Td> Haneda Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Japan </Td> <Td> Tokyo </Td> <Td> Narita International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Martinique </Td> <Td> Fort - de-France </Td> <Td> Martinique Aimé Césaire International Airport </Td> <Td> Seasonal </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Mexico ( Baja California del Sur ) </Td> <Td> San José del Cabo </Td> <Td> Los Cabos International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Mexico ( Distrito Federal ) </Td> <Td> Mexico City </Td> <Td> Mexico City International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Mexico ( Guerrero ) </Td> <Td> Zihuatanejo </Td> <Td> Ixtapa - Zihuatanejo International Airport </Td> <Td> Seasonal </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Mexico ( Jalisco ) </Td> <Td> Guadalajara </Td> <Td> Guadalajara International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Mexico ( Jalisco ) </Td> <Td> Puerto Vallarta </Td> <Td> Lic . Gustavo Díaz Ordaz International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Mexico ( Quintana Roo ) </Td> <Td> Cancun </Td> <Td> Cancun International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Mexico ( Quintana Roo ) </Td> <Td> Cozumel </Td> <Td> Cozumel International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Mexico ( Yucatan ) </Td> <Td> Mérida </Td> <Td> Merida International Airport </Td> <Td> Seasonal </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Netherlands </Td> <Td> Amsterdam </Td> <Td> Amsterdam Airport Schiphol </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> New Zealand </Td> <Td> Auckland </Td> <Td> Auckland Airport </Td> <Td> Seasonal </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Nicaragua </Td> <Td> Managua </Td> <Td> Augusto C. Sandino International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Panama </Td> <Td> Panama City </Td> <Td> Tocumen International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Peru </Td> <Td> Lima </Td> <Td> Jorge Chávez International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Portugal </Td> <Td> Lisbon </Td> <Td> Lisbon Airport </Td> <Td> Seasonal </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Puerto Rico </Td> <Td> San Juan </Td> <Td> Luis Muñoz Marín International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Saint Kitts and Nevis </Td> <Td> Basseterre </Td> <Td> Robert L. Bradshaw International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Saint Lucia </Td> <Td> Vieux Fort </Td> <Td> Hewanorra International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Saint Vincent and the Grenadines </Td> <Td> Kingstown </Td> <Td> Argyle International Airport </Td> <Td> Begins December 15 , 2018 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Sint Maarten </Td> <Td> Philipsburg </Td> <Td> Princess Juliana International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> South Korea </Td> <Td> Seoul </Td> <Td> Incheon International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Spain </Td> <Td> Barcelona </Td> <Td> Barcelona - El Prat Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Spain </Td> <Td> Madrid </Td> <Td> Adolfo Suárez Madrid -- Barajas Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Switzerland </Td> <Td> Zürich </Td> <Td> Zürich Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Trinidad and Tobago </Td> <Td> Port of Spain </Td> <Td> Piarco International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Turks and Caicos Islands </Td> <Td> Providenciales </Td> <Td> Providenciales International Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United Kingdom </Td> <Td> Edinburgh </Td> <Td> Edinburgh Airport </Td> <Td> Seasonal </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United Kingdom </Td> <Td> Glasgow </Td> <Td> Glasgow Airport </Td> <Td> Seasonal </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United Kingdom </Td> <Td> London </Td> <Td> Heathrow Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United Kingdom </Td> <Td> Manchester </Td> <Td> Manchester Airport </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Un\n\nQuestion:\nwhere does american airlines fly in the uk\n"
},
{
"from": "agent",
"tok_len": null,
"value": "Manchester"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"tok_len": 2239,
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"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nDocument:\n circulation ( destroying large bills received by banks ) in 1969 . As of May 30 , 2009 , only 336 $10,000 bills were known to exist ; 342 remaining $5,000 bills ; and 165,372 remaining $1,000 bills . Due to their rarity , collectors often pay considerably more than the face value of the bills to acquire them . Some are in museums in other parts of the world . </P> <P> For the most part , these bills were used by banks and the Federal government for large financial transactions . This was especially true for gold certificates from 1865 to 1934 . However , for the most part , the introduction of an electronic money system has made large - scale cash transactions obsolete . When combined with concerns about counterfeiting and the use of cash in unlawful activities such as the illegal drug trade and money laundering , it is unlikely that the U.S. government will re-issue large denomination currency in the near future , despite the amount of inflation that has occurred since 1969 ( a $100 bill is now worth less , in real terms , than a $20 bill was worth in 1969 ) . According to the U.S. Department of Treasury website , `` The present denominations of our currency in production are $1 , $2 , $5 , $10 , $20 , $50 and $100 . The purpose of the United States currency system is to serve the needs of the public and these denominations meet that goal . Neither the Department of the Treasury nor the Federal Reserve System has any plans to change the denominations in use today . '' </P> <H2> In popular culture ( edit ) </H2> <P> Before they were ' retired ' , host Monty Hall regularly tempted or teased contestants on Let 's Make a Deal with a $1,000 bill featuring Grover Cleveland . </P> <H2> High - denomination banknote issuing data ( edit ) </H2> <Table> Key to high denomination banknote type abbreviations <Tr> <Th> Abbr </Th> <Th> Type </Th> <Th> Size </Th> <Th> Series dates </Th> <Th_colspan=\"5\"> High denomination series date </Th> <Th> Comments </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> $500 </Th> <Th> $1,000 </Th> <Th> $5,000 </Th> <Th> $10,000 </Th> <Th> $100,000 </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> LT </Th> <Td> Legal tender </Td> <Td> Large </Td> <Td> 1862 -- 1923 </Td> <Td> 1862 1863 1869 1874 1875 1878 1880 </Td> <Td> 1862 1863 1869 1878 1880 </Td> <Td> 1878 </Td> <Td> 1878 </Td> <Td> -- </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> CITN </Th> <Td> Compound interest treasury note </Td> <Td> Exception </Td> <Td> 1863 -- 1864 </Td> <Td> 1863 1864 </Td> <Td> 1864 </Td> <Td> -- </Td> <Td> -- </Td> <Td> -- </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> IBN </Th> <Td> Interest bearing note </Td> <Td> Exception </Td> <Td> 1861 -- 1865 </Td> <Td> 1861 1863 1864 1865 </Td> <Td> 1861 1863 1864 1865 </Td> <Td> 1861 1863 1864 1865 </Td> <Td> -- </Td> <Td> -- </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> SC </Th> <Td> Silver certificate </Td> <Td> Large </Td> <Td> 1878 -- 1923 </Td> <Td> 1878 1880 </Td> <Td> 1878 1880 1891 </Td> <Td> -- </Td> <Td> -- </Td> <Td> -- </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> TN </Th> <Td> Treasury note </Td> <Td> Large </Td> <Td> 1890 -- 1891 </Td> <Td> 1891 </Td> <Td> 1890 1891 </Td> <Td> -- </Td> <Td> -- </Td> <Td> -- </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> NBN </Th> <Td> National bank note </Td> <Td> Large </Td> <Td> 1865 -- 1875 </Td> <Td> 1865 1875 </Td> <Td> 1865 1875 </Td> <Td> -- </Td> <Td> -- </Td> <Td> -- </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> FRN </Th> <Td> Federal reserve note </Td> <Td> Large </Td> <Td> 1914 -- 1918 </Td> <Td> 1918 </Td> <Td> 1918 </Td> <Td> 1918 </Td> <Td> 1918 </Td> <Td> -- </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> NGBN </Th> <Td> National gold bank note </Td> <Td> Large </Td> <Td> 1870 -- 1883 </Td> <Td> 1870 </Td> <Td> -- </Td> <Td> -- </Td> <Td> -- </Td> <Td> -- </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> GC </Th> <Td> Gold certificate </Td> <Td> Large </Td> <Td> 1865 -- 1922 </Td> <Td> 1865 1870 1875 1882 1922 </Td> <Td> 1865 1870 1875 1882 1907 1922 </Td> <Td> 1865 1870 1882 1888 </Td> <Td> 1865 1870 1875 1882 1888 1900 </Td> <Td> -- </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> FRN </Th> <Td> Federal reserve note </Td> <Td> Small </Td> <Td> 1928 -- present </Td> <Td> 1928 1934 </Td> <Td> 1928 1934 </Td> <Td> 1928 1934 </Td> <Td> 1928 1934 </Td> <Td> -- </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> GC </Th> <Td> Gold certificate </Td> <Td> Small </Td> <Td> 1928 -- 1934 </Td> <Td> 1928 </Td> <Td> 1928 1934 </Td> <Td> 1928 </Td> <Td> 1928 1934 </Td> <Td> 1934 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> </Table> <H2> High - denomination United States banknotes ( edit ) </H2> <P> The National Numismatic Collection at the Smithsonian Institution contains ( among other things ) the Bureau of Engraving and Pr\n\nQuestion:\nwhen did they stop using 1000 dollar bills\n"
},
{
"from": "agent",
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"value": "1969"
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[
{
"from": "human",
"tok_len": 2287,
"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nQuestion:\nwhen did they stop using 1000 dollar bills\n\nDocument:\n circulation ( destroying large bills received by banks ) in 1969 . As of May 30 , 2009 , only 336 $10,000 bills were known to exist ; 342 remaining $5,000 bills ; and 165,372 remaining $1,000 bills . Due to their rarity , collectors often pay considerably more than the face value of the bills to acquire them . Some are in museums in other parts of the world . </P> <P> For the most part , these bills were used by banks and the Federal government for large financial transactions . This was especially true for gold certificates from 1865 to 1934 . However , for the most part , the introduction of an electronic money system has made large - scale cash transactions obsolete . When combined with concerns about counterfeiting and the use of cash in unlawful activities such as the illegal drug trade and money laundering , it is unlikely that the U.S. government will re-issue large denomination currency in the near future , despite the amount of inflation that has occurred since 1969 ( a $100 bill is now worth less , in real terms , than a $20 bill was worth in 1969 ) . According to the U.S. Department of Treasury website , `` The present denominations of our currency in production are $1 , $2 , $5 , $10 , $20 , $50 and $100 . The purpose of the United States currency system is to serve the needs of the public and these denominations meet that goal . Neither the Department of the Treasury nor the Federal Reserve System has any plans to change the denominations in use today . '' </P> <H2> In popular culture ( edit ) </H2> <P> Before they were ' retired ' , host Monty Hall regularly tempted or teased contestants on Let 's Make a Deal with a $1,000 bill featuring Grover Cleveland . </P> <H2> High - denomination banknote issuing data ( edit ) </H2> <Table> Key to high denomination banknote type abbreviations <Tr> <Th> Abbr </Th> <Th> Type </Th> <Th> Size </Th> <Th> Series dates </Th> <Th_colspan=\"5\"> High denomination series date </Th> <Th> Comments </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> $500 </Th> <Th> $1,000 </Th> <Th> $5,000 </Th> <Th> $10,000 </Th> <Th> $100,000 </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> LT </Th> <Td> Legal tender </Td> <Td> Large </Td> <Td> 1862 -- 1923 </Td> <Td> 1862 1863 1869 1874 1875 1878 1880 </Td> <Td> 1862 1863 1869 1878 1880 </Td> <Td> 1878 </Td> <Td> 1878 </Td> <Td> -- </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> CITN </Th> <Td> Compound interest treasury note </Td> <Td> Exception </Td> <Td> 1863 -- 1864 </Td> <Td> 1863 1864 </Td> <Td> 1864 </Td> <Td> -- </Td> <Td> -- </Td> <Td> -- </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> IBN </Th> <Td> Interest bearing note </Td> <Td> Exception </Td> <Td> 1861 -- 1865 </Td> <Td> 1861 1863 1864 1865 </Td> <Td> 1861 1863 1864 1865 </Td> <Td> 1861 1863 1864 1865 </Td> <Td> -- </Td> <Td> -- </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> SC </Th> <Td> Silver certificate </Td> <Td> Large </Td> <Td> 1878 -- 1923 </Td> <Td> 1878 1880 </Td> <Td> 1878 1880 1891 </Td> <Td> -- </Td> <Td> -- </Td> <Td> -- </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> TN </Th> <Td> Treasury note </Td> <Td> Large </Td> <Td> 1890 -- 1891 </Td> <Td> 1891 </Td> <Td> 1890 1891 </Td> <Td> -- </Td> <Td> -- </Td> <Td> -- </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> NBN </Th> <Td> National bank note </Td> <Td> Large </Td> <Td> 1865 -- 1875 </Td> <Td> 1865 1875 </Td> <Td> 1865 1875 </Td> <Td> -- </Td> <Td> -- </Td> <Td> -- </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> FRN </Th> <Td> Federal reserve note </Td> <Td> Large </Td> <Td> 1914 -- 1918 </Td> <Td> 1918 </Td> <Td> 1918 </Td> <Td> 1918 </Td> <Td> 1918 </Td> <Td> -- </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> NGBN </Th> <Td> National gold bank note </Td> <Td> Large </Td> <Td> 1870 -- 1883 </Td> <Td> 1870 </Td> <Td> -- </Td> <Td> -- </Td> <Td> -- </Td> <Td> -- </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> GC </Th> <Td> Gold certificate </Td> <Td> Large </Td> <Td> 1865 -- 1922 </Td> <Td> 1865 1870 1875 1882 1922 </Td> <Td> 1865 1870 1875 1882 1907 1922 </Td> <Td> 1865 1870 1882 1888 </Td> <Td> 1865 1870 1875 1882 1888 1900 </Td> <Td> -- </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> FRN </Th> <Td> Federal reserve note </Td> <Td> Small </Td> <Td> 1928 -- present </Td> <Td> 1928 1934 </Td> <Td> 1928 1934 </Td> <Td> 1928 1934 </Td> <Td> 1928 1934 </Td> <Td> -- </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> GC </Th> <Td> Gold certificate </Td> <Td> Small </Td> <Td> 1928 -- 1934 </Td> <Td> 1928 </Td> <Td> 1928 1934 </Td> <Td> 1928 </Td> <Td> 1928 1934 </Td> <Td> 1934 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> </Table> <H2> High - denomination United States banknotes ( edit ) </H2> <P> The National Numismatic Collection at the Smithsonian Institution contains ( among other things ) the Bureau of Engraving and Pr\n"
},
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"value": "1969"
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[
{
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"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nDocument:\nLarge denominations of United States currency - wikipedia <H1> Large denominations of United States currency </H1> <Table> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> This article needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . ( February 2016 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> Large denominations of United States currency greater than $100 were circulated by the United States Treasury until 1969 . Since then , U.S. dollar banknotes have only been issued in seven denominations : $1 , $2 , $5 , $10 , $20 , $50 , and $100 . </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Overview and history </Li> <Li> 2 Public versus institutional use </Li> <Li> 3 Passive retirement </Li> <Li> 4 In popular culture </Li> <Li> 5 High - denomination banknote issuing data </Li> <Li> 6 High - denomination United States banknotes </Li> <Li> 7 See also </Li> <Li> 8 References <Ul> <Li> 8.1 Footnotes </Li> <Li> 8.2 Notes </Li> <Li> 8.3 Bibliography </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 9 External links </Li> </Ul> <H2> Overview and history ( edit ) </H2> <P> Large - denomination currency ( i.e. , banknotes with a face value of $500 or higher ) had been used in the United States since the late 18th century . The first $500 note was issued by the Province of North Carolina , authorized by legislation dated May 10 , 1780 . Virginia quickly followed suit and authorized the printing of $500 and $1,000 notes on October 16 , 1780 and $2,000 notes on May 7 , 1781 . High - denomination treasury notes were issued , for example during the War of 1812 ( $1,000 notes authorized by an act dated June 30 , 1812 ) . During the American Civil War Confederate currency included $500 and $1,000 notes . During the Federal banknote issuing period ( 1861 to present ) , the earliest high - denomination notes included three - year Interest - bearing notes of $500 , $1,000 , and $5,000 , authorized by Congress on July 17 , 1861 . In total , 11 different types of U.S. currency were issued in high - denomination notes across nearly 20 different series dates . The obverse of United States banknotes generally depict either historical figures , allegorical figures symbolizing significant concepts ( e.g. , liberty , justice ) , or a combination of both . The reverse designs range from abstract scroll - work with ornate denomination identifiers to reproductions of historical art works . </P> <H2> Public versus institutional use ( edit ) </H2> <P> Series 1934 gold certificates ( $100 , $1,000 , $10,000 and $100,000 ) were issued after the gold standard was repealed and gold was compulsorily confiscated by order of President Franklin Roosevelt on March 9 , 1933 ( see United States Executive Order 6102 ) . Thus the series 1934 notes were used only for intragovernmental ( i.e. , Federal Reserve Bank ) transactions and were not issued to the public . This series was discontinued in 1940 . The series 1928 gold certificate reverse was printed in black and green . See history of the United States dollar . </P> <H2> Passive retirement ( edit ) </H2> <P> Although they are still technically legal tender in the United States , high - denomination bills were last printed on December 27 , 1945 , and officially discontinued on July 14 , 1969 , by the Federal Reserve System , due to ' lack of use ' . The $5,000 and $10,000 effectively disappeared well before then . </P> <P> The Federal Reserve began taking high - denomination currency out of circulation ( destroying large bills received by banks ) in 1969 . As of May 30 , 2009 , only 336 $10,000 bills were known to exist ; 342 remaining $5,000 bills ; and 165,372 remaining $1,000 bills . Due to their rarity , collectors often pay considerably more than the face value of the bills to acquire them . Some are in museums in other parts of the world . </P> <P> For the most part , these bills were used by banks and the Federal government for large financial transactions . This was especially true for gold certificates from 1865 to 1934 . However , for the most part , the introduction of an electronic money system has made large - scale cash transactions obsolete . When combined with concerns about counterfeiting and the use of cash in unlawful activities such as the illegal drug trade and money laundering , it is unlikely that the U.S. government will re-issue large denomination currency in the near future , despite the amount of inflation that has occurred since 1969 ( a $100 bill is now worth \n\nQuestion:\nwhen did they stop using 1000 dollar bills\n"
},
{
"from": "agent",
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"value": "1969"
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"from": "human",
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"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nQuestion:\nwhen did they stop using 1000 dollar bills\n\nDocument:\nLarge denominations of United States currency - wikipedia <H1> Large denominations of United States currency </H1> <Table> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> This article needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . ( February 2016 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> Large denominations of United States currency greater than $100 were circulated by the United States Treasury until 1969 . Since then , U.S. dollar banknotes have only been issued in seven denominations : $1 , $2 , $5 , $10 , $20 , $50 , and $100 . </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Overview and history </Li> <Li> 2 Public versus institutional use </Li> <Li> 3 Passive retirement </Li> <Li> 4 In popular culture </Li> <Li> 5 High - denomination banknote issuing data </Li> <Li> 6 High - denomination United States banknotes </Li> <Li> 7 See also </Li> <Li> 8 References <Ul> <Li> 8.1 Footnotes </Li> <Li> 8.2 Notes </Li> <Li> 8.3 Bibliography </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 9 External links </Li> </Ul> <H2> Overview and history ( edit ) </H2> <P> Large - denomination currency ( i.e. , banknotes with a face value of $500 or higher ) had been used in the United States since the late 18th century . The first $500 note was issued by the Province of North Carolina , authorized by legislation dated May 10 , 1780 . Virginia quickly followed suit and authorized the printing of $500 and $1,000 notes on October 16 , 1780 and $2,000 notes on May 7 , 1781 . High - denomination treasury notes were issued , for example during the War of 1812 ( $1,000 notes authorized by an act dated June 30 , 1812 ) . During the American Civil War Confederate currency included $500 and $1,000 notes . During the Federal banknote issuing period ( 1861 to present ) , the earliest high - denomination notes included three - year Interest - bearing notes of $500 , $1,000 , and $5,000 , authorized by Congress on July 17 , 1861 . In total , 11 different types of U.S. currency were issued in high - denomination notes across nearly 20 different series dates . The obverse of United States banknotes generally depict either historical figures , allegorical figures symbolizing significant concepts ( e.g. , liberty , justice ) , or a combination of both . The reverse designs range from abstract scroll - work with ornate denomination identifiers to reproductions of historical art works . </P> <H2> Public versus institutional use ( edit ) </H2> <P> Series 1934 gold certificates ( $100 , $1,000 , $10,000 and $100,000 ) were issued after the gold standard was repealed and gold was compulsorily confiscated by order of President Franklin Roosevelt on March 9 , 1933 ( see United States Executive Order 6102 ) . Thus the series 1934 notes were used only for intragovernmental ( i.e. , Federal Reserve Bank ) transactions and were not issued to the public . This series was discontinued in 1940 . The series 1928 gold certificate reverse was printed in black and green . See history of the United States dollar . </P> <H2> Passive retirement ( edit ) </H2> <P> Although they are still technically legal tender in the United States , high - denomination bills were last printed on December 27 , 1945 , and officially discontinued on July 14 , 1969 , by the Federal Reserve System , due to ' lack of use ' . The $5,000 and $10,000 effectively disappeared well before then . </P> <P> The Federal Reserve began taking high - denomination currency out of circulation ( destroying large bills received by banks ) in 1969 . As of May 30 , 2009 , only 336 $10,000 bills were known to exist ; 342 remaining $5,000 bills ; and 165,372 remaining $1,000 bills . Due to their rarity , collectors often pay considerably more than the face value of the bills to acquire them . Some are in museums in other parts of the world . </P> <P> For the most part , these bills were used by banks and the Federal government for large financial transactions . This was especially true for gold certificates from 1865 to 1934 . However , for the most part , the introduction of an electronic money system has made large - scale cash transactions obsolete . When combined with concerns about counterfeiting and the use of cash in unlawful activities such as the illegal drug trade and money laundering , it is unlikely that the U.S. government will re-issue large denomination currency in the near future , despite the amount of inflation that has occurred since 1969 ( a $100 bill is now worth \n"
},
{
"from": "agent",
"tok_len": null,
"value": "1969"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"tok_len": 1408,
"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nDocument:\nLarge denominations of United States currency - wikipedia <H1> Large denominations of United States currency </H1> <Table> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> This article needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . ( February 2016 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> Large denominations of United States currency greater than $100 were circulated by the United States Treasury until 1969 . Since then , U.S. dollar banknotes have only been issued in seven denominations : $1 , $2 , $5 , $10 , $20 , $50 , and $100 . </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Overview and history </Li> <Li> 2 Public versus institutional use </Li> <Li> 3 Passive retirement </Li> <Li> 4 In popular culture </Li> <Li> 5 High - denomination banknote issuing data </Li> <Li> 6 High - denomination United States banknotes </Li> <Li> 7 See also </Li> <Li> 8 References <Ul> <Li> 8.1 Footnotes </Li> <Li> 8.2 Notes </Li> <Li> 8.3 Bibliography </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 9 External links </Li> </Ul> <H2> Overview and history ( edit ) </H2> <P> Large - denomination currency ( i.e. , banknotes with a face value of $500 or higher ) had been used in the United States since the late 18th century . The first $500 note was issued by the Province of North Carolina , authorized by legislation dated May 10 , 1780 . Virginia quickly followed suit and authorized the printing of $500 and $1,000 notes on October 16 , 1780 and $2,000 notes on May 7 , 1781 . High - denomination treasury notes were issued , for example during the War of 1812 ( $1,000 notes authorized by an act dated June 30 , 1812 ) . During the American Civil War Confederate currency included $500 and $1,000 notes . During the Federal banknote issuing period ( 1861 to present ) , the earliest high - denomination notes included three - year Interest - bearing notes of $500 , $1,000 , and $5,000 , authorized by Congress on July 17 , 1861 . In total , 11 different types of U.S. currency were issued in high - denomination notes across nearly 20 different series dates . The obverse of United States banknotes generally depict either historical figures , allegorical figures symbolizing significant concepts ( e.g. , liberty , justice ) , or a combination of both . The reverse designs range from abstract scroll - work with ornate denomination identifiers to reproductions of historical art works . </P> <H2> Public versus institutional use ( edit ) </H2> <P> Series 1934 gold certificates ( $100 , $1,000 , $10,000 and $100,000 ) were issued after the gold standard was repealed and gold was compulsorily confiscated by order of President Franklin Roosevelt on March 9 , 1933 ( see United States Executive Order 6102 ) . Thus the series 1934 notes were used only for intragovernmental ( i.e. , Federal Reserve Bank ) transactions and were not issued to the public . This series was discontinued in 1940 . The series 1928 gold certificate reverse was printed in black and green . See history of the United States dollar . </P> <H2> Passive retirement ( edit ) </H2> <P> Although they are still technically legal tender in the United States , high - denomination bills were last printed on December 27 , 1945 , and officially discontinued on July 14 , 1969 , by the Federal Reserve System , due to ' lack of use ' . The $5,000 and $10,000 effectively disappeared well before then . </P> <P> The Federal Reserve began taking high - denomination currency out of circulation ( destroying large bills received by banks ) in 1969 . As of May 30 , 2009 , only 336 $10,000 bills were known to exist ; 342 remaining $5,000 bills ; and 165,372 remaining $1,000 bills . Due to their rarity , collectors often pay considerably more than the face value of the bills to acquire them . Some are in museums in other parts of the world . </P> <P> For the most part , these bills were used by banks and the Federal government for large financial transactions . This was especially true for gold certificates from 1865 to 1934 . However , for the most part , the introduction of an electronic money system has made large - scale cash transactions obsolete . When combined with concerns about counterfeiting and the use of cash in unlawful activities such as the illegal drug trade and money laundering , it is unlikely that the U.S. government will re-issue large denomination currency in the near future , despite the amount of inflation that has occurred since 1969 ( a $100 bill is now worth \n\nQuestion:\nwhen did they stop using 1000 dollar bills\n"
},
{
"from": "agent",
"tok_len": null,
"value": "1969"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"tok_len": 1408,
"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nQuestion:\nwhen did they stop using 1000 dollar bills\n\nDocument:\nLarge denominations of United States currency - wikipedia <H1> Large denominations of United States currency </H1> <Table> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> This article needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . ( February 2016 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> Large denominations of United States currency greater than $100 were circulated by the United States Treasury until 1969 . Since then , U.S. dollar banknotes have only been issued in seven denominations : $1 , $2 , $5 , $10 , $20 , $50 , and $100 . </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Overview and history </Li> <Li> 2 Public versus institutional use </Li> <Li> 3 Passive retirement </Li> <Li> 4 In popular culture </Li> <Li> 5 High - denomination banknote issuing data </Li> <Li> 6 High - denomination United States banknotes </Li> <Li> 7 See also </Li> <Li> 8 References <Ul> <Li> 8.1 Footnotes </Li> <Li> 8.2 Notes </Li> <Li> 8.3 Bibliography </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 9 External links </Li> </Ul> <H2> Overview and history ( edit ) </H2> <P> Large - denomination currency ( i.e. , banknotes with a face value of $500 or higher ) had been used in the United States since the late 18th century . The first $500 note was issued by the Province of North Carolina , authorized by legislation dated May 10 , 1780 . Virginia quickly followed suit and authorized the printing of $500 and $1,000 notes on October 16 , 1780 and $2,000 notes on May 7 , 1781 . High - denomination treasury notes were issued , for example during the War of 1812 ( $1,000 notes authorized by an act dated June 30 , 1812 ) . During the American Civil War Confederate currency included $500 and $1,000 notes . During the Federal banknote issuing period ( 1861 to present ) , the earliest high - denomination notes included three - year Interest - bearing notes of $500 , $1,000 , and $5,000 , authorized by Congress on July 17 , 1861 . In total , 11 different types of U.S. currency were issued in high - denomination notes across nearly 20 different series dates . The obverse of United States banknotes generally depict either historical figures , allegorical figures symbolizing significant concepts ( e.g. , liberty , justice ) , or a combination of both . The reverse designs range from abstract scroll - work with ornate denomination identifiers to reproductions of historical art works . </P> <H2> Public versus institutional use ( edit ) </H2> <P> Series 1934 gold certificates ( $100 , $1,000 , $10,000 and $100,000 ) were issued after the gold standard was repealed and gold was compulsorily confiscated by order of President Franklin Roosevelt on March 9 , 1933 ( see United States Executive Order 6102 ) . Thus the series 1934 notes were used only for intragovernmental ( i.e. , Federal Reserve Bank ) transactions and were not issued to the public . This series was discontinued in 1940 . The series 1928 gold certificate reverse was printed in black and green . See history of the United States dollar . </P> <H2> Passive retirement ( edit ) </H2> <P> Although they are still technically legal tender in the United States , high - denomination bills were last printed on December 27 , 1945 , and officially discontinued on July 14 , 1969 , by the Federal Reserve System , due to ' lack of use ' . The $5,000 and $10,000 effectively disappeared well before then . </P> <P> The Federal Reserve began taking high - denomination currency out of circulation ( destroying large bills received by banks ) in 1969 . As of May 30 , 2009 , only 336 $10,000 bills were known to exist ; 342 remaining $5,000 bills ; and 165,372 remaining $1,000 bills . Due to their rarity , collectors often pay considerably more than the face value of the bills to acquire them . Some are in museums in other parts of the world . </P> <P> For the most part , these bills were used by banks and the Federal government for large financial transactions . This was especially true for gold certificates from 1865 to 1934 . However , for the most part , the introduction of an electronic money system has made large - scale cash transactions obsolete . When combined with concerns about counterfeiting and the use of cash in unlawful activities such as the illegal drug trade and money laundering , it is unlikely that the U.S. government will re-issue large denomination currency in the near future , despite the amount of inflation that has occurred since 1969 ( a $100 bill is now worth \n"
},
{
"from": "agent",
"tok_len": null,
"value": "1969"
}
] |
[
{
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"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nDocument:\n5 . Topping and Webb forced MacPhail out of the Yankees ownership group due to his confrontational behavior after the 1947 World Series . In 1964 , Topping and Webb sold the team to CBS , during which time the franchise struggled . Selling the team at a loss , CBS sold the team to a group headed by George Steinbrenner in 1973 . While Steinbrenner initially owned less than half of the team , he bought out many of his partners , eventually owning 70 % of the team . John McMullen , one of Steinbrenner 's limited partners , said , `` There is nothing in life quite so limited as being a limited partner of George Steinbrenner . '' </P> <P> Under Steinbrenner 's ownership , YankeeNets was formed after a merger of the business operations of the Yankees and New Jersey Nets . After the Nets were sold to Bruce Ratner , YankeeNets became a limited liability company ( LLC ) known as Yankee Global Enterprises . The LLC owns the Yankees and the YES Network . Hal Steinbrenner succeeded his father as control person of the Yankees in 2008 . </P> <Table> Key <Tr> <Th> </Th> <Td> Member of the Baseball Hall of Fame </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> </Th> <Td> Co-owners </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Tenure </Th> <Td> Tenure refers to MLB seasons , not necessarily dates hired and fired </Td> </Tr> </Table> <Table> List of team owners , showing tenure of service <Tr> <Th> Name </Th> <Th> Tenure </Th> <Th> Ref ( s ) </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> McGraw , John John McGraw </Th> <Td> 1901 -- 1902 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Devery , William S. William S. Devery </Th> <Td> 1903 -- 1915 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Farrell , Frank J. Frank J. Farrell </Th> <Td> 1903 -- 1915 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> L'Hommedieu Huston , Tillinghast Tillinghast L'Hommedieu Huston </Th> <Td> 1915 -- 1922 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Ruppert , Jacob Jacob Ruppert </Th> <Td> 1915 -- 1939 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Ruppert , Jacob Jacob Ruppert Estate </Th> <Td> 1939 -- 1945 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> MacPhail , Larry Larry MacPhail </Th> <Td> 1945 -- 1947 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Topping , Dan Dan Topping </Th> <Td> 1945 -- 1964 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Webb , Del Del Webb </Th> <Td> 1945 -- 1964 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Columbia Broadcasting System </Th> <Td> 1964 -- 1973 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Steinbrenner , George George Steinbrenner </Th> <Td> 1973 -- 2010 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Steinbrenner , Hal Hal Steinbrenner </Th> <Td> 2008 -- present </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Steinbrenner , Hank Hank Steinbrenner </Th> <Td> 2008 -- present </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> </Table> <H2> General managers ( edit ) </H2> Ed Barrow 's plaque in Monument Park Gabe Paul was general manager of the Yankees during the 1977 World Series . Lou Piniella served as field manager and general manager in 1988 . <P> Four Yankees GMs are enshrined in the National Baseball Hall of Fame : Ed Barrow , George Weiss , Larry MacPhail , and his son , Lee MacPhail . Ralph Houk , Gene Michael , Lou Piniella , and Bob Watson were former Yankees players . Houk , Michael and Piniella served as field managers for the Yankees before becoming GM . </P> <Table> List of general managers , showing tenure <Tr> <Th> Name </Th> <Th> Tenure </Th> <Th> Ref ( s ) </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Barrow , Ed Ed Barrow </Th> <Td> 1921 -- 1944 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> MacPhail , Larry Larry MacPhail </Th> <Td> 1945 -- 1947 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Weiss , George George Weiss </Th> <Td> 1948 -- 1960 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Hamey , Roy Roy Hamey </Th> <Td> 1961 -- 1963 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Houk , Ralph Ralph Houk </Th> <Td> 1964 -- 1966 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Topping , Jr. , Dan Dan Topping , Jr . </Th> <Td> 1966 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> MacPhail , Lee Lee MacPhail </Th> <Td> 1967 -- 1973 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Paul , Gabe Gabe Paul </Th> <Td> 1974 -- 1977 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Tallis , Cedric Cedric Tallis </Th> <Td> 1978 -- 1979 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Michael , Gene Gene Michael </Th> <Td> 1980 -- 1981 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Bergesch , Bill Bill Bergesch </Th> <Td> 1982 -- 1983 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Cook , Murray Murray Cook </Th> <Td> 1984 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> King , Clyde Clyde King </Th> <Td> 1985 -- 1986 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Woodward , Woody Woody Woodward </Th> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Piniella , Lou Lou Piniella </Th> <Td> 1988 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Quinn , Bob Bob Quinn </Th> <Td> 1988 -- 1989 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Peterson , Harding `` Pete '' Harding `` Pete '' Peterson </Th> <Td> 1990 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Michael , Gene Gene Michael </Th> <Td> 1991 -- 1995 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th\n\nQuestion:\nwhat percentage of the yankees do the steinbrenners own\n"
},
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"from": "agent",
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"value": "70 %"
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[
{
"from": "human",
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"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nQuestion:\nwhat percentage of the yankees do the steinbrenners own\n\nDocument:\n5 . Topping and Webb forced MacPhail out of the Yankees ownership group due to his confrontational behavior after the 1947 World Series . In 1964 , Topping and Webb sold the team to CBS , during which time the franchise struggled . Selling the team at a loss , CBS sold the team to a group headed by George Steinbrenner in 1973 . While Steinbrenner initially owned less than half of the team , he bought out many of his partners , eventually owning 70 % of the team . John McMullen , one of Steinbrenner 's limited partners , said , `` There is nothing in life quite so limited as being a limited partner of George Steinbrenner . '' </P> <P> Under Steinbrenner 's ownership , YankeeNets was formed after a merger of the business operations of the Yankees and New Jersey Nets . After the Nets were sold to Bruce Ratner , YankeeNets became a limited liability company ( LLC ) known as Yankee Global Enterprises . The LLC owns the Yankees and the YES Network . Hal Steinbrenner succeeded his father as control person of the Yankees in 2008 . </P> <Table> Key <Tr> <Th> </Th> <Td> Member of the Baseball Hall of Fame </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> </Th> <Td> Co-owners </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Tenure </Th> <Td> Tenure refers to MLB seasons , not necessarily dates hired and fired </Td> </Tr> </Table> <Table> List of team owners , showing tenure of service <Tr> <Th> Name </Th> <Th> Tenure </Th> <Th> Ref ( s ) </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> McGraw , John John McGraw </Th> <Td> 1901 -- 1902 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Devery , William S. William S. Devery </Th> <Td> 1903 -- 1915 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Farrell , Frank J. Frank J. Farrell </Th> <Td> 1903 -- 1915 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> L'Hommedieu Huston , Tillinghast Tillinghast L'Hommedieu Huston </Th> <Td> 1915 -- 1922 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Ruppert , Jacob Jacob Ruppert </Th> <Td> 1915 -- 1939 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Ruppert , Jacob Jacob Ruppert Estate </Th> <Td> 1939 -- 1945 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> MacPhail , Larry Larry MacPhail </Th> <Td> 1945 -- 1947 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Topping , Dan Dan Topping </Th> <Td> 1945 -- 1964 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Webb , Del Del Webb </Th> <Td> 1945 -- 1964 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Columbia Broadcasting System </Th> <Td> 1964 -- 1973 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Steinbrenner , George George Steinbrenner </Th> <Td> 1973 -- 2010 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Steinbrenner , Hal Hal Steinbrenner </Th> <Td> 2008 -- present </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Steinbrenner , Hank Hank Steinbrenner </Th> <Td> 2008 -- present </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> </Table> <H2> General managers ( edit ) </H2> Ed Barrow 's plaque in Monument Park Gabe Paul was general manager of the Yankees during the 1977 World Series . Lou Piniella served as field manager and general manager in 1988 . <P> Four Yankees GMs are enshrined in the National Baseball Hall of Fame : Ed Barrow , George Weiss , Larry MacPhail , and his son , Lee MacPhail . Ralph Houk , Gene Michael , Lou Piniella , and Bob Watson were former Yankees players . Houk , Michael and Piniella served as field managers for the Yankees before becoming GM . </P> <Table> List of general managers , showing tenure <Tr> <Th> Name </Th> <Th> Tenure </Th> <Th> Ref ( s ) </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Barrow , Ed Ed Barrow </Th> <Td> 1921 -- 1944 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> MacPhail , Larry Larry MacPhail </Th> <Td> 1945 -- 1947 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Weiss , George George Weiss </Th> <Td> 1948 -- 1960 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Hamey , Roy Roy Hamey </Th> <Td> 1961 -- 1963 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Houk , Ralph Ralph Houk </Th> <Td> 1964 -- 1966 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Topping , Jr. , Dan Dan Topping , Jr . </Th> <Td> 1966 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> MacPhail , Lee Lee MacPhail </Th> <Td> 1967 -- 1973 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Paul , Gabe Gabe Paul </Th> <Td> 1974 -- 1977 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Tallis , Cedric Cedric Tallis </Th> <Td> 1978 -- 1979 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Michael , Gene Gene Michael </Th> <Td> 1980 -- 1981 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Bergesch , Bill Bill Bergesch </Th> <Td> 1982 -- 1983 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Cook , Murray Murray Cook </Th> <Td> 1984 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> King , Clyde Clyde King </Th> <Td> 1985 -- 1986 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Woodward , Woody Woody Woodward </Th> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Piniella , Lou Lou Piniella </Th> <Td> 1988 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Quinn , Bob Bob Quinn </Th> <Td> 1988 -- 1989 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Peterson , Harding `` Pete '' Harding `` Pete '' Peterson </Th> <Td> 1990 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Michael , Gene Gene Michael </Th> <Td> 1991 -- 1995 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th\n"
},
{
"from": "agent",
"tok_len": null,
"value": "70 %"
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[
{
"from": "human",
"tok_len": 1767,
"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nDocument:\nList of New York Yankees owners and executives - wikipedia <H1> List of New York Yankees owners and executives </H1> Jump to : navigation , search Brian Cashman ( left ) and Hal Steinbrenner ( right ) are the current general manager and chairman of the New York Yankees , respectively . <P> The New York Yankees are a Major League Baseball ( MLB ) franchise based in The Bronx , New York City , New York . They play in the American League East division . This list consists of the owners , general managers ( GMs ) and other executives of the Yankees . The GM controls player transactions , hires the manager and coaching staff , and negotiates with players and agents regarding contracts . </P> <P> The longest - tenured general manager in team history is Ed Barrow , who served in that role for 23 years . He was inducted in the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1953 . The longest - tenured owner in team history is George Steinbrenner , who was the team 's principal owner from 1973 until his death in 2010 . The Yankees are currently overseen by Hal Steinbrenner , who owns the team in conjunction with his brother Hank Steinbrenner , and GM Brian Cashman . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Principal owners </Li> <Li> 2 General managers </Li> <Li> 3 See also </Li> <Li> 4 References </Li> <Li> 5 External links </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Principal owners ( edit ) </H2> Jacob Ruppert 's plaque in Monument Park <P> During the 1901 and 1902 seasons , the franchise played in Baltimore as the `` Baltimore Orioles '' . They became defunct , but were purchased by William Stephen Devery and Frank J. Farrell for $18,000 and moved to New York in 1903 . Jacob Ruppert and Tillinghast L'Hommedieu Huston purchased the Yankees in 1915 , and Ruppert bought out Huston in 1922 . </P> <P> Dan Topping , Larry MacPhail , and Del Webb purchased the Yankees from Ruppert 's estate in 1945 . Topping and Webb forced MacPhail out of the Yankees ownership group due to his confrontational behavior after the 1947 World Series . In 1964 , Topping and Webb sold the team to CBS , during which time the franchise struggled . Selling the team at a loss , CBS sold the team to a group headed by George Steinbrenner in 1973 . While Steinbrenner initially owned less than half of the team , he bought out many of his partners , eventually owning 70 % of the team . John McMullen , one of Steinbrenner 's limited partners , said , `` There is nothing in life quite so limited as being a limited partner of George Steinbrenner . '' </P> <P> Under Steinbrenner 's ownership , YankeeNets was formed after a merger of the business operations of the Yankees and New Jersey Nets . After the Nets were sold to Bruce Ratner , YankeeNets became a limited liability company ( LLC ) known as Yankee Global Enterprises . The LLC owns the Yankees and the YES Network . Hal Steinbrenner succeeded his father as control person of the Yankees in 2008 . </P> <Table> Key <Tr> <Th> </Th> <Td> Member of the Baseball Hall of Fame </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> </Th> <Td> Co-owners </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Tenure </Th> <Td> Tenure refers to MLB seasons , not necessarily dates hired and fired </Td> </Tr> </Table> <Table> List of team owners , showing tenure of service <Tr> <Th> Name </Th> <Th> Tenure </Th> <Th> Ref ( s ) </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> McGraw , John John McGraw </Th> <Td> 1901 -- 1902 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Devery , William S. William S. Devery </Th> <Td> 1903 -- 1915 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Farrell , Frank J. Frank J. Farrell </Th> <Td> 1903 -- 1915 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> L'Hommedieu Huston , Tillinghast Tillinghast L'Hommedieu Huston </Th> <Td> 1915 -- 1922 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Ruppert , Jacob Jacob Ruppert </Th> <Td> 1915 -- 1939 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Ruppert , Jacob Jacob Ruppert Estate </Th> <Td> 1939 -- 1945 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> MacPhail , Larry Larry MacPhail </Th> <Td> 1945 -- 1947 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Topping , Dan Dan Topping </Th> <Td> 1945 -- 1964 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Webb , Del Del Webb </Th> <Td> 1945 -- 1964 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Columbia Broadcasting System </Th> <Td> 1964 -- 1973 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Steinbrenner , George George Steinbrenner </Th> <Td> 1973 -- 2010 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Steinbrenner , Hal Hal Steinbrenner </Th> <Td> 2008 -- present </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Steinbrenner , Hank Hank Steinbrenner </Th> <Td> 2008 -- present </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> </Table> <H2> General managers ( edit ) </H2> Ed Barrow 's plaque in Monument Park Gabe Paul was general manager of the Yankees during the 1977 World Series . Lou Piniella served as field manager and general manager in 1988 . <P> Four Yankees GMs are enshrined in the National Baseball Hall of\n\nQuestion:\nwhat percentage of the yankees do the steinbrenners own\n"
},
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"from": "agent",
"tok_len": null,
"value": "70 %"
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[
{
"from": "human",
"tok_len": 1767,
"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nQuestion:\nwhat percentage of the yankees do the steinbrenners own\n\nDocument:\nList of New York Yankees owners and executives - wikipedia <H1> List of New York Yankees owners and executives </H1> Jump to : navigation , search Brian Cashman ( left ) and Hal Steinbrenner ( right ) are the current general manager and chairman of the New York Yankees , respectively . <P> The New York Yankees are a Major League Baseball ( MLB ) franchise based in The Bronx , New York City , New York . They play in the American League East division . This list consists of the owners , general managers ( GMs ) and other executives of the Yankees . The GM controls player transactions , hires the manager and coaching staff , and negotiates with players and agents regarding contracts . </P> <P> The longest - tenured general manager in team history is Ed Barrow , who served in that role for 23 years . He was inducted in the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1953 . The longest - tenured owner in team history is George Steinbrenner , who was the team 's principal owner from 1973 until his death in 2010 . The Yankees are currently overseen by Hal Steinbrenner , who owns the team in conjunction with his brother Hank Steinbrenner , and GM Brian Cashman . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Principal owners </Li> <Li> 2 General managers </Li> <Li> 3 See also </Li> <Li> 4 References </Li> <Li> 5 External links </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Principal owners ( edit ) </H2> Jacob Ruppert 's plaque in Monument Park <P> During the 1901 and 1902 seasons , the franchise played in Baltimore as the `` Baltimore Orioles '' . They became defunct , but were purchased by William Stephen Devery and Frank J. Farrell for $18,000 and moved to New York in 1903 . Jacob Ruppert and Tillinghast L'Hommedieu Huston purchased the Yankees in 1915 , and Ruppert bought out Huston in 1922 . </P> <P> Dan Topping , Larry MacPhail , and Del Webb purchased the Yankees from Ruppert 's estate in 1945 . Topping and Webb forced MacPhail out of the Yankees ownership group due to his confrontational behavior after the 1947 World Series . In 1964 , Topping and Webb sold the team to CBS , during which time the franchise struggled . Selling the team at a loss , CBS sold the team to a group headed by George Steinbrenner in 1973 . While Steinbrenner initially owned less than half of the team , he bought out many of his partners , eventually owning 70 % of the team . John McMullen , one of Steinbrenner 's limited partners , said , `` There is nothing in life quite so limited as being a limited partner of George Steinbrenner . '' </P> <P> Under Steinbrenner 's ownership , YankeeNets was formed after a merger of the business operations of the Yankees and New Jersey Nets . After the Nets were sold to Bruce Ratner , YankeeNets became a limited liability company ( LLC ) known as Yankee Global Enterprises . The LLC owns the Yankees and the YES Network . Hal Steinbrenner succeeded his father as control person of the Yankees in 2008 . </P> <Table> Key <Tr> <Th> </Th> <Td> Member of the Baseball Hall of Fame </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> </Th> <Td> Co-owners </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Tenure </Th> <Td> Tenure refers to MLB seasons , not necessarily dates hired and fired </Td> </Tr> </Table> <Table> List of team owners , showing tenure of service <Tr> <Th> Name </Th> <Th> Tenure </Th> <Th> Ref ( s ) </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> McGraw , John John McGraw </Th> <Td> 1901 -- 1902 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Devery , William S. William S. Devery </Th> <Td> 1903 -- 1915 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Farrell , Frank J. Frank J. Farrell </Th> <Td> 1903 -- 1915 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> L'Hommedieu Huston , Tillinghast Tillinghast L'Hommedieu Huston </Th> <Td> 1915 -- 1922 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Ruppert , Jacob Jacob Ruppert </Th> <Td> 1915 -- 1939 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Ruppert , Jacob Jacob Ruppert Estate </Th> <Td> 1939 -- 1945 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> MacPhail , Larry Larry MacPhail </Th> <Td> 1945 -- 1947 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Topping , Dan Dan Topping </Th> <Td> 1945 -- 1964 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Webb , Del Del Webb </Th> <Td> 1945 -- 1964 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Columbia Broadcasting System </Th> <Td> 1964 -- 1973 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Steinbrenner , George George Steinbrenner </Th> <Td> 1973 -- 2010 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Steinbrenner , Hal Hal Steinbrenner </Th> <Td> 2008 -- present </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Steinbrenner , Hank Hank Steinbrenner </Th> <Td> 2008 -- present </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> </Table> <H2> General managers ( edit ) </H2> Ed Barrow 's plaque in Monument Park Gabe Paul was general manager of the Yankees during the 1977 World Series . Lou Piniella served as field manager and general manager in 1988 . <P> Four Yankees GMs are enshrined in the National Baseball Hall of\n"
},
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"from": "agent",
"tok_len": null,
"value": "70 %"
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[
{
"from": "human",
"tok_len": 1767,
"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nDocument:\nList of New York Yankees owners and executives - wikipedia <H1> List of New York Yankees owners and executives </H1> Jump to : navigation , search Brian Cashman ( left ) and Hal Steinbrenner ( right ) are the current general manager and chairman of the New York Yankees , respectively . <P> The New York Yankees are a Major League Baseball ( MLB ) franchise based in The Bronx , New York City , New York . They play in the American League East division . This list consists of the owners , general managers ( GMs ) and other executives of the Yankees . The GM controls player transactions , hires the manager and coaching staff , and negotiates with players and agents regarding contracts . </P> <P> The longest - tenured general manager in team history is Ed Barrow , who served in that role for 23 years . He was inducted in the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1953 . The longest - tenured owner in team history is George Steinbrenner , who was the team 's principal owner from 1973 until his death in 2010 . The Yankees are currently overseen by Hal Steinbrenner , who owns the team in conjunction with his brother Hank Steinbrenner , and GM Brian Cashman . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Principal owners </Li> <Li> 2 General managers </Li> <Li> 3 See also </Li> <Li> 4 References </Li> <Li> 5 External links </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Principal owners ( edit ) </H2> Jacob Ruppert 's plaque in Monument Park <P> During the 1901 and 1902 seasons , the franchise played in Baltimore as the `` Baltimore Orioles '' . They became defunct , but were purchased by William Stephen Devery and Frank J. Farrell for $18,000 and moved to New York in 1903 . Jacob Ruppert and Tillinghast L'Hommedieu Huston purchased the Yankees in 1915 , and Ruppert bought out Huston in 1922 . </P> <P> Dan Topping , Larry MacPhail , and Del Webb purchased the Yankees from Ruppert 's estate in 1945 . Topping and Webb forced MacPhail out of the Yankees ownership group due to his confrontational behavior after the 1947 World Series . In 1964 , Topping and Webb sold the team to CBS , during which time the franchise struggled . Selling the team at a loss , CBS sold the team to a group headed by George Steinbrenner in 1973 . While Steinbrenner initially owned less than half of the team , he bought out many of his partners , eventually owning 70 % of the team . John McMullen , one of Steinbrenner 's limited partners , said , `` There is nothing in life quite so limited as being a limited partner of George Steinbrenner . '' </P> <P> Under Steinbrenner 's ownership , YankeeNets was formed after a merger of the business operations of the Yankees and New Jersey Nets . After the Nets were sold to Bruce Ratner , YankeeNets became a limited liability company ( LLC ) known as Yankee Global Enterprises . The LLC owns the Yankees and the YES Network . Hal Steinbrenner succeeded his father as control person of the Yankees in 2008 . </P> <Table> Key <Tr> <Th> </Th> <Td> Member of the Baseball Hall of Fame </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> </Th> <Td> Co-owners </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Tenure </Th> <Td> Tenure refers to MLB seasons , not necessarily dates hired and fired </Td> </Tr> </Table> <Table> List of team owners , showing tenure of service <Tr> <Th> Name </Th> <Th> Tenure </Th> <Th> Ref ( s ) </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> McGraw , John John McGraw </Th> <Td> 1901 -- 1902 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Devery , William S. William S. Devery </Th> <Td> 1903 -- 1915 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Farrell , Frank J. Frank J. Farrell </Th> <Td> 1903 -- 1915 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> L'Hommedieu Huston , Tillinghast Tillinghast L'Hommedieu Huston </Th> <Td> 1915 -- 1922 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Ruppert , Jacob Jacob Ruppert </Th> <Td> 1915 -- 1939 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Ruppert , Jacob Jacob Ruppert Estate </Th> <Td> 1939 -- 1945 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> MacPhail , Larry Larry MacPhail </Th> <Td> 1945 -- 1947 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Topping , Dan Dan Topping </Th> <Td> 1945 -- 1964 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Webb , Del Del Webb </Th> <Td> 1945 -- 1964 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Columbia Broadcasting System </Th> <Td> 1964 -- 1973 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Steinbrenner , George George Steinbrenner </Th> <Td> 1973 -- 2010 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Steinbrenner , Hal Hal Steinbrenner </Th> <Td> 2008 -- present </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Steinbrenner , Hank Hank Steinbrenner </Th> <Td> 2008 -- present </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> </Table> <H2> General managers ( edit ) </H2> Ed Barrow 's plaque in Monument Park Gabe Paul was general manager of the Yankees during the 1977 World Series . Lou Piniella served as field manager and general manager in 1988 . <P> Four Yankees GMs are enshrined in the National Baseball Hall of\n\nQuestion:\nwhat percentage of the yankees do the steinbrenners own\n"
},
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"from": "agent",
"tok_len": null,
"value": "70 %"
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[
{
"from": "human",
"tok_len": 1767,
"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nQuestion:\nwhat percentage of the yankees do the steinbrenners own\n\nDocument:\nList of New York Yankees owners and executives - wikipedia <H1> List of New York Yankees owners and executives </H1> Jump to : navigation , search Brian Cashman ( left ) and Hal Steinbrenner ( right ) are the current general manager and chairman of the New York Yankees , respectively . <P> The New York Yankees are a Major League Baseball ( MLB ) franchise based in The Bronx , New York City , New York . They play in the American League East division . This list consists of the owners , general managers ( GMs ) and other executives of the Yankees . The GM controls player transactions , hires the manager and coaching staff , and negotiates with players and agents regarding contracts . </P> <P> The longest - tenured general manager in team history is Ed Barrow , who served in that role for 23 years . He was inducted in the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1953 . The longest - tenured owner in team history is George Steinbrenner , who was the team 's principal owner from 1973 until his death in 2010 . The Yankees are currently overseen by Hal Steinbrenner , who owns the team in conjunction with his brother Hank Steinbrenner , and GM Brian Cashman . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Principal owners </Li> <Li> 2 General managers </Li> <Li> 3 See also </Li> <Li> 4 References </Li> <Li> 5 External links </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Principal owners ( edit ) </H2> Jacob Ruppert 's plaque in Monument Park <P> During the 1901 and 1902 seasons , the franchise played in Baltimore as the `` Baltimore Orioles '' . They became defunct , but were purchased by William Stephen Devery and Frank J. Farrell for $18,000 and moved to New York in 1903 . Jacob Ruppert and Tillinghast L'Hommedieu Huston purchased the Yankees in 1915 , and Ruppert bought out Huston in 1922 . </P> <P> Dan Topping , Larry MacPhail , and Del Webb purchased the Yankees from Ruppert 's estate in 1945 . Topping and Webb forced MacPhail out of the Yankees ownership group due to his confrontational behavior after the 1947 World Series . In 1964 , Topping and Webb sold the team to CBS , during which time the franchise struggled . Selling the team at a loss , CBS sold the team to a group headed by George Steinbrenner in 1973 . While Steinbrenner initially owned less than half of the team , he bought out many of his partners , eventually owning 70 % of the team . John McMullen , one of Steinbrenner 's limited partners , said , `` There is nothing in life quite so limited as being a limited partner of George Steinbrenner . '' </P> <P> Under Steinbrenner 's ownership , YankeeNets was formed after a merger of the business operations of the Yankees and New Jersey Nets . After the Nets were sold to Bruce Ratner , YankeeNets became a limited liability company ( LLC ) known as Yankee Global Enterprises . The LLC owns the Yankees and the YES Network . Hal Steinbrenner succeeded his father as control person of the Yankees in 2008 . </P> <Table> Key <Tr> <Th> </Th> <Td> Member of the Baseball Hall of Fame </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> </Th> <Td> Co-owners </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Tenure </Th> <Td> Tenure refers to MLB seasons , not necessarily dates hired and fired </Td> </Tr> </Table> <Table> List of team owners , showing tenure of service <Tr> <Th> Name </Th> <Th> Tenure </Th> <Th> Ref ( s ) </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> McGraw , John John McGraw </Th> <Td> 1901 -- 1902 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Devery , William S. William S. Devery </Th> <Td> 1903 -- 1915 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Farrell , Frank J. Frank J. Farrell </Th> <Td> 1903 -- 1915 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> L'Hommedieu Huston , Tillinghast Tillinghast L'Hommedieu Huston </Th> <Td> 1915 -- 1922 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Ruppert , Jacob Jacob Ruppert </Th> <Td> 1915 -- 1939 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Ruppert , Jacob Jacob Ruppert Estate </Th> <Td> 1939 -- 1945 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> MacPhail , Larry Larry MacPhail </Th> <Td> 1945 -- 1947 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Topping , Dan Dan Topping </Th> <Td> 1945 -- 1964 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Webb , Del Del Webb </Th> <Td> 1945 -- 1964 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Columbia Broadcasting System </Th> <Td> 1964 -- 1973 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Steinbrenner , George George Steinbrenner </Th> <Td> 1973 -- 2010 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Steinbrenner , Hal Hal Steinbrenner </Th> <Td> 2008 -- present </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Steinbrenner , Hank Hank Steinbrenner </Th> <Td> 2008 -- present </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> </Table> <H2> General managers ( edit ) </H2> Ed Barrow 's plaque in Monument Park Gabe Paul was general manager of the Yankees during the 1977 World Series . Lou Piniella served as field manager and general manager in 1988 . <P> Four Yankees GMs are enshrined in the National Baseball Hall of\n"
},
{
"from": "agent",
"tok_len": null,
"value": "70 %"
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[
{
"from": "human",
"tok_len": 1876,
"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nDocument:\npecific city . </P> <P> By the early 1960s , a more organized system was needed , and non-mandatory five - digit ZIP Codes were introduced nationwide on July 1 , 1963 . The USPOD issued its Publication 59 : Abbreviations for Use with ZIP Code on October 1 , 1963 , with the list of two - letter state abbreviations which are generally written with both letters capitalized . An earlier list in June had proposed capitalized abbreviations ranging from two to five letters . According to Publication 59 , the two - letter standard was `` based on a maximum 23 - position line , because this has been found to be the most universally acceptable line capacity basis for major addressing systems '' , which would be exceeded by a long city name combined with a multi-letter state abbreviation , such as `` Sacramento , Calif . '' along with the ZIP Code . The abbreviations have remained unchanged , with the exception of Nebraska , which was changed from NB to NE in 1969 at the request of the Canadian postal administration , to avoid confusion with the Canadian province of New Brunswick . </P> <P> Robert Moon is considered the father of the ZIP Code ; he submitted his proposal in 1944 while working as a postal inspector . The post office only credits Moon with the first three digits of the ZIP Code , which describe the sectional center facility ( SCF ) or `` sec center . '' An SCF is a central mail processing facility with those three digits . The fourth and fifth digits were proposed by Henry Bentley Hahn Sr which give a more precise locale within the SCF . The SCF sorts mail to all post offices with those first three digits in their ZIP Codes . The mail is sorted according to the final two digits of the ZIP Code and sent to the corresponding post offices in the early morning . Sectional centers do not deliver mail and are not open to the public ( though the building may include a post office open to the public ) , and most of their employees work night shift . Mail picked up at post offices is sent to their own SCF in the afternoon , where the mail is sorted overnight . In the cases of large cities , the last two digits coincide with the older postal zone number thus : </P> <P> Mr. John Smith </P> <P> 3256 Epiphenomenal Avenue </P> Minneapolis , MN 55416 <P> In 1967 , these became mandatory for second and third - class bulk mailers , and the system was soon adopted generally . The United States Post Office used a cartoon character which it called Mr. ZIP to promote the use of the ZIP Code . He was often depicted with a legend such as `` USE ZIP CODE '' in the selvage of panes of postage stamps or on the covers of booklet panes of stamps . </P> <P> In 1971 Elmira ( NY ) Star Gazette reporter Dick Baumbach found out the White House was not using a zip code on its envelopes . Herb Klein , special assistant to President Nixon , responded by saying the next printing of envelopes would include the zip code . That did occur . </P> <H3> ZIP + 4 ( edit ) </H3> <P> In 1983 , the U.S. Postal Service introduced an expanded ZIP Code system that it called ZIP + 4 , often called `` plus - four codes '' , `` add - on codes '' , or `` add - ons '' . A ZIP + 4 Code uses the basic five - digit code plus four additional digits to identify a geographic segment within the five - digit delivery area , such as a city block , a group of apartments , an individual high - volume receiver of mail , a post office box , or any other unit that could use an extra identifier to aid in efficient mail sorting and delivery . However , initial attempts to promote universal use of the new format met with public resistance and today the plus - four code is not required . In general , mail is read by a multiline optical character reader ( MLOCR ) that almost instantly determines the correct ZIP + 4 Code from the address -- along with the even more specific delivery point -- and sprays an Intelligent Mail barcode ( IM ) on the face of the mail piece that corresponds to 11 digits -- nine for the ZIP + 4 Code and two for the delivery point . </P> <P> For Post Office Boxes , the general ( but not invariable ) rule is that each box has its own ZIP + 4 code . The add - on code is often one of the following : the last four digits of the box number ( e.g. PO Box 107050 , Albany , NY 12201 - 7050 ) , zero plus the last three digits of the box number ( e.g. , PO Box 17727 , Eagle River , AK 99577 - 0727 ) , or , if the box number consists of fewer than four digits , enough zeros are attached to the front of the box number to produce a four - digit number ( e.g. , PO Box 77 , Juneau , AK 99750 - 0077 ) . However , there is no uniform rule , so the ZIP + 4 Code must be looked up individually for each box . </P> <H3> Postal bar Code ( edit ) </H3> <P> The ZIP Code is often translated into an Intelligent Mail barcode that is printed on the mailpiece to make it easier for automated machines to sort . A barcode can be printed by the sender ( some word - processing programs such as WordPerfect and Microsoft Word include the feature - but is not recommended as the address to ZIP lookup tables can be significantly out of date ) . It is better to let the post office put one on when it processes the piece . In general , the post office uses OCR technology , though in some cases a human might have to read and enter the address . </P> <P> Customers who send bulk mail can get a discount on postage if they have printed the barcode themselves and have presorted the mail . This requires more than just a simple font ; mailing lists must be standardized with up - to - date Coding Accuracy Support System ( CASS ) - certified software that adds and verifies a full , correct ZIP + 4 Code and an additional two digits representing the exact delivery point . Furthermore , mail must be sorted in a specific manner to an 11 digit zip with at least 150 mailpieces for each qualifying ZIP code and must be accompanied by documentation confirming this . These steps are usually done with PAVE - certified software that also prints the barcoded address labels and the barcoded sack or tray tags . </P> <P> This means that every single mailable point in the country has its own 12 - digit number ( at least in theory ) . The delivery - point digits ( the 10th and 11th digits ) are calculated based on the primary or secondary number of the address . The USPS publishes the rules for calculating the delivery point in a document called the CASS Technical Guide . However , when confronted with two addresses like 18 and 18C , often CASS will assign the same 12 - digit number to two distinct mail delivery points . The last digit is always a check digit , which is obtained by summing all 5 , 9 or 11 digits , taking the residue modulo 10 of this sum ( i.e. , the remainder after dividing by 10 ) and finally subtracting this from 10 . ( Thus , the check digit for 10001 - 0001 00 would be 7 , since 1 + 1 + 1 = 3 , 3 ≡ 3 ( mod 10 ) and 10 -- 3 = 7 . ) </P> <H2> Structure and allocation ( edit ) </H2> <H3> Scope and international mail \n\nQuestion:\nwhen did the post office start using zip codes\n"
},
{
"from": "agent",
"tok_len": null,
"value": "July 1 , 1963"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"tok_len": 1876,
"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nQuestion:\nwhen did the post office start using zip codes\n\nDocument:\npecific city . </P> <P> By the early 1960s , a more organized system was needed , and non-mandatory five - digit ZIP Codes were introduced nationwide on July 1 , 1963 . The USPOD issued its Publication 59 : Abbreviations for Use with ZIP Code on October 1 , 1963 , with the list of two - letter state abbreviations which are generally written with both letters capitalized . An earlier list in June had proposed capitalized abbreviations ranging from two to five letters . According to Publication 59 , the two - letter standard was `` based on a maximum 23 - position line , because this has been found to be the most universally acceptable line capacity basis for major addressing systems '' , which would be exceeded by a long city name combined with a multi-letter state abbreviation , such as `` Sacramento , Calif . '' along with the ZIP Code . The abbreviations have remained unchanged , with the exception of Nebraska , which was changed from NB to NE in 1969 at the request of the Canadian postal administration , to avoid confusion with the Canadian province of New Brunswick . </P> <P> Robert Moon is considered the father of the ZIP Code ; he submitted his proposal in 1944 while working as a postal inspector . The post office only credits Moon with the first three digits of the ZIP Code , which describe the sectional center facility ( SCF ) or `` sec center . '' An SCF is a central mail processing facility with those three digits . The fourth and fifth digits were proposed by Henry Bentley Hahn Sr which give a more precise locale within the SCF . The SCF sorts mail to all post offices with those first three digits in their ZIP Codes . The mail is sorted according to the final two digits of the ZIP Code and sent to the corresponding post offices in the early morning . Sectional centers do not deliver mail and are not open to the public ( though the building may include a post office open to the public ) , and most of their employees work night shift . Mail picked up at post offices is sent to their own SCF in the afternoon , where the mail is sorted overnight . In the cases of large cities , the last two digits coincide with the older postal zone number thus : </P> <P> Mr. John Smith </P> <P> 3256 Epiphenomenal Avenue </P> Minneapolis , MN 55416 <P> In 1967 , these became mandatory for second and third - class bulk mailers , and the system was soon adopted generally . The United States Post Office used a cartoon character which it called Mr. ZIP to promote the use of the ZIP Code . He was often depicted with a legend such as `` USE ZIP CODE '' in the selvage of panes of postage stamps or on the covers of booklet panes of stamps . </P> <P> In 1971 Elmira ( NY ) Star Gazette reporter Dick Baumbach found out the White House was not using a zip code on its envelopes . Herb Klein , special assistant to President Nixon , responded by saying the next printing of envelopes would include the zip code . That did occur . </P> <H3> ZIP + 4 ( edit ) </H3> <P> In 1983 , the U.S. Postal Service introduced an expanded ZIP Code system that it called ZIP + 4 , often called `` plus - four codes '' , `` add - on codes '' , or `` add - ons '' . A ZIP + 4 Code uses the basic five - digit code plus four additional digits to identify a geographic segment within the five - digit delivery area , such as a city block , a group of apartments , an individual high - volume receiver of mail , a post office box , or any other unit that could use an extra identifier to aid in efficient mail sorting and delivery . However , initial attempts to promote universal use of the new format met with public resistance and today the plus - four code is not required . In general , mail is read by a multiline optical character reader ( MLOCR ) that almost instantly determines the correct ZIP + 4 Code from the address -- along with the even more specific delivery point -- and sprays an Intelligent Mail barcode ( IM ) on the face of the mail piece that corresponds to 11 digits -- nine for the ZIP + 4 Code and two for the delivery point . </P> <P> For Post Office Boxes , the general ( but not invariable ) rule is that each box has its own ZIP + 4 code . The add - on code is often one of the following : the last four digits of the box number ( e.g. PO Box 107050 , Albany , NY 12201 - 7050 ) , zero plus the last three digits of the box number ( e.g. , PO Box 17727 , Eagle River , AK 99577 - 0727 ) , or , if the box number consists of fewer than four digits , enough zeros are attached to the front of the box number to produce a four - digit number ( e.g. , PO Box 77 , Juneau , AK 99750 - 0077 ) . However , there is no uniform rule , so the ZIP + 4 Code must be looked up individually for each box . </P> <H3> Postal bar Code ( edit ) </H3> <P> The ZIP Code is often translated into an Intelligent Mail barcode that is printed on the mailpiece to make it easier for automated machines to sort . A barcode can be printed by the sender ( some word - processing programs such as WordPerfect and Microsoft Word include the feature - but is not recommended as the address to ZIP lookup tables can be significantly out of date ) . It is better to let the post office put one on when it processes the piece . In general , the post office uses OCR technology , though in some cases a human might have to read and enter the address . </P> <P> Customers who send bulk mail can get a discount on postage if they have printed the barcode themselves and have presorted the mail . This requires more than just a simple font ; mailing lists must be standardized with up - to - date Coding Accuracy Support System ( CASS ) - certified software that adds and verifies a full , correct ZIP + 4 Code and an additional two digits representing the exact delivery point . Furthermore , mail must be sorted in a specific manner to an 11 digit zip with at least 150 mailpieces for each qualifying ZIP code and must be accompanied by documentation confirming this . These steps are usually done with PAVE - certified software that also prints the barcoded address labels and the barcoded sack or tray tags . </P> <P> This means that every single mailable point in the country has its own 12 - digit number ( at least in theory ) . The delivery - point digits ( the 10th and 11th digits ) are calculated based on the primary or secondary number of the address . The USPS publishes the rules for calculating the delivery point in a document called the CASS Technical Guide . However , when confronted with two addresses like 18 and 18C , often CASS will assign the same 12 - digit number to two distinct mail delivery points . The last digit is always a check digit , which is obtained by summing all 5 , 9 or 11 digits , taking the residue modulo 10 of this sum ( i.e. , the remainder after dividing by 10 ) and finally subtracting this from 10 . ( Thus , the check digit for 10001 - 0001 00 would be 7 , since 1 + 1 + 1 = 3 , 3 ≡ 3 ( mod 10 ) and 10 -- 3 = 7 . ) </P> <H2> Structure and allocation ( edit ) </H2> <H3> Scope and international mail \n"
},
{
"from": "agent",
"tok_len": null,
"value": "July 1 , 1963"
}
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[
{
"from": "human",
"tok_len": 1879,
"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nDocument:\n <P> By the early 1960s , a more organized system was needed , and non-mandatory five - digit ZIP Codes were introduced nationwide on July 1 , 1963 . The USPOD issued its Publication 59 : Abbreviations for Use with ZIP Code on October 1 , 1963 , with the list of two - letter state abbreviations which are generally written with both letters capitalized . An earlier list in June had proposed capitalized abbreviations ranging from two to five letters . According to Publication 59 , the two - letter standard was `` based on a maximum 23 - position line , because this has been found to be the most universally acceptable line capacity basis for major addressing systems '' , which would be exceeded by a long city name combined with a multi-letter state abbreviation , such as `` Sacramento , Calif . '' along with the ZIP Code . The abbreviations have remained unchanged , with the exception of Nebraska , which was changed from NB to NE in 1969 at the request of the Canadian postal administration , to avoid confusion with the Canadian province of New Brunswick . </P> <P> Robert Moon is considered the father of the ZIP Code ; he submitted his proposal in 1944 while working as a postal inspector . The post office only credits Moon with the first three digits of the ZIP Code , which describe the sectional center facility ( SCF ) or `` sec center . '' An SCF is a central mail processing facility with those three digits . The fourth and fifth digits were proposed by Henry Bentley Hahn Sr which give a more precise locale within the SCF . The SCF sorts mail to all post offices with those first three digits in their ZIP Codes . The mail is sorted according to the final two digits of the ZIP Code and sent to the corresponding post offices in the early morning . Sectional centers do not deliver mail and are not open to the public ( though the building may include a post office open to the public ) , and most of their employees work night shift . Mail picked up at post offices is sent to their own SCF in the afternoon , where the mail is sorted overnight . In the cases of large cities , the last two digits coincide with the older postal zone number thus : </P> <P> Mr. John Smith </P> <P> 3256 Epiphenomenal Avenue </P> Minneapolis , MN 55416 <P> In 1967 , these became mandatory for second and third - class bulk mailers , and the system was soon adopted generally . The United States Post Office used a cartoon character which it called Mr. ZIP to promote the use of the ZIP Code . He was often depicted with a legend such as `` USE ZIP CODE '' in the selvage of panes of postage stamps or on the covers of booklet panes of stamps . </P> <P> In 1971 Elmira ( NY ) Star Gazette reporter Dick Baumbach found out the White House was not using a zip code on its envelopes . Herb Klein , special assistant to President Nixon , responded by saying the next printing of envelopes would include the zip code . That did occur . </P> <H3> ZIP + 4 ( edit ) </H3> <P> In 1983 , the U.S. Postal Service introduced an expanded ZIP Code system that it called ZIP + 4 , often called `` plus - four codes '' , `` add - on codes '' , or `` add - ons '' . A ZIP + 4 Code uses the basic five - digit code plus four additional digits to identify a geographic segment within the five - digit delivery area , such as a city block , a group of apartments , an individual high - volume receiver of mail , a post office box , or any other unit that could use an extra identifier to aid in efficient mail sorting and delivery . However , initial attempts to promote universal use of the new format met with public resistance and today the plus - four code is not required . In general , mail is read by a multiline optical character reader ( MLOCR ) that almost instantly determines the correct ZIP + 4 Code from the address -- along with the even more specific delivery point -- and sprays an Intelligent Mail barcode ( IM ) on the face of the mail piece that corresponds to 11 digits -- nine for the ZIP + 4 Code and two for the delivery point . </P> <P> For Post Office Boxes , the general ( but not invariable ) rule is that each box has its own ZIP + 4 code . The add - on code is often one of the following : the last four digits of the box number ( e.g. PO Box 107050 , Albany , NY 12201 - 7050 ) , zero plus the last three digits of the box number ( e.g. , PO Box 17727 , Eagle River , AK 99577 - 0727 ) , or , if the box number consists of fewer than four digits , enough zeros are attached to the front of the box number to produce a four - digit number ( e.g. , PO Box 77 , Juneau , AK 99750 - 0077 ) . However , there is no uniform rule , so the ZIP + 4 Code must be looked up individually for each box . </P> <H3> Postal bar Code ( edit ) </H3> <P> The ZIP Code is often translated into an Intelligent Mail barcode that is printed on the mailpiece to make it easier for automated machines to sort . A barcode can be printed by the sender ( some word - processing programs such as WordPerfect and Microsoft Word include the feature - but is not recommended as the address to ZIP lookup tables can be significantly out of date ) . It is better to let the post office put one on when it processes the piece . In general , the post office uses OCR technology , though in some cases a human might have to read and enter the address . </P> <P> Customers who send bulk mail can get a discount on postage if they have printed the barcode themselves and have presorted the mail . This requires more than just a simple font ; mailing lists must be standardized with up - to - date Coding Accuracy Support System ( CASS ) - certified software that adds and verifies a full , correct ZIP + 4 Code and an additional two digits representing the exact delivery point . Furthermore , mail must be sorted in a specific manner to an 11 digit zip with at least 150 mailpieces for each qualifying ZIP code and must be accompanied by documentation confirming this . These steps are usually done with PAVE - certified software that also prints the barcoded address labels and the barcoded sack or tray tags . </P> <P> This means that every single mailable point in the country has its own 12 - digit number ( at least in theory ) . The delivery - point digits ( the 10th and 11th digits ) are calculated based on the primary or secondary number of the address . The USPS publishes the rules for calculating the delivery point in a document called the CASS Technical Guide . However , when confronted with two addresses like 18 and 18C , often CASS will assign the same 12 - digit number to two distinct mail delivery points . The last digit is always a check digit , which is obtained by summing all 5 , 9 or 11 digits , taking the residue modulo 10 of this sum ( i.e. , the remainder after dividing by 10 ) and finally subtracting this from 10 . ( Thus , the check digit for 10001 - 0001 00 would be 7 , since 1 + 1 + 1 = 3 , 3 ≡ 3 ( mod 10 ) and 10 -- 3 = 7 . ) </P> <H2> Structure and allocation ( edit ) </H2> <H3> Scope and international mail ( edit ) </H3> <P> \n\nQuestion:\nwhen did the post office start using zip codes\n"
},
{
"from": "agent",
"tok_len": null,
"value": "July 1 , 1963"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"tok_len": 1879,
"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nQuestion:\nwhen did the post office start using zip codes\n\nDocument:\n <P> By the early 1960s , a more organized system was needed , and non-mandatory five - digit ZIP Codes were introduced nationwide on July 1 , 1963 . The USPOD issued its Publication 59 : Abbreviations for Use with ZIP Code on October 1 , 1963 , with the list of two - letter state abbreviations which are generally written with both letters capitalized . An earlier list in June had proposed capitalized abbreviations ranging from two to five letters . According to Publication 59 , the two - letter standard was `` based on a maximum 23 - position line , because this has been found to be the most universally acceptable line capacity basis for major addressing systems '' , which would be exceeded by a long city name combined with a multi-letter state abbreviation , such as `` Sacramento , Calif . '' along with the ZIP Code . The abbreviations have remained unchanged , with the exception of Nebraska , which was changed from NB to NE in 1969 at the request of the Canadian postal administration , to avoid confusion with the Canadian province of New Brunswick . </P> <P> Robert Moon is considered the father of the ZIP Code ; he submitted his proposal in 1944 while working as a postal inspector . The post office only credits Moon with the first three digits of the ZIP Code , which describe the sectional center facility ( SCF ) or `` sec center . '' An SCF is a central mail processing facility with those three digits . The fourth and fifth digits were proposed by Henry Bentley Hahn Sr which give a more precise locale within the SCF . The SCF sorts mail to all post offices with those first three digits in their ZIP Codes . The mail is sorted according to the final two digits of the ZIP Code and sent to the corresponding post offices in the early morning . Sectional centers do not deliver mail and are not open to the public ( though the building may include a post office open to the public ) , and most of their employees work night shift . Mail picked up at post offices is sent to their own SCF in the afternoon , where the mail is sorted overnight . In the cases of large cities , the last two digits coincide with the older postal zone number thus : </P> <P> Mr. John Smith </P> <P> 3256 Epiphenomenal Avenue </P> Minneapolis , MN 55416 <P> In 1967 , these became mandatory for second and third - class bulk mailers , and the system was soon adopted generally . The United States Post Office used a cartoon character which it called Mr. ZIP to promote the use of the ZIP Code . He was often depicted with a legend such as `` USE ZIP CODE '' in the selvage of panes of postage stamps or on the covers of booklet panes of stamps . </P> <P> In 1971 Elmira ( NY ) Star Gazette reporter Dick Baumbach found out the White House was not using a zip code on its envelopes . Herb Klein , special assistant to President Nixon , responded by saying the next printing of envelopes would include the zip code . That did occur . </P> <H3> ZIP + 4 ( edit ) </H3> <P> In 1983 , the U.S. Postal Service introduced an expanded ZIP Code system that it called ZIP + 4 , often called `` plus - four codes '' , `` add - on codes '' , or `` add - ons '' . A ZIP + 4 Code uses the basic five - digit code plus four additional digits to identify a geographic segment within the five - digit delivery area , such as a city block , a group of apartments , an individual high - volume receiver of mail , a post office box , or any other unit that could use an extra identifier to aid in efficient mail sorting and delivery . However , initial attempts to promote universal use of the new format met with public resistance and today the plus - four code is not required . In general , mail is read by a multiline optical character reader ( MLOCR ) that almost instantly determines the correct ZIP + 4 Code from the address -- along with the even more specific delivery point -- and sprays an Intelligent Mail barcode ( IM ) on the face of the mail piece that corresponds to 11 digits -- nine for the ZIP + 4 Code and two for the delivery point . </P> <P> For Post Office Boxes , the general ( but not invariable ) rule is that each box has its own ZIP + 4 code . The add - on code is often one of the following : the last four digits of the box number ( e.g. PO Box 107050 , Albany , NY 12201 - 7050 ) , zero plus the last three digits of the box number ( e.g. , PO Box 17727 , Eagle River , AK 99577 - 0727 ) , or , if the box number consists of fewer than four digits , enough zeros are attached to the front of the box number to produce a four - digit number ( e.g. , PO Box 77 , Juneau , AK 99750 - 0077 ) . However , there is no uniform rule , so the ZIP + 4 Code must be looked up individually for each box . </P> <H3> Postal bar Code ( edit ) </H3> <P> The ZIP Code is often translated into an Intelligent Mail barcode that is printed on the mailpiece to make it easier for automated machines to sort . A barcode can be printed by the sender ( some word - processing programs such as WordPerfect and Microsoft Word include the feature - but is not recommended as the address to ZIP lookup tables can be significantly out of date ) . It is better to let the post office put one on when it processes the piece . In general , the post office uses OCR technology , though in some cases a human might have to read and enter the address . </P> <P> Customers who send bulk mail can get a discount on postage if they have printed the barcode themselves and have presorted the mail . This requires more than just a simple font ; mailing lists must be standardized with up - to - date Coding Accuracy Support System ( CASS ) - certified software that adds and verifies a full , correct ZIP + 4 Code and an additional two digits representing the exact delivery point . Furthermore , mail must be sorted in a specific manner to an 11 digit zip with at least 150 mailpieces for each qualifying ZIP code and must be accompanied by documentation confirming this . These steps are usually done with PAVE - certified software that also prints the barcoded address labels and the barcoded sack or tray tags . </P> <P> This means that every single mailable point in the country has its own 12 - digit number ( at least in theory ) . The delivery - point digits ( the 10th and 11th digits ) are calculated based on the primary or secondary number of the address . The USPS publishes the rules for calculating the delivery point in a document called the CASS Technical Guide . However , when confronted with two addresses like 18 and 18C , often CASS will assign the same 12 - digit number to two distinct mail delivery points . The last digit is always a check digit , which is obtained by summing all 5 , 9 or 11 digits , taking the residue modulo 10 of this sum ( i.e. , the remainder after dividing by 10 ) and finally subtracting this from 10 . ( Thus , the check digit for 10001 - 0001 00 would be 7 , since 1 + 1 + 1 = 3 , 3 ≡ 3 ( mod 10 ) and 10 -- 3 = 7 . ) </P> <H2> Structure and allocation ( edit ) </H2> <H3> Scope and international mail ( edit ) </H3> <P> \n"
},
{
"from": "agent",
"tok_len": null,
"value": "July 1 , 1963"
}
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[
{
"from": "human",
"tok_len": 2046,
"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nDocument:\nZIP Code - wikipedia <H1> ZIP Code </H1> Jump to : navigation , search <Table> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> This article possibly contains original research . Please improve it by verifying the claims made and adding inline citations . Statements consisting only of original research should be removed . ( June 2017 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> ZIP Codes are a system of postal codes used by the United States Postal Service ( USPS ) since 1963 . The term ZIP is an acronym for Zone Improvement Plan ; it was chosen to suggest that the mail travels more efficiently and quickly ( zipping along ) when senders use the code in the postal address . The basic format consists of five digits . An extended ' ZIP + 4 ' code was introduced in 1983 which includes the five digits of the ZIP Code , followed by a hyphen and four additional digits that reference a more specific location . </P> <P> The term ZIP Code was originally registered as a servicemark by the U.S. Postal Service , but its registration has since expired . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 History <Ul> <Li> 1.1 Early history and five - digit ZIP Codes </Li> <Li> 1.2 ZIP + 4 </Li> <Li> 1.3 Postal bar code </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 2 Structure and allocation <Ul> <Li> 2.1 Scope and international mail </Li> <Li> 2.2 By type and use </Li> <Li> 2.3 By geography <Ul> <Li> 2.3. 1 Primary state prefixes </Li> <Li> 2.3. 2 Secondary regional prefixes ( 123xx ) and local ZIP Codes ( 12345 ) </Li> <Li> 2.3. 3 ZIP Codes and previous zoning lines </Li> <Li> 2.3. 4 Division and reallocation of ZIP codes </Li> </Ul> </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 3 Other uses <Ul> <Li> 3.1 Delivery services </Li> <Li> 3.2 Statistics </Li> <Li> 3.3 Marketing </Li> <Li> 3.4 Legislative districts </Li> <Li> 3.5 Internet </Li> <Li> 3.6 Credit card security </Li> <Li> 3.7 Insurance rating </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 4 See also </Li> <Li> 5 References </Li> <Li> 6 External links </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> History ( edit ) </H2> <H3> Early History and five - digit ZIP Codes ( edit ) </H3> A 1963 U.S. Post Office sign <P> The early history and context of postal codes began with postal district / zone numbers . The United States Post Office Department ( USPOD ) implemented postal zones for numerous large cities in 1943 . For example : </P> <P> Mr. John Smith </P> <P> 3256 Epiphenomenal Avenue </P> Minneapolis 16 , Minnesota <P> The `` 16 '' was the number of the postal zone from the specific city . </P> <P> By the early 1960s , a more organized system was needed , and non-mandatory five - digit ZIP Codes were introduced nationwide on July 1 , 1963 . The USPOD issued its Publication 59 : Abbreviations for Use with ZIP Code on October 1 , 1963 , with the list of two - letter state abbreviations which are generally written with both letters capitalized . An earlier list in June had proposed capitalized abbreviations ranging from two to five letters . According to Publication 59 , the two - letter standard was `` based on a maximum 23 - position line , because this has been found to be the most universally acceptable line capacity basis for major addressing systems '' , which would be exceeded by a long city name combined with a multi-letter state abbreviation , such as `` Sacramento , Calif . '' along with the ZIP Code . The abbreviations have remained unchanged , with the exception of Nebraska , which was changed from NB to NE in 1969 at the request of the Canadian postal administration , to avoid confusion with the Canadian province of New Brunswick . </P> <P> Robert Moon is considered the father of the ZIP Code ; he submitted his proposal in 1944 while working as a postal inspector . The post office only credits Moon with the first three digits of the ZIP Code , which describe the sectional center facility ( SCF ) or `` sec center . '' An SCF is a central mail processing facility with those three digits . The fourth and fifth digits were proposed by Henry Bentley Hahn Sr which give a more precise locale within the SCF . The SCF sorts mail to all post offices with those first three digits in their ZIP Codes . The mail is sorted according to the final two digits of the ZIP Code and sent to the corresponding post offices in the early morning . Sectional centers do not deliver mail and are not open to the public ( though the building may include a post office open to the public ) , and most of their employees work night shift . Mail picked up at post offices is sent to their own SCF in the afternoon , where the mail is sorted overnight . In the cases of large cities , the last two digits coincide with the older postal zone number thus : </P> <P> Mr. John Smith </P> <P> 3256 Epiphenomenal Avenue </P> Minneapolis , MN 55416 <P> In 1967 , these became mandatory for second and third - class bulk mailers , and the system was soon adopted generally . The United States Post Office used a cartoon character which it called Mr. ZIP to promote the use of the ZIP Code . He was often depicted with a legend such as `` USE ZIP CODE '' in the selvage of panes of postage stamps or on the covers of booklet panes of stamps . </P> <P> In 1971 Elmira ( NY ) Star Gazette reporter Dick Baumbach found out the White House was not using a zip code on its envelopes . Herb Klein , special assistant to President Nixon , responded by saying the next printing of envelopes would include the zip code . That did occur . </P> <H3> ZIP + 4 ( edit ) </H3> <P> In 1983 , the U.S. Postal Service introduced an expanded ZIP Code system that it called ZIP + 4 , often called `` plus - four codes '' , `` add - on codes '' , or `` add - ons '' . A ZIP + 4 Code uses the basic five - digit code plus four additional digits to identify a geographic segment within the five - digit delivery area , such as a city block , a group of apartments , an individual high - volume receiver of mail , a post office box , or any other unit that could use an extra identifier to aid in efficient mail sorting and delivery . However , initial attempts to promote universal use of the new format met with public resistance and today the plus - four code is not required . In general , mail is read by a multiline optical character reader ( MLOCR ) that almost instantly determines the correct ZIP + 4 Code from the address -- along with the even more specific delivery point -- and sprays an Intelligent Mail barcode ( IM ) on the face of the mail piece that corresponds to 11 digits -- nine for the ZIP + 4 Code and two for the delivery point . </P> <P> For Post Office Boxes , the general ( but not invariable ) rule is that each box has its own ZIP + 4 code . The add - on code is often one of the following : the last four digits of the box number ( e.g. PO Box 107050 , Albany , NY 12201 - 7050 ) , zero plus the last three digits of the box number ( e.g. , PO Box 17727 , Eagle River , AK 99577 - 0727 ) , or , if the box number consists of fewer than four digits , enough zeros are attached to the front of the box number to produce a four - digit\n\nQuestion:\nwhen did the post office start using zip codes\n"
},
{
"from": "agent",
"tok_len": null,
"value": "July 1 , 1963"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"tok_len": 2046,
"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nQuestion:\nwhen did the post office start using zip codes\n\nDocument:\nZIP Code - wikipedia <H1> ZIP Code </H1> Jump to : navigation , search <Table> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> This article possibly contains original research . Please improve it by verifying the claims made and adding inline citations . Statements consisting only of original research should be removed . ( June 2017 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> ZIP Codes are a system of postal codes used by the United States Postal Service ( USPS ) since 1963 . The term ZIP is an acronym for Zone Improvement Plan ; it was chosen to suggest that the mail travels more efficiently and quickly ( zipping along ) when senders use the code in the postal address . The basic format consists of five digits . An extended ' ZIP + 4 ' code was introduced in 1983 which includes the five digits of the ZIP Code , followed by a hyphen and four additional digits that reference a more specific location . </P> <P> The term ZIP Code was originally registered as a servicemark by the U.S. Postal Service , but its registration has since expired . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 History <Ul> <Li> 1.1 Early history and five - digit ZIP Codes </Li> <Li> 1.2 ZIP + 4 </Li> <Li> 1.3 Postal bar code </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 2 Structure and allocation <Ul> <Li> 2.1 Scope and international mail </Li> <Li> 2.2 By type and use </Li> <Li> 2.3 By geography <Ul> <Li> 2.3. 1 Primary state prefixes </Li> <Li> 2.3. 2 Secondary regional prefixes ( 123xx ) and local ZIP Codes ( 12345 ) </Li> <Li> 2.3. 3 ZIP Codes and previous zoning lines </Li> <Li> 2.3. 4 Division and reallocation of ZIP codes </Li> </Ul> </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 3 Other uses <Ul> <Li> 3.1 Delivery services </Li> <Li> 3.2 Statistics </Li> <Li> 3.3 Marketing </Li> <Li> 3.4 Legislative districts </Li> <Li> 3.5 Internet </Li> <Li> 3.6 Credit card security </Li> <Li> 3.7 Insurance rating </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 4 See also </Li> <Li> 5 References </Li> <Li> 6 External links </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> History ( edit ) </H2> <H3> Early History and five - digit ZIP Codes ( edit ) </H3> A 1963 U.S. Post Office sign <P> The early history and context of postal codes began with postal district / zone numbers . The United States Post Office Department ( USPOD ) implemented postal zones for numerous large cities in 1943 . For example : </P> <P> Mr. John Smith </P> <P> 3256 Epiphenomenal Avenue </P> Minneapolis 16 , Minnesota <P> The `` 16 '' was the number of the postal zone from the specific city . </P> <P> By the early 1960s , a more organized system was needed , and non-mandatory five - digit ZIP Codes were introduced nationwide on July 1 , 1963 . The USPOD issued its Publication 59 : Abbreviations for Use with ZIP Code on October 1 , 1963 , with the list of two - letter state abbreviations which are generally written with both letters capitalized . An earlier list in June had proposed capitalized abbreviations ranging from two to five letters . According to Publication 59 , the two - letter standard was `` based on a maximum 23 - position line , because this has been found to be the most universally acceptable line capacity basis for major addressing systems '' , which would be exceeded by a long city name combined with a multi-letter state abbreviation , such as `` Sacramento , Calif . '' along with the ZIP Code . The abbreviations have remained unchanged , with the exception of Nebraska , which was changed from NB to NE in 1969 at the request of the Canadian postal administration , to avoid confusion with the Canadian province of New Brunswick . </P> <P> Robert Moon is considered the father of the ZIP Code ; he submitted his proposal in 1944 while working as a postal inspector . The post office only credits Moon with the first three digits of the ZIP Code , which describe the sectional center facility ( SCF ) or `` sec center . '' An SCF is a central mail processing facility with those three digits . The fourth and fifth digits were proposed by Henry Bentley Hahn Sr which give a more precise locale within the SCF . The SCF sorts mail to all post offices with those first three digits in their ZIP Codes . The mail is sorted according to the final two digits of the ZIP Code and sent to the corresponding post offices in the early morning . Sectional centers do not deliver mail and are not open to the public ( though the building may include a post office open to the public ) , and most of their employees work night shift . Mail picked up at post offices is sent to their own SCF in the afternoon , where the mail is sorted overnight . In the cases of large cities , the last two digits coincide with the older postal zone number thus : </P> <P> Mr. John Smith </P> <P> 3256 Epiphenomenal Avenue </P> Minneapolis , MN 55416 <P> In 1967 , these became mandatory for second and third - class bulk mailers , and the system was soon adopted generally . The United States Post Office used a cartoon character which it called Mr. ZIP to promote the use of the ZIP Code . He was often depicted with a legend such as `` USE ZIP CODE '' in the selvage of panes of postage stamps or on the covers of booklet panes of stamps . </P> <P> In 1971 Elmira ( NY ) Star Gazette reporter Dick Baumbach found out the White House was not using a zip code on its envelopes . Herb Klein , special assistant to President Nixon , responded by saying the next printing of envelopes would include the zip code . That did occur . </P> <H3> ZIP + 4 ( edit ) </H3> <P> In 1983 , the U.S. Postal Service introduced an expanded ZIP Code system that it called ZIP + 4 , often called `` plus - four codes '' , `` add - on codes '' , or `` add - ons '' . A ZIP + 4 Code uses the basic five - digit code plus four additional digits to identify a geographic segment within the five - digit delivery area , such as a city block , a group of apartments , an individual high - volume receiver of mail , a post office box , or any other unit that could use an extra identifier to aid in efficient mail sorting and delivery . However , initial attempts to promote universal use of the new format met with public resistance and today the plus - four code is not required . In general , mail is read by a multiline optical character reader ( MLOCR ) that almost instantly determines the correct ZIP + 4 Code from the address -- along with the even more specific delivery point -- and sprays an Intelligent Mail barcode ( IM ) on the face of the mail piece that corresponds to 11 digits -- nine for the ZIP + 4 Code and two for the delivery point . </P> <P> For Post Office Boxes , the general ( but not invariable ) rule is that each box has its own ZIP + 4 code . The add - on code is often one of the following : the last four digits of the box number ( e.g. PO Box 107050 , Albany , NY 12201 - 7050 ) , zero plus the last three digits of the box number ( e.g. , PO Box 17727 , Eagle River , AK 99577 - 0727 ) , or , if the box number consists of fewer than four digits , enough zeros are attached to the front of the box number to produce a four - digit\n"
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"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nDocument:\nWind in the Door </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> A Wrinkle in Time is a science fantasy novel written by American writer Madeleine L'Engle , first published in 1962 . The book won the Newbery Medal , Sequoyah Book Award , and Lewis Carroll Shelf Award , and was runner - up for the Hans Christian Andersen Award . It is the first book in L'Engle's Time Quintet , which follows the Murrys and Calvin O'Keefe . </P> <P> The book spawned two film adaptations , both by Disney : a 2003 television film directed by John Kent Harrison , and a 2018 theatrical film directed by Ava DuVernay . </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Publication history </Li> <Li> 2 Plot summary </Li> <Li> 3 Major themes </Li> <Li> 4 Reception </Li> <Li> 5 Characters <Ul> <Li> 5.1 Main characters <Ul> <Li> 5.1. 1 Margaret `` Meg '' Murry </Li> <Li> 5.1. 2 Charles Wallace Murry </Li> <Li> 5.1. 3 Calvin O'Keefe </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 5.2 Primary immortal characters <Ul> <Li> 5.2. 1 Mrs Whatsit </Li> <Li> 5.2. 2 Mrs Who </Li> <Li> 5.2. 3 Mrs Which </Li> <Li> 5.2. 4 The Man with Red Eyes </Li> <Li> 5.2. 5 IT </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 5.3 The Black Thing </Li> <Li> 5.4 Sub-characters <Ul> <Li> 5.4. 1 Alex Murry </Li> <Li> 5.4. 2 Dr. Katherine `` Kate '' Murry </Li> <Li> 5.4. 3 Sandy Murry </Li> <Li> 5.4. 4 Dennys Murry </Li> <Li> 5.4. 5 Mrs. Buncombe </Li> <Li> 5.4. 6 Mr. Jenkins </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 5.5 Supporting alien characters </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 6 Locations </Li> <Li> 7 Adaptations <Ul> <Li> 7.1 Audio books </Li> <Li> 7.2 Film adaptations </Li> <Li> 7.3 Play </Li> <Li> 7.4 Opera </Li> <Li> 7.5 Graphic novel </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 8 References in popular culture </Li> <Li> 9 Further reading <Ul> <Li> 9.1 Other books in the series </Li> <Li> 9.2 Concerning A Wrinkle in Time </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 10 See also </Li> <Li> 11 Notes </Li> <Li> 12 References </Li> <Li> 13 External links </Li> </Ul> <H2> Publication history ( edit ) </H2> <P> The book was written between 1959 and 1960 . L'Engle wrote repeatedly about the writing of the story and the long struggle to get it published . In A Circle of Quiet ( 1972 ) , she explains that the book was conceived `` during a time of transition . '' After years of living in rural Goshen , Connecticut , and running a general store , L'Engle's family , the Franklins , moved back to New York City , first taking a ten - week camping trip across the country and back again . L'Engle writes that `` we drove through a world of deserts and buttes and leafless mountains , wholly new and alien to me . And suddenly into my mind came the names , Mrs Whatsit . Mrs Who . Mrs Which . '' This was in the spring of 1959 . L'Engle was reading about quantum physics at the time , which also made its way into the story . When she completed the book in early 1960 , however , it was rejected by at least 26 publishers , because it was , in L'Engle's words , `` too different , '' and `` because it deals overtly with the problem of evil , and it was really difficult for children , and was it a children 's or an adults ' book , anyhow ? '' </P> <P> In `` A Special Message from Madeleine L'Engle '' on the Random House website , L'Engle explains another possible reason for the rejections : `` A Wrinkle in Time had a female protagonist in a science fiction book , '' which at the time was uncommon . After trying `` forty - odd '' publishers ( L'Engle later said `` twenty - six rejections '' ) , L'Engle's agent returned the manuscript to her . Then at Christmas , L'Engle threw a tea party for her mother . One of the guests happened to know John C. Farrar of Farrar , Straus and Giroux , and insisted that L'Engle should meet with him . Although the publisher did not , at the time , publish a line of children 's books , Farrar met L'Engle , liked the novel , and ultimately published it . </P> <P> In 1963 the book won the Newbery Medal which awarded annually by the Association for Library Service to Children , a division of the American Library Association , to the author of the most distinguished contribution to American literature for children . The book has been continuously in print since its first publication . The hardback edition is still published by Farrar , Straus & Giroux . The original blue dust jacket by Ellen Raskin was replaced with new art by Leo and Diane Dillon , with the publication of A Swiftly Tilting Planet in 1978 . The book has also been published in a 25th anniversary collectors ' edition ( limited to 500 signed and numbered copies ) , at least two book club editions ( one hardback , one Scholastic Book Services paperback ) , as a trade paperback under the Dell Yearling imprint , and as a mass market paperback under the Dell Laurel - Leaf imprint . The cover art on the paperback editions has changed several times since first publication . </P> <P> The book was reissued by Square Fish in trade and mass market paperback formats in May 2007 , along with the rest of the Time Quintet . This new edition includes a previously unpublished interview with L'Engle as well as the text of her Newbery Medal acceptance speech . </P> <H2> Plot summary ( edit ) </H2> <P> Thirteen - year - old Meg Murry 's classmates and teachers see her as a troublesome and stubborn student . Her family knows that she is emotionally immature but also sees her capable of doing great things . The family includes her scientist mother Katherine , her missing scientist father Alexander , the twins Sandy and Dennys , and her five - year - old brother Charles Wallace Murry , a child genius who can sometimes read Meg 's mind . </P> <P> The book begins with the line `` It was a dark and stormy night , '' an allusion to the opening words in Edward Bulwer - Lytton 's 1830 novel Paul Clifford . Unable to sleep during a thunderstorm , Meg descends from her attic room to find Charles Wallace sitting at the table drinking milk and eating bread and jam . They are then joined by their mother , and are visited by their new eccentric neighbor , Mrs Whatsit . In the course of conversation , Mrs Whatsit casually mentions there is such a thing as a tesseract , which causes Katherine to almost faint . </P> <P> The next morning , Meg discovers that the term refers to a scientific concept her father was working on before his mysterious disappearance . The following afternoon , Meg and Charles Wallace encounter Meg 's schoolmate , Calvin O'Keefe , a high - school junior who , although he is a `` big man on campus '' , considers himself a misfit as well . They then go to visit an old haunted house near town which Charles Wallace already knows is the home of Mrs Whatsit . There they encounter two companions of Mrs Whatsit 's , the equally strange Mrs Who and the unseen voice of Mrs Which . She pro\n\nQuestion:\nwhen was the novel a wrinkle in time written\n"
},
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"from": "agent",
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"value": "1962"
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[
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"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nQuestion:\nwhen was the novel a wrinkle in time written\n\nDocument:\nWind in the Door </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> A Wrinkle in Time is a science fantasy novel written by American writer Madeleine L'Engle , first published in 1962 . The book won the Newbery Medal , Sequoyah Book Award , and Lewis Carroll Shelf Award , and was runner - up for the Hans Christian Andersen Award . It is the first book in L'Engle's Time Quintet , which follows the Murrys and Calvin O'Keefe . </P> <P> The book spawned two film adaptations , both by Disney : a 2003 television film directed by John Kent Harrison , and a 2018 theatrical film directed by Ava DuVernay . </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Publication history </Li> <Li> 2 Plot summary </Li> <Li> 3 Major themes </Li> <Li> 4 Reception </Li> <Li> 5 Characters <Ul> <Li> 5.1 Main characters <Ul> <Li> 5.1. 1 Margaret `` Meg '' Murry </Li> <Li> 5.1. 2 Charles Wallace Murry </Li> <Li> 5.1. 3 Calvin O'Keefe </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 5.2 Primary immortal characters <Ul> <Li> 5.2. 1 Mrs Whatsit </Li> <Li> 5.2. 2 Mrs Who </Li> <Li> 5.2. 3 Mrs Which </Li> <Li> 5.2. 4 The Man with Red Eyes </Li> <Li> 5.2. 5 IT </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 5.3 The Black Thing </Li> <Li> 5.4 Sub-characters <Ul> <Li> 5.4. 1 Alex Murry </Li> <Li> 5.4. 2 Dr. Katherine `` Kate '' Murry </Li> <Li> 5.4. 3 Sandy Murry </Li> <Li> 5.4. 4 Dennys Murry </Li> <Li> 5.4. 5 Mrs. Buncombe </Li> <Li> 5.4. 6 Mr. Jenkins </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 5.5 Supporting alien characters </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 6 Locations </Li> <Li> 7 Adaptations <Ul> <Li> 7.1 Audio books </Li> <Li> 7.2 Film adaptations </Li> <Li> 7.3 Play </Li> <Li> 7.4 Opera </Li> <Li> 7.5 Graphic novel </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 8 References in popular culture </Li> <Li> 9 Further reading <Ul> <Li> 9.1 Other books in the series </Li> <Li> 9.2 Concerning A Wrinkle in Time </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 10 See also </Li> <Li> 11 Notes </Li> <Li> 12 References </Li> <Li> 13 External links </Li> </Ul> <H2> Publication history ( edit ) </H2> <P> The book was written between 1959 and 1960 . L'Engle wrote repeatedly about the writing of the story and the long struggle to get it published . In A Circle of Quiet ( 1972 ) , she explains that the book was conceived `` during a time of transition . '' After years of living in rural Goshen , Connecticut , and running a general store , L'Engle's family , the Franklins , moved back to New York City , first taking a ten - week camping trip across the country and back again . L'Engle writes that `` we drove through a world of deserts and buttes and leafless mountains , wholly new and alien to me . And suddenly into my mind came the names , Mrs Whatsit . Mrs Who . Mrs Which . '' This was in the spring of 1959 . L'Engle was reading about quantum physics at the time , which also made its way into the story . When she completed the book in early 1960 , however , it was rejected by at least 26 publishers , because it was , in L'Engle's words , `` too different , '' and `` because it deals overtly with the problem of evil , and it was really difficult for children , and was it a children 's or an adults ' book , anyhow ? '' </P> <P> In `` A Special Message from Madeleine L'Engle '' on the Random House website , L'Engle explains another possible reason for the rejections : `` A Wrinkle in Time had a female protagonist in a science fiction book , '' which at the time was uncommon . After trying `` forty - odd '' publishers ( L'Engle later said `` twenty - six rejections '' ) , L'Engle's agent returned the manuscript to her . Then at Christmas , L'Engle threw a tea party for her mother . One of the guests happened to know John C. Farrar of Farrar , Straus and Giroux , and insisted that L'Engle should meet with him . Although the publisher did not , at the time , publish a line of children 's books , Farrar met L'Engle , liked the novel , and ultimately published it . </P> <P> In 1963 the book won the Newbery Medal which awarded annually by the Association for Library Service to Children , a division of the American Library Association , to the author of the most distinguished contribution to American literature for children . The book has been continuously in print since its first publication . The hardback edition is still published by Farrar , Straus & Giroux . The original blue dust jacket by Ellen Raskin was replaced with new art by Leo and Diane Dillon , with the publication of A Swiftly Tilting Planet in 1978 . The book has also been published in a 25th anniversary collectors ' edition ( limited to 500 signed and numbered copies ) , at least two book club editions ( one hardback , one Scholastic Book Services paperback ) , as a trade paperback under the Dell Yearling imprint , and as a mass market paperback under the Dell Laurel - Leaf imprint . The cover art on the paperback editions has changed several times since first publication . </P> <P> The book was reissued by Square Fish in trade and mass market paperback formats in May 2007 , along with the rest of the Time Quintet . This new edition includes a previously unpublished interview with L'Engle as well as the text of her Newbery Medal acceptance speech . </P> <H2> Plot summary ( edit ) </H2> <P> Thirteen - year - old Meg Murry 's classmates and teachers see her as a troublesome and stubborn student . Her family knows that she is emotionally immature but also sees her capable of doing great things . The family includes her scientist mother Katherine , her missing scientist father Alexander , the twins Sandy and Dennys , and her five - year - old brother Charles Wallace Murry , a child genius who can sometimes read Meg 's mind . </P> <P> The book begins with the line `` It was a dark and stormy night , '' an allusion to the opening words in Edward Bulwer - Lytton 's 1830 novel Paul Clifford . Unable to sleep during a thunderstorm , Meg descends from her attic room to find Charles Wallace sitting at the table drinking milk and eating bread and jam . They are then joined by their mother , and are visited by their new eccentric neighbor , Mrs Whatsit . In the course of conversation , Mrs Whatsit casually mentions there is such a thing as a tesseract , which causes Katherine to almost faint . </P> <P> The next morning , Meg discovers that the term refers to a scientific concept her father was working on before his mysterious disappearance . The following afternoon , Meg and Charles Wallace encounter Meg 's schoolmate , Calvin O'Keefe , a high - school junior who , although he is a `` big man on campus '' , considers himself a misfit as well . They then go to visit an old haunted house near town which Charles Wallace already knows is the home of Mrs Whatsit . There they encounter two companions of Mrs Whatsit 's , the equally strange Mrs Who and the unseen voice of Mrs Which . She pro\n"
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[
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"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nDocument:\nA Wrinkle in Time - wikipedia <H1> A Wrinkle in Time </H1> Jump to : navigation , search For the film adaptations , see A Wrinkle in Time ( 2003 film ) and A Wrinkle in Time ( 2018 film ) . <Table> A Wrinkle in Time <Tr> <Td_colspan=\"2\"> First - edition dust jacket </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Author </Th> <Td> Madeleine L'Engle </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Illustrator </Th> <Td> Ellen Raskin ( 1960s editions ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Country </Th> <Td> United States </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Language </Th> <Td> English </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Series </Th> <Td> Time Quintet </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Genre </Th> <Td> Young Adult , Science fantasy </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Publisher </Th> <Td> Farrar , Straus & Giroux </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Publication date </Th> <Td> January 1 , 1962 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> OCLC </Th> <Td> 22421788 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> LC Class </Th> <Td> PZ7. L5385 Wr 1962 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Followed by </Th> <Td> A Wind in the Door </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> A Wrinkle in Time is a science fantasy novel written by American writer Madeleine L'Engle , first published in 1962 . The book won the Newbery Medal , Sequoyah Book Award , and Lewis Carroll Shelf Award , and was runner - up for the Hans Christian Andersen Award . It is the first book in L'Engle's Time Quintet , which follows the Murrys and Calvin O'Keefe . </P> <P> The book spawned two film adaptations , both by Disney : a 2003 television film directed by John Kent Harrison , and a 2018 theatrical film directed by Ava DuVernay . </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Publication history </Li> <Li> 2 Plot summary </Li> <Li> 3 Major themes </Li> <Li> 4 Reception </Li> <Li> 5 Characters <Ul> <Li> 5.1 Main characters <Ul> <Li> 5.1. 1 Margaret `` Meg '' Murry </Li> <Li> 5.1. 2 Charles Wallace Murry </Li> <Li> 5.1. 3 Calvin O'Keefe </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 5.2 Primary immortal characters <Ul> <Li> 5.2. 1 Mrs Whatsit </Li> <Li> 5.2. 2 Mrs Who </Li> <Li> 5.2. 3 Mrs Which </Li> <Li> 5.2. 4 The Man with Red Eyes </Li> <Li> 5.2. 5 IT </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 5.3 The Black Thing </Li> <Li> 5.4 Sub-characters <Ul> <Li> 5.4. 1 Alex Murry </Li> <Li> 5.4. 2 Dr. Katherine `` Kate '' Murry </Li> <Li> 5.4. 3 Sandy Murry </Li> <Li> 5.4. 4 Dennys Murry </Li> <Li> 5.4. 5 Mrs. Buncombe </Li> <Li> 5.4. 6 Mr. Jenkins </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 5.5 Supporting alien characters </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 6 Locations </Li> <Li> 7 Adaptations <Ul> <Li> 7.1 Audio books </Li> <Li> 7.2 Film adaptations </Li> <Li> 7.3 Play </Li> <Li> 7.4 Opera </Li> <Li> 7.5 Graphic novel </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 8 References in popular culture </Li> <Li> 9 Further reading <Ul> <Li> 9.1 Other books in the series </Li> <Li> 9.2 Concerning A Wrinkle in Time </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 10 See also </Li> <Li> 11 Notes </Li> <Li> 12 References </Li> <Li> 13 External links </Li> </Ul> <H2> Publication history ( edit ) </H2> <P> The book was written between 1959 and 1960 . L'Engle wrote repeatedly about the writing of the story and the long struggle to get it published . In A Circle of Quiet ( 1972 ) , she explains that the book was conceived `` during a time of transition . '' After years of living in rural Goshen , Connecticut , and running a general store , L'Engle's family , the Franklins , moved back to New York City , first taking a ten - week camping trip across the country and back again . L'Engle writes that `` we drove through a world of deserts and buttes and leafless mountains , wholly new and alien to me . And suddenly into my mind came the names , Mrs Whatsit . Mrs Who . Mrs Which . '' This was in the spring of 1959 . L'Engle was reading about quantum physics at the time , which also made its way into the story . When she completed the book in early 1960 , however , it was rejected by at least 26 publishers , because it was , in L'Engle's words , `` too different , '' and `` because it deals overtly with the problem of evil , and it was really difficult for children , and was it a children 's or an adults ' book , anyhow ? '' </P> <P> In `` A Special Message from Madeleine L'Engle '' on the Random House website , L'Engle explains another possible reason for the rejections : `` A Wrinkle in Time had a female protagonist in a science fiction book , '' which at the time was uncommon . After trying `` forty - odd '' publishers ( L'Engle later said `` twenty - six rejections '' ) , L'Engle's agent returned the manuscript to her . Then at Christmas , L'Engle threw a tea party for her mother . One of the guests happened to know John C. Farrar of Farrar , Straus and Giroux , and insisted that L'Engle should meet with him . Although the publisher did not , at the time , publish a line of children 's books , Farrar met L'Engle , liked the novel , and ultimately published it . </P> <P> In 1963 the book won the Newbery Medal which awarded annually by the Association for Library Service to Children , a division of the American Library Association , to the author of the most distinguished contribution to American literature for children . The book has been continuously in print since its first publication . The hardback edition is still published by Farrar , Straus & Giroux . The original blue dust jacket by Ellen Raskin was replaced with new art by Leo and Diane Dillon , with the publication of A Swiftly Tilting Planet in 1978 . The book has also been published in a 25th anniversary collectors ' edition ( limited to 500 signed and numbered copies ) , at least two book club editions ( one hardback , one Scholastic Book Services paperback ) , as a trade paperback under the Dell Yearling imprint , and as a mass market paperback under the Dell Laurel - Leaf imprint . The cover art on the paperback editions has changed several times since first publication . </P> <P> The book was reissued by Square Fish in trade and mass market paperback formats in May 2007 , along with the rest of the Time Quintet . This new edition includes a previously unpublished interview with L'Engle as well as the text of her Newbery Medal acceptance speech . </P> <H2> Plot summary ( edit ) </H2> <P> Thirteen - year - old Meg Murry 's classmates and teachers see her as a troublesome and stubborn student . Her family knows that she is emotionally immature but also sees her capable of doing great things . The family includes her scientist mother Katherine , her missing scientist father Alexander , the twins Sandy and Dennys , and her five - year - old brother Charles Wallace Murry , a child genius who can sometimes read Meg 's mind . </P> <P> The book begins with the line `` It was a dark and stormy night , '' an allusion to the opening words in Edward Bulwer - Lytton 's 1830 novel Paul Clifford . Unable to sleep during a thunderstorm , Meg descends from her attic room to find Charles\n\nQuestion:\nwhen was the novel a wrinkle in time written\n"
},
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"value": "1962"
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[
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"from": "human",
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"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nQuestion:\nwhen was the novel a wrinkle in time written\n\nDocument:\nA Wrinkle in Time - wikipedia <H1> A Wrinkle in Time </H1> Jump to : navigation , search For the film adaptations , see A Wrinkle in Time ( 2003 film ) and A Wrinkle in Time ( 2018 film ) . <Table> A Wrinkle in Time <Tr> <Td_colspan=\"2\"> First - edition dust jacket </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Author </Th> <Td> Madeleine L'Engle </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Illustrator </Th> <Td> Ellen Raskin ( 1960s editions ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Country </Th> <Td> United States </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Language </Th> <Td> English </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Series </Th> <Td> Time Quintet </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Genre </Th> <Td> Young Adult , Science fantasy </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Publisher </Th> <Td> Farrar , Straus & Giroux </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Publication date </Th> <Td> January 1 , 1962 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> OCLC </Th> <Td> 22421788 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> LC Class </Th> <Td> PZ7. L5385 Wr 1962 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Followed by </Th> <Td> A Wind in the Door </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> A Wrinkle in Time is a science fantasy novel written by American writer Madeleine L'Engle , first published in 1962 . The book won the Newbery Medal , Sequoyah Book Award , and Lewis Carroll Shelf Award , and was runner - up for the Hans Christian Andersen Award . It is the first book in L'Engle's Time Quintet , which follows the Murrys and Calvin O'Keefe . </P> <P> The book spawned two film adaptations , both by Disney : a 2003 television film directed by John Kent Harrison , and a 2018 theatrical film directed by Ava DuVernay . </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Publication history </Li> <Li> 2 Plot summary </Li> <Li> 3 Major themes </Li> <Li> 4 Reception </Li> <Li> 5 Characters <Ul> <Li> 5.1 Main characters <Ul> <Li> 5.1. 1 Margaret `` Meg '' Murry </Li> <Li> 5.1. 2 Charles Wallace Murry </Li> <Li> 5.1. 3 Calvin O'Keefe </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 5.2 Primary immortal characters <Ul> <Li> 5.2. 1 Mrs Whatsit </Li> <Li> 5.2. 2 Mrs Who </Li> <Li> 5.2. 3 Mrs Which </Li> <Li> 5.2. 4 The Man with Red Eyes </Li> <Li> 5.2. 5 IT </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 5.3 The Black Thing </Li> <Li> 5.4 Sub-characters <Ul> <Li> 5.4. 1 Alex Murry </Li> <Li> 5.4. 2 Dr. Katherine `` Kate '' Murry </Li> <Li> 5.4. 3 Sandy Murry </Li> <Li> 5.4. 4 Dennys Murry </Li> <Li> 5.4. 5 Mrs. Buncombe </Li> <Li> 5.4. 6 Mr. Jenkins </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 5.5 Supporting alien characters </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 6 Locations </Li> <Li> 7 Adaptations <Ul> <Li> 7.1 Audio books </Li> <Li> 7.2 Film adaptations </Li> <Li> 7.3 Play </Li> <Li> 7.4 Opera </Li> <Li> 7.5 Graphic novel </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 8 References in popular culture </Li> <Li> 9 Further reading <Ul> <Li> 9.1 Other books in the series </Li> <Li> 9.2 Concerning A Wrinkle in Time </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 10 See also </Li> <Li> 11 Notes </Li> <Li> 12 References </Li> <Li> 13 External links </Li> </Ul> <H2> Publication history ( edit ) </H2> <P> The book was written between 1959 and 1960 . L'Engle wrote repeatedly about the writing of the story and the long struggle to get it published . In A Circle of Quiet ( 1972 ) , she explains that the book was conceived `` during a time of transition . '' After years of living in rural Goshen , Connecticut , and running a general store , L'Engle's family , the Franklins , moved back to New York City , first taking a ten - week camping trip across the country and back again . L'Engle writes that `` we drove through a world of deserts and buttes and leafless mountains , wholly new and alien to me . And suddenly into my mind came the names , Mrs Whatsit . Mrs Who . Mrs Which . '' This was in the spring of 1959 . L'Engle was reading about quantum physics at the time , which also made its way into the story . When she completed the book in early 1960 , however , it was rejected by at least 26 publishers , because it was , in L'Engle's words , `` too different , '' and `` because it deals overtly with the problem of evil , and it was really difficult for children , and was it a children 's or an adults ' book , anyhow ? '' </P> <P> In `` A Special Message from Madeleine L'Engle '' on the Random House website , L'Engle explains another possible reason for the rejections : `` A Wrinkle in Time had a female protagonist in a science fiction book , '' which at the time was uncommon . After trying `` forty - odd '' publishers ( L'Engle later said `` twenty - six rejections '' ) , L'Engle's agent returned the manuscript to her . Then at Christmas , L'Engle threw a tea party for her mother . One of the guests happened to know John C. Farrar of Farrar , Straus and Giroux , and insisted that L'Engle should meet with him . Although the publisher did not , at the time , publish a line of children 's books , Farrar met L'Engle , liked the novel , and ultimately published it . </P> <P> In 1963 the book won the Newbery Medal which awarded annually by the Association for Library Service to Children , a division of the American Library Association , to the author of the most distinguished contribution to American literature for children . The book has been continuously in print since its first publication . The hardback edition is still published by Farrar , Straus & Giroux . The original blue dust jacket by Ellen Raskin was replaced with new art by Leo and Diane Dillon , with the publication of A Swiftly Tilting Planet in 1978 . The book has also been published in a 25th anniversary collectors ' edition ( limited to 500 signed and numbered copies ) , at least two book club editions ( one hardback , one Scholastic Book Services paperback ) , as a trade paperback under the Dell Yearling imprint , and as a mass market paperback under the Dell Laurel - Leaf imprint . The cover art on the paperback editions has changed several times since first publication . </P> <P> The book was reissued by Square Fish in trade and mass market paperback formats in May 2007 , along with the rest of the Time Quintet . This new edition includes a previously unpublished interview with L'Engle as well as the text of her Newbery Medal acceptance speech . </P> <H2> Plot summary ( edit ) </H2> <P> Thirteen - year - old Meg Murry 's classmates and teachers see her as a troublesome and stubborn student . Her family knows that she is emotionally immature but also sees her capable of doing great things . The family includes her scientist mother Katherine , her missing scientist father Alexander , the twins Sandy and Dennys , and her five - year - old brother Charles Wallace Murry , a child genius who can sometimes read Meg 's mind . </P> <P> The book begins with the line `` It was a dark and stormy night , '' an allusion to the opening words in Edward Bulwer - Lytton 's 1830 novel Paul Clifford . Unable to sleep during a thunderstorm , Meg descends from her attic room to find Charles\n"
},
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"value": "1962"
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[
{
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"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nDocument:\nA Wrinkle in Time - wikipedia <H1> A Wrinkle in Time </H1> Jump to : navigation , search For the film adaptations , see A Wrinkle in Time ( 2003 film ) and A Wrinkle in Time ( 2018 film ) . <Table> A Wrinkle in Time <Tr> <Td_colspan=\"2\"> First - edition dust jacket </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Author </Th> <Td> Madeleine L'Engle </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Illustrator </Th> <Td> Ellen Raskin ( 1960s editions ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Country </Th> <Td> United States </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Language </Th> <Td> English </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Series </Th> <Td> Time Quintet </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Genre </Th> <Td> Young Adult , Science fantasy </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Publisher </Th> <Td> Farrar , Straus & Giroux </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Publication date </Th> <Td> January 1 , 1962 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> OCLC </Th> <Td> 22421788 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> LC Class </Th> <Td> PZ7. L5385 Wr 1962 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Followed by </Th> <Td> A Wind in the Door </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> A Wrinkle in Time is a science fantasy novel written by American writer Madeleine L'Engle , first published in 1962 . The book won the Newbery Medal , Sequoyah Book Award , and Lewis Carroll Shelf Award , and was runner - up for the Hans Christian Andersen Award . It is the first book in L'Engle's Time Quintet , which follows the Murrys and Calvin O'Keefe . </P> <P> The book spawned two film adaptations , both by Disney : a 2003 television film directed by John Kent Harrison , and a 2018 theatrical film directed by Ava DuVernay . </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Publication history </Li> <Li> 2 Plot summary </Li> <Li> 3 Major themes </Li> <Li> 4 Reception </Li> <Li> 5 Characters <Ul> <Li> 5.1 Main characters <Ul> <Li> 5.1. 1 Margaret `` Meg '' Murry </Li> <Li> 5.1. 2 Charles Wallace Murry </Li> <Li> 5.1. 3 Calvin O'Keefe </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 5.2 Primary immortal characters <Ul> <Li> 5.2. 1 Mrs Whatsit </Li> <Li> 5.2. 2 Mrs Who </Li> <Li> 5.2. 3 Mrs Which </Li> <Li> 5.2. 4 The Man with Red Eyes </Li> <Li> 5.2. 5 IT </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 5.3 The Black Thing </Li> <Li> 5.4 Sub-characters <Ul> <Li> 5.4. 1 Alex Murry </Li> <Li> 5.4. 2 Dr. Katherine `` Kate '' Murry </Li> <Li> 5.4. 3 Sandy Murry </Li> <Li> 5.4. 4 Dennys Murry </Li> <Li> 5.4. 5 Mrs. Buncombe </Li> <Li> 5.4. 6 Mr. Jenkins </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 5.5 Supporting alien characters </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 6 Locations </Li> <Li> 7 Adaptations <Ul> <Li> 7.1 Audio books </Li> <Li> 7.2 Film adaptations </Li> <Li> 7.3 Play </Li> <Li> 7.4 Opera </Li> <Li> 7.5 Graphic novel </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 8 References in popular culture </Li> <Li> 9 Further reading <Ul> <Li> 9.1 Other books in the series </Li> <Li> 9.2 Concerning A Wrinkle in Time </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 10 See also </Li> <Li> 11 Notes </Li> <Li> 12 References </Li> <Li> 13 External links </Li> </Ul> <H2> Publication history ( edit ) </H2> <P> The book was written between 1959 and 1960 . L'Engle wrote repeatedly about the writing of the story and the long struggle to get it published . In A Circle of Quiet ( 1972 ) , she explains that the book was conceived `` during a time of transition . '' After years of living in rural Goshen , Connecticut , and running a general store , L'Engle's family , the Franklins , moved back to New York City , first taking a ten - week camping trip across the country and back again . L'Engle writes that `` we drove through a world of deserts and buttes and leafless mountains , wholly new and alien to me . And suddenly into my mind came the names , Mrs Whatsit . Mrs Who . Mrs Which . '' This was in the spring of 1959 . L'Engle was reading about quantum physics at the time , which also made its way into the story . When she completed the book in early 1960 , however , it was rejected by at least 26 publishers , because it was , in L'Engle's words , `` too different , '' and `` because it deals overtly with the problem of evil , and it was really difficult for children , and was it a children 's or an adults ' book , anyhow ? '' </P> <P> In `` A Special Message from Madeleine L'Engle '' on the Random House website , L'Engle explains another possible reason for the rejections : `` A Wrinkle in Time had a female protagonist in a science fiction book , '' which at the time was uncommon . After trying `` forty - odd '' publishers ( L'Engle later said `` twenty - six rejections '' ) , L'Engle's agent returned the manuscript to her . Then at Christmas , L'Engle threw a tea party for her mother . One of the guests happened to know John C. Farrar of Farrar , Straus and Giroux , and insisted that L'Engle should meet with him . Although the publisher did not , at the time , publish a line of children 's books , Farrar met L'Engle , liked the novel , and ultimately published it . </P> <P> In 1963 the book won the Newbery Medal which awarded annually by the Association for Library Service to Children , a division of the American Library Association , to the author of the most distinguished contribution to American literature for children . The book has been continuously in print since its first publication . The hardback edition is still published by Farrar , Straus & Giroux . The original blue dust jacket by Ellen Raskin was replaced with new art by Leo and Diane Dillon , with the publication of A Swiftly Tilting Planet in 1978 . The book has also been published in a 25th anniversary collectors ' edition ( limited to 500 signed and numbered copies ) , at least two book club editions ( one hardback , one Scholastic Book Services paperback ) , as a trade paperback under the Dell Yearling imprint , and as a mass market paperback under the Dell Laurel - Leaf imprint . The cover art on the paperback editions has changed several times since first publication . </P> <P> The book was reissued by Square Fish in trade and mass market paperback formats in May 2007 , along with the rest of the Time Quintet . This new edition includes a previously unpublished interview with L'Engle as well as the text of her Newbery Medal acceptance speech . </P> <H2> Plot summary ( edit ) </H2> <P> Thirteen - year - old Meg Murry 's classmates and teachers see her as a troublesome and stubborn student . Her family knows that she is emotionally immature but also sees her capable of doing great things . The family includes her scientist mother Katherine , her missing scientist father Alexander , the twins Sandy and Dennys , and her five - year - old brother Charles Wallace Murry , a child genius who can sometimes read Meg 's mind . </P> <P> The book begins with the line `` It was a dark and stormy night , '' an allusion to the opening words in Edward Bulwer - Lytton 's 1830 novel Paul Clifford . Unable to sleep during a thunderstorm , Meg descends from her attic room to find Charles\n\nQuestion:\nwhen was the novel a wrinkle in time written\n"
},
{
"from": "agent",
"tok_len": null,
"value": "1962"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"tok_len": 2267,
"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nQuestion:\nwhen was the novel a wrinkle in time written\n\nDocument:\nA Wrinkle in Time - wikipedia <H1> A Wrinkle in Time </H1> Jump to : navigation , search For the film adaptations , see A Wrinkle in Time ( 2003 film ) and A Wrinkle in Time ( 2018 film ) . <Table> A Wrinkle in Time <Tr> <Td_colspan=\"2\"> First - edition dust jacket </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Author </Th> <Td> Madeleine L'Engle </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Illustrator </Th> <Td> Ellen Raskin ( 1960s editions ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Country </Th> <Td> United States </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Language </Th> <Td> English </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Series </Th> <Td> Time Quintet </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Genre </Th> <Td> Young Adult , Science fantasy </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Publisher </Th> <Td> Farrar , Straus & Giroux </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Publication date </Th> <Td> January 1 , 1962 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> OCLC </Th> <Td> 22421788 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> LC Class </Th> <Td> PZ7. L5385 Wr 1962 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Followed by </Th> <Td> A Wind in the Door </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> A Wrinkle in Time is a science fantasy novel written by American writer Madeleine L'Engle , first published in 1962 . The book won the Newbery Medal , Sequoyah Book Award , and Lewis Carroll Shelf Award , and was runner - up for the Hans Christian Andersen Award . It is the first book in L'Engle's Time Quintet , which follows the Murrys and Calvin O'Keefe . </P> <P> The book spawned two film adaptations , both by Disney : a 2003 television film directed by John Kent Harrison , and a 2018 theatrical film directed by Ava DuVernay . </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Publication history </Li> <Li> 2 Plot summary </Li> <Li> 3 Major themes </Li> <Li> 4 Reception </Li> <Li> 5 Characters <Ul> <Li> 5.1 Main characters <Ul> <Li> 5.1. 1 Margaret `` Meg '' Murry </Li> <Li> 5.1. 2 Charles Wallace Murry </Li> <Li> 5.1. 3 Calvin O'Keefe </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 5.2 Primary immortal characters <Ul> <Li> 5.2. 1 Mrs Whatsit </Li> <Li> 5.2. 2 Mrs Who </Li> <Li> 5.2. 3 Mrs Which </Li> <Li> 5.2. 4 The Man with Red Eyes </Li> <Li> 5.2. 5 IT </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 5.3 The Black Thing </Li> <Li> 5.4 Sub-characters <Ul> <Li> 5.4. 1 Alex Murry </Li> <Li> 5.4. 2 Dr. Katherine `` Kate '' Murry </Li> <Li> 5.4. 3 Sandy Murry </Li> <Li> 5.4. 4 Dennys Murry </Li> <Li> 5.4. 5 Mrs. Buncombe </Li> <Li> 5.4. 6 Mr. Jenkins </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 5.5 Supporting alien characters </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 6 Locations </Li> <Li> 7 Adaptations <Ul> <Li> 7.1 Audio books </Li> <Li> 7.2 Film adaptations </Li> <Li> 7.3 Play </Li> <Li> 7.4 Opera </Li> <Li> 7.5 Graphic novel </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 8 References in popular culture </Li> <Li> 9 Further reading <Ul> <Li> 9.1 Other books in the series </Li> <Li> 9.2 Concerning A Wrinkle in Time </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 10 See also </Li> <Li> 11 Notes </Li> <Li> 12 References </Li> <Li> 13 External links </Li> </Ul> <H2> Publication history ( edit ) </H2> <P> The book was written between 1959 and 1960 . L'Engle wrote repeatedly about the writing of the story and the long struggle to get it published . In A Circle of Quiet ( 1972 ) , she explains that the book was conceived `` during a time of transition . '' After years of living in rural Goshen , Connecticut , and running a general store , L'Engle's family , the Franklins , moved back to New York City , first taking a ten - week camping trip across the country and back again . L'Engle writes that `` we drove through a world of deserts and buttes and leafless mountains , wholly new and alien to me . And suddenly into my mind came the names , Mrs Whatsit . Mrs Who . Mrs Which . '' This was in the spring of 1959 . L'Engle was reading about quantum physics at the time , which also made its way into the story . When she completed the book in early 1960 , however , it was rejected by at least 26 publishers , because it was , in L'Engle's words , `` too different , '' and `` because it deals overtly with the problem of evil , and it was really difficult for children , and was it a children 's or an adults ' book , anyhow ? '' </P> <P> In `` A Special Message from Madeleine L'Engle '' on the Random House website , L'Engle explains another possible reason for the rejections : `` A Wrinkle in Time had a female protagonist in a science fiction book , '' which at the time was uncommon . After trying `` forty - odd '' publishers ( L'Engle later said `` twenty - six rejections '' ) , L'Engle's agent returned the manuscript to her . Then at Christmas , L'Engle threw a tea party for her mother . One of the guests happened to know John C. Farrar of Farrar , Straus and Giroux , and insisted that L'Engle should meet with him . Although the publisher did not , at the time , publish a line of children 's books , Farrar met L'Engle , liked the novel , and ultimately published it . </P> <P> In 1963 the book won the Newbery Medal which awarded annually by the Association for Library Service to Children , a division of the American Library Association , to the author of the most distinguished contribution to American literature for children . The book has been continuously in print since its first publication . The hardback edition is still published by Farrar , Straus & Giroux . The original blue dust jacket by Ellen Raskin was replaced with new art by Leo and Diane Dillon , with the publication of A Swiftly Tilting Planet in 1978 . The book has also been published in a 25th anniversary collectors ' edition ( limited to 500 signed and numbered copies ) , at least two book club editions ( one hardback , one Scholastic Book Services paperback ) , as a trade paperback under the Dell Yearling imprint , and as a mass market paperback under the Dell Laurel - Leaf imprint . The cover art on the paperback editions has changed several times since first publication . </P> <P> The book was reissued by Square Fish in trade and mass market paperback formats in May 2007 , along with the rest of the Time Quintet . This new edition includes a previously unpublished interview with L'Engle as well as the text of her Newbery Medal acceptance speech . </P> <H2> Plot summary ( edit ) </H2> <P> Thirteen - year - old Meg Murry 's classmates and teachers see her as a troublesome and stubborn student . Her family knows that she is emotionally immature but also sees her capable of doing great things . The family includes her scientist mother Katherine , her missing scientist father Alexander , the twins Sandy and Dennys , and her five - year - old brother Charles Wallace Murry , a child genius who can sometimes read Meg 's mind . </P> <P> The book begins with the line `` It was a dark and stormy night , '' an allusion to the opening words in Edward Bulwer - Lytton 's 1830 novel Paul Clifford . Unable to sleep during a thunderstorm , Meg descends from her attic room to find Charles\n"
},
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"from": "agent",
"tok_len": null,
"value": "1962"
}
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[
{
"from": "human",
"tok_len": 1896,
"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nDocument:\nOakland Raiders relocation to Las Vegas - wikipedia <H1> Oakland Raiders relocation to Las Vegas </H1> Jump to : navigation , search Oakland -- Alameda Coliseum before a football game . <P> The Oakland Raiders relocation to Las Vegas was a successful effort by the owner of the Oakland Raiders ( Mark Davis ) to relocate the American football club from its current and longtime home of Oakland , California to Las Vegas , Nevada . The team is scheduled to begin play as the Las Vegas Raiders for the 2020 National Football League ( NFL ) season ( although a move to Las Vegas could happen as soon as 2019 with Sam Boyd Stadium ) , playing home games at the Las Vegas Stadium . NFL team owners voted 31 -- 1 to approve the move , which was announced at the annual league meetings in Phoenix , Arizona on March 27 , 2017 . The Raiders became the third NFL franchise to relocate in the 2010s , following the Rams ' move from St. Louis , Missouri to Los Angeles , California on January 12 , 2016 , and the Chargers ' move from San Diego , California to Los Angeles on January 12 , 2017 . The Raiders ' move to Las Vegas comes after years of failed efforts to renovate or replace the Oakland -- Alameda County Coliseum , which has been rated by multiple sources as one of the worst stadiums in the NFL . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Background </Li> <Li> 2 The hunt for a home <Ul> <Li> 2.1 2011 : Levi 's Stadium </Li> <Li> 2.2 2012 − 2013 : Coliseum City </Li> <Li> 2.3 2013 : Concord , California </Li> <Li> 2.4 2014 : San Antonio , Texas </Li> <Li> 2.5 2015 : Raiders attempt to put together a project with Athletics </Li> <Li> 2.6 2015 : Los Angeles project and losing to the Rams </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 3 2015 − 2017 : Negotiations to move to Las Vegas and last Oakland stadium effort <Ul> <Li> 3.1 2015 : Exploring Las Vegas </Li> <Li> 3.2 2016 </Li> <Li> 3.3 2017 </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 4 Relocation to Las Vegas <Ul> <Li> 4.1 2018 </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 5 Popular culture </Li> <Li> 6 See also </Li> <Li> 7 References </Li> <Li> 8 External links </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Background ( edit ) </H2> <P> The Oakland Raiders were founded as a charter member of the American Football League ( AFL ) in 1960 . The team joined the NFL as a result of the merger in 1970 . From 1966 until 1981 , it played home games at the Oakland -- Alameda County Coliseum , which it shared with Major League Baseball 's Oakland Athletics after that team moved to Oakland in 1968 . In 1980 Al Davis , dissatisfied with the stadium situation in Oakland and seeing luxury boxes as the future of the NFL came to an agreement with the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum commission to move the Raiders to Los Angeles . The NFL had refused to let the team move , but a court over-ruled the league , clearing the way for the Raiders to move to Los Angeles and become the Los Angeles Raiders . In 1982 , the Raiders ( then owned by Al Davis ) were approved to relocate from Oakland to Los Angeles . The Raiders played home games at the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum from 1982 to 1994 . In 1995 , after being unable to secure a new stadium in the Los Angeles area and after a proposed move to Sacramento that involved Davis taking ownership of the Sacramento Kings fell apart the Raiders moved back to Oakland . </P> <P> Meanwhile , Las Vegas had been home to a number of other professional football franchises between 1994 and the Raiders ' arrival , none of which were particularly successful . The Las Vegas Posse , part of the Canadian Football League 's effort to enter the U.S. market , lasted one season in 1994 and suffered from poor on - field product and worse attendance figures . The XFL included the Las Vegas Outlaws in its lone 2001 season ; its attendance and on - field performance were respectable , and the team embraced the city 's culture , but the Outlaws ' modest success was overshadowed by the failure of the XFL . The Las Vegas Locomotives of the United Football League were a major on - field success and were one of the UFL 's best teams ; it nonetheless suffered from poor attendance to start that continued to decline throughout the league 's existence to the point that its last home game drew only 600 fans . The Arena Football League included three teams in Las Vegas over the course of its history : the Las Vegas Sting ( 1994 and 1995 ) , Las Vegas Gladiators ( 2003 to 2007 , now the Cleveland Gladiators ) , and another Las Vegas Outlaws ( 2015 ) . The Las Vegas Sin of the Lingerie Football League ( now the Legends Football League ) played in the city from 2011 to 2014 . </P> <H2> The hunt for a home ( edit ) </H2> Raiders owner Mark Davis <P> Recent efforts to either renovate the Oakland -- Alameda County Coliseum or replace it with a new football stadium in Oakland or elsewhere date back to November 18 , 2009 . In 2011 , Al Davis died and control of the team was assumed by his son Mark Davis who made finding a solution to the 3 decade long stadium problem a top priority . The Raiders were free to move after the 2013 NFL season , when its lease on the Oakland -- Alameda County Coliseum expired . While exploring possible solutions in the Bay Area and potential relocation candidates , the Raiders signed one - year extensions of its lease on the Coliseum . </P> <H3> 2011 : Levi 's stadium ( edit ) </H3> <P> There had been discussions for the Raiders to share Levi 's Stadium in Santa Clara , California with the San Francisco 49ers . However , the 49ers went ahead without the Raiders and broke ground on the $1.2 billion stadium on April 19 , 2012 and afterwards sold $670 million worth of seats including 70 % of club and luxury suites , making it more unlikely that the Raiders would continue to explore the idea of sharing the stadium as they would then be secondary tenants with little to no commercial rights over the highly lucrative luxury suites . </P> <P> Mark Davis further increased the unlikelihood of the Raiders and the 49ers to share Levi 's stadium when he told NFL Network reporter Ian Rapoport that he had no plans to share the stadium but that he did recognize the Raiders ' need for a new home and that he hoped the new home would be in Oakland . When Levi 's Stadium had its grand opening on July 17 , 2014 , NFL Commissioner R\n\nQuestion:\nwhen are the rams moving to las vegas\n"
},
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"from": "agent",
"tok_len": null,
"value": "as soon as 2019"
}
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[
{
"from": "human",
"tok_len": 1896,
"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nQuestion:\nwhen are the rams moving to las vegas\n\nDocument:\nOakland Raiders relocation to Las Vegas - wikipedia <H1> Oakland Raiders relocation to Las Vegas </H1> Jump to : navigation , search Oakland -- Alameda Coliseum before a football game . <P> The Oakland Raiders relocation to Las Vegas was a successful effort by the owner of the Oakland Raiders ( Mark Davis ) to relocate the American football club from its current and longtime home of Oakland , California to Las Vegas , Nevada . The team is scheduled to begin play as the Las Vegas Raiders for the 2020 National Football League ( NFL ) season ( although a move to Las Vegas could happen as soon as 2019 with Sam Boyd Stadium ) , playing home games at the Las Vegas Stadium . NFL team owners voted 31 -- 1 to approve the move , which was announced at the annual league meetings in Phoenix , Arizona on March 27 , 2017 . The Raiders became the third NFL franchise to relocate in the 2010s , following the Rams ' move from St. Louis , Missouri to Los Angeles , California on January 12 , 2016 , and the Chargers ' move from San Diego , California to Los Angeles on January 12 , 2017 . The Raiders ' move to Las Vegas comes after years of failed efforts to renovate or replace the Oakland -- Alameda County Coliseum , which has been rated by multiple sources as one of the worst stadiums in the NFL . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Background </Li> <Li> 2 The hunt for a home <Ul> <Li> 2.1 2011 : Levi 's Stadium </Li> <Li> 2.2 2012 − 2013 : Coliseum City </Li> <Li> 2.3 2013 : Concord , California </Li> <Li> 2.4 2014 : San Antonio , Texas </Li> <Li> 2.5 2015 : Raiders attempt to put together a project with Athletics </Li> <Li> 2.6 2015 : Los Angeles project and losing to the Rams </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 3 2015 − 2017 : Negotiations to move to Las Vegas and last Oakland stadium effort <Ul> <Li> 3.1 2015 : Exploring Las Vegas </Li> <Li> 3.2 2016 </Li> <Li> 3.3 2017 </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 4 Relocation to Las Vegas <Ul> <Li> 4.1 2018 </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 5 Popular culture </Li> <Li> 6 See also </Li> <Li> 7 References </Li> <Li> 8 External links </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Background ( edit ) </H2> <P> The Oakland Raiders were founded as a charter member of the American Football League ( AFL ) in 1960 . The team joined the NFL as a result of the merger in 1970 . From 1966 until 1981 , it played home games at the Oakland -- Alameda County Coliseum , which it shared with Major League Baseball 's Oakland Athletics after that team moved to Oakland in 1968 . In 1980 Al Davis , dissatisfied with the stadium situation in Oakland and seeing luxury boxes as the future of the NFL came to an agreement with the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum commission to move the Raiders to Los Angeles . The NFL had refused to let the team move , but a court over-ruled the league , clearing the way for the Raiders to move to Los Angeles and become the Los Angeles Raiders . In 1982 , the Raiders ( then owned by Al Davis ) were approved to relocate from Oakland to Los Angeles . The Raiders played home games at the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum from 1982 to 1994 . In 1995 , after being unable to secure a new stadium in the Los Angeles area and after a proposed move to Sacramento that involved Davis taking ownership of the Sacramento Kings fell apart the Raiders moved back to Oakland . </P> <P> Meanwhile , Las Vegas had been home to a number of other professional football franchises between 1994 and the Raiders ' arrival , none of which were particularly successful . The Las Vegas Posse , part of the Canadian Football League 's effort to enter the U.S. market , lasted one season in 1994 and suffered from poor on - field product and worse attendance figures . The XFL included the Las Vegas Outlaws in its lone 2001 season ; its attendance and on - field performance were respectable , and the team embraced the city 's culture , but the Outlaws ' modest success was overshadowed by the failure of the XFL . The Las Vegas Locomotives of the United Football League were a major on - field success and were one of the UFL 's best teams ; it nonetheless suffered from poor attendance to start that continued to decline throughout the league 's existence to the point that its last home game drew only 600 fans . The Arena Football League included three teams in Las Vegas over the course of its history : the Las Vegas Sting ( 1994 and 1995 ) , Las Vegas Gladiators ( 2003 to 2007 , now the Cleveland Gladiators ) , and another Las Vegas Outlaws ( 2015 ) . The Las Vegas Sin of the Lingerie Football League ( now the Legends Football League ) played in the city from 2011 to 2014 . </P> <H2> The hunt for a home ( edit ) </H2> Raiders owner Mark Davis <P> Recent efforts to either renovate the Oakland -- Alameda County Coliseum or replace it with a new football stadium in Oakland or elsewhere date back to November 18 , 2009 . In 2011 , Al Davis died and control of the team was assumed by his son Mark Davis who made finding a solution to the 3 decade long stadium problem a top priority . The Raiders were free to move after the 2013 NFL season , when its lease on the Oakland -- Alameda County Coliseum expired . While exploring possible solutions in the Bay Area and potential relocation candidates , the Raiders signed one - year extensions of its lease on the Coliseum . </P> <H3> 2011 : Levi 's stadium ( edit ) </H3> <P> There had been discussions for the Raiders to share Levi 's Stadium in Santa Clara , California with the San Francisco 49ers . However , the 49ers went ahead without the Raiders and broke ground on the $1.2 billion stadium on April 19 , 2012 and afterwards sold $670 million worth of seats including 70 % of club and luxury suites , making it more unlikely that the Raiders would continue to explore the idea of sharing the stadium as they would then be secondary tenants with little to no commercial rights over the highly lucrative luxury suites . </P> <P> Mark Davis further increased the unlikelihood of the Raiders and the 49ers to share Levi 's stadium when he told NFL Network reporter Ian Rapoport that he had no plans to share the stadium but that he did recognize the Raiders ' need for a new home and that he hoped the new home would be in Oakland . When Levi 's Stadium had its grand opening on July 17 , 2014 , NFL Commissioner R\n"
},
{
"from": "agent",
"tok_len": null,
"value": "as soon as 2019"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"tok_len": 1896,
"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nDocument:\nOakland Raiders relocation to Las Vegas - wikipedia <H1> Oakland Raiders relocation to Las Vegas </H1> Jump to : navigation , search Oakland -- Alameda Coliseum before a football game . <P> The Oakland Raiders relocation to Las Vegas was a successful effort by the owner of the Oakland Raiders ( Mark Davis ) to relocate the American football club from its current and longtime home of Oakland , California to Las Vegas , Nevada . The team is scheduled to begin play as the Las Vegas Raiders for the 2020 National Football League ( NFL ) season ( although a move to Las Vegas could happen as soon as 2019 with Sam Boyd Stadium ) , playing home games at the Las Vegas Stadium . NFL team owners voted 31 -- 1 to approve the move , which was announced at the annual league meetings in Phoenix , Arizona on March 27 , 2017 . The Raiders became the third NFL franchise to relocate in the 2010s , following the Rams ' move from St. Louis , Missouri to Los Angeles , California on January 12 , 2016 , and the Chargers ' move from San Diego , California to Los Angeles on January 12 , 2017 . The Raiders ' move to Las Vegas comes after years of failed efforts to renovate or replace the Oakland -- Alameda County Coliseum , which has been rated by multiple sources as one of the worst stadiums in the NFL . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Background </Li> <Li> 2 The hunt for a home <Ul> <Li> 2.1 2011 : Levi 's Stadium </Li> <Li> 2.2 2012 − 2013 : Coliseum City </Li> <Li> 2.3 2013 : Concord , California </Li> <Li> 2.4 2014 : San Antonio , Texas </Li> <Li> 2.5 2015 : Raiders attempt to put together a project with Athletics </Li> <Li> 2.6 2015 : Los Angeles project and losing to the Rams </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 3 2015 − 2017 : Negotiations to move to Las Vegas and last Oakland stadium effort <Ul> <Li> 3.1 2015 : Exploring Las Vegas </Li> <Li> 3.2 2016 </Li> <Li> 3.3 2017 </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 4 Relocation to Las Vegas <Ul> <Li> 4.1 2018 </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 5 Popular culture </Li> <Li> 6 See also </Li> <Li> 7 References </Li> <Li> 8 External links </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Background ( edit ) </H2> <P> The Oakland Raiders were founded as a charter member of the American Football League ( AFL ) in 1960 . The team joined the NFL as a result of the merger in 1970 . From 1966 until 1981 , it played home games at the Oakland -- Alameda County Coliseum , which it shared with Major League Baseball 's Oakland Athletics after that team moved to Oakland in 1968 . In 1980 Al Davis , dissatisfied with the stadium situation in Oakland and seeing luxury boxes as the future of the NFL came to an agreement with the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum commission to move the Raiders to Los Angeles . The NFL had refused to let the team move , but a court over-ruled the league , clearing the way for the Raiders to move to Los Angeles and become the Los Angeles Raiders . In 1982 , the Raiders ( then owned by Al Davis ) were approved to relocate from Oakland to Los Angeles . The Raiders played home games at the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum from 1982 to 1994 . In 1995 , after being unable to secure a new stadium in the Los Angeles area and after a proposed move to Sacramento that involved Davis taking ownership of the Sacramento Kings fell apart the Raiders moved back to Oakland . </P> <P> Meanwhile , Las Vegas had been home to a number of other professional football franchises between 1994 and the Raiders ' arrival , none of which were particularly successful . The Las Vegas Posse , part of the Canadian Football League 's effort to enter the U.S. market , lasted one season in 1994 and suffered from poor on - field product and worse attendance figures . The XFL included the Las Vegas Outlaws in its lone 2001 season ; its attendance and on - field performance were respectable , and the team embraced the city 's culture , but the Outlaws ' modest success was overshadowed by the failure of the XFL . The Las Vegas Locomotives of the United Football League were a major on - field success and were one of the UFL 's best teams ; it nonetheless suffered from poor attendance to start that continued to decline throughout the league 's existence to the point that its last home game drew only 600 fans . The Arena Football League included three teams in Las Vegas over the course of its history : the Las Vegas Sting ( 1994 and 1995 ) , Las Vegas Gladiators ( 2003 to 2007 , now the Cleveland Gladiators ) , and another Las Vegas Outlaws ( 2015 ) . The Las Vegas Sin of the Lingerie Football League ( now the Legends Football League ) played in the city from 2011 to 2014 . </P> <H2> The hunt for a home ( edit ) </H2> Raiders owner Mark Davis <P> Recent efforts to either renovate the Oakland -- Alameda County Coliseum or replace it with a new football stadium in Oakland or elsewhere date back to November 18 , 2009 . In 2011 , Al Davis died and control of the team was assumed by his son Mark Davis who made finding a solution to the 3 decade long stadium problem a top priority . The Raiders were free to move after the 2013 NFL season , when its lease on the Oakland -- Alameda County Coliseum expired . While exploring possible solutions in the Bay Area and potential relocation candidates , the Raiders signed one - year extensions of its lease on the Coliseum . </P> <H3> 2011 : Levi 's stadium ( edit ) </H3> <P> There had been discussions for the Raiders to share Levi 's Stadium in Santa Clara , California with the San Francisco 49ers . However , the 49ers went ahead without the Raiders and broke ground on the $1.2 billion stadium on April 19 , 2012 and afterwards sold $670 million worth of seats including 70 % of club and luxury suites , making it more unlikely that the Raiders would continue to explore the idea of sharing the stadium as they would then be secondary tenants with little to no commercial rights over the highly lucrative luxury suites . </P> <P> Mark Davis further increased the unlikelihood of the Raiders and the 49ers to share Levi 's stadium when he told NFL Network reporter Ian Rapoport that he had no plans to share the stadium but that he did recognize the Raiders ' need for a new home and that he hoped the new home would be in Oakland . When Levi 's Stadium had its grand opening on July 17 , 2014 , NFL Commissioner R\n\nQuestion:\nwhen are the rams moving to las vegas\n"
},
{
"from": "agent",
"tok_len": null,
"value": "as soon as 2019"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"tok_len": 1896,
"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nQuestion:\nwhen are the rams moving to las vegas\n\nDocument:\nOakland Raiders relocation to Las Vegas - wikipedia <H1> Oakland Raiders relocation to Las Vegas </H1> Jump to : navigation , search Oakland -- Alameda Coliseum before a football game . <P> The Oakland Raiders relocation to Las Vegas was a successful effort by the owner of the Oakland Raiders ( Mark Davis ) to relocate the American football club from its current and longtime home of Oakland , California to Las Vegas , Nevada . The team is scheduled to begin play as the Las Vegas Raiders for the 2020 National Football League ( NFL ) season ( although a move to Las Vegas could happen as soon as 2019 with Sam Boyd Stadium ) , playing home games at the Las Vegas Stadium . NFL team owners voted 31 -- 1 to approve the move , which was announced at the annual league meetings in Phoenix , Arizona on March 27 , 2017 . The Raiders became the third NFL franchise to relocate in the 2010s , following the Rams ' move from St. Louis , Missouri to Los Angeles , California on January 12 , 2016 , and the Chargers ' move from San Diego , California to Los Angeles on January 12 , 2017 . The Raiders ' move to Las Vegas comes after years of failed efforts to renovate or replace the Oakland -- Alameda County Coliseum , which has been rated by multiple sources as one of the worst stadiums in the NFL . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Background </Li> <Li> 2 The hunt for a home <Ul> <Li> 2.1 2011 : Levi 's Stadium </Li> <Li> 2.2 2012 − 2013 : Coliseum City </Li> <Li> 2.3 2013 : Concord , California </Li> <Li> 2.4 2014 : San Antonio , Texas </Li> <Li> 2.5 2015 : Raiders attempt to put together a project with Athletics </Li> <Li> 2.6 2015 : Los Angeles project and losing to the Rams </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 3 2015 − 2017 : Negotiations to move to Las Vegas and last Oakland stadium effort <Ul> <Li> 3.1 2015 : Exploring Las Vegas </Li> <Li> 3.2 2016 </Li> <Li> 3.3 2017 </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 4 Relocation to Las Vegas <Ul> <Li> 4.1 2018 </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 5 Popular culture </Li> <Li> 6 See also </Li> <Li> 7 References </Li> <Li> 8 External links </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Background ( edit ) </H2> <P> The Oakland Raiders were founded as a charter member of the American Football League ( AFL ) in 1960 . The team joined the NFL as a result of the merger in 1970 . From 1966 until 1981 , it played home games at the Oakland -- Alameda County Coliseum , which it shared with Major League Baseball 's Oakland Athletics after that team moved to Oakland in 1968 . In 1980 Al Davis , dissatisfied with the stadium situation in Oakland and seeing luxury boxes as the future of the NFL came to an agreement with the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum commission to move the Raiders to Los Angeles . The NFL had refused to let the team move , but a court over-ruled the league , clearing the way for the Raiders to move to Los Angeles and become the Los Angeles Raiders . In 1982 , the Raiders ( then owned by Al Davis ) were approved to relocate from Oakland to Los Angeles . The Raiders played home games at the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum from 1982 to 1994 . In 1995 , after being unable to secure a new stadium in the Los Angeles area and after a proposed move to Sacramento that involved Davis taking ownership of the Sacramento Kings fell apart the Raiders moved back to Oakland . </P> <P> Meanwhile , Las Vegas had been home to a number of other professional football franchises between 1994 and the Raiders ' arrival , none of which were particularly successful . The Las Vegas Posse , part of the Canadian Football League 's effort to enter the U.S. market , lasted one season in 1994 and suffered from poor on - field product and worse attendance figures . The XFL included the Las Vegas Outlaws in its lone 2001 season ; its attendance and on - field performance were respectable , and the team embraced the city 's culture , but the Outlaws ' modest success was overshadowed by the failure of the XFL . The Las Vegas Locomotives of the United Football League were a major on - field success and were one of the UFL 's best teams ; it nonetheless suffered from poor attendance to start that continued to decline throughout the league 's existence to the point that its last home game drew only 600 fans . The Arena Football League included three teams in Las Vegas over the course of its history : the Las Vegas Sting ( 1994 and 1995 ) , Las Vegas Gladiators ( 2003 to 2007 , now the Cleveland Gladiators ) , and another Las Vegas Outlaws ( 2015 ) . The Las Vegas Sin of the Lingerie Football League ( now the Legends Football League ) played in the city from 2011 to 2014 . </P> <H2> The hunt for a home ( edit ) </H2> Raiders owner Mark Davis <P> Recent efforts to either renovate the Oakland -- Alameda County Coliseum or replace it with a new football stadium in Oakland or elsewhere date back to November 18 , 2009 . In 2011 , Al Davis died and control of the team was assumed by his son Mark Davis who made finding a solution to the 3 decade long stadium problem a top priority . The Raiders were free to move after the 2013 NFL season , when its lease on the Oakland -- Alameda County Coliseum expired . While exploring possible solutions in the Bay Area and potential relocation candidates , the Raiders signed one - year extensions of its lease on the Coliseum . </P> <H3> 2011 : Levi 's stadium ( edit ) </H3> <P> There had been discussions for the Raiders to share Levi 's Stadium in Santa Clara , California with the San Francisco 49ers . However , the 49ers went ahead without the Raiders and broke ground on the $1.2 billion stadium on April 19 , 2012 and afterwards sold $670 million worth of seats including 70 % of club and luxury suites , making it more unlikely that the Raiders would continue to explore the idea of sharing the stadium as they would then be secondary tenants with little to no commercial rights over the highly lucrative luxury suites . </P> <P> Mark Davis further increased the unlikelihood of the Raiders and the 49ers to share Levi 's stadium when he told NFL Network reporter Ian Rapoport that he had no plans to share the stadium but that he did recognize the Raiders ' need for a new home and that he hoped the new home would be in Oakland . When Levi 's Stadium had its grand opening on July 17 , 2014 , NFL Commissioner R\n"
},
{
"from": "agent",
"tok_len": null,
"value": "as soon as 2019"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"tok_len": 1896,
"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nDocument:\nOakland Raiders relocation to Las Vegas - wikipedia <H1> Oakland Raiders relocation to Las Vegas </H1> Jump to : navigation , search Oakland -- Alameda Coliseum before a football game . <P> The Oakland Raiders relocation to Las Vegas was a successful effort by the owner of the Oakland Raiders ( Mark Davis ) to relocate the American football club from its current and longtime home of Oakland , California to Las Vegas , Nevada . The team is scheduled to begin play as the Las Vegas Raiders for the 2020 National Football League ( NFL ) season ( although a move to Las Vegas could happen as soon as 2019 with Sam Boyd Stadium ) , playing home games at the Las Vegas Stadium . NFL team owners voted 31 -- 1 to approve the move , which was announced at the annual league meetings in Phoenix , Arizona on March 27 , 2017 . The Raiders became the third NFL franchise to relocate in the 2010s , following the Rams ' move from St. Louis , Missouri to Los Angeles , California on January 12 , 2016 , and the Chargers ' move from San Diego , California to Los Angeles on January 12 , 2017 . The Raiders ' move to Las Vegas comes after years of failed efforts to renovate or replace the Oakland -- Alameda County Coliseum , which has been rated by multiple sources as one of the worst stadiums in the NFL . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Background </Li> <Li> 2 The hunt for a home <Ul> <Li> 2.1 2011 : Levi 's Stadium </Li> <Li> 2.2 2012 − 2013 : Coliseum City </Li> <Li> 2.3 2013 : Concord , California </Li> <Li> 2.4 2014 : San Antonio , Texas </Li> <Li> 2.5 2015 : Raiders attempt to put together a project with Athletics </Li> <Li> 2.6 2015 : Los Angeles project and losing to the Rams </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 3 2015 − 2017 : Negotiations to move to Las Vegas and last Oakland stadium effort <Ul> <Li> 3.1 2015 : Exploring Las Vegas </Li> <Li> 3.2 2016 </Li> <Li> 3.3 2017 </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 4 Relocation to Las Vegas <Ul> <Li> 4.1 2018 </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 5 Popular culture </Li> <Li> 6 See also </Li> <Li> 7 References </Li> <Li> 8 External links </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Background ( edit ) </H2> <P> The Oakland Raiders were founded as a charter member of the American Football League ( AFL ) in 1960 . The team joined the NFL as a result of the merger in 1970 . From 1966 until 1981 , it played home games at the Oakland -- Alameda County Coliseum , which it shared with Major League Baseball 's Oakland Athletics after that team moved to Oakland in 1968 . In 1980 Al Davis , dissatisfied with the stadium situation in Oakland and seeing luxury boxes as the future of the NFL came to an agreement with the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum commission to move the Raiders to Los Angeles . The NFL had refused to let the team move , but a court over-ruled the league , clearing the way for the Raiders to move to Los Angeles and become the Los Angeles Raiders . In 1982 , the Raiders ( then owned by Al Davis ) were approved to relocate from Oakland to Los Angeles . The Raiders played home games at the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum from 1982 to 1994 . In 1995 , after being unable to secure a new stadium in the Los Angeles area and after a proposed move to Sacramento that involved Davis taking ownership of the Sacramento Kings fell apart the Raiders moved back to Oakland . </P> <P> Meanwhile , Las Vegas had been home to a number of other professional football franchises between 1994 and the Raiders ' arrival , none of which were particularly successful . The Las Vegas Posse , part of the Canadian Football League 's effort to enter the U.S. market , lasted one season in 1994 and suffered from poor on - field product and worse attendance figures . The XFL included the Las Vegas Outlaws in its lone 2001 season ; its attendance and on - field performance were respectable , and the team embraced the city 's culture , but the Outlaws ' modest success was overshadowed by the failure of the XFL . The Las Vegas Locomotives of the United Football League were a major on - field success and were one of the UFL 's best teams ; it nonetheless suffered from poor attendance to start that continued to decline throughout the league 's existence to the point that its last home game drew only 600 fans . The Arena Football League included three teams in Las Vegas over the course of its history : the Las Vegas Sting ( 1994 and 1995 ) , Las Vegas Gladiators ( 2003 to 2007 , now the Cleveland Gladiators ) , and another Las Vegas Outlaws ( 2015 ) . The Las Vegas Sin of the Lingerie Football League ( now the Legends Football League ) played in the city from 2011 to 2014 . </P> <H2> The hunt for a home ( edit ) </H2> Raiders owner Mark Davis <P> Recent efforts to either renovate the Oakland -- Alameda County Coliseum or replace it with a new football stadium in Oakland or elsewhere date back to November 18 , 2009 . In 2011 , Al Davis died and control of the team was assumed by his son Mark Davis who made finding a solution to the 3 decade long stadium problem a top priority . The Raiders were free to move after the 2013 NFL season , when its lease on the Oakland -- Alameda County Coliseum expired . While exploring possible solutions in the Bay Area and potential relocation candidates , the Raiders signed one - year extensions of its lease on the Coliseum . </P> <H3> 2011 : Levi 's stadium ( edit ) </H3> <P> There had been discussions for the Raiders to share Levi 's Stadium in Santa Clara , California with the San Francisco 49ers . However , the 49ers went ahead without the Raiders and broke ground on the $1.2 billion stadium on April 19 , 2012 and afterwards sold $670 million worth of seats including 70 % of club and luxury suites , making it more unlikely that the Raiders would continue to explore the idea of sharing the stadium as they would then be secondary tenants with little to no commercial rights over the highly lucrative luxury suites . </P> <P> Mark Davis further increased the unlikelihood of the Raiders and the 49ers to share Levi 's stadium when he told NFL Network reporter Ian Rapoport that he had no plans to share the stadium but that he did recognize the Raiders ' need for a new home and that he hoped the new home would be in Oakland . When Levi 's Stadium had its grand opening on July 17 , 2014 , NFL Commissioner R\n\nQuestion:\nwhen are the rams moving to las vegas\n"
},
{
"from": "agent",
"tok_len": null,
"value": "as soon as 2019"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"tok_len": 1896,
"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nQuestion:\nwhen are the rams moving to las vegas\n\nDocument:\nOakland Raiders relocation to Las Vegas - wikipedia <H1> Oakland Raiders relocation to Las Vegas </H1> Jump to : navigation , search Oakland -- Alameda Coliseum before a football game . <P> The Oakland Raiders relocation to Las Vegas was a successful effort by the owner of the Oakland Raiders ( Mark Davis ) to relocate the American football club from its current and longtime home of Oakland , California to Las Vegas , Nevada . The team is scheduled to begin play as the Las Vegas Raiders for the 2020 National Football League ( NFL ) season ( although a move to Las Vegas could happen as soon as 2019 with Sam Boyd Stadium ) , playing home games at the Las Vegas Stadium . NFL team owners voted 31 -- 1 to approve the move , which was announced at the annual league meetings in Phoenix , Arizona on March 27 , 2017 . The Raiders became the third NFL franchise to relocate in the 2010s , following the Rams ' move from St. Louis , Missouri to Los Angeles , California on January 12 , 2016 , and the Chargers ' move from San Diego , California to Los Angeles on January 12 , 2017 . The Raiders ' move to Las Vegas comes after years of failed efforts to renovate or replace the Oakland -- Alameda County Coliseum , which has been rated by multiple sources as one of the worst stadiums in the NFL . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Background </Li> <Li> 2 The hunt for a home <Ul> <Li> 2.1 2011 : Levi 's Stadium </Li> <Li> 2.2 2012 − 2013 : Coliseum City </Li> <Li> 2.3 2013 : Concord , California </Li> <Li> 2.4 2014 : San Antonio , Texas </Li> <Li> 2.5 2015 : Raiders attempt to put together a project with Athletics </Li> <Li> 2.6 2015 : Los Angeles project and losing to the Rams </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 3 2015 − 2017 : Negotiations to move to Las Vegas and last Oakland stadium effort <Ul> <Li> 3.1 2015 : Exploring Las Vegas </Li> <Li> 3.2 2016 </Li> <Li> 3.3 2017 </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 4 Relocation to Las Vegas <Ul> <Li> 4.1 2018 </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 5 Popular culture </Li> <Li> 6 See also </Li> <Li> 7 References </Li> <Li> 8 External links </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Background ( edit ) </H2> <P> The Oakland Raiders were founded as a charter member of the American Football League ( AFL ) in 1960 . The team joined the NFL as a result of the merger in 1970 . From 1966 until 1981 , it played home games at the Oakland -- Alameda County Coliseum , which it shared with Major League Baseball 's Oakland Athletics after that team moved to Oakland in 1968 . In 1980 Al Davis , dissatisfied with the stadium situation in Oakland and seeing luxury boxes as the future of the NFL came to an agreement with the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum commission to move the Raiders to Los Angeles . The NFL had refused to let the team move , but a court over-ruled the league , clearing the way for the Raiders to move to Los Angeles and become the Los Angeles Raiders . In 1982 , the Raiders ( then owned by Al Davis ) were approved to relocate from Oakland to Los Angeles . The Raiders played home games at the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum from 1982 to 1994 . In 1995 , after being unable to secure a new stadium in the Los Angeles area and after a proposed move to Sacramento that involved Davis taking ownership of the Sacramento Kings fell apart the Raiders moved back to Oakland . </P> <P> Meanwhile , Las Vegas had been home to a number of other professional football franchises between 1994 and the Raiders ' arrival , none of which were particularly successful . The Las Vegas Posse , part of the Canadian Football League 's effort to enter the U.S. market , lasted one season in 1994 and suffered from poor on - field product and worse attendance figures . The XFL included the Las Vegas Outlaws in its lone 2001 season ; its attendance and on - field performance were respectable , and the team embraced the city 's culture , but the Outlaws ' modest success was overshadowed by the failure of the XFL . The Las Vegas Locomotives of the United Football League were a major on - field success and were one of the UFL 's best teams ; it nonetheless suffered from poor attendance to start that continued to decline throughout the league 's existence to the point that its last home game drew only 600 fans . The Arena Football League included three teams in Las Vegas over the course of its history : the Las Vegas Sting ( 1994 and 1995 ) , Las Vegas Gladiators ( 2003 to 2007 , now the Cleveland Gladiators ) , and another Las Vegas Outlaws ( 2015 ) . The Las Vegas Sin of the Lingerie Football League ( now the Legends Football League ) played in the city from 2011 to 2014 . </P> <H2> The hunt for a home ( edit ) </H2> Raiders owner Mark Davis <P> Recent efforts to either renovate the Oakland -- Alameda County Coliseum or replace it with a new football stadium in Oakland or elsewhere date back to November 18 , 2009 . In 2011 , Al Davis died and control of the team was assumed by his son Mark Davis who made finding a solution to the 3 decade long stadium problem a top priority . The Raiders were free to move after the 2013 NFL season , when its lease on the Oakland -- Alameda County Coliseum expired . While exploring possible solutions in the Bay Area and potential relocation candidates , the Raiders signed one - year extensions of its lease on the Coliseum . </P> <H3> 2011 : Levi 's stadium ( edit ) </H3> <P> There had been discussions for the Raiders to share Levi 's Stadium in Santa Clara , California with the San Francisco 49ers . However , the 49ers went ahead without the Raiders and broke ground on the $1.2 billion stadium on April 19 , 2012 and afterwards sold $670 million worth of seats including 70 % of club and luxury suites , making it more unlikely that the Raiders would continue to explore the idea of sharing the stadium as they would then be secondary tenants with little to no commercial rights over the highly lucrative luxury suites . </P> <P> Mark Davis further increased the unlikelihood of the Raiders and the 49ers to share Levi 's stadium when he told NFL Network reporter Ian Rapoport that he had no plans to share the stadium but that he did recognize the Raiders ' need for a new home and that he hoped the new home would be in Oakland . When Levi 's Stadium had its grand opening on July 17 , 2014 , NFL Commissioner R\n"
},
{
"from": "agent",
"tok_len": null,
"value": "as soon as 2019"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"tok_len": 1426,
"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nDocument:\ned song </Th> <Td> `` Together '' </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Selected songwriter ( s ) </Th> <Td> Ryan O'Shaughnessy Mark Caplice Laura Elizabeth Hughes </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th_colspan=\"2\"> Finals performance </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Semi-final result </Th> <Td> Qualified ( 6th , 179 Points ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Final result </Th> <Td> 16th ( 136 points ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th_colspan=\"2\"> Ireland in the Eurovision Song Contest </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan=\"2\"> <Table> <Tr> <Td> ◄ 2017 </Td> <Td> 2018 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> Ireland participated in the Eurovision Song Contest 2018 with the song `` Together '' , performed by Ryan O'Shaughnessy and written by himself , Mark Caplice and Laura Elizabeth Hughes . The song and the singer were internally selected in January 2018 by the Irish broadcaster Raidió Teilifís Éireann ( RTÉ ) to represent the nation at the 2018 contest in Lisbon , Portugal . </P> <P> Ireland was drawn to compete in the first semi-final of the Eurovision Song Contest which took place on 8 May 2018 . He sang in 18th position and successfully qualified for the final , marking the country 's first qualification since the 2013 Contest . </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Background </Li> <Li> 2 Before Eurovision <Ul> <Li> 2.1 Internal selection </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 3 At Eurovision <Ul> <Li> 3.1 Semi-final </Li> <Li> 3.2 Voting </Li> <Li> 3.3 Points awarded to Ireland <Ul> <Li> 3.3. 1 Split voting results </Li> <Li> 3.3. 2 Points awarded by Ireland </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 3.4 Chinese broadcaster censorship </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 4 References </Li> </Ul> <H2> Background ( edit ) </H2> Main article : Ireland in the Eurovision Song Contest <P> Prior to the 2018 Contest , Ireland had participated in the Eurovision Song Contest 50 times since its first entry in 1965 . Ireland has won the contest a record seven times in total . The country 's first win came in 1970 , with then - 18 - year - old Dana winning with `` All Kinds of Everything '' . Ireland holds the record for being the only country to win the contest three times in a row ( in 1992 , 1993 and 1994 ) , as well as having the only three - time winner ( Johnny Logan , who won in 1980 as a singer , 1987 as a singer - songwriter , and again in 1992 as a songwriter ) . In 2011 and 2012 , Jedward represented the nation for two consecutive years , managing to qualify to the final both times and achieve Ireland 's highest position in the contest since 2000 , placing eighth in 2011 with the song `` Lipstick '' . However , in 2013 , despite managing to qualify to the final , Ryan Dolan and his song `` Only Love Survives '' placed last in the final . The Irish entries in 2014 , `` Heartbeat '' performed by Can - Linn featuring Kasey Smith , in 2015 , `` Playing with Numbers '' performed by Molly Sterling , in 2016 `` Sunlight '' performed by Nicky Byrne , and in 2017 `` Dying to Try '' performed by Brendan Murray all failed to qualify to the final . </P> <H2> Before Eurovision ( edit ) </H2> <H3> Internal selection ( edit ) </H3> <P> On 31 January 2018 , RTÉ announced Ryan O'Shaughnessy as the Irish entrant at the Eurovision Song Contest 2018 with the song `` Together '' . </P> <H2> At Eurovision ( edit ) </H2> <P> The Eurovision Song Contest 2018 took place at the Altice Arena in Lisbon , Portugal and consisted of two semi-finals on 8 and 10 May and the final on 12 May 2018 . According to Eurovision rules , all nations with the exceptions of the host country and the `` Big 5 '' ( France , Germany , Italy , Spain and the United Kingdom ) were required to qualify from one of two semi-finals in order to compete for the final ; the top ten countries from each semi-final progressed to the final . </P> <H3> Semi-final ( edit ) </H3> <P> Ireland performed eighteenth in the first semi-final , following the entry from Switzerland and preceding the entry from Cyprus . At the end of the show , Ireland was announced as one of the ten countries who qualified to the grand final , making it their first qualification since 2013 . Following the semi-final , Ryan O'Shaughnessy participated in a press conference with the other winners in which they drew which half of the final they 'd perform in . Ireland was drawn to perfor\n\nQuestion:\nwhere did ireland finish in the eurovision song contest 2018\n"
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[
{
"from": "human",
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"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nQuestion:\nwhere did ireland finish in the eurovision song contest 2018\n\nDocument:\ned song </Th> <Td> `` Together '' </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Selected songwriter ( s ) </Th> <Td> Ryan O'Shaughnessy Mark Caplice Laura Elizabeth Hughes </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th_colspan=\"2\"> Finals performance </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Semi-final result </Th> <Td> Qualified ( 6th , 179 Points ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Final result </Th> <Td> 16th ( 136 points ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th_colspan=\"2\"> Ireland in the Eurovision Song Contest </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan=\"2\"> <Table> <Tr> <Td> ◄ 2017 </Td> <Td> 2018 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> Ireland participated in the Eurovision Song Contest 2018 with the song `` Together '' , performed by Ryan O'Shaughnessy and written by himself , Mark Caplice and Laura Elizabeth Hughes . The song and the singer were internally selected in January 2018 by the Irish broadcaster Raidió Teilifís Éireann ( RTÉ ) to represent the nation at the 2018 contest in Lisbon , Portugal . </P> <P> Ireland was drawn to compete in the first semi-final of the Eurovision Song Contest which took place on 8 May 2018 . He sang in 18th position and successfully qualified for the final , marking the country 's first qualification since the 2013 Contest . </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Background </Li> <Li> 2 Before Eurovision <Ul> <Li> 2.1 Internal selection </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 3 At Eurovision <Ul> <Li> 3.1 Semi-final </Li> <Li> 3.2 Voting </Li> <Li> 3.3 Points awarded to Ireland <Ul> <Li> 3.3. 1 Split voting results </Li> <Li> 3.3. 2 Points awarded by Ireland </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 3.4 Chinese broadcaster censorship </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 4 References </Li> </Ul> <H2> Background ( edit ) </H2> Main article : Ireland in the Eurovision Song Contest <P> Prior to the 2018 Contest , Ireland had participated in the Eurovision Song Contest 50 times since its first entry in 1965 . Ireland has won the contest a record seven times in total . The country 's first win came in 1970 , with then - 18 - year - old Dana winning with `` All Kinds of Everything '' . Ireland holds the record for being the only country to win the contest three times in a row ( in 1992 , 1993 and 1994 ) , as well as having the only three - time winner ( Johnny Logan , who won in 1980 as a singer , 1987 as a singer - songwriter , and again in 1992 as a songwriter ) . In 2011 and 2012 , Jedward represented the nation for two consecutive years , managing to qualify to the final both times and achieve Ireland 's highest position in the contest since 2000 , placing eighth in 2011 with the song `` Lipstick '' . However , in 2013 , despite managing to qualify to the final , Ryan Dolan and his song `` Only Love Survives '' placed last in the final . The Irish entries in 2014 , `` Heartbeat '' performed by Can - Linn featuring Kasey Smith , in 2015 , `` Playing with Numbers '' performed by Molly Sterling , in 2016 `` Sunlight '' performed by Nicky Byrne , and in 2017 `` Dying to Try '' performed by Brendan Murray all failed to qualify to the final . </P> <H2> Before Eurovision ( edit ) </H2> <H3> Internal selection ( edit ) </H3> <P> On 31 January 2018 , RTÉ announced Ryan O'Shaughnessy as the Irish entrant at the Eurovision Song Contest 2018 with the song `` Together '' . </P> <H2> At Eurovision ( edit ) </H2> <P> The Eurovision Song Contest 2018 took place at the Altice Arena in Lisbon , Portugal and consisted of two semi-finals on 8 and 10 May and the final on 12 May 2018 . According to Eurovision rules , all nations with the exceptions of the host country and the `` Big 5 '' ( France , Germany , Italy , Spain and the United Kingdom ) were required to qualify from one of two semi-finals in order to compete for the final ; the top ten countries from each semi-final progressed to the final . </P> <H3> Semi-final ( edit ) </H3> <P> Ireland performed eighteenth in the first semi-final , following the entry from Switzerland and preceding the entry from Cyprus . At the end of the show , Ireland was announced as one of the ten countries who qualified to the grand final , making it their first qualification since 2013 . Following the semi-final , Ryan O'Shaughnessy participated in a press conference with the other winners in which they drew which half of the final they 'd perform in . Ireland was drawn to perfor\n"
},
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[
{
"from": "human",
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"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nDocument:\n</Th> <Td> 16th ( 136 points ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th_colspan=\"2\"> Ireland in the Eurovision Song Contest </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan=\"2\"> <Table> <Tr> <Td> ◄ 2017 </Td> <Td> 2018 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> Ireland participated in the Eurovision Song Contest 2018 with the song `` Together '' , performed by Ryan O'Shaughnessy and written by himself , Mark Caplice and Laura Elizabeth Hughes . The song and the singer were internally selected in January 2018 by the Irish broadcaster Raidió Teilifís Éireann ( RTÉ ) to represent the nation at the 2018 contest in Lisbon , Portugal . </P> <P> Ireland was drawn to compete in the first semi-final of the Eurovision Song Contest which took place on 8 May 2018 . He sang in 18th position and successfully qualified for the final , marking the country 's first qualification since the 2013 Contest . </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Background </Li> <Li> 2 Before Eurovision <Ul> <Li> 2.1 Internal selection </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 3 At Eurovision <Ul> <Li> 3.1 Semi-final </Li> <Li> 3.2 Voting </Li> <Li> 3.3 Points awarded to Ireland <Ul> <Li> 3.3. 1 Split voting results </Li> <Li> 3.3. 2 Points awarded by Ireland </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 3.4 Chinese broadcaster censorship </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 4 References </Li> </Ul> <H2> Background ( edit ) </H2> Main article : Ireland in the Eurovision Song Contest <P> Prior to the 2018 Contest , Ireland had participated in the Eurovision Song Contest 50 times since its first entry in 1965 . Ireland has won the contest a record seven times in total . The country 's first win came in 1970 , with then - 18 - year - old Dana winning with `` All Kinds of Everything '' . Ireland holds the record for being the only country to win the contest three times in a row ( in 1992 , 1993 and 1994 ) , as well as having the only three - time winner ( Johnny Logan , who won in 1980 as a singer , 1987 as a singer - songwriter , and again in 1992 as a songwriter ) . In 2011 and 2012 , Jedward represented the nation for two consecutive years , managing to qualify to the final both times and achieve Ireland 's highest position in the contest since 2000 , placing eighth in 2011 with the song `` Lipstick '' . However , in 2013 , despite managing to qualify to the final , Ryan Dolan and his song `` Only Love Survives '' placed last in the final . The Irish entries in 2014 , `` Heartbeat '' performed by Can - Linn featuring Kasey Smith , in 2015 , `` Playing with Numbers '' performed by Molly Sterling , in 2016 `` Sunlight '' performed by Nicky Byrne , and in 2017 `` Dying to Try '' performed by Brendan Murray all failed to qualify to the final . </P> <H2> Before Eurovision ( edit ) </H2> <H3> Internal selection ( edit ) </H3> <P> On 31 January 2018 , RTÉ announced Ryan O'Shaughnessy as the Irish entrant at the Eurovision Song Contest 2018 with the song `` Together '' . </P> <H2> At Eurovision ( edit ) </H2> <P> The Eurovision Song Contest 2018 took place at the Altice Arena in Lisbon , Portugal and consisted of two semi-finals on 8 and 10 May and the final on 12 May 2018 . According to Eurovision rules , all nations with the exceptions of the host country and the `` Big 5 '' ( France , Germany , Italy , Spain and the United Kingdom ) were required to qualify from one of two semi-finals in order to compete for the final ; the top ten countries from each semi-final progressed to the final . </P> <H3> Semi-final ( edit ) </H3> <P> Ireland performed eighteenth in the first semi-final , following the entry from Switzerland and preceding the entry from Cyprus . At the end of the show , Ireland was announced as one of the ten countries who qualified to the grand final , making it their first qualification since 2013 . Following the semi-final , Ryan O'Shaughnessy participated in a press conference with the other winners in which they drew which half of the final they 'd perform in . Ireland was drawn to perform in the second half of the grand final . </P> <H3> Voting ( edit ) </H3> <P> Voting during the three shows involved each country awarding two sets of points from 1 - 8 , 10 and 12 : one from their professional jury and the other from televoting . Each nation 's jury consisted of five music industry professionals who\n\nQuestion:\nwhere did ireland finish in the eurovision song contest 2018\n"
},
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[
{
"from": "human",
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"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nQuestion:\nwhere did ireland finish in the eurovision song contest 2018\n\nDocument:\n</Th> <Td> 16th ( 136 points ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th_colspan=\"2\"> Ireland in the Eurovision Song Contest </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan=\"2\"> <Table> <Tr> <Td> ◄ 2017 </Td> <Td> 2018 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> Ireland participated in the Eurovision Song Contest 2018 with the song `` Together '' , performed by Ryan O'Shaughnessy and written by himself , Mark Caplice and Laura Elizabeth Hughes . The song and the singer were internally selected in January 2018 by the Irish broadcaster Raidió Teilifís Éireann ( RTÉ ) to represent the nation at the 2018 contest in Lisbon , Portugal . </P> <P> Ireland was drawn to compete in the first semi-final of the Eurovision Song Contest which took place on 8 May 2018 . He sang in 18th position and successfully qualified for the final , marking the country 's first qualification since the 2013 Contest . </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Background </Li> <Li> 2 Before Eurovision <Ul> <Li> 2.1 Internal selection </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 3 At Eurovision <Ul> <Li> 3.1 Semi-final </Li> <Li> 3.2 Voting </Li> <Li> 3.3 Points awarded to Ireland <Ul> <Li> 3.3. 1 Split voting results </Li> <Li> 3.3. 2 Points awarded by Ireland </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 3.4 Chinese broadcaster censorship </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 4 References </Li> </Ul> <H2> Background ( edit ) </H2> Main article : Ireland in the Eurovision Song Contest <P> Prior to the 2018 Contest , Ireland had participated in the Eurovision Song Contest 50 times since its first entry in 1965 . Ireland has won the contest a record seven times in total . The country 's first win came in 1970 , with then - 18 - year - old Dana winning with `` All Kinds of Everything '' . Ireland holds the record for being the only country to win the contest three times in a row ( in 1992 , 1993 and 1994 ) , as well as having the only three - time winner ( Johnny Logan , who won in 1980 as a singer , 1987 as a singer - songwriter , and again in 1992 as a songwriter ) . In 2011 and 2012 , Jedward represented the nation for two consecutive years , managing to qualify to the final both times and achieve Ireland 's highest position in the contest since 2000 , placing eighth in 2011 with the song `` Lipstick '' . However , in 2013 , despite managing to qualify to the final , Ryan Dolan and his song `` Only Love Survives '' placed last in the final . The Irish entries in 2014 , `` Heartbeat '' performed by Can - Linn featuring Kasey Smith , in 2015 , `` Playing with Numbers '' performed by Molly Sterling , in 2016 `` Sunlight '' performed by Nicky Byrne , and in 2017 `` Dying to Try '' performed by Brendan Murray all failed to qualify to the final . </P> <H2> Before Eurovision ( edit ) </H2> <H3> Internal selection ( edit ) </H3> <P> On 31 January 2018 , RTÉ announced Ryan O'Shaughnessy as the Irish entrant at the Eurovision Song Contest 2018 with the song `` Together '' . </P> <H2> At Eurovision ( edit ) </H2> <P> The Eurovision Song Contest 2018 took place at the Altice Arena in Lisbon , Portugal and consisted of two semi-finals on 8 and 10 May and the final on 12 May 2018 . According to Eurovision rules , all nations with the exceptions of the host country and the `` Big 5 '' ( France , Germany , Italy , Spain and the United Kingdom ) were required to qualify from one of two semi-finals in order to compete for the final ; the top ten countries from each semi-final progressed to the final . </P> <H3> Semi-final ( edit ) </H3> <P> Ireland performed eighteenth in the first semi-final , following the entry from Switzerland and preceding the entry from Cyprus . At the end of the show , Ireland was announced as one of the ten countries who qualified to the grand final , making it their first qualification since 2013 . Following the semi-final , Ryan O'Shaughnessy participated in a press conference with the other winners in which they drew which half of the final they 'd perform in . Ireland was drawn to perform in the second half of the grand final . </P> <H3> Voting ( edit ) </H3> <P> Voting during the three shows involved each country awarding two sets of points from 1 - 8 , 10 and 12 : one from their professional jury and the other from televoting . Each nation 's jury consisted of five music industry professionals who\n"
},
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[
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"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nDocument:\nIreland in the Eurovision Song Contest 2018 - wikipedia <H1> Ireland in the Eurovision Song Contest 2018 </H1> <Table> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> This article needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . ( February 2018 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) </Td> </Tr> </Table> <Table> <Tr> <Th_colspan=\"2\"> Eurovision Song Contest 2018 </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Country </Th> <Td> Ireland </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th_colspan=\"2\"> National selection </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Selection process </Th> <Td> Internal Selection </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Selection date ( s ) </Th> <Td> Artist : 31 January 2018 Song : 9 March 2018 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Selected entrant </Th> <Td> Ryan O'Shaughnessy </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Selected song </Th> <Td> `` Together '' </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Selected songwriter ( s ) </Th> <Td> Ryan O'Shaughnessy Mark Caplice Laura Elizabeth Hughes </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th_colspan=\"2\"> Finals performance </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Semi-final result </Th> <Td> Qualified ( 6th , 179 Points ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Final result </Th> <Td> 16th ( 136 points ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th_colspan=\"2\"> Ireland in the Eurovision Song Contest </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan=\"2\"> <Table> <Tr> <Td> ◄ 2017 </Td> <Td> 2018 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> Ireland participated in the Eurovision Song Contest 2018 with the song `` Together '' , performed by Ryan O'Shaughnessy and written by himself , Mark Caplice and Laura Elizabeth Hughes . The song and the singer were internally selected in January 2018 by the Irish broadcaster Raidió Teilifís Éireann ( RTÉ ) to represent the nation at the 2018 contest in Lisbon , Portugal . </P> <P> Ireland was drawn to compete in the first semi-final of the Eurovision Song Contest which took place on 8 May 2018 . He sang in 18th position and successfully qualified for the final , marking the country 's first qualification since the 2013 Contest . </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Background </Li> <Li> 2 Before Eurovision <Ul> <Li> 2.1 Internal selection </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 3 At Eurovision <Ul> <Li> 3.1 Semi-final </Li> <Li> 3.2 Voting </Li> <Li> 3.3 Points awarded to Ireland <Ul> <Li> 3.3. 1 Split voting results </Li> <Li> 3.3. 2 Points awarded by Ireland </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 3.4 Chinese broadcaster censorship </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 4 References </Li> </Ul> <H2> Background ( edit ) </H2> Main article : Ireland in the Eurovision Song Contest <P> Prior to the 2018 Contest , Ireland had participated in the Eurovision Song Contest 50 times since its first entry in 1965 . Ireland has won the contest a record seven times in total . The country 's first win came in 1970 , with then - 18 - year - old Dana winning with `` All Kinds of Everything '' . Ireland holds the record for being the only country to win the contest three times in a row ( in 1992 , 1993 and 1994 ) , as well as having the only three - time winner ( Johnny Logan , who won in 1980 as a singer , 1987 as a singer - songwriter , and again in 1992 as a songwriter ) . In 2011 and 2012 , Jedward represented the nation for two consecutive years , managing to qualify to the final both times and achieve Ireland 's highest position in the contest since 2000 , placing eighth in 2011 with the song `` Lipstick '' . However , in 2013 , despite managing to qualify to the final , Ryan Dolan and his song `` Only Love Survives '' placed last in the final . The Irish entries in 2014 , `` Heartbeat '' performed by Can - Linn featuring Kasey Smith , in 2015 , `` Playing with Numbers '' performed by Molly Sterling , in 2016 `` Sunlight '' performed by Nicky Byrne , and in 2017 `` Dying to Try '' performed by Brendan Murray all failed to qualify to the final . </P> <H2> Before Eurovision ( edit ) </H2> <H3> Internal selection ( edit ) </H3> <P> On 31 January 2018 , RTÉ announced Ryan O'Shaughnessy as the Irish entrant at the Eurovision Song Contest 2018 with the song `` Together '' . </P> <H2> At Eurovision ( edit ) </H2> <P> The Eurovision Song Contest 2018 took place at the Altice Arena in Lisbon , Portugal and consisted of two semi-finals on 8 and 10 May and the final on 12 May 2018 . \n\nQuestion:\nwhere did ireland finish in the eurovision song contest 2018\n"
},
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[
{
"from": "human",
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"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nQuestion:\nwhere did ireland finish in the eurovision song contest 2018\n\nDocument:\nIreland in the Eurovision Song Contest 2018 - wikipedia <H1> Ireland in the Eurovision Song Contest 2018 </H1> <Table> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> This article needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . ( February 2018 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) </Td> </Tr> </Table> <Table> <Tr> <Th_colspan=\"2\"> Eurovision Song Contest 2018 </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Country </Th> <Td> Ireland </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th_colspan=\"2\"> National selection </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Selection process </Th> <Td> Internal Selection </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Selection date ( s ) </Th> <Td> Artist : 31 January 2018 Song : 9 March 2018 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Selected entrant </Th> <Td> Ryan O'Shaughnessy </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Selected song </Th> <Td> `` Together '' </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Selected songwriter ( s ) </Th> <Td> Ryan O'Shaughnessy Mark Caplice Laura Elizabeth Hughes </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th_colspan=\"2\"> Finals performance </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Semi-final result </Th> <Td> Qualified ( 6th , 179 Points ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Final result </Th> <Td> 16th ( 136 points ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th_colspan=\"2\"> Ireland in the Eurovision Song Contest </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan=\"2\"> <Table> <Tr> <Td> ◄ 2017 </Td> <Td> 2018 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> Ireland participated in the Eurovision Song Contest 2018 with the song `` Together '' , performed by Ryan O'Shaughnessy and written by himself , Mark Caplice and Laura Elizabeth Hughes . The song and the singer were internally selected in January 2018 by the Irish broadcaster Raidió Teilifís Éireann ( RTÉ ) to represent the nation at the 2018 contest in Lisbon , Portugal . </P> <P> Ireland was drawn to compete in the first semi-final of the Eurovision Song Contest which took place on 8 May 2018 . He sang in 18th position and successfully qualified for the final , marking the country 's first qualification since the 2013 Contest . </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Background </Li> <Li> 2 Before Eurovision <Ul> <Li> 2.1 Internal selection </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 3 At Eurovision <Ul> <Li> 3.1 Semi-final </Li> <Li> 3.2 Voting </Li> <Li> 3.3 Points awarded to Ireland <Ul> <Li> 3.3. 1 Split voting results </Li> <Li> 3.3. 2 Points awarded by Ireland </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 3.4 Chinese broadcaster censorship </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 4 References </Li> </Ul> <H2> Background ( edit ) </H2> Main article : Ireland in the Eurovision Song Contest <P> Prior to the 2018 Contest , Ireland had participated in the Eurovision Song Contest 50 times since its first entry in 1965 . Ireland has won the contest a record seven times in total . The country 's first win came in 1970 , with then - 18 - year - old Dana winning with `` All Kinds of Everything '' . Ireland holds the record for being the only country to win the contest three times in a row ( in 1992 , 1993 and 1994 ) , as well as having the only three - time winner ( Johnny Logan , who won in 1980 as a singer , 1987 as a singer - songwriter , and again in 1992 as a songwriter ) . In 2011 and 2012 , Jedward represented the nation for two consecutive years , managing to qualify to the final both times and achieve Ireland 's highest position in the contest since 2000 , placing eighth in 2011 with the song `` Lipstick '' . However , in 2013 , despite managing to qualify to the final , Ryan Dolan and his song `` Only Love Survives '' placed last in the final . The Irish entries in 2014 , `` Heartbeat '' performed by Can - Linn featuring Kasey Smith , in 2015 , `` Playing with Numbers '' performed by Molly Sterling , in 2016 `` Sunlight '' performed by Nicky Byrne , and in 2017 `` Dying to Try '' performed by Brendan Murray all failed to qualify to the final . </P> <H2> Before Eurovision ( edit ) </H2> <H3> Internal selection ( edit ) </H3> <P> On 31 January 2018 , RTÉ announced Ryan O'Shaughnessy as the Irish entrant at the Eurovision Song Contest 2018 with the song `` Together '' . </P> <H2> At Eurovision ( edit ) </H2> <P> The Eurovision Song Contest 2018 took place at the Altice Arena in Lisbon , Portugal and consisted of two semi-finals on 8 and 10 May and the final on 12 May 2018 . \n"
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"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nDocument:\nsic regions : the Pacific coastline , alpine areas , the west side temperate rainforest and the forests of the drier east side . Within the park there are three distinct ecosystems which are sub-alpine forest and wildflower meadow , temperate forest , and the rugged Pacific Shore . These three different ecosystems are in pristine condition and have outstanding scenery . </P> <P> U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt originally created Mount Olympus National Monument on 2 March 1909 . It was designated a national park by President Franklin Roosevelt on June 29 , 1938 . In 1976 , Olympic National Park was designated by UNESCO as an International Biosphere Reserve , and in 1981 as a World Heritage Site . In 1988 , Congress designated 95 percent of the park as the Olympic Wilderness . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Natural / Geologic history <Ul> <Li> 1.1 Coastline </Li> <Li> 1.2 Glaciated mountains </Li> <Li> 1.3 Temperate rainforest </Li> <Li> 1.4 Ecology </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 2 Climate </Li> <Li> 3 Human history </Li> <Li> 4 Fauna </Li> <Li> 5 Recreation </Li> <Li> 6 Elwha Ecosystem Restoration Project </Li> <Li> 7 See also </Li> <Li> 8 References </Li> <Li> 9 External links and literature </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Natural / geologic history ( edit ) </H2> <H3> Coastline ( edit ) </H3> <P> The coastal portion of the park is a rugged , sandy beach along with a strip of adjacent forest . It is 60 miles ( 97 km ) long but just a few miles wide , with native communities at the mouths of two rivers . The Hoh River has the Hoh people and at the town of La Push at the mouth of the Quileute River live the Quileute . </P> Tide pools form at low tide <P> The beach has unbroken stretches of wilderness ranging from 10 to 20 miles ( 16 to 32 km ) . While some beaches are primarily sand , others are covered with heavy rock and very large boulders . Bushy overgrowth , slippery footing , tides and misty rain forest weather all hinder foot travel . ( Times to hike should typically be doubled . ) The coastal strip is more readily accessible than the interior of the Olympics ; due to the difficult terrain , very few backpackers venture beyond casual day - hiking distances . </P> <P> The most popular piece of the coastal strip is the 9 - mile ( 14 km ) Ozette Loop . The Park Service runs a registration and reservation program to control usage levels of this area . From the trailhead at Ozette Lake , a 3 - mile ( 4.8 km ) leg of the trail is a boardwalk - enhanced path through near primal coastal cedar swamp . Arriving at the ocean , it is a 3 - mile walk supplemented by headland trails for high tides . This area has traditionally been favored by the Makah from Neah Bay . The third 3 - mile leg is enabled by a boardwalk which has enhanced the loop 's popularity . </P> Foggy sea stacks <P> There are thick groves of trees adjacent to the sand , which results in chunks of timber from fallen trees on the beach . The mostly unaltered Hoh River , toward the south end of the park , discharges large amounts of naturally eroded timber and other drift , which moves north , enriching the beaches . The removal of driftwood -- logs , dead - heads , tops and root - wads from streams and beaches was a major domestication measure across North America . Even today driftwood deposits form a commanding presence , biologically as well as visually , giving a taste of the original condition of the beach viewable to some extent in early photos . Drift - material often comes from a considerable distance ; the Columbia River formerly contributed huge amounts to the Northwest Pacific coasts . </P> <P> The smaller coastal portion of the park is separated from the larger , inland portion . President Franklin D. Roosevelt originally had supported connecting them with a continuous strip of park land . </P> A 3D computer generated aerial view <P> The park is known for its unique turbidites . It has very exposed turbidities with white calcite veins . Turbidites are rocks or sediments that travel into the ocean as suspended particles in the flow of water , causing a sedimentary layering effect on the ocean floor . Over time the sediments and rock compact and the process repeats as a constant cycle . The park also is known for its tectonic mélanges that have been deemed ' smell rocks ' by the locals due to its strong petroleum odor . Mélanges are large individual rocks that are large enough that they are accounted for in map drawings . The Olympic mélanges can be as large as a house . </P> <H3> Glaciated mountains ( edit ) </H3> The summit of Mount Olympus from the Blue Glacier Subalpine fir in a meadow on Hurricane Ridge <P> Within the center of Olympic National Park rise the Olympic Mountains whose sides and ridgelines are topped with massive , ancient glaciers . The mountains themselves are products of accretionary wedge uplifting related to the Juan De Fuca Plate subduction zone . The geologic composition is a curious mélange of basaltic and oceanic sedimentary rock . The western half of the range is dominated by the peak of Mount Olympus , which rises to 7,965 feet ( 2,428 m ) . Mount Olympus receives a large amount of snow , and consequently has the greatest glaciation of any non-volcanic peak in the contiguous United States outside of the North Cascades . It has several glaciers , the largest of which is Hoh Glacier at 3.06 miles ( 4.93 km ) in length . Looking to the east , the range becomes much drier due to the rain shadow of the western mountains . Here , there are numerous high peaks and craggy ridges . The tallest summit of this area is Mo\n\nQuestion:\nwhen did olympic national park became a park\n"
},
{
"from": "agent",
"tok_len": null,
"value": "June 29 , 1938"
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[
{
"from": "human",
"tok_len": 1575,
"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nQuestion:\nwhen did olympic national park became a park\n\nDocument:\nsic regions : the Pacific coastline , alpine areas , the west side temperate rainforest and the forests of the drier east side . Within the park there are three distinct ecosystems which are sub-alpine forest and wildflower meadow , temperate forest , and the rugged Pacific Shore . These three different ecosystems are in pristine condition and have outstanding scenery . </P> <P> U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt originally created Mount Olympus National Monument on 2 March 1909 . It was designated a national park by President Franklin Roosevelt on June 29 , 1938 . In 1976 , Olympic National Park was designated by UNESCO as an International Biosphere Reserve , and in 1981 as a World Heritage Site . In 1988 , Congress designated 95 percent of the park as the Olympic Wilderness . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Natural / Geologic history <Ul> <Li> 1.1 Coastline </Li> <Li> 1.2 Glaciated mountains </Li> <Li> 1.3 Temperate rainforest </Li> <Li> 1.4 Ecology </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 2 Climate </Li> <Li> 3 Human history </Li> <Li> 4 Fauna </Li> <Li> 5 Recreation </Li> <Li> 6 Elwha Ecosystem Restoration Project </Li> <Li> 7 See also </Li> <Li> 8 References </Li> <Li> 9 External links and literature </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Natural / geologic history ( edit ) </H2> <H3> Coastline ( edit ) </H3> <P> The coastal portion of the park is a rugged , sandy beach along with a strip of adjacent forest . It is 60 miles ( 97 km ) long but just a few miles wide , with native communities at the mouths of two rivers . The Hoh River has the Hoh people and at the town of La Push at the mouth of the Quileute River live the Quileute . </P> Tide pools form at low tide <P> The beach has unbroken stretches of wilderness ranging from 10 to 20 miles ( 16 to 32 km ) . While some beaches are primarily sand , others are covered with heavy rock and very large boulders . Bushy overgrowth , slippery footing , tides and misty rain forest weather all hinder foot travel . ( Times to hike should typically be doubled . ) The coastal strip is more readily accessible than the interior of the Olympics ; due to the difficult terrain , very few backpackers venture beyond casual day - hiking distances . </P> <P> The most popular piece of the coastal strip is the 9 - mile ( 14 km ) Ozette Loop . The Park Service runs a registration and reservation program to control usage levels of this area . From the trailhead at Ozette Lake , a 3 - mile ( 4.8 km ) leg of the trail is a boardwalk - enhanced path through near primal coastal cedar swamp . Arriving at the ocean , it is a 3 - mile walk supplemented by headland trails for high tides . This area has traditionally been favored by the Makah from Neah Bay . The third 3 - mile leg is enabled by a boardwalk which has enhanced the loop 's popularity . </P> Foggy sea stacks <P> There are thick groves of trees adjacent to the sand , which results in chunks of timber from fallen trees on the beach . The mostly unaltered Hoh River , toward the south end of the park , discharges large amounts of naturally eroded timber and other drift , which moves north , enriching the beaches . The removal of driftwood -- logs , dead - heads , tops and root - wads from streams and beaches was a major domestication measure across North America . Even today driftwood deposits form a commanding presence , biologically as well as visually , giving a taste of the original condition of the beach viewable to some extent in early photos . Drift - material often comes from a considerable distance ; the Columbia River formerly contributed huge amounts to the Northwest Pacific coasts . </P> <P> The smaller coastal portion of the park is separated from the larger , inland portion . President Franklin D. Roosevelt originally had supported connecting them with a continuous strip of park land . </P> A 3D computer generated aerial view <P> The park is known for its unique turbidites . It has very exposed turbidities with white calcite veins . Turbidites are rocks or sediments that travel into the ocean as suspended particles in the flow of water , causing a sedimentary layering effect on the ocean floor . Over time the sediments and rock compact and the process repeats as a constant cycle . The park also is known for its tectonic mélanges that have been deemed ' smell rocks ' by the locals due to its strong petroleum odor . Mélanges are large individual rocks that are large enough that they are accounted for in map drawings . The Olympic mélanges can be as large as a house . </P> <H3> Glaciated mountains ( edit ) </H3> The summit of Mount Olympus from the Blue Glacier Subalpine fir in a meadow on Hurricane Ridge <P> Within the center of Olympic National Park rise the Olympic Mountains whose sides and ridgelines are topped with massive , ancient glaciers . The mountains themselves are products of accretionary wedge uplifting related to the Juan De Fuca Plate subduction zone . The geologic composition is a curious mélange of basaltic and oceanic sedimentary rock . The western half of the range is dominated by the peak of Mount Olympus , which rises to 7,965 feet ( 2,428 m ) . Mount Olympus receives a large amount of snow , and consequently has the greatest glaciation of any non-volcanic peak in the contiguous United States outside of the North Cascades . It has several glaciers , the largest of which is Hoh Glacier at 3.06 miles ( 4.93 km ) in length . Looking to the east , the range becomes much drier due to the rain shadow of the western mountains . Here , there are numerous high peaks and craggy ridges . The tallest summit of this area is Mo\n"
},
{
"from": "agent",
"tok_len": null,
"value": "June 29 , 1938"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"tok_len": 1620,
"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nDocument:\n, ( ix ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Reference </Th> <Td> 151 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Inscription </Th> <Td> 1981 ( 5th Session ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan=\"2\"> ( edit on Wikidata ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th_colspan=\"2\"> </Th> </Tr> </Table> <P> Olympic National Park is a United States national park located in the state of Washington , on the Olympic Peninsula . The park has four basic regions : the Pacific coastline , alpine areas , the west side temperate rainforest and the forests of the drier east side . Within the park there are three distinct ecosystems which are sub-alpine forest and wildflower meadow , temperate forest , and the rugged Pacific Shore . These three different ecosystems are in pristine condition and have outstanding scenery . </P> <P> U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt originally created Mount Olympus National Monument on 2 March 1909 . It was designated a national park by President Franklin Roosevelt on June 29 , 1938 . In 1976 , Olympic National Park was designated by UNESCO as an International Biosphere Reserve , and in 1981 as a World Heritage Site . In 1988 , Congress designated 95 percent of the park as the Olympic Wilderness . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Natural / Geologic history <Ul> <Li> 1.1 Coastline </Li> <Li> 1.2 Glaciated mountains </Li> <Li> 1.3 Temperate rainforest </Li> <Li> 1.4 Ecology </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 2 Climate </Li> <Li> 3 Human history </Li> <Li> 4 Fauna </Li> <Li> 5 Recreation </Li> <Li> 6 Elwha Ecosystem Restoration Project </Li> <Li> 7 See also </Li> <Li> 8 References </Li> <Li> 9 External links and literature </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Natural / geologic history ( edit ) </H2> <H3> Coastline ( edit ) </H3> <P> The coastal portion of the park is a rugged , sandy beach along with a strip of adjacent forest . It is 60 miles ( 97 km ) long but just a few miles wide , with native communities at the mouths of two rivers . The Hoh River has the Hoh people and at the town of La Push at the mouth of the Quileute River live the Quileute . </P> Tide pools form at low tide <P> The beach has unbroken stretches of wilderness ranging from 10 to 20 miles ( 16 to 32 km ) . While some beaches are primarily sand , others are covered with heavy rock and very large boulders . Bushy overgrowth , slippery footing , tides and misty rain forest weather all hinder foot travel . ( Times to hike should typically be doubled . ) The coastal strip is more readily accessible than the interior of the Olympics ; due to the difficult terrain , very few backpackers venture beyond casual day - hiking distances . </P> <P> The most popular piece of the coastal strip is the 9 - mile ( 14 km ) Ozette Loop . The Park Service runs a registration and reservation program to control usage levels of this area . From the trailhead at Ozette Lake , a 3 - mile ( 4.8 km ) leg of the trail is a boardwalk - enhanced path through near primal coastal cedar swamp . Arriving at the ocean , it is a 3 - mile walk supplemented by headland trails for high tides . This area has traditionally been favored by the Makah from Neah Bay . The third 3 - mile leg is enabled by a boardwalk which has enhanced the loop 's popularity . </P> Foggy sea stacks <P> There are thick groves of trees adjacent to the sand , which results in chunks of timber from fallen trees on the beach . The mostly unaltered Hoh River , toward the south end of the park , discharges large amounts of naturally eroded timber and other drift , which moves north , enriching the beaches . The removal of driftwood -- logs , dead - heads , tops and root - wads from streams and beaches was a major domestication measure across North America . Even today driftwood deposits form a commanding presence , biologically as well as visually , giving a taste of the original condition of the beach viewable to some extent in early photos . Drift - material often comes from a considerable distance ; the Columbia River formerly contributed huge amounts to the Northwest Pacific coasts . </P> <P> The smaller coastal portion of the park is separated from the larger , inland portion . President Franklin D. Roosevelt originally had supported connecting them with a continuous strip of park land . </P> A 3D computer generated aerial view <P> The park is known for its unique turbidites . It has very exposed turbidities with white calcite veins . Turbidites are rocks or sediments that travel into the ocean as suspended particles in the flow of water , causing a sedimentary layering effect on the ocean floor . Over time the sediments and rock compact and the process repeats as a constant cycle . The park also is known for its tectonic mélanges that have been deemed ' smell rocks ' by the locals due to its strong petroleum odor . Mélanges are large individual rocks that are large enough that they are accounted for in map drawings . The Olympic mélanges can be as large as a house . </P> <H3> Glaciated mountains ( edit ) </H3> The summit of Mount Olympus from the Blue Glacier Subalpine fir in a meadow on Hurricane Ridge <P> Within the center of Olympic National Park rise the Olympic Mountains whose sides and ridgelines are topped with massive , ancient glaciers . The mountains themselves are products of accretionary wedge uplifting related to the Juan De Fuca Plate subduction zone . The geologic composition is a curious mélange of basaltic and oceanic sedimentary rock . The western half of the range is dominated by the peak of Mount Olympus , which rises to 7,965 feet ( 2,428 m ) . Mount Olympus receives a large amount of snow , and consequently has the greatest glaciation of any no\n\nQuestion:\nwhen did olympic national park became a park\n"
},
{
"from": "agent",
"tok_len": null,
"value": "June 29 , 1938"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"tok_len": 1620,
"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nQuestion:\nwhen did olympic national park became a park\n\nDocument:\n, ( ix ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Reference </Th> <Td> 151 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Inscription </Th> <Td> 1981 ( 5th Session ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan=\"2\"> ( edit on Wikidata ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th_colspan=\"2\"> </Th> </Tr> </Table> <P> Olympic National Park is a United States national park located in the state of Washington , on the Olympic Peninsula . The park has four basic regions : the Pacific coastline , alpine areas , the west side temperate rainforest and the forests of the drier east side . Within the park there are three distinct ecosystems which are sub-alpine forest and wildflower meadow , temperate forest , and the rugged Pacific Shore . These three different ecosystems are in pristine condition and have outstanding scenery . </P> <P> U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt originally created Mount Olympus National Monument on 2 March 1909 . It was designated a national park by President Franklin Roosevelt on June 29 , 1938 . In 1976 , Olympic National Park was designated by UNESCO as an International Biosphere Reserve , and in 1981 as a World Heritage Site . In 1988 , Congress designated 95 percent of the park as the Olympic Wilderness . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Natural / Geologic history <Ul> <Li> 1.1 Coastline </Li> <Li> 1.2 Glaciated mountains </Li> <Li> 1.3 Temperate rainforest </Li> <Li> 1.4 Ecology </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 2 Climate </Li> <Li> 3 Human history </Li> <Li> 4 Fauna </Li> <Li> 5 Recreation </Li> <Li> 6 Elwha Ecosystem Restoration Project </Li> <Li> 7 See also </Li> <Li> 8 References </Li> <Li> 9 External links and literature </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Natural / geologic history ( edit ) </H2> <H3> Coastline ( edit ) </H3> <P> The coastal portion of the park is a rugged , sandy beach along with a strip of adjacent forest . It is 60 miles ( 97 km ) long but just a few miles wide , with native communities at the mouths of two rivers . The Hoh River has the Hoh people and at the town of La Push at the mouth of the Quileute River live the Quileute . </P> Tide pools form at low tide <P> The beach has unbroken stretches of wilderness ranging from 10 to 20 miles ( 16 to 32 km ) . While some beaches are primarily sand , others are covered with heavy rock and very large boulders . Bushy overgrowth , slippery footing , tides and misty rain forest weather all hinder foot travel . ( Times to hike should typically be doubled . ) The coastal strip is more readily accessible than the interior of the Olympics ; due to the difficult terrain , very few backpackers venture beyond casual day - hiking distances . </P> <P> The most popular piece of the coastal strip is the 9 - mile ( 14 km ) Ozette Loop . The Park Service runs a registration and reservation program to control usage levels of this area . From the trailhead at Ozette Lake , a 3 - mile ( 4.8 km ) leg of the trail is a boardwalk - enhanced path through near primal coastal cedar swamp . Arriving at the ocean , it is a 3 - mile walk supplemented by headland trails for high tides . This area has traditionally been favored by the Makah from Neah Bay . The third 3 - mile leg is enabled by a boardwalk which has enhanced the loop 's popularity . </P> Foggy sea stacks <P> There are thick groves of trees adjacent to the sand , which results in chunks of timber from fallen trees on the beach . The mostly unaltered Hoh River , toward the south end of the park , discharges large amounts of naturally eroded timber and other drift , which moves north , enriching the beaches . The removal of driftwood -- logs , dead - heads , tops and root - wads from streams and beaches was a major domestication measure across North America . Even today driftwood deposits form a commanding presence , biologically as well as visually , giving a taste of the original condition of the beach viewable to some extent in early photos . Drift - material often comes from a considerable distance ; the Columbia River formerly contributed huge amounts to the Northwest Pacific coasts . </P> <P> The smaller coastal portion of the park is separated from the larger , inland portion . President Franklin D. Roosevelt originally had supported connecting them with a continuous strip of park land . </P> A 3D computer generated aerial view <P> The park is known for its unique turbidites . It has very exposed turbidities with white calcite veins . Turbidites are rocks or sediments that travel into the ocean as suspended particles in the flow of water , causing a sedimentary layering effect on the ocean floor . Over time the sediments and rock compact and the process repeats as a constant cycle . The park also is known for its tectonic mélanges that have been deemed ' smell rocks ' by the locals due to its strong petroleum odor . Mélanges are large individual rocks that are large enough that they are accounted for in map drawings . The Olympic mélanges can be as large as a house . </P> <H3> Glaciated mountains ( edit ) </H3> The summit of Mount Olympus from the Blue Glacier Subalpine fir in a meadow on Hurricane Ridge <P> Within the center of Olympic National Park rise the Olympic Mountains whose sides and ridgelines are topped with massive , ancient glaciers . The mountains themselves are products of accretionary wedge uplifting related to the Juan De Fuca Plate subduction zone . The geologic composition is a curious mélange of basaltic and oceanic sedimentary rock . The western half of the range is dominated by the peak of Mount Olympus , which rises to 7,965 feet ( 2,428 m ) . Mount Olympus receives a large amount of snow , and consequently has the greatest glaciation of any no\n"
},
{
"from": "agent",
"tok_len": null,
"value": "June 29 , 1938"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"tok_len": 1908,
"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nDocument:\nOlympic National park - wikipedia <H1> Olympic National park </H1> Jump to : navigation , search <Table> <Tr> <Th_colspan=\"2\"> Olympic National Park </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan=\"2\"> IUCN category II ( national park ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan=\"2\"> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan=\"2\"> Location of Olympic National Park Location of Olympic National Park Show map of Washington ( state ) Show map of the US Show all </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Location </Th> <Td> Jefferson , Clallam , Mason , and Grays Harbor counties , Washington , USA </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Nearest city </Th> <Td> Port Angeles </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Coordinates </Th> <Td> 47 ° 58 ′ 10 '' N 123 ° 29 ′ 55 '' W / 47.96935 ° N 123.49856 ° W / 47.96935 ; - 123.49856 Coordinates : 47 ° 58 ′ 10 '' N 123 ° 29 ′ 55 '' W / 47.96935 ° N 123.49856 ° W / 47.96935 ; - 123.49856 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Area </Th> <Td> 922,650 acres ( 3,733.8 km ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Established </Th> <Td> June 29 , 1938 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Visitors </Th> <Td> 3,390,221 ( in 2016 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Governing body </Th> <Td> National Park Service </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Website </Th> <Td> Olympic National Park </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th_colspan=\"2\"> </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th_colspan=\"2\"> UNESCO World Heritage Site </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Criteria </Th> <Td> Natural : ( vii ) , ( ix ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Reference </Th> <Td> 151 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Inscription </Th> <Td> 1981 ( 5th Session ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan=\"2\"> ( edit on Wikidata ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th_colspan=\"2\"> </Th> </Tr> </Table> <P> Olympic National Park is a United States national park located in the state of Washington , on the Olympic Peninsula . The park has four basic regions : the Pacific coastline , alpine areas , the west side temperate rainforest and the forests of the drier east side . Within the park there are three distinct ecosystems which are sub-alpine forest and wildflower meadow , temperate forest , and the rugged Pacific Shore . These three different ecosystems are in pristine condition and have outstanding scenery . </P> <P> U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt originally created Mount Olympus National Monument on 2 March 1909 . It was designated a national park by President Franklin Roosevelt on June 29 , 1938 . In 1976 , Olympic National Park was designated by UNESCO as an International Biosphere Reserve , and in 1981 as a World Heritage Site . In 1988 , Congress designated 95 percent of the park as the Olympic Wilderness . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Natural / Geologic history <Ul> <Li> 1.1 Coastline </Li> <Li> 1.2 Glaciated mountains </Li> <Li> 1.3 Temperate rainforest </Li> <Li> 1.4 Ecology </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 2 Climate </Li> <Li> 3 Human history </Li> <Li> 4 Fauna </Li> <Li> 5 Recreation </Li> <Li> 6 Elwha Ecosystem Restoration Project </Li> <Li> 7 See also </Li> <Li> 8 References </Li> <Li> 9 External links and literature </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Natural / geologic history ( edit ) </H2> <H3> Coastline ( edit ) </H3> <P> The coastal portion of the park is a rugged , sandy beach along with a strip of adjacent forest . It is 60 miles ( 97 km ) long but just a few miles wide , with native communities at the mouths of two rivers . The Hoh River has the Hoh people and at the town of La Push at the mouth of the Quileute River live the Quileute . </P> Tide pools form at low tide <P> The beach has unbroken stretches of wilderness ranging from 10 to 20 miles ( 16 to 32 km ) . While some beaches are primarily sand , others are covered with heavy rock and very large boulders . Bushy overgrowth , slippery footing , tides and misty rain forest weather all hinder foot travel . ( Times to hike should typically be doubled . ) The coastal strip is more readily accessible than the interior of the Olympics ; due to the difficult terrain , very few backpackers venture beyond casual day - hiking distances . </P> <P> The most popular piece of the coastal strip is the 9 - mile ( 14 km ) Ozette Loop . The Park Service runs a registration and reservation program to control usage levels of this area . From the trailhead at Ozette Lake , a 3 - mile ( 4.8 km ) leg of the trail is a boardwalk - enhanced path through near primal coastal cedar swamp . Arriving at the ocean , it is a 3 - mile walk supplemented by headland trails for high tides . This area has traditionally been favored by the Makah from Neah Bay . The third 3 - mile leg is enabled by a boardwalk which has enhanced the loop 's popularity . </P> Foggy sea stacks <P> There are thick groves of trees adjacent to the sand , which results in chunks of timber from fallen trees on the beach . The mostly unaltered Hoh River , toward the south end of the park , discharges large amounts of naturally eroded timber and other drift , which moves north , enriching the beaches . The removal of driftwood -- logs , dead - heads , tops and root - wads from streams and beaches was a major domestication measure across North America . Even today driftwood deposits form a commanding presence , biologically as well as visually , giving a taste of the original condition of the beach viewable to some extent in early photos . Drift - material often comes from a considerable distance ; the Columbia River formerly contributed huge amounts to the Northwest Pacific coasts . </P> <P> The smaller coastal portion of the park is separated from the larger , inland portion . President Franklin D. Roosevelt originally had supported connecting them with a continuous strip of park land . </P> A 3D computer generated aerial view <P> The park is known for its unique turbi\n\nQuestion:\nwhen did olympic national park became a park\n"
},
{
"from": "agent",
"tok_len": null,
"value": "June 29 , 1938"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"tok_len": 1908,
"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nQuestion:\nwhen did olympic national park became a park\n\nDocument:\nOlympic National park - wikipedia <H1> Olympic National park </H1> Jump to : navigation , search <Table> <Tr> <Th_colspan=\"2\"> Olympic National Park </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan=\"2\"> IUCN category II ( national park ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan=\"2\"> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan=\"2\"> Location of Olympic National Park Location of Olympic National Park Show map of Washington ( state ) Show map of the US Show all </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Location </Th> <Td> Jefferson , Clallam , Mason , and Grays Harbor counties , Washington , USA </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Nearest city </Th> <Td> Port Angeles </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Coordinates </Th> <Td> 47 ° 58 ′ 10 '' N 123 ° 29 ′ 55 '' W / 47.96935 ° N 123.49856 ° W / 47.96935 ; - 123.49856 Coordinates : 47 ° 58 ′ 10 '' N 123 ° 29 ′ 55 '' W / 47.96935 ° N 123.49856 ° W / 47.96935 ; - 123.49856 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Area </Th> <Td> 922,650 acres ( 3,733.8 km ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Established </Th> <Td> June 29 , 1938 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Visitors </Th> <Td> 3,390,221 ( in 2016 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Governing body </Th> <Td> National Park Service </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Website </Th> <Td> Olympic National Park </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th_colspan=\"2\"> </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th_colspan=\"2\"> UNESCO World Heritage Site </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Criteria </Th> <Td> Natural : ( vii ) , ( ix ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Reference </Th> <Td> 151 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Inscription </Th> <Td> 1981 ( 5th Session ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan=\"2\"> ( edit on Wikidata ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th_colspan=\"2\"> </Th> </Tr> </Table> <P> Olympic National Park is a United States national park located in the state of Washington , on the Olympic Peninsula . The park has four basic regions : the Pacific coastline , alpine areas , the west side temperate rainforest and the forests of the drier east side . Within the park there are three distinct ecosystems which are sub-alpine forest and wildflower meadow , temperate forest , and the rugged Pacific Shore . These three different ecosystems are in pristine condition and have outstanding scenery . </P> <P> U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt originally created Mount Olympus National Monument on 2 March 1909 . It was designated a national park by President Franklin Roosevelt on June 29 , 1938 . In 1976 , Olympic National Park was designated by UNESCO as an International Biosphere Reserve , and in 1981 as a World Heritage Site . In 1988 , Congress designated 95 percent of the park as the Olympic Wilderness . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Natural / Geologic history <Ul> <Li> 1.1 Coastline </Li> <Li> 1.2 Glaciated mountains </Li> <Li> 1.3 Temperate rainforest </Li> <Li> 1.4 Ecology </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 2 Climate </Li> <Li> 3 Human history </Li> <Li> 4 Fauna </Li> <Li> 5 Recreation </Li> <Li> 6 Elwha Ecosystem Restoration Project </Li> <Li> 7 See also </Li> <Li> 8 References </Li> <Li> 9 External links and literature </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Natural / geologic history ( edit ) </H2> <H3> Coastline ( edit ) </H3> <P> The coastal portion of the park is a rugged , sandy beach along with a strip of adjacent forest . It is 60 miles ( 97 km ) long but just a few miles wide , with native communities at the mouths of two rivers . The Hoh River has the Hoh people and at the town of La Push at the mouth of the Quileute River live the Quileute . </P> Tide pools form at low tide <P> The beach has unbroken stretches of wilderness ranging from 10 to 20 miles ( 16 to 32 km ) . While some beaches are primarily sand , others are covered with heavy rock and very large boulders . Bushy overgrowth , slippery footing , tides and misty rain forest weather all hinder foot travel . ( Times to hike should typically be doubled . ) The coastal strip is more readily accessible than the interior of the Olympics ; due to the difficult terrain , very few backpackers venture beyond casual day - hiking distances . </P> <P> The most popular piece of the coastal strip is the 9 - mile ( 14 km ) Ozette Loop . The Park Service runs a registration and reservation program to control usage levels of this area . From the trailhead at Ozette Lake , a 3 - mile ( 4.8 km ) leg of the trail is a boardwalk - enhanced path through near primal coastal cedar swamp . Arriving at the ocean , it is a 3 - mile walk supplemented by headland trails for high tides . This area has traditionally been favored by the Makah from Neah Bay . The third 3 - mile leg is enabled by a boardwalk which has enhanced the loop 's popularity . </P> Foggy sea stacks <P> There are thick groves of trees adjacent to the sand , which results in chunks of timber from fallen trees on the beach . The mostly unaltered Hoh River , toward the south end of the park , discharges large amounts of naturally eroded timber and other drift , which moves north , enriching the beaches . The removal of driftwood -- logs , dead - heads , tops and root - wads from streams and beaches was a major domestication measure across North America . Even today driftwood deposits form a commanding presence , biologically as well as visually , giving a taste of the original condition of the beach viewable to some extent in early photos . Drift - material often comes from a considerable distance ; the Columbia River formerly contributed huge amounts to the Northwest Pacific coasts . </P> <P> The smaller coastal portion of the park is separated from the larger , inland portion . President Franklin D. Roosevelt originally had supported connecting them with a continuous strip of park land . </P> A 3D computer generated aerial view <P> The park is known for its unique turbi\n"
},
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"value": "June 29 , 1938"
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[
{
"from": "human",
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"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nDocument:\nand concluded on November 23 , 2008 . It consists of 12 episodes , each running approximately 55 minutes in length and was , for the most part , based on the novel Dead Until Dark , the first entry in The Southern Vampire Mysteries by Charlaine Harris . The story takes place in the fictional town of Bon Temps , Louisiana , two years after vampires have made their presence known to mankind , and follows telepathic waitress Sookie Stackhouse as she attempts to solve a series of murders that seem to be motivated by a hatred of vampires . </P> <P> HBO broadcast the first season on Sunday nights at 9 : 00 pm in the United States , with a repeat showing at 11 : 00 pm . The complete first season was released on DVD and Blu - ray on May 19 , 2009 . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Plot </Li> <Li> 2 Episodes </Li> <Li> 3 Cast and characters <Ul> <Li> 3.1 Main cast </Li> <Li> 3.2 Guest cast </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 4 Production <Ul> <Li> 4.1 Crew </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 5 Reception </Li> <Li> 6 Awards & nominations </Li> <Li> 7 Ratings <Ul> <Li> 7.1 United Kingdom </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 8 Season 1 ending credits songs </Li> <Li> 9 References </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Plot ( edit ) </H2> <P> Sookie Stackhouse ( Anna Paquin ) is a waitress with telepathic abilities . Stephen Moyer plays her love interest , vampire Bill Compton . Sookie works for Sam Merlotte , played by Sam Trammell , owner of Merlotte 's bar and a shapeshifter who has a crush on Sookie . Rutina Wesley plays Sookie 's best friend Tara Thornton , begins bartending at Merlotte 's after quitting her job at the Super Save - A-Bunch . Also working at Merlotte 's are Tara 's cousin Lafayette Reynolds , played by Nelsan Ellis , a short order cook and hustler , and Arlene Fowler , played by Carrie Preston . Arlene is a thrice - divorced waitress with two children who , over the course of the season , becomes engaged to Rene Lenier , played by Michael Raymond - James , a Cajun labourer who works on a road crew . </P> <P> Ryan Kwanten plays Jason Stackhouse , Sookie 's brother , a labourer on a road crew and ladies ' man . Jason 's sexual relations begin to die , one after the other , and he is suspected of being a serial killer . Jim Parrack is Hoyt Fortenberry , Jason 's co-worker who admires Jason 's abilities with women . Lois Smith plays Adele Stackhouse , Jason and Sookie 's grandmother who has looked after them since the deaths of their parents . Lizzy Caplan plays Jason 's love interest Amy Burley , who begins a relationship with Jason because of a shared addiction to vampire blood , or `` V '' . They kidnap Eddie Gauthier , played by Stephen Root , to use his blood . </P> <P> In the vampire community Alexander Skarsgård plays Eric Northman , the Sheriff of Area 5 , which includes Bon Temps , and owner of the vampire bar Fangtasia . Working for Eric , both in the bar and under him as Sheriff , are Pam , played by Kristin Bauer , and Chow , played by Patrick Gallagher . The bartender Longshadow , played by Raoul Trujillo , is killed by Bill to protect Sookie . As punishment for killing a fellow vampire and to replenish the vampire ranks , Bill is taken to the Magister , played by Željko Ivanek , and forced to sire Jessica Hamby , played by Deborah Ann Woll . Jessica is cared for by Eric but when he grows tired of her he leaves her with Bill . </P> <P> In the middle of the season Tara 's mother , Lettie Mae , played by Adina Porter , undergoes an exorcism to rid herself of what she terms her `` demons '' - her addiction to alcohol . The exorcism is administered by `` Miss Jeanette '' an alias of Nancy LeGuare , played by Aisha Hinds . Following her exorcism Lettie Mae kicks Tara out . Following a crash and DUI , Tara is taken in by Maryann Forrester ( who initially presents herself to Tara as some kind of social worker ) , played by Michelle Forbes . While staying with Maryann , Tara meets `` Eggs '' Benedict Talley , played by Mehcad Brooks , to whom she feels a strong attraction . </P> <P> The central mystery of the season begins when Maudette Pickens , played by Danielle Sapia , is killed . William Sanderson plays Sheriff Dearborne , who places his only detective , Andy Bellefleur , played by Chris Bauer , in charge of finding the killer . Bellefleur suspects Jason Stackhouse , and that suspicion grows after the murder of Dawn Green , played by Lynn Collins . Andy 's cousin Terry , played by Todd Lowe , works as a cook at Merlotte 's . </P> <P> Other minor characters include Mack and Denise Rattray , played by James Jean Parks and Karina Logue . Bartlett Hale played by Cheyenne Wilbur , Sookie and Jason 's pedophile great - uncle . Coroner 's assistant Neil Jones played by Kevin Michael McHale , and vampires Malcolm , Liam and Diane played by Andrew Rothenberg , Graham Shiels and Aunjanue Ellis . </P> <P> The international conflict between vampires and humans is played out in the background , but two minor characters are introduced who become major characters in the second season . Michael McMillian plays Reverend Steve Newlin and Anna Camp plays his wife Sarah . They head the anti-vampire church the Fellowship of the Sun following the death of Steve 's father , who was supposedly killed by vampires . A representative of the Fellowship of the Sun approaches Jason Stackhouse while he is in jail in the final episode of the season . </P> <H2> Episodes ( edit ) </H2> See also : List of True Blood episodes <Table> <Tr> <Th> No . overall </Th> <Th> No. in season </Th> <Th> Title </Th> <Th> Directed by </Th> <Th> Written by </Th> <Th> Original air date </Th> <Th> U.S. viewers ( millions ) </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> </Th> <Td> </Td> <Td> `` Strange Love '' </Td> <Td> Alan Ball </Td> <Td> Alan Ball </Td> <Td> September 7 , 2008 ( 2008 - 09 - 07 ) </Td> <Td> 1.44 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan=\"7\"> It has been two years since the invention of the synthetic plasma TruBlood that has allowed vampires to make their presence known to mankind . In the small town of Bon Temps , Louisiana , 25 - year - old waitress Sookie Stackhouse struggles with being telepathic and not being able to control hearing the thoughts of everyone she sees . That is until 173 - year - old vampire Bill Compton walks into Merlotte 's bar where Sookie works . She is immediately drawn to him , and so are Mack and Denise Rattray , a couple of local thugs who later attack Bill with silver and try to drain his blood so that they can sell it on the black market . But Sookie rescues him and drives the Rattrays away , after which she learns that not only is Bill equally interested in her , but that she can not read his thoughts as his b\n\nQuestion:\nhow many episodes are in true blood season 1\n"
},
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"from": "agent",
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"value": "12"
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[
{
"from": "human",
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"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nQuestion:\nhow many episodes are in true blood season 1\n\nDocument:\nand concluded on November 23 , 2008 . It consists of 12 episodes , each running approximately 55 minutes in length and was , for the most part , based on the novel Dead Until Dark , the first entry in The Southern Vampire Mysteries by Charlaine Harris . The story takes place in the fictional town of Bon Temps , Louisiana , two years after vampires have made their presence known to mankind , and follows telepathic waitress Sookie Stackhouse as she attempts to solve a series of murders that seem to be motivated by a hatred of vampires . </P> <P> HBO broadcast the first season on Sunday nights at 9 : 00 pm in the United States , with a repeat showing at 11 : 00 pm . The complete first season was released on DVD and Blu - ray on May 19 , 2009 . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Plot </Li> <Li> 2 Episodes </Li> <Li> 3 Cast and characters <Ul> <Li> 3.1 Main cast </Li> <Li> 3.2 Guest cast </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 4 Production <Ul> <Li> 4.1 Crew </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 5 Reception </Li> <Li> 6 Awards & nominations </Li> <Li> 7 Ratings <Ul> <Li> 7.1 United Kingdom </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 8 Season 1 ending credits songs </Li> <Li> 9 References </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Plot ( edit ) </H2> <P> Sookie Stackhouse ( Anna Paquin ) is a waitress with telepathic abilities . Stephen Moyer plays her love interest , vampire Bill Compton . Sookie works for Sam Merlotte , played by Sam Trammell , owner of Merlotte 's bar and a shapeshifter who has a crush on Sookie . Rutina Wesley plays Sookie 's best friend Tara Thornton , begins bartending at Merlotte 's after quitting her job at the Super Save - A-Bunch . Also working at Merlotte 's are Tara 's cousin Lafayette Reynolds , played by Nelsan Ellis , a short order cook and hustler , and Arlene Fowler , played by Carrie Preston . Arlene is a thrice - divorced waitress with two children who , over the course of the season , becomes engaged to Rene Lenier , played by Michael Raymond - James , a Cajun labourer who works on a road crew . </P> <P> Ryan Kwanten plays Jason Stackhouse , Sookie 's brother , a labourer on a road crew and ladies ' man . Jason 's sexual relations begin to die , one after the other , and he is suspected of being a serial killer . Jim Parrack is Hoyt Fortenberry , Jason 's co-worker who admires Jason 's abilities with women . Lois Smith plays Adele Stackhouse , Jason and Sookie 's grandmother who has looked after them since the deaths of their parents . Lizzy Caplan plays Jason 's love interest Amy Burley , who begins a relationship with Jason because of a shared addiction to vampire blood , or `` V '' . They kidnap Eddie Gauthier , played by Stephen Root , to use his blood . </P> <P> In the vampire community Alexander Skarsgård plays Eric Northman , the Sheriff of Area 5 , which includes Bon Temps , and owner of the vampire bar Fangtasia . Working for Eric , both in the bar and under him as Sheriff , are Pam , played by Kristin Bauer , and Chow , played by Patrick Gallagher . The bartender Longshadow , played by Raoul Trujillo , is killed by Bill to protect Sookie . As punishment for killing a fellow vampire and to replenish the vampire ranks , Bill is taken to the Magister , played by Željko Ivanek , and forced to sire Jessica Hamby , played by Deborah Ann Woll . Jessica is cared for by Eric but when he grows tired of her he leaves her with Bill . </P> <P> In the middle of the season Tara 's mother , Lettie Mae , played by Adina Porter , undergoes an exorcism to rid herself of what she terms her `` demons '' - her addiction to alcohol . The exorcism is administered by `` Miss Jeanette '' an alias of Nancy LeGuare , played by Aisha Hinds . Following her exorcism Lettie Mae kicks Tara out . Following a crash and DUI , Tara is taken in by Maryann Forrester ( who initially presents herself to Tara as some kind of social worker ) , played by Michelle Forbes . While staying with Maryann , Tara meets `` Eggs '' Benedict Talley , played by Mehcad Brooks , to whom she feels a strong attraction . </P> <P> The central mystery of the season begins when Maudette Pickens , played by Danielle Sapia , is killed . William Sanderson plays Sheriff Dearborne , who places his only detective , Andy Bellefleur , played by Chris Bauer , in charge of finding the killer . Bellefleur suspects Jason Stackhouse , and that suspicion grows after the murder of Dawn Green , played by Lynn Collins . Andy 's cousin Terry , played by Todd Lowe , works as a cook at Merlotte 's . </P> <P> Other minor characters include Mack and Denise Rattray , played by James Jean Parks and Karina Logue . Bartlett Hale played by Cheyenne Wilbur , Sookie and Jason 's pedophile great - uncle . Coroner 's assistant Neil Jones played by Kevin Michael McHale , and vampires Malcolm , Liam and Diane played by Andrew Rothenberg , Graham Shiels and Aunjanue Ellis . </P> <P> The international conflict between vampires and humans is played out in the background , but two minor characters are introduced who become major characters in the second season . Michael McMillian plays Reverend Steve Newlin and Anna Camp plays his wife Sarah . They head the anti-vampire church the Fellowship of the Sun following the death of Steve 's father , who was supposedly killed by vampires . A representative of the Fellowship of the Sun approaches Jason Stackhouse while he is in jail in the final episode of the season . </P> <H2> Episodes ( edit ) </H2> See also : List of True Blood episodes <Table> <Tr> <Th> No . overall </Th> <Th> No. in season </Th> <Th> Title </Th> <Th> Directed by </Th> <Th> Written by </Th> <Th> Original air date </Th> <Th> U.S. viewers ( millions ) </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> </Th> <Td> </Td> <Td> `` Strange Love '' </Td> <Td> Alan Ball </Td> <Td> Alan Ball </Td> <Td> September 7 , 2008 ( 2008 - 09 - 07 ) </Td> <Td> 1.44 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan=\"7\"> It has been two years since the invention of the synthetic plasma TruBlood that has allowed vampires to make their presence known to mankind . In the small town of Bon Temps , Louisiana , 25 - year - old waitress Sookie Stackhouse struggles with being telepathic and not being able to control hearing the thoughts of everyone she sees . That is until 173 - year - old vampire Bill Compton walks into Merlotte 's bar where Sookie works . She is immediately drawn to him , and so are Mack and Denise Rattray , a couple of local thugs who later attack Bill with silver and try to drain his blood so that they can sell it on the black market . But Sookie rescues him and drives the Rattrays away , after which she learns that not only is Bill equally interested in her , but that she can not read his thoughts as his b\n"
},
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"from": "agent",
"tok_len": null,
"value": "12"
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[
{
"from": "human",
"tok_len": 2135,
"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nDocument:\nTrue blood ( season 1 ) - wikipedia <H1> True blood ( season 1 ) </H1> Jump to : navigation , search <Table> <Tr> <Th_colspan=\"2\"> True Blood ( season 1 ) </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan=\"2\"> DVD cover art </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Country of origin </Th> <Td> United States </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> No. of episodes </Th> <Td> 12 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th_colspan=\"2\"> Release </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Original network </Th> <Td> HBO </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Original release </Th> <Td> September 7 ( 2008 - 09 - 07 ) -- November 23 , 2008 ( 2008 - 11 - 23 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th_colspan=\"2\"> Season chronology </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan=\"2\"> Next → Season 2 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan=\"2\"> List of True Blood episodes </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> The first season of the American television drama series True Blood premiered on September 7 , 2008 and concluded on November 23 , 2008 . It consists of 12 episodes , each running approximately 55 minutes in length and was , for the most part , based on the novel Dead Until Dark , the first entry in The Southern Vampire Mysteries by Charlaine Harris . The story takes place in the fictional town of Bon Temps , Louisiana , two years after vampires have made their presence known to mankind , and follows telepathic waitress Sookie Stackhouse as she attempts to solve a series of murders that seem to be motivated by a hatred of vampires . </P> <P> HBO broadcast the first season on Sunday nights at 9 : 00 pm in the United States , with a repeat showing at 11 : 00 pm . The complete first season was released on DVD and Blu - ray on May 19 , 2009 . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Plot </Li> <Li> 2 Episodes </Li> <Li> 3 Cast and characters <Ul> <Li> 3.1 Main cast </Li> <Li> 3.2 Guest cast </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 4 Production <Ul> <Li> 4.1 Crew </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 5 Reception </Li> <Li> 6 Awards & nominations </Li> <Li> 7 Ratings <Ul> <Li> 7.1 United Kingdom </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 8 Season 1 ending credits songs </Li> <Li> 9 References </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Plot ( edit ) </H2> <P> Sookie Stackhouse ( Anna Paquin ) is a waitress with telepathic abilities . Stephen Moyer plays her love interest , vampire Bill Compton . Sookie works for Sam Merlotte , played by Sam Trammell , owner of Merlotte 's bar and a shapeshifter who has a crush on Sookie . Rutina Wesley plays Sookie 's best friend Tara Thornton , begins bartending at Merlotte 's after quitting her job at the Super Save - A-Bunch . Also working at Merlotte 's are Tara 's cousin Lafayette Reynolds , played by Nelsan Ellis , a short order cook and hustler , and Arlene Fowler , played by Carrie Preston . Arlene is a thrice - divorced waitress with two children who , over the course of the season , becomes engaged to Rene Lenier , played by Michael Raymond - James , a Cajun labourer who works on a road crew . </P> <P> Ryan Kwanten plays Jason Stackhouse , Sookie 's brother , a labourer on a road crew and ladies ' man . Jason 's sexual relations begin to die , one after the other , and he is suspected of being a serial killer . Jim Parrack is Hoyt Fortenberry , Jason 's co-worker who admires Jason 's abilities with women . Lois Smith plays Adele Stackhouse , Jason and Sookie 's grandmother who has looked after them since the deaths of their parents . Lizzy Caplan plays Jason 's love interest Amy Burley , who begins a relationship with Jason because of a shared addiction to vampire blood , or `` V '' . They kidnap Eddie Gauthier , played by Stephen Root , to use his blood . </P> <P> In the vampire community Alexander Skarsgård plays Eric Northman , the Sheriff of Area 5 , which includes Bon Temps , and owner of the vampire bar Fangtasia . Working for Eric , both in the bar and under him as Sheriff , are Pam , played by Kristin Bauer , and Chow , played by Patrick Gallagher . The bartender Longshadow , played by Raoul Trujillo , is killed by Bill to protect Sookie . As punishment for killing a fellow vampire and to replenish the vampire ranks , Bill is taken to the Magister , played by Željko Ivanek , and forced to sire Jessica Hamby , played by Deborah Ann Woll . Jessica is cared for by Eric but when he grows tired of her he leaves her with Bill . </P> <P> In the middle of the season Tara 's mother , Lettie Mae , played by Adina Porter , undergoes an exorcism to rid herself of what she terms her `` demons '' - her addiction to alcohol . The exorcism is administered by `` Miss Jeanette '' an alias of Nancy LeGuare , played by Aisha Hinds . Following her exorcism Lettie Mae kicks Tara out . Following a crash and DUI , Tara is taken in by Maryann Forrester ( who initially presents herself to Tara as some kind of social worker ) , played by Michelle Forbes . While staying with Maryann , Tara meets `` Eggs '' Benedict Talley , played by Mehcad Brooks , to whom she feels a strong attraction . </P> <P> The central mystery of the season begins when Maudette Pickens , played by Danielle Sapia , is killed . William Sanderson plays Sheriff Dearborne , who places his only detective , Andy Bellefleur , played by Chris Bauer , in charge of finding the killer . Bellefleur suspects Jason Stackhouse , and that suspicion grows after the murder of Dawn Green , played by Lynn Collins . Andy 's cousin Terry , played by Todd Lowe , works as a cook at Merlotte 's . </P> <P> Other minor characters include Mack and Denise Rattray , played by James Jean Parks and Karina Logue . Bartlett Hale played by Cheyenne Wilbur , Sookie and Jason 's pedophile great - uncle . Coroner 's assistant Neil Jones played by Kevin Michael McHale , and vampires Malcolm , Liam and Diane played by Andrew Rothenberg , Graham Shiels and Aunjanue Ellis . </P> <P> The international conflict between vampires and humans is played out in the background , but two minor characters are introduced who become major characters in the second season . Michael McMillian plays Reverend Steve Newlin and Anna Camp plays his wife Sarah . They head the anti-vampire church the Fellowship of the Sun following the death of Steve 's father , who was supposedly killed by vampires . A representative of the Fellowship of the Sun approaches Jason Stackhouse while he is in jail in the final episode of the season . </P> <H2> Episodes ( edit ) </H2> See also : List of True Blood episodes <Table> <Tr> <Th> No . overall </Th> <Th> No. in season </Th> <Th> Title </Th> <Th> Directed by </Th> <Th> Written by </Th> <Th> Original air date </Th> <Th> U.S. viewers ( millions ) </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> </Th> <Td> </Td> <Td> `` Strange Love '' </Td> <Td> Alan Ball </Td> <Td> Alan Ball </Td> <Td> September 7 , 2008 ( 2008 - 09 - 07 ) </Td> <Td> 1.44 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_\n\nQuestion:\nhow many episodes are in true blood season 1\n"
},
{
"from": "agent",
"tok_len": null,
"value": "12"
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] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"tok_len": 2135,
"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nQuestion:\nhow many episodes are in true blood season 1\n\nDocument:\nTrue blood ( season 1 ) - wikipedia <H1> True blood ( season 1 ) </H1> Jump to : navigation , search <Table> <Tr> <Th_colspan=\"2\"> True Blood ( season 1 ) </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan=\"2\"> DVD cover art </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Country of origin </Th> <Td> United States </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> No. of episodes </Th> <Td> 12 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th_colspan=\"2\"> Release </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Original network </Th> <Td> HBO </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Original release </Th> <Td> September 7 ( 2008 - 09 - 07 ) -- November 23 , 2008 ( 2008 - 11 - 23 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th_colspan=\"2\"> Season chronology </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan=\"2\"> Next → Season 2 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan=\"2\"> List of True Blood episodes </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> The first season of the American television drama series True Blood premiered on September 7 , 2008 and concluded on November 23 , 2008 . It consists of 12 episodes , each running approximately 55 minutes in length and was , for the most part , based on the novel Dead Until Dark , the first entry in The Southern Vampire Mysteries by Charlaine Harris . The story takes place in the fictional town of Bon Temps , Louisiana , two years after vampires have made their presence known to mankind , and follows telepathic waitress Sookie Stackhouse as she attempts to solve a series of murders that seem to be motivated by a hatred of vampires . </P> <P> HBO broadcast the first season on Sunday nights at 9 : 00 pm in the United States , with a repeat showing at 11 : 00 pm . The complete first season was released on DVD and Blu - ray on May 19 , 2009 . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Plot </Li> <Li> 2 Episodes </Li> <Li> 3 Cast and characters <Ul> <Li> 3.1 Main cast </Li> <Li> 3.2 Guest cast </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 4 Production <Ul> <Li> 4.1 Crew </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 5 Reception </Li> <Li> 6 Awards & nominations </Li> <Li> 7 Ratings <Ul> <Li> 7.1 United Kingdom </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 8 Season 1 ending credits songs </Li> <Li> 9 References </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Plot ( edit ) </H2> <P> Sookie Stackhouse ( Anna Paquin ) is a waitress with telepathic abilities . Stephen Moyer plays her love interest , vampire Bill Compton . Sookie works for Sam Merlotte , played by Sam Trammell , owner of Merlotte 's bar and a shapeshifter who has a crush on Sookie . Rutina Wesley plays Sookie 's best friend Tara Thornton , begins bartending at Merlotte 's after quitting her job at the Super Save - A-Bunch . Also working at Merlotte 's are Tara 's cousin Lafayette Reynolds , played by Nelsan Ellis , a short order cook and hustler , and Arlene Fowler , played by Carrie Preston . Arlene is a thrice - divorced waitress with two children who , over the course of the season , becomes engaged to Rene Lenier , played by Michael Raymond - James , a Cajun labourer who works on a road crew . </P> <P> Ryan Kwanten plays Jason Stackhouse , Sookie 's brother , a labourer on a road crew and ladies ' man . Jason 's sexual relations begin to die , one after the other , and he is suspected of being a serial killer . Jim Parrack is Hoyt Fortenberry , Jason 's co-worker who admires Jason 's abilities with women . Lois Smith plays Adele Stackhouse , Jason and Sookie 's grandmother who has looked after them since the deaths of their parents . Lizzy Caplan plays Jason 's love interest Amy Burley , who begins a relationship with Jason because of a shared addiction to vampire blood , or `` V '' . They kidnap Eddie Gauthier , played by Stephen Root , to use his blood . </P> <P> In the vampire community Alexander Skarsgård plays Eric Northman , the Sheriff of Area 5 , which includes Bon Temps , and owner of the vampire bar Fangtasia . Working for Eric , both in the bar and under him as Sheriff , are Pam , played by Kristin Bauer , and Chow , played by Patrick Gallagher . The bartender Longshadow , played by Raoul Trujillo , is killed by Bill to protect Sookie . As punishment for killing a fellow vampire and to replenish the vampire ranks , Bill is taken to the Magister , played by Željko Ivanek , and forced to sire Jessica Hamby , played by Deborah Ann Woll . Jessica is cared for by Eric but when he grows tired of her he leaves her with Bill . </P> <P> In the middle of the season Tara 's mother , Lettie Mae , played by Adina Porter , undergoes an exorcism to rid herself of what she terms her `` demons '' - her addiction to alcohol . The exorcism is administered by `` Miss Jeanette '' an alias of Nancy LeGuare , played by Aisha Hinds . Following her exorcism Lettie Mae kicks Tara out . Following a crash and DUI , Tara is taken in by Maryann Forrester ( who initially presents herself to Tara as some kind of social worker ) , played by Michelle Forbes . While staying with Maryann , Tara meets `` Eggs '' Benedict Talley , played by Mehcad Brooks , to whom she feels a strong attraction . </P> <P> The central mystery of the season begins when Maudette Pickens , played by Danielle Sapia , is killed . William Sanderson plays Sheriff Dearborne , who places his only detective , Andy Bellefleur , played by Chris Bauer , in charge of finding the killer . Bellefleur suspects Jason Stackhouse , and that suspicion grows after the murder of Dawn Green , played by Lynn Collins . Andy 's cousin Terry , played by Todd Lowe , works as a cook at Merlotte 's . </P> <P> Other minor characters include Mack and Denise Rattray , played by James Jean Parks and Karina Logue . Bartlett Hale played by Cheyenne Wilbur , Sookie and Jason 's pedophile great - uncle . Coroner 's assistant Neil Jones played by Kevin Michael McHale , and vampires Malcolm , Liam and Diane played by Andrew Rothenberg , Graham Shiels and Aunjanue Ellis . </P> <P> The international conflict between vampires and humans is played out in the background , but two minor characters are introduced who become major characters in the second season . Michael McMillian plays Reverend Steve Newlin and Anna Camp plays his wife Sarah . They head the anti-vampire church the Fellowship of the Sun following the death of Steve 's father , who was supposedly killed by vampires . A representative of the Fellowship of the Sun approaches Jason Stackhouse while he is in jail in the final episode of the season . </P> <H2> Episodes ( edit ) </H2> See also : List of True Blood episodes <Table> <Tr> <Th> No . overall </Th> <Th> No. in season </Th> <Th> Title </Th> <Th> Directed by </Th> <Th> Written by </Th> <Th> Original air date </Th> <Th> U.S. viewers ( millions ) </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> </Th> <Td> </Td> <Td> `` Strange Love '' </Td> <Td> Alan Ball </Td> <Td> Alan Ball </Td> <Td> September 7 , 2008 ( 2008 - 09 - 07 ) </Td> <Td> 1.44 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_\n"
},
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"tok_len": null,
"value": "12"
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[
{
"from": "human",
"tok_len": 2135,
"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nDocument:\nTrue blood ( season 1 ) - wikipedia <H1> True blood ( season 1 ) </H1> Jump to : navigation , search <Table> <Tr> <Th_colspan=\"2\"> True Blood ( season 1 ) </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan=\"2\"> DVD cover art </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Country of origin </Th> <Td> United States </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> No. of episodes </Th> <Td> 12 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th_colspan=\"2\"> Release </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Original network </Th> <Td> HBO </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Original release </Th> <Td> September 7 ( 2008 - 09 - 07 ) -- November 23 , 2008 ( 2008 - 11 - 23 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th_colspan=\"2\"> Season chronology </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan=\"2\"> Next → Season 2 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan=\"2\"> List of True Blood episodes </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> The first season of the American television drama series True Blood premiered on September 7 , 2008 and concluded on November 23 , 2008 . It consists of 12 episodes , each running approximately 55 minutes in length and was , for the most part , based on the novel Dead Until Dark , the first entry in The Southern Vampire Mysteries by Charlaine Harris . The story takes place in the fictional town of Bon Temps , Louisiana , two years after vampires have made their presence known to mankind , and follows telepathic waitress Sookie Stackhouse as she attempts to solve a series of murders that seem to be motivated by a hatred of vampires . </P> <P> HBO broadcast the first season on Sunday nights at 9 : 00 pm in the United States , with a repeat showing at 11 : 00 pm . The complete first season was released on DVD and Blu - ray on May 19 , 2009 . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Plot </Li> <Li> 2 Episodes </Li> <Li> 3 Cast and characters <Ul> <Li> 3.1 Main cast </Li> <Li> 3.2 Guest cast </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 4 Production <Ul> <Li> 4.1 Crew </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 5 Reception </Li> <Li> 6 Awards & nominations </Li> <Li> 7 Ratings <Ul> <Li> 7.1 United Kingdom </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 8 Season 1 ending credits songs </Li> <Li> 9 References </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Plot ( edit ) </H2> <P> Sookie Stackhouse ( Anna Paquin ) is a waitress with telepathic abilities . Stephen Moyer plays her love interest , vampire Bill Compton . Sookie works for Sam Merlotte , played by Sam Trammell , owner of Merlotte 's bar and a shapeshifter who has a crush on Sookie . Rutina Wesley plays Sookie 's best friend Tara Thornton , begins bartending at Merlotte 's after quitting her job at the Super Save - A-Bunch . Also working at Merlotte 's are Tara 's cousin Lafayette Reynolds , played by Nelsan Ellis , a short order cook and hustler , and Arlene Fowler , played by Carrie Preston . Arlene is a thrice - divorced waitress with two children who , over the course of the season , becomes engaged to Rene Lenier , played by Michael Raymond - James , a Cajun labourer who works on a road crew . </P> <P> Ryan Kwanten plays Jason Stackhouse , Sookie 's brother , a labourer on a road crew and ladies ' man . Jason 's sexual relations begin to die , one after the other , and he is suspected of being a serial killer . Jim Parrack is Hoyt Fortenberry , Jason 's co-worker who admires Jason 's abilities with women . Lois Smith plays Adele Stackhouse , Jason and Sookie 's grandmother who has looked after them since the deaths of their parents . Lizzy Caplan plays Jason 's love interest Amy Burley , who begins a relationship with Jason because of a shared addiction to vampire blood , or `` V '' . They kidnap Eddie Gauthier , played by Stephen Root , to use his blood . </P> <P> In the vampire community Alexander Skarsgård plays Eric Northman , the Sheriff of Area 5 , which includes Bon Temps , and owner of the vampire bar Fangtasia . Working for Eric , both in the bar and under him as Sheriff , are Pam , played by Kristin Bauer , and Chow , played by Patrick Gallagher . The bartender Longshadow , played by Raoul Trujillo , is killed by Bill to protect Sookie . As punishment for killing a fellow vampire and to replenish the vampire ranks , Bill is taken to the Magister , played by Željko Ivanek , and forced to sire Jessica Hamby , played by Deborah Ann Woll . Jessica is cared for by Eric but when he grows tired of her he leaves her with Bill . </P> <P> In the middle of the season Tara 's mother , Lettie Mae , played by Adina Porter , undergoes an exorcism to rid herself of what she terms her `` demons '' - her addiction to alcohol . The exorcism is administered by `` Miss Jeanette '' an alias of Nancy LeGuare , played by Aisha Hinds . Following her exorcism Lettie Mae kicks Tara out . Following a crash and DUI , Tara is taken in by Maryann Forrester ( who initially presents herself to Tara as some kind of social worker ) , played by Michelle Forbes . While staying with Maryann , Tara meets `` Eggs '' Benedict Talley , played by Mehcad Brooks , to whom she feels a strong attraction . </P> <P> The central mystery of the season begins when Maudette Pickens , played by Danielle Sapia , is killed . William Sanderson plays Sheriff Dearborne , who places his only detective , Andy Bellefleur , played by Chris Bauer , in charge of finding the killer . Bellefleur suspects Jason Stackhouse , and that suspicion grows after the murder of Dawn Green , played by Lynn Collins . Andy 's cousin Terry , played by Todd Lowe , works as a cook at Merlotte 's . </P> <P> Other minor characters include Mack and Denise Rattray , played by James Jean Parks and Karina Logue . Bartlett Hale played by Cheyenne Wilbur , Sookie and Jason 's pedophile great - uncle . Coroner 's assistant Neil Jones played by Kevin Michael McHale , and vampires Malcolm , Liam and Diane played by Andrew Rothenberg , Graham Shiels and Aunjanue Ellis . </P> <P> The international conflict between vampires and humans is played out in the background , but two minor characters are introduced who become major characters in the second season . Michael McMillian plays Reverend Steve Newlin and Anna Camp plays his wife Sarah . They head the anti-vampire church the Fellowship of the Sun following the death of Steve 's father , who was supposedly killed by vampires . A representative of the Fellowship of the Sun approaches Jason Stackhouse while he is in jail in the final episode of the season . </P> <H2> Episodes ( edit ) </H2> See also : List of True Blood episodes <Table> <Tr> <Th> No . overall </Th> <Th> No. in season </Th> <Th> Title </Th> <Th> Directed by </Th> <Th> Written by </Th> <Th> Original air date </Th> <Th> U.S. viewers ( millions ) </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> </Th> <Td> </Td> <Td> `` Strange Love '' </Td> <Td> Alan Ball </Td> <Td> Alan Ball </Td> <Td> September 7 , 2008 ( 2008 - 09 - 07 ) </Td> <Td> 1.44 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_\n\nQuestion:\nhow many episodes are in true blood season 1\n"
},
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"tok_len": null,
"value": "12"
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[
{
"from": "human",
"tok_len": 2135,
"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nQuestion:\nhow many episodes are in true blood season 1\n\nDocument:\nTrue blood ( season 1 ) - wikipedia <H1> True blood ( season 1 ) </H1> Jump to : navigation , search <Table> <Tr> <Th_colspan=\"2\"> True Blood ( season 1 ) </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan=\"2\"> DVD cover art </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Country of origin </Th> <Td> United States </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> No. of episodes </Th> <Td> 12 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th_colspan=\"2\"> Release </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Original network </Th> <Td> HBO </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Original release </Th> <Td> September 7 ( 2008 - 09 - 07 ) -- November 23 , 2008 ( 2008 - 11 - 23 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th_colspan=\"2\"> Season chronology </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan=\"2\"> Next → Season 2 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan=\"2\"> List of True Blood episodes </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> The first season of the American television drama series True Blood premiered on September 7 , 2008 and concluded on November 23 , 2008 . It consists of 12 episodes , each running approximately 55 minutes in length and was , for the most part , based on the novel Dead Until Dark , the first entry in The Southern Vampire Mysteries by Charlaine Harris . The story takes place in the fictional town of Bon Temps , Louisiana , two years after vampires have made their presence known to mankind , and follows telepathic waitress Sookie Stackhouse as she attempts to solve a series of murders that seem to be motivated by a hatred of vampires . </P> <P> HBO broadcast the first season on Sunday nights at 9 : 00 pm in the United States , with a repeat showing at 11 : 00 pm . The complete first season was released on DVD and Blu - ray on May 19 , 2009 . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Plot </Li> <Li> 2 Episodes </Li> <Li> 3 Cast and characters <Ul> <Li> 3.1 Main cast </Li> <Li> 3.2 Guest cast </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 4 Production <Ul> <Li> 4.1 Crew </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 5 Reception </Li> <Li> 6 Awards & nominations </Li> <Li> 7 Ratings <Ul> <Li> 7.1 United Kingdom </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 8 Season 1 ending credits songs </Li> <Li> 9 References </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Plot ( edit ) </H2> <P> Sookie Stackhouse ( Anna Paquin ) is a waitress with telepathic abilities . Stephen Moyer plays her love interest , vampire Bill Compton . Sookie works for Sam Merlotte , played by Sam Trammell , owner of Merlotte 's bar and a shapeshifter who has a crush on Sookie . Rutina Wesley plays Sookie 's best friend Tara Thornton , begins bartending at Merlotte 's after quitting her job at the Super Save - A-Bunch . Also working at Merlotte 's are Tara 's cousin Lafayette Reynolds , played by Nelsan Ellis , a short order cook and hustler , and Arlene Fowler , played by Carrie Preston . Arlene is a thrice - divorced waitress with two children who , over the course of the season , becomes engaged to Rene Lenier , played by Michael Raymond - James , a Cajun labourer who works on a road crew . </P> <P> Ryan Kwanten plays Jason Stackhouse , Sookie 's brother , a labourer on a road crew and ladies ' man . Jason 's sexual relations begin to die , one after the other , and he is suspected of being a serial killer . Jim Parrack is Hoyt Fortenberry , Jason 's co-worker who admires Jason 's abilities with women . Lois Smith plays Adele Stackhouse , Jason and Sookie 's grandmother who has looked after them since the deaths of their parents . Lizzy Caplan plays Jason 's love interest Amy Burley , who begins a relationship with Jason because of a shared addiction to vampire blood , or `` V '' . They kidnap Eddie Gauthier , played by Stephen Root , to use his blood . </P> <P> In the vampire community Alexander Skarsgård plays Eric Northman , the Sheriff of Area 5 , which includes Bon Temps , and owner of the vampire bar Fangtasia . Working for Eric , both in the bar and under him as Sheriff , are Pam , played by Kristin Bauer , and Chow , played by Patrick Gallagher . The bartender Longshadow , played by Raoul Trujillo , is killed by Bill to protect Sookie . As punishment for killing a fellow vampire and to replenish the vampire ranks , Bill is taken to the Magister , played by Željko Ivanek , and forced to sire Jessica Hamby , played by Deborah Ann Woll . Jessica is cared for by Eric but when he grows tired of her he leaves her with Bill . </P> <P> In the middle of the season Tara 's mother , Lettie Mae , played by Adina Porter , undergoes an exorcism to rid herself of what she terms her `` demons '' - her addiction to alcohol . The exorcism is administered by `` Miss Jeanette '' an alias of Nancy LeGuare , played by Aisha Hinds . Following her exorcism Lettie Mae kicks Tara out . Following a crash and DUI , Tara is taken in by Maryann Forrester ( who initially presents herself to Tara as some kind of social worker ) , played by Michelle Forbes . While staying with Maryann , Tara meets `` Eggs '' Benedict Talley , played by Mehcad Brooks , to whom she feels a strong attraction . </P> <P> The central mystery of the season begins when Maudette Pickens , played by Danielle Sapia , is killed . William Sanderson plays Sheriff Dearborne , who places his only detective , Andy Bellefleur , played by Chris Bauer , in charge of finding the killer . Bellefleur suspects Jason Stackhouse , and that suspicion grows after the murder of Dawn Green , played by Lynn Collins . Andy 's cousin Terry , played by Todd Lowe , works as a cook at Merlotte 's . </P> <P> Other minor characters include Mack and Denise Rattray , played by James Jean Parks and Karina Logue . Bartlett Hale played by Cheyenne Wilbur , Sookie and Jason 's pedophile great - uncle . Coroner 's assistant Neil Jones played by Kevin Michael McHale , and vampires Malcolm , Liam and Diane played by Andrew Rothenberg , Graham Shiels and Aunjanue Ellis . </P> <P> The international conflict between vampires and humans is played out in the background , but two minor characters are introduced who become major characters in the second season . Michael McMillian plays Reverend Steve Newlin and Anna Camp plays his wife Sarah . They head the anti-vampire church the Fellowship of the Sun following the death of Steve 's father , who was supposedly killed by vampires . A representative of the Fellowship of the Sun approaches Jason Stackhouse while he is in jail in the final episode of the season . </P> <H2> Episodes ( edit ) </H2> See also : List of True Blood episodes <Table> <Tr> <Th> No . overall </Th> <Th> No. in season </Th> <Th> Title </Th> <Th> Directed by </Th> <Th> Written by </Th> <Th> Original air date </Th> <Th> U.S. viewers ( millions ) </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> </Th> <Td> </Td> <Td> `` Strange Love '' </Td> <Td> Alan Ball </Td> <Td> Alan Ball </Td> <Td> September 7 , 2008 ( 2008 - 09 - 07 ) </Td> <Td> 1.44 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_\n"
},
{
"from": "agent",
"tok_len": null,
"value": "12"
}
] |
[
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"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nDocument:\n( Star Sports Select HD1 ) Channel 301 ( Star Sports Select HD2 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Dish Home ( Nepal ) </Th> <Td> Channel 600 ( Star Sports 1 ) Channel 602 ( Star Sports 3 ) Channel 603 ( Star Sports 4 ) Channel 940 ( Star Sports HD1 ) Channel 941 ( Star Sports HD2 ) Channel 942 ( Star Sports HD3 ) Channel 943 ( Star Sports HD4 ) Channel 944 ( Star Sports Select HD1 ) Channel 945 ( Star Sports Select HD2 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th_colspan=\"2\"> Cable </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Teledasun ( LBN ) ( Sri Lanka ) </Th> <Td> Channel ? ? ? </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Southern Networks ( Pakistan ) </Th> <Td> Channel 34 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Hathway Digital Cable ( India ) </Th> <Td> Channel 367 ( Star Sports 1 ) Channel 368 ( Star Sports 2 ) Channel 369 ( Star Sports 3 ) Channel 370 ( Star Sports 4 ) Channel 567 ( Star Sports HD1 ) Channel 568 ( Star Sports HD2 ) Channel 569 ( Star Sports HD3 ) Channel 570 ( Star Sports HD4 ) Channel 544 ( Star Sports Select HD1 ) Channel 545 ( Star Sports Select HD2 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Asianet Digital TV ( India ) </Th> <Td> <P> Channel 301 ( Star Sports 1 ) Channel 302 ( Star Sports 2 ) Channel 310 ( Star Sports 1 Hindi ) Channel 311 ( Star Sports 1 Tamil ) Channel 809 ( Star Sports HD1 ) Channel 810 ( Star Sports HD2 ) Channel 811 ( Star Sports 1 Hindi HD ) Channel 303 ( Star Sports Select 1 ) Channel 304 ( Star Sports Select 2 ) Channel 813 ( Star Sports Select 1 HD ) Channel 814 ( Star Sports Select 2 HD ) </P> Channel 315 ( Star Sports First ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Medianet ( Maldives ) </Th> <Td> Channel 304 ( Star Sports 1 ) Channel 300 ( Star Sports 2 ) Channel 303 ( Star Sports 4 ) Channel 301 ( Star Sports Premier League ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th_colspan=\"2\"> IPTV </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> PTCL Smart TV ( Pakistan ) </Th> <Td> Channel 6 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> PEO TV ( Sri Lanka ) </Th> <Td> Channel 041 ( Star Sports 1 ) Channel 040 ( Star Sports 2 ) Channel 039 ( Star Sports Select 1 ) </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> Star Sports is a network of Indian sports channels owned by Star India , a subsidiary of 21st Century Fox . </P> <H2> Contents </H2> <Ul> <Li> 1 Channel Availability <Ul> <Li> 1.1 Standard Definition </Li> <Li> 1.2 High Definition </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 2 Events <Ul> <Li> 2.1 Cricket </Li> <Li> 2.2 Football </Li> <Li> 2.3 Hockey </Li> <Li> 2.4 Kabaddi </Li> <Li> 2.5 Motor Racing </Li> <Li> 2.6 Tennis </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 3 Table Tennis </Li> <Li> 4 Digital platform availability </Li> <Li> 5 See also </Li> <Li> 6 References </Li> <Li> 7 External links </Li> </Ul> <H2> Channel Availability ( edit ) </H2> <H3> Standard Definition ( edit ) </H3> <Table> <Tr> <Th> Channel Name </Th> <Th> Tata sky </Th> <Th> Airtel Digital </Th> <Th> Dish TV </Th> <Th> Videocon d2h </Th> <Th> Sun Direct </Th> <Th> Reliance Digital </Th> <Th> DD Free Dish </Th> <Th> Siti cable </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Star Sports 1 </Td> <Td> 455 </Td> <Td> 277 </Td> <Td> 603 </Td> <Td> 401 </Td> <Td> 500 </Td> <Td> 501 </Td> <Td> - </Td> <Td> 470 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Star Sports 2 </Td> <Td> 457 </Td> <Td> 279 </Td> <Td> 605 </Td> <Td> 403 </Td> <Td> 502 </Td> <Td> 502 </Td> <Td> - </Td> <Td> 471 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Star Sports 3 </Td> <Td> 458 </Td> <Td> 306 </Td> <Td> - </Td> <Td> - </Td> <Td> 518 </Td> <Td> - </Td> <Td> - </Td> <Td> - </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Star Sports Select 1 </Td> <Td> 464 </Td> <Td> 283 </Td> <Td> 623 </Td> <Td> 429 </Td> <Td> 514 </Td> <Td> 504 </Td> <Td> - </Td> <Td> 473 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Star Sports Select 2 </Td> <Td> 466 </Td> <Td> 284 </Td> <Td> 625 </Td> <Td> 430 </Td> <Td> - </Td> <Td> - </Td> <Td> - </Td> <Td> 479 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Star Sports Hindi 1 </Td> <Td> 460 </Td> <Td> 281 </Td> <Td> 607 </Td> <Td> 407 </Td> <Td> 503 </Td> <Td> 503 </Td> <Td> - </Td> <Td> 472 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Star Sports Tamil 1 </Td> <Td> 1516 </Td> <Td> 803 </Td> <Td> 1865 </Td> <Td> 521 </Td> <Td> 504 </Td> <Td> 515 </Td> <Td> - </Td> <Td> 485 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Star Sports First </Td> <Td> - </Td> <Td> 303 </Td> <Td> 2410 </Td> <Td> 431 </Td> <Td> - </Td> <Td> - </Td> <Td> 77 </Td> <Td> 480 </Td> </Tr> </Table> <H3> High Definition ( edit ) </H3> <Table> <Tr> <Th> Channel Name </Th> <Th> Tata sky </Th> <Th> Airtel Digital </Th> <Th> Dish TV </Th> <Th> Videocon d2h </Th> <Th> Sun Direct </Th> <Th> Reliance Digital </Th> <Th> DD Free Dish </Th> <Th> Siti Cable </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Star Sports 1 HD </Td> <Td> 454 </Td> <Td> 278 </Td> <Td> 602 </Td> <Td> 923 </Td> <Td> 984 </Td> <Td> 521 </Td> <Td> - </Td> <Td> 1133 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Star Sports 2 HD </Td> <Td> 456 </Td> <Td> 280 </Td> <Td> 604 </Td> <Td> 924 </Td> <Td> 986 </Td> <Td> 522 </Td> <Td> - </Td> <Td> 1134 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Star Sports Select 1 HD </Td> <Td> 463 </Td> <Td> 300 </Td> <Td> 645 </Td> <Td> 929 </Td> <Td> 987 </Td> <Td> 525 </Td> <Td> - </Td> <Td> 1137 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Star Sports Select 2 HD </Td> <Td> 465 </Td> <Td> 301 </Td> <Td> 646 </Td> <Td> 930 </\n\nQuestion:\nairtel digital tv star sports 1 channel number\n"
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"value": "Channel 600"
}
] |
[
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"from": "human",
"tok_len": 2537,
"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nQuestion:\nairtel digital tv star sports 1 channel number\n\nDocument:\n( Star Sports Select HD1 ) Channel 301 ( Star Sports Select HD2 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Dish Home ( Nepal ) </Th> <Td> Channel 600 ( Star Sports 1 ) Channel 602 ( Star Sports 3 ) Channel 603 ( Star Sports 4 ) Channel 940 ( Star Sports HD1 ) Channel 941 ( Star Sports HD2 ) Channel 942 ( Star Sports HD3 ) Channel 943 ( Star Sports HD4 ) Channel 944 ( Star Sports Select HD1 ) Channel 945 ( Star Sports Select HD2 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th_colspan=\"2\"> Cable </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Teledasun ( LBN ) ( Sri Lanka ) </Th> <Td> Channel ? ? ? </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Southern Networks ( Pakistan ) </Th> <Td> Channel 34 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Hathway Digital Cable ( India ) </Th> <Td> Channel 367 ( Star Sports 1 ) Channel 368 ( Star Sports 2 ) Channel 369 ( Star Sports 3 ) Channel 370 ( Star Sports 4 ) Channel 567 ( Star Sports HD1 ) Channel 568 ( Star Sports HD2 ) Channel 569 ( Star Sports HD3 ) Channel 570 ( Star Sports HD4 ) Channel 544 ( Star Sports Select HD1 ) Channel 545 ( Star Sports Select HD2 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Asianet Digital TV ( India ) </Th> <Td> <P> Channel 301 ( Star Sports 1 ) Channel 302 ( Star Sports 2 ) Channel 310 ( Star Sports 1 Hindi ) Channel 311 ( Star Sports 1 Tamil ) Channel 809 ( Star Sports HD1 ) Channel 810 ( Star Sports HD2 ) Channel 811 ( Star Sports 1 Hindi HD ) Channel 303 ( Star Sports Select 1 ) Channel 304 ( Star Sports Select 2 ) Channel 813 ( Star Sports Select 1 HD ) Channel 814 ( Star Sports Select 2 HD ) </P> Channel 315 ( Star Sports First ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Medianet ( Maldives ) </Th> <Td> Channel 304 ( Star Sports 1 ) Channel 300 ( Star Sports 2 ) Channel 303 ( Star Sports 4 ) Channel 301 ( Star Sports Premier League ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th_colspan=\"2\"> IPTV </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> PTCL Smart TV ( Pakistan ) </Th> <Td> Channel 6 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> PEO TV ( Sri Lanka ) </Th> <Td> Channel 041 ( Star Sports 1 ) Channel 040 ( Star Sports 2 ) Channel 039 ( Star Sports Select 1 ) </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> Star Sports is a network of Indian sports channels owned by Star India , a subsidiary of 21st Century Fox . </P> <H2> Contents </H2> <Ul> <Li> 1 Channel Availability <Ul> <Li> 1.1 Standard Definition </Li> <Li> 1.2 High Definition </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 2 Events <Ul> <Li> 2.1 Cricket </Li> <Li> 2.2 Football </Li> <Li> 2.3 Hockey </Li> <Li> 2.4 Kabaddi </Li> <Li> 2.5 Motor Racing </Li> <Li> 2.6 Tennis </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 3 Table Tennis </Li> <Li> 4 Digital platform availability </Li> <Li> 5 See also </Li> <Li> 6 References </Li> <Li> 7 External links </Li> </Ul> <H2> Channel Availability ( edit ) </H2> <H3> Standard Definition ( edit ) </H3> <Table> <Tr> <Th> Channel Name </Th> <Th> Tata sky </Th> <Th> Airtel Digital </Th> <Th> Dish TV </Th> <Th> Videocon d2h </Th> <Th> Sun Direct </Th> <Th> Reliance Digital </Th> <Th> DD Free Dish </Th> <Th> Siti cable </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Star Sports 1 </Td> <Td> 455 </Td> <Td> 277 </Td> <Td> 603 </Td> <Td> 401 </Td> <Td> 500 </Td> <Td> 501 </Td> <Td> - </Td> <Td> 470 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Star Sports 2 </Td> <Td> 457 </Td> <Td> 279 </Td> <Td> 605 </Td> <Td> 403 </Td> <Td> 502 </Td> <Td> 502 </Td> <Td> - </Td> <Td> 471 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Star Sports 3 </Td> <Td> 458 </Td> <Td> 306 </Td> <Td> - </Td> <Td> - </Td> <Td> 518 </Td> <Td> - </Td> <Td> - </Td> <Td> - </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Star Sports Select 1 </Td> <Td> 464 </Td> <Td> 283 </Td> <Td> 623 </Td> <Td> 429 </Td> <Td> 514 </Td> <Td> 504 </Td> <Td> - </Td> <Td> 473 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Star Sports Select 2 </Td> <Td> 466 </Td> <Td> 284 </Td> <Td> 625 </Td> <Td> 430 </Td> <Td> - </Td> <Td> - </Td> <Td> - </Td> <Td> 479 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Star Sports Hindi 1 </Td> <Td> 460 </Td> <Td> 281 </Td> <Td> 607 </Td> <Td> 407 </Td> <Td> 503 </Td> <Td> 503 </Td> <Td> - </Td> <Td> 472 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Star Sports Tamil 1 </Td> <Td> 1516 </Td> <Td> 803 </Td> <Td> 1865 </Td> <Td> 521 </Td> <Td> 504 </Td> <Td> 515 </Td> <Td> - </Td> <Td> 485 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Star Sports First </Td> <Td> - </Td> <Td> 303 </Td> <Td> 2410 </Td> <Td> 431 </Td> <Td> - </Td> <Td> - </Td> <Td> 77 </Td> <Td> 480 </Td> </Tr> </Table> <H3> High Definition ( edit ) </H3> <Table> <Tr> <Th> Channel Name </Th> <Th> Tata sky </Th> <Th> Airtel Digital </Th> <Th> Dish TV </Th> <Th> Videocon d2h </Th> <Th> Sun Direct </Th> <Th> Reliance Digital </Th> <Th> DD Free Dish </Th> <Th> Siti Cable </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Star Sports 1 HD </Td> <Td> 454 </Td> <Td> 278 </Td> <Td> 602 </Td> <Td> 923 </Td> <Td> 984 </Td> <Td> 521 </Td> <Td> - </Td> <Td> 1133 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Star Sports 2 HD </Td> <Td> 456 </Td> <Td> 280 </Td> <Td> 604 </Td> <Td> 924 </Td> <Td> 986 </Td> <Td> 522 </Td> <Td> - </Td> <Td> 1134 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Star Sports Select 1 HD </Td> <Td> 463 </Td> <Td> 300 </Td> <Td> 645 </Td> <Td> 929 </Td> <Td> 987 </Td> <Td> 525 </Td> <Td> - </Td> <Td> 1137 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Star Sports Select 2 HD </Td> <Td> 465 </Td> <Td> 301 </Td> <Td> 646 </Td> <Td> 930 </\n"
},
{
"from": "agent",
"tok_len": null,
"value": "Channel 600"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"tok_len": 1926,
"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nDocument:\n11 - 5 November 2013 ) Star Sports Hindi 1 : Star Sports 3 ( 5 November 2013 - 28 May 2017 ) Star Sports Tamil 1 : Star Sports 4 ( 5 November 2013 - 28 May 2017 ) Star Sports 3 : Channel V India ( 23 May 1994 - 15 September 2018 ) </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Website </Th> <Td> www.hotstar.com tvguide.starsports.com </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th_colspan=\"2\"> Availability </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th_colspan=\"2\"> Terrestrial </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> TV Lanka Digital TV ( Sri Lanka ) </Th> <Td> Channel 37 ( Star Sports 1 HD ) Channel 38 ( Star Sports 2 HD ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th_colspan=\"2\"> Satellite </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Videocon d2h ( India ) </Th> <Td> Channel 999 ( Star Sports 4K ) Channel 401 ( Star Sports 1 ) Channel 923 ( Star Sports HD 1 ) Channel 403 ( Star Sports 2 ) Channel 924 ( Star Sports HD 2 ) Channel 405 ( Star Sports Hindi 1 ) Channel 925 ( Star Sports Hindi 1 HD ) Channel 409 ( Star Sports Tamil 1 ) Channel 926 ( Star Sports HD 4 ) Channel 929 ( Star Sports Select HD 1 ) Channel 930 ( Star Sports Select HD 2 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Dish TV ( India ) </Th> <Td> Channel 607 ( Star Sports Hindi 1 ) Channel 603 ( Star Sports 1 ) Channel 605 ( Star Sports 2 ) Channel 602 ( Star Sports HD1 ) Channel 604 ( Star Sports HD2 ) Channel 606 ( Star Sports Hindi HD1 ) Channel 645 ( Star Sports Select HD1 ) Channel 646 ( Star Sports Select HD2 ) Channel 2410 ( Star Sports First ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Dialog TV ( Sri Lanka ) </Th> <Td> Channel 73 ( Star Sports 1 ) Channel 74 ( Star Sports 2 ) Channel 75 ( Star Sports select 1 ) Channel 119 ( Star Sports HD1 ) Channel 120 ( Star Sports HD4 ) Channel 123 ( Star Sports Select HD1 ) Channel 122 ( Star Sports Select HD2 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Tata Sky ( India ) </Th> <Td> Channel 455 ( Star Sports 1 ) Channel 457 ( Star Sports 2 ) Channel 460 ( Star Sports Hindi 1 ) Channel 1516 ( Star Sports Tamil 1 ) Channel 454 ( Star Sports HD1 ) Channel 456 ( Star Sports HD2 ) Channel 459 ( Star Sports Hindi HD1 ) Channel 463 ( Star Sports Select HD 1 ) Channel 464 ( Star Sports Add Select HD 2 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Reliance Digital TV ( India ) </Th> <Td> Channel 504 ( Star Sports 4 ) Channel 503 ( Star Sports 3 ) Channel 502 ( Star Sports 2 ) Channel 501 ( Star Sports 1 ) Channel 521 ( Star Sports HD1 ) Channel 522 ( Star Sports HD2 ) Channel 525 ( Star Sports Select HD 1 ) Channel 526 ( Star Sports Select HD2 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> DD Free Dish ( India ) </Th> <Td> Channel 077 ( Star Sports First ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> UCS ( Bangladesh ) </Th> <Td> Channel 3 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> SITI Digital Network ( India ) </Th> <Td> Channel 473 ( Star Sports 1 ) Channel 474 ( Star Sports 2 ) Channel 475 ( Star Sports 1 Hindi ) Channel 476 ( Star Sports Select 1 ) Channel 485 ( Star Sports Select 2 ) Channel 973 ( Star Sports HD1 ) Channel 974 ( Star Sports HD2 ) Channel 975 ( Star Sports Hindi HD1 ) Channel 978 ( Star Sports Select HD1 ) Channel 979 ( Star Sports Select HD2 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Sun Direct TV ( India ) </Th> <Td> Channel 504 ( Star Sports 1 Tamil ) Channel 503 ( Star Sports 1 Hindi ) Channel 500 ( Star Sports 1 ) Channel 502 ( Star SStarts 2 ) Channel 972 ( Star Sports HD1 ) Channel 974 ( Star Sports HD2 ) Channel 987 ( Star Sports Select HD1 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Airtel Digital TV ( India ) </Th> <Td> Channel 277 ( Star Sports 1 ) Channel 278 ( Star Sports HD1 ) Channel 279 ( Star Sports 2 ) Channel 280 ( Star Sports HD2 ) Channel 281 ( Star Sports 1 Hindi ) Channel 281 ( Star Sports 1 Hindi HD ) Channel 282 ( Star Sports select 1 ) Channel 803 ( Star Sports 1 Tamil ) Channel 300 ( Star Sports Select HD1 ) Channel 301 ( Star Sports Select HD2 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Dish Home ( Nepal ) </Th> <Td> Channel 600 ( Star Sports 1 ) Channel 602 ( Star Sports 3 ) Channel 603 ( Star Sports 4 ) Channel 940 ( Star Sports HD1 ) Channel 941 ( Star Sports HD2 ) Channel 942 ( Star Sports HD3 ) Channel 943 ( Star Sports HD4 ) Channel 944 ( Star Sports Select HD1 ) Channel 945 ( Star Sports Select HD2 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th_colspan=\"2\"> Cable </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Teledasun ( LBN ) ( Sri Lanka ) </Th> <Td> Channel ? ? ? </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Southern Networks ( Pakistan ) </Th> <Td> Channel 34 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Hathway Digital Cable ( India ) </Th> <Td> Channel 367 ( Star Sports 1 ) Channel 368 ( Star Sports 2 ) Channel 369 ( Star Sports 3 ) Channel 370 ( Star Sports 4 ) Channel 567 ( Star Sports HD1 ) Channel 568 ( Star Sports HD2 ) Channel 569 ( Star Sports HD3 ) Channel 570 ( Star Sports HD4 ) Channel 544 ( Star Sports Select HD1 ) Channel 545 ( Star Sports Select HD2 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Asianet Digital TV ( India ) </Th> <Td> <P> Channel 301 ( Star Sports 1 ) Channel 302 ( Star Sports 2 ) Channel 310 ( Star Sports 1 Hindi ) Channel 311 ( Star Sports 1 Tamil ) Channel 809 ( Star Sports HD1 ) Channel 810 ( Star Sports HD2 ) Channel 811 ( Star Sports 1 Hindi HD ) Channel 303 ( Star Sports Select 1 ) Channel 304 ( Star Spor\n\nQuestion:\nairtel digital tv star sports 1 channel number\n"
},
{
"from": "agent",
"tok_len": null,
"value": "Channel 600"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"tok_len": 1926,
"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nQuestion:\nairtel digital tv star sports 1 channel number\n\nDocument:\n11 - 5 November 2013 ) Star Sports Hindi 1 : Star Sports 3 ( 5 November 2013 - 28 May 2017 ) Star Sports Tamil 1 : Star Sports 4 ( 5 November 2013 - 28 May 2017 ) Star Sports 3 : Channel V India ( 23 May 1994 - 15 September 2018 ) </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Website </Th> <Td> www.hotstar.com tvguide.starsports.com </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th_colspan=\"2\"> Availability </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th_colspan=\"2\"> Terrestrial </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> TV Lanka Digital TV ( Sri Lanka ) </Th> <Td> Channel 37 ( Star Sports 1 HD ) Channel 38 ( Star Sports 2 HD ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th_colspan=\"2\"> Satellite </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Videocon d2h ( India ) </Th> <Td> Channel 999 ( Star Sports 4K ) Channel 401 ( Star Sports 1 ) Channel 923 ( Star Sports HD 1 ) Channel 403 ( Star Sports 2 ) Channel 924 ( Star Sports HD 2 ) Channel 405 ( Star Sports Hindi 1 ) Channel 925 ( Star Sports Hindi 1 HD ) Channel 409 ( Star Sports Tamil 1 ) Channel 926 ( Star Sports HD 4 ) Channel 929 ( Star Sports Select HD 1 ) Channel 930 ( Star Sports Select HD 2 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Dish TV ( India ) </Th> <Td> Channel 607 ( Star Sports Hindi 1 ) Channel 603 ( Star Sports 1 ) Channel 605 ( Star Sports 2 ) Channel 602 ( Star Sports HD1 ) Channel 604 ( Star Sports HD2 ) Channel 606 ( Star Sports Hindi HD1 ) Channel 645 ( Star Sports Select HD1 ) Channel 646 ( Star Sports Select HD2 ) Channel 2410 ( Star Sports First ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Dialog TV ( Sri Lanka ) </Th> <Td> Channel 73 ( Star Sports 1 ) Channel 74 ( Star Sports 2 ) Channel 75 ( Star Sports select 1 ) Channel 119 ( Star Sports HD1 ) Channel 120 ( Star Sports HD4 ) Channel 123 ( Star Sports Select HD1 ) Channel 122 ( Star Sports Select HD2 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Tata Sky ( India ) </Th> <Td> Channel 455 ( Star Sports 1 ) Channel 457 ( Star Sports 2 ) Channel 460 ( Star Sports Hindi 1 ) Channel 1516 ( Star Sports Tamil 1 ) Channel 454 ( Star Sports HD1 ) Channel 456 ( Star Sports HD2 ) Channel 459 ( Star Sports Hindi HD1 ) Channel 463 ( Star Sports Select HD 1 ) Channel 464 ( Star Sports Add Select HD 2 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Reliance Digital TV ( India ) </Th> <Td> Channel 504 ( Star Sports 4 ) Channel 503 ( Star Sports 3 ) Channel 502 ( Star Sports 2 ) Channel 501 ( Star Sports 1 ) Channel 521 ( Star Sports HD1 ) Channel 522 ( Star Sports HD2 ) Channel 525 ( Star Sports Select HD 1 ) Channel 526 ( Star Sports Select HD2 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> DD Free Dish ( India ) </Th> <Td> Channel 077 ( Star Sports First ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> UCS ( Bangladesh ) </Th> <Td> Channel 3 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> SITI Digital Network ( India ) </Th> <Td> Channel 473 ( Star Sports 1 ) Channel 474 ( Star Sports 2 ) Channel 475 ( Star Sports 1 Hindi ) Channel 476 ( Star Sports Select 1 ) Channel 485 ( Star Sports Select 2 ) Channel 973 ( Star Sports HD1 ) Channel 974 ( Star Sports HD2 ) Channel 975 ( Star Sports Hindi HD1 ) Channel 978 ( Star Sports Select HD1 ) Channel 979 ( Star Sports Select HD2 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Sun Direct TV ( India ) </Th> <Td> Channel 504 ( Star Sports 1 Tamil ) Channel 503 ( Star Sports 1 Hindi ) Channel 500 ( Star Sports 1 ) Channel 502 ( Star SStarts 2 ) Channel 972 ( Star Sports HD1 ) Channel 974 ( Star Sports HD2 ) Channel 987 ( Star Sports Select HD1 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Airtel Digital TV ( India ) </Th> <Td> Channel 277 ( Star Sports 1 ) Channel 278 ( Star Sports HD1 ) Channel 279 ( Star Sports 2 ) Channel 280 ( Star Sports HD2 ) Channel 281 ( Star Sports 1 Hindi ) Channel 281 ( Star Sports 1 Hindi HD ) Channel 282 ( Star Sports select 1 ) Channel 803 ( Star Sports 1 Tamil ) Channel 300 ( Star Sports Select HD1 ) Channel 301 ( Star Sports Select HD2 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Dish Home ( Nepal ) </Th> <Td> Channel 600 ( Star Sports 1 ) Channel 602 ( Star Sports 3 ) Channel 603 ( Star Sports 4 ) Channel 940 ( Star Sports HD1 ) Channel 941 ( Star Sports HD2 ) Channel 942 ( Star Sports HD3 ) Channel 943 ( Star Sports HD4 ) Channel 944 ( Star Sports Select HD1 ) Channel 945 ( Star Sports Select HD2 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th_colspan=\"2\"> Cable </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Teledasun ( LBN ) ( Sri Lanka ) </Th> <Td> Channel ? ? ? </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Southern Networks ( Pakistan ) </Th> <Td> Channel 34 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Hathway Digital Cable ( India ) </Th> <Td> Channel 367 ( Star Sports 1 ) Channel 368 ( Star Sports 2 ) Channel 369 ( Star Sports 3 ) Channel 370 ( Star Sports 4 ) Channel 567 ( Star Sports HD1 ) Channel 568 ( Star Sports HD2 ) Channel 569 ( Star Sports HD3 ) Channel 570 ( Star Sports HD4 ) Channel 544 ( Star Sports Select HD1 ) Channel 545 ( Star Sports Select HD2 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Asianet Digital TV ( India ) </Th> <Td> <P> Channel 301 ( Star Sports 1 ) Channel 302 ( Star Sports 2 ) Channel 310 ( Star Sports 1 Hindi ) Channel 311 ( Star Sports 1 Tamil ) Channel 809 ( Star Sports HD1 ) Channel 810 ( Star Sports HD2 ) Channel 811 ( Star Sports 1 Hindi HD ) Channel 303 ( Star Sports Select 1 ) Channel 304 ( Star Spor\n"
},
{
"from": "agent",
"tok_len": null,
"value": "Channel 600"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"tok_len": 1976,
"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nDocument:\n </Th> <Td> India </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Language </Th> <Td> Hindi English Tamil </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Broadcast area </Th> <Td> India , Pakistan , Bhutan , Maldives , Nepal , Afghanistan , Bangladesh , Sri Lanka and Worldwide </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Headquarters </Th> <Td> Star House , Urmi Estate , 95 Ganpatrao Kadam Marg , Lower Parel ( West ) , Mumbai - 400 013 , India </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Formerly called </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Star Sports 1 : STAR Sports ( 21 January 1993 - 5 November 2013 ) </Li> <Li> Star Sports Select 1 and 2 : Star Sports Select HD1 and HD2 ( 10 August 2016 - 28 May 2017 ) </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Replaced </Th> <Td> List ( show ) <Ul> <Li> Prime Sports ( 21 August 1991 -- 21 August 1993 ) Star Sports 3 : STAR Cricket ( 2007 - 5 November 2013 ) Star Sports 4 : ESPN ( 1995 - 5 November 2013 ) Star Sports HD1 : STAR Cricket HD ( 21 July 2011 - 5 November 2013 ) Star Sports HD2 : ESPN HD ( 21 July 2011 - 5 November 2013 ) Star Sports Hindi 1 : Star Sports 3 ( 5 November 2013 - 28 May 2017 ) Star Sports Tamil 1 : Star Sports 4 ( 5 November 2013 - 28 May 2017 ) Star Sports 3 : Channel V India ( 23 May 1994 - 15 September 2018 ) </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Website </Th> <Td> www.hotstar.com tvguide.starsports.com </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th_colspan=\"2\"> Availability </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th_colspan=\"2\"> Terrestrial </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> TV Lanka Digital TV ( Sri Lanka ) </Th> <Td> Channel 37 ( Star Sports 1 HD ) Channel 38 ( Star Sports 2 HD ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th_colspan=\"2\"> Satellite </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Videocon d2h ( India ) </Th> <Td> Channel 999 ( Star Sports 4K ) Channel 401 ( Star Sports 1 ) Channel 923 ( Star Sports HD 1 ) Channel 403 ( Star Sports 2 ) Channel 924 ( Star Sports HD 2 ) Channel 405 ( Star Sports Hindi 1 ) Channel 925 ( Star Sports Hindi 1 HD ) Channel 409 ( Star Sports Tamil 1 ) Channel 926 ( Star Sports HD 4 ) Channel 929 ( Star Sports Select HD 1 ) Channel 930 ( Star Sports Select HD 2 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Dish TV ( India ) </Th> <Td> Channel 607 ( Star Sports Hindi 1 ) Channel 603 ( Star Sports 1 ) Channel 605 ( Star Sports 2 ) Channel 602 ( Star Sports HD1 ) Channel 604 ( Star Sports HD2 ) Channel 606 ( Star Sports Hindi HD1 ) Channel 645 ( Star Sports Select HD1 ) Channel 646 ( Star Sports Select HD2 ) Channel 2410 ( Star Sports First ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Dialog TV ( Sri Lanka ) </Th> <Td> Channel 73 ( Star Sports 1 ) Channel 74 ( Star Sports 2 ) Channel 75 ( Star Sports select 1 ) Channel 119 ( Star Sports HD1 ) Channel 120 ( Star Sports HD4 ) Channel 123 ( Star Sports Select HD1 ) Channel 122 ( Star Sports Select HD2 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Tata Sky ( India ) </Th> <Td> Channel 455 ( Star Sports 1 ) Channel 457 ( Star Sports 2 ) Channel 460 ( Star Sports Hindi 1 ) Channel 1516 ( Star Sports Tamil 1 ) Channel 454 ( Star Sports HD1 ) Channel 456 ( Star Sports HD2 ) Channel 459 ( Star Sports Hindi HD1 ) Channel 463 ( Star Sports Select HD 1 ) Channel 464 ( Star Sports Add Select HD 2 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Reliance Digital TV ( India ) </Th> <Td> Channel 504 ( Star Sports 4 ) Channel 503 ( Star Sports 3 ) Channel 502 ( Star Sports 2 ) Channel 501 ( Star Sports 1 ) Channel 521 ( Star Sports HD1 ) Channel 522 ( Star Sports HD2 ) Channel 525 ( Star Sports Select HD 1 ) Channel 526 ( Star Sports Select HD2 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> DD Free Dish ( India ) </Th> <Td> Channel 077 ( Star Sports First ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> UCS ( Bangladesh ) </Th> <Td> Channel 3 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> SITI Digital Network ( India ) </Th> <Td> Channel 473 ( Star Sports 1 ) Channel 474 ( Star Sports 2 ) Channel 475 ( Star Sports 1 Hindi ) Channel 476 ( Star Sports Select 1 ) Channel 485 ( Star Sports Select 2 ) Channel 973 ( Star Sports HD1 ) Channel 974 ( Star Sports HD2 ) Channel 975 ( Star Sports Hindi HD1 ) Channel 978 ( Star Sports Select HD1 ) Channel 979 ( Star Sports Select HD2 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Sun Direct TV ( India ) </Th> <Td> Channel 504 ( Star Sports 1 Tamil ) Channel 503 ( Star Sports 1 Hindi ) Channel 500 ( Star Sports 1 ) Channel 502 ( Star SStarts 2 ) Channel 972 ( Star Sports HD1 ) Channel 974 ( Star Sports HD2 ) Channel 987 ( Star Sports Select HD1 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Airtel Digital TV ( India ) </Th> <Td> Channel 277 ( Star Sports 1 ) Channel 278 ( Star Sports HD1 ) Channel 279 ( Star Sports 2 ) Channel 280 ( Star Sports HD2 ) Channel 281 ( Star Sports 1 Hindi ) Channel 281 ( Star Sports 1 Hindi HD ) Channel 282 ( Star Sports select 1 ) Channel 803 ( Star Sports 1 Tamil ) Channel 300 ( Star Sports Select HD1 ) Channel 301 ( Star Sports Select HD2 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Dish Home ( Nepal ) </Th> <Td> Channel 600 ( Star Sports 1 ) Channel 602 ( Star Sports 3 ) Channel 603 ( Star Sports 4 ) Channel 940 ( Star Sports HD1 ) Channel 941 ( Star Sports HD2 ) Channel 942 ( Star Sports HD3 ) Channel 943 ( Star Sports HD4 ) Channel 944 ( Star Sports Select HD1 ) Channel 945 ( Star Sports Select HD2 ) </Td>\n\nQuestion:\nairtel digital tv star sports 1 channel number\n"
},
{
"from": "agent",
"tok_len": null,
"value": "Channel 600"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"tok_len": 1976,
"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nQuestion:\nairtel digital tv star sports 1 channel number\n\nDocument:\n </Th> <Td> India </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Language </Th> <Td> Hindi English Tamil </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Broadcast area </Th> <Td> India , Pakistan , Bhutan , Maldives , Nepal , Afghanistan , Bangladesh , Sri Lanka and Worldwide </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Headquarters </Th> <Td> Star House , Urmi Estate , 95 Ganpatrao Kadam Marg , Lower Parel ( West ) , Mumbai - 400 013 , India </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Formerly called </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Star Sports 1 : STAR Sports ( 21 January 1993 - 5 November 2013 ) </Li> <Li> Star Sports Select 1 and 2 : Star Sports Select HD1 and HD2 ( 10 August 2016 - 28 May 2017 ) </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Replaced </Th> <Td> List ( show ) <Ul> <Li> Prime Sports ( 21 August 1991 -- 21 August 1993 ) Star Sports 3 : STAR Cricket ( 2007 - 5 November 2013 ) Star Sports 4 : ESPN ( 1995 - 5 November 2013 ) Star Sports HD1 : STAR Cricket HD ( 21 July 2011 - 5 November 2013 ) Star Sports HD2 : ESPN HD ( 21 July 2011 - 5 November 2013 ) Star Sports Hindi 1 : Star Sports 3 ( 5 November 2013 - 28 May 2017 ) Star Sports Tamil 1 : Star Sports 4 ( 5 November 2013 - 28 May 2017 ) Star Sports 3 : Channel V India ( 23 May 1994 - 15 September 2018 ) </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Website </Th> <Td> www.hotstar.com tvguide.starsports.com </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th_colspan=\"2\"> Availability </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th_colspan=\"2\"> Terrestrial </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> TV Lanka Digital TV ( Sri Lanka ) </Th> <Td> Channel 37 ( Star Sports 1 HD ) Channel 38 ( Star Sports 2 HD ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th_colspan=\"2\"> Satellite </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Videocon d2h ( India ) </Th> <Td> Channel 999 ( Star Sports 4K ) Channel 401 ( Star Sports 1 ) Channel 923 ( Star Sports HD 1 ) Channel 403 ( Star Sports 2 ) Channel 924 ( Star Sports HD 2 ) Channel 405 ( Star Sports Hindi 1 ) Channel 925 ( Star Sports Hindi 1 HD ) Channel 409 ( Star Sports Tamil 1 ) Channel 926 ( Star Sports HD 4 ) Channel 929 ( Star Sports Select HD 1 ) Channel 930 ( Star Sports Select HD 2 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Dish TV ( India ) </Th> <Td> Channel 607 ( Star Sports Hindi 1 ) Channel 603 ( Star Sports 1 ) Channel 605 ( Star Sports 2 ) Channel 602 ( Star Sports HD1 ) Channel 604 ( Star Sports HD2 ) Channel 606 ( Star Sports Hindi HD1 ) Channel 645 ( Star Sports Select HD1 ) Channel 646 ( Star Sports Select HD2 ) Channel 2410 ( Star Sports First ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Dialog TV ( Sri Lanka ) </Th> <Td> Channel 73 ( Star Sports 1 ) Channel 74 ( Star Sports 2 ) Channel 75 ( Star Sports select 1 ) Channel 119 ( Star Sports HD1 ) Channel 120 ( Star Sports HD4 ) Channel 123 ( Star Sports Select HD1 ) Channel 122 ( Star Sports Select HD2 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Tata Sky ( India ) </Th> <Td> Channel 455 ( Star Sports 1 ) Channel 457 ( Star Sports 2 ) Channel 460 ( Star Sports Hindi 1 ) Channel 1516 ( Star Sports Tamil 1 ) Channel 454 ( Star Sports HD1 ) Channel 456 ( Star Sports HD2 ) Channel 459 ( Star Sports Hindi HD1 ) Channel 463 ( Star Sports Select HD 1 ) Channel 464 ( Star Sports Add Select HD 2 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Reliance Digital TV ( India ) </Th> <Td> Channel 504 ( Star Sports 4 ) Channel 503 ( Star Sports 3 ) Channel 502 ( Star Sports 2 ) Channel 501 ( Star Sports 1 ) Channel 521 ( Star Sports HD1 ) Channel 522 ( Star Sports HD2 ) Channel 525 ( Star Sports Select HD 1 ) Channel 526 ( Star Sports Select HD2 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> DD Free Dish ( India ) </Th> <Td> Channel 077 ( Star Sports First ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> UCS ( Bangladesh ) </Th> <Td> Channel 3 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> SITI Digital Network ( India ) </Th> <Td> Channel 473 ( Star Sports 1 ) Channel 474 ( Star Sports 2 ) Channel 475 ( Star Sports 1 Hindi ) Channel 476 ( Star Sports Select 1 ) Channel 485 ( Star Sports Select 2 ) Channel 973 ( Star Sports HD1 ) Channel 974 ( Star Sports HD2 ) Channel 975 ( Star Sports Hindi HD1 ) Channel 978 ( Star Sports Select HD1 ) Channel 979 ( Star Sports Select HD2 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Sun Direct TV ( India ) </Th> <Td> Channel 504 ( Star Sports 1 Tamil ) Channel 503 ( Star Sports 1 Hindi ) Channel 500 ( Star Sports 1 ) Channel 502 ( Star SStarts 2 ) Channel 972 ( Star Sports HD1 ) Channel 974 ( Star Sports HD2 ) Channel 987 ( Star Sports Select HD1 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Airtel Digital TV ( India ) </Th> <Td> Channel 277 ( Star Sports 1 ) Channel 278 ( Star Sports HD1 ) Channel 279 ( Star Sports 2 ) Channel 280 ( Star Sports HD2 ) Channel 281 ( Star Sports 1 Hindi ) Channel 281 ( Star Sports 1 Hindi HD ) Channel 282 ( Star Sports select 1 ) Channel 803 ( Star Sports 1 Tamil ) Channel 300 ( Star Sports Select HD1 ) Channel 301 ( Star Sports Select HD2 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Dish Home ( Nepal ) </Th> <Td> Channel 600 ( Star Sports 1 ) Channel 602 ( Star Sports 3 ) Channel 603 ( Star Sports 4 ) Channel 940 ( Star Sports HD1 ) Channel 941 ( Star Sports HD2 ) Channel 942 ( Star Sports HD3 ) Channel 943 ( Star Sports HD4 ) Channel 944 ( Star Sports Select HD1 ) Channel 945 ( Star Sports Select HD2 ) </Td>\n"
},
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"tok_len": null,
"value": "Channel 600"
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] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"tok_len": 1798,
"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nDocument:\n <Th> Thickness </Th> <Td> 2,000 -- 3,000 m ( 6,600 -- 9,800 ft ) </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> The Greenland ice sheet ( Danish : Grønlands indlandsis , Greenlandic : Sermersuaq ) is a vast body of ice covering 1,710,000 square kilometres ( 660,000 sq mi ) , roughly 80 % of the surface of Greenland . </P> <P> It is the second largest ice body in the world , after the Antarctic ice sheet . The ice sheet is almost 2,400 kilometres ( 1,500 mi ) long in a north - south direction , and its greatest width is 1,100 kilometres ( 680 mi ) at a latitude of 77 ° N , near its northern margin . The mean altitude of the ice is 2,135 metres ( 7,005 ft ) . The thickness is generally more than 2 km ( 1.2 mi ) and over 3 km ( 1.9 mi ) at its thickest point . It is not the only ice mass of Greenland -- isolated glaciers and small ice caps cover between 76,000 and 100,000 square kilometres ( 29,000 and 39,000 sq mi ) around the periphery . If the entire 2,850,000 cubic kilometres ( 684,000 cu mi ) of ice were to melt , it would lead to a global sea level rise of 7.2 m ( 24 ft ) . The Greenland Ice Sheet is sometimes referred to under the term inland ice , or its Danish equivalent , indlandsis . It is also sometimes referred to as an ice cap . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 General </Li> <Li> 2 The ice sheet as a record of past climates </Li> <Li> 3 The melting ice sheet <Ul> <Li> 3.1 Recent developments </Li> <Li> 3.2 Recent ice loss events </Li> <Li> 3.3 Media </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 4 Ice sheet acceleration </Li> <Li> 5 Increased precipitation </Li> <Li> 6 Rate of change </Li> <Li> 7 See also </Li> <Li> 8 Notes </Li> <Li> 9 References </Li> <Li> 10 External links </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> General ( edit ) </H2> <P> The presence of ice - rafted sediments in deep - sea cores recovered from northeast Greenland , in the Fram Strait , and south of Greenland indicated the more or less continuous presence of either an ice sheet or ice sheets covering significant parts of Greenland for the last 18 million years . From about 11 million years ago to 10 million years ago , the Greenland Ice Sheet was greatly reduced in size . The Greenland Ice Sheet formed in the middle Miocene by coalescence of ice caps and glaciers . There was an intensification of glaciation during the Late Pliocene . Ice sheet formation occurred in connection to uplift of the West Greenland and East Greenland uplands . The Western and Eastern Greenland mountains constitute passive continental margins that were uplifted in two phases , 10 and 5 million years ago , in the Miocene epoch . Computer modelling shows that the uplift would have enabled glaciation by producing increased orographic precipitation and cooling the surface temperatures . The oldest known ice in the current ice sheet is as old as 1,000,000 years old . </P> <P> The weight of the ice has depressed the central area of Greenland ; the bedrock surface is near sea level over most of the interior of Greenland , but mountains occur around the periphery , confining the sheet along its margins . If the ice suddenly disappeared , Greenland would most probably appear as an archipelago , at least until isostasy lifted the land surface above sea level once again . The ice surface reaches its greatest altitude on two north - south elongated domes , or ridges . The southern dome reaches almost 3,000 metres ( 10,000 ft ) at latitudes 63 ° -- 65 ° N ; the northern dome reaches about 3,290 metres ( 10,800 ft ) at about latitude 72 ° N ( the fourth highest `` summit '' of Greenland ) . The crests of both domes are displaced east of the centre line of Greenland . The unconfined ice sheet does not reach the sea along a broad front anywhere in Greenland , so that no large ice shelves occur . The ice margin just reaches the sea , however , in a region of irregular topography in the area of Melville Bay southeast of Thule . Large outlet glaciers , which are restricted tongues of the ice sheet , move through bordering valleys around the periphery of Greenland to calve off into the ocean , producing the numerous icebergs that sometimes occur in North Atlantic shipping lanes . The best known of these outlet glaciers is Jakobshavn Glacier ( Greenlandic : Sermeq Kujalleq ) , which , at its terminus , flows at speeds of 20 to 22 metres or 66 to 72 feet per day . </P> <P> On the ice sheet , temperatures are generally substantially lower than elsewhere in Greenland . The lowest mean annual temperatures , about − 31 ° C ( − 24 ° F ) , occur on the north - central part of the north dome , and temperatures at the crest of the south dome are about − 20 ° C ( − 4 ° F ) . </P> <H2> The ice sheet as a record of past climates ( edit ) </H2> See also : Ice core , Greenland ice core project , and Greenland Ice Sheet Project Topographic map of Greenland without its ice sheet . <P> The ice sheet , consisting of layers of compressed snow from more than 100,000 years , contains in its ice today 's most valuable record of past climates . In the past decades , scientists have drilled ice cores up to 4 kilometres ( 2.5 mi ) deep . Scientists have , using those ice cores , obtained information on ( proxies for ) temperature , ocean volume , precipitation , chemistry and gas composition of the lower atmosphere , volcanic eruptions , solar variability , sea - surface productivity , desert extent and forest fires . This variety of climatic proxies is greater than in any other natural recorder of climate , such as tree rings or sediment layers . </P> <H2> The melting ice sheet ( edit ) </H2> <P> Many scientists who study the ice ablation in Greenland consider that a two or three ° C temperature rise would result in a complete melting of Greenland 's ice . Positioned in the Arctic , the Greenland ice sheet is especially vulnerable to climate change . Arctic climate is believed to be now rapidly warming and much larger Arctic shrinkage changes are projected . The Greenland Ice Sheet has experienced record melting in recent years since detailed records have been kept and is likely to contribute substantially to sea level rise as \n\nQuestion:\nwhere is the world's largest ice sheet located today greenland alaska iceland antarctica\n"
},
{
"from": "agent",
"tok_len": null,
"value": "the Antarctic"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"tok_len": 1798,
"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nQuestion:\nwhere is the world's largest ice sheet located today greenland alaska iceland antarctica\n\nDocument:\n <Th> Thickness </Th> <Td> 2,000 -- 3,000 m ( 6,600 -- 9,800 ft ) </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> The Greenland ice sheet ( Danish : Grønlands indlandsis , Greenlandic : Sermersuaq ) is a vast body of ice covering 1,710,000 square kilometres ( 660,000 sq mi ) , roughly 80 % of the surface of Greenland . </P> <P> It is the second largest ice body in the world , after the Antarctic ice sheet . The ice sheet is almost 2,400 kilometres ( 1,500 mi ) long in a north - south direction , and its greatest width is 1,100 kilometres ( 680 mi ) at a latitude of 77 ° N , near its northern margin . The mean altitude of the ice is 2,135 metres ( 7,005 ft ) . The thickness is generally more than 2 km ( 1.2 mi ) and over 3 km ( 1.9 mi ) at its thickest point . It is not the only ice mass of Greenland -- isolated glaciers and small ice caps cover between 76,000 and 100,000 square kilometres ( 29,000 and 39,000 sq mi ) around the periphery . If the entire 2,850,000 cubic kilometres ( 684,000 cu mi ) of ice were to melt , it would lead to a global sea level rise of 7.2 m ( 24 ft ) . The Greenland Ice Sheet is sometimes referred to under the term inland ice , or its Danish equivalent , indlandsis . It is also sometimes referred to as an ice cap . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 General </Li> <Li> 2 The ice sheet as a record of past climates </Li> <Li> 3 The melting ice sheet <Ul> <Li> 3.1 Recent developments </Li> <Li> 3.2 Recent ice loss events </Li> <Li> 3.3 Media </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 4 Ice sheet acceleration </Li> <Li> 5 Increased precipitation </Li> <Li> 6 Rate of change </Li> <Li> 7 See also </Li> <Li> 8 Notes </Li> <Li> 9 References </Li> <Li> 10 External links </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> General ( edit ) </H2> <P> The presence of ice - rafted sediments in deep - sea cores recovered from northeast Greenland , in the Fram Strait , and south of Greenland indicated the more or less continuous presence of either an ice sheet or ice sheets covering significant parts of Greenland for the last 18 million years . From about 11 million years ago to 10 million years ago , the Greenland Ice Sheet was greatly reduced in size . The Greenland Ice Sheet formed in the middle Miocene by coalescence of ice caps and glaciers . There was an intensification of glaciation during the Late Pliocene . Ice sheet formation occurred in connection to uplift of the West Greenland and East Greenland uplands . The Western and Eastern Greenland mountains constitute passive continental margins that were uplifted in two phases , 10 and 5 million years ago , in the Miocene epoch . Computer modelling shows that the uplift would have enabled glaciation by producing increased orographic precipitation and cooling the surface temperatures . The oldest known ice in the current ice sheet is as old as 1,000,000 years old . </P> <P> The weight of the ice has depressed the central area of Greenland ; the bedrock surface is near sea level over most of the interior of Greenland , but mountains occur around the periphery , confining the sheet along its margins . If the ice suddenly disappeared , Greenland would most probably appear as an archipelago , at least until isostasy lifted the land surface above sea level once again . The ice surface reaches its greatest altitude on two north - south elongated domes , or ridges . The southern dome reaches almost 3,000 metres ( 10,000 ft ) at latitudes 63 ° -- 65 ° N ; the northern dome reaches about 3,290 metres ( 10,800 ft ) at about latitude 72 ° N ( the fourth highest `` summit '' of Greenland ) . The crests of both domes are displaced east of the centre line of Greenland . The unconfined ice sheet does not reach the sea along a broad front anywhere in Greenland , so that no large ice shelves occur . The ice margin just reaches the sea , however , in a region of irregular topography in the area of Melville Bay southeast of Thule . Large outlet glaciers , which are restricted tongues of the ice sheet , move through bordering valleys around the periphery of Greenland to calve off into the ocean , producing the numerous icebergs that sometimes occur in North Atlantic shipping lanes . The best known of these outlet glaciers is Jakobshavn Glacier ( Greenlandic : Sermeq Kujalleq ) , which , at its terminus , flows at speeds of 20 to 22 metres or 66 to 72 feet per day . </P> <P> On the ice sheet , temperatures are generally substantially lower than elsewhere in Greenland . The lowest mean annual temperatures , about − 31 ° C ( − 24 ° F ) , occur on the north - central part of the north dome , and temperatures at the crest of the south dome are about − 20 ° C ( − 4 ° F ) . </P> <H2> The ice sheet as a record of past climates ( edit ) </H2> See also : Ice core , Greenland ice core project , and Greenland Ice Sheet Project Topographic map of Greenland without its ice sheet . <P> The ice sheet , consisting of layers of compressed snow from more than 100,000 years , contains in its ice today 's most valuable record of past climates . In the past decades , scientists have drilled ice cores up to 4 kilometres ( 2.5 mi ) deep . Scientists have , using those ice cores , obtained information on ( proxies for ) temperature , ocean volume , precipitation , chemistry and gas composition of the lower atmosphere , volcanic eruptions , solar variability , sea - surface productivity , desert extent and forest fires . This variety of climatic proxies is greater than in any other natural recorder of climate , such as tree rings or sediment layers . </P> <H2> The melting ice sheet ( edit ) </H2> <P> Many scientists who study the ice ablation in Greenland consider that a two or three ° C temperature rise would result in a complete melting of Greenland 's ice . Positioned in the Arctic , the Greenland ice sheet is especially vulnerable to climate change . Arctic climate is believed to be now rapidly warming and much larger Arctic shrinkage changes are projected . The Greenland Ice Sheet has experienced record melting in recent years since detailed records have been kept and is likely to contribute substantially to sea level rise as \n"
},
{
"from": "agent",
"tok_len": null,
"value": "the Antarctic"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"tok_len": 2032,
"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nDocument:\nGreenland ice sheet - Wikipedia <H1> Greenland ice sheet </H1> Jump to : navigation , search <Table> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> This article needs to be updated . Please update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information . ( June 2016 ) </Td> </Tr> </Table> <Table> <Tr> <Th_colspan=\"2\"> Greenland ice sheet </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan=\"2\"> Outline map of Greenland with ice sheet depths . GISP2 refers to a main site of the Greenland Ice Sheet Project , where a 3 km ( 1.9 mi ) deep ice core was taken . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Type </Th> <Td> Ice sheet </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Coordinates </Th> <Td> 76 ° 42 ′ N 41 ° 12 ′ W / 76.7 ° N 41.2 ° W / 76.7 ; - 41.2 Coordinates : 76 ° 42 ′ N 41 ° 12 ′ W / 76.7 ° N 41.2 ° W / 76.7 ; - 41.2 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Area </Th> <Td> 1,710,000 km ( 660,000 sq mi ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Length </Th> <Td> 2,400 km ( 1,500 mi ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Width </Th> <Td> 1,100 km ( 680 mi ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Thickness </Th> <Td> 2,000 -- 3,000 m ( 6,600 -- 9,800 ft ) </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> The Greenland ice sheet ( Danish : Grønlands indlandsis , Greenlandic : Sermersuaq ) is a vast body of ice covering 1,710,000 square kilometres ( 660,000 sq mi ) , roughly 80 % of the surface of Greenland . </P> <P> It is the second largest ice body in the world , after the Antarctic ice sheet . The ice sheet is almost 2,400 kilometres ( 1,500 mi ) long in a north - south direction , and its greatest width is 1,100 kilometres ( 680 mi ) at a latitude of 77 ° N , near its northern margin . The mean altitude of the ice is 2,135 metres ( 7,005 ft ) . The thickness is generally more than 2 km ( 1.2 mi ) and over 3 km ( 1.9 mi ) at its thickest point . It is not the only ice mass of Greenland -- isolated glaciers and small ice caps cover between 76,000 and 100,000 square kilometres ( 29,000 and 39,000 sq mi ) around the periphery . If the entire 2,850,000 cubic kilometres ( 684,000 cu mi ) of ice were to melt , it would lead to a global sea level rise of 7.2 m ( 24 ft ) . The Greenland Ice Sheet is sometimes referred to under the term inland ice , or its Danish equivalent , indlandsis . It is also sometimes referred to as an ice cap . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 General </Li> <Li> 2 The ice sheet as a record of past climates </Li> <Li> 3 The melting ice sheet <Ul> <Li> 3.1 Recent developments </Li> <Li> 3.2 Recent ice loss events </Li> <Li> 3.3 Media </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 4 Ice sheet acceleration </Li> <Li> 5 Increased precipitation </Li> <Li> 6 Rate of change </Li> <Li> 7 See also </Li> <Li> 8 Notes </Li> <Li> 9 References </Li> <Li> 10 External links </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> General ( edit ) </H2> <P> The presence of ice - rafted sediments in deep - sea cores recovered from northeast Greenland , in the Fram Strait , and south of Greenland indicated the more or less continuous presence of either an ice sheet or ice sheets covering significant parts of Greenland for the last 18 million years . From about 11 million years ago to 10 million years ago , the Greenland Ice Sheet was greatly reduced in size . The Greenland Ice Sheet formed in the middle Miocene by coalescence of ice caps and glaciers . There was an intensification of glaciation during the Late Pliocene . Ice sheet formation occurred in connection to uplift of the West Greenland and East Greenland uplands . The Western and Eastern Greenland mountains constitute passive continental margins that were uplifted in two phases , 10 and 5 million years ago , in the Miocene epoch . Computer modelling shows that the uplift would have enabled glaciation by producing increased orographic precipitation and cooling the surface temperatures . The oldest known ice in the current ice sheet is as old as 1,000,000 years old . </P> <P> The weight of the ice has depressed the central area of Greenland ; the bedrock surface is near sea level over most of the interior of Greenland , but mountains occur around the periphery , confining the sheet along its margins . If the ice suddenly disappeared , Greenland would most probably appear as an archipelago , at least until isostasy lifted the land surface above sea level once again . The ice surface reaches its greatest altitude on two north - south elongated domes , or ridges . The southern dome reaches almost 3,000 metres ( 10,000 ft ) at latitudes 63 ° -- 65 ° N ; the northern dome reaches about 3,290 metres ( 10,800 ft ) at about latitude 72 ° N ( the fourth highest `` summit '' of Greenland ) . The crests of both domes are displaced east of the centre line of Greenland . The unconfined ice sheet does not reach the sea along a broad front anywhere in Greenland , so that no large ice shelves occur . The ice margin just reaches the sea , however , in a region of irregular topography in the area of Melville Bay southeast of Thule . Large outlet glaciers , which are restricted tongues of the ice sheet , move through bordering valleys around the periphery of Greenland to calve off into the ocean , producing the numerous icebergs that sometimes occur in North Atlantic shipping lanes . The best known of these outlet glaciers is Jakobshavn Glacier ( Greenlandic : Sermeq Kujalleq ) , which , at its terminus , flows at speeds of 20 to 22 metres or 66 to 72 feet per day . </P> <P> On the ice sheet , temperatures are generally substantially lower than elsewhere in Greenland . The lowest mean annual temperatures , about − 31 ° C ( − 24 ° F ) , occur on the north - central part of the north dome , and temperatures at the crest of the south dome are about − 20 ° C ( − 4 ° F ) . </P> <H2> The ice sheet as a record of past climates ( edit ) </H2> See also : Ice core , Greenland ice core project , and Greenland Ice Sheet Project Topographic map of Greenland without its ice sheet . <P> The ice sheet , consisting of layers of compressed snow from more than 100,000 years , contains in its ice today 's most valuable record of past climates . In the past decades , scientists have drilled ice cores up to 4 kilometres ( 2.5 mi ) deep . Scientists have , using those ice cores \n\nQuestion:\nwhere is the world's largest ice sheet located today greenland alaska iceland antarctica\n"
},
{
"from": "agent",
"tok_len": null,
"value": "the Antarctic"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"tok_len": 2032,
"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nQuestion:\nwhere is the world's largest ice sheet located today greenland alaska iceland antarctica\n\nDocument:\nGreenland ice sheet - Wikipedia <H1> Greenland ice sheet </H1> Jump to : navigation , search <Table> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> This article needs to be updated . Please update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information . ( June 2016 ) </Td> </Tr> </Table> <Table> <Tr> <Th_colspan=\"2\"> Greenland ice sheet </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan=\"2\"> Outline map of Greenland with ice sheet depths . GISP2 refers to a main site of the Greenland Ice Sheet Project , where a 3 km ( 1.9 mi ) deep ice core was taken . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Type </Th> <Td> Ice sheet </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Coordinates </Th> <Td> 76 ° 42 ′ N 41 ° 12 ′ W / 76.7 ° N 41.2 ° W / 76.7 ; - 41.2 Coordinates : 76 ° 42 ′ N 41 ° 12 ′ W / 76.7 ° N 41.2 ° W / 76.7 ; - 41.2 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Area </Th> <Td> 1,710,000 km ( 660,000 sq mi ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Length </Th> <Td> 2,400 km ( 1,500 mi ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Width </Th> <Td> 1,100 km ( 680 mi ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Thickness </Th> <Td> 2,000 -- 3,000 m ( 6,600 -- 9,800 ft ) </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> The Greenland ice sheet ( Danish : Grønlands indlandsis , Greenlandic : Sermersuaq ) is a vast body of ice covering 1,710,000 square kilometres ( 660,000 sq mi ) , roughly 80 % of the surface of Greenland . </P> <P> It is the second largest ice body in the world , after the Antarctic ice sheet . The ice sheet is almost 2,400 kilometres ( 1,500 mi ) long in a north - south direction , and its greatest width is 1,100 kilometres ( 680 mi ) at a latitude of 77 ° N , near its northern margin . The mean altitude of the ice is 2,135 metres ( 7,005 ft ) . The thickness is generally more than 2 km ( 1.2 mi ) and over 3 km ( 1.9 mi ) at its thickest point . It is not the only ice mass of Greenland -- isolated glaciers and small ice caps cover between 76,000 and 100,000 square kilometres ( 29,000 and 39,000 sq mi ) around the periphery . If the entire 2,850,000 cubic kilometres ( 684,000 cu mi ) of ice were to melt , it would lead to a global sea level rise of 7.2 m ( 24 ft ) . The Greenland Ice Sheet is sometimes referred to under the term inland ice , or its Danish equivalent , indlandsis . It is also sometimes referred to as an ice cap . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 General </Li> <Li> 2 The ice sheet as a record of past climates </Li> <Li> 3 The melting ice sheet <Ul> <Li> 3.1 Recent developments </Li> <Li> 3.2 Recent ice loss events </Li> <Li> 3.3 Media </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 4 Ice sheet acceleration </Li> <Li> 5 Increased precipitation </Li> <Li> 6 Rate of change </Li> <Li> 7 See also </Li> <Li> 8 Notes </Li> <Li> 9 References </Li> <Li> 10 External links </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> General ( edit ) </H2> <P> The presence of ice - rafted sediments in deep - sea cores recovered from northeast Greenland , in the Fram Strait , and south of Greenland indicated the more or less continuous presence of either an ice sheet or ice sheets covering significant parts of Greenland for the last 18 million years . From about 11 million years ago to 10 million years ago , the Greenland Ice Sheet was greatly reduced in size . The Greenland Ice Sheet formed in the middle Miocene by coalescence of ice caps and glaciers . There was an intensification of glaciation during the Late Pliocene . Ice sheet formation occurred in connection to uplift of the West Greenland and East Greenland uplands . The Western and Eastern Greenland mountains constitute passive continental margins that were uplifted in two phases , 10 and 5 million years ago , in the Miocene epoch . Computer modelling shows that the uplift would have enabled glaciation by producing increased orographic precipitation and cooling the surface temperatures . The oldest known ice in the current ice sheet is as old as 1,000,000 years old . </P> <P> The weight of the ice has depressed the central area of Greenland ; the bedrock surface is near sea level over most of the interior of Greenland , but mountains occur around the periphery , confining the sheet along its margins . If the ice suddenly disappeared , Greenland would most probably appear as an archipelago , at least until isostasy lifted the land surface above sea level once again . The ice surface reaches its greatest altitude on two north - south elongated domes , or ridges . The southern dome reaches almost 3,000 metres ( 10,000 ft ) at latitudes 63 ° -- 65 ° N ; the northern dome reaches about 3,290 metres ( 10,800 ft ) at about latitude 72 ° N ( the fourth highest `` summit '' of Greenland ) . The crests of both domes are displaced east of the centre line of Greenland . The unconfined ice sheet does not reach the sea along a broad front anywhere in Greenland , so that no large ice shelves occur . The ice margin just reaches the sea , however , in a region of irregular topography in the area of Melville Bay southeast of Thule . Large outlet glaciers , which are restricted tongues of the ice sheet , move through bordering valleys around the periphery of Greenland to calve off into the ocean , producing the numerous icebergs that sometimes occur in North Atlantic shipping lanes . The best known of these outlet glaciers is Jakobshavn Glacier ( Greenlandic : Sermeq Kujalleq ) , which , at its terminus , flows at speeds of 20 to 22 metres or 66 to 72 feet per day . </P> <P> On the ice sheet , temperatures are generally substantially lower than elsewhere in Greenland . The lowest mean annual temperatures , about − 31 ° C ( − 24 ° F ) , occur on the north - central part of the north dome , and temperatures at the crest of the south dome are about − 20 ° C ( − 4 ° F ) . </P> <H2> The ice sheet as a record of past climates ( edit ) </H2> See also : Ice core , Greenland ice core project , and Greenland Ice Sheet Project Topographic map of Greenland without its ice sheet . <P> The ice sheet , consisting of layers of compressed snow from more than 100,000 years , contains in its ice today 's most valuable record of past climates . In the past decades , scientists have drilled ice cores up to 4 kilometres ( 2.5 mi ) deep . Scientists have , using those ice cores \n"
},
{
"from": "agent",
"tok_len": null,
"value": "the Antarctic"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"tok_len": 2032,
"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nDocument:\nGreenland ice sheet - Wikipedia <H1> Greenland ice sheet </H1> Jump to : navigation , search <Table> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> This article needs to be updated . Please update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information . ( June 2016 ) </Td> </Tr> </Table> <Table> <Tr> <Th_colspan=\"2\"> Greenland ice sheet </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan=\"2\"> Outline map of Greenland with ice sheet depths . GISP2 refers to a main site of the Greenland Ice Sheet Project , where a 3 km ( 1.9 mi ) deep ice core was taken . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Type </Th> <Td> Ice sheet </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Coordinates </Th> <Td> 76 ° 42 ′ N 41 ° 12 ′ W / 76.7 ° N 41.2 ° W / 76.7 ; - 41.2 Coordinates : 76 ° 42 ′ N 41 ° 12 ′ W / 76.7 ° N 41.2 ° W / 76.7 ; - 41.2 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Area </Th> <Td> 1,710,000 km ( 660,000 sq mi ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Length </Th> <Td> 2,400 km ( 1,500 mi ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Width </Th> <Td> 1,100 km ( 680 mi ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Thickness </Th> <Td> 2,000 -- 3,000 m ( 6,600 -- 9,800 ft ) </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> The Greenland ice sheet ( Danish : Grønlands indlandsis , Greenlandic : Sermersuaq ) is a vast body of ice covering 1,710,000 square kilometres ( 660,000 sq mi ) , roughly 80 % of the surface of Greenland . </P> <P> It is the second largest ice body in the world , after the Antarctic ice sheet . The ice sheet is almost 2,400 kilometres ( 1,500 mi ) long in a north - south direction , and its greatest width is 1,100 kilometres ( 680 mi ) at a latitude of 77 ° N , near its northern margin . The mean altitude of the ice is 2,135 metres ( 7,005 ft ) . The thickness is generally more than 2 km ( 1.2 mi ) and over 3 km ( 1.9 mi ) at its thickest point . It is not the only ice mass of Greenland -- isolated glaciers and small ice caps cover between 76,000 and 100,000 square kilometres ( 29,000 and 39,000 sq mi ) around the periphery . If the entire 2,850,000 cubic kilometres ( 684,000 cu mi ) of ice were to melt , it would lead to a global sea level rise of 7.2 m ( 24 ft ) . The Greenland Ice Sheet is sometimes referred to under the term inland ice , or its Danish equivalent , indlandsis . It is also sometimes referred to as an ice cap . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 General </Li> <Li> 2 The ice sheet as a record of past climates </Li> <Li> 3 The melting ice sheet <Ul> <Li> 3.1 Recent developments </Li> <Li> 3.2 Recent ice loss events </Li> <Li> 3.3 Media </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 4 Ice sheet acceleration </Li> <Li> 5 Increased precipitation </Li> <Li> 6 Rate of change </Li> <Li> 7 See also </Li> <Li> 8 Notes </Li> <Li> 9 References </Li> <Li> 10 External links </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> General ( edit ) </H2> <P> The presence of ice - rafted sediments in deep - sea cores recovered from northeast Greenland , in the Fram Strait , and south of Greenland indicated the more or less continuous presence of either an ice sheet or ice sheets covering significant parts of Greenland for the last 18 million years . From about 11 million years ago to 10 million years ago , the Greenland Ice Sheet was greatly reduced in size . The Greenland Ice Sheet formed in the middle Miocene by coalescence of ice caps and glaciers . There was an intensification of glaciation during the Late Pliocene . Ice sheet formation occurred in connection to uplift of the West Greenland and East Greenland uplands . The Western and Eastern Greenland mountains constitute passive continental margins that were uplifted in two phases , 10 and 5 million years ago , in the Miocene epoch . Computer modelling shows that the uplift would have enabled glaciation by producing increased orographic precipitation and cooling the surface temperatures . The oldest known ice in the current ice sheet is as old as 1,000,000 years old . </P> <P> The weight of the ice has depressed the central area of Greenland ; the bedrock surface is near sea level over most of the interior of Greenland , but mountains occur around the periphery , confining the sheet along its margins . If the ice suddenly disappeared , Greenland would most probably appear as an archipelago , at least until isostasy lifted the land surface above sea level once again . The ice surface reaches its greatest altitude on two north - south elongated domes , or ridges . The southern dome reaches almost 3,000 metres ( 10,000 ft ) at latitudes 63 ° -- 65 ° N ; the northern dome reaches about 3,290 metres ( 10,800 ft ) at about latitude 72 ° N ( the fourth highest `` summit '' of Greenland ) . The crests of both domes are displaced east of the centre line of Greenland . The unconfined ice sheet does not reach the sea along a broad front anywhere in Greenland , so that no large ice shelves occur . The ice margin just reaches the sea , however , in a region of irregular topography in the area of Melville Bay southeast of Thule . Large outlet glaciers , which are restricted tongues of the ice sheet , move through bordering valleys around the periphery of Greenland to calve off into the ocean , producing the numerous icebergs that sometimes occur in North Atlantic shipping lanes . The best known of these outlet glaciers is Jakobshavn Glacier ( Greenlandic : Sermeq Kujalleq ) , which , at its terminus , flows at speeds of 20 to 22 metres or 66 to 72 feet per day . </P> <P> On the ice sheet , temperatures are generally substantially lower than elsewhere in Greenland . The lowest mean annual temperatures , about − 31 ° C ( − 24 ° F ) , occur on the north - central part of the north dome , and temperatures at the crest of the south dome are about − 20 ° C ( − 4 ° F ) . </P> <H2> The ice sheet as a record of past climates ( edit ) </H2> See also : Ice core , Greenland ice core project , and Greenland Ice Sheet Project Topographic map of Greenland without its ice sheet . <P> The ice sheet , consisting of layers of compressed snow from more than 100,000 years , contains in its ice today 's most valuable record of past climates . In the past decades , scientists have drilled ice cores up to 4 kilometres ( 2.5 mi ) deep . Scientists have , using those ice cores \n\nQuestion:\nwhere is the world's largest ice sheet located today greenland alaska iceland antarctica\n"
},
{
"from": "agent",
"tok_len": null,
"value": "the Antarctic"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"tok_len": 2032,
"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nQuestion:\nwhere is the world's largest ice sheet located today greenland alaska iceland antarctica\n\nDocument:\nGreenland ice sheet - Wikipedia <H1> Greenland ice sheet </H1> Jump to : navigation , search <Table> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> This article needs to be updated . Please update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information . ( June 2016 ) </Td> </Tr> </Table> <Table> <Tr> <Th_colspan=\"2\"> Greenland ice sheet </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan=\"2\"> Outline map of Greenland with ice sheet depths . GISP2 refers to a main site of the Greenland Ice Sheet Project , where a 3 km ( 1.9 mi ) deep ice core was taken . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Type </Th> <Td> Ice sheet </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Coordinates </Th> <Td> 76 ° 42 ′ N 41 ° 12 ′ W / 76.7 ° N 41.2 ° W / 76.7 ; - 41.2 Coordinates : 76 ° 42 ′ N 41 ° 12 ′ W / 76.7 ° N 41.2 ° W / 76.7 ; - 41.2 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Area </Th> <Td> 1,710,000 km ( 660,000 sq mi ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Length </Th> <Td> 2,400 km ( 1,500 mi ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Width </Th> <Td> 1,100 km ( 680 mi ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Thickness </Th> <Td> 2,000 -- 3,000 m ( 6,600 -- 9,800 ft ) </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> The Greenland ice sheet ( Danish : Grønlands indlandsis , Greenlandic : Sermersuaq ) is a vast body of ice covering 1,710,000 square kilometres ( 660,000 sq mi ) , roughly 80 % of the surface of Greenland . </P> <P> It is the second largest ice body in the world , after the Antarctic ice sheet . The ice sheet is almost 2,400 kilometres ( 1,500 mi ) long in a north - south direction , and its greatest width is 1,100 kilometres ( 680 mi ) at a latitude of 77 ° N , near its northern margin . The mean altitude of the ice is 2,135 metres ( 7,005 ft ) . The thickness is generally more than 2 km ( 1.2 mi ) and over 3 km ( 1.9 mi ) at its thickest point . It is not the only ice mass of Greenland -- isolated glaciers and small ice caps cover between 76,000 and 100,000 square kilometres ( 29,000 and 39,000 sq mi ) around the periphery . If the entire 2,850,000 cubic kilometres ( 684,000 cu mi ) of ice were to melt , it would lead to a global sea level rise of 7.2 m ( 24 ft ) . The Greenland Ice Sheet is sometimes referred to under the term inland ice , or its Danish equivalent , indlandsis . It is also sometimes referred to as an ice cap . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 General </Li> <Li> 2 The ice sheet as a record of past climates </Li> <Li> 3 The melting ice sheet <Ul> <Li> 3.1 Recent developments </Li> <Li> 3.2 Recent ice loss events </Li> <Li> 3.3 Media </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 4 Ice sheet acceleration </Li> <Li> 5 Increased precipitation </Li> <Li> 6 Rate of change </Li> <Li> 7 See also </Li> <Li> 8 Notes </Li> <Li> 9 References </Li> <Li> 10 External links </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> General ( edit ) </H2> <P> The presence of ice - rafted sediments in deep - sea cores recovered from northeast Greenland , in the Fram Strait , and south of Greenland indicated the more or less continuous presence of either an ice sheet or ice sheets covering significant parts of Greenland for the last 18 million years . From about 11 million years ago to 10 million years ago , the Greenland Ice Sheet was greatly reduced in size . The Greenland Ice Sheet formed in the middle Miocene by coalescence of ice caps and glaciers . There was an intensification of glaciation during the Late Pliocene . Ice sheet formation occurred in connection to uplift of the West Greenland and East Greenland uplands . The Western and Eastern Greenland mountains constitute passive continental margins that were uplifted in two phases , 10 and 5 million years ago , in the Miocene epoch . Computer modelling shows that the uplift would have enabled glaciation by producing increased orographic precipitation and cooling the surface temperatures . The oldest known ice in the current ice sheet is as old as 1,000,000 years old . </P> <P> The weight of the ice has depressed the central area of Greenland ; the bedrock surface is near sea level over most of the interior of Greenland , but mountains occur around the periphery , confining the sheet along its margins . If the ice suddenly disappeared , Greenland would most probably appear as an archipelago , at least until isostasy lifted the land surface above sea level once again . The ice surface reaches its greatest altitude on two north - south elongated domes , or ridges . The southern dome reaches almost 3,000 metres ( 10,000 ft ) at latitudes 63 ° -- 65 ° N ; the northern dome reaches about 3,290 metres ( 10,800 ft ) at about latitude 72 ° N ( the fourth highest `` summit '' of Greenland ) . The crests of both domes are displaced east of the centre line of Greenland . The unconfined ice sheet does not reach the sea along a broad front anywhere in Greenland , so that no large ice shelves occur . The ice margin just reaches the sea , however , in a region of irregular topography in the area of Melville Bay southeast of Thule . Large outlet glaciers , which are restricted tongues of the ice sheet , move through bordering valleys around the periphery of Greenland to calve off into the ocean , producing the numerous icebergs that sometimes occur in North Atlantic shipping lanes . The best known of these outlet glaciers is Jakobshavn Glacier ( Greenlandic : Sermeq Kujalleq ) , which , at its terminus , flows at speeds of 20 to 22 metres or 66 to 72 feet per day . </P> <P> On the ice sheet , temperatures are generally substantially lower than elsewhere in Greenland . The lowest mean annual temperatures , about − 31 ° C ( − 24 ° F ) , occur on the north - central part of the north dome , and temperatures at the crest of the south dome are about − 20 ° C ( − 4 ° F ) . </P> <H2> The ice sheet as a record of past climates ( edit ) </H2> See also : Ice core , Greenland ice core project , and Greenland Ice Sheet Project Topographic map of Greenland without its ice sheet . <P> The ice sheet , consisting of layers of compressed snow from more than 100,000 years , contains in its ice today 's most valuable record of past climates . In the past decades , scientists have drilled ice cores up to 4 kilometres ( 2.5 mi ) deep . Scientists have , using those ice cores \n"
},
{
"from": "agent",
"tok_len": null,
"value": "the Antarctic"
}
] |
[
{
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"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nDocument:\nion of 20012 ( Takoma Park ) became 20912 . </P> <H2> Other uses ( edit ) </H2> <H3> Delivery Services ( edit ) </H3> <P> Delivery services other than the USPS , such as FedEx , United Parcel Service , and DHL , require a ZIP Code for optimal internal routing of a package . </P> <H3> Statistics ( edit ) </H3> <P> There are over 42,000 ZIP Codes in the United States . ZIP Codes are used not only for tracking of mail but also in gathering geographical statistics in the United States . The U.S. Census Bureau calculates approximate boundaries of ZIP Codes areas , which it calls ZIP Code Tabulation Areas ( ZCTAs ) . Statistical census data is then provided for these approximate areas . The geographic data provided for these areas includes the latitude and longitude of the center - point of the ZCTAs . There are approximately 32,000 ZCTAs . The reason that there is not one ZCTA for every ZIP Code is that PO Boxes are excluded , since only populated areas are included in the Census data . The Census Bureau provides many statistical data sets for ZIP Codes , but does not keep up - to - date datasets of all ZCTAs . Complete datasets providing a similar approximate geographic extent are commercially available . </P> <P> ZIP Codes are inherently discrete data , or point - based data , as they are assigned only at the point of delivery , not the spaces in between the delivery points . The U.S. Census Bureau then interpolates this discrete data set to create polygons , or areal features representing the approximate extent of the ZIP Code to use for mapping and data presentation . ZCTAs are not to be confused with ZIP Codes , and they are not updated as frequently as ZIP Codes . However , for many research and planning purposes , they are very useful and can be used with ZIP Code data . </P> <H3> Marketing ( edit ) </H3> <P> The data is often used in direct mail marketing campaigns in a process called ZIP - code marketing . Point - of - sale cashiers sometimes ask consumers their home ZIP Code . Besides providing purchasing - pattern data useful in determining the location of new business establishments , retailers can use directories to correlate this ZIP Code with the name on a credit card to obtain a consumer 's full address and telephone number . ZIP - Coded data are also used in analyzing geographic factors in risk , an insurance - industry and banking practice pejoratively known as redlining . This can cause problems ( e.g. , expensive insurance ) for people living near a town with a high crime rate and sharing its ZIP Code , while they live in a relatively crime - free town ( see Elkins Park , Pennsylvania , above ) . </P> <P> According to a news story , `` California 's high court ruled Thursday that retailers do not have the right to ask customers for their ZIP Code while completing credit card transactions , saying that doing so violates a cardholders ' right to protect his or her personal information . '' </P> <H3> Legislative districts ( edit ) </H3> <P> ZIP Codes can not be used to identify legislative districts . Although the website of the U.S. House of Representatives has a `` Find Your Representative '' feature that looks up congressional districts based on ZIP Codes alone , it often returns multiple districts corresponding to a single ZIP Code . This is because different parts of one ZIP Code can be in different districts . </P> <H3> Internet ( edit ) </H3> <P> A 1978 proposal for a nationwide system of community networks suggested using ZIP Codes for routing . </P> <P> ZIP Code data is an integral part of dealer / store locator software on many websites , especially brick - and - click websites . This software processes a user - input ZIP Code and returns a list of store or business locations , usually in the order of increasing distance from the center of the input ZIP Code . As the ZIP system is confined to the U.S. Postal network , websites that require ZIP Codes can not register customers outside the U.S. Many sites will either purchase postal code data of other countries or make allowances in cases where the ZIP Code is not recognized . </P> <P> ZIP Codes are regularly used on the Internet to provide a location in situations where an exact address is not necessary ( or desirable ) but the user 's municipality , or at least general location , is needed . Examples ( in addition to the store locator example listed above ) include weather forecasts , television listings , local news , and online dating ( most general purpose sites , by default , search within a given number of miles of a given ZIP Code , based on the others ' entered ZIP Codes ) . </P> <H3> Credit card security ( edit ) </H3> Main article : Address Verification System <P> ZIP Codes are used in credit card authorization , specifically Address Verification System ( AVS ) . When a merchant collects the entire address , the ZIP Code is an important part of AVS . In some cases , the ZIP Code is the only thing used for AVS , specifically where collecting a signature , or other information is infeasible , such as pay at the pump or vending machines . </P> <H3> Insurance rating ( edit ) </H3> <P> ZIP Codes are used by most insurance carriers to determine the rate the customer will receive . Higher populated areas will generally receive a higher rate , but that is not always true . In some areas with a high population , the rate for comprehensive coverage can be lower because the area has a low crime rate . </P> <H2> See also ( edit ) </H2> <Ul> <Li> J.W. Westcott II </Li> <Li> List of ZIP code prefixes </Li> <Li> ZIP Code Tabulation Area </Li> </Ul> <H2> References ( edit ) </H2> <Ol> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Mr. Zip and the ZIP Code Promotional Campaign '' . Smithsonian National Postal Museum . Retrieved 7 March 2013 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Latest Status Info '' . United States Patent and Trademark Office . Retrieved July 10 , 2009 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` A ZONING SYSTEM IN DEVELOPMENT '' . </Li> <Li> ^ Jump up to : `` State Abbreviations '' , USPS.com . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Tim Bullamore . Robert Moon Obituary </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Papers of H. Bentley Hahn : The Man Who Invented the 5 - Digit ZIP Code -- ARCHIVALLY SPEAKING : An Inside Look at the JFK Library Archives '' . archiveblog.jfklibrary.org . Retrieved 2018 - 04 - 30 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` The Cornell Daily Sun 17 March 1971 -- The Cornell Daily Sun '' . cdsun2.library.cornell.edu . Retrieved 2017 - 11 - 24 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Organizing America : A History of the ZIP Code '' . Random History . Retrieved 19 June 2017 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Archived : How can I print routing barcodes on envelopes ? - Knowledge Base '' . The Trustees of Indiana University . Retrieved July 10 , 2009 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Insert a barcode into an Office document '' . Microsoft Corporation . Archived from the original on April 24 , 2012 . Retrieved July 10 , 2009 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` CASS Technical Guide '' ( PDF ) . United States Postal Service . p. 40 . Archived from the original ( PDF ) on\n\nQuestion:\nhow many 5 digit zip codes in the us\n"
},
{
"from": "agent",
"tok_len": null,
"value": "over 42,000"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"tok_len": 1917,
"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nQuestion:\nhow many 5 digit zip codes in the us\n\nDocument:\nion of 20012 ( Takoma Park ) became 20912 . </P> <H2> Other uses ( edit ) </H2> <H3> Delivery Services ( edit ) </H3> <P> Delivery services other than the USPS , such as FedEx , United Parcel Service , and DHL , require a ZIP Code for optimal internal routing of a package . </P> <H3> Statistics ( edit ) </H3> <P> There are over 42,000 ZIP Codes in the United States . ZIP Codes are used not only for tracking of mail but also in gathering geographical statistics in the United States . The U.S. Census Bureau calculates approximate boundaries of ZIP Codes areas , which it calls ZIP Code Tabulation Areas ( ZCTAs ) . Statistical census data is then provided for these approximate areas . The geographic data provided for these areas includes the latitude and longitude of the center - point of the ZCTAs . There are approximately 32,000 ZCTAs . The reason that there is not one ZCTA for every ZIP Code is that PO Boxes are excluded , since only populated areas are included in the Census data . The Census Bureau provides many statistical data sets for ZIP Codes , but does not keep up - to - date datasets of all ZCTAs . Complete datasets providing a similar approximate geographic extent are commercially available . </P> <P> ZIP Codes are inherently discrete data , or point - based data , as they are assigned only at the point of delivery , not the spaces in between the delivery points . The U.S. Census Bureau then interpolates this discrete data set to create polygons , or areal features representing the approximate extent of the ZIP Code to use for mapping and data presentation . ZCTAs are not to be confused with ZIP Codes , and they are not updated as frequently as ZIP Codes . However , for many research and planning purposes , they are very useful and can be used with ZIP Code data . </P> <H3> Marketing ( edit ) </H3> <P> The data is often used in direct mail marketing campaigns in a process called ZIP - code marketing . Point - of - sale cashiers sometimes ask consumers their home ZIP Code . Besides providing purchasing - pattern data useful in determining the location of new business establishments , retailers can use directories to correlate this ZIP Code with the name on a credit card to obtain a consumer 's full address and telephone number . ZIP - Coded data are also used in analyzing geographic factors in risk , an insurance - industry and banking practice pejoratively known as redlining . This can cause problems ( e.g. , expensive insurance ) for people living near a town with a high crime rate and sharing its ZIP Code , while they live in a relatively crime - free town ( see Elkins Park , Pennsylvania , above ) . </P> <P> According to a news story , `` California 's high court ruled Thursday that retailers do not have the right to ask customers for their ZIP Code while completing credit card transactions , saying that doing so violates a cardholders ' right to protect his or her personal information . '' </P> <H3> Legislative districts ( edit ) </H3> <P> ZIP Codes can not be used to identify legislative districts . Although the website of the U.S. House of Representatives has a `` Find Your Representative '' feature that looks up congressional districts based on ZIP Codes alone , it often returns multiple districts corresponding to a single ZIP Code . This is because different parts of one ZIP Code can be in different districts . </P> <H3> Internet ( edit ) </H3> <P> A 1978 proposal for a nationwide system of community networks suggested using ZIP Codes for routing . </P> <P> ZIP Code data is an integral part of dealer / store locator software on many websites , especially brick - and - click websites . This software processes a user - input ZIP Code and returns a list of store or business locations , usually in the order of increasing distance from the center of the input ZIP Code . As the ZIP system is confined to the U.S. Postal network , websites that require ZIP Codes can not register customers outside the U.S. Many sites will either purchase postal code data of other countries or make allowances in cases where the ZIP Code is not recognized . </P> <P> ZIP Codes are regularly used on the Internet to provide a location in situations where an exact address is not necessary ( or desirable ) but the user 's municipality , or at least general location , is needed . Examples ( in addition to the store locator example listed above ) include weather forecasts , television listings , local news , and online dating ( most general purpose sites , by default , search within a given number of miles of a given ZIP Code , based on the others ' entered ZIP Codes ) . </P> <H3> Credit card security ( edit ) </H3> Main article : Address Verification System <P> ZIP Codes are used in credit card authorization , specifically Address Verification System ( AVS ) . When a merchant collects the entire address , the ZIP Code is an important part of AVS . In some cases , the ZIP Code is the only thing used for AVS , specifically where collecting a signature , or other information is infeasible , such as pay at the pump or vending machines . </P> <H3> Insurance rating ( edit ) </H3> <P> ZIP Codes are used by most insurance carriers to determine the rate the customer will receive . Higher populated areas will generally receive a higher rate , but that is not always true . In some areas with a high population , the rate for comprehensive coverage can be lower because the area has a low crime rate . </P> <H2> See also ( edit ) </H2> <Ul> <Li> J.W. Westcott II </Li> <Li> List of ZIP code prefixes </Li> <Li> ZIP Code Tabulation Area </Li> </Ul> <H2> References ( edit ) </H2> <Ol> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Mr. Zip and the ZIP Code Promotional Campaign '' . Smithsonian National Postal Museum . Retrieved 7 March 2013 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Latest Status Info '' . United States Patent and Trademark Office . Retrieved July 10 , 2009 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` A ZONING SYSTEM IN DEVELOPMENT '' . </Li> <Li> ^ Jump up to : `` State Abbreviations '' , USPS.com . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Tim Bullamore . Robert Moon Obituary </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Papers of H. Bentley Hahn : The Man Who Invented the 5 - Digit ZIP Code -- ARCHIVALLY SPEAKING : An Inside Look at the JFK Library Archives '' . archiveblog.jfklibrary.org . Retrieved 2018 - 04 - 30 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` The Cornell Daily Sun 17 March 1971 -- The Cornell Daily Sun '' . cdsun2.library.cornell.edu . Retrieved 2017 - 11 - 24 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Organizing America : A History of the ZIP Code '' . Random History . Retrieved 19 June 2017 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Archived : How can I print routing barcodes on envelopes ? - Knowledge Base '' . The Trustees of Indiana University . Retrieved July 10 , 2009 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Insert a barcode into an Office document '' . Microsoft Corporation . Archived from the original on April 24 , 2012 . Retrieved July 10 , 2009 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` CASS Technical Guide '' ( PDF ) . United States Postal Service . p. 40 . Archived from the original ( PDF ) on\n"
},
{
"from": "agent",
"tok_len": null,
"value": "over 42,000"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"tok_len": 1804,
"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nDocument:\nin the unincorporated parts of the town of Salem . Further confusion is caused because Silver Lake , Wisconsin , which is also a village in the town of Salem and is of similar size and status to Paddock Lake , has its own ZIP Code and post office . </P> <P> In another case , the U.S. Federal Communications Commission ( FCC ) denied a radio station ( now WNNX FM ) a move requiring a change in its city of license to Sandy Springs , Georgia , largely because it was not a city ( until municipal incorporation in late 2005 ) , despite being the seventh - largest place in the state by population . The FCC cited the use of `` Atlanta '' on letters of support from local organizations , even though the USPS forced them to use Atlanta for 30328 until well after incorporation took effect . Currently `` Sandy Springs '' is only acceptable , despite none of 30328 being in Atlanta , or anywhere else outside the Sandy Springs city limit . This even applies to the ZIP Code used only for PO boxes at the Sandy Springs main post office . </P> <P> Because ZIP Codes and their associated place names can ignore county lines , problems may occur where street addresses are based on quadrant location within a county . For example , 30339 spans over Vinings , Georgia and Atlanta , Georgia , in southeastern Cobb County ; therefore every street address is labeled SE , and has a house number on that county 's grid ( according to the distance from the town square in the county seat ) . However , because the USPS demands the use of Atlanta , Vining 's addresses are written such that they appear to be in southeast Atlanta , instead of in the opposite ( northwest metro Atlanta ) side . </P> Division and reallocation of ZIP Codes ( edit ) <P> Like area codes , ZIP codes are sometimes divided and changed , especially when a rural area becomes suburban . Typically , the new codes become effective once announced , and a grace period ( e.g. , one year ) is provided in which the new and old codes are used concurrently so that postal patrons in the affected area can notify correspondents , order new stationery , etc . </P> <P> In rapidly growing communities , it is sometimes necessary to open a new sectional center facility , which must then be allocated its own three - digit ZIP - code prefix or prefixes . Such allocation can be done in various ways . For example , when a new sectional center facility was opened at Dulles Airport in Virginia , the prefix 201 was allocated to that facility ; therefore , for all post offices to be served by that sectional center facility the ZIP Code changed from an old code beginning with 220 or 221 to a new code or codes beginning with 201 . However , when a new sectional center facility was opened to serve Montgomery County , Maryland , no new prefix was assigned . Instead , ZIP Codes in the 207 and 208 ranges , which had previously been assigned alphabetically , were reshuffled so that 207xx ZIP Codes in the county was changed to 208xx codes , while 208xx codes outside that county were changed to 207xx codes . Because Silver Spring ( whose postal area includes Wheaton ) has its own prefix , 209 , there was no need to apply the reshuffling to Silver Spring ; instead , all mail going to 209xx ZIP Codes was simply rerouted to the new sectional center facility . </P> <P> On the other hand , depopulation may cause a post office to close and its associated ZIP Code to be deallocated . For example , Centralia , Pennsylvania 's ZIP Code , 17927 , was retired in 2002 . </P> <P> Elkins Park , Pennsylvania , was originally issued the 19117 ZIP Code , although it lies in Montgomery County , Pennsylvania . Because of the 191 prefix , which is found only in Philadelphia with that lone exception , auto insurance companies charged higher city premiums to that suburban location . For that reason , residents petitioned the USPS for a 190 - prefix ZIP Code , which is common to the inner - ring Pennsylvania suburbs of that city , and , after several attempts that were initially disapproved by the USPS , Elkins Park was finally reassigned to the 19027 ZIP Code . </P> <P> ZIP Codes also change when postal boundaries are realigned . For example , at the same time at which the above - noted change in Montgomery County , Maryland , took place , and under pressure from then - mayor of Washington , D.C. , Marion Barry , the USPS realigned the postal boundaries between Washington , D.C. and Maryland to match the boundary . Previously , many inner suburbs , such as Bethesda and Takoma Park , Oxon Hill , Temple Hills , Suitland , and Capitol Heights had been in the Washington , D.C. , postal area . As a result of the change , ZIP Codes in Maryland beginning with 200 were changed to new ZIP Codes beginning with 207 , 208 or 209 , depending on their location , and ZIP Codes straddling the D.C. - Maryland line were split . For example , 20016 ( Bethesda ) became 20816 , while the Maryland portion of 20012 ( Takoma Park ) became 20912 . </P> <H2> Other uses ( edit ) </H2> <H3> Delivery Services ( edit ) </H3> <P> Delivery services other than the USPS , such as FedEx , United Parcel Service , and DHL , require a ZIP Code for optimal internal routing of a package . </P> <H3> Statistics ( edit ) </H3> <P> There are over 42,000 ZIP Codes in the United States . ZIP Codes are used not only for tracking of mail but also in gathering geographical statistics in the United States . The U.S. Census Bureau calculates approximate boundaries of ZIP Codes areas , which it calls ZIP Code Tabulation Areas ( ZCTAs ) . Statistical census data is then provided for these approximate areas . The geographic data provided for these areas includes the latitude and longitude of the center - point of the ZCTAs . There are approximately 32,000 ZCTAs . The reason that there is not one ZCTA for every ZIP Code is that PO Boxes are excluded , since only populated areas are included in the Census data . The Census Bureau provides many statistical data sets for ZIP Codes , but does not keep up - to - date datasets of all ZCTAs . Complete datasets providing a similar approximate geographic extent are commercially available . </P> <P> ZIP Codes are inherently discrete data , or point - based data , as they are assigned only at the point of delivery , not the spaces in between the delivery points . The U.S. Census Bureau then interpolates this discrete data set to create polygons , or areal features representing the approximate extent of the ZIP Code to use for mapping and data presentation . ZCTAs are not to be confused with ZIP Codes , and they are not updated as frequently as ZIP Codes . However , for many research and planning purposes , they are very useful and can be used with ZIP Code data . </P> <H3> Marketing ( edit ) </H3> <P> The data is often used in direct mail marketing campaigns in a process called ZIP - code marketing . Point - of - sale cashiers sometimes ask consumers their home ZIP Code . Besides providing purchasing - pattern data useful in determining the location of new\n\nQuestion:\nhow many 5 digit zip codes in the us\n"
},
{
"from": "agent",
"tok_len": null,
"value": "over 42,000"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"tok_len": 1804,
"value": "Answer the question based on the information provided in the document given below. The answer should be a single word or a number or a short phrase of few words\n\nQuestion:\nhow many 5 digit zip codes in the us\n\nDocument:\nin the unincorporated parts of the town of Salem . Further confusion is caused because Silver Lake , Wisconsin , which is also a village in the town of Salem and is of similar size and status to Paddock Lake , has its own ZIP Code and post office . </P> <P> In another case , the U.S. Federal Communications Commission ( FCC ) denied a radio station ( now WNNX FM ) a move requiring a change in its city of license to Sandy Springs , Georgia , largely because it was not a city ( until municipal incorporation in late 2005 ) , despite being the seventh - largest place in the state by population . The FCC cited the use of `` Atlanta '' on letters of support from local organizations , even though the USPS forced them to use Atlanta for 30328 until well after incorporation took effect . Currently `` Sandy Springs '' is only acceptable , despite none of 30328 being in Atlanta , or anywhere else outside the Sandy Springs city limit . This even applies to the ZIP Code used only for PO boxes at the Sandy Springs main post office . </P> <P> Because ZIP Codes and their associated place names can ignore county lines , problems may occur where street addresses are based on quadrant location within a county . For example , 30339 spans over Vinings , Georgia and Atlanta , Georgia , in southeastern Cobb County ; therefore every street address is labeled SE , and has a house number on that county 's grid ( according to the distance from the town square in the county seat ) . However , because the USPS demands the use of Atlanta , Vining 's addresses are written such that they appear to be in southeast Atlanta , instead of in the opposite ( northwest metro Atlanta ) side . </P> Division and reallocation of ZIP Codes ( edit ) <P> Like area codes , ZIP codes are sometimes divided and changed , especially when a rural area becomes suburban . Typically , the new codes become effective once announced , and a grace period ( e.g. , one year ) is provided in which the new and old codes are used concurrently so that postal patrons in the affected area can notify correspondents , order new stationery , etc . </P> <P> In rapidly growing communities , it is sometimes necessary to open a new sectional center facility , which must then be allocated its own three - digit ZIP - code prefix or prefixes . Such allocation can be done in various ways . For example , when a new sectional center facility was opened at Dulles Airport in Virginia , the prefix 201 was allocated to that facility ; therefore , for all post offices to be served by that sectional center facility the ZIP Code changed from an old code beginning with 220 or 221 to a new code or codes beginning with 201 . However , when a new sectional center facility was opened to serve Montgomery County , Maryland , no new prefix was assigned . Instead , ZIP Codes in the 207 and 208 ranges , which had previously been assigned alphabetically , were reshuffled so that 207xx ZIP Codes in the county was changed to 208xx codes , while 208xx codes outside that county were changed to 207xx codes . Because Silver Spring ( whose postal area includes Wheaton ) has its own prefix , 209 , there was no need to apply the reshuffling to Silver Spring ; instead , all mail going to 209xx ZIP Codes was simply rerouted to the new sectional center facility . </P> <P> On the other hand , depopulation may cause a post office to close and its associated ZIP Code to be deallocated . For example , Centralia , Pennsylvania 's ZIP Code , 17927 , was retired in 2002 . </P> <P> Elkins Park , Pennsylvania , was originally issued the 19117 ZIP Code , although it lies in Montgomery County , Pennsylvania . Because of the 191 prefix , which is found only in Philadelphia with that lone exception , auto insurance companies charged higher city premiums to that suburban location . For that reason , residents petitioned the USPS for a 190 - prefix ZIP Code , which is common to the inner - ring Pennsylvania suburbs of that city , and , after several attempts that were initially disapproved by the USPS , Elkins Park was finally reassigned to the 19027 ZIP Code . </P> <P> ZIP Codes also change when postal boundaries are realigned . For example , at the same time at which the above - noted change in Montgomery County , Maryland , took place , and under pressure from then - mayor of Washington , D.C. , Marion Barry , the USPS realigned the postal boundaries between Washington , D.C. and Maryland to match the boundary . Previously , many inner suburbs , such as Bethesda and Takoma Park , Oxon Hill , Temple Hills , Suitland , and Capitol Heights had been in the Washington , D.C. , postal area . As a result of the change , ZIP Codes in Maryland beginning with 200 were changed to new ZIP Codes beginning with 207 , 208 or 209 , depending on their location , and ZIP Codes straddling the D.C. - Maryland line were split . For example , 20016 ( Bethesda ) became 20816 , while the Maryland portion of 20012 ( Takoma Park ) became 20912 . </P> <H2> Other uses ( edit ) </H2> <H3> Delivery Services ( edit ) </H3> <P> Delivery services other than the USPS , such as FedEx , United Parcel Service , and DHL , require a ZIP Code for optimal internal routing of a package . </P> <H3> Statistics ( edit ) </H3> <P> There are over 42,000 ZIP Codes in the United States . ZIP Codes are used not only for tracking of mail but also in gathering geographical statistics in the United States . The U.S. Census Bureau calculates approximate boundaries of ZIP Codes areas , which it calls ZIP Code Tabulation Areas ( ZCTAs ) . Statistical census data is then provided for these approximate areas . The geographic data provided for these areas includes the latitude and longitude of the center - point of the ZCTAs . There are approximately 32,000 ZCTAs . The reason that there is not one ZCTA for every ZIP Code is that PO Boxes are excluded , since only populated areas are included in the Census data . The Census Bureau provides many statistical data sets for ZIP Codes , but does not keep up - to - date datasets of all ZCTAs . Complete datasets providing a similar approximate geographic extent are commercially available . </P> <P> ZIP Codes are inherently discrete data , or point - based data , as they are assigned only at the point of delivery , not the spaces in between the delivery points . The U.S. Census Bureau then interpolates this discrete data set to create polygons , or areal features representing the approximate extent of the ZIP Code to use for mapping and data presentation . ZCTAs are not to be confused with ZIP Codes , and they are not updated as frequently as ZIP Codes . However , for many research and planning purposes , they are very useful and can be used with ZIP Code data . </P> <H3> Marketing ( edit ) </H3> <P> The data is often used in direct mail marketing campaigns in a process called ZIP - code marketing . Point - of - sale cashiers sometimes ask consumers their home ZIP Code . Besides providing purchasing - pattern data useful in determining the location of new\n"
},
{
"from": "agent",
"tok_len": null,
"value": "over 42,000"
}
] |