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However it is not simply those who are traditions away option plans to help you wedding just who declare that the college has started to become outdated. Particular 42% away from worry about-demonstrated conservatives (compared with 38% of liberals and 34% out-of moderates) say a comparable- regardless of if conservatives are not likely than moderates or liberals so you’re able to features ever cohabited. Also the most appropriate of one’s about three ideology communities to say that this new expanding diversity during the members of the family preparations was a good crappy thing.
Gender Positions; Members of the family Money
Back in 1977, survey respondents were almost similarly divided anywhere between individuals who told you marriages be a little more rewarding in the event the spouse produces a living additionally the spouse protects the household and you can youngsters (43%) and those who said marriages work best whenever both partners enjoys services and one another keep up with the home and you may students (48%).
From the 2010, public-opinion managed to move on heavily in favor of the dual money/common housewife model, that have survey participants favoring which layout by 62% in order to 31% over the plan that was far more common 50 years before.
Zero significant subgroup off questionnaire participants likes the newest older model, however be much more disposed like that than others. Eg, 42% regarding self-explained conservatives, 42% out-of Republicans and you will 37% of people age 65 and you can earlier state the standard plan will trigger more satisfying existence.
And additionally, quite far more guys (33%) than female (26%) end up being this way. While the married (35%) much more more likely than the solitary (24%) to say it.
Inspite of the public’s strong taste for the a couple-earner/mutual housewife relationship, the public has never totally abandoned the concept that folks play additional opportunities within the a marriage. In fact, when it comes to contrasting brand new getting power regarding future friends, the general public still has one practical to have potential husbands and you can a beneficial other you to definitely to have upcoming spouses.
Asked essential it’s to have men in an effort to help with a family economically in the event that he would like to wed, fully 67% of your own personal state it is “crucial.” Nevertheless when an identical question is asked about a woman, simply 33% state you will need to.
There are some variations because of the gender within these answers, but they do not change the basic development. Certainly men participants, 70% state men that is about to ily, when you find yourself just 27% say the same on the a woman. Certainly one of women respondents, 64% declare that about one and you can 39% regarding the a woman.
Competition and you will Relationships
You can find large distinctions about question by the battle. Fully 88% out of black respondents (compared to 62% off whites and you will 77% regarding Hispanics) declare that to become able to have ily economically. As well, 50% from black respondents (compared to 47% from Hispanics and you can twenty-eight% regarding whites) declare that a female https://lovingwomen.org/no/polske-kvinner/ can assistance a family group financially to be ready to own matrimony.
In short, blacks certainly are the racial category most tempted to believe financial safety a prerequisite so you can wedding. But, thanks to their apparently lowest median income, of several blacks do not see one pub.
The fresh rates off matrimony in the black colored community mirror this mismatch. Under one-3rd out-of mature blacks (32%) are currently partnered, compared with 50 % of Hispanics and you may 56% regarding whites, predicated on Census Bureau analysis. On the other hand, 44% off blacks have not been married, weighed against just 23% regarding whites. The fresh racial matrimony gap failed to was previously so it large. Within the 1960, 17% off mature blacks and you can fourteen% out of mature whites have been never ever married-a space of merely step 3 fee things.
An equivalent trend applies to education and you may marriage. University students are more almost certainly than those instead a college education to-be hitched now (64% compared to. as much as fifty%). Studying the show ones who’ve never ever married, in the you to definitely-third (32%) from adults with degree and 30% of them with high college training or less have never hitched, compared to just 21% out-of people with a college education. Half a century ago, the reverse is genuine: college or university students was more likely than simply people with high university diploma otherwise smaller getting never been hitched (18% vs.13%). |
That is to say, it’s a major departure from the authoritative air and hard-edged beauty of Singapore – in the best possible way.
The most eventful thing we did in Manila was buy our suits for Trevor’s wedding. I’ll get to that in a follow-up post. But there were some remarkable charms to this place, despite its rough exterior.
For instance, we stayed at a great little hotel/hostel, about a quarter mile from the ocean, called the Buoy. The owner was a domineering asshole, but fortunately we only met him once. His staff, on the other hand, were a delight. The all-female staff of the attached restaurant/bar were especially sweet and great to be around, and this led us to favor the hotel for our near-constant drinking during the few days we were there. We’d sit and drink buckets of beer, and work on this stupid little website we have (maybe you’ve heard of it), and play pool, and hang out with the Buoy girls. We spent a lot of time that way. (Hi girls!)
I’m pleased to report that we also reconnected with our old college pal Cat “I just keep getting prettier” Tolentino. Her family hails from ’round Manila way, so she happened to be there on a vacation. We met a number of her family members, whose names and relationships I forgot as soon as I learned them. Cat was also the one who recommended that we go to Boracay, which turned out to be one of the crazier experiences of our whole trip (post forthcoming).
We also spent some time hanging out with an American ex-military guy named Jack, now living in Cebu, who was absolutely insane. And we were lucky for it – he took us around to places we never would have seen, and told us stories that kept us laughing for days afterward. Jack, if you’re reading this, it was a real pleasure and we hope to see you again down the road.
Enough of the sentimental stuff. Some other distinctions of note for Manila:
- Worst food – Vince and I joked that the Filipino national dish seemed to be an unadorned boiled hotdog on a plate with some rice. (The burger I had at the place we went with Cat was excellent, but that was the exception. And that sucker was like $15.)
- Most McDonald’s eaten (see #1 above)
- Most beer ordered/consumed in bucket form
- Best Wingman Ever (title awarded to Franklin Page). I’m not going to write the story out here. You’ll just have to ask us sometime.
The lovely Buoy Hostel.
Our Digital Nomad Mobile Office™
One of our favorite Buoy staff members, Merlyn.
Merlyn and Cathyrine – our best Buoy friends.
Random hockey game in a shopping mall that Jack took us to.
Headed off to Taipei… |
Our students are everything.
At Mayfield Junior School, we provide a dynamic learning experience in a caring, supportive environment. Each student is encouraged to explore their creativity, build confidence, and discover their unique potential. We purposefully offer a comprehensive whole child educational program centered on preparing students to successfully navigate an ever-changing world. Through active participation, inquiry-based reflection, critical thinking, and global and personal connections, students have the opportunity to develop their individual learning styles. Our talented and passionate faculty engage with students to make the most of every minute of every school day. |
Slapstick Comedy Returns!
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People campaign against communalism started in North Maharastra
People's campaign started in North Maharastra for secularism and democratic rights
After Dhule riots and its expansion in rural areas, Lok Sangharsh Morcha has decided to launch a "people's campaign for secularism and democratic rights". The first phase of campaign would be carried out in three districts of north Maharastra (Dhule, Nandurbar and Jalgaon), which is now targeted by communal forces. These districts of North Maharastra are strategic for Hindutva forces while it is situated at the border of BJP ruled Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh and having dense tribal population. This area was never been riot- prone area because of its glorious tradition of tribal movements led by socialist, gandhian and Marxist forces. But in the recent days due to the lack of social awareness and because of political opportunism of so-called secular parties, RSS, VHP, Bajarang Dal, Shiv Sena and other Hindutvavadi forces have taken the leap to penetrate communal voices in these areas to some extent. Now, they are trying to intensify and speed up its pace of Dhule riots in both rural and urban areas. They are disseminating provoking literatures and leaflets and creating hatred against minorities in tribal areas with the intension of communalizing them. LSM has decided to mobilize Collage students, tribal, workers and peasants, intellectuals, social workers and other like-minded forces as a significant part of the campaign. Logical debates on historical disputes, composite & indigenous culture of our country, concept of pluralism, meaning of secularism, human rights & values, democratic aspirations of people and equality before law etc. topics would be organized by campaign. Link between campaign and mass struggles demanding for basic amenities to the people would be also established. Fake rumors & myths spreading by communal forces would be countered by our campaign.
With the long- standing history of tribal movement in north Maharastra and nearby districts of South Gujarat, Lok Sangharsh Morcha will make a difference in the campaign for combating communal forces, bringing back the situation normal and preventing the replication of riots in future. A people's movement, having the mass-base in rural areas and organic links in urban areas with the strong commitment of secularism and democratic values can certainly play the effective role in this regard as protecting the unity of people and taking forward the struggle against communal and divisive forces.
Dhule district committee of Lok Sangharsh Morcha constituted
In a meeting of several prominent persons participated from Dhule city and rural areas, district committee of LSM was formed on 16th of November at Barve school hall. Meeting was attended by 150 people. Advocate Shajida Shekh was elected as a convener of 15 member district committee of LSM in Dhule. Meeting has decided to start campaigning for restoring peace and harmony of Dhule as well as struggle for job oriented development, equity in education, health facilities and for democratic rights. It was also resolved that the link would be made between rural tribal movement and the urban movements countering the communal forces.
27 & 28th December; regional workshop and mass meeting for integration, harmony and secularism in Dhule
Powerful mobilization for 27 & 28th December regional workshop and mass meeting for integration, harmony and secularism was also planned in the meeting. Dr Asgar Ali Engineer, Ram Puniyani, (Chairman & gen. Secretary, All India Secular Forum), V.N. Rai (Vice Chancellor, Mahatma Gandhi University Wardha ), film star Amol Palekar are the main invitees for the meeting. |
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This is good but for some reason I can't get the theme from "Deliverance" out of my head. (H/T Thoughts of a Regular Guy)
"I know thy works, that thou art neither cold, nor hot. I would thou wert cold, or hot. But because thou art lukewarm, and neither cold, nor hot, I will begin to vomit thee out of my mouth." Revelation 3:15-16 |
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Satisfying sexual requirements is an extremely essential section of modern life. But gays are representatives of intimate minorities. Some difficulty is had by them. This relates, for instance, to find intimate lovers. Therefore, gay relationship is rare and unconventional. Plus some people, as a whole, cannot find a partner when you look at the real-world.
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Satisfying intimate requirements is a tremendously crucial section of contemporary life. But gays are representatives of sexual minorities. They usually have some difficulty. This applies, as an example, to look for intimate partners. Consequently, gay relationship is uncommon and unconventional. Plus some individuals, as a whole, cannot find a partner into the world that is real
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The Direct Discussion About Intercourse
This really is the same much like templates. In the event that you begin chatting from a template (for instance, “hi, am I able to introduce myself?”) then you’ll definitely seem like an idiot. And you may never continue the conversation with this person if you start talking from sexy jokes. You could begin a discussion by having a conversation of hobbies. Such a newbie regarding the discussion is quite benign. It does not create a negative response from the complete complete stranger.
Gay hookup web internet sites offer lot of opportunities for interaction. Some body likes communication and smiles. Someone straight away really wants to chat by way of a cam. The borders of the states are erased and you can get acquainted with foreigners at the same time. Usually do not make any remarks that are intercourseual sex jokes. You shall see if the partner becomes devoted to you.
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Strategies for the profile that is best on Gay Hookup web web Sites
Somebody is approaching dating that is online. And some body really wants to flake out and now have intercourse. In virtually any full instance, you need to understand your expectations. Looking for genuine love? Would you like to take to? But, in almost any instance, you have to create a profile on the website.
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The impression that Russian dating apps is first important, particularly when some body talks about your picture and it is willing to see you once again. So that your picture possesses big value. It’s not bad if you add a couple of other, diverse pictures towards the primary one.
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Gay hookup web sites give hope, but could frequently hurt. Chatting on the net is okay. Nonetheless it’s safer to arrange a relationship when you both feel sympathy for every other. As you can speak about everything and never ever satisfy in genuine life.
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Getting a Good Woman to Get married to
Sunday, August 15th, 2021
When you’re searching for a good girl to get married to, there are seven things to take into account. First, the girl should be enthusiastic about you, your dreams, and your plans for your life. Your woman should be happy to compromise and accept other people’s perceptions. Second, she need to be compassionate and understanding. An effective woman to marry needs to be open to discussing https://mybeautifulbride.net/rating/anastasiadate challenges and her partner’s family. In the event that she has these types of qualities, she’ll be a very good wife.
Third, she should be honest and caring. An excellent wife is actually open to your emotions and is never timid. A happy wife is a cheerful wife. The two features are the first step toward a happy marital relationship. Lastly, this lady should be a good listener. You ought to have at least one chat per day with her. The main topic of conversation does not matter, yet it’s important to include regular conversation with her. She should also be open to you and be aware of the needs you have.
As far as abiliyy goes, you need to find a woman who stocks and shares your areas and will also be honest along. If you are available to a woman’s emotions, she’ll are more likely to work as a good wife. Having a positive mindset will likewise make your relationship successful. The future wife might appreciate your time and energy and take pleasure in you unconditionally. You should also boost the comfort and qualified. Once you have these traits, your will be faster and easier.
The most important attributes to look for within a woman happen to be honesty and caring. A lady with these types of qualities has to be good better half. She will not try to hide anything from you and will be a loyal partner. A marriage which has these two qualities is likely to be happy and good. This will make certain you and your near future wife contain a long and satisfying marriage. So , preserve these features in mind as you may search for the ideal woman to marry. Get already started the process of finding the right woman to marry. So , start looking nowadays!
A good girl will be someone you can go out with. She needs to be kind and able to express her emotions. She needs to be open to your ideas and support your choices. You should have something in common with her, of course, if she may, she’ll be a good better half. It’s important to find a girl who’s likeminded. Having a mind increases your chances of accomplishment in a matrimony.
Another vital quality in a good girl to get married to is definitely her frame of mind. She must be easy to converse with and care about you. Whenever she reveals her gratitude for your efforts and her feelings, your girl will be a better wife. Your lover should be a very good example for everyone. She also needs to share very similar values and beliefs with you. You should be allowed to communicate with her easily and she ought to show interest in you.
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Whether your Veterans Affairs (VA) claim or appeal is likely to succeed or not, the wait can be painful. Wear and tear from military service, combat injuries and accidents on the job can create agony that won't wait for an answer from the VA. If you're waiting for a response or working on a new appeal, don't assume that you need to suffer or spend lots of money out of pocket to make the situation better. Keep a few services and options in mind as you wait for the VA's decision and be prepared no matter the outcome.
The VA Clinic Welcome You
When you filed your first VA claim, you should have been called in for a visit to a local VA facility. If everything went right, you should have been enrolled in VA healthcare services before leaving the VA facility.
Veterans involved in VA claims as of 2014 are told about the new VA identification card that allows easier identification and some civilian-based clinic care depending on what benefits you qualify for.
The card helps by making veteran identification easier, but the attached benefits have been part of the system for many years. Between major military campaigns, a "lost generation" of sorts exists that may not learn of certain services.
If you've been waiting on an appeal or stopped trying before these new services arrived, you can enjoy the new benefits by confirming your eligibility for benefits on this information page. Although there are multiple categories and exceptions, the basic benefits are given to veterans with an honorable discharge.
If you need cold medication or a medical checkup because of a strange feeling or many other forms of medical assistance not related to surgery, you can walk into the VA to receive assistance. The downside of this service is that there are long wait times at some clinics, which means appointments could take weeks while walk-in visits may take hours for the main doctor consultation.
A Lawyer Can Help You Expand Services
With access tot he VA clinic, you can do a bit of extra research about your VA claim. Set appointments that are related to the problems listed on your complaint in order to get new evidence in the form of examination results.
Eventually, you may need a second opinion. The VA may not be able to give you referral if you're not having an emergency, but a lawyer can help you push through the VA's resistance. By outlining your need for medical care and negotiating with VA officials, a personal injury lawyer can organize a team of medical professionals that can develop the evidence you need for a successful claim.
The need for a lawyer in this case is unfortunate, but the long wait times related to VA services means that you may need to get aggressive to get the attention you need. Once you have the attention, your lawyer can work on designing a new appeal or adding additional information that may be more likely to succeed. Contact a personal injury lawyer to begin planning strategies for better medical treatment and a more robust VA injury claim. |
In conclusion, finding the perfect school bag and lunch bag set for girls is a combination of style, functionality, comfort, and sustainability. Take the time to explore the range of options available, involving your daughter in the decision-making process. Prioritize durability and size to ensure the bags can accommodate all the necessary supplies, without compromising on comfort. Safety features such as reflectivity and water resistance should not be overlooked, as they contribute to the overall functionality of the sets. Finally, by choosing environmentally friendly options, you can teach your daughter about the importance of being conscious of our ecological footprint. With careful consideration and selection, your daughter will have a school bag and lunch bag set that not only meets her needs but also reflects her unique personality and style.
Insulation bags can be divided into two types, one is for personal and family use, that is, lunch bags commonly used for field trips and car trips, and the other is used in industrial and service industries, such as fresh milk companies, red wine companies and institutions, and so on. According to the structure, the industrial insulation bag can be divided into three layers, from the outside to the inside are strong tensile Oxford cloth, super-dense insulation cotton and aluminum foil bonded non-woven fabric, and the bottom is a very high-density extruded board with good thermal insulation and pressure resistance. enhance the load-bearing and heat preservation effect of the whole insulation bag.
Furthermore, black lunch bags are often crafted from durable materials, ensuring they can withstand daily wear and tear. These bags are designed to last, allowing them to accompany teen girls throughout their school years or even on various adventures beyond the classroom. With proper care, a quality black lunch bag can become an enduring companion.
But the Hello Kitty lunch bag is more than just a charming accessory. It can also be an educational tool for your toddler girl to develop important skills. Encouraging independence, the lunch bag empowers your child to take responsibility for their meals by packing and unpacking their lunch. This simple task fosters a sense of accomplishment and self-sufficiency.
One of the primary reasons behind the growing popularity of large lunch bags among working women is their spaciousness. These bags are designed to accommodate an abundant amount of food and snacks, ensuring that women can enjoy a satisfying meal during their hectic work schedules. With sufficient space, women no longer have to compromise on their nutritional needs or settle for less when it comes to their lunches. |
Exploring Kavre, and particularly the Balthali Eco Hill Resort, offers a rich cultural experience immersed in the local heritage. Kavre, known for its diverse ethnic communities, showcases a tapestry of traditions, art, and rituals. Guests at Balthali Eco Hill Resort have the opportunity to engage with the local culture through organized cultural programs, where traditional music, dance, and performances bring the region's vibrant history to life. The resort itself, nestled in the heart of this culturally rich area, incorporates local architectural elements and artistic touches, providing a genuine sense of place. Visitors can partake in cultural excursions to nearby villages, interacting with locals and witnessing age-old practices. Additionally, the resort may offer workshops on traditional crafts or culinary experiences, allowing guests to delve deeper into the authentic cultural fabric of Kavre.
This cultural immersion, coupled with the breathtaking natural surroundings, makes Balthali Eco Hill Resort a unique destination that seamlessly blends cultural exploration with the beauty of the Himalayan landscape.
Trip Cost Includes
Trip Cost Does Not Include |
Adversary Proceedings are not that common in bankruptcy cases but when they do happen, you will want a professional with experience handling Adversary Proceedings. The process is a very unique and only used in bankruptcy cases. Adversary Proceedings are not the same as a state collection court action or a Federal District Court complaints. Rather, the Adversary Proceeding is a specialized complaint with specific rules to follow that only experienced attorneys know how to manage.
What does an Adversary Proceedings do? In general, Adversary Proceedings are complaints filed in Chapter 7 or Chapter 11 cases alleging that a debt should be non-dischargeable pursuant to 11 U.S.C §523 or 11 U.S.C §727 or other qualified legal liability. These claims are brought by a creditor in the case because the creditor believes that the debtor received money or services from the creditor due to misrepresentation, fraud and etc. The general concept is that it would be wrong for the debtor to be allowed to discharge the debt because of the alleged bad acts that the debtor committed.
The Phillips Law Offices, LLC provides both Plaintiff and Defense services in Adversary Proceedings:
Creditors often think that there is nothing that can be done once a debtor files a bankruptcy case in order to collect a debt. If the debtor has acted in bad faith in order to ascertain the debt, creditors have a lot of rights to pursue the debtor, including filing an Adversary Proceeding. Many collection attorneys only understand state court proceedings and do not understand the opportunities for a creditor in filing an Adversary Proceeding against the debtor. Creditors need seasoned bankruptcy attorneys like the Phillips Law Offices, LLC to file an Adversary Proceeding for it is a unique process that many state collection lawyers simply are not equipped or experienced enough to handle. It is important to remember that Adversary Proceedings can allow creditors protection from discharge of the entire debt the debtor owes plus any interest that the creditors are entitled too.
Debtors who are sued by a creditor in an Adversary Proceeding need to be concern and do need to defend themselves. Many attorneys who file bankruptcy cases do not know or have the experience in defending Adversary Proceedings. Debtors will need a firm like the Phillips Law Offices, LLL to properly defend them against these actions. Debtor can face if the Adversary Proceeding is successful non-dischargeability of a debt or even more serious a complete denial of their bankruptcy case for life. Either way, creditors will still be entitled to collect on the debt owed by the debtors.
Stakes are extremely high with Adversary Proceedings for either creditors or debtors. The Phillips Law Offices, LLC experience in bringing Adversary Proceedings and defending Adversary Proceedings will increase the margin of success in dealing with these high stakes. |
Welcome to the world of IELTS coaching centers in Dhaka, Bangladesh! IELTS (International English Language Testing System) is a globally recognized test of English language proficiency, which is required for admission to universities, immigration, and work purposes. Dhaka, being the capital city of Bangladesh, has numerous IELTS coaching centers that offer high-quality training to individuals who want to attain a decent score in the test. In this article, we will investigate some of the top IELTS coaching centers in Dhaka, Bangladesh, and provide you with essential information about their features, facilities, and benefits. Whether you are a beginner or an experienced candidate, this guide will help you choose the correct coaching center to attain your IELTS objectives. Here are 10 best IELTS coaching centers:
The British Council IELTS is a globally recognized language proficiency exam used to measure the capacity of non-native English speakers to communicate in the English language. It is scored on a band scale and is available in two formats: Academic and General Training. The British Council IELTS exam is a globally recognized English language proficiency exam that is accessible to all candidates and recognized by over 10,000 organizations worldwide. It’s One of the Best IELTS Coaching Centers in Bangladesh.
Next Step IELTS provides exam preparation services for the IELTS in Bangladesh, including IELTS classes, practice exams, and individual coaching. It is staffed by experienced teachers and instructors familiar with the test and its requirements. Next Step IELTS is a valuable resource for students in Bangladesh seeking to improve their language skills and achieve their goals. It’s One of the Best IELTS Coaching Centers in Bangladesh.
St. John’s IELTS is an internationally recognized English language proficiency test designed to assess the language abilities of non-native speakers. It consists of four sections: Listening, Reading, Writing, and Speaking. Results are available within 13 days. St. John’s IELTS is an internationally recognized English language proficiency test used by universities, employers, and immigration authorities to assess the language abilities of non-native speakers. It’s One of the Best IELTS Coaching Centers in Bangladesh.
The SALT Lab IELTS is an advanced language technology lab that specializes in the development of automated systems for the evaluation of English proficiency, particularly for non-native speakers of English preparing for the IELTS examination. The SALT Lab IELTS is a world-class research institute dedicated to the development of advanced language technologies for English proficiency evaluation. It’s One of the Best IELTS Coaching Centers in Bangladesh.
IELTS Spirit is a highly reputed coaching center in Dhaka, Bangladesh that provides top-quality IELTS coaching and has helped numerous students achieve their desired scores. IELTS Spirit is a highly respected coaching center in Dhaka, Bangladesh that provides top-quality coaching and guidance to students preparing for the IELTS exam. It’s One of the Best IELTS Coaching Centers in Bangladesh.
BARC offers IELTS preparation courses, counseling, and cultural immersion programs to assist students and professionals in the UK and US. The courses are taught by experienced instructors and have a limited class size, allowing for personalized attention and feedback. BARC’s IELTS courses include practice tests, feedback sessions, flexible and customizable formats, counseling sessions, and cultural immersion programs to help students prepare for IELTS. It’s One of the Best IELTS Coaching Centers in Bangladesh.
FutureEd English is a language institution in Dhaka, Bangladesh that provides IELTS training and other English language courses to students and professionals. The IELTS preparation program is taught by experienced instructors and includes practice tests and individual feedback. FutureEd English is a prominent language institution in Dhaka, Bangladesh that offers high-quality language education to students and professionals, including IELTS preparation and other English language courses. It’s One of the Best IELTS Coaching Centers in Bangladesh.
The British Language Club & IELTS Center in Bangladesh provides high-quality English language training to students and professionals, including IELTS preparation courses, spoken English courses, business English courses, and customized training programs for corporate clients. It employs highly qualified and experienced instructors with extensive experience teaching English as a foreign language. The British Language Club & IELTS Center offers high-quality courses, experienced instructors, modern facilities, and extracurricular activities to enhance English language skills. It’s One of the Best IELTS Coaching Centers in Bangladesh.
WINGS Learning Centre offers comprehensive training programs for IELTS aspirants, including a conventional classroom program, an online program, and a one-on-one coaching program. The institute’s educators use a student-centered approach to teaching, providing students with a comprehensive and varied learning experience. WINGS Learning Centre offers an online and one-on-one coaching program to help students improve their English language skills and achieve their desired IELTS scores. It’s One of the Best IELTS Coaching Centers in Bangladesh.
Mentors’ IELTS provides high-quality training for IELTS candidates, including classroom-based and online options, personalized attention from instructors, opportunities to improve language skills, and extensive resources to support learning. It has a strong reputation for generating successful IELTS candidates. Mentors’ IELTS offers high-quality training, personalized attention, resources, and opportunities to enhance English language skills for academic or professional purposes. It’s One of the Best IELTS Coaching Centers in Bangladesh.
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Vaisampayana said, "One day, the great Rishi Lomasa in course of his wanderings, went to the abode of Indra, desirous of beholding the lord of the celestials. And the great Muni, having approached the chief of the gods, bowed to him respectfully. And he beheld the son of Pandu occupying half of the seat of Vasava. And worshipped by the great Rishis, that foremost of Brahmanas sat on an excellent seat at the desire of Sakra. And beholding Arjuna seated on Indra's seat, the Rishi began to think as to how Arjuna who was a Kshatriya had attained to the seat of Sakra himself. What acts of merit had been performed by him and what regions, had been conquered by him (by ascetic merit), that he had obtained a seat that was worshipped by the gods themselves? And as the Rishi was employed with these thoughts, Sakra, the slayer of Vritra, came to know of them. And having known them, the lord of Sachi addressed Lomasa with a smile and said, 'Listen, O Brahmarshi, about what is now passing in thy mind. This one is no mortal though he hath taken his birth among men. O great Rishi, the mighty-armed hero is even my son born of Kunti. He hath come hither, in order to acquire weapons for some purpose. Alas! dost thou not recognise him as an ancient Rishi of the highest merit? Listen to me, O Brahamana, as I tell thee who is and why he hath come to me. Those ancient and excellent Rishis who were known by the names of Nara and Narayana are, know, O Brahmana, none else than Hrishikesa and Dhananjaya. And those Rishis, celebrated throughout the three worlds, and known by the names of Nara and Narayana have, for the accomplishment of a
certain purpose, been born on earth--for the acquisition of virtue. That sacred asylum which even gods and illustrious Rishis are not competent to behold, and which is known throughout the world by the name of Vadari, and situate by the source of the Ganga, which is worshipped by the Siddhas and the Charanas, was the abode, O Brahmana, of Vishnu and Jishnu. Those Rishis of blazing splendour have, O Brahmarshi, at my desire, been born on earth, and endued with mighty energy, will lighten the burden thereof. Besides this, there are certain Asuras known as Nivatakavachas, who, proud of the boon they have acquired, are employed in doing us injuries. Boastful of their strength, they are even now planning the destruction of the gods, for, having received a boon, they no longer regard the gods. Those fierce and mighty Danavas live in the nether regions. Even all the celestials together are incapable of fighting with them. The blessed Vishnu--the slayer of Madhu--he, indeed who is known on earth as Kapila, and whose glance alone, O exalted one, destroyed the illustrious sons of Sagara, when they approached him with loud sounds in the bowels of the earth,--that illustrious and invincible Hari is capable, O Brahmana of doing us a great service. Either he or Partha or both may do us that great service, without doubt. Verily as the illustrious Hari had slain the Nagas in the great lake, he, by sight alone, is capable of slaying those Asuras called the Nivatakavachas, along with their followers. But the slayer of Madhu should not be urged when the task is insignificant. A mighty mass of energy that he is. It swelleth to increasing proportions, it may consume the whole universe. This Arjuna also is competent to encounter them all, and the hero having slain them in battle, will go back to the world of men. Go thou at my request to earth. Thou wilt behold the brave Yudhishthira living in the woods of Kamyaka. And for me tell thou the virtuous Yudhishthira of unbaffled prowess in battle, that he should not be anxious on account of Phalguna, for that hero will return to earth a thorough master of weapons, for without sanctified prowess of arms, and without skill in weapons, he would not be able to encounter Bhishma and Drona and others in battle. Thou wilt also represent unto Yudhishthira that the illustrious and mighty-armed Gudakesa, having obtained weapons, hath also mastered the science of celestial dancing and music both instrumental and vocal. And thou wilt also tell him, O king of men, O slayer of foes, thyself also, accompanied by all thy brothers, should see the various sacred shrines. For having bathed in different sacred waters, thou wilt be cleansed from thy sins, and the fever of thy heart will abate. And then thou wilt be able to enjoy thy kingdom, happy in the thought that thy sins have been washed off. And, O foremost of Brahmanas, endued with ascetic power, it behoveth thee also to protect Yudhishthira during his wandering over the earth. Fierce Rakshasas ever live in mountain fastnesses and rugged steppes. Protect thou the king from those cannibals.'
"After Mahendra had spoken thus unto Lomasa, Vibhatsu also reverently addressed that Rishi, saying, 'Protect thou ever the son of Pandu. O best of men, let the king, O great Rishi, protected by thee, visit the various places of pilgrimage and give away unto Brahmanas in charity.'"
Vaisampayana continued, "The mighty ascetic Lomasa, having answered both saying, 'So be it,' set out for the earth, desirous of arriving at Kamvaka. And having arrived at those woods, he beheld the slayer of foes and son of Kunti, king Yudhishthira the just, surrounded by ascetics and his younger brothers." |
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Welcome to Bhutan Red Chillis Tours and Travels
Bhutan is a landlocked mountainous country in the eastern Himalaya. To the north lies China and to its south is India. It is a country roughly the size of Switzerland with a population of nearly seven hundred thousand. People of the north and central parts of Bhutan belong to the mongoloid race while the people from the south belong to the Aryan race. Buddhism and Hinduism are two major religions practiced by the people of the land though other religious beliefs are gaining grounds too. The hereditary monarchy of the past has given way to the democratic constitutional monarchy of the present. Dzongkha is its national language. “Gho” and “Kira” are the national dresses worn by men and women respectively.
Bhutan is a must visit holiday destination for people who are in search of real peace and solitude. It is also an emerald paradise for the seekers of wilderness and wild adventures. The land is proud of the world highest unclimbed peak, its rich floral and faunal diversity, culture like nowhere else and architecture and cuisines which are indeed unique. Another popular brand made in Bhutan is GNH or Gross National Happiness which is the country’s guiding development philosophy-the brainchild of the fourth king. For all these reasons Bhutan is indeed a must visit place on earth.
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Get Your Airline Ticket
Book your air tickets from anywhere. Once you received confirmation email you can process a
Enjoy The Holidays
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Welcome to Bhutan – the Land of the Thunder Dragon – one of the most sought after travel destinations today.
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(UPDATE: Voting has been opened to the general public via Venues Today‘s Facebook page. If you’re visiting its page via a mobile device, it’s recommended you vote at this link. Voting ends on Friday, May 9.) It’s time to vote for the 2014 Women of Influence awa
I’m a huge fan of the TV show Portlandia, so when I found out that this year’s VenueConnect takes place in the city where the dream of the 90s is still alive, I got super excited. After the conference, should I go to the feminist bookstore first? Buy some vintage clothes?
Arcade Fire played in a warehouse in Brooklyn late last year and loved how it felt. That’s when the group turned to its tour production manager, Richard Stembridge, and asked, “How can we take an arena and make it feel like a club?” One way he did that was to lower t
Stress is nothing to laugh about, except that you should. A new study by researchers at Loma Linda University in California shows that laughter can reduce stress by decreasing the hormone cortisol. Excessive cortisol levels can damage your ability to learn and memorize. The researcher
IAVM is offering a free one-hour webinar about the Mentor Connector Program on Tuesday, April 29, from 2-3 p.m. (CDT). You are invited and encouraged to participate, especially if you are participating in the program this year or if you are just curious about how the program works. Re |
Which Premiership player has scored the most goals without winning an international cap?
Certainly for some time it was Kevin Campbell, who also appeared on a list originally published by the Guardian, of the 10 best players in the Premier League never to get a full cap.
I’m not sure if Campbell’s record has been overtaken but I am sure he still is up there as one of the players who scored a lot and never got a cap.
But despite his work in winning the 1991 title he is not, it seems to me, that fondly remembered at Arsenal – which is a shame because he did make a valuable contribution, especially to that league championship.
Kevin Campbell scored 76 Premiership goals for Arsenal. He was born 4 February 1970 who played for Arsenal, Nottm Forest, Everton and WBA, as well as Trabzonspor, Leyton Orient, Leicester City and Cardiff City.
He signed for Arsenal in 1985 and made his debut in the first team against Everton in an end of season outing on 7 May 1988.
Having been a top scorer in the youth team he showed his ability again in 1989 on loan with Orient, with nine goals in 16, but after a few starts in 1989-90 he went to Leicester on loan before breaking into the Arsenal team near the end of the campaign, joining in the championship winning 1990/1 season, scoring eight in ten.
Arsenal then signed Ian Wright in 1991 but Campbell stayed in the team making 22 league starts and 9 appearances as a sub that season with 13 goals. He was also part of the FA Cup and League Cup double. In 1993/4 he had his best goal scoring season getting 19 in all competitions and won the Cup Winners’ Cup, but in 1994/5 despite 19 starts and four appearances as a sub in the league he only got four goals. The management changed, John Hartson and Dennis Bergkamp turned up and that was that.
He made his last appearance for us on his birthday on 4 February 1995 in Sheffield Wednesday 3 Arsenal 1. He had played 224 times for Arsenal, scoring 59 goals in all major competitions.
So in the summer break of 1995 he was sold to Nottingham Forest who were European Champions. The side were relegated and promoted back during his three years there.
He then went to Trabzonspor but only stayed seven months, getting what was at the time the inevitable racist attacks on him. Indeed remembering that era I recall thinking, “did no one tell him that is what happened in Turking football?” It is reported that the club president was among those engaging in rampant racism.
He returned to England to sign for Everton in March 1999 on loan – later turned into a permanent deal. To seemingly everyone’s surprise, after not scoring in this first two games he got nine goals in the next seven. At the same moment Francis Jeffers came to life for Everton, and the partnership was a huge success – albeit for a very short while.
But still he became the club captain but he started to be hampered by injuries, and once more seemed to be fading out as a player until David Moyes reactivated his career in 2002/3 – before replacing Campbell with Marcus Bent as the solo striker – and ultimately discovering Wayne Rooney.
Campbell is still highly regarded in Everton circles, although his goal totals there were not huge (but he was their top scorer several times, once with just ten goals.)
In January 2005 Campbell went to WBA as club captain and helped them avoid relegation. However they did go down the following season and he moved on to Cardiff in the Championship in August 2006. He scored but one goal for them in the Welsh Cup against Carmarthen Town, and played his last game on 20 February 2007: Cardiff v WBA.
Since retirement he has owned a record label, appeared on Sky Sports and Premier League TV stations in Asia, and run a security company.
Overall for Arsenal he played 124 league games, made 42 appearances as sub, and scored 46 goals. Although he never hit the absolute heights for Arsenal, he’ll always be remembered (at least in the Arsenal History Society) for his work in helping us to the title in the 1990/1 season. |
I wish that batteries would improve, especially for cell cellphones.
It feels love every successive new model of the major smartphones available are consistently maxing out limits of what new battery technology can achieve.
As soon as they get a better battery that lasts longer, the cellphone engineers utilize the additional capacity plus then your cellphone has the same battery performance as the previous one. I realize that there is a tradeoff between features plus battery performance. That’s why our Chromebook has a 10 hour battery life, as it runs as a lite-version of a normal ipad. Since I just need it for internet plus typing, it’s a phenomenal unit for how cheap it was. Cannabis vaporizer pens are similar when it comes to batteries. A basic oil cartridge can run on a pen battery without much trouble. It only needs more than one to more than three volts of electricity to get a nice vaporized hit of cannabis oil. However, dab pens need more watts because the concentrate needs to be decarboxylated first, which requires more power. And to get a strong plus dense vapor, you’re also going to need more watts. That’s why you see those big looking batteries for the vaporizer atomizers that can handle concentrates love bubble hash plus live rosin. The cannabis cartridge products are easy enough to run on the cheap batteries as long as you match them with a battery that will recognize them, otherwise they’re extremely finicky. That’s one reason I switched to dabbing cannabis concentrates plus quit buying cannabis vaporizer cartridges. My sibling prefers the pre-filled cartridges because they already have the cannabis oil ready to go, making it much easier than dabbing. |
I have complications with anxiety.
- I get especially stressed when I drive in heavy traffic or inclement weather.
I don’t care about worrying about following instruction or finding a parking site. I start to sweat, clench my teeth as well as guess a dull pain radiate down my spine. I am sad about getting lost as well as getting into an accident. I try to avoid driving to uncorrect endpoints as well as taking major highways. If there is any occasion of heavy rains, snow flurries or icy pavement, I refuse to drive. I suppose my fears are caused by terrible experiences. I’ve been involved in many accidents. I’ve lost control of my vehicle during a Winter time blizzard as well as slid off the road. It helps that I work from home. I rarely need to drive somewhere other than to visit friends or family. I can shop for everything from groceries as well as cleaning supplies to furniture online as well as have the items delivered right to my door. I am especially relieved that the closest cannabis dispensary also includes delivery service. I manage my anxiety by smoking flower as well as consuming edibles. In the evening, after work, lighting up a joint is good for mellowing out. If I guess a panic attack coming on, I take a seat on my patio, light up as well as work my way through it; My self-destructive thoughts often make it difficult to sleep. I care about indicas in the form of beverages. I drink a cannabis-infused cola, tonic, lemonade or add a tincture to my root beer before bed as well as sleep much better, and having my choice of cannabis delivered to my door alleviates a good deal of problems for me. |
Insights into my 2022 paper “Interdependence of Growth, Structure, Size and Resource Consumption of the Economy”
December 5, 2021
Carey W. King
This blog summarizes outcomes from my most recent publication:
King, Carey W. (2022) Interdependence of Growth, Structure, Size and Resource Consumption During an Economic Growth Cycle, Biophysical Economics and Sustainability, volume 7, Article number: 1. Free online access: website link and pdf.
The purpose of this paper is to discuss the dynamic interdependencies among growth, size, and structure of an economy using outputs from an updated version of the Human and Resources with MONEY (HARMONEY) model that was published in 2020. This new version is HARMONEY v1.1.
Because of its structure, the HARMONEY model helps “narrow the differences” between economic and ecological viewpoints, which as the late Martin Weitzmann suggested, provides value by creating enhanced understanding of economic dynamics. That is to say, because the model simultaneously tracks physical and monetary stocks and flows, by including physical resources and constraints along with macroeconomic accounting and debt, HARMONEY speaks the language of both economists and physical and natural scientists.
I summarize the following insights from the paper:
- Insight #1: Efficiency begets more consumption and accumulation, not less (Jevons Paradox)
- Insight #2: Economy Shows Same Energy-Size Scaling as Biological Growth
- Insight #3: Enhanced Interpretation of Decoupling Resource Consumption from GDP
- Insight #4: Labor (wage share) vs. Capital (capital share) vs. Resource Consumption Tradeoff
- Insight #5: Evolution of Economic Structure and Complexity
See below for “How the Model Works” and of course you can read the full paper for free.
Insight #1: Efficiency begets more consumption and accumulation, not less (Jevons Paradox)
One of the frustrating aspects of reading most journal papers and discussions of economic modeling is the treatment of the concept of energy efficiency. Given the HARMONEY v1.1 assumption that higher profits translate to increased investment, increasing energy efficiency clearly enables increased natural resource depletion (Fig. 1a), while enabling the economy to achieve higher resource extraction rates (Fig. 1b), population (Fig. 1c), capital accumulation (Fig. 1d), and net output (or GDP, not shown). In other words, the HARMONEY model supports the Jevons Paradox, or backfire effect, in that higher fuel efficiency in operating capital increases overall economic size and consumption. This theoretical finding is consistent with studies supporting the evidence for a strong rebound effect, as well as the general observation that over the course of industrialization to date, the human economy has indeed invented and employed more efficient processes while at the same time consumed more energy decade to decade.
Figure 1. HARMONEY shows how increased resource efficiency of capital (e.g., as fuel) enables more growth and resource depletion.
Insight #2: Economy Shows Same Energy-Size Scaling as Biological Growth
Figure 2 (Figure 4 in the paper) demonstrates an additional explanation of the relationship between natural resources consumption and growth by making an explicit comparison to biological growth. Figure 2a compares a typical metabolism versus mass trend (for a cow starting from birth per West et al. 2001) to corresponding results from the HARMONEY model. Here I’m explicitly comparing two things.
First, an animal’s metabolism compares to the natural resources consumption in HARMONEY, and to total primary energy consumption in the real world data: animal metabolism compares to economy energy consumption.
Second, animal mass compares to physical capital (like cars and buildings) in the economy: animal mass compares to economic (physical) capital. In the real economy there is a problem with adding up all the capital, but that is a much-discussed longer story, so I won’t go into that here. Thus, most existing studies that make the economic-biological growth comparison plot primary energy versus gross domestic product (GDP), which is not as consistent of a comparison. However, in HARMONEY, capital is a well-defined concept that can be summed consistently so I plot resource consumption versus both capital and GDP.
Figure 2a displays curves for an animal (e.g., a cow) total metabolic power and basal metabolic power, scaling with mass to the 0.5 and 0.75 power, respectively. The difference between “total” and “basal” is the metabolic power allocated to growth of new mass (shown at the bottom of the chart). One important point is that most organisms grow only to a certain size, with the trajectory of Fig. 2a moving up and to the right, eventually stopping at some point (indicated by the big red dot). The HARMONEY scenarios (assuming full cost pricing) show the same type of trajectory.
Figure 2. A comparison of patterns between (a) biological growth (metabolism and mass) and (b and c) economic growth (natural resources consumption and (b) capital and (c) GDP.
Figures 2b and 2c show the full cost pricing simulation for HARMONEY to compare to biological growth. Just like in growth of an animal, the economy grows until a point at which it stops and remains at a steady state value of resource extraction, GDP, and capital. Also, total and “basal” metabolism (for animals) and resource consumption (for the economy) come together at the end of growth (which is pretty much the definition of the end of growth).
Figure 2c shows the gray line from a simulation which assumes increases in resource efficiency of capital (like fuel efficiency, same as results in Figure 1). Again, you can see that the final values of GDP and resource consumption rates are higher if the economy can operate capital at higher efficiency. We can also see that the resource extraction scales pretty similarly to both capital and GDP. It is an open question as to how insightful it is to relate economic metabolism to GDP instead of capital; perhaps both are useful.
Insight #3: Enhanced Interpretation of Decoupling Resource Consumption from GDP
This paper has much to say on the issue of relative decoupling defined as increasing GDP faster than increasing resources consumption. Decoupling can be envisioned by plotting data as in Figure 3 which shows the growth rate (e.g., the rate of increase) of energy and resources consumption versus the growth rate of GDP. Global data use real gross world product (GWP) and global primary energy consumption.
Figure 3. (a) Global data showing the growth rate of primary energy consumption versus growth rate of real gross world product. (b) Comparable data from the HARMONEY model for growth rate of resources consumption versus growth rate of GDP.
Relative decoupling occurs when the growth rate data are below the 1:1 sloped line, in the shaded area (Figure 4).
Figure 4. Relative decoupling occurs when the growth rate data are below the 1:1 sloped line, in the shaded area.
Figure 5 shows that both the global data and the HARMONEY simulations show the same temporal trend which is to move in a clockwise direction in the figure. First the both energy and resources consumption increases at nearly the same rate as GDP, and they both increase growth rates (which is to say grow faster over time). This is to say the growth rates move up and to the right along the 1:1 line. Second, once growth rates no longer increase, they move down and to the left into the relative decoupling zone. For the global data since the mid-1970s, GWP has grown at about 3%/year and primary energy consumption at about 2%/year.
Figure 5. Both the (a) global data and (b) HARMONEY simulations show the same clockwise trend over time.
One important interpretation of this trend in growth rates goes against how most people think of the role of energy efficiency in relative decoupling. A common interpretation of relative decoupling is that it occurs because the economy becomes more efficient in its consumption of energy in producing the goods and services of which GDP is composed. However, when the HARMONEY model results reside in the decoupling zone, there is no change in any parameters of the model that can be associated with resource efficiency! In fact, the opposite is the case: due to resource depletion, in the relative decoupling phase the dominant feedback is one of decreasing efficiency in that more resource consumption is required to extract a higher rate of resources.
The HARMONEY model moves from the 1:1 “full coupling” line to the relative decoupling zone because the GDP and resources consumption can no longer increase at increasingly high rates. That is to say, not only does a stage of relative decoupling occur during periods with no perceivable increase in device energy efficiency, the shift to this stage of growth is evidence for limits to growth, not evidence against limits to growth. In HARMONEY v1.1, resource limits eventually constrain growth to go slower, and eventually go to zero, due to the definition of the forest-like natural resource in the model.
However, this is not to say that increasing resource efficiency is completely unassociated with higher levels of relative decoupling. Figure 6 shows that increasing the resource consumption efficiency of machines, the economy can move more deeply into a state of relative decoupling.
Figure 6. HARMONEY results highlighting that while relative decoupling is not definitively associated with increasing resource efficiency, an increase in resource operating efficiency of capital does move the results more deeply into relative decoupling.
Insight #4: Labor (wage share) vs. Capital (capital share) vs. Resource Consumption Tradeoff
Income inequality has been foremost in the minds of many people for the last 10-15 years. The contemporary explanation is that there is a battle between “labor” (wages) and “capital’ (profits). One way to measure this “battle” is to compare the share of GDP gong to wages (wage share) versus profits (capital or profit share).
The claim is that since the 1970s workers have lost “bargaining power”, or the legitimacy and support to ask for higher wages, largely because of the decline in support (including from elected officials) for union membership. I tested this idea in this paper, and the HARMONEY supports this general premise, but suggests there is more to the story: resource consumption rates.
I model workers having full bargaining power when their wages can increase with inflation. Figure 7 shows that wage share declines during the growth phase as companies acquire some profit share. However, once resource extraction rates level off (refer back to Figure 1), wage share rebounds back to its initial higher level and profit share declines to zero.
Figure 7. When resource consumption rates peak (and no longer increase), and when workers can bargain for wages, (a) wage share (the fraction of GDP going to wages) can stay high and rebound while (b) profit share of companies declines to zero.
Figure 8 shows that if we slowly remove bargaining power (by no longer allowing wages to increase with inflation) when resource extraction per person peaks (just as the trend begins in the U.S. economy), then wage share either declines (for the “full cost” scenario) as companies continue to invest in capital or wage share remains low (for the “marginal cost scenario). See the full paper for descriptions of two different assumptions for production costs.
Figure 8. When resource consumption rates peak (and no longer increase), and when workers can bargain for wages, (a) wage share (the fraction of GDP going to wages) can stay high and rebound while (b) profit share of companies declines to zero.
These results show that nature of the distribution of economic proceeds changes once the economy stops growing. As one might guess, it is harder to make profits in a time a stagnant energy and resource consumption rates, and in the face of that slowdown or stagnation, profits can be maintained with the sacrifice of wages. The HARMONEY model suggests this might be what happened to U.S. labor starting in the late 1970s and early 1980s. Yes Ronald Reagan was elected President and he was a “union buster”, but we might also ask about the forces that propelled Reagan (and other business friendly legislators) to office and supported a reduction in labor-friendly policies.
Insight #5: Evolution of Economic Structure and Complexity
In a 2016 paper (pre-print and blog) I tracked the changing dynamic structure of the U.S. economy since 1947 using (information theoretic) metrics that quantify the distribution of the flow of money within the economy (specifically the input-output “Use” tables). In Figure 9 I show two images that summarize some of the simulated HARMONEY scenarios as compared to the calculations from the U.S. data.
Figure 9a provides two metrics (mutual constraint & conditional entropy) that when added together form a third metric (information entropy) that is plotted in Figure 9b.
Why should we care about these metrics? Many people view information entropy as a metric of complexity. Higher information entropy means higher complexity, where complexity in the economic context means the economy is performing a more diverse set of activities with each activity associated with more equal contributions.
Figure 9. Information theoretic metrics that quantify the internal structure of the economy over time. The data with large red circles and dashed lines show calculations from my previous 2016 paper. The lines without circles are simulated trajectories using HARMONEY v1.1. NOTE: mutual constraint + conditional entropy = information entropy.
Figure 10(a-left) shows that both the U.S. data and the HARMONEY simulations show a counter-clockwise pattern during an expansion (fast-growth phase) that eventually leads to a slower-growth phase (after 1997 in U.S. data).
Figure 10(b-right) shows information entropy over time, and both the U.S. data and the HARMONEY model show three successive trends from increasing to constant to then decreasing information entropy. Importantly (the paper describes more fully) the change in trends in Figures 9 and 10 relate to changes in both (i) the rate of resources (or energy) consumption and (ii) the cost of energy. That is to say there are similar reasons why there are changes in trends in Figures 9 and 10 for both the U.S. economy and the HARMONEY model.
Figure 10. Same as Figure 9 but with added red shaded arrow to emphasize the broad trend.
The comparison on Figures 9 and 10 provides evidence that HARMONEY accurately represents internal changes in structure and complexity of a real-world economy during a growth cycle.
Conclusion & Takeaways
The key takeaways are that both animals and the economy require energy consumption and resource to (1) operate their existing mass and capital, (2) make new mass and capital, and (3) distribute and acquire energy. If you put these concepts into an economic model, as done in HARMONEY, you are a big step towards enabling your model to realistically describe energy-economic interactions. This type of consistent modeling is important, for example, for the modeling of a low-carbon energy transition. A low-carbon transition will very likely require major shifts in economic structure due to shifts (downward) in energy efficiency (think CO2 capture plants) and increase allocation of resources to make new capital (such several terawatts of wind, solar, and battery capacity across the globe). I continue to work on HARMONEY to inform the structural dynamics of economic growth in ways that are not possible using the usual (e.g., neoclassical growth) methods.
How the Model Works
HARMONEY v1.1 is a system dynamics model centered on simulating a set of ordinary differential equations using stock-flow consistent tracking of monetary flows. HARMONEY v1.1 is still a toy model, which is to say it is not yet calibrated (we’re working on it!) to a real economy, such as the United States. Nonetheless, it has critical features and structural assumptions that make it applicable and valuable for comparing its trends to long-term trends in real-world data.
This is to say, an important part of HARMONEY is that it has a conservation of flow principle for both mass (as physical resources, energy or minerals, extracted from the environment) and money (at any given instant flows of money are tracked between firms, households, and private banks). While this idea has been around for many decades, this is still relatively unique for macroeconomic models.
Here are several assumptions in the design of the model that help explain why it can mimic long-term real-world trends relating energy consumption and economic variables
- The resource that supports the economy is a regenerative renewable resource stock, such as a forest.
- Resource (mass, energy) consumption is required for three purposes in the model, just like the real world:
- To operate machines (as fuel)
- To become new machines when they are manufactured (embodied in new capital)
- To “operate” or feed people to keep them alive (as food)
- Money is effectively defined as all of the following
- the compensation labor (workers) receive,
- the profits received by companies,
- money (as credit) is created when banks give loans to companies to invest in capital at levels beyond their profits, and the money is destroyed when companies pay back debt, and
- the interest payments on the debt, or loans given to companies.
- There is no government in the model.
- Population declines when there is not enough resource consumption for households. |
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| Thomas Arkell
Unveiling the pure scale of opportunity within the Lithium and rare earth minerals industries in both China and the rest of the world, Carrington Day in pleased to annouce an exciting new partnership with SC Insights to present the best and latest data for the Lithium industry.
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Carrington Day Announces Strategic Partnership with Supply Chain Insights
London, UK - Carrington Day, the leading provider of trade and investment solutions, is proud to announce its strategic partnership with Supply Chain Insights (SC Insights). The partnership will bring Carrington Day's extensive half-century network in China to a wealth of cutting-edge rare earth minerals suppliers, as well as provide opportunities for Chinese companies looking to expand their business abroad.
"The partnership with SC Insights represents a significant milestone in Carrington Day's journey," says Peter Arkell, Founder of Carrington Day. "We are proud to partner with a company that shares our values and commitment to providing the best possible service to our clients."
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The partnership with SC Insights is expected to bring significant benefits to Carrington Day's clients, including access to a wider range of high-quality suppliers, a more streamlined supply chain, and increased business opportunities in China and around the world.
About Carrington Day
Carrington Day is a leading provider of trade and investment solutions, offering a wide range of services to companies looking to expand their business globally. With a half-century of experience in China and a network of trusted partners and advisors, Carrington Day provides its clients with the support they need to succeed in the international marketplace.
About Supply Chain Insights
Supply Chain Insights (SC Insights) is a leading provider of supply chain management solutions, offering a comprehensive range of services to companies looking to improve their supply chain operations. With a focus on innovation and sustainability, SC Insights helps its clients achieve their supply chain goals and build long-term success.
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What would it profit a man to placate a silent and inscrutable God, yet lose his humanity and family in so doing?
More to the point - what parent would ask such a sacrifice of their own children?
Religions on the whole are rife with variants on the same principle - The Creator building the world out of blocks, not liking the end result, breaking everything down and starting again.
This is a Creator that demands immutable perfection and dependence, requiring his constructs to pay homage.
But then there's this whole thing about God the (strict) Father.
As a parent, it is always, always my goal to ensure my children develop their independence. I don't want to tell them why they need me - I want them to go forth and confidently create on their own.
It's more than a little ironic that questions like this are being raised at a time when the world over, people are questioning their confidence in government as unassailable leader. It's a movement we've seen before, but this time, it's even wider-reaching.
Which is why I wonder sometimes if we've got things backwards.
When the Master's work is done, the people say: "Amazing, we did it all by ourselves!" |
Monday Oct 23, 2023
It's time for our Halloween episode! Mike and Jesse discuss Richard Elfman's 1994 horror comedy Shrunken Heads! Starring Julius Harris and Meg Foster.
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Our theme music was composed by CollinDomo AKA Chunky Krill. Find more of his work at soundcloud.com/chunky-krill
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The Committee on Law and Order, Combating Crime and Counteraction to Corruption of the Jogorku Kenesh held a meeting in the capital of Kyrgyzstan. The participants discussed the draft law on amendments to the Criminal Code of the Republic, initiated by a parliamentarian Shairbek Tashiev, the press office of the Parliament reported to CentralAsia.news.
In accordance with the draft law, bloggers, activists, public figures and famous personalities will be held criminally liable for advertising dangerous financial products, particularly financial pyramids.
A representative of the prosecutor’s office noted that the supervisory authority supports the concept of the draft law. He emphasised that the document need to be adjusted before the second reading. The importance of conducting a proper investigation was emphasised.
The background statement for the draft law states that most of citizens of Kyrgyzstan are economically and legally illiterate, that’s why they invest their savings in financial pyramids after watching celebrities in such advertisements. |
Leave My Dash Cam On Overnight, <h1>Leave My Dash Cam On Overnight</h1> <h2>Introduction</h2> <p>Having a dash cam is becoming, blog, leave-my-dash-cam-on-overnight, KampionLite
Leave My Dash Cam On Overnight
Having a dash cam is becoming increasingly popular among drivers due to its ability to capture valuable footage during accidents or other unforeseen incidents. While most people use their dash cam primarily while driving, there is a growing trend of leaving the dash cam on overnight. In this article, we will explore the reasons why some drivers choose to keep their dash cams running overnight, along with the benefits and considerations that come with this practice.
Benefits of Leaving Your Dash Cam On Overnight
Leaving your dash cam on overnight offers a range of benefits that can help protect you and your vehicle. Here are some of the key advantages:
1. Capture incidents while parked
One of the main reasons people leave their dash cams on overnight is to capture potential incidents that may occur when their vehicle is parked. These incidents could include vandalism, hit and runs, or break-ins. By having your dash cam running, you can obtain valuable footage that can aid in identifying the culprits and assist law enforcement in their investigation.
2. Monitor your vehicle’s surroundings
Leaving your dash cam on overnight allows you to monitor your vehicle’s surroundings, providing an extra layer of security. You can keep an eye on any suspicious activities or unauthorized access to your car. This surveillance can be especially beneficial for those who live in high-crime areas or frequently park their vehicles on the street.
3. Document wildlife encounters
If you live in an area with abundant wildlife, leaving your dash cam on overnight can provide you with interesting footage of nocturnal animals such as raccoons, deer, or foxes. Not only can this be entertaining, but it can also serve as an opportunity to document the presence of certain species in your area.
4. Protect yourself against false accusations
In some unfortunate cases, drivers may face false accusations for incidents that occurred while their vehicles were parked overnight. By having your dash cam running, you can easily provide video evidence to prove your innocence and protect yourself from potential legal troubles.
5. Improve driving habits
Some dash cams come with additional features that allow you to monitor your driving habits. Leaving your dash cam on overnight enables you to review the footage the next day and analyze any reckless driving behavior or habits that need improvement. This self-reflection can help you become a safer and more responsible driver.
Considerations When Leaving Your Dash Cam On Overnight
While leaving your dash cam on overnight can be beneficial, there are some important factors to consider:
1. Power source
Before deciding to leave your dash cam on overnight, ensure that you have a reliable power source. Most dash cams require constant power to operate, so you will need to connect it to a power outlet in your vehicle or utilize a separate battery pack designed specifically for dash cams.
2. Memory capacity
Extended recording periods may require a larger memory card. Check the specifications of your dash cam to determine the maximum supported memory capacity. If necessary, consider investing in a high-capacity memory card to accommodate overnight recording.
3. Privacy concerns
While monitoring your vehicle’s surroundings is beneficial, it is crucial to respect privacy laws and not invade anyone else’s privacy. Ensure that your dash cam is positioned correctly to capture incidents relevant to your vehicle without infringing on others’ privacy.
4. Legal implications
It is essential to familiarize yourself with local laws regarding dash cam usage. Some states or countries have specific regulations governing the use of dash cams, particularly when it comes to recording overnight. Ensure you comply with any legal requirements to avoid potential penalties or legal issues.
5. Power drain
Leaving your dash cam on overnight may drain your vehicle’s battery, especially if it is an older or less powerful battery. Consider using a dash cam with a low-power standby mode or connecting it to a separate power source to minimize the impact on your vehicle’s battery.
Leaving your dash cam on overnight can provide numerous benefits, such as capturing incidents while parked, monitoring your vehicle’s surroundings, documenting wildlife encounters, protecting yourself against false accusations, and improving your driving habits. However, make sure to consider the power source, memory capacity, privacy concerns, legal implications, and power drain before deciding to leave your dash cam running overnight. Follow local laws and regulations, and position your dash cam appropriately to respect others’ privacy. With these considerations in mind, leaving your dash cam on overnight can enhance your overall vehicle security and peace of mind. |
If you have already read my Soaking and Sprouting - Planning my Weekly Menu
post, you would be aware for my habit of making menu plans for the week. While cooking a rather quick and a nutritious meal is never an issue for me, what stumps me is not having a plan. I am not among those who can just see their fridge/pantry, conjure up recipes in their head and whip up a meal with ease. I am kinda lost without having a plan and while I could manage with something, it comes with some amount of stress. I love cooking and hence I try to minimize/eliminate whatever is my pain point - hence my diligence with Weekly Menu planning.
Preparing Weekly Staples
Once the weekly menu is in place, I cook some of the ingredients before hand to save me some time. While I belong to the old school of believing that freshly chopped and cooked food is at its optimal best nutrition wise, I find that few ingredients do not lose either flavour or nutrition with advance prepping. For a vegetarian, Legumes form a strong protein backbone. Hence, these are advance prepped. The picture above shows cooked Moong Dal, Green Lentils, Cannellini Beans, Toor Dal (Pigeon Peas), Pinto Beans, Chickpeas, BLack Beans, Tamarind Paste
and Ginger Garlic Paste.
Important Storage Tip - Before you start
Unpreserved food is prone to harmful bacteria and contamination. Hence care should be taken in handling and storing them in the fridge. Never store them in a open can or in a improperly sealed container. The temperature of your fridge should be at or less than 40F or 4C. Avoid using your hands in cooked food before storing since it increases the chances of spoilage. At the end of the day, your sense of smell and sight is the best judge. If your legumes smell awful, feel slimy
How to Store Cooked Legumes
It is best to store the cooked legumes in the fridge (or freezer) within one hour of cooking. It would have cooled down by then as well. Use a well sealed/airtight container to keep out moisture and other contaminants. I use Mason Jars
for this purpose and they have worked extremely well for me. I have stored legumes with and without liquid. But I find when you are freezing, cooking liquid helps.
How long do the cooked lentils last in the fridge?
I usually cook lentils just enough to last me as per my weekly menu plan. But from my past experiences, I find that my cooked lentils (moong dal, masoor dal, green/french lentils and toor dal) easily last me a week in the fridge. I once forgot to use a little bit of leftover Toor dal and it was its 10th day and found that it was still good to go! I would recommend 1 week in the fridge and about easily for 6 months in the freezer.
How long do the cooked (dried)beans last in the fridge?
I have easily had cooked beans last me 10 days in the fridge. It would probably have lasted a couple of days more but I have always consumed it within that period to know more. So in best conditions, I would say possibly 2 weeks maximum in the fridge (in California weather at least). If you think you need to store more for a longer period, freezing is the best option. Frozen beans lasts very easily to 8 months.
How to ensure longer shelf life of your cooked legumes?
As mentioned earlier, never use your hands in your beans since it helps in multiplying the bacteria easily and thereby spoilage. Use clean spoons if you have to. Refrigerate within 1 hour after cooking. Also, using salt to season your cooked beans acts as a natural preservative and thereby increases shelf life. You can season your dish accordingly later. |
You can use this BASKETS,as pie or canapes to make chaat or dessert or to serve salad or thick sauce too....looks very pretty.Usually when we eat basket chaat in any Chaat Corner,it is made out of potatoes,so I tried to made it with vermicellies.
In a flat dish add vermicelli and spread it,evenly;sprinkle little bit of tap water and salt over it,just to wet it,don"t over soak it,keep for 5 min.
In a small mold or katori apply oil and with light hands,evenly spread the vermicelli in mold and spray little bit oil over it.
In a preheated oven,bake it @ 180 degree C for 5-7 min or till brown (keep watch on it as it will easily burn).
Cool on wire rack and demold it.Store in air tight containers.
NOTE:Don"t use brown or roasted vermicelli.
NOTE: If you want it gluten free,then use rice vermicelli.
NOTE: If you want you can deep fry it,for that don\"t apply oil in mold,just spread the vermicelli in it,in hot oil place it and on medium heat fry it,keep pouring oil in mold,then with tong just pick it twist down wards in Kadhai or Vok,till all oil drops from basket ,then with the help of knife,remove it,when it is still hot,other wise it will break. |
The Uncomplicated Church in a Complicated World: Compromise with the World
A.W. Tozer once wrote, "I refer here to the world of carnal enjoyments, of godless pleasures, of the pursuit of earthly riches and reputation and sinful happiness--in short, unregenerate human society romping on its way to hell, the exact opposite of the true church of God. Any spirit that permits compromise with the world is a false spirit. Any religious movement that imitates the world in any of its manifestations is false to the Cross of Christ and on the side of the devil himself." |
– Computer viruses are parasitic programs which are able to replicate themselves, attach themselves to other executables in the computer, and perform some unwanted and often malicious actions. A virus is not able to spread itself to another computers, some user actions are needed for it to infect a new computer. Downloading and running software from untrusted sources, inserting an USB drive without a previous scan–remember always disable the AutoRun feature for the drives as CD-ROMs, DVD-ROMs– , downloading and running emails or IM attachments even from known persons, can put you in the nasty situation to have an infected computer. Always when you deal with these situations and to prevent computer infections, scan before to run.
The best scanners in my opinion are multi-engine online scanners like virustotal.com or novirusthanks.org. The links of these scanners and many more are on the home page.
The main three features of a virus are :
– the replication mechanism search and find other executable files in your computer, check if the files are already infected–it has a special mechanism for that and if the file is clean then append itself to the file. It can append to the front, middle or end of the executable file thus changing the file size. This is also the reason why the number of new created viruses decreased in the last years, the AntiViruses has a very simple mechanism for “checking and compare” the files size –checksums at different period of times and a file bigger in size than at a previous date is a sign of infection.
A special category of viruses are “Bacteria” viruses, they replicate themselves so quickly and in a such percentage that the harddisk will run very soon out of free space.
– a trigger is designed to activate a task of the virus, as displaying strange messages, deleting files, sending emails, begin the replicate process or whatever the programmer write in his malicious code. The trigger can be a certain date in calendar–formerly know as Time Bombs, the time when some event occur, opening a certain program or other users actions. The trigger is very important for the virus spreading, because once infected the user will notice nothing strange in his computer, and will continue to spread the virus without to suspect anything. Other reason of this delaying of infection symptoms is for viruses to hide its tracks, the user simply does not know when and how it get infected.
– the task or “payload” can differ from inoffensive ones like displaying joke messages, to deleting or editing important system files like hosts file , deleting or editing registry entries, sometimes making the computer unbootable.
Using polymorphic engines, the viruses change the “virus signature”–their binary code each time when they infect a new computer making very difficult for AntiViruses to detect them using traditional “signature based” scanners.
Macro Viruses can attach themselves to the executable portion of a spreadsheet documents in AutoOpen, AutoClose, AutoExit, or other file macros. The words processors are the most affected by these viruses, so to prevent the computer infections, always perform an AntiVirus scan for documents received as emails attachments, or received by another methods from another computers.
– Computer worms are a special category of viruses with a very important feature added : they can spread themselves between computers, without the user interaction, exploiting some networks vulnerabilities or facilities as network shares or remote file executions. It’s recommended by some experts to disable the Windows Remote Assistance feature, seeing this as a possibly vulnerability. Once it infect a computer it looks forward for other computers connected to the network–LAN or Internet continuing to search for possibly victims.
– Trojans are malicious executable files, masquerading as beneficial programs and tricking users to run their code. Very often they are embedded into other programs as setup or installers file and shared into the forums or blogs as pirated software(warez), so when the user run the installer of a program, the trojan will run in parallel infecting the computer. It’s a server-client software and once infecting a computer, it gives to the hacker where it connects the full power over the computer.
The hacker can see screenshots of the victims computer, can see the webcam in real time, can download and upload files or run other malware.
They are very trendy in nowdays and deserve a special attention, so a more detailed description of this type of malware will be given in the part 2 of this article.
– Spyware is a malicious code able to gather private data from an infected computer and send it to the hacker. The data can be passwords, credit card numbers, login credentials and other private data. They accomplish their mission by using various mechanisms for decrypting passwords previously saved in web-browsers, keyloggers or screenshots. The computer user get infected by spyware in several ways by downloading and running “fake antiviruses” or “registry cleaners” or visiting malicious sites t |
About UMass Amherst
UMass Amherst, the Commonwealth's flagship campus, is a nationally ranked public research university offering a full range of undergraduate, graduate and professional degrees. The University sits on nearly 1,450-acres in the scenic Pioneer Valley of Western Massachusetts and offers a rich cultural environment in a bucolic setting close to major urban centers. In addition, the University is part of the Five Colleges (including Amherst College, Hampshire College, Mount Holyoke College, and Smith College), which adds to the intellectual energy of the region.
The Institute of Diversity Sciences (IDS) Program Manager will ensure the smooth operation of the online Leadership Academy Program for students traditionally under-represented in computer science and engineering, which is part of an NSF-sponsored Research Coordination Network. The Leadership Academy is an academic year mentorship program that includes a virtual six-week course that meets 3 times a week and runs from July thru mid August. The Program Manager manages a Sloan fellowship program for underrepresented students helping connect them to experiential research opportunities and expose them to graduate degree programs during the academic year. This position coordinates a faculty learning community for faculty advisors to these students.
- Develops and maintains a program timeline, coordinates planning meetings, creates meeting agendas, distributes action items, and influences team members to deliver action items on time, delivering a high-quality product.
- Establishes and maintains a tracking system for applications, student participants, scholarships, mentors, speakers, program evaluation, and the overall program.
- Manages the onboarding process for students and mentors.
- Coordinates planning meetings, conducts logistics, and provides technical support for the planning and operations of the course, speaker series, and mentorship program.
- Manages and executes all financial and budget procedures, including budgeting and financial tracking, student scholarships, and timely payment to consultants.
- Manages marketing and outreach for the program to recruit students, speakers, and mentors, including creating and distributing marketing materials.
- Coordinates all communications on multiple media platforms reaching internal and external parties, including but not limited to, students, instructors, mentors, etc. Communications will generally focus on applications, scholarships, meetings, classes, and events.
- Manages technical aspects of course curriculum, the speaker series and mentoring program. Coordinates collaboration between the leaders of the program, instructors, students, mentors, researchers, professional staff, and invited industry speakers.
- Keeps all records in compliance with various functional processes and requirements.
- Works collaboratively and effectively to promote teamwork, diversity, equity and inclusiveness.
- Works in partnership with colleagues within the community and across partner universities to support strategic priorities.
- Performs other duties as assigned in support of the mission and goals of the University and the Institute of Diversity Sciences.
About University of Massachusetts Amherst
UMass Amherst, the Commonwealth's flagship campus, is a nationally ranked public research university offering a full range of undergraduate, graduate, and professional degrees. The University sits on nearly 1,450-acres in the scenic Pioneer Valley of Western Massachusetts and offers a rich cultural environment in a rural suburban setting close to major urban centers. In addition, the University is part of the Five Colleges (including Amherst College, Hampshire College, Mount Holyoke College, and Smith College), which adds to the intellectual energy of the region.
When inquiring or applying for jobs within the University of Massachusetts Amherst, please also reference AcademicCareers.com
Applicants with dual-career considerations can find university jobs such as professor jobs, dean jobs, chair / department head jobs, and other faculty jobs and professional and administrative staff employment opportunities with the University of Massachusetts Amherst and at other institutions of higher education in the region on AcademicCareers.com
To receive email alerts when new jobs at the University of Massachusetts Amherst are posted, please sign up at new job openings at the University of Massachusetts Amherst. |
For those unfamiliar with Cornish, it is classed as a p-Celtic member of the family of Celtic languages, which was once spoken across much of Europe, and is now restricted to the insular world and Brittany: the only surviving languages being Cornish, Welsh and Breton (all p-Celtic), and Manx, Scots Gaelic and Irish (all q-Celtic).
The relationship between these two branches is illustrated by p-Celtic words such as peduar W and their q-Celtic equivalents: cethar [Ir].
The etymology, morphology, syntax and phonology of Cornish and the other Celtic languages ultimately derive from a putative proto-Indo European or proto-Celtic language or family of languages spoken in Britain in pre-history.
Cornish Onomastics is the study of onomastics (personal name data) and toponymics (place name data) in relation to Cornwall in the Early Medieval Period (350 CE to 1000 CE). These names are almost completely in the Cornish language (the Brittonic used in Cornwall and a relative of Welsh and Breton.
Sometime before C6 the closely related South-western British and Western British languages started to look less like Gaulish and more like the modern p-Celtic languages, and Cornish, Welsh, Breton and Cumbric (extinct) began taking shape as modern European languages. Cornish and Breton (from South-western British) eventually diverged from each other during the last part of the Early Medieval Period.
There will have been dialectic differences in these regions of Brittonic usage as well as differences in naming practice between them, but the structure and many name elements of Early Cornish personal names broadly follows that of early names found in Britain, Ireland, Gaul and Celt-Iberia. It is these names that have come down (with modification) to Cornish today including well known names such as Arthur, Gerent and Winwaloe.
Cornish is one of the oldest indigenous languages of Britain, with its roots stretching back thousands of years and to the first settlements of Britain (believed to be the Late Neolithic, when farming was established). |
Now also available in a limited-edition 2022 "shit mix‚ÄĚ colored vinyl edition for all of you distinguished aesthetes out there.
In 2016 year of our lord, it's almost unfathomable that this rare beast could have once stalked the face of the earth. But when I need a real social palette cleanser, I turn to the late 80s GG Allin stuff. And this motherfucker is top of the pile, one of the filth-king's rattiest and nastiest albums. The fifth album from Allin and originally released on Gerard Cosloy's Homestead Records, Freaks captures the beast during my favorite period of his career: with this particular expression of his monstrous Id, Allin enlisted the talents of Bulge, who otherwise belched out a couple of rippin' thrashcore releases on Ax/ction and Fudgeworthy in the early 90s, and who featured members of Gonkulator, Jesus Chrust, and Psycho. Bulge's drummer Charlie Infection had already previously worked with Allin by including the song "I Wanna Suck Your Cunt" on the Welcome To Ax/ction Island compilation. Bulge was a relatively tighter, more "stable" band compared to Allin's previous backing group, so the team-up made sense.
That said, this album is a warzone: a pitch-shifted GG lays down the law with the spoken word intro "My Revenge", then throws us headfirst into a nineteen-song orgy of drug-damaged blues riffs and monstrously fucked-up hardcore punk. His vocals sound totally scorched here, like the man has been swilling gasoline in between vocal takes. "Be My Fuckin Whore"' offers a litany of degradation and misogynistic abuse set to primitive hardcore, with some almost Greg Ginn-level guitar warp going on when it rips into a solo, followed by the thirty-second noisecore-esque blast-chaos of "Suck My Ass It Smells". "Dog Shit" delivers what is possibly my favorite line from the guy, "...Get the fuck outta my bread line...", and that general mean-spirited, ragged hardcore attack makes up the bulk of Freaks.
Other scorchers include sickoid mid-tempo rippers like "Anti Social Masterbator" (sic)and "Last In Line For The Gang Bang" that collectively climb right into your head and won't leave. You've got a nod to David Allan Coe via "Outlaw Scumfuc". And with the messed-up and overtly brain-damaged moments like the lumbering, tuneless skull-beating on "Wild Riding" and "Crash & Burn" , Allin and crew puke up a kind of Flipper / Kilslug / Black Flag-style scum-dirge that's swarming with gruesome guitar skronk, grating atonal synthesizer, go-nowhere sludgepunk riffing, and some of the more unsettling and orgasmic vocals we've heard from Allin. Goddamn awesome stuff. The closer "My Bloody Mutilation" is a drawn-out, industrial nightmare, a fog of clanking, metallic atonality and tortured invective screams, raving madness set to a oily black shimmer of deformed ambience, almost Abruptum-like in it's sheer abject hideousness. But if I had to give you just one reason to pick up this atrocity, it's the song "Die When You Die" (actually itself a sort-of cover of Destroy All Monsters's proto-punk classic "You're Gonna Die" ), a perfectly formed piece of anti-social, anti-human punk rock that has gone on to be covered by countless punk and black metal bands in the decades since. It's one of the greatest Allin songs of all time.
Bottom line is this- fans of fucked-up and demented 80s' hardcore who haven't heard this stuff are missing out. This is hanging out on the most terrible fringes of hardcore. The height of anti-social art-psychosis and chaos-invocation in the latter half of the 1980s. The Freaks album could sit nicely alongside other albums that I would term "outsider hardcore", in spite of some probable pushback from members of the punk scene. But GG and the Bulge beasts were not interested in working within the parameters of the then-current hardcore scene. This is so much more transgressive, more bizarre, more genuinely deranged and incontrovertibly misanthropic, more dissident and self-destroying in every possible way. Allin himself considered this album to be one of the best of his career. A sodomatic , Dionysian immolation rite, pursuing ultimate physical transcendence in a manner not unlike the Aghori sect. And man, nobody ever came close to hustling the way that GG did. It's a sight and sound to behold. Everyone else was performing theater. This was the real deal. |
Waldo Lake sits in the Oregon Cascades about 40 miles southeast of Eugene. It is in the National Forest so other than some campgrounds there is no development. It will close in a couple of weeks for the winter. At 5400 feet it gets a bit nippy at night this time of year. The lake has been determined to be the 2nd clearest in the world behind Lake Baikal in Russia. The clarity is due to the fact that there is no run-off from the glaciers on Diamond Peak you can see in the distance. The source is precipitation, local drainage and groundwater that seeps in from the eastern side of the cascades. 5 miles long and about 2.5 miles at the widest point. It is deep. Maximum is about 420 feet and the average is 125 feet. On a previous visit a couple of years ago the Oregon State University marine science department was there when we were and ran a routine clarity test. A white disk 150mm (6") diameter is lowered until it can't be seen. On that day the number was 120 feet. With a turn-over rate of almost 40 years the system is fragile. After a bunch of politics the state was able to close the lake to all internal combustion engines a few years ago. These photos were take on a dead still morning about 8:00. The silence is intense. The only ripples were the ones I made with my paddle.
Below is a shot taken in about 10 feet of water. It is a bit disorienting to be paddling in 20-30 feet of water with a clear view of the bottom. When it is this calm you feel like you will fall off your boat to a hard landing. Once you get into deep water the water is a color of blue that is hard to imagine. Sort of a cobalt like the darker blue some swimming pools are painted only it is alive. Not many fish and only a few birds since there is no food. |
Kyriakides Musical School is located in Limassol and offers classes in piano, bass guitar, percussions and drums. The studio also offers singing classes, solmization, classic and jazz harmony and beginner classes for children ages 4-6.
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Chris Markoch is a freelance financial writer who brings over 25 years in sales and marketing to help find the story behind the stock. Chris starts by asking the question, “So what?” and then uses fundamental and (some) technical analysis to add depth to that insight.
Stepping back from the “what” allows Chris to bring perspective that helps investors make wise decisions based on their risk tolerance and investing timeline.
Markoch would describe his writing as being for investors more than traders. He looks at equities through a long-term lens and that is reflected in his writing.
In addition to his articles on InvestorPlace, you can also find Chris’ writing on MarketBeat.com where he has collaborated on the e-book “5 Investing Trends That Will Define the Market in 2022.” You can find Chris on LinkedIn and on Twitter. |
Good to see the boys take the first two in San Francisco. The wins haven’t come easy (big thanks to Andres Torres for getting thrown out trying to score on a pitch in the dirt with Pablo Sandoval up representing the tying run to end the seventh in Tuesday’s 5-3 victory), but at least they’ve come.
Heath Bell (2 IP, 4 H, 1 R, 1 ER, 1 BB, 1 K this series) is scaring the heck out of me. Oh, you’re in the market for an All-Star closer? Never mind; in that case, he’s awesome and worth whatever you can afford.
I’m not much for rumors, but Bell has to go, right? For as much fun as it is to think that the Padres are only 8 games back in a lousy division, last I checked, that’s good enough for a 0.3 percent chance at the playoffs.
Bell is eligible for free agency. The Padres aren’t going anywhere and have a deep bullpen. Writing… Wall…
If what Washington received for Matt Capps at last year’s deadline is any indication (it’s a big if; every market is different), the Padres should be able to land a B-level prospect for 2-3 months of Bell’s services.
Who? What? Where? Strength up the middle is always nice (especially with the playing portion of former first-round pick Drew Cumberland’s career apparently drawing to a close), although presumably you have to take the best available talent and worry about the rest later.
I haven’t studied the current market or historical trends in closer valuation. Anecdotally, it seems that more often than not, someone is willing to pay a decent amount for a pitcher of Bell’s caliber and pedigree.
Other trade candidates? Ryan Ludwick and Chad Qualls, maybe Mike Adams (although Adams should have considerable value to his current employer and is best kept unless someone gets stupid with an offer). The Padres gave up a couple C-level prospects to get Ludwick and can expect to get roughly the same in return: warm bodies in exchange for a little salary relief.
I sold the first car I ever owned — a mid-’70s Datsun 710 — to a mechanic for $42. He only wanted the tires but offered to tow the car off the lot at no charge. I got to eat a burger and play some video games, he got tires. It worked out well for everyone.
Like Ludwick, Qualls doesn’t figure to fetch much either. I don’t know what the going rate for generic middle relievers is these days… $42 and free towing?
* * *
Third basemen are advancing. James Darnell has been promoted from Double-A San Antonio (where he was hitting .333/.434/.604 in 346 PA) to Triple-A Tucson, with Jedd Gyorko moving up from High-A Lake Elsinore (where he was hitting .365/.429/.638 in 382 PA) into Darnell’s old spot.
Batting cleanup for the T-Padres, Darnell went 3-for-5 with a double in his July 4 debut. Gyorko is 3-for-9 with a double in his first two games with the Missions.
One of Darnell’s new teammates, Kyle Blanks, continues to obliterate PCL pitching. Blanks is hitting .411/.477/.884 in 107 PA since being promoted, which makes him the hottest thing to come through Tucson since… Anthony Rizzo.
Speaking of Rizzo, his struggles (.178/.318/.342 in 88 PA, 29.5 K%) have led to speculation that a return trip to Triple-A might be in order.
No. This was the deal. We expected Rizzo to face an adjustment period and we were willing to live with it. Well, now we’re living with it. Granted, that’s not as much fun when it actually happens as when you say “we’ll live with it,” but there you go.
Meanwhile, Blanks would seem to be a logical candidate to see action in left field if Ludwick is moved. Aaron Cunningham makes sense, too, although the organization appears to view him as more of a spare part.
* * *
The Dodgers are in full free fall. They’re 11 games out of first place and three games back of the Padres. I want to beat them (and everyone else, for that matter) every time, but to watch that franchise self-destruct… it’s painful and embarrassing to baseball, in a Jeffrey Loria kind of way.
* * *
Quick programming note: I’ll be at SABR 41 up in Long Beach the rest of this week. Dave Cameron (FanGraphs), Sean Forman (Baseball-Reference), John Dewan (BIS), and Rob Neyer (SB Nation) are among those scheduled to speak. Padres GM Jed Hoyer will be there, as will Al Ferrara, who played on the original 1969 Padres squad.
If you’re around, say hey… I’ll be the guy who looks like me but with longer hair. I plan to do the Twitter thing while I’m there. If you do the Twitter thing, we’ll do it together. Such fun… |
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Council is launching this program with circularity and sustainability in mind. Through the purchasing process, both the City and the manufacturer have committed to sustainable practices throughout the span of the program. This includes:
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The City conducted a feasibility study comparing data from the small initial pilot project in 2020 with regional data. This study found that a residential pre-treated organics program has the potential to be less expensive, divert more waste, and reduce more greenhouse gas emissions. A 2023 study on the initial program rollout will verify these projections.
The program is in full swing! Our phased rollout started in summer 2023, initially serving our Early Adopters. With this phase now complete, our attention has shifted to the pilot neighborhood of Fairview.
For those eagerly waiting, all remaining units are reserved for residents on the Waitlist. Secure your spot now for priority access! We'll start contacting Waitlist residents in early 2024, following the order of registration—first come, first served
Your drop-off location combination is conveniently located on the back page of your Program Guide. Please remember to keep the combination private for the duration of the pilot study. All Program participants are responsible for reading their Program Guide.
Pre-treatment is an alternative method to a weekly curbside organics collection program. Pre-treatment works by mashing and dehydrating household food waste and produces a dry and odor-free soil amendment that is ~90% less in weight and volume. Pre-treatment is easy to store and requires fewer collection days than other curbside programs. By pre-treating organic food waste, we can reduce problematic wildlife encounters. Through this program, the City will be able to eliminate most food waste from the waste stream as part of the City's goal of becoming a model Bear Smart community.
For Property Owners:
If you are a property owner interested in learning how the program works for your rental property, please refer to our Landlord FAQs by clicking here.
If you are a tenant curious about how the program will impact the property you rent, you can find information in our Tenant FAQs by clicking here.
The City of Nelson owns the FoodCycler™ appliance, as stated in a bylaw amendment presented to City Council. The bylaw encourages proper use and care of the appliance, which will be registered to the user and civic address. When a resident moves, the appliance stays at the property unless authorized by the program, and residents must inform the program when they move in or out. Removing the appliance or misusing it may result in replacement costs for the registered user. This bylaw was created to prevent FoodCycler™ appliances from leaving the community and to promote responsible use to maximize diversion rates and avoid unnecessary replacement costs.
Both homeowners and tenants are eligible for the program. This bylaw applies to both.
See the Waste Management and Wildlife Attractant Bylaw No. 3198 (2011) for more information.
All residents living in single-family homes within Nelson's city limits, including both renters and homeowners, are eligible to participate. However, if you own a home within the City and rent it out, you are not eligible for the program as it is for occupants only.
Select multi-family buildings with more than 10 dwellings will be contacted to participate in the program. While we recognize the potential benefits of the pre-treatment appliance in these buildings, a thorough evaluation will be conducted to determine if it is suitable for our community.
Please be aware that the Early Adopters List is now full. However, if you would like to be considered for future program openings or receive updates, please sign up for our waitlist by clicking here.
Currently, residents in Fairview are receiving appliances. For all other residents on the waitlist, we will reach out in 2024 for the distribution of remaining units.
Upon registration, you will receive a confirmation email acknowledging your application. If you do not receive our email, please check your spam folder or contact us to verify your registration. Depending on your location within the City, our staff will contact you regarding pick-up details.
For Fairview Residents (Friday waste collection route): Expect to hear from us within a few days of your registration. We will reach out via email first, followed by a phone call to coordinate your pick-up or drop-off. Alternatively, you can attend one of our Open Drop-In sessions; check our Program Page at nelson.ca/organics for an up-to-date schedule.
Other City Residents: Please note that spaces for non-Fairview Residents are filled for 2023. However, a waitlist opportunity is available for those who missed the initial registration and reside outside the pilot neighbourhood of Fairview. We will contact Waitlist registrants in 2024 to distribute all remaining units.
We have designed our program with accessibility in mind. We have several options for you to get you set up with your appliance. Appliance pick-up events will take place at a City of Nelson facility with an access ramp to the main door. Registration tables and appliances will be on the first floor of the building, and staff can assist residents with carrying their appliances to a vehicle. Please note, a video tutorial will be displayed on the upper floor of the building, which is accessible only by stairs or chair-lift. If you would like to attend a pick-up event, and the second floor is not accessible to you, please let us know at the time of booking.
Residents requiring accommodation can schedule a home drop-off of their appliance. Program staff will deliver an appliance and educational materials, and assist with appliance setup if needed.
For other program accessibility inquiries, please contact [email protected]
In creating a first-of-its-kind program, the City is in a unique position to obtain grant funding for the pre-treated organics program. The City has secured roughly $700 000 in grants to support this program from funders such as Environment and Climate Change Canada, Columbia Basin Trust, and the Federation of Canadian Municipalities. The remaining costs will be covered by the City’s Resource Recovery fund which is built from residents’ annual waste collection fee and garbage tag fees.
Once the pilot of 1,600 units is proven successful, additional funding will be considered and the City will be in an excellent position to pursue other grant funding opportunities for this program.
A pre-treatment appliance is an in-home clean technology that transforms food waste into a natural soil amendment. About the size of a bread maker, pre-treatment appliances pulverize and dehydrate food scraps breaking them down in a matter of hours. The weight and volume of food scraps are reduced by ~90%, leaving users with dry material that is easy to store and can be used in backyard gardening or collected by the City.
The program will pilot Drop-Off Locations for pre-treated organics only. Because of the versatility of the soil amendment, we still have much to learn about residents need for collections.
Organics collected in the Drop-Off Location will be taken to the Regional Compost Facility in Salmo where it will undergo aerobic digestion and make Class A Compost.
FoodCycler Sciences (FCS) has been awarded a contract through a successful public bidding process. FCS has incorporated feedback from the initial pilot and has redesigned its product. The new version is the Eco5, it comes with a 7-year warranty, a larger capacity (5L), and a full list of food waste that it can process, to see what it looks like and more details, click here.
Each cycle consumes approximately 1.5 kWh - this is roughly equivalent to having a desktop computer running for the same amount of time as the cycle. Residents can expect to use 1kWh for every kilogram of food waste processed.
In Nelson using the FoodCycler regularly should not cost you more than $2 per month. The FoodCycler is comparable in CO2e emissions to central composting (before transportation emissions) and backyard composting (if done correctly). FoodCycler offers a >95% reduction in CO2e compared to sending food waste to landfill.
In addition, the City is powered by clean, hydro-electric power generated from Nelson Hydro’s Bonnington Dam power plant.
One of the benefits of this program is the access it gives residents to a nutrient-rich soil amendment. It is important to note that although the amendment is partially decomposed, it still needs to mature and does not have the same characteristics as finished compost. FoodCycler recommends the user add it directly to their soil a few weeks before planting or further process it in a well-managed backyard compost system. Detailed instructions can be found in your Program Guide. If you would like more information on the end product of the pre-treatment appliance, please click here.
Each resident will be provided training and educational material upon pick-up. The training will show residents how to set up and use their appliance, access the program and store/use the nutrient-rich soil amendment.
The appliance has a refillable carbon filter to ensure that the smell doesn't bother your household. Once processed the user is left with an almost odorless soil amendment that is much easier to deal with than wet food waste.
If you are moving it is your responsibility to notify us.Click here if you are moving and fill out our online form.
You can also contact program staff at [email protected] to notify us on your move.
The filter will need to be refilled every 3-6 months (depending on use) or approximately 500 cycle hours (whichever comes first).
The FoodCycler™ uses refillable carbon filters to neutralize odours while processing food waste. If your appliance notifies you that a filter change is needed or if you begin to notice odour, follow the instructions on page 8 in the FoodCycler™ Manual or watch the Program Tutorial to learn more.
Please check here for updates.
The pre-treated materials have significantly less odor, and if not properly stored and used this can still attract pests. There will be education and training to promote optimal use and tips for success. |
It is now perhaps a commonplace that digital, networked and informational media are extremely transient. They diversify in form and function at a dizzying rate. At the same time, they transit and fuse “social” and “natural” differences in a manner which reconfigures all the worlds involved. It is also perhaps a commonplace to suggest that some established powers have found it difficult to come to grips with this (although this is perhaps beginning to change). For many, from seriously challenged newspaper proprietors to established media disciplines, it might be time to pause for breath, if only for a moment—to regroup and adapt established practices and ideas, to count the survivors from among the old media worlds of just a few years ago.
While occasionally sympathetic, this issue of the Fibreculture Journal questions this approach. If we pause for breath, it is to take in the new air. This issue draws on the accelerated evolutions of media forms and processes, the microrevolutions in the social (and even the natural sciences) that dynamic media foster, even the way in which “new” media lead us to reconsider the diversity of “old” media species. Summed up simply here under the sign/event of the “trans,” this issue catalyzes new concepts, accounts of and suggestions for new practices for working with all these processes.
We hope that as they meet, the ideas and practices discussed here become joyfully invested in something like a wave of ‘speculative pragmatism’ (Massumi, 2011a; see also 2011b). This issue diffracts something of this wave, embracing and thinking through what must be embraced and thought through, establishing new forms of critique, or new forms/concepts of design, in order to infra-act with the emergent worlds of contemporary media. It rethinks the forces and ephemeral forms of digital and networked media via a “radical empiricism”. Relations and dynamic ecologies come first, before fixed forms and established disciplines or business models.
If we sometimes turn to the past in this issue it is to follow Foucault’s very well known suggestion that ‘power is not homogeneous but can be defined only by the particular points through which it passes’ (Deleuze, 1988: 25). In the passed, there is a—
… certain form of local and specific struggle whose relationships and necessary unity could no longer come from a process of totalization or centralization, but rather, as Guattari put it, from a transversality. These two aspects, the practical and the theoretical, were closely linked. (24)
Several articles deal with this question of local and specific struggles in what we might call the ‘trans-situational’ (Massumi, 2002: 217) diagram of power (here power meaning as much what is capable of being done as what constraints or formations might surround this).
The first article in this issue, Petra Gemeinboeck and Rob Saunders’ ‘Other Ways Of Knowing: Embodied Investigations of the Unstable, Slippery and Incomplete’ perhaps captures everything that this issue was intended to be. It aims for a ‘politics of transmateriality’, not only in theory but in a series of practices/artworks. These works include highly original robotics pieces in which somewhat “neurotic” robots find themselves in a situation which is quite literally ‘unstable, slippery and incomplete’ (thus the robotic neurosis that arises). In Zwischenräume [In-between Spaces], a robotic installation still in the making, ‘a group of autonomous robots punch holes into the walls’ of a gallery ‘to inspect what’s outside, signal each other, and conspire’.
Kristoffer Gansing, in his ‘The Transversal Generic: Media-Archaeology and Network Culture’, ports François Laruelle’s concept of the generic into a testing of the limits and movements of media archaeology. He suggests there is now a ‘generic archaeological impulse’ that is often key within the use of media, and that this means “new” media are increasingly concerned with pasts, not the future. This—along with its ability to rethink media definitions, relations and actual instances with an archaeologist’s attention to specificity—perhaps makes the emergence of media archaeology so important. Yet Gansing suggests that the take up of the ‘generic archaeological impulse’ in general culture (and as part of contemporary Capital within the cultures of digital and networked media) also leads us to question some aspects of media archaeology from within. In the process Gansing discusses a number of key media art works (such as Google Will Eat Itself). He also provides a fascinating thinking through of that most humble of media technologies, the overhead projector.
Michael Dieter takes on the question of struggle, the local and transversality quite directly in ‘The Becoming Environmental of Power: Tactical Media After Control’. In an extremely subtle reading of both Foucault’s security dispositif and De Certeau’s concept of ‘practices’, Dieter provides a welcome rethinking of priorities of relation between strategies, tactics and general politics, insofar as these involve tactical media. The stakes are high. Dieter contextualises media-related activism within ‘what Brian Massumi has described as the globally amplifying threats for large-scale disruption characteristic of the becoming environmental of power’. He aims to give ‘a different conceptual approach for critical media art projects in terms of ontopolitical problematics’.
In ‘Programmable Platform? Drupal, Modularity, and the Future of the Web’, Fenwick McKelvey gives a detailed account of the modular nature of Drupal, alongside an account of Simondon’s concept of information. McKelvey explores the nature of the ‘programmability’ of platforms such as Drupal, and of ‘programmability’ in general. He does so via a consideration of both his general commitment to FOSS and one specific instance of this at the juncture of the technical and the social—an internship at Rosario, Argentina with a women’s rights organization in the city.
All the articles in this issue of the Fibreculture Journal give voice to the transformative nature and powers of contemporary media’s new worlds and engagements, even as these so often stutter and stumble. This issue critically explores the specific dynamics of digital, networked and informational media in the light of the constant transformations, micro and macro, that are these media’s very power, if also their difficulty. The articles address these media’s own ecologies of ongoing transformation, and/or their co-evolution with other worlds (social and political worlds, natural worlds, the worlds of science, or art, of pleasure, of philosophy and theory).
To give this precision, we sought articles for this issue, theoretical or analytic, critical and/or propositional, that engaged with contemporary media worlds within the parameters (or “conceptual parametrics”) of three concepts: transduction, transmateriality, transversality. We began from the assumption that the lifeblood of digital, networked and informational media is to be found in transductions (the relay of forces, for example in a corkscrew, in the modulation of a video signal by audio data or in the formation of a crystalline structure) (Mackenzie, 2002 and Shaviro, 2006). ‘Transmateriality’ is a term recently developed by Mitchell Whitelaw—one that allows us to think very specifically about the complex yet insistent materiality that works within transductive events, including those involving contemporary media, which are so often seen as somehow only immaterial. If computing allows for an ‘incredibly dynamic, pliable set of techniques for manipulating the material environment’ (Whitelaw, 2009), then transmateriality suggests ‘the extension of transduction to an understanding of the material relations and transformations involved in a computing immersed in the material world’. In this, computers are taken to be ‘material machines dedicated to propagating a behavioral illusion, or call it a working model, of immateriality’ (Kirschenbaum, 2005; see also Kirschenbaum, 2008). ‘Transmateriality is an attempt to “ground” the digital without losing sight of its (let’s say) generative capacities’ (Whitelaw, 2009). Through all this runs an obvious transversality, from which it seems much of contemporary culture, and some of media disciplines and industries, tend to run but from which they cannot hide. ‘Transversality’ is a transformative mobility—for better or worse—through different systems (that can be at once technical, but also social, political, natural). It could be seen perhaps something of a conceptual or pragmatic choice (to think or act ‘transversally’). So it has something of an ethical dimension. However, it also makes an onto-genetic claim: to think or act transversally is to more effectively immerse ourselves in the kind of ongoing and real onto-genesis that is the world. Transversality tends to be lateral, rather than hierarchical—or rather it eschews, as it undoes, both the vertical and the horizontal. A transversal connection does not just connect fields or sets of pre-existing relations. It transforms the things/events that are brought into connected networks.
All these ‘trans’ indicate events that are at once material, technical and social. This issue did not require submissions to engage with the thinkers behind these ideas. Rather, transduction, transmateriality and transversality were meant as catalysts for experiments in radical empiricism, for immersions in the dynamic relations that distribute themselves within new media worlds.
Yet part of this catalysis of radical empiricism has involved important and detailed accounts of key concepts and thinkers of things “trans”. John Tinnell’s ‘Transversalising the Ecological Turn: Four Components of Felix Guattari’s Ecosophical Perspective’ is a more than timely and thorough account of the ecosophy of Félix Guattari. Tinnell suggests that Guattari’s work on ecosophy has been strangely neglected at times, as has its relation to his also strangely neglected work on ‘post-media’. Thinking these together gives us a different understanding of ‘transversality’, one that might help accomplish the now crucial task of thinking environment and media ecologies together. Tinnell suggests that ‘Guattari’s conception of post-media is true to his idea of the “new aesthetic paradigm”, which, at a basic level, involves the explosion of artistic techniques and mentalities into arenas of social practice and institutional politics’. By ‘taking a post-media stance towards emergent media, we can think the new and think it collectively, but only to the extent that we develop digital practices capable of producing a new (ecosophical) relation between individual subjectivity and the collective thought’ and, of course, the environment.
Gilbert Simondon’s work is taken up by several articles in this issue. Simondon’s work on transduction and individuation is finally being taken up on a larger scale within thinking on a range of media and other issues. So we are pleased to provide what we think is an important contribution to this taking up of Simondon’s work, here in thinking about media issues. In a dramatic and original rethinking of the interaction design of what they call ‘interactive environments’—Christoph Brunner and Jonas Fritsch’s ‘Interactive Environments as Fields of Transduction’ effectively transversalises interaction design. They move what is already a dynamic field of work beyond the phenomenological, embodied interaction, and certainly many of its previous more cognitivist theoretical iterations (as useful as all these might be). In doing so, they move interaction design towards a consideration of field as such. They discuss Rafael Lozano-Hemmer’s artwork Voz Alta, and an interaction design experiment they themselves undertook, Impossible Room, in order to lay out a radical “template” for rethinking the very nature of interaction design. As part of the basis for this template, they detail Simondon’s thinking on information, emotion and more.
Simon Mills’ ‘Concrete Software: Simondon’s mechanology and the techno-social’ gives a detailed account of Simondon’s often ambiguous relation to the social. Mills rethinks Simondon’s better known work on the associated milieu and concretization via the lesser known work on human cultural progress in ‘The Limits of Human Progress: A Critical Study’ (Simondon, 2010). He analyses the Foreign Exchange Market and the Twitter API in glorious detail along these lines. Mills’ important and different understanding of Simondon and the social makes room for Simondon as a thinker who allows us to ‘capture the reality of the ongoing operation’ of ‘recursive relations’.
Troy Rhoades, in ‘From Representation to Sensation: The Transduction of Images in John F. Simon Jr.’s ‘Every Icon’, gives a highly precise and detailed account of a specific series of occasions of transduction, between art and science, in John F. Simon Jr,’s well-known internet art work. In the process Rhoades allows us to rethink while maintaining the relations between science and art, and gives what has to some extent been a missing account of the “body” and the “thing”, as these concepts were deployed by Deleuze and Guattari in What is Philosophy?. This allows us to rethink body and thing, and art and technology in terms of transduction.
Vince Dziekan’s ‘Anxious Atmospheres: the Transdisciplinary Practice of United Visual Artists’ rethinks the transdisciplinary—especially as this works, in both practice and theory, between traditional arts such as architecture, design and electronic arts. Dziekan has a specific interest in ‘reinterpreting the aesthetic conditions associated with exhibition’. He gives a detailed account of the way in which London-based art and design practice United Visual Artists, or UVA, create responsive installations that bring alive the transdisciplinary (along with a rich transversality and transmateriality).
In thinking through various events as “trans”—via the concepts and practices associated with transduction, transversality, and transmateriality, the issue first argues for the urgency and necessity of taking the complexity of transversal events and relations into account at the junctures of technology, the social and the environment. Second, the Trans issue gathers what is effectively a new wave in thinking about media differently, particularly about the way that digital and networked (although not only digital and networked) media further, complicate and sometimes simply allow us to understand and engage with things/events that are “trans”.
Each of the articles in the Fibreculture Journal 18, Trans issue demonstrates that any individual/individuating/social or natural ecology is to some extent a network, and any network involves an ecologies of transversals. Crucially, the micro-reconstitution of relations is as important as, if not more so than, the macro-reconstitution of somewhat illusory states (see Fuller, 2010; Murphie, 2006; Raunig, 2008).
Andrew Murphie would like to acknowledge the support of the Australian Research Council. This is one outcome of an ARC Discovery grant concerning “dynamic media”, on which he worked in partnership with Anna Munster, Adrian Mackenzie, Brian Massumi, Mat Wall-Smith and others. He would also like to acknowledge: Erin Manning and Senselab, Concordia University, Montréal; the Digital Urban Living Center at The Department of Information and Media at Århus University, Denmark; and of course the staff of the School of English, Media and Performing Arts at the University of New South Wales, Sydney. This issue would certainly not have been possible without the support of all these people and institutions. As always, a huge debt of gratitude to the Fibreculture Journal’s manager, Mat Wall-Smith.
Adrian Mackenzie (Centre for Social and Economic Aspects of Genomics, Lancaster University) researchs in the area of technology, science and culture. He has published books on technology: Transductions : bodies and machines at speed (London: Continuum, 2002/6); Cutting code: software and sociality (New York: Peter Lang, 2006; and Wirelessness: Radical Empiricism in Network Cultures (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2010), as well as articles on media, science and culture. He is currently working on practices, ethics and politics of collaboration in biology.
Andrew Murphie (University of New South Wales, Sydney) <https://www.andrewmurphie.org/> works at the junction of contemporary and future media and social change, cultural theory and theories of perception/the events of thinking. He also has interests in interaction design, education, new publishing, electronic arts and music, and the history of modeling media and cognition, and its social impacts. He is the Editor of the open access, online journal, the Fibreculture Journal (https://fibreculturejournal.org/) and co-author, with John Potts, of Culture and Technology. Recent chapter publications include: ‘Performance as the Distribution of Life: from Aeschylus to Chekhov to VJing via Deleuze and Guattari’, ‘Differential Life, Perception and the Nervous Elements..on the Technics of Living’, ‘Deleuze, Guattari and Neuroscience’ and, with Lone Bertelsen, ‘An Ethics of Everyday Infinities and Powers: Félix Guattari on Affect and the Refrain’. Andrew also works with Senselab in Montréal.
Mitchell Whitelaw (University of Canberra) is an academic, writer and artist with interests in new media art and culture, especially generative systems and data-aesthetics. His work has appeared in journals including Leonardo, Digital Creativity, Fibreculture, and Senses and Society. In 2004 his work on a-life art was published in the book Metacreation: Art and Artificial Life (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2004). His current work spans generative art and design, digital materiality, and data visualisation. He is currently an Associate Professor in the Faculty of Arts and Design at the University of Canberra, where he leads the Master of Digital Design. He blogs at The Teeming Void. |
Our cultural identity: Experience the culture and heritage of Cyprus Course Description Culture has the power to transform entire societies, strengthen local communities and forge a sense of identity and belonging for
Our cultural identity: Experience the culture and heritage of Cyprus
Culture has the power to transform entire societies, strengthen local communities and forge a sense of identity and belonging for people of all ages. Youth can act as a bridge between cultures and serve as key agents in promoting peace and intercultural understanding.
Culture is defined as the language, beliefs, values, heritage etc. for any society/country and also identifies the people of each country.
This course is addressed to young people and youth workers who want to discover and explore the cultural heritage of Cyprus and its hidden gems that make it a unique part of Europe. During the course you will discover Cyprus’ rich history and culture, explore the traditions and customs of the island and meet the most popular ancient jobs and local products thus offering a magnificent transnational experience. Whatever the season is, Cyprus offers the opportunity to everyone to experience something new, interesting and exciting such as wine making as Cyprus has been a vine-growing and wine-producing country for millennia, or maybe experience the traditional use of ‘roses’ for making a plethora of rose products, or explore the national part of Akamas following one of the many nature trails reaching the turtles, or even getting to know the locals’ habits at the well-known ‘kafenio’ for an intercultural debate.
Come to Cyprus explore and enjoy the weather, sandy beaches, mountains, traditional food, culture, people, hospitality and many more!
- The importance of cultural-awareness for promoting European values
- The Cultural Heritage of Cyprus
- Getting to know the ancient wine-growing and wine-producing through the years
- Meet the popular wine routes of Cyprus
- The green heart of Cyprus – From Troodos mountains to the national part of Akamas
- Reflect on urbanisation and re-visit rural life
- Gastronomy: taste the local products
- Learn the basics of the Greek Language
Aims in relation to the development of your organisation
- Promoting cultural awareness and historical heritage of a European country
- Equipping youth with European values of unity and diversity
- Empowering youth with civic competences
- Enriching language learning
- Reflecting on urbanization and sustainable development
- Exploring civic and social engagement and participation in non-formal learning activities
- Improve the cultural heritage competences of young people and youth workers
6 (Monday) 9:00 am - 11 (Saturday) 5:00 pm
P, 3 A-D, Πολύβιου Δημητρακόπουλου, Λευκωσία 1090 |
Frequently used in meetings to commemorate some tragic event. A minute of silence may be observed nation-wide on certain occasions, notably to commemorate the dead of a World War. A silent minute was instigated on the occasion of the eclipse on 11th August 1999.
In human intercourse the tragedy begins, not when there is misunderstanding about words, but when silence is not understood. Then there can never be an explanation. Silence is the universal refuge, the sequel to all dull discourses and all foolish acts, a balm to our every chagrin, as welcome after satiety as after disappointment. (Henry David Thoreau). |
The Atlantic Alliance of Montenegro organized a conference on the topic “The truth at the time of disinformation – how vulnerable and how do we fight?” At the “Center Ville” hotel in Podgorica.
The conference began at ten o’clock, and Savo Kentera, president of the Atlantic Alliance of Montenegro, opened the same speech and greeted all participants.
“Disinformation is just one of the instruments for implementing strategic foreign policy interests as well as strengthening the international position,” Kenter said, and called on US Ambassador to Montenegro Judy Rising Reinke to address a few words.
“It’s a pleasure to be here in this program of the Atlantic Alliance. I would like to thank the Atlantic Alliance, especially Mr. Sava Kenteri in partnership, to organize programs such as those aimed at educating people in Montenegro and beyond, “the ambassador said.
In the further part of the conference, through panel discussions, panelists talked about the experiences, lessons learned and importance of strategic partnerships in the fight against disinfection in the first panel.
The panel moderator was Savo Kenter. Milan Jovanović, from the Atlantic Alliance of Montenegro, presented the two case studies with the presentation of the importance of true news. After him, Chris Donelly, director of the Institute for Statecraft in the UK, spoke. He talked about his work experience, about developing democracy as the main actor in reducing misinformation, that is, “the truth instead of false news”. “The world is changing at a rapid pace, faster than ever in the last 200 years,” said Donelly.
After a short break, another panel was held within the conference.
The panel’s moderator was Marko Savić, a teaching assistant at the Faculty of Political Science, and panelists were Mihailo Jovović, program director of ND Vijesti, Božena Jelušić, literary professor, and Draško Đuranović – director and editor-in-chief of the Pobjeda list.
The theme of the panel was: “Media literacy as a driver of social resilience to threats brought about by disinformation”. |
I'm Eric Kiel, and I am a hacker at heart. I love to learn about all sorts of technology whether it be the latest smart phone down to the RFID tags that are attached to the razor blades you buy. As for my real job, I am a Sr Systems Engineer at Dell EMC. Data protection, integrity and accessibility is some of my favorite technology. What good is your data if it breaks, contaminated or locked in a box?
I obsess over things when they break and often have the best ideas when I break something or I'm in the shower (whichever happens first). The views on this site are my own and do not reflect my employer.
You can find some of my projects on GitHub
You can mail me @ eric-dot-kiel-at-collideoscope.org or follow me on Twitter @3ricKiel |
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Information in E-mail messages send by Laselektrodenlasdraden.nl is exclusively intended for the specific addressee. Use of this information by the others then addressee is not permitted. Laselektrodenlasdraden.nl does not vouch for correct and complete transferral of contents of sent e-mails or for swift reception of it. From information transmitted can in an absolutely no manner rights be derived. |
I needed a horse day this month. A day to just be with horses, connecting and healing. After spending the day soaking up horse energy, I brought my camera out as the sun went down. I was approached by several mares in the herd and spent several minutes with each one, as they took turns approaching me, inhaling to take in my scent, and allowing me to touch, rub, or scratch them. This image represents my experience that day, allowing "the approach" of each horse who chose to be with me.
This image was taken at Mystic Meadows Genetics, home of the Pegasus Project in Lockwood, California on November 10, 2023. This is the venue for one of the 2024 Equine Photography Workshops. The image has been added to the Fine Art Gallery.
Copyright ©2024 Essence Captured and Lori Sortino. All rights reserved. |
“The more you empower kids, the more they can do,” said one Providence actor after working with Rhode Island public school students in the Arts/ Literacy Project, based at Brown University’s education department. The following factors are fundamental to the approach, which links local artists with classroom teachers and students to create performances and boost literacy:
Literacy and Performance Objectives. All the work of the performance unit–writing, reading, theater activities, rehearsals, and performance–aim toward specific and clearly stated literacy and performance objectives (such as those of New Standards and the National Standards for Arts Education).
Culminating Performance. All Arts/Literacy units culminate in a student performance in front of an audience including at least students and teachers.
Return to Text. At various points during the unit, Arts/Literacy classrooms return to the original text to deepen student comprehension or writing development and to evaluate literacy learning.
Teachers and Artists as Collaborators. The teaching team of teacher and artist co-plan and co-teach the unit, actively facilitating daily classroom activities.
Students as Artists. Performances draw on students’ skills, knowledge, and culture in a student-centered environment where the students become actors, writers, and directors.
Experience Live Theater. Visiting professional theater performances inspires the students to set a high standard for their own performances. It also creates a common theater language and experience for the teacher, artist, and student, providing a glimpse into the vocation and culture of the professional artist.
Reflective Practice. Teachers, artists, and students reflect on their own teaching and learning on both a daily and a unit level and discuss ways to improve their work.
For more information, contact the Arts/Literacy Project at (401) 863-7785 (401) 863-7785 or on the Web at www.artslit.org. |
Information Possibly Outdated
The information presented on this page was originally released on January 20, 2003. It may not be outdated, but please search our site for more current information. If you plan to quote or reference this information in a publication, please check with the Extension specialist or author before proceeding.
MSU faculty contribute to dairy encyclopedia
MISSISSIPPI STATE -- Got milk questions? International experts including several Mississippi State University faculty members provide answers about dairy science "from paddock to plate" in a newly released encyclopedia.
John Fuquay, dairy science professor emeritis at MSU, is one of three editors for "The Encyclopedia of Dairy Sciences," an extensive and authoritative source of information on the subject. The Major Reference Works Division of Academic Press is publishing this first-of-its kind, four-volume collection of 427 articles. The dairy science encyclopedia is part of a series of encyclopedias, others of which focus on food science, microbiology, meat animal science, reproduction and other topics.
Fuquay found authors for the dairy production portion of the encyclopedia and edited their work included in the volumes. He also wrote a chapter on the effects of heat and stress on reproduction. Other contributions from MSU's Animal and Dairy Science Department include Peter Ryan's article on labor and delivery in dairy cattle, Terry Smith's article on feeding dry and newly lactating cattle and Scott Willard's article on reproductive cycles in seasonal breeders. Retired MSU professor Joe Bearden contributed an article on leptospirosis.
Additional MSU faculty contributing to the book include Dr. Richard Hopper of the College of Veterinary Medicine, who submitted an article on external parasites related to mange, dermatitis and dermatosis on dairy cattle. Charles White, professor of food science and technology, wrote an article on the handling, storage and transportation of raw milk.
The primary audiences for the encyclopedia are researchers, educators, dairy company managers, dairy Extension personnel, dairy consultants, undergraduate and graduate students, people involved in economic and nutritional policymaking, and the media.
Contact: Dr. John Fuquay, (662) 325-2802 |
Information Possibly Outdated
The information presented on this page was originally released on August 23, 2012. It may not be outdated, but please search our site for more current information. If you plan to quote or reference this information in a publication, please check with the Extension specialist or author before proceeding.
MSU veterinary student wins national scholarship
MISSISSIPPI STATE – A Mississippi State University veterinary student interested in bovine health recently won a national scholarship.
Matt Mundy, a third-year student at the MSU College of Veterinary Medicine, received an American Association of Bovine Practitioners’ Amstutz Scholarship. This is the first time an MSU student has received this prestigious award.
Mundy received his bachelor’s degree in animal science from MSU in 1996. After graduation, he worked for Aesland Farms in north Mississippi before embarking on a career farming cattle and row crops. His experiences owning, operating and managing a large cattle operation led him to shadow veterinarians and ultimately return to MSU to pursue his doctor of veterinary medicine degree.
Canadian-born Mundy grew up in Carrollton, Ga., but plans to return to Canada after graduation, as he has already secured a job with Metzger Veterinary Services in Ontario. He intends to be a food animal practitioner and focus on the health of feedlot cattle.
“My family has a history of working in the medical field,” Mundy said. “My dad, granddad and uncle built great reputations by caring for their clients’ individual needs, and I hope to do the same.”
The $7,500 scholarship is named for a leading authority on bovine diseases, Dr. Harold E. Amstutz. He is also known for developing national and international organizations devoted to bovine veterinary practice, including the AABP, which is an international professional organization of more than 6,000 veterinarians specializing in bovine medicine. |
One of the UK’s founder Online Rock Radio Stations is Back ON AIR in January 2022 but listen to our test transmissions in the meantime.
It’s been a while now but we are back on air 24/7 with a mix of new and old rock from around the globe. We are always looking to add new music to out playlists and you can contact our programming director, Nigel Roberts at [email protected]
if you have anything that you think we may be interested to hear? DJ hosted shows are coming at the start of 2022 and we’re also interested in hearing from anyone who’s interested in hosting a show for Extreme Radio |
Speaking of exotically named desserts [my post on kouign amann] I had some friends over for a very informal evening and decided to make a cherry clafoutis [Slate] as an easy but tasty dessert. Came out well, I think, nicely in between being cakey and custardy. And of course this is getting to be a great time of year for local cherries.
In reading more about them I came across a sort of cousin from Brittany (clafoutis comes from Limousin [Foodreference.com] in south-central France) called a "Far Breton." [Epicurious] That's a beautifully evocative name for a dessert. Sorta like a Paris-Brest [Martha Stewart], though I'm doubtful I'll ever make one of those complex bicycle-wheel-looking creampuff things. |
The Advantage of Linux
Setting up Apache
Starting and Testing Apache
Recently an article was published in Linux Gazette entitled Web Page Design Under Linux. This article produced some criticism in later issues. The main criticism seems to have been of the authors preference for hand coding HTML rather than using a HTML editor like the Windows HotDog editor. This is an argument I do not really want to get involved with. Neither do I want to spend much time on style. Whilst in most cases users want simple fast loading, clear pages, there will always be a place for garish eye candy, huge graphics and all kinds of complexities that take forever to download on a 28k modem. What I do want to address are the great things that linux offers. Great things that are free and would cost a fortune to implement on other operating systems. In particular I shall explain how to set your linux box up to be your own intranet server, and thereby fully exploit the abilities Linux offers for designing applications for the Web.
One point I think needs making, and which does not fit in with the rest of this article, is the Plugger Plug-in for Netscape Navigator. In the past many people have complained that Netscape plug-ins are not generally available for Linux. Plugger from http://fredrik.hubbe.net/plugger.html, seeks to address this by providing support for many audio/video/image types.
By way of introduction though, I will put my two penny worth into the 'editor argument'. I have never yet found a HTML editor that I like! I am writing this article in StarOffice 5.0. I have never used it to write HTML so this is something of a test. I expect I'll have to edit the source when I finish writing. Another editor that seems as good as any other I have tried is the composer part of Netscape Communicator. I find this irritating, very very irritating. Why? Because I like my text to be fully justified. OK I know that some people think that full justification 'goes against the spirit of HTML', but personally I would rather read text that is fully justified than text which is not. I do not believe I am alone in this preference.
What happens with Netscape is that after I have spent a couple of hours designing some pages until I am happy with them, I load them all into vi and change every occurrence of <P> into <P align=justify>, which can take some time if I've written a lot of text. Now a little later I want to make some changes, so I load the pages into Netscape Composer and I make some changes. But whist Communicator understands <P align=justify>, Composer does not. In fact Composer does not allow <P align=justify> and changes each occurrence back to <P>.... Bummer... I have to re-edit all the source by hand again. If I thought there was some advantage to using Composer, rather than hand writing my HTML I guess I would write a little program to search HTML files for <P> and replace with <P align=justify>. But this is not the only short coming of HTML wysiwyg editors. They just don't seem able to do exactly what I want, how I want.
OK in fairness I am now impressed with StarOffice! Although there is no button to give full justification, it is easy to edit the Text Body style so that full justification is automatic. It is also easy to automatically indent the first line of a paragraph, set double line spacing etc. etc. Maybe I will be converted to using a wysiwyg editor for my HTML after all.
One feature that seems to be missing from StarOffice 5.0, is any easy way to define lists. Tables are well supported, but lists are not. I guess that it should be possible to define some new styles to allow the use of different kinds of list, but one would have thought that a button should be available for them. Also given the different kinds of list available for HTML, one might find that the styles menu becomes cumbersome and more difficult than it should be.
OK simple layouts are quicker with a HTML editor, but if you want full control you have to hand edit at some point. So to my way of thinking if you want to write good HTML you must learn HTML. It is a very bad idea to to think you can skip learning HTML by getting an editor that works like a word processor. You will not have the skills you need to produce good web pages. HTML is very easy to learn. Once you know it then you might find that Netscape or StarOffice provide useful tools to help you. But please do not think such tools replace the need to be able to hand code HTML.
The essential document to read if you want to produce great Web-Pages efficiently is HTML 4.0 (W3C: HTML 4.0 Specification), this is the full Document Type Definition for HTML and SGML. For once I have taken my own advice and read it! The problems I mention above regarding text formatting have all been solved for me! I look at the HTML source StarOffice has given, whilst I am impressed, I am not happy. Again I think that an editor like vi or emacs really is better and more efficient than using a wysiwyg editor.
The reason is that HTML 4.0 allows the use of Style Sheets. This article depends upon the use of a style sheet, special.css. This is a document that says how a browser should render my document. An important feature is that browsers that cannot display certain things (e.g. graphics) are not disadvantaged. All browsers can access this page in the way I intend them to. In the past authors have been forced to use techniques to format their pages that cannot be displayed correctly on all browsers. Propriety HTML extensions, the conversion of text into graphics, the use of images for white space control, the use of tables for layout and even the use of programs, have all been used to format text, all these methods cause difficulty for users and extra work for developers. The correct use of style sheets avoids these problems.
Once you are familiar with the use of style sheets, it will not matter how badly Netscape Composer performs, or how unfamiliar you are with StarOffice, using an editor like vi, really can be simpler than using something like Hotdog. Load my style sheet into your favorite editor and see for yourself how easy it is to change the look and feel of this document (this link and the one above are to an identical copy called special.txt, so that you can see the source without the browser parsing it).
Even as I am writing this document, I have found yet another web browser for linux! This one is worh some attention since it is produced by the W3 consortium, the same people who define the HTML specification. In fact this is the browser they use to test their specification. The following text is displayed when you start it for the first time:-
This browser certainly has some advantages. The version I have is still beta (1.3b), so there are some short comings. I found that the File - Open Document dialog can resize its file box so it is non-functional. Also for some reason not all directories can appear in the directory box. At least one can specify the required file in the URL box! The fact that the manual does not come with the package is a definate minus for me.
What is nice about the browser is the pleasent way it renders pages. This page, for instance, uses full text justification, Amaya can actually split words in the traditional manner when required.
The really nice thing about this browser is the fact that you can edit files as you browse them. So if you are creating a document with many pages it is easy to switch between them. The down side of this is that there seems to be no way to to edit or view document source. Something that I would like to see in other browsers is the ability to create a "Table of Contents", with Amaya you can generate one based on the <H...> elements in your document. This will pop up as a seperate window and allow you to easily navigate through a document that has no links of its own.
At about 4.5 Megbytes, this is probably a very good alternative to StarOffice if you do not have the disk space required for StarOffice. I am certainly interested in seeing how this browser develops in the future. If you want to give it a try you can obtain it from the Amaya homepage. Additionaly there was a review of an earlier release of Amaya in Linux Gazette some years ago see issue 15. All I have to add to that review is that improvements must have been made. It seems the same in appearence as the screen shots show. Amaya displays the old style of Linux Gazette Contents pages quite well, but the new style in the last three or four issues is completey garbled. When Amaya starts up it no longer looks for a page on its home site, and I have not seen it seg fault as described. On the whole it does a very good job.
Now I've got that out of my system I'll get on to my main point. Drum roll please..... With linux it is simple to build a system you can gain http access to. Trumpet fanfare please.
Even if, like me, you are a stand alone machine, with no kind of network, it is easy to start up your favorite browser and http:// yourself. This means you can get into the wonderful worlds of cgi scripts, client server applications, java. etc. etc. etc. Without the need to access a 'real' network you can test any network application you care to develop for the Internet. You can test every aspect of your web design without wasting a phone bill. You can test applications safe in the knowledge that no matter what mistakes are in your code, only the machine you are using will be at risk, the "real" network will be unaffected until you decide your code is working correctly.
Web page design is not just about putting text/graphics and links onto the Internet. Increasingly it is about providing good user interfaces to network applications and providing an efficient means of communication. In the past only the largest corporations could afford to implement a WAN (Wide area network). Today anybody with a modem and pc can join the Internet, or implement their own intranet (a private network that acts in the same way as the Internet).
To illustrate my points consider the following scenario. You own a small tobacconists and live in a village called Tiny. Because the village is small you do not have many customers, so you don't sell items in vast numbers. That means you do not buy in large quantities from your suppliers and you cannot get the kind of discounts larger shops would get. But you have many relations and friends in other, similar villages who also run small tobacconists. If you all clubbed together and ordered your supplies as one entity you could take the discount advantages of bulk buying from your suppliers. The only problem is knowing which shop needs what items at any given time. You know that the discounts you would get would allow you to employ a van driver to deliver to all the shops and still leave each shop a significant saving.
How can web design under linux help you solve this problem?
The 'man with a van' needs information, what to buy in what quantity and where to deliver it. This sounds like a classic database application. Linux offers many sql database solutions. We want to keep costs to a minimum, we also want to maximize security and reliability. So good choices might be ingres or postgreSQL. If we look at these DBMS's we find that postgreSQL comes with a java interface. So lets say we design a suitable database with postgreSQL. This database will be held on a box that will be our server.
What we need is the ability for each shop to communicate with the server to tell it what stock we need to buy in. Shop keepers do not have to be computer literate. They also do not want to spend much money on computer systems. At least at this time it is unlikely that they could be persuaded to learn a UNIX operating system like linux. Cheap boxes already have Windows. An ideal solution is one where each shop can dial into the server, the manager can start up his/her favorite browser and use it to enter information to the server. It should not matter what operating system each shop uses.
What does our server need to do?
The first thing is to get Apache set up and running. Apache is a web server and comes with most if not all linux distributions as standard. What is not always clear is how to set it up correctly. This is something an installation program cannot do (easily) and needs to be done by hand. It is Apache that allows us to http ourselves. Of course, we will also need to allow remote machines to dial into our server, but that is a matter outside the scope of this document.
Once Apache is running we can design a java application to act as a user interface to our database.
We can test both the client and the server parts of our application on our server until we are certain it performs as required.
Then all we need to do is allow the shopkeepers to be able to dial into the server and gain access via their browsers to the java database interface.
The wonderful thing is that at the test stage we only need to use one linux box which acts as both client and server at the same time.
If you do not already know, then Apache is one of the most common http servers in existence. A great many ISP's (Internet Service Providers) use Apache to give their clients (i.e. You) access to the world wide web.
This document does not attempt to address the requirements of a true Internet or intranet server. All I am concerned with here is getting Apache up and running on a standalone machine so that client/server software can be tested. In particular I am not concerned with security issues here. If you do not intend to have a permanent network connection then all should be well. If you intend other machines to have access to your http server then you should read all the relevant documentation. Complete configuration of Apache can be a very complex issue which does not fall within the scope of this document.
Modern Linux distributions, such as S.u.S.E., have special requirements for setting up Apache correctly. To avoid confusion please read the documentation that came with both your linux distribution and your Apache distribution. The following steps will work for any Linux distribution, but be warned, if your distribution has special requirements I cannot be responsible for getting your system startup files in a mess.
For instance I shall describe how to start Apache automatically at boot time by adding a line to your /etc/inittab. Whilst some Slackware users will benefit from this approach S.u.S.E. users should find that it is better to edit their /etc/rc.config file in the appropriate manner.
These steps will prepare your machine for the installation of Apache. You might find that Apache is already installed, following the above steps will not hurt such installations.
127.0.0.1 localhost 127.0.0.2 Hawklord.Varteg Hawklord
ALL: 127.0.0.1 ALL: 0.0.0.0 ALL: localhost ALL: Hawklord.Varteg
If Apache is not already installed, find a pre-compiled version and install it as per the instructions. You should find that configuration files are placed under /etc/httpd, and other files are installed under /usr/local/httpd.
The directory /usr/local/httpd/htdocs should contain the Apache user manual in html format. Actually this directory will become the root directory of our http site, so you may want to move this documentation elsewhere eg. /usr/doc/Apache.
When you log into a http site, eg http://linux.org, you find yourself at the root of what can be a very complicated directory structure. You can think of a http site as being a file system just like your own root file system. Whilst it is true that to a user the http site will look like a regular file system, the reality on the servers hard disk(s) can be very different. It is important to understand the differences and use them to your advantage.
On my system the document root is at /usr/local/httpd/htdocs, and this is the directory a user lands in when they access http://Hawklord.Varteg. But there is only one file and no sub-directories on my hard disk. I only keep index.html in the physical location /usr/local/httpd/htdocs. All the documentation users can access is held in other locations on my hard disks.
Looking again at /usr/local/httpd you should find other sub-directories, in particular cgi-bin and icons. These directories should seem to be located under your document root because they will contain files that should be available to any html file on your site that requires them. Though a user should not be able to directly access these directories. Much of my documentation is under /usr/doc, so I make that directory appear as /doc to the http server.
What this means is that you can store all your documentation on the server in locations that seem logical to you, you do not need to copy files or even make symbolic links to /usr/local/httpd/htdocs. Instead plan how you want your documentation to appear to a user. Also you can have directories that users cannot directly access, but which html documents can access.
For instance, the directory /usr/doc/ contains
Linux_gazette Howto Ldp java-documentation
I also want to access files under /usr/hobbies/literature and /usr/src/java/applets
I want my site to have the following structure:
/ ---> cgi-bin docs ---> Linux_gazette Howto Ldp java-documentation literature icons java_applets
Planning your http site in this way will save you headaches in the future!
/etc/httpd/httpd.conf is the main configuration file for Apache. Some versions of Apache and/or Linux distributions recommend that all configuration information is kept in this file. Other versions recommend that you use all three files I shall mention below. If you want to keep all information in one file, simply put all the information in one file, there is no real difference between the two methods. You will find that the example files will contain sufficient comments to enable you to make the best choices for your system. I am only going to describe the changes you need to make to get Apache to work for you. Careful reading of the files will let you configure Apache better for your needs.
I am aware that a TCL configuration utility called Comanche exists for Apache. However, this is still in an early stage of development, so I do not recommend it for beginners. I found in practice the utility would not function correctly if you use only httpd.conf to configure your system. However it could prove useful for experimenting with different configurations.
For each line in the configuration files you can assume that your example file has a correct or sensible entry, unless I specifically mention it. Back up the examples before you make any changes!
This file contains site specific information. It is where we define how our site will look to a user.
Alias /cgi-bin/ /usr/local/httpd/cgi-bin/ Alias /docs/ /usr/doc/ Alias /docs/Linux_gazette/ /usr/doc/Linux_gazette/ Alias /docs/Howto/ /usr/doc/Howto/ Alias /docs/LDP/ /usr/doc/LDP/ Alias /docs/java-documentation/ /usr/doc/java-documentation/ Alias /docs/literature/ /usr/hobbies/literature/ Alias /icons/ /usr/local/httpd/icons/ Alias /java_applets/ /usr/src/java/compiled/
This file contains permissions for our sites directories. If. when you test your configuration by starting httpd and pointing your browser to (eg.) http://Hawklord, or http://localhost (both will work for the above example), you get a file access error you will need to alter this file. Each directory in your site should have its own entry.
By default Apache has a very restricted set of permissions for the root directory, I have found that changing to:
<Directory /> Options All Order allow,deny Allow from all Options FollowSymLinks </Directory>
solved some problems for me. It is important to realize that a directory inherits its permissions from its parent directory. So if you want to allow outside access to your site you need to take great care when setting up your directory permissions.
Once you are satisfied that you have correctly installed and configured Apache, you will want to test it! Log into your machine as root. At the prompt type:
#: httpd &
Now you can log into your machine as any user, start your favorite browser and enter the URL http://localhost. If all goes well you should load the Apache site file index.html. That is unless you moved the Apache documentation and provided your own index.html in /usr/local/httpd/htdocs
Once you ar satisfied that all is well, you will want to have httpd start at system boot time. Some Linux distributions, such as Red-Hat or S.u.S.E. will have a script to start Apache in their init.d directory. If this is the case then you just need to enable the script for sys V init in the normal manner.
As an alternative you can put the following line in your /etc/inittab
'ap' must be a unique identifier. '45' refers to the runlevels for which the command will be executed. Once is probably safer to use than 'respawn', since if there is a mistake in this line you will see a lot of error messages ;-(
The final part of the line '/bin/su --command=/usr/sbin/httpd', is intended to start up Apache as a process owned by wwwrun. It would be wise to test this command before you put it in your /etc/inittab.
If you have Apache running, and a large linux installation, then you might want to consider implementing a search engine. S.u.S.E. Linux provides htdig, in fact to gain full benefit from the S.u.S.E. Help System you need to use something like htdig. The only problem is the disk space you will need. I have a 1Gig partition devoted to documentation, this may seem a lot to many users! I have a lot of personal documentation, program documentation (increasingly this is HTML), all issues of Linux Gazette, Gimp documentation, java documentation etc. This takes about 500 Meg. The database htdig uses is between 200 - 300 Meg on my system. To update the database I need 200 - 300 Meg spare under /tmp. Actually when I update the database I change the location of /tmp since I do not have enough space on my root partition. Now since I have arranged all the documentation to be available to Apache, it is all referenced in htdig's database. If I have a question about any aspect of linux, or any of my personal subjects, all I have to do is formulate a suitable search pattern. I cannot adequately describe the savings in time this has given me! In the past I would have needed to access newsgroups to find answers to my problems. With htdig I can avoid this 99.9% of the time! Given the low cost of hard disk space, the fact that current program documentation is usually given as html, that most documentation of any kind is available as html, then it makes good sense to use Apache in conjunction with a search engine in order to have a most efficient information retrieval system.
Htdig may not be perfect, if you are used to Infoseek or lycos, it is a bit annoying because you cannot search for a phrase e.g. "starting the x server". Rather a document is searched for that contains all the words you enter. An advantage is that related words are searched for as well, e.g. if you search for 'god' you can also get results for 'gods' and 'godly'. Once you get used to htdig it becomes an indispensable tool. The time it saves you in looking for information is well worth the cost in terms of disk space. (on my system the real cost is about 250 Meg, though I need another temporary 250Meg when re-building the database).
Finally I shall mention Linux's SGML (Standard Generalized Markup Language) support, this is not normally concidered part of web page design since most home users will simpy want to be able to create their own HTML home pages and have no other use for such documents.
However, a great many people will want to produce documents in many formats. The same document might need to be available for publication as a book, or as an info page as well as being available as web pages. The linux documentation project contains many documents that are available in different formats according to users needs.
SGML allows a single source to be used to produce many different kinds of
text format. The following package descriptions are taken directly from
the S.u.S.E. 6.0 distribution, though they should all be available for
I have no real experience with SGML so I will leave the appraisal of these packages to the reader. For some people these will prove indespensible tools for
producing HTML pages. |
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