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### User: Yangliuqing () is a market town in Xiqing District, in the western suburbs of Tianjin, People's Republic of China. Despite its relatively small size, it has been named since 2006 in the "famous historical and cultural market towns in China". It is best known in China for creating nianhua or Yangliuqing nianhua. For more than 400 years, Yangliuqing has in effect specialised in the creation of these woodcuts for the New Year. wood block prints using vivid colourschemes to portray traditional scenes of children's games often interwoven with auspiciouse objects. , it had 27 residential communities () and 25 villagesunder its administration. Shi Family Grand Courtyard Shi Family Grand Courtyard (Tiānjīn Shí Jiā Dà Yuàn, 天津石家大院) is situated in Yangliuqing Town of Xiqing District, which is the former residence of wealthy merchant Shi Yuanshi - the 4th son of Shi Wancheng, one of the eight great masters in Tianjin. First built in 1875, it covers over 6,000 square meters, including large and small yards and over 200 folk houses, a theater and over 275 rooms that served as apartments and places of business and worship for this powerful family. Shifu Garden, which finished its expansion in October 2003, covers1,200 square meters, incorporates the elegance of imperial garden and delicacy of south garden. Now the courtyard of Shi family covers about 10,000 square meters, which is called the first mansion in North China. Now it serves as the folk custom museum in Yangliuqing, which has a large collection of folk custom museum in Yanliuqing, which has a large collection of folk art pieces like Yanliuqing New Year pictures, brick sculpture. Shi's ancestor came from Dong'e County in Shandong Province, engaged in water transport of grain. As the wealth gradually accumulated, the Shi Family moved to Yangliuqing and bought largethe living area for the Shi Family. The rooms on north side were the accountants' office. On the west are the major constructions including the family hall for worshipping Buddha, theater and the south reception room. On both sides of the residence are side yard rooms for maids and servants. Today, the Shi mansion, located in the township of Yangliuqing to the west of central Tianjin, stands as a surprisingly well-preserved monument to China's pre-revolution mercantile spirit. It also serves as an on-location shoot for many of China's popular historical dramas. Many of the rooms feature period furniture, paintings and ### Assistant:
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### User: Where Is Freedom? () is a 1954 Italian comedy-drama film directed by Roberto Rossellini. The film had a troubled production because, after shooting some scenes, Rossellini lost interest in the film and abandoned the set. The work was completed after about a year, mainly from Mario Monicelli, with some scenes also shot by Lucio Fulci and Federico Fellini. Despite that, Rossellini is the sole credited director of the film. Plot Difficulties and troubles of an ex-convict. Embittered and disillusioned by life, he will soon plan his return to prison. Cast Totò: Salvatore Lo Jacono Vera Molnar: Agnesina Nita Dover: maratoneta ### Assistant:
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### User: Fernaldia pandurata (common name: loroco ) is a vine with edible flowers, widespread in Mexico and Central America. Fernaldia pandurata is an important source of food in El Salvador and Guatemala. The plant's buds and flowers are used for cooking in a variety of ways, including in pupusas. The name "loroco" is used throughout Mesoamerica to refer to Fernaldia pandurata. Fernaldia pandurata is an herbaceous vine with oblong-elliptical to broadly ovate leaves . long, 1.5–8 cm broad, inflorescences are generally somewhat shorter than the leaves, with 8–18 flowers, the pedicels 4–6 mm. long; bracts ovate, long; calyx lobes ovate, acute ### Assistant:
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### User: Chester Earl Merrow (November 15, 1906 – February 10, 1974) was a U.S. Representative from New Hampshire. Born in Center Ossipee, New Hampshire, Merrow attended the public schools and Brewster Free Academy in Wolfeboro from 1921 to 1925. He was graduated from Colby College, Waterville, Maine, in 1929 and from Teachers College (summers) (Columbia University), New York City, in 1937. Merrow was an instructor of science at Kents Hill School in Maine in 1929 and 1930 and at Montpelier Seminary from 1930 to 1937. He served as assistant headmaster of Montpelier Seminary from 1935 to 1938. He was an instructorof political science and history at Vermont Junior College in Montpelier in 1937 and 1938. Merrow was a member of the New Hampshire House of Representatives in 1939 and 1940. He became a radio news commentator and lecturer, and served as delegate to an international conference on education and cultural relations of the United Nations, held in London in 1945. He was a congressional adviser to the first conference of the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) held in Paris in 1946. He served as a member of the United States delegation to UNESCO 1946-1949. Merrow was electedas a Republican to the Seventy-eighth and to the nine succeeding Congresses (January 3, 1943 – January 3, 1963). Merrow voted in favor of the Civil Rights Acts of 1957 and 1960. He was not a candidate for reelection in 1962 to the Eighty-eighth Congress, but was unsuccessful for nomination to the United States Senate. Subsequently, he was Special Adviser on Community Relations, Department of State, from 1963 to 1968. He was an unsuccessful candidate for election in 1970 to the Ninety-second Congress and in 1972 to the Ninety-third Congress. He resided in Center Ossipee until his death there, February ### Assistant:
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### User: HIS ("Hightech Information System Limited"; established 1987), is a Hong Kong-based graphics card manufacturer that produces AMD (formerly known as ATI) Radeon graphics cards. Its headquarters are in Hong Kong, with additional sales offices and distribution networks in Europe, the Middle East, North America and Asia Pacific Regions. The current distributor in Hong Kong is JunMax Technology. Products HIS manufactures and sells AMD Radeon series video cards. They are known for their IceQ cooling technology as well as producing the latest and fastest PCI cards like AMD Radeon RX 590, RX 5700 and RX 5700 XT. In 2019, HIS launched ### Assistant:
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### User: Nenad "Purke" Stojanović (; born 22 October 1979) is a Serbian professional footballer who plays as a striker. Career After coming through the youth categories of Red Star Belgrade, Stojanović went on numerous loans, having a breakthrough season at Bosnian club Leotar in 2002–03. He was the team's top scorer with 22 goals in 23 league games, helping them win their first national title in history. Following his return to Red Star, Stojanović played mostly as a substitute and scored several crucial goals in the 2003–04 season, helping the side win the championship. In January 2005, Stojanović was transferred toBelgian club Genk, signing a three-and-a-half-year contract. He also played for Brussels, before moving to Russian club Luch Vladivostok in early 2007. In the summer of 2008, Stojanović returned to Serbia and joined Vojvodina. In July 2018, aged 38, Stojanović agreed terms with Belgrade Zone League side Leštane. He previously played for Brodarac 1947 (Spring 2015), IMT (2015–16), and Žarkovo (2016–17) in the Serbian League Belgrade. Honours Leotar Premier League of Bosnia and Herzegovina: 2002–03 Red Star Belgrade First League of Serbia and Montenegro: 2003–04 Serbia and Montenegro Cup: 2003–04 References External links Category:Association football forwards Category:Azerbaijan Premier League playersCategory:Belgian First Division A players Category:Expatriate footballers in Azerbaijan Category:Expatriate footballers in Belgium Category:Expatriate footballers in Bosnia and Herzegovina Category:Expatriate footballers in Montenegro Category:Expatriate footballers in Russia Category:FC Luch Vladivostok players Category:First League of Serbia and Montenegro players Category:FK Javor Ivanjica players Category:FK Jedinstvo Ub players Category:FK Leotar players Category:FK Lovćen players Category:FK Mladost Apatin players Category:FK Rudar Pljevlja players Category:FK Vojvodina players Category:FK Železnik players Category:K.R.C. Genk players Category:Montenegrin First League players Category:OFK Žarkovo players Category:Premier League of Bosnia and Herzegovina players Category:Red Star Belgrade footballers Category:Russian Premier League players Category:RWDM Brussels FC players Category:Serbia and Montenegro expatriate footballers ### Assistant:
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### User: The British Motor Museum in Warwickshire, England, holds the World's largest collection of historic British cars. There are over 300 classic cars on display from the British Motor Industry Heritage Trust and the Jaguar Heritage Trust. History The collection, now cared for by the British Motor Industry Heritage Trust, was developed in the 1970s when a new division of the British Leyland Motor Corporation (BLMC) was formed to preserve and manage the company's collection of historic vehicles. In 1979, the company became BL Heritage Limited, adopting a new headquarters at Studley, Warwickshire. Two years later, a museum was opened atthe London Transport Museum's former home of Syon Park, west of London, where some 100 vehicles from the collection were put on display. During the early 1980s, closer ties were made with other British motor manufacturers. In 1983, the collection was granted charitable status, and became the British Motor Industry Heritage Trust, and although there were now several manufacturers involved, the collection still carried a large bias towards the former British Leyland companies. Austin-Rover continued as the primary backer of the Trust, and gradually the other companies withdrew their support. Meanwhile, the collection continued to grow. In the late 1980s,it became evident that larger premises would be required as the collection developed. Several new sites were considered for a purpose built museum. The present location was chosen, on the site of the former RAF Gaydon airfield in South Warwickshire, which was home to the Rover Group's design, technology and testing ground. Plans were drawn up and construction began in 1991 for the new Heritage Motor Centre. Set in of grounds, the centre brought together all of the Trust's operations for the first time, providing exhibition and storage space for the collection of over 250 vehicles and archive of over2 million photographs, business records, brochures and drawings. The site also includes conference facilities. When Rover Group was taken over by BMW in 1994, the British Motor Museum came under their ownership. Six years later, BMW sold the Rover Group, which meant that the Centre changed hands yet again, this time under the ownership of the Ford Motor Company. This latest change of ownership means that the Trust now had the opportunity to expand its collection to include all of the companies that have formed part of Britain's motor manufacturing history. Following Jaguar's decision to close their Jaguar Daimler HeritageCentre, a small selection of the Jaguar Daimler Heritage Collection has been on display at the Museum. In November 2015 the Heritage Motor Centre closed for a £1.1 million refurbishment, and reopened on 13 February 2016 under the new name of British Motor Museum. Vehicles in the collection This is not an exhaustive list — a complete list is provided on the centre's website. Due to space limitations, not all cars are exhibited at all times. The very first Land Rover (1948) The first and last production models of the Land Rover Freelander Various Land Rover, Range Rover, and RoverCarlo Rally during the 1960s Various Mini based prototypes, such as the Minissima FAB1 from the Thunderbirds film An Ascari KZ1 show car from 2000 Rolls-Royce Phantom The last Aston Martin DB7 Aston Martin V12 Vanquish Sinclair C5 Ford RS200 The last production Austin Montego Ford Escort Mark I as used in the 1970 London to Mexico World Cup Rally Jaguar R1 Formula One racecar from 2000 Nuffield Gutty prototype Research services The British Motor Museum offers a research and registry service for several British car marques. The Archive houses authentic historical records by many of the major car manufacturers, ### Assistant:
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### User: World Art Nouveau Day (WAND) is an event dedicated to art nouveau that is celebrated annually on 10 June. The first World Art Nouveau Day in 2013 was organized by The Museum of Applied Arts (Budapest) (IMM) in cooperation with Szecessziós Magazin (a Hungarian Magazine about Art Nouveau). The selected date – 10 June – is the anniversary of the death of two famous architects of the movement, Antoni Gaudí and Ödön Lechner. Activities like those organised on World Art Nouveau Day aim to create more awareness of Art Nouveau heritage among the public. The two biggest organisations in Europe ### Assistant:
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### User: Alyse Black is an American singer and songwriter. Black's music is described as indie pop with jazz influences, in the vein of artists such as Fiona Apple, Regina Spektor and Norah Jones. Her song "Stood for Stand for", which was featured on Black's debut album Too Much & Too Lovely, won Billboard's 2007 World Song Contest in the Jazz category. Background and career Black was born in Seattle, Washington, the youngest of three daughters. According to her website, she initially had an interest in pursuing a career as a singer-songwriter, but instead studied business, communications, and international studies at theUniversity of Washington, where she graduated in 2004. After working in the corporate world, she returned to her original interest, releasing her debut album Too Much & Too Lovely at the end of 2007. In 2012, Black began working on a new project, a collection of original and classic lullabies with the band 'Night Sweet Pea; to finance the album's production, the band launched a successful campaign on Kickstarter. The album, A Little Line of Kisses, was released to critical acclaim in December 2012. Her song Super Hero was featured on the 2012 film Let's Make a Movie. In 2014,and Finalist, Adult Contemporary, Independent Singer-Songwriter Awards, 2008 Discography Studio Albums 2007 Too Much & Too Lovely 2009 Hold Onto This 2011 The Honesty EP 2012 A Little Line of Kisses (with band: 'Night, Sweet Pea) 2015 You Belong To Me (EP) 2017 Alyse Black Live Albums 2011 The Triple Door Sessions LIVE References External links Official website Alyse Black on Facebook Alyse Black on Twitter Alyse Black on iTunes Alyse Black on Amazon Alyse Black on TheSixtyOne Alyse Black on the ATX Architects Podcast Category:American female singer-songwriters Category:American singer-songwriters Category:Living people Category:University of Washington alumni Category:Musicians from Seattle Category:Year ### Assistant:
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### User: Leonardo Vinicius Pereira Luiz (born June 5, 1987 in Rio de Janeiro), known as Leonardo Luiz, is a Brazilian footballer who most recently played as defender for Artsul. Career statistics References External links Category:1987 births Category:Living people Category:Brazilian footballers Category:Association football defenders Category:Campeonato Brasileiro Série B players Category:Campeonato Brasileiro Série C players Category:Campeonato Brasileiro Série D players Category:Nova Iguaçu Futebol Clube players Category:Volta Redonda Futebol Clube players Category:Clube Náutico Capibaribe players Category:Esporte Clube XV de Novembro (Piracicaba) players Category:ABC Futebol Clube players Category:Fortaleza Esporte Clube players Category:Bangu Atlético Clube players Category:Treze Futebol Clube players Category:Esporte Clube Santo André players Category:Artsul ### Assistant:
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### User: Dallas Bay Skypark is a public-use airport located 11 miles (18 km) north of the central business district of Chattanooga and 4 miles southwest of the central business district of Lakesite (both cities in Hamilton County, Tennessee, United States.) It is located in the community of Middle Valley with a Hixson, Tennessee mailing address. . History Dallas Bay Skypark began life as the Optimist Club Drag Strip back in the late 50s and survived until the early 60s. The dragstrip was moved to East Ridge and John Flewellen and his family bought the old dragstrip and turned it into aprivate runway. In the early 1970s the airstrip became an FAA-certified public airport with the designation 1A0. In 2002, a group of investors, all with a passion for flying, bought Dallas Bay Skypark and have been running it ever since. The airport is still a full-service public airport with a flight school on premises. Facilities and aircraft Dallas Bay Skypark covers an area of which contains one asphalt paved runway (5/23) measuring 3,025 x 50 ft (922 x 15 m). For the 12-month period ending May 4, 1998, the airport had 10,108 aircraft operations, 100% of which were general aviation. ### Assistant:
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### User: Jason McEndoo (born February 25, 1975) is an American football coach and former center in the National Football League for the Seattle Seahawks. He is currently the tight ends and Cowboy Backs coach for Oklahoma State. He played college football at Washington State University in Pullman and was a member of the 1997 team which went to the Rose Bowl. Born in San Diego, California, McEndoo played high school football in southwest Washington at Aberdeen. Selected in the seventh round of the 1998 NFL Draft, McEndoo played one game for Seattle in his rookie season in 1998; he was released ### Assistant:
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### User: The Wasps () is the fourth in chronological order of the eleven surviving plays by Aristophanes, the master of an ancient genre of drama called 'Old Comedy'. It was produced at the Lenaia festival in 422 BC, a time when Athens was enjoying a brief respite from the Peloponnesian War following a one-year truce with Sparta. As in his other early plays, Aristophanes satirizes the demagogue Cleon, but in The Wasps he also ridicules one of the Athenian institutions that provided Cleon with his power base: the law courts. The play has been thought to exemplify the conventions of Oldreasons, as argued in The Wasps. Aristophanes' plays promote conservative values and support an honourable peace with Sparta, whereas Cleon was a radical democrat and a leader of the pro-war faction. Misunderstandings were inevitable. Cleon had previously attempted to prosecute Aristophanes for slandering the polis with his second play The Babylonians, and though the legal result of these efforts is unknown, they appear to have sharpened the poet's satirical edge, as evidenced later in the unrelenting attack on Cleon in The Knights. The second parabasis in The Wasps implies that Cleon retaliated for his drubbing in The Knights with yetfurther efforts to intimidate or prosecute Aristophanes, and the poet may have publicly yielded to this pressure for a short time. Whatever agreement was reached with Cleon, Aristophanes gleefully reneged on it in The Wasps, presenting Cleon as a treacherous dog manipulating a corrupted legal process for personal gain. Some events that influenced The Wasps 431: The Peloponnesian War commenced. 426: Aristophanes won first prize at the City Dionysia with his second play, The Babylonians (now lost), and he was subsequently prosecuted by Cleon for being the author of slanders against the polis. 425: Athens obtained a significant victory againstSparta in the Battle of Sphacteria and Cleon successfully claimed responsibility for it. 424: Aristophanes won first prize at the Lenaia with The Knights in which he lampooned Cleon mercilessly. 423: Athens and Sparta agreed to a one-year truce. Aristophanes' play The Clouds came third (i.e. last). 422: The Wasps was performed at the Lenaia, winning second place. Places and people mentioned in The Wasps According to a character in Plutarch's Dinner-table Discussion, (written some 500 years after The Wasps was produced), Old Comedy needs commentators to explain its abstruse references, in the same way that a banquet needs wineAristophanes' plays, the tragic poet is mentioned in line 61 as the butt of tired old jokes that are made by other comic poets. There are also mock-heroic references to his plays Bellerophon, Cretan Women and Ino in lines 757, 763, 1414. Ecphantides: A comic poet of a previous generation known for his obscurity, he is referred to in line 151 by his nickname Capnias (Smokey). Phrynichus: A celebrated tragic poet of an earlier generation, he is mentioned favourably several times by Philocleon and the jurors in lines 220, 269, 1490, 1524. The first mention is in a comic, compound781-6). One son, Xenocles, was a tragedian who later defeated Euripides at the City Dionysia in 415 but his abilities as a dramatist are ridiculed by Aristophanes in Thesmophoriazusae and The Frogs. Athenian politicians and generals Cleon: The populist leader of the pro-war faction in Athens, he is the arch-villain in all of Aristophanes' early plays. We are assured in lines 62-3 that Aristophanes won't make mincemeat of him again but promises mean nothing in a comedy and he receives more treatment in lines 197, 242, 409, 596, 759, 1220, 1224, 1237, 1285 as well as numerous indirect mentions, notably1183 as somebody who abuses dung-collectors . He is also mentioned in later plays. Androcles: Another populist, often satirized in Old Comedy as poor and immoral, he was later influential in exiling Alcibiades. He is mentioned ironically in line 1187 as an example of the kind of man who represents Athens on sacred, diplomatic missions. Antiphon: An orator and later a leader of the oligarchic government in 411 BC, he is named in line 1270, 1301 as a hungry kind of man and as one of the sophisticated dinner guests abused by Philocleon. Phrynichus: A politician and later a leaderfamous athlete who once commanded the only Italian ship at the Battle of Salamis in 480 BC, he is said by Philocles in lines 1206-7 to have lost to him in court on a charge of abusive language. Penestes: Thessalian serfs, they are the benchmark of poverty, as indicated in line 1273. Discussion Some scholars regard The Wasps as one of the greatest comedies in literature. Various factors contribute to its appeal, as for example: The central figure, Philocleon, is a 'triumph of characterization'; The jurors have been considered the most vividly realized Chorus in Old Comedy; The juror's sonthe scope of a mere farce. The Wasps and Old Comedy The Wasps has been thought to exemplify all the conventions of Old Comedy at their best – structural elements that are common to most of Aristophanes' plays are all found in this play in a complete and readily identifiable form. The table below is based on one scholar's interpretation of the play's structural elements and the poetic meters associated with them. Miscellaneous In 1909, the English composer Ralph Vaughan Williams created popular incidental music for the play – see The Wasps (Vaughan Williams). Translations William James Hickie, 1853 – ### Assistant:
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### User: Xanthippus (; , ; c. 525-475 BC) was a wealthy Athenian politician and general during the early part of the 5th century BC. His name means "Yellow Horse." He was the son of Ariphron and father of Pericles. He is often associated with the Alcmaeonid clan. Although not born to the Alcmaeonidae, he married into the family when he wed Cleisthenes' niece Agariste, and would come to represent their interests in government. He distinguished himself in the Athenian political arena, championing the aristocratic party. His rivalry with Themistocles led to his ostracism, only to be recalled from exile when thePersians invaded Greece. He distinguished himself during the Greco-Persian Wars making a significant contribution to the victory of the Greeks and the subsequent ascendancy of the Athenian Empire. Early political career and ostracism As a citizen-soldier of Athens and a member of the aristocracy, Xanthippus most likely fought during the Battle of Marathon in 490 BC. Xanthippus first appears in the historical record the following year (489 BC), when he led the prosecution of Miltiades the Younger, the general who led Athenians to victory at Marathon. Miltiades had asked for a fleet of 70 ships and a supply of troopsto be put at his disposal in reward for his victory, saying that he would not reveal his intentions, but that the venture would reap great profit for the city. The Athenians granted his wish, but when he met with set-backs and injury during an attack on Paros he had to return empty handed and sick. Many Athenians suspected him of deceiving them. The Alcmaeonidae were traditional political rivals of Miltiades' clan, the Philaidae, and they pressed for charges against the hero of Marathon, with Xanthippus making their case and asking for the death penalty. Miltiades was in great paindue to his injury and could not defend himself, but his friends put up enough of a defence to avoid his execution; instead he was fined a sum too large to pay and thrown in prison as a debtor. He died there of his wounds. Athenians would come to regret their treatment of their war hero, but immediately following the trial Xanthippus became the pre-eminent politician of the day, if only briefly. Xanthippus' leadership was short lived due to the rise of Themistocles, who was a populist set against the aristocracy that Xanthippus represented. Xanthippus teamed up with his fellowaristocrat Aristides to counter the ambitions of Themistocles, but Themistocles out-maneuvered them with a series of ostracisms that were basic referendums concerning the direction of the Athenian government. The lower classes had begun to flex their political muscle with Themistocles, and the results of the ostracisms reflected their new-found power. There were 5 prominent ostracisms of aristocrats during the political clashes of the 480's BC, and both Xanthippus and Aristides were among the victims. Xanthippus was ostracised in 484 BC. Return to Athens Normally, an ostracism led to a 10-year exile. But when the Persians returned to attack Greece in480 BC, Themistocles and Athens recalled both Xanthippus and Aristides to aid in the defence of the city. The rival politicians settled their differences and prepared for war. The city of Athens had to be abandoned to protect its citizens and Plutarch relates a folk tale about Xanthippus' dog, who had been left behind by his master when the Athenians embarked for the safety of the Island of Salamis. The dog was so loyal that it jumped into the sea and swam after Xanthippus' boat, managing to swim across to the isle, before dying of exhaustion. In Plutarch's day therewas still a place on Salamis called "the dog's grave." Although not mentioned directly, it would seem that Xanthippus at least witnessed, if not fought in, the Battle of Salamis in 480 BC, which saved the Athenians and began to force back the Persian invaders. Xanthippus was elected to the position of eponymous archon the following year (479/478 BC), showing the esteem in which he was then held. At that time a large force of Persian infantry still remained in Greece and Athens was still under threat. He also succeeded Themistocles as commander of the Athenian fleet that year, whileAristides was given command of the land forces. (It remains unclear why Themistocles, after his brilliant victory at Salamis, did not retain his position.) Battle of Mycale Xanthippus' greatest military accomplishment was his command of the Athenian naval forces at the decisive Battle of Mycale against the Persians, which was fought off the coast of Lydia in Asia Minor under the command of Leotychidas of Sparta. The remains of the Persian fleet that had survived the Battle of Salamis were stationed at the island of Samos. When they discovered that they were being pursued by the Greek fleet they abandonedSamos and sailed to the opposite shore, under the slopes of Mount Mycale, where they beached their ships and retreated inland to set up a defensive fort. The Greek forces launched an attack on them, with Xanthippus leading his Athenian contingent on the left flank (Greek generals fought on the front lines as an example for their men). Xanthippus' men had easier terrain to cross than the other flank, so they engaged in combat with the Persians first and fought ferociously to earn all the credit. They broke through the line and sent the Persian troops running to their fortfor safety. But the Athenians were able to breach the wall and when the other flank joined them they set to slaughtering the enemy. After the rout, the Greeks, led by Xanthippus and Leotychidas, went back to the beach and set fire to the Persian ships effectively destroying the Persian fleet. Herodotus claims this battle occurred on the same day as the Battle of Plataea, where Aristides led the Athenian contingent under the command of the Spartan Pausanias, and defeated the Persian land-forces. With these two decisive battles the war was won and Athens was now safe. Siege of SestusAfter the Battle of Mycale, the Spartans suggested that the defence of the Ionian colonies of Asia Minor should be abandoned, since it would be difficult to protect them from the nearby Persians. Xanthippus, however, refused to consider the proposal. Athens was the "mother city" of many of the Ionian colonies and she felt a deep kinship with them that demanded their common defence. So the Greek fleet sailed to the Hellespont to destroy the Persian pontoon bridge there, but when they discovered it had already been destroyed, the Spartans withdrew and headed home, while Xanthippus led the remaining forceon an assault upon Sestus in the Thracian Chersonese, which had been captured by the Persians and left under the charge of a Persian governor, Artayctes. Sestus controlled the European side of the Hellespont and all the shipping trade that passed. Since Athens was very dependent upon imported grain, this made trade with the Black Sea of strategic importance and Xanthippus was determined to bring these shipping lanes back under Athenian protection. After a winter siege, Artayctes and his son attempted to escape, but they were captured. Artayctes offered 200 talents to Xanthippus to spare his life - a hugesum. But Xanthippus refused. Artayctes' son was stoned to death in front of his father, and then Artayctes himself was crucified. That Herodotus ends his account of the great war with Persia with this relatively minor affair has led some scholars to imply that the historian wished to end on a note that flattered Xanthippus' son, Pericles, who was one of Herodotus' patrons. Legacy Xanthippus returned to Athens a hero. He died a few years later, but Pericles, his son, would go on to build upon the family glory, transforming Athens into the greatest centre of learning, art and architecture ### Assistant:
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### User: Kimberly Burrell is an American gospel singer from Houston, Texas. Early life Burrell is the daughter of a pastor in the Church of God in Christ (COGIC) . Burrell began performing with Reverend James Cleveland's GMWA Youth Mass Choir (also known as Rev. James Cleveland's Kids). Career Rise to fame Burrell's performances continued with Trinity Temple Full Gospel Mass Choir of Dallas and The Inspirational Sounds Mass Choir of Houston. In 1996, she was a featured singer on the reprise of "Jesus Paid It All" on Ricky Dillard & New G's album Worked It Out. Her first independent album, Tryloves you, but he hates the sin in you and me." Shortly after the video of the sermon surfaced, The Ellen DeGeneres Show cancelled Burrell's scheduled appearance, as did the BMI Trailblazers of Gospel Music event, where she was removed as an honoree. Her radio talk show, Bridging the Gap with Kim Burrell, was cancelled by Texas Southern University. Selected discography Albums Try Me Again (Pearl, 1995) Everlasting Life (Tommy Boy Gospel, 1998) Live In Concert (Tommy Boy Gospel, 2001) No Ways Tired (Shanachie, 2009) The Love Album (Shanachie, 2011) A Different Place (Shanachie, 2015) Live From Miami (New BrandRecords, 2017) Singles "Special Place" (Bad Boy Entertainment, 2001) "Little Drummer Boy" (New Brand Records, 2018) Videos Live In Concert (VHS) (Tommy Boy Gospel, 2001) Other Appearances Awards 2000 Gospel Music Excellence Award, Female Vocalist of the Year - Contemporary for Everlasting Life 2000 Stellar Award, Contemporary Female Vocalist of the Year for Everlasting Life 2012 Stellar Award, Albertina Walker Female Vocalist of the Year for The Love Album 2012 Stellar Award, Contemporary Female of the Year for The Love Album 2012 Dove Award, Urban Recorded Song of the Year for "Sweeter" References External links Category:Living people Category:American female singer-songwriters ### Assistant:
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### User: Steven Anthony Tambellini (born May 14, 1958) is a Canadian former NHL player and was the general manager for the Edmonton Oilers, from July 2008 to April 2013. He is currently a scout for the Anaheim Ducks Playing career Steve Tambellini played his junior hockey for the Lethbridge Broncos of the WHL from the 1975–76 season until the 1977–78 season, where he scored 155 goals and notched 181 assists in 193 games. He would earn the Jim Piggott Memorial Trophy as the top rookie in the league for his effort in the 1975–76 season. In the 1978 NHL Entry Draft,Tambellini was chosen 15th overall by the New York Islanders. He would spend two years with New York, winning a Stanley Cup with them in the 1980 season. He was dealt at the trade deadline the next season along with Chico Resch to the Colorado Rockies in exchange for Mike McEwen. He stayed with Colorado for two seasons, including their first season as the New Jersey Devils as the franchise was relocated in 1982. While playing for the New Jersey Devils, Tambellini scored the new team's first ever hat trick on December 3, 1982 in a 5-4 victory over Hartford.After the 1982–83 season, Steve was traded to the Calgary Flames. He would remain there for two seasons before signing on as a free agent with the Vancouver Canucks, where he would round out his NHL career. He would go on to play a minor amount of time in both the Swiss Hockey League and the Austrian Hockey League. International Play During his career, Steve Tambellini represented Canada on three separate occasions: In 1978 he played for Team Canada in the World Junior Hockey Championship, winning a bronze medal after scoring two goals and two assists. He played in theWorld Hockey Championship as well as the 1988 Winter Olympics in Calgary, Alberta, Canada, where he scored a goal and three assists. After retirement After his retirement from hockey, he was hired by the Canucks as the Director of Public and Media Relations and remained with the franchise until July 2008. In 1997, he would be promoted to Senior Vice President of Hockey Operations. In 1998 his position would change again, this time to the Vice President of Player Personnel. In this position he would oversee player development and professional player scouting, until eventually being named Assistant General Manager toDave Nonis and to Mike Gillis after Nonis was fired by the Canucks on April 14, 2008. In 2002, he was the Director of Player Personnel for the gold medal winning Canadian Olympic Men's Ice Hockey Team at the 2002 Winter Olympics. He would be rewarded again, being named the Director of Player Personnel for both the 2003 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships as well as the 2004 World Cup of Hockey. In 2004, he was inducted into the British Columbia Hockey Hall of Fame. On July 31, 2008 he was named General Manager of the Edmonton Oilers after theOilers promoted Kevin Lowe to President of Hockey Operations. On April 13, 2013 he was fired by the Edmonton Oilers, and was replaced by Craig MacTavish. The Anaheim Ducks hired Tambellini as a part-time scout on November 21, 2013. Personal life His father, Addie Tambellini, helped the Trail Smoke Eaters win the 1961 World Ice Hockey Championships, the last Canadian amateur team to do so. His oldest son, Jeff Tambellini, was drafted 27th overall by the Los Angeles Kings in the 2003 NHL Entry Draft. Jeff is now following in his grandfathers foot steps becoming the Head Coach and GeneralManager of the Trail Smoke Eaters of the BCHL in 2018. His youngest son Adam Tambellini, was drafted by the New York Rangers 65th overall in the 2013 NHL Draft and currently plays for the AHL affiliate of the Ottawa Senators, the Belleville Senators. Career statistics Regular season and playoffs International References External links Category:1958 births Category:Anaheim Ducks scouts Category:Calgary Flames players Category:Canadian ice hockey centres Category:Colorado Rockies (NHL) players Category:Edmonton Oilers executives Category:Ice hockey people from British Columbia Category:Ice hockey players at the 1988 Winter Olympics Category:Lethbridge Broncos players Category:Living people Category:National Hockey League first round draft picks Category:New ### Assistant:
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### User: same person. A tradition recorded by Tosafos in Chagigah 9b has it that both ben Bag-Bag and ben Hai-Hai were converts to Judaism (gerim). Some speculate that their unusual names hid the true identities of gerim persecuted by Roman authorities during the Roman occupation of the Land of Israel. Another Rabbinic tradition holds that ben Bag-Bag was the person (sometimes described as a Roman soldier) who in a tale of Shammai and Hillel requests the sages to teach him the whole Torah while standing on one foot. Some would also identify ben Bag-Bag with Yoḥanan ben Bag-Bag (), a tanna ### Assistant:
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### User: Bascom Sine Deaver (November 26, 1882 – October 13, 1944) was a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the Middle District of Georgia. Education and career Born in Union County, Georgia, Deaver received an Artium Baccalaureus from Mercer University in 1907 and a Bachelor of Laws from Mercer University School of Law in 1910. He was in private practice in Macon, Georgia from 1910 to 1922. He was an Assistant United States Attorney of the Southern District of Georgia from 1922 to 1926, and then was the United States Attorney for the Middle District ofGeorgia from 1926 to 1928. Federal judicial service Deaver was nominated by President Calvin Coolidge on March 5, 1928, to a seat on the United States District Court for the Middle District of Georgia vacated by Judge William Josiah Tilson. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on March 19, 1928, and received his commission the same day. His service terminated on October 13, 1944, due to his death. References Sources Category:1882 births Category:1944 deaths Category:United States Attorneys for the Middle District of Georgia Category:Judges of the United States District Court for the Middle District of Georgia Category:United States ### Assistant:
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### User: Viktor Bungtilu Laiskodat (born 17 February 1965) is an Indonesian politician who is the 8th governor of East Nusa Tenggara. Born in Kupang, he was elected into the Indonesian Parliament, the People's Representative Council (Dewan Perwakilian Rakyat, sometimes referred to as the House of Representatives) from his home district twice in 2004 and 2014, although he did not serve his entire second term because he resigned to run for governor. Background Viktor Bungtilu Laiskodat was born as the last child of Lazarus Laiskodat and Orpha Laiskodat Kase in Oenesu, in the western part of Kupang Regency. He is a ProtestantChristian. After completing his first 12 years of education at Kupang in 1985, he studied law in Jakarta's Indonesian Law Institute (Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Hukum Indonesia), getting his bachelors in 2000. In 2017, he graduated from Satya Wacana Christian University in Salatiga, earning a master's degree in development studies. Career After graduating, Laiskodat worked as a lawyer and law consultant, owning his own law firm (Viktor B. Laiskodat Law Firm). He also became commissioner at several companies. Parliament He was first elected to the People's Representative Council as a member of Golkar in 2004 from the NTT II district, whichincluded Sumba, Timor, and surrounding islands. In 2009, he did not gain a seat. However, in 2014, he ran as a member of Nasdem Party and won a seat after securing 77,555 votes - third place out of a quota of seven. In his second term at the council, he was part of Commission I and also was the speaker of Nasdem's faction in the parliament. During the 2014 presidential election, he was part of Joko Widodo's campaign team. In 2017, President of Indonesia Joko Widodo released an executive order (Peraturan Pemerintah Pengganti Undang-Undang) allowing the government to disband massorganizations deemed opposing the state's ideology, with opposition parties and several rights organizations condemning the move. Laiskodat defended the law and attacked the opposing parties, calling them "intolerant parties which support changing the government form to a khilafah" in an August 2017 speech at Kupang. The parties denied his accusations and sued him for defamation. Due to both immunity of legislators and his gubernatorial bid in the 2018 gubernatorial election, the case was delayed. Islamic groups affiliated with the 212 movement later held protests demanding his arrest and trial for blasphemy. He resigned from the council to run as governor,allow a conservation program to be implemented. Laiskodat has also publicly spoke out in opposition to halal tourism in the area, stating that "tourism has nothing to do with religion". In 2019, the provincial government announced its plans to open a provincial trade office in neighboring East Timor. In October 2019, Laiskodat publicly called for the Ministry of Communication and Information Technology to block access to Facebook in Indonesia, calling for the development of a local social media platform similar to the Chinese internet. During the 2019-20 coronavirus pandemic, Laiskodat agreed to provide quarantine to 17 East Timor nationals returningfrom China in NTT, as East Timor had no quarantine facilities and initial requests to quarantine them in Bali had been rejected by Bali's administration. As the virus spread in Indonesia, he instructed schools to close by 20 March, at which point the province had 38 people under monitoring for the disease. Family He is married to Julie Sutrisno Laiskodat, a graduate of UT Arlington. The couple has three sons. References Category:1965 births Category:Living people Category:Nasdem Party politicians Category:Members of the People's Representative Council, 2004 Category:Members of the People's Representative Council, 2014 Category:People from Kupang Category:Governors of East Nusa Tenggara ### Assistant:
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### User: The Purcell Mountains are a mountain range in southeastern British Columbia, Canada. They are a subrange of the Columbia Mountains, which includes the Selkirk, Monashee, and Cariboo Mountains. They are located on the west side of the Rocky Mountain Trench in the area of the Columbia Valley, and on the east side of the valley of Kootenay Lake and the Duncan River. The only large settlement in the mountains is the Panorama Ski Resort and Kicking Horse Resort, though there are small settlements, such as Yahk and Moyie along the Crowsnest Highway, and residential rural areas dependent on the citiesof Creston, Kimberley and Cranbrook, which are located adjacent to the range. The Purcells are shown on some United States maps as the Percell Mountains, where their southern limit protrudes into the states of Idaho and Montana, abutting Lake Koocanusa, a reservoir on the Kootenai River. American geographic classifications consider the Percells to be part of the Rocky Mountains but in Canada that terminology is reserved for ranges on the east side of the Rocky Mountain Trench. In the Purcell Mountains, most of the peaks are near or above 10,000 feet in elevation. The Purcells were formed in the Proterozoiceon (in the Precambrian period), which spans from 2,500 million years ago to about 540 million years ago. Sub-ranges Carbonate Range Dogtooth Range Farnham Group MacBeth Group McGillivary Range Moyie Range Septet Range Spillimacheen Range Starbird Ridge Stockdale Group Toby Glacier Truce Group Yahk Range Highest peaks The ten highest summits of the Purcells 1. Mount Farnham 3493 m 2. Jumbo Mountain 3437 m 3. Howser Spire 3412 m 4. Karnak Mountain 3411 m 5. Mount Delphine 3406 m 6. Mount Hammond 3387 m 7. Commander Mountain 3371 m 8. South Howser Tower 3364 m 9. Eyebrow Peak 3362 m ### Assistant:
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### User: The New York State Supreme Court Building, originally known as the New York County Courthouse, at 60 Centre Street on Foley Square in the Civic Center neighborhood of Manhattan, New York City, houses the Civil and Appellate Terms of the New York State Supreme Court for the state's First Judicial District, which is coextensive with Manhattan, as well as the offices of the New York County Clerk. The granite-faced hexagonal building was designed by Guy Lowell of Boston in classical Roman style and was built between 1913 and 1927, completion having been delayed by World War I. It replaced theformer New York County Courthouse on Chambers Street, popularly known as the Tweed Courthouse. Both the interior and exterior are New York City Landmarks: the exterior was designated on February 1, 1966 and the interior on March 24, 1981. History The selection of the architect was done by a design competition, which was won by Boston architect Guy Lowell in 1913. Lowell originally proposed a circular building, to be built at the vastly expensive sum of $20 to $30 million. Construction was delayed by World War I and the design was remade as a smaller and less expensive hexagonal building—aThe error was apparently made by the architect, Guy Lowell, and the mistake was repeated by others, including Charles Warren in his Pulitzer Prize–winning The Supreme Court in United States History (1922). The stone steps leading up to the colonnaded entrance were flanked by two allegorical statues, Justice and Authority, both designed in 1906 by the Franco-American sculptor Philip Martiny (1858–1927). These are now at the back of the building. Both figures are large in size, made of granite, and seated. Justice, a female figure, is on the right side and holds a shield and scroll; Authority is on theto the history of law: Assyrian and Egyptian, Hebraic and Persian, Greek and Roman, Byzantine and Frankish, English and early colonial, with the final section portraying George Washington and Abraham Lincoln. Above the seated figures are portraits of six lawgivers: Hammurabi, Moses, Solon, Justinian, Blackstone and John Marshall. Restoration of the mural (along with a stained-glass window also by Pusterla) took place in 1988; the project received a 1989 Design Award from the Public Design Commission of the City of New York. The restoration project, which was privately funded by money raised from New York City judges and attorneys, waspart of a broader renovation campaign in the 1980s and 1990s to protect the courthouse's historic art from water seepage and other damage caused by neglect. Environs The building is somewhat of an older sibling to Cass Gilbert's 1936 Corinthian-columned Foley Square Courthouse (renamed the Thurgood Marshall United States Courthouse in 2001) just to its south, which also faces Foley Square from the east. Both buildings face Federal Plaza across the square, which includes the more modern Jacob K. Javits Federal Building and James L. Watson Court of International Trade Building, which houses the U.S. Court of International Trade. Othercourt buildings are nearby, including those for New York City Criminal Court, New York City Civil Court, and the Surrogate's Courthouse. In popular culture Many films and television series have been shot at the New York County Courthouse. These include: Miracle on 34th Street (1947): the scene of the trial of Santa Claus (Edmund Gwenn) was shot here; the 1994 remake filmed the courthouse's exterior 12 Angry Men (1957) The Godfather (1972) Nuts (1987) Legal Eagles (1986) Wall Street (1987) Goodfellas (1990) Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (1990) Regarding Henry (1990) Petrocelli, television series, during opening credits Night Court, television series ### Assistant:
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### User: Sarah Lesch (born 1 March 1986) is a German singer-songwriter who performs with a guitar and ukulele. Life and career Sarah Lesch was born in Altenburg, Thuringia and moved with her mother to Swabia at the age of five. Her father Ralf Kruse is a Leipzig musician. He played among others with Amor & Die Kids and the Original Erzgebirgs-Duo. On her father's side she has a half-sister and a half-brother, in whom she only met during her time as a singer. Lesch wrote music for children's plays and worked from 2009 until 2013 as an educator in Tübingen andsince then, she has mainly worked as a musician. Lesch's debut album with the title Lieder aus der schmutzigen Küche was released in 2012 under the alias "Chansonedde", was digitally distributed by Rummelplatzmusik in 2015 and released in 2016 in cooperation with the label Kick The Flame on CD. In 2015 she released her second studio album, Von Musen und Matrosen under her real name. The Leipzig music company Kick the Flame signed her in 2016. Her third studio album Da Draussen was released in 2017; in September 2019 followed an EP with the label Räuberleiter GbR with Den Einsamenzum Troste. With the six-minute song Testament, which Lesch wrote for her son, she won the Protestsongcontest held in Vienna in 2016 and at the Hermann-Hesse-Festival in Calw took second place in the Panikpreis. The song, which is supposed to prepare the child for an uncertain future, was then widely distributed on the Internet and was also distributed by right-wing populist websites and right-wing extremist groups. She clearly distanced herself from them. In her song Der Kapitän she sings about the rescue of 37 people from distress with the ship Cap Anamur by Stefan Schmidt. Lesch has performed regularly since ### Assistant:
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### User: Reginald II of Bar ( or ) (died 25 July 1170) was a Count of Bar and Lord of Mousson from 1149 till his death. He was the son of Reginald I, Count of Bar and lord of Mousson, and Giselle of Vaudémont. In 1135, he attended the Council of Hugh of Metz with his father and brother. He took part in the second crusade with his father and brother Theodoric in 1147. His father died during his return. He reestablished wars against his traditional enemies, the Duke of Lorraine and the bishop of Metz. He was attacked in 1152, ### Assistant:
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### User: Panchadasi or Panchadashi ( Devanagari: पंचदशी IAST paṃcadaśī) is a simple yet comprehensive manual of Advaita Vedanta (अद्वैत वेदान्त, advaita vedānta) written in the fourteenth century A.D (1386-1391) by Vidyaranya (विद्यारण्य), previously known as Madhavacharya (माधवाचार्य). Pancha (पंच) is five and dasi (दशी) is ten, are the total fifteen chapters divided into three quintets the three aspects of Brahman, Sat (सत, Truth), Chit (चित, Consciousness) and Ananda (आनंद, Bliss) aspects of Reality. It elaborates Advaita (अद्वैत,non dual), Consciousness, Jiva, Maya, Prakriti (प्रकृति, prakṛti, Nature), Mahat (universal mind), Buddhi (Intellect), Ahamkara (Ego), Avidya (Ignorance), and ananda (Bliss). Dating Panchdasi was writtenduring the later years of Vidyaranya's life around 1386 AD. About Vidyaranya Vidyaranya was born around 1300 A.D. in Shalivahan (शालिवाहन) South India. Madhava Madhavacharya, Madhavamantri, Madhavamataya were the names which Vidyaranya was known before his turning into recluse. His father was Mayana (मायण) and Mother Srimati (श्रीमती), two brothers Sayana (सायण), and Bhogantha (भोगनाथ). He had two Gurus Sarvagyvishnu (सर्वज्ञविष्णु) and Bhartiteerth (भारतीतीर्थ). He established Vijayanagar Empire in 1335 AD with the help of Hukkayaray and Bukkaray. He was also Prime Minister of the Vijayanagar empire. Vidyaranya, was also the spiritual head of Sringeri Math in 1377 A.D to1386 A.D. He died in 1391 AD. Vidyaranya, who was the spiritual head of Sringeri Math in 1377 A.D to 1386 A.D., and also wrote Drk-Drsya-Viveka, Sarvadarsana Samgraha, Sri Sankara Digvijaya, Jivanmukti Viveka, Anubhuti Prakasa, Vivaranaprameyasamgraha and Upanishad Dipika has been identified with Sayanacharya, the commentator on the Vedas, whose brother he most likely was. He was closely connected with the foundation of Vijaynagar kingdom. He was the minister of Bukka-devaraya of the Yadava Dynasty of Karnataka, his younger brother was Sayana, and Bhogantha, father was Mayana and Mother Srimati. He had two Gurus Sarvavishnu and Bhartiteerth. He died in1391 AD. Theme The Panchadasi is a basic text which introduces into central doctrine of Advaita Vedantic philosophy. Deeper concepts are dealt in more advanced treatise the Upanishads, the Brahmasutras and the Bhagavadgita. The purpose of the life is the realization of the experience of Absolute Existence, which is the highest fulfillment all the aspirations of the whole of creation. Panchdasi as the name suggest this text, "consisting of 15 Chapters grouped into three quintads. This is very much like the three aspects of Brahman – sat (existence), cit (consciousness) and ananda (bliss), respectively. Viveka-panchaka (विवेक-पचंक, viveka-paṃcaka) (dealing with thediscrimination of the real from the non-real): Understanding the nature of reality (Viveka) which distinguishes from external world (जगत, jagata) consist of the five elements -Ether, Air, Fire, Water and Earth and individual (Jiva) consisting of the five sheaths – Annamaya (अन्नमय, annamaya, Physical), Pranamaya (प्राणमय , prāṇamaya, Vital), Manomaya ( मनोमय, manomaya, Mental), Vijnanamaya (विज्ञानमय, vijñānamaya, Intellectual) and Anandamaya (आनन्दमय, ānandamaya, bliss). Pure spirit is encased with five sheaths to delude individual soul as self. Cosmology of creation is described similar to Samkhya (सांख्य,sāṃkhya) philosophy stating the relationship between pure consciousness (Brahman) with material universe. Dipa-panchaka (दीप-पचंक, dīpa-paṃcaka) (expoundinglast five chapters go into details of Brahman as pure Bliss (Ananda). This is not worldly happiness but complex dissolution into eternal pleasure. Duality of Jiva and God merging into one Consciousness and Existence. This Atman ( Brahman) is the source of ultimate happiness the purpose of human life. Vidyaranya has succeeded in an eminent way in setting forth the essentials of Advaita which holds that the direct means to release is the path of knowledge (jnana), and as moksa is the very nature of the Self, it is not an experience which is to be brought about through workspure Consciousness Chapter 10 Natakadipa (नाटकदीपप्रकरणम्) – The lamp of the theatre Ananda-panchaka (आनन्द-पचंक) Chapter 11 Yogananda (योगानन्दप्रकरणम्) - The Bliss Of Yoga Chapter 12 Atmananda (आत्मानन्दप्रकरणम्) - The Bliss of the Self Chapter 13 Advaitananda (अद्वैतानन्दप्रकरणम्) - The Bliss of Non-Duality Chapter 14 Vidyananda (विद्यानन्दप्रकरणम्) - The Bliss of Knowledge Chapter 15 Vishayananda (विषयानन्दप्रकरणम्) - The happiness from external objects See also Advaita Vedanta Bhagwat Gita Upanishad पंचदशी References External links Texts and Commentaries Panchadashi Sanskrit at nic.in Commentary on the Panchadasi - Swami Krishnananda The Philosophy of Panchadasi by Swami Krishnananda Commentary on Panchadasi by Swami Paramarthananda Panchadashi ### Assistant:
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### User: Stillingia spinulosa is a species of flowering plant in the euphorb family known by the common name annual toothleaf. It is native to the Southwestern United States where it occurs in the creosote scrub of the deserts. It is an annual or perennial herb producing a clump of thick, leafy stems approaching a meter in maximum height. The alternately arranged leaves have shiny pointed oval blades 2 to 4 centimeters long and up to 1.2 centimeters wide which are lined with sharp teeth. The inflorescence is a stout spike of flowers 1 to 2 centimeters long. The plant is monoecious, ### Assistant:
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### User: Deep in the Iris is the third studio album by Canadian experimental pop/art rock band Braids. It was released by Arbutus Records worldwide, excluding Canada where it was released by Flemish Eye, on 28 April 2015. It has been described as the band's "sunniest and most immediate record". Background Writing and recording Braids began writing Deep in the Iris in tandem with their second album Flourish // Perish, performing unreleased new songs live in 2012 and 2013, with "Blondie" being the earliest-surviving song to be included on the album. Writing and recording officially began in March 2014 for seven weeksin a cabin in woods near Prescott, Arizona, marking the first time the band had worked on an album outside Canada. After recording Flourish // Perish in their windowless garage in Montreal, Arizona was chosen because the band "wanted to leave winter, to leave what we were familiar with, to go to a place where we felt sunlight on our face". Taylor Smith revealed that the band focused on the process of songwriting, rather than the expectation which comes with recording an album, explaining, "the expectation was to have a beautiful experience together and if a record comes out ofthat beautiful experience, great!". In the first few weeks in Arizona, the band "just went on walks, had talks, roasted marshmallows and chopped firewood and went grocery shopping and cooked meals" in an effort to reconnect after touring Flourish // Perish. The band interrupted the writing process to tour across the United States with Wye Oak for three weeks in May 2014, debuting new songs "Taste" and "Letting Go". The band cut back on the electronic elements which featured on Flourish // Perish and instead refocused on using live instruments, as on their debut album Native Speaker. "Really cool, interesting-soundingpianos" were utilised. Further sessions followed in Delhi, New York and Putney, Vermont in June and July 2014. The "space and beauty" of the retreat in New York, coupled with the energy provided by the presence of the band's friends from Montreal and New York City, helped evolve "Happy When" and "Miniskirt", the latter being the final song written for the album. The album was tracked in Vermont in a turn-of-the-century house, specifically chosen because it contained a Steinway piano. Three additional songs were recorded, but were left off the album. "Sweet World" (played live regularly in 2013 and 2014)was considered for the album, but "just didn’t fit with the whole vision of it". Mixing began with Damian Taylor at Golden Ratio Studios in Montreal in late September 2014, with the sessions concluding in December. With the band having done some preliminary mixing, Taylor's main contribution was to make Raphaelle Standell-Preston's vocals more prominent in the mix. The album's title and track list were announced on February 10, 2015, with opening single "Miniskirt" made available for streaming on the same day. Second song "Taste" was shared on SoundCloud on 4 March. The album was released by Arbutus Records andand what I’ve gone through". The song is also about "standing up for gender equality and in particular, for women’s rights". Artwork Tufts took the album's cover photograph in Vermont, a view through a culvert looking down into a creek. Critical reception Upon its release, the album received mostly positive reviews from music critics. Aggregating website AnyDecentMusic? reported a score of 7.3 based on 19 professional reviews, while Metacritic reported 78 based on 18 professional reviews. The album was a shortlisted nominee for the 2015 Polaris Music Prize. Track listing Personnel Raphaelle Standell-Preston – guitar, piano, lead vocals</li> Austin Tufts ### Assistant:
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### User: Nick Katzman (born 1951) is an American blues musician. Katzman was born in New York City, and lives in both Manhattan and Berlin, Germany. He plays in a variety of musical genres, including Chicago blues, Mississippi blues, Texas blues, and ragtime. Biography As a teenager in the 1960s, Katzman saw many of the surviving country blues guitarists who travelled north to play their music in clubs and at the folk festivals. He learned to lay both guitar and lute. He studied classical music and jazz at Antioch College in Ohio. His classical influences include Sylvius Leopold Weiss and Johann SebastianBach. His blues music was inspired by a number of musicians, including Charlie Patton, Kid Bailey, and Mississippi John Hurt. On his own website, Katzman also cites amongst his teachers the blues masters Mance Lipscomb, Reverend Gary Davis, Stefan Grossman and Rory Block. About 40 years ago, Katzman moved to Germany to live, tour and perform. His music Katzman discussed his musical influences as a mix of various strains of the blues, including Delta blues, country blues, folk music and hokum ragtime. His music has been described as a "wide range of blues from Delta to Gary Davis." Katzman's musichas been compared to Tom Ball and Rich Stein. He has also been compared favorably with his blues forebears Blind Blake and The Rev. Gary Davis. Katzman has collaborated with a number of senior Blues musicians, including Champion Jack Dupree, Carey and Lurie Bell, Louisiana Red, and Guitar Crusher. Katzman also has mentored a number of younger musicians, including Thomasina Winslow. He continues to learn to play new instruments, including the lute. In the United States, Katzman often plays at The Good Coffee House at the Ethical Culture Society meeting house in Brooklyn, New York, New York. He has beenbased (and currently as of 2007) in Germany. In May and June 2007, Katzman toured Europe with Winslow, including a headlining appearance at the Stamford, England at the Stamford Arts Centre. He returned to the Good Coffee House in April 2008, with "special guests Paul Handelman on harp and Thomasina Winslow on guitar and vocals." Discography Solo, acoustic Mississippi River Bottom Blues (Kicking Mule KM 111) (1975) How to Play Delta Blues Guitar (Kicking Mule/Sonet SNKF 112) (1976, UK issue of KM 111) Panic When the Sun Goes Down (Kicking Mule/Sonet SNKF 112 (197?, UK re-issue of KM 111) SparklingRagtime and Hardbitten Blues (Kicking Mule KM 167) (1980) Solo, electric Songs and Bloozes (Stumble Records) Producer and compilations Guitar Crusher's Googa Mooga CD (Blue Sting Records) (producer, player) Eb Davis's Good Time Blues (Acoustic Music) (producer) Played with Ruby Green on the two-volume The Best Of Kicking Mule CD (Laserlight label) and Sparkling Ragtime & Hardbitten Blues, see above Guitarist – Composer Sampler (Kicking Mule 1997) Artist Direct References External links Official website, has a player Rhapsody web site player Rhapsody web site player MP3 Player AOL page (Katzman's May 6 2011 gig in Brooklyn, NY) Category:1951 births Category:Living ### Assistant:
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### User: Selin Demiratar (born 20 March 1983) is a Turkish actress. Biography Selin Demiratar was born in 1983 in Erzincan. She first explored acting at the Antalya Municipal Theatre. In 1999, she won the Miss Globe Turkey beauty pageant and finished in third place at Miss Globe World. After moving to Istanbul, she started her professional acting career with a role in the series 90-60-90. She became popular in Turkey following her appearance in Acı Hayat. Filmography 90-60-90 (2001) – Burcu Koçum Benim (2002–2004) – Eylül Abdülhamit Düşerken (2002) – Ayşe Sultan Lise Defteri (2003) – Güney Esen Sular Durulmuyor (2004) ### Assistant:
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### User: Robert W. Bussard (August 11, 1928 – October 6, 2007) was an American physicist who worked primarily in nuclear fusion energy research. He was the recipient of the Schreiber-Spence Achievement Award for STAIF-2004. He was also a fellow of the International Academy of Astronautics and held a Ph.D. from Princeton University. Kiwi (Rover-A) In June, 1955 Bussard moved to Los Alamos and joined the Nuclear Propulsion Division's Project Rover designing nuclear thermal rocket engines. Bussard and R.D. DeLauer wrote two important monographs on nuclear propulsion, Nuclear Rocket Propulsion and Fundamentals of Nuclear Flight. Bussard ramjet In 1960, Bussard conceived ofthe Bussard ramjet, an interstellar space drive powered by hydrogen fusion using hydrogen collected with a magnetic field from the interstellar gas. Due to the presence of high-energy particles throughout space, much of the interstellar hydrogen exists in an ionized state (H II regions) that can be manipulated by magnetic or electric fields. Bussard proposed to "scoop" up ionized hydrogen and funnel it into a fusion reactor, using the exhaust from the reactor as a rocket engine. It appears the energy gain in the reactor must be extremely high for the ramjet to work at all; any hydrogen picked upby the scoop must be sped up to the same speed as the ship in order to provide thrust, and the energy required to do so increases with the ship's speed. Hydrogen itself does not fuse very well (unlike deuterium, which is rare in the interstellar medium), and so cannot be used directly to produce energy, a fact which accounts for the billion-year scale of stellar lifetimes. This problem was solved, in principle, according to Bussard by use of the stellar CNO cycle in which carbon is used as a catalyst to burn hydrogen via the strong nuclear reaction. Inscience fiction Bussard Ramjets are common plot devices in science fiction. Larry Niven uses them in his Known Space setting to propel interstellar flight. Following a standard hi-tech faster/cheaper/better learning curve, he started with robot probes during the early stages of interstellar colonization and eventually plotted them as affordable to wealthy individuals relocating their families off a too-crowded Earth (in "The Ethics of Madness"). Niven also employed Bussard Ramjets as the propulsion / stabilizing engine of the Ringworld (four novels), which were also set in Known Space. In the Star Trek universe, a variation called the Bussard Hydrogen Collector orBussard Ramscoop appears as part of the matter/antimatter propulsion system that allows Starfleet ships to travel faster than the speed of light. The ramscoops attach to the front of the warp nacelles, and when the ship's internal supply of deuterium runs low, they collect interstellar hydrogen and convert it to deuterium and anti-deuterium for use as the primary fuel in a starship's warp drive. Atomic Energy Commission In the early 1970s Bussard became Assistant Director under Director Robert Hirsch at the Controlled Thermonuclear Reaction Division of what was then known as the Atomic Energy Commission. They founded the mainline fusionprogram for the United States: the Tokamak. In June 1995, Bussard claimed in a letter to all fusion laboratories, as well as to key members of the US Congress, that he and the other founders of the program supported the Tokamak not out of conviction that it was the best technical approach but rather as a vehicle for generating political support, thereby allowing them to pursue "all the hopeful new things the mainline labs would not try". In a 1998 Analog magazine article, fellow fusion researcher Tom Ligon described an easily built demonstration fusor system along with some of Bussard'sideas for fusion reactors and incredibly powerful spacecraft propulsion systems, with which spacecraft could swiftly move throughout the solar system. The Polywell Bussard worked on a promising new type of inertial electrostatic confinement (IEC) fusor, called the Polywell, that has a magnetically shielded grid (MaGrid). He founded Energy/Matter Conversion Corporation, Inc. (EMC2) in 1985 to validate his theory, and tested several (15) experimental devices from 1994 through 2006. The U.S. Navy contract funding that supported the work expired while experiments were still small. However, the final tests of the last device, WB-6, reputedly solved the last remaining physics problem justas the funding expired and the EMC2 labs had to be shut down. Further funding was eventually found, the work continued and the WB-7 prototype was constructed and tested, and the research is ongoing. Appeal for funding During 2006 and 2007, Bussard sought the large-scale funding necessary to design and construct a full-scale Polywell fusion power plant. His fusor design is feasible enough, he asserted, to render unnecessary the construction of larger and larger test models still too small to achieve break-even. Also, the scaling of power with size goes as the seventh power of the machine radius, while thegain scales as the fifth power, so there is little incentive to build half-scale systems; one might as well build the real thing. On March 29, 2006, Bussard claimed on the fusor.net internet forum that EMC² had developed an inertial electrostatic confinement fusion process that was 100,000 times more efficient than previous designs, but that the US Navy budget line item that supported the work was zero-funded in FY2006. Bussard provided more details of his breakthrough and the circumstances surrounding the end of his Navy funding in a letter to the James Randi Educational Foundation internet forum on June 23.From October 2, 2006 to October 6, 2006, Bussard presented an informal overview of the previous decade of his work at the 57th International Astronautical Congress. This was the first publication of this work in 11 years, as the U.S. Navy had put an embargo on publications of the research, in 1994. Bussard presented further details of his IEC fusion research at a Google Tech Talk on November 9, 2006, of which a video was widely circulated. Bussard presented more of his thoughts on the potential world impact of fusion power at a Yahoo! Tech Talk on April 10, 2007.it will begin to displace all other forms of energy." Death Bussard died from multiple myeloma on October 6, 2007 at age 79. See also Tokamak Bussard ramjet Polywell Farnsworth Fusor IEC Project Rover Nuclear propulsion References External links Inertial-Electrodynamic Fusion (IEF) Device - Energy/Matter Conversion Corporation (EMC2) Bussard's website, asking for donations to fund further research American Scientist article mentioning the founding of EMC2 Economic Impact of Cheap Fusion - 3 minutes of excerpts from Bussard's Google Tech Talk Video Bussard documents and sources "Robert Bussard Interview," by K.C. Cole, Omni Magazine, January 1981 Chapter 7 (The Entrepreneurs) from ### Assistant:
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### User: Andrés Paulo Boira Díaz (born 17 November 1987) is a Spanish vision impaired B3 classified para-alpine skier. His guide skiers have included Félix Aznar and Aleix Suñé. He has competed at the 2006 Winter Paralympics, 2009 IPC Alpine Skiing World Championships and the 2010 Winter Paralympics. Personal Boira was born in Vilanova i la Geltrú, Barcelona, and has a visual impairment. Skiing Boira is a B3 classified skier. His guide skiers included Félix Aznar and Aleix Suñé. Boira competed at the 2006 Winter Paralympics. At the 2007 Paralympic Winter World Cup, he earned two silver medals and two bronzes. Hefinished the 2006/2007 European Cup season in second place. At the March 2008 Italian National Championships, Boira and Aznar finished second in the Super G, were disqualified in the Giant Slalom and finished second in the Slalom. At the last round of the European Cup in March 2008, an event held in La Molina, Spain, Boira and Aznar were some of the Spanish skiers competing at the event. He finished the 2007/2008 European Cup season in eighth place after the five test events. At the first IPC Alpine Skiing World Cup event in the 2008/2009 ski season, which was heldat La Molina in Spain, Boira finished fourth overall. At the February 2009 IPC Alpine Skiing World Championships, while skiing with Anzar, he finished sixth in the Super Combined event. In March 2009, with guide Aznar, he competed at the European Cup Alpine Skiing for the Disabled. He finished first in the slalom event. He finished fifth in the giant slalom, seventh in Super G and eighth in Super Combined. Overall, the pair finished fourth with 475 points. In November 2009, he attended an event in Madrid organised by Programa de Alto Rendimiento Paralímpico (Programa ARPA) as part of thepreparation for the Vancouver Games. Following this, he participated in additional team training at the Centro de Tecnificación de La Cerdanya (Girona). At the 2010 World Cup Alpine Skiing for Disabled in Abtenau, Austria, he and his guide finished seventh in the slalom following a first run where they were in the sixth position and a second run where they in the seventh position. He was unable to compete in the Super Combined event because it was cancelled. He then competed with guide Suñé in the third round of the European Cup later in January 2010 at La Molina inSpain. He won a gold medal in the slalom event. At the final event of the 2009/2010 World Cup season, an event held in March 2010 in Aspen, Colorado, he finished sixth in one event with a time of 1:15.57. He finished fifth in the Super Combined. This was the last major event before the 2010 Games. He came into the Aspen World Cup event with 220 World Cup points, ranking ninth in the competition with Suñé as his guide. Before departing for 2010 Winter Paralympics in Vancouver, Boira participated in a departure ceremony attended by State Secretary for Sport ### Assistant:
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### User: The 2010 Roma Open was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor red clay courts. It was part of the 2010 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Rome, Italy between 19 and 24 April 2010. ATP entrants Seeds Rankings are as of April 12, 2010. Other entrants The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw: Florian Mayer Alberto Brizzi Mario Ančić Matteo Trevisan The following players received special exempt into the singles main draw: Jesse Huta Galung The following players received entry from the qualifying draw: Daniele Bracciali Andrea Arnaboldi Rainer Eitzinger Alessio di Mauro The following ### Assistant:
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### User: Julius (I) from the kindred Kán (; died 1237) was a powerful Hungarian baron and landowner, who held several secular positions during the reign of kings Emeric, Ladislaus III and Andrew II. He was the ancestor of the gens Kán which originated from Baranya County. Career Julius I married to the unknown surname Helena (died before 1250). They had two sons, by name Ladislaus I, who served as palatine (1242–1244/5), and Julius II, master of the cupbearers (1222–1228). His name was first mentioned by records as voivode of Transylvania in 1201. Besides voivodeship he also functioned as ispán (comes) ofOne year later, he became voivode of Transylvania for the second term, besides that he functioned as ispán of Szolnok County. Julius I Kán was appointed palatine of Hungary, the second-highest secular office after the king in 1215 and held the position until 1217. According to a non-authentic charter he also functioned as palatine in 1218. He also served as ispán of Sopron County in 1215. During Andrew II's Fifth Crusade (1217–1218), Julius could not prevent the emergence of anarchical conditions, as a result he lost his political influence for a short time. He regained his former influence, as hebecause of the political-historical conditions (prince Andrew rebelled against his older brother's reign). However this theory is can be eliminated by the possibility that Julius was also a secret supporter of prince Andrew, as many others. It is neither reassuring that Julius' career began with too high positions, without the introductory section of smaller offices. Historian Mór Wertner identified all occurring Julius with the person from the kindred Kán during the first decades of the 13th century, unless he had no reason to act differently. In contrast, János Karácsonyi gave an overview about Julius I Kán's career from the year ### Assistant:
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### User: PJSC Gazprom (, ) is a multinational energy corporation headquartered in the Lakhta Center in Saint Petersburg, Russia. As of 2019, with sales over USD$120 billion, it sits as the largest publicly-listed natural gas company in the world and the largest company in Russia by revenue. In the 2019 Forbes Global 2000, Gazprom was ranked as the 40th largest company in the world. Gazprom name is a portmanteau of the Russian words Gazovaya Promyshlennost ( - gas industry). Gazprom is vertically integrated and is active in every area of the gas industry, including exploration and production, refining, transport, distribution andmarketing, and power generation. In 2018, Gazprom produced twelve percent of the global output of natural gas, producing 497.6 billion cubic meters of natural and associated gas and 15.9 million tonnes of gas condensate. Gazprom then exports the gas through pipelines that the company builds and owns across Russia and abroad such as Nord Stream and TurkStream. In the same year, Gazprom has proven reserves of 35.1 trillion cubic meters of gas and 1.6 billion tons of gas condensate. Gazprom is also a large oil producer through its subsidiary Gazprom Neft, producing about 41 million tons of oil with reservesamounting to 2 billion tons. The company also has subsidiaries in industrial sectors including finance, media and aviation, and majority stakes in other companies. Gazprom was created in 1989 when the Soviet Ministry of Gas Industry was converted to a corporation, becoming the first state-run corporate enterprise in the Soviet Union. After the Soviet Union's dissolution, Gazprom was privatized, retaining its Russia-based assets. At that time, Gazprom evaded taxes and state regulation and engaged in asset stripping. The company later returned to government control in the early 2000s, and since then, the company is involved in the Russian Government's diplomaticefforts, setting of gas prices, and access to pipelines. The company is mostly owned by the Russian government, via the Federal Agency for State Property Management and Rosneftegaz, while remaining shares are traded publicly. Gazprom has a listing in the Moscow Exchange and has a market capitalization of US$80.56 billion as of September 2019. History Origins In 1943, during World War II, the government of the Soviet Union developed a domestic gas industry. In 1965, it centralized gas exploration, development, and distribution within the Ministry of Gas Industry. In the 1970s and 1980s, the Ministry of Gas Industry found largenatural gas reserves in Siberia, the Ural region and the Volga region. The Soviet Union became a major gas producer. In August 1989, under the leadership of Viktor Chernomyrdin, the Ministry of Gas Industry was renamed the State Gas Concern Gazprom, and became the Soviet Union's first state run corporate enterprise. In late 1991, when the Soviet Union dissolved, gas industry assets were transferred to newly established national companies, such as Ukrgazprom and Turkmengazprom. Gazprom kept assets located in Russia and secured a monopoly in the gas sector. Privatization In December 1992, when Boris Yeltsin, the Russian President, appointed ViktorChernomyrdin, Gazprom's Chairman, his Prime Minister, the company's political influence increased. Rem Viakhirev took the chairmanship of Gazprom's Board of Directors and Managing Committee. Following the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of 5 November 1992 and the Resolution of the Government of Russia of 17 February 1993, Gazprom became a joint-stock company. Gazprom began to distribute shares under the voucher method. (Each Russian citizen received vouchers to purchase shares of formerly state-owned companies). By 1994, 33% of Gazprom's shares had been bought by 747,000 members of the public, mostly in exchange for vouchers. Fifteen percent of thestock was allocated to Gazprom employees. The state retained 40% of the shares. That amount was gradually lowered to thirty-eight percent. Trading of Gazprom's shares was heavily regulated. Foreigners were prohibited from owning more than nine-percent of the shares. In October 1996, 1% of Gazprom's equity was offered for sale to foreigners as Global Depository Receipts. In 1997, Gazprom offered a bond issue of US$2.5 billion. Chernomyrdin, as Prime Minister of Russia, ensured Gazprom avoided tight state regulation. Gazprom evaded taxes, and the Government of Russia received little in dividends. Gazprom managers and board members, such as Chernomyrdin and theGazprom Chief Executive Officer, Rem Viakhirev, engaged in asset-stripping. Gazprom assets were shared amongst their relatives. Itera, a gas trading company also received Gazprom assets. In March 1998, for reasons unrelated to his activities at Gazprom, Chernomyrdin was fired by Yeltsin. On 30 June 1998, Chernomyrdin was made Chairman of the Board of Directors of Gazprom. State control When, in June 2000, Vladimir Putin became the President of Russia, he acted to gain control over Russia's oligarchs, and increase the Government of Russia's control in important companies through a program of national champions. Putin fired Chernomyrdin from his position asfee. In April 2001, Gazprom acquired NTV, Russia's only nationwide state-independent television station from Vladimir Gusinsky's company, Media-Most holdings. In 2002, the Gazprom subsidiary Gazprom Media acquired all of Gusinsky's shares in companies held by Media-Most. In June 2005, Gazprombank, Gazpromivest Holding, Gazfond and Gazprom Finance B. V., subsidiaries of Gazprom, sold a 10.7399% share of their stock for $7 billion to , a state owned company. Some analysts said the amount paid by Rosneftegaz for the stock was too low. The sale was completed by 25 December 2005. With the purchased stock and the thirty-eight percent share held bythe State Property Committee, the Government of Russia gained control of Gazprom. The Government of Russia revoked the Gazprom twenty percent foreign ownership rule and the company became open to foreign investment. In September 2005, Gazprom bought 72.633 percent of the oil company Sibneft for $13.01 billion. Sibneft was renamed Gazprom Neft. The purchase was aided by a $12 billion loan. Gazprom became Russia's largest company. On the day of the deal the company worth was valued at £69.7 billion (US$123.2 billion.) On 5 July 2006, the Federal Law, On Gas Export, was passed, nearly unanimously, by the State Dumaand on 7 July 2006, by the Federation Council. On 18 July Putin signed the new legislation and on 20 July 2006, the law was published. It gave Gazprom the exclusive right to export natural gas from Russia. In December 2006, Gazprom signed an agreement with Royal Dutch Shell, Mitsui and Mitsubishi, to take over fifty percent plus one share of Sakhalin Energy. In June 2007, TNK-BP, a subsidiary of BP plc, agreed to sell its stake in Kovykta field in Siberia to Gazprom after the Government of Russia questioned BP's right to export gas from Russia. On 23 June2007, the governments of Russia and Italy signed a memorandum of understanding towards a joint venture between Gazprom and Eni SpA to construct a 558-mile (900 km) gas pipeline to carry gas per year from Russia to Europe. This South Stream pipeline would extend under the Black Sea to Bulgaria with a south fork to Italy and a north fork to Hungary. On 1 December 2007, during a visit to Turkey, Putin said the project would not proceed and 63 billion cubic metres per year (bcm/y) of gas would be shipped to Turkey instead of Bulgaria. Bulgaria was being suedby the European Union for signing a contract with Russia, which was not aligned with European Union regulations.The president of Bulgaria, Rosen Plevneliev, pressured the European Union and Russia to quickly resolve the matter. Continual rise On 4 September 2012, the European Commission announced an anti-trust investigation into Gazprom's activities. This was based on "concerns that Gazprom may be abusing its dominant market position in upstream gas supply markets." In late November 2013, Gazprom expanded its media interests by acquiring Profmedia from Vladimir Potanin. On 21 May 2014, in Shanghai, Gazprom and the China National Petroleum Corporation made a contractworth $400 billion over thirty years. The contract was for Gazprom to deliver 38 billion cubic meters of natural gas per year to China beginning in 2018. In August 2014, construction began with pipes for the Power of Siberia pipeline delivered to Lensk, Yakutia. Russia will start supplying natural gas to China through the Power of Siberia pipeline on 20 December 2019 as part of the two countries' $400 billion energy pact. Beijing and Moscow are now negotiating over a second Far Eastern gas pipeline. In June 2014, Gazprom negotiated with the International Petroleum Investment Company (IPIC of Abu Dhabi)over a 24.9 percent stake in the Austrian oil and gas firm OMV. In July 2014, Gazprom acquired Central Partnership, one of the largest film distributors in Russia. Supply and reserves Production In 2011, Gazprom produced of natural gas, which was 17 percent of the worldwide production and 83 percent of Russian production. Of this amount, the Yamburg subsidiary produced 41 percent, Urengoy 23.6 percent, Nadym 10.9 percent, Noyabrsk 9.3 percent and others 15.2 percent. In addition, the company produced 32.28 million tons of oil and 12.07 million tons of gas condensate. Gazprom's main fields are located in the Nadym-Pur-Tazregion (near the Gulf of Ob) in Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug in Western Siberia. Historically, the three largest fields are Medvezhe, Urengoy and Yamburg. After more than twenty years of production, the fields are now in decline. Production from the fields has decreased by twenty to twenty-five bcm per year. The production at Zaporliarnoe, Gazprom's fourth largest field, increased until 2004, offsetting the decline in the other fields. Since 2004, Gazprom has maintained production by activating new smaller fields and by purchasing production assets from other companies. Gazprom Neft produces crude oil. In 2005, Gazprom purchased 75 percent of the GazpromSea. Blue Stream Pipeline One of Gazprom's major projects is the Blue Stream Pipeline. The Blue Stream Pipeline delivers natural gas to Turkey via the Black Sea. In 1997, the Blue Stream Pipeline agreement between Turkey and Russia was signed. In 2000, the first joint was welded. The pipeline has transported 16 billion cubic meters each year. Yamal Peninsula Exploration of the Yamal peninsula has found reserves of over 10 trillion cubic metres of natural gas and over 500 million tons of oil and gas condensate. About 60 percent of these reserves are located in Bovanenkovo, Kharasavey and Novoportovo. The(Arctic shelf) On 8 April 2013, in Amsterdam, Alexey Miller, Chairman of the Gazprom Management Committee and Jorma Ollila, Chairman of the Board of Directors of Royal Dutch Shell signed in the presence of Putin and Mark Rutte prime minister of Netherlands a memorandum outlining the principles of cooperation within hydrocarbons exploration and development in the Arctic shelf and a section of the deep-water shelf. Exploration In 2008, Gazprom carried out of explorative well drilling; of 2D seismic and of 3D seismic survey. As a result, gas reserves grew by , and crude oil and gas condensate reserves grew by61 million tons. Gazprom carries out prospecting and exploration in foreign countries such as India, Pakistan, Algeria, Venezuela, Vietnam, Libya, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan. Transportation Gazprom's Unified Gas Supply System (UGSS) includes of gas trunklines and branches and 218 compressor stations with a 41.4 GW capacity. The UGSS is the largest gas transmission system in the world. In 2008, the transportation system carried of gas. Gazprom has claimed the UGSS has reached its capacity. Major transmission projects include the Nord Stream and South Stream pipelines, as well as pipelines inside Russia. Sales In 2006, Gazprom sold of gas toGerman customers paid $250 per cubic metre (m3), Polish customers $290 per m3, Ukraine customers $130 per m3 and Russian customers $49 per m3. Exports Gazprom delivers gas to 25 European countries. Its main export arm is Gazprom Export LLC, founded in 1973 and before 1 November 2006 known as Gazexport, which has a monopoly on gas exports to countries outside of the former Soviet Union. The majority of Russian gas in Europe is sold on 25 year contracts. In late 2004, Gazprom was the sole gas supplier to Bosnia and Herzegovina, Estonia, Finland, Macedonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Serbia andduring the G20 summit, Gazprom signed an agreement with CNPC that the Henry Hub index would not be used to settle prices for their trades. On 21 May 2014, Putin met with Xi Jinping and negotiated a $400bn deal between Gazprom and CNPC. Under the contract, Russia was to supply 38 billion cubic meters of gas annually over 30 years at a cost of $350 per thousand cubic meters beginning in 2018. During the first half of 2018, Gazprom increased its export about 8.7%. In 2013, the average price of Gazprom’s gas in Europe was about $380 per thousand cubicmeters. China offered a loan of about $50bn to finance development of the gas fields and the construction of the pipeline by Russia up to the Chinese border, with the Chinese to build the remaining pipeline. Price disputes On 1 January 2006, at 10:00 (Moscow time), during the Russia-Ukraine gas dispute, Gazprom ceased the supply of gas to the Ukrainian market. Gazprom called on the government of Ukraine to increase its payment for natural gas in line with increases in global fuel prices. During the night of 3 January 2006 and early morning of 4 January 2006, Naftogas of Ukraineand Gazprom negotiated a deal that temporarily resolved the long-standing gas price conflict between Russia and Ukraine. On 3 April 2006, Gazprom announced it would triple the price of natural gas to Belarus after 31 December 2006. In December 2006, Gazprom threatened to cease supply of gas to Belarus at 10 am Moscow time on 1 January 2007, unless Belarus increased payments from $47 to $200 per 1,000 cubic metres or to cede control over its distribution network. Some analysts suggested Moscow was penalising Alexander Lukashenko, the President of Belarus, for not delivering on pledges of closer integration with Russia,of the shares in Beltransgaz, the Belarusian pipeline network. Immediately following the signing of this agreement, Belarus declared a $42/ton transportation tax on Russian oil travelling through the Gazprom pipelines crossing its territory. On 13 March 2008, after a three-day period where gas supplies to Ukraine were halved, Gazprom agreed to supply Ukraine with gas for the rest of the year. The contract removed intermediary companies. On 1 April 2014, Gazprom increased the gas price charged to Ukraine from $268.50 to $385.50 (£231.00) per 1,000 cubic metres. Ukraine's unpaid gas bills to Russia stood at $1.7bn (£1.02bn). On 30 October2014, Russia agreed to resume gas supplies to Ukraine over the winter in a deal brokered by the European Union. Corporate affairs Gazprom is a vertically integrated company, one which owns its supply and distribution activities. Gazprom owns all its main gas processing facilities in Russia. It operates Russia's high pressure gas pipelines and since 2006, it has held a legal export monopoly. Other natural gas producers, such as Novatek, Russia's second largest gas company, are forced to use Gazprom's facilities for processing and transport of natural gas. At the end of 2008, Gazprom had 221,300 employees in its majorgas production, transportation, underground storage and processing subsidiaries. Of these employees, 9.5 percent were in management, 22.9 percent were specialists, 63.4 percent were workers and 4.2 percent were other employees. Gazprom's headquarters are in the Cheryomushki District, South-Western Administrative Okrug, Moscow. Gazprom is a national champion, a concept advocated by Putin, in which large companies in strategic sectors are expected not only to seek profit, but also to advance Russia's national interests. For example, Gazprom sells gas to its domestic market at a price less than that of the global market. In 2008, Gazprom's activities made up 10 percent ofthe Russian gross domestic product Due to its large projects, including international pipes like Nord Stream and Turkish Stream, Gazprom is a substantial source of revenue for several domestic suppliers and contractors. Shareholders , Gazprom's main shareholders were the Federal Agency for State Property Management with 38.37% and Rosneftegaz with 10.97%. Together with a 0.89 share of Rosgazifikatsiya, they guaranteed a majority control of the company by the Russian government. The rest of the shares were held by investors, including 25.20% by ADR holders on foreign stock markets, and 24.57% by other legal entities and individuals. Gazprom is listed onthe stock markets of Moscow, London, Karachi, Berlin, Frankfurt and Singapore. It is the top component of the MICEX and RTS indices. Subsidiaries Gazprom has several hundred subsidiaries in Russia and abroad which are owned and controlled directly or indirectly by the company. Management Gazprom's Board of Directors as of 9 August 2015: Viktor Zubkov (Chairman, Russian Special Presidential Representative for Cooperation with Gas Exporting Countries Forum, First Deputy Prime Minister of Russia, former Prime Minister of Russia) Alexey Miller (Deputy Chairman, Chairman of the Management Committee, CEO, Chairman of Gazprombank, former Deputy Minister of Energy of Russia) Andrey Akimov(Chairman of Gazprombank) Farit Gazizullin (former Minister of State Property of Russia, former Minister of Property Relations of Russia) Timur Kulibaev (Chairman of Legal Entities Department) Vitaly Markelov (Deputy Chairman of the Management Committee) Viktor Martynov (Rector of Gubkin Russian State University of Oil and Gas, Professor) Vladimir Mau (Rector of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration) Valery Musin (Head of the Civil Procedure Department, Faculty of Law, Saint Petersburg State University) Alexander Novak (Minister of Energy of the Russian Federation) Mikhail Sereda (Deputy Chairman of the Management Committee, Head of the Administration of the ManagementCommittee of Gazprom) Gazprom's management committee as of December 2006: Alexei Miller (Chairman, Deputy Chairman of the Board, CEO, Chairman of Gazprombank, former Deputy Minister of Energy of Russia, member since 2001) Alexander Ananenkov (Deputy Chairman, Deputy Chairman of the Board, Gazprom shareholder, member since 17 December 2001) Valery Golubev (Deputy Chairman, Head of the Department for Construction and Investment, former Head of the Vasileostrovsky District, former member of the Federation Council of Russia, member since 18 April 2003) Alexander Kozlov (Deputy Chairman, member since 18 March 2005) Andrey Kruglov (Deputy Chairman, Head of the Department for Finance and Economics,member since 2002) Alexander Medvedev (Deputy Chairman, Deputy Chairman of the Board, former Director General of Gazprom Export, President of Kontinental Hockey League, member of the Coordination Committee of RosUkrEnergo, member since 2002) Mikhail Sereda (Deputy Chairman, Head of Administration, Deputy Chairman of Gazprombank, member since 28 September 2004) Sergei Ushakov (Deputy Chairman, member since 18 April 2003) Elena Vasilyeva (Deputy Chairman, Chief Accountant, member since 2001) Bogdan Budzulyak (Head of the Department of Gas Transportation, Underground Storage and Utilization, member since 1989) Nikolai Dubik (Head of Legal Department, member since 2008) Konstantin Chuychenko (Head of the Control Department ofRussia, presidential aide to Dmitry Medvedev, former chairman of Gazprom Media, executive director of RosUkrEnergo, former KGB officer, member since 2002) Viktor Ilyushin (Head of the Department of Relationships with Regional Authorities of the Russian Federation, member since 1997) Olga Pavlova (Head of the Department of Asset Management and Corporate Relations, member since 2004) Vasiliy Podyuk (Head of the Department of Gas, Gas Condensate and Oil Production, member since 1997) Vlada Rusakova (Head of the Department of Strategic Development, member since 5 September 2003) Kirill Seleznev (Head of the Department of Marketing and Processing of Gas and Liquid Hydrocarbons, membersince 27 September 2002, Director-General of Mezhregiongaz) Sports sponsorships Gazprom is the owner and sponsor of the Russian Premier League football club FC Zenit Saint Petersburg and volleyball club VC Zenit-Kazan and Gazprom-Ugra Surgut at Russian Super League. On 1 January 2007, Gazprom also became the sponsor of the German Bundesliga club FC Schalke 04 at a cost of up to €25 million per year. On 23 November 2009, the partnership was extended for a further 5 years. The sponsorship was worth $150m (USD) over 5 years. On 9 July 2010, Gazprom became a sponsor of the Serbian SuperLiga footballCup in Russia. Gazprom also was a sponsor for the defunct-Minardi F1 team in 2002-2003. Environmental record According to geographer Richard Heede, Gazprom is second on the list of companies with the highest level of CO2 emissions globally in 2013 with in 2013, amounting to almost 3.4% of worldwide anthropogenic emissions. Gazprom has been ranked as between the 11th and 13th best of 92 oil, gas, and mining companies on upholding indigenous rights in the Arctic. Controversies Yukos Oil fraud Yuganskneftegaz was the core production subsidiary of the Yukos Oil Company, which was previously run by a Russian businessman, Mikhailon bail. In May 2014, the first shipment of Arctic oil arrived at a refinery in the Netherlands and was purchased by the French company, Total. See also Naftogaz CentGas consortium List of Russian companies Enerco Energy Lakhta Center Obskaya–Bovanenkovo Line Energy Triangle List of countries by natural gas production List of countries by natural gas exports List of countries by natural gas proven reserves References Sources External links Russia Category:Natural gas companies of Russia Category:Oil companies of Russia Category:Natural gas companies of the Soviet Union Category:Oil companies of the Soviet Union Category:Natural gas pipeline companies Category:Conglomerate companies of Russia ### Assistant:
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### User: Prince Moulay Ismail of Morocco () (born 7 May 1981) is the son of Prince Moulay Abdallah and Lalla Lamia Solh. His mother is daughter of Riad Al Solh, the first Prime minister of Lebanon. The Prince has one older brother, Prince Moulay Hicham. On 25 September 2009, he married Anissa Lehmkuhl, the daughter of Lieutenant-Colonel Omar Lehmkuhl and his wife, Amina (German citizens converted to Islamic faith). They had issue, one son and four daughters: Sharif Moulay Abdallah, (born on at Rabat), Sharifa Lalla Aisha, (born on at Rabat), Sharifa Lalla Hala, (born on at Rabat). Sharifa Lalla Bahia, ### Assistant:
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### User: Adrian Sutil (; born 11 January 1983) is a German racing driver, who raced in Formula One for seven seasons: from 2007-2011, then 2013-2014. He drove for the Spyker F1 Team, Force India F1 Team and the Sauber F1 Team. He was also the reserve driver for the Williams F1 Team in . Sutil started karting at the age of 14 and moved into single seater racing in 2002 in the Swiss Formula Ford series where he won the title. He moved up into Formula Masters Austria and started 1 race before stepping into Formula BMW ADAC in 2003. Sutilthe 2014 season with the Sauber team. Biography Born in Starnberg, West Germany, Sutil is the son of professional musicians Monika, a German, and Jorge, a Uruguayan. He has two brothers, named Daniel and Raphael. He weighs 75 kilograms (165 pounds) and is 183 centimeters (6 feet) tall. A talented pianist, Sutil started karting at 14 before moving up to Swiss Formula Ford 1800 in 2002. He won all ten rounds of the season from pole and added five wins in the Formula Masters Austria championship. Sutil speaks fluent German, English, and Spanish and a little Italian. Formula BMW andBriton's only serious competitor in the championship and at the Marlboro Masters of Formula Three at Zandvoort. Sutil missed the last two rounds of the 2005 Euroseries after joining A1 Team Germany for the inaugural A1 Grand Prix series. He raced for them at three events in Portugal, Australia and Dubai, his best result being two twelfth places. He spent 2006 racing in Japan and won the All-Japan Formula Three Championship. He showed a very strong performance all season. He also finished third in the Macau Formula Three Grand Prix and made a one-off appearance in Japanese Super GT. Formulahaving been signed on a multi-year contract by the Spyker MF1 Team. In an interview with the Official Formula One website, Sutil's first 2007 teammate, Christijan Albers, commented that "Adrian is a good driver and he will be quick this year, but as a driver you should always be pushing to the limits without thinking what the guy in the car next to you is doing. But Adrian will be a good team-mate and it looks as though he's going to be a big talent [for the future]". Spyker (2007) During 2007, Sutil out-qualified and out-raced his team-mate Albers atthe team had hoped that both Sutil and Giancarlo Fisichella would get into Q2. Due to the damage caused by the accident he had to start from the pit lane because he needed to use a new car and a new engine, and went on to finish 17th in an uneventful race. In Germany, Sutil took advantage of the unpredictable conditions in qualifying, and secured his best-ever qualifying position of seventh. In the race, he was lying in second place for a while before his first pit stop. However, a collision with Kimi Räikkönen after coming out of the pit ### Assistant:
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### User: Tróndur Patursson (born 1 March 1944 in Kirkjubøur) is a Faroese painter, sculptor, glass artist and adventurer. He was educated in Norway and was initially a sculptor. He has since become better known as a painter and glass artist. In February 2013 Patursson had an art exhibition at the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts; it was an installation called "Migration", featuring approximately 90 of his trademark stained glass birds in the Grand Foyer windows throughout Nordic Cool 2013. The exhibition was a part of the Nordic Cool 2013. In 1976 he joined Tim Severin in a transatlantic ### Assistant:
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### User: Pennywell is one of the UK's largest post-war social housing schemes, and is situated in the central-west area of Sunderland, Tyne and Wear, North East England. Pennywell is the largest local authority housing estate in the City of Sunderland. The estate mostly built during the late 1940s and early 1950s to replace 19th century slums in the centre of Sunderland. The name Pennywell is of Celtic origin and is thought to mean "wellspring at the top of the hill". The Pennywell estate consists of nearly 3,000 homes, around 11% of which are privately owned and has a total population of ### Assistant:
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### User: Piotr Petrovich Belousov (; May 3, 1912 – March 31, 1989) was a Soviet, Russian painter, graphic artist, art teacher, professor of the Leningrad Institute of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture named after Ilya Repin, People's Artist of USSR, Corresponding member of the Academy of Arts of the USSR, who lived and worked in Leningrad. He was regarded as one of the brightest representatives of the Leningrad school of painting, being most famous for his portraits and historical paintings. Biography Piotr Petrovich Belousov was born May 3, 1912 in the port city Berdyansk, located on the northern coast of the Seaof Azov, of south-east Ukraine, Russian Empire. In 1929, Piotr Belousov met with Brodsky and by his invitation comes to Leningrad to continue his study. He engaged in drawing and painting under Brodsky leadership, as well as in the studio AKhRs and the Community of Artists. In 1933, Piotr Belousov entered the first course of the painting department of the Leningrad Institute of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture. He studied under Mikhail Bernshtein, Pavel Naumov, Alexander Lubimov, and Vladimir Serov. In 1939, Piotr Belousov graduated from the Repin Institute of Arts in Isaak Brodsky workshop together with Aleksei Gritsai, Lev Orekhov,Mikhail Kozell, Gleb Verner, Elena Skuin, Nikolai Timkov, Boris Sherbakov, and other young artists. His graduation work was the historical painting of "On the eve of [the] October Revolution (Meeting of Lenin and Stalin)". Since 1930, Belousov had participated in Art Exhibitions. He painted genre and historical paintings, portraits, landscapes, worked in easel painting and drawings. Most famous for his portraits and historical paintings devoted to the image of Lenin, the history of Bolshevism and the October Revolution in Russia. His personal exhibitions were in the city of Vologda in 1959, and in Moscow in 1982. Since 1940, Piotr Belousovhad been a member of the Leningrad Union of Artists. In 1939–1989, Belousov taught painting and drawing in the Repin Institute of Arts. He was Professor and Head of Department of Drawing since 1956. In 1970, he was awarded the honorary titles of the Honored Artist of the RSFSR, in 1978 - the Honorary titles of the People's Artist of the Russian Federation (1978). Also, Belousov was elected as the Corresponding Member of the Academy of Arts of the USSR (1979). Piotr Petrovich Belousov died in Leningrad in 1989. Paintings by Piotr Belousov reside in State Russian Museum, State TretyakovGallery, in Art Museums and private collections in Russia, Ukraine, England, France, the U.S., and throughout the world. See also Leningrad School of Painting List of Russian artists List of 20th-century Russian painters List of painters of Saint Petersburg Union of Artists Saint Petersburg Union of Artists References Bibliography S. Ivensky. Piotr Petrovich Belousov. – Leningrad: Khudozhnik RSFSR, 1959. – 40 p. Artists of the USSR. Biography Dictionary. Volume 1. – Moscow: Iskusstvo Edition, 1970. – p. 346. Russian Paintings. 1989 Winter Show. – London: Roy Miles Gallery, 1989. – p. 5,16–17. Charmes Russes. Auction Catalogue. – Paris: Drouot Richelieu,15 Mai 1991. – p. 38. L' Ecole de Saint-Petersburg. Catalogue. – Paris: Drouot Richelieu, 25 Janvier 1993. Matthew C. Bown. Dictionary of 20th Century Russian and Soviet Painters 1900-1980s. – London: Izomar 1998. , . Vern G. Swanson. Soviet Impressionism. – Woodbridge, England: Antique Collectors' Club, 2001. – p. 87,216,274. , . Sergei V. Ivanov. Unknown Socialist Realism. The Leningrad School. – Saint Petersburg: NP-Print Edition, 2007. – p. 9, 13, 15, 19, 26, 28, 357–359, 363–365, 369, 382, 384, 386, 388–393, 396, 399–401, 403–405, 407, 411, 413–415, 419–424, 445. , . Category:1912 births Category:1989 deaths Category:People from Berdyansk ### Assistant:
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### User: Clayhidon () is a village and civil parish in Mid Devon, England. The parish church is St. Andrews. The parish is in the Blackdown Hills and its northern and eastern boundaries form part of the Devon – Somerset border. From the south-east it has boundaries with the Devon parishes of Upottery, Luppitt and Hemyock. Current information about life in the parish, including detailed proceedings of Clayhidon Parish Council since November 2002, can be found on a community website, launched in March 2011. A parish history is found in the Uffculme library and an old map can be found on the ### Assistant:
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### User: Bernardo del Carpio, also spelled Bernaldo del Carpio, is, since the beginnings of modern historical scholarship, a legendary hero of the medieval Kingdom of Asturias. In contrast with El Cid, he was not based on a real person (and thus could be whatever the creator(s) wanted him to be). Until the end of the nineteenth century and the labors of Ramón Menéndez Pidal, he, not El Cid, was the chief hero of medieval Christian Spain. He was believed to be historical. The story Supposedly the nephew of Alfonso II of Asturias, stories feature him striving against Alfonso to release hisfather from prison. Other stories have him as the rival and slayer of Roland at Roncesvaux. Bernardo was said to be the son of Sancho, the Count of Saldaña and Dona Ximena (Alfonso II's sister, therefore grandson of King Fruela I of Asturias). Alfonso was not happy with the marriage, so he had Sancho blinded and thrown into prison and took Bernardo. He was raised in Alfonso II's court. Everybody was ordered not to tell the young Bernardo who his father was. Alfonso invited Charlemagne into Iberia to defeat the Moors, promising to name him as heir. Bernardo's victory atRoncesvaux ended that plan. But Bernardo then joined up with the Moors, hoping to force Alfonso into action; but Alfonso secretly had Sancho killed while in prison. Origins The original legend of Bernardo del Carpio was sung by the jongleurs of the Kingdom of León. Later, the Castilian poet Pero Ferrús (fl. 1380) mentions Bernardo del Carpio in one of his cantigas, which combines the theme of the good life in Castile with a series of loores, or lyric paeans, to a series of Greek, Roman, Biblical, chivalric, and Arab heroes. In 1624 Bernardo de Balbuena published El Bernardo, an ### Assistant:
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### User: Events in the year 1846 in Norway. Incumbents Monarch: Oscar I Events Arts and literature Births 22 February – Peder Nilsen, politician and Minister (d.1921) 4 August – Stephan Sinding, sculptor (d.1922) 5 August – Alvilde Prydz, Norwegian novelist (d.1922 in Norway) 22 August – Amalie Skram, author and feminist (d.1905) 30 September – Oscar Ambrosius Castberg, painter and sculptor (d.1917) 22 October – Anders Andersen, politician (d.1931) 10 December – Gregers Winther Wulfsberg Gram, jurist and politician (d.1929) 15 December – Kittel Halvorson, a U.S. Representative from Minnesota (d.1936) Full date unknown Hans Konrad Foosnæs, politician and Minister (d.1917) ### Assistant:
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### User: "Dancing Your Memory Away" is a song recorded by American country music artist Charly McClain. It was released in June 1982 as the first single from the album Too Good to Hurry. The song reached number three on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart. The song was written by Eddie Burton and Thomas Alan Grant for Barnwood Music which is now owned by HoriPro Entertainment. "Dancing Your Memory Away" also won two BMI awards, one at the country awards in Nashville and the other at the pop awards in Beverly Hills, CA. The song was first recorded by ### Assistant:
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### User: Charles Hamilton Sanford (May 28, 1873 - February 16, 1942) was born in Cleveland, Ohio, and was president of the Syracuse Trust Company and co-founder of Sanford-Herbert Motor Truck Company in Syracuse, New York. Biography Sanford was born in Cleveland, Ohio, on May 28, 1873. He was the son of Theodore S. Sanford and Arabella Fenton Sanford. His father was a "leading figure" in the banking and financial circles of the Ohio metropolis. Early career C. Hamilton Sanford, as he was known, was "so eager to get into the business field in which his father had succeeded" that, on graduationfrom Cleveland public schools, he took a job as a messenger for the German-American Savings Bank. He worked there for a year and then became a clerk in the Western Reserve National Bank of Cleveland, where he remained until its merger with the Bank of Commerce National Association. During his time there, he rose to the position of "paying teller" and after the merger he was promoted to a "receiving teller" and later, "assistant cashier". Bank president In 1902, he became "cashier" of the old National Bank of Syracuse where he remained in that position until 1915, when he was ### Assistant:
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### User: Hina Pervaiz Butt (; born 19 January 1982) is a Pakistani politician who was a Member of the Provincial Assembly of the Punjab, since May 2013. Early life and education Hina was born on 19 January 1982 in Lahore. She received her initial education from Convent of Jesus and Mary, Lahore. She earned the degrees of Bachelor of Science (Hons) in 2004 and received the degree of Master of Business Administration in 2010 from Lahore University of Management Sciences. In 2016, she earned Master of Arts in International Relations from Middlesex University campus in Dubai. Hina has to her creditcommitment and passion has specifically driven towards activism through legislation for human rights and supporting civil society in its implementation and action, the most debated being legislation against forced conversions. She has rendered her services as the General Secretary of First Women Parliamentary Caucus of Punjab, Pakistan (2015- 2016) and currently serving as the Women Health Representative of the Women Caucus. She also holds an important charge as the General Secretary of the Youth Caucus for the effective of implementation of Youth Rights, highlighting issues pertaining to the youth in the assembly. She is closely working with civil society and ### Assistant:
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### User: "You Rock My World" is a song by American singer Michael Jackson from his tenth and final studio album Invincible (2001) It was released as the lead single from the album on August 22, 2001 by Epic Records. "You Rock My World" peaked at number 10 on the Billboard Hot 100 and was Jackson's last top ten song in the United States until "Love Never Felt So Good", which featured Justin Timberlake, peaked at number 9 in 2014. The track reached number one in France, Poland, Portugal, Romania, South Africa, and Spain. It also peaked within the top ten inAustralia, Austria, Canada, Denmark, Finland, Italy, Sweden, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom. The song was nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Male Pop Vocal Performance at the 44th Grammy Awards. As part of promotion for "You Rock My World", a music video was released. The video, which is thirteen and a half minutes long, was directed by Paul Hunter and features Chris Tucker and Marlon Brando. In the video, Jackson and Tucker portray men who are trying to gain a woman's affection. The video has been compared to Jackson's previous videos "Smooth Criminal" and "The Way You Make MeFeel". "You Rock My World" was performed only twice by Jackson; at Madison Square Garden in New York City at two concerts on September 7th and the 10th on 2001 to celebrate Jackson's career as a solo artist. Footage of the performance was shown in the two-hour CBS television special, Michael Jackson: 30th Anniversary Celebration. Background "You Rock My World" was recorded by Michael Jackson for his studio album, Invincible (2001). The song was co-written and composed by Michael Jackson, Rodney Jerkins, Fred Jerkins III, LaShawn Daniels and Nora Payne and produced by Jackson and Jerkins. "You Rock My World"was officially released as the lead single from the album in mid-August 2001, by Epic Records. Prior to the single’s official release it had been leaked to two New York radio stations on Friday, August 17. Immediately after the songs radio airplay the radio stations had received "a herd of [radio] callers asking for more." "You Rock My World" was first played on the WJTM-FM station at 6 p.m., with WKTU-FM airing the song 45 minutes later. Both stations had played the single every two hours until around 6 p.m. Saturday, when Jackson's record label, Epic Records, called the programdirector for both stations, Frankie Blue, who was also a friend of Jackson, and asked him to stop. Blue later recalled, "They informed me of the dangers of playing a song too early." He refused to say how the song came into his possession. Composition "You Rock My World" is credited as being an uptempo post-disco and R&B song that has vibrating vocal harmonies. The song is played in the time signature of common time in the key E minor, with Jackson's vocal range spanning from the tonal nodes of E3 to Bb4. "You Rock My World" has a moderatetempo of 95 beats per minute. The chord progression in the song is Em7–C9-Bm7–Am7–D–Em7. The song's composition has been compared to Jackson's previous material with Quincy Jones from the 1970s and 1980s, as well as the disco-theme from Jackson's 1979 single, "Don't Stop 'Til You Get Enough". Chris Tucker voices the vocal introduction of the song while all the instruments heard on the track were played by Jackson and Rodney Jerkins. Lyrically, the song's lyrics are about being in love, as well as the effect that it can have, as evident in the opening line, "My life will never bethe same, 'cause, girl, you came and changed the way I walk, the way I talk, I cannot explain". Critical reception Praise was mainly directed at the song's composition, while dissatisfaction towards the song was expressed by critics because they felt that the track was not Jackson's best material. Stephen Thomas Erlewine of AllMusic listed "You Rock My World" as being a highlight for the Invincible album. Reviewer Andrew Hamilton, also of AllMusic, stated that, "If anybody other than Michael Jackson had released 'You Rock My World' with the tons of publicity and promotion it was accorded, it would haveslam dunked the charts and been a multiple award winner. It sold well and got play everywhere, but too many critics panned the song and the album it came from as not being good enough for an artist on Jackson's level." Hamilton commented that people should "give Michael credit" because he was able to maintain a respectable career as a recording artist over the years of his later career. James Hunter of Rolling Stone praised the song's vocal rhythms as being "finely sculpted" and "exquisite". He noted that the song shows similarities to Jackson's previous material with Quincy Jones. MarkBeaumont, a writer for NME, described the song as being a "disco classic" and commented that he felt that the song's brief intro was "funnier than Chris Evans on fire". Catherine Halaby of Yale Daily News stated that the song "showcases the best of 'classic Michael'", and described the song as being "funky, catchy, upbeat, not too creepy". "You Rock My World" was nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Pop Vocal Performance - Male at the 44th Grammy Awards, but it lost the award to James Taylor's "Don't Let Me Be Lonely Tonight". It was Jackson's first Grammy nominationsince 1997, for his single "Earth Song", and his first nomination in that category since 1995. Chart performance "You Rock My World" was commercially successful, generally charting within the top ten positions on music charts worldwide. The song was one of Jackson's last hit singles in the United States in the final years of his career. "You Rock My World" charted within the top twenty positions on the Billboard Hot 100 on September 15, 2001. The following week, the song charted at its peak position, number ten. It became Jackson's highest charting single since his 1995 number-one single, "You AreNot Alone". "You Rock My World" also charted at number seven and thirteen on Billboards Pop chart and R&B/Hip-Hop Songs respectively. Notably, these chart positions were attained based on airplay alone, as no commercial single was issued in the United States. Fred Bronson, Billboard's chart expert at the time, remarked, "Certainly, if a commercial single had been available, it would have peaked higher - perhaps even at no.1". The song also charted within the top ten positions, peaking at number two, on the Canadian RPM Hot 100 chart. "You Rock My World" debuted on the United Kingdom Singles Chart atnumber two, which was its peak position in the country, on October 20. The song remained within the top twenty positions on the chart for four consecutive weeks, and remained within the top 100 positions for fifteen consecutive weeks from October 20, 2001, to January 26, 2002. "You Rock My World" debuted on the French Singles Chart on October 13, 2001, at the number one position. The song remained at the number one position on the chart for three consecutive weeks, and remained within the top twenty positions for ten consecutive weeks. The song debuted on the Dutch Singles Chartsat number four on October 20, and the following week, charted at its peak position, number two. "You Rock My World" debuted on the Finnish Singles Chart on the forty first week of 2001, at its peak position, number two. After three weeks, the song fell off the charts. The song debuted at its peak position, number two, in Norway in the 42nd second week of 2001. The song remained on the chart for six consecutive weeks, charting within the top twenty positions. "You Rock My World" entered New Zealand charts on September 16, at number thirty one. After sevenweeks, the song charted at its peak position, number thirteen, and remained on the chart for twelve weeks in 2001. "You Rock My World" debuted on the Australian Singles Chart at its peak position, number four. After the song charted within the top fifty positions for five consecutive weeks, it fell off the chart, and re-entered two weeks later at number thirty seven, and fell off the chart for the second time on January 6, 2002. "You Rock My World" debuted on the Italian Singles Chart on November 11, at its peak position number three, and remained within the topten positions for four weeks in 2001. The song peaked at number two and four on the Belgium Flanders and Walonia charts in 2001. On the Austrian Singles Chart, the song debuted at its peak position, number nine, on October 21, and it remained on the chart for a total of eight weeks. After Jackson's death in June 2009, "You Rock My World" re-entered music charts worldwide and re-entered Billboard charts for the first time in almost eight years. The song also peaked at number sixty two on Billboards Digital Songs chart on July 11, 2009. The song re-entered theUnited Kingdom Singles Chart on July 4, charting at number ninety-seven. The following week the song charted at its peak position, number sixty, and charted out of the top 100 positions after spending three weeks on the chart. "You Rock My World" re-entered the Australian Singles Chart for the third time on July 19, at number fifty. The song remained on the chart for only one week. Promotion In late August 2001, Jackson and Sony Music began a promotional campaign for "You Rock My World". As part of promotion for the single, as well as the album, Jackson made apublic appearance by celebrating his 43rd birthday—one day late—by presiding over the NASDAQ market opening ceremony in Times Square on Thursday morning, on August 30, 2001. Jackson only performed "You Rock My World" twice. The only performances of "You Rock My World" was during two concerts in early September 2001, which was to celebrate Jackson's 30th year as solo artist, at Madison Square Garden. Tucker, who is part of the song's dialogue and video, was part of the live performance. Footage of the second concert on September 10 was shown in a two-hour television special, titled Michael Jackson: 30th AnniversaryCelebration, which was aired on CBS in November of the same year. Music video The music video for "You Rock My World" was directed by Paul Hunter, and was released in 2001. The video, which is over thirteen minutes long, was described as being a short film. The dance performed during the video consists of fragments from the canceled "Dangerous" music video. The video consists of Jackson's and Tucker's characters trying to gain the affection of a woman (Kishaya Dudley) by subsequently following her around the neighborhood. Ultimately, a fight breaks out between Jackson and the gang members in ascreams for Tucker, who had been dancing to the song, and he knocks out some of the gang members. During the escape, the woman who met Jackson approaches him outside the bar. The two share a kiss, and Tucker quickly rolls in with a low rider, signaling for Jackson and his new lover to escape, leaving the bar which is consumed in flames. The video for "You Rock My World" was thought to be the last music video to feature any participation from Jackson before the video for "One More Chance" was unearthed (his following videos would consist of archivefootage of himself and others). The video has been compared to Jackson's previous 1980s music videos for his singles, "Smooth Criminal" (1987), "Bad" (1987), and "The Way You Make Me Feel" (1987), all from his 1987 studio album, Bad. In the video, Jackson can be seen wearing a blazer and his traditional hat. The video features appearances from Marlon Brando, Michael Madsen and Billy Drago. The video won an NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Music Video at the award show’s 2002 ceremony. In several instances in the video, Tucker's character makes several references to previous songs by Michael Jackson, suchas "Beat It", "P.Y.T. (Pretty Young Thing)", "The Girl Is Mine", "Bad" ,"Dangerous", and "Billie Jean". The short version of the music video appears on Number Ones, and the long version appears on Michael Jackson's Vision. Live performances "You Rock My World" was performed twice live during the 30th anniversary concerts, which took place in late 2001. In the second concert, he was joined by Usher and Chris Tucker at the end, who danced with him. It was the only full song from Invincible that Jackson had performed live. The song was set to be performed in his This IsIt concerts on certain days replacing "The Way You Make Me Feel". Track listing Personnel Written and composed by Michael Jackson, Darkchild. Produced and all musical instruments performed by Michael Jackson and Rodney Jerkins Lead and background vocals by Michael Jackson Intro by Chris Tucker and Michael Jackson Recorded by Brad Gilderman, Rodney Jerkins, Jean-Marie Horvat, Dexter Simmons and Stuart Brawley Digital editing by Harvey Mason, Jr. and Stuart Brawley Mixed by Bruce Swedien, Lyndell Fraser, and Rodney Jerkins Starring Michael Jackson, Chris Tucker, Marlon Brando, Michael Madsen, Billy Drago, introducing Kishaya Dudley. Directed by Paul Hunter Charts Weekly charts ### Assistant:
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### User: Jean-Louis de Biasi is a published author, lecturer, and spiritual teacher. Career De Biasi was born in Castillonnès (France) in 1959. He holds a master's degree in philosophy (University of Bordeaux). The title of his thesis was "Morals and Religion in the work of Nietzsche". He taught philosophy in France as a teacher for over 15 years, and also successfully graduated in Hebrew. He has been trained in Gestalt therapy with certification from the Institut Francais de Gestalt-Therapie (French Institute of Gestalt Therapy). For several years, he also practiced oneirology and hypnotherapy. From the 70's to the 90’s he practicedPast Master belonging at present to the Grand Lodge F.A.A.M. of the State of Nevada (U.S.A.). He also received the 32° of the American Scottish Rite in Washington, D.C., and was initiated into Royal Arch Masonry in Canada. During the time he lived in France and prior to joining American Freemasonry, the entirety of the Egyptian Freemasonry degrees (33°-95°) as well as other related degrees were received by him. Beginning in 1999 and over the course of the next few years, he reawakened, founded, and organized within the Grand Orient de France (the largest Masonic organization in France) the Egyptiansystem of Memphis-Misraim according to the American degrees organized by John Yarker. It was also during 1999 that the Grand Orient de France asked him to create a scientific publication which was called Arcana. He was nominated Grand Chancellor in 2002 and Grand Orator in 2003. In 1997, Jean-Louis de Biasi founded La Parole Circule (Spread the Word), the first-ever online magazine of international scope devoted to Freemasonry and restricted to Freemasons. This magazine was published until 2008. He was also one of the founders of the online community of Fraternelle des Internautes Francophones, the first French Masonic one tobe established. As a published author, Jean-Louis de Biasi has written in French about the fields of Freemasonry, ancient religions, and rituals. He was published by Grancher Publications (Editions Grancher). His writings in English have been and continue to be published by Llewellyn Publications. Several of his books have been translated into various languages such as French, Portuguese, Spanish, Russian, and Dutch. As a published author, he is a member of the National Writers Union and the International Federation of Journalists. With Patricia, his wife, he is writings new books published by Llewellyn Publications. Published works Books Excerpts from his ### Assistant:
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### User: The Frankland Range is a mountain range that is located in the south-west region of Tasmania, Australia. The range forms part of a natural south-western border to the impounded Lake Pedder, formed by the damming of the Serpentine and Huon rivers. As part of the South West Wilderness area, it is a less popular site of bushwalking than other, more famous, ranges in Tasmania's South West, and is for much more advanced walkers due to its length, isolation and terrain. Access routes to the range are by boat from the lake, or the roads at Strathgordon or Scotts Peak Dam. ### Assistant:
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### User: Babacar M'Baye Gueye (born 2 March 1986) is a Senegalese professional footballer who plays as a forward for China League One side Inner Mongolia Zhongyou. At international level, he represented the Senegal national team. Club career Born in Dakar, Gueye began his career with Génération Foot and joined FC Metz in 2002. On 27 January 2009, the Senegalese striker was loaned to CS Sedan where he remained until June 2009. On 23 July 2009, he signed a four-year contract with German club Alemannia Aachen for a transfer fee of €500,000. During the summer break, he agreed to a one-year loanspell at FSV Frankfurt. Gueye made his first game for his new club on the season opener at home against Union Berlin, on 15 July 2011. He failed to score from the penalty spot in the dying seconds of injury time, thus the game ended in a 1–1 draw. Gueye transferred to China League One club Shenzhen Ruby on 28 February 2012. He won two successive top scorers of the league between 2012 and 2013. International career Gueye was a member of the Senegal national football team with 25 appearances and six goals. Personal life His younger brother is ex-Metzmidfielder Ibrahima Gueye who now plays for CS Louhans-Cuiseaux and his cousin is Momar N'Diaye, who also played for Metz. References External links Category:1986 births Category:Living people Category:Sportspeople from Dakar Category:Senegalese footballers Category:Senegalese expatriate footballers Category:Senegal international footballers Category:2008 Africa Cup of Nations players Category:FC Metz players Category:Alemannia Aachen players Category:FSV Frankfurt players Category:Shenzhen F.C. players Category:Xinjiang Tianshan Leopard F.C. players Category:Heilongjiang Lava Spring F.C. players Category:Inner Mongolia Zhongyou F.C. players Category:Association football forwards Category:French people of Senegalese descent Category:Expatriate footballers in Romania Category:Expatriate footballers in Germany Category:Expatriate footballers in China Category:China League One players Category:Liga I players Category:2. Bundesliga ### Assistant:
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### User: Desmond Andrew Herbert (17 June 1898 – 8 September 1976) was an Australian botanist. The son of a fruit-grower, Herbert was born in Diamond Creek, Victoria in 1898; was educated at Malvern State School and the Melbourne Church of England Grammar School, then matriculated to the University of Melbourne, from which he obtained a BSc in Biology in 1918 and a MSc in Botany in 1920. He began his botanic career in 1919 as a botanical assistant in the Explosives Section of Western Australia's Mines Department. He was later appointed Economic Botanist and Plant Pathologist for Western Australia, and alsolectured part-time in agricultural botany and plant pathology at the University of Western Australia. During this time he made a number of collecting expeditions in south-west Western Australia, and published a number of plant taxa, of which Logania tortuosa, Melaleuca coronicarpa, Daviesia uniflora, Xanthorrhoea brevistyla and Xanthorrhoea nana (Dwarf Grasstree) remain current. In 1921, he published a book, The Poison Plants of Western Australia. In 1921, Herbert took up a position as Professor of Plant Physiology and Pathology at the University of the Philippines. On 11 December 1922 he married his assistant Vera McNeilance Prowse, daughter of John Henry Prowse;they would have two sons and two daughters. Herbert returned to Australia in 1924, joining the Botany Department of the University of Queensland. Initially his position was that of lecturer, but in 1929 he obtained his D.Sc. from the University of Melbourne, and he was awarded an honorary D.Sc. by the University of Queensland in 1935. In 1946 he was promoted to associate professor; two years later he was appointed acting professor, and shortly afterwards foundation professor of botany. He was later made Dean of the Faculty of Science. Herbert was President of the Queensland Naturalists' Club in 1926; ofresearch into chemical warfare, and co-wrote a survival manual for the Royal Australian Air Force entitled Friendly Fruits and Vegetables. Herbert retired in 1965, and a year later was appointed CMG. He died in Royal Brisbane Hospital on 8 September 1976, and his body was cremated. One of his sons, John Desmond, was a Member of the Legislative Assembly of Queensland, and a minister in Frank Nicklin's Country Party government. A daughter born in 1930, Joan Winifred (Cribb), herself became a botanist of some renown. Eucalyptus herbertiana was named in his honour. Herbert was red-green colour blind. References Category:1898 births ### Assistant:
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### User: General Qamar Javed Bajwa (born 11 November 1960), , is a Pakistani general who is the 10th and current Chief of Army Staff (COAS; the army head) of the Pakistan Army since 29 November 2016. In 2018, he was ranked as the 68th most influential person in the world by Forbes magazine. Born in Karachi, General Bajwa was educated at the Sir Syed College and Gordon College in Rawalpindi before joining the Pakistan Military Academy in 1978. General Bajwa was commissioned in 1980 in the 16th Battalion of the Baloch Regiment. Prior to his appointment as the Chief of ArmyStaff of Pakistan Army, he served at the General Headquarters as the Inspector General of the Training and Evaluation from 22 September 2015 to 29 November 2016 and as field commander of the X Corps from 14 August 2013 to 22 September 2015 which is responsible for the area along the Line of Control at Kashmir. In addition, he served as a Brigadier in the UN mission in Congo and as a brigade commander in 2007. General Bajwa was awarded with the position as Chief of Army Staff (COAS) till November 2019. The tenure was further extended for 6 monthsby Supreme Court of Pakistan. . On 7th January 2020, National Assembly Of Pakistan passed bills to extend General Bajwa's tenure upto three years till 29 November 2022. Early life and education Born in Karachi Sindh, Pakistan on 11 November 1960, Bajwa was educated at the Sir Syed College and Gordon College in Rawalpindi before joining the Pakistan military Academy in 1978. His family hails from Ghakhar Mandi, Punjab. Muhammad Iqbal Bajwa, was an officer of Pakistan Army who died while in service in 1967 in Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan. Bajwa was seven years old when his father died and hewas the youngest of five siblings. He and his siblings were raised by their mother, who died in September 2013. Bajwa's father-in-law, Ijaz Amjad, was also a Pakistan Army officer who retired with a two-star rank, Major-General. Bajwa completed his secondary and intermediate education at Sir Syed College in Rawalpindi and Gordon College in Rawalpindi before joining the Pakistan Army in 1978, which directed him to attend the military academy. He was sent to attend the Pakistan Military Academy in Kakul and passed out with the class of 62nd PMA Long Course in 1980. Bajwa is a graduate of Commandand Staff in Canada and later attended and secured his graduation from the Naval Postgraduate School in Monterey, California, United States. He also attended the National Defence University. Bajwa is married to Ayesha. The couple have two sons, Saad and Ali. Career in the military After joining the Pakistan Army in 1978, Bajwa was sent to enrolled at the Pakistan Military Academy (PMA) in Kakul, and passed out from the PMA Kakul where he gained commissioned as 2nd-Lt., on 24 October 1980 in the 16th Baloch Regiment at the Sialkot Cantonment – the same unit that his father commanded. In1988, Major Bajwa briefly served in the 5th Northern Light Infantry Regiment in Kashmir. In addition, Lieutenant-Colonel Bajwa served in the X Corps, stationed in Rawalpindi, as a staff officer. Upon promoting as one-star rank army general, Brigadier Bajwa served as the Chief of Staff (COS) at the X Corps before promoting to the two-star rank and commanding a division in Northern Pakistan. In 2003, Brig. Bajwa commanded the Pakistan Armed Forces-Africa Command, attached to the UN peacekeeping mission MONUSCO, in Congo Brig. Bajwa served in the Congo as a brigade commander under then-Major General Bikram Singh, the former Chiefof the Army Staff of the Indian Army from 2012–14. Gen. Singh later termed Bajwa's performance there as "professional and outstanding." After being promoted to two-star rank in May 2009, Major-General Bajwa took over the command of the Force Command Northern Areas (FCNA) as its GOC, stationed in Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan. In August 2011, he was honored with the Hilal-i-Imtiaz (Military), and posted as an instructor at the School of Infantry and Tactics in Quetta, and later taught staff course at Command and Staff College in Quetta, and course on national security at the National Defence University. On 14 August 2013,Zubair Hayat was appointed Chairman joint chiefs committee. On 29 November 2016, Prime Minister Sharif eventually announced to appoint the fourth by seniority, General Bajwa, as the chief of army staff, superseding two generals who were senior than him. His strong pro-democracy stance and views may have influenced his appointment as an army chief as noted by the media pundits. The Reuters Pakistan reported that Prime Minister Sharif picked Bajwa because of his low-key style. He was also noted as the fourth oldest army chief of staff. About the reception of this appointment, Gen. Bajwa is known to have asound understanding of Indian strategic ambitions in the region and experience of armed conflict on LoC in Kashmir. In December 2016, he was awarded Nishan-e-Imtiaz. Under the command of Gen. Bajwa, the nationwide counterterrorism operations and Khyber-4 were launched in February 2017 and July 2017, respectively. In October 2018, Bajwa was awarded the Order of the Military Merit by Jordan's King Abdullah II . On 19 August 2019, his tenure as an army chief was extended for another 3 years, lasting from November 2019 till November 2022, by Prime Minister of Pakistan Imran Khan. On 26 November, 2019, the SupremeCourt of Pakistan suspended the 3 year extension. On 28 November 2019, Supreme Court of Pakistan approved a short 6-month extension in Bajwa’s term as the COAS. On 7th January 2020, Pakistan's National Assembly Of Pakistan passed bills to extend General Bajwa's tenure upto three years till 29 November 2022. Public image Bajwa is an avid reader and has keen interest in the history of Europe. He enjoys cricket and used to play cricket as a wicket-keeper. General Bajwa reportedly prefers to keep himself updated about the latest developments within the Indian national landscape. He has condemned extremism in allits manifestations, declaring it a key driving force for terrorism. He urged his fellow citizens especially the youth to reject extremist ideologies and terrorism without distinction Awards Effective dates of promotion See also Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf Freedom of the press in Pakistan References External links Pakistan Army official website Category:1960 births Category:Punjabi people Category:People from Karachi Category:Government Gordon College alumni Category:Pakistan Military Academy alumni Category:Naval Postgraduate School alumni Category:Pakistani generals Category:National Defence University, Pakistan faculty Category:Pakistani expatriates in the Democratic Republic of the Congo Category:People of the Congo Crisis Category:Chiefs of Army Staff, Pakistan Category:Recipients of Hilal-i-Imtiaz Category:Recipients of Nishan-e-Imtiaz Category:Living ### Assistant:
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### User: The Mall at Sierra Vista is an indoor shopping center in Sierra Vista, Arizona, United States owned and managed by Brookfield Properties Retail Group. It was constructed during the late 1990s. Sierra Vista was one of the fastest growing communities in Arizona and the major population center for southeastern Arizona. The developers had hoped to market to the growing community, which had no other malls. It was the first major mall to be built in southeastern Arizona, with of retail space. During the mall's opening months, around October 1999, many shoppers expressed surprise at how small the mall was: although ### Assistant:
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### User: The Beast with a Million Eyes (a.k.a. The Unseen) is a 1955 independently made American black-and-white science fiction film, produced and directed by David Kramarsky, that stars Paul Birch, Lorna Thayer, and Dona Cole. Some film sources have said that the film was co-directed by Lou Place. The film was co-produced by Roger Corman and Samuel Z. Arkoff. and was released by American Releasing Corporation, which later became American International Pictures. The film's storyline concerns a space alien that is able to see through the eyes of a large array of Earth life that it can also mentally control, partagainst the alien menace, finally thwarting its plan of conquest. Cast Paul Birch as Allan Kelley Lorna Thayer as Carol Kelley Dona Cole as Sandy Kelley Dick Sargent (credited as Richard Sargeant) as Larry Leonard Tarver as "Him" Bruce Whitmore (voice only) as The Beast Chester Conklin as Old Man Webber Production The Beast with a Million Eyes was the third of a three-picture deal Roger Corman had with the American Releasing Company following The Fast and the Furious (1955) and Five Guns West (1955). Only $29,000 remained to make the film for Pacemaker Productions. The tiny budget meant musicin The Beast with a Million Eyes, credited to "John Bickford", is actually a collection of public-domain record library cues by classical composers Richard Wagner, Dimitri Shostakovich, Giuseppe Verdi, Sergei Prokofiev, and others, used to defray the cost of an original score or copyrighted cues. American Releasing Company president James H. Nicholson had come up with a title and ad treatment that had film exhibitors signed on before seeing the finished film. When the company vice-president Samuel Z. Arkoff received The Beast with a Million Eyes he was unhappy that it did not even feature "the beast" that was implicitin the title. Paul Blaisdell, responsible for the film's special effects, was hired to create a three-foot-tall spaceship (with "beast" alien) for a meager $200. Notably, the Art Director was Albert S. Ruddy, who would later win two "Best Picture" Academy Awards for The Godfather (1972) and Million Dollar Baby (2004). Filming took place in Indio and the Coachella Valley, California. Corman shot 48 pages of interiors in just two days at a studio on La Cienega Blvd. in Los Angeles. The Beast with a Million Eyes was a non-union filming of a script originally titled The Unseen, with LouPlace set to direct. After one day's filming, the union threatened to shut down the production unless everyone signed with the Guild. Roger Corman, who was producing, took over the film's directing chores and replaced the cinematographer with Floyd Crosby; however Corman took no official screen credit. Another version of this story has Corman allocating directing duties to Dave Kramarsky, his associate director on Five Guns West. Reception Film historian Leonard Maltin called The Beast with a Million Eyes, "Imaginative though poorly executed sci-fi melodrama with desert setting; a group of people is forced to confront an alien that cancontrol an unlimited number of animals, hence the title." He further described the film as, "(an) early Roger Corman production (that) features Paul Blaisdell's first movie monster." In 2007 Metro-Goldwyn Mayer sold The Beast with a Million Eyes as part of its Midnight Movies DVD catalog as a double-feature with The Phantom from 10,000 Leagues (1955). See also List of American films of 1955 References Notes Bibliography Lentz, Harris M. III. Science Fiction, Horror & Fantasy Film and Television Credits, Vol. 1. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company, 1983. . McGee, Mark. Faster and Furiouser: The Revised and Fattened Fableof American International Pictures. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company, 1996. . Smith, Gary A. American International Pictures Video Guide. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company, 2009. . Smith, Gary A. American International Pictures: The Golden Years. Albany, Georgia: Bear Manor Media, 2014. . Warren, Bill. Keep Watching the Skies: American Science Fiction Films of the Fifties, 21st Century Edition (revised and expanded). Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company, 2009. . External links Category:1955 films Category:1950s independent films Category:1950s science fiction films Category:1955 horror films Category:American films Category:American science fiction horror films Category:English-language films Category:American black-and-white films Category:Films shot in ### Assistant:
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### User: Saint-Étienne Cathedral () is a Roman Catholic church dedicated to Saint Charles Borromeo, in Saint-Étienne, Loire, France. It has been the cathedral of the Diocese of Saint-Étienne since its creation on 26 December 1970. The building was constructed as an elaborate parish church between 1912 and 1923 in a primitive neo-Gothic style, on a Latin cross groundplan with transept and triple nave, and a belltower on the west front. The building is long, wide and from the centre of the roof vault to the ground. The organ in the choir dates from 1930, and there is another very imposing oneby A. Durand from 1968. The building was a highly ambitious one from the start, and remains unfinished. History The project of a large church for a new parish was decided upon in 1830 to serve the rising population of the city consequent upon its industrial growth. The dedication to Charles Borromeo was an indirect compliment to the then monarch, Charles X. A provisional chapel was built in the Rue Émile Combes in 1829, although only dedicated in 1840, as a temporary measure while the new large church was constructed. In the event the provisional structure had to serve until1923. The extreme delay was due to sustained obstruction from the secularist authorities, which had disastrous consequences for the progress of the new church of Saint-Étienne. Plans for an impressive church were accepted in the 1860s, drawn up by Pierre Bossan, architect to the Archdiocese of Lyon, where his most significant work was the Basilica of Notre-Dame de Fourvière. After many years in storage they were destroyed in a fire, and had to be reconstructed by , from preliminary drawings by Bossan's partner, Giniez, which had been kept by his children. The local architect who finally built the church fromas well as quantities of external and internal decorations. In 1970, the church was elevated to a cathedral when the Diocese of Saint-Étienne was created. On this occasion, the choir was remodelled to conform to the liturgical prescriptions of the Second Vatican Council. In 2005, at the instigation of the Abbé Martin, rector, the layout was completed by the creation of an episcopal cathedral coherent with the altar and the ambo, on drawings by the architect Michel Goyet. Built after the 1905 French law on the Separation of the Churches and the State, it is one of the few cathedrals ### Assistant:
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### User: The 2005 FIBA Africa Women's Clubs Champions Cup (11th edition), was an international basketball tournament held in Bamako, Mali, from October 2 to 9, 2005. The tournament, organized by FIBA Africa and hosted by Djoliba AC, was contested by 8 clubs split into 2 groups, all of which qualifying for the knock-out stage (quarter, semis and final). The tournament was won by home team Djoliba AC which qualified for the 2007 FIBA Women's World League. Draw Squads Qualification Preliminary rounds Times given below are local UTC. Group A Group B Knockout stage Quarter-finals 5th-8th place Semifinals 7th place 5th place ### Assistant:
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### User: Chad Allen Brannon (born August 31, 1979 in Tomball, Texas) is an American actor. Brannon is known for his role as Zander Smith on General Hospital. Early life Chad attended Tomball High School in Texas. He was a football and baseball jock in high school and was planning on studying law but things took a great turn after one of his friends dared him to try out for the highschool's comedy "The Nerd" and became the lead. After that he spent most of his time studying theater and went to Sam Houston State University on scholarship. After a year anda half at Sam Houston, he moved to Los Angeles. Personal life Chad is married to his wife Carly. They have three sons: Hudson (born December 18, 2007), Ford (born January 6, 2010), and Tucker (born June 6, 2011). And a daughter, Navy. Career In 2000 started playing Zander Smith on the daytime soap opera General Hospital. He played the character from 2000–2004, until he was killed off, and won a Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Younger Actor in a Drama Series in 2004. He has also guest starred on Friday Night Lights, Cold Case, and Deadwood. Another of hisroles includes Tolten from the Xbox 360 RPG Lost Odyssey. In 2008, FOX brought on Chad as one of the main network announcers covering many of their hit shows such as The Simpsons, Family Guy, Glee, Sons of Tucson, American Dad, and The Cleveland Show. On December 22, 2009, Brannon returned to General Hospital, in a cameo as a character known only as Aaron. He appeared alongside Natalia Livingston, who was playing the twin of her previous character. Filmography References External links http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0105172/ http://chadbrannon.com/ Category:1979 births Category:American male soap opera actors Category:Living people Category:Daytime Emmy Award winners Category:Daytime Emmy Award ### Assistant:
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### User: is a railway station on the Tobu Tojo Line in Fujimi, Saitama, Japan, operated by the private railway operator Tobu Railway. Lines Tsuruse Station is served by the Tobu Tojo Line from in Tokyo, with some services inter-running via the Tokyo Metro Yurakucho Line to and the Tokyo Metro Fukutoshin Line to and onward via the Tokyu Toyoko Line and Minato Mirai Line to . Located between Mizuhodai and Fujimino stations, it is 22.0 km from the Ikebukuro terminus. Only Semi express and Local services stop at this station. Station layout The station consists of an island platform serving twotracks. The station building is elevated and located above the platform. Platforms Adjacent stations History The station opened on 1 May 1914 coinciding with the opening of the Tojo Railway line from Ikebukuro. The west entrance was opened in 1979. Through-running to and from via the Tokyo Metro Fukutoshin Line commenced on 14 June 2008. From 17 March 2012, station numbering was introduced on the Tobu Tojo Line, with Tsuruse Station becoming "TJ-17". Through-running to and from and via the Tokyu Toyoko Line and Minatomirai Line commenced on 16 March 2013. Passenger statistics In fiscal 2014, the station was used ### Assistant:
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### User: Waterfront Watch Inc is a Wellington organisation which aims to preserve the Wellington waterfront from excessive development. Throughout its history it has frequently engaged in legal action to stop what it sees as negative developments. On the Waterfront Watch website, the organisation describes its purpose as: We are committed to preserving this resource for the people of Wellington and whilst we will support appropriate development that enhances public spaces and usage, we will question any excessive development that seeks to privatise and restrict public access, remove views and viewshafts, downgrades our heritage or introduces excess shading or wind issues. Notablecampaigns Variation 17 In the late 1990s there was a proposal – termed Variation 17 – to redevelop Wellington's waterfront into a mixture of public and private spaces. The proposal drew fierce criticism from some quarters, and Waterfront Watch was formed to stop the proposal. The Wellington City Council received a record-breaking 2,500 public submissions, of which 94% opposed the variation proposal. As a result, the variation proposal was shelved, and the area now known as Waitangi Park remains as public land. North Kumutoto development In November 2013, Wellington Waterfront Ltd detailed plans for an office building on the Kumutotowharf which is over the 22 metre height limit for the area. The proposal came after plans in 2012 for a 6-story office block were blocked by the Environment Court. Waterfront Watch President Pauline Swann said she was appalled that the proposal was going against the Court's recommendation: "We're very concerned. I've had a word to a few councillors about it." See also Wellington Harbour References External links Waterfront Watch on Facebook Wellington Waterfront Limited, the Wellington City Council controlled organisation charged with developing the waterfront Protecting public spaces, story at Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand Category:Organisations based ### Assistant:
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### User: Rothbury Community Hospital is a health facility at Rothbury, Northumberland, England. It is managed by Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust. History The original facility was built as a private home known as Coquet House in 1872. It was converted into the Coquetdale Cottage Hospital in 1905. A maternity ward was added, as a lasting memorial to soldiers who died in the Second World War, in 1946. It joined the National Health Service in 1948 and the adjoining Hawthorn Cottage was acquired in 1956. After Hawthorn Cottage had been converted into a physiotherapy department, it was officially re-opened by Jimmy Savile ### Assistant:
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### User: The 5th Wildflower Film Awards () is an awards ceremony recognizing the achievements of Korean independent and low-budget films. It was held at the Literature House in Seoul on April 12, 2018. This year awards includes a new category for Best Music and Best Producer. A total of 13 prizes were handed out to films nominated across 10 categories for both documentary and narrative works, each with a budget under () and released theatrically between January 1 and December 31, 2017. Nominations and winners (Winners denoted in bold) References External links Wildflower Film Awards Category:Wildflower Film Awards Wildflower Film Awards ### Assistant:
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### User: Raynoch Joseph Thompson (born November 21, 1977) is a former American football linebacker in the National Football League. He was drafted by the Arizona Cardinals in the second round (45th overall) of the 2000 NFL Draft out of the University of Tennessee. He spent 5 years for the Cardinals, until they released him at the end of the 2004 season. After his time with the Cardinals, he signed with the Green Bay Packers, but they cut him before the season. He was an All-American and a Butkus Award Finalist in 1997 and 1998. He was an important part of the ### Assistant:
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### User: Gandedhe () is a 2010 Indian Kannada language romantic action film written and directed by Akula Shiva and produced by Ramu of Ramu Enterprises. The film stars Chiranjeevi Sarja and Ragini Dwivedi in the lead roles. Noted composer Chakri scored the music. Plot Krishna (Chiranjeevi) is a poor college going boy who falls in love with his classmate Nandini (Ragini). Nandini is the daughter of a rich landlord Shankare Gowda (Devaraj). Both fall in love and seeks approval from their parents. Nandini's father is much against the alliance and disapproves the relationship. The rest of the story deals with themethods adopted by Krishna to win over Nandini's family with the help of his friend SMS (Raghu) who has a solution for every issue that Krishna faces. Cast Chiranjeevi Sarja as Krishna Ragini Dwivedi as Nandini Devaraj as Shankare Gowda Rangayana Raghu as SMS Sharath Lohitashwa Ramesh Bhat Aruna Balaraj Kashi Jim ravi Sathyajith Kempegowda Dombara Krishna Suresh Pavan Benaka Vaijanath Biradar Suryanarayana waali Honnavalli Krishna Production Ramu, the head of Ramu Enterprises, teamed up with the Telugu film writer Akul Shiva to direct his debut Kannada film in late 2008. He roped in actor Chiranjeevi Sarja to play thelead role. Actress Ragini Dwivedi was also approached and signed into the team. The film was announced to be basically set in a college campus background. The unit shot two songs in and around Singapore for about eight days. Soundtrack Music was Composed by Chakri and launched on Anand Audio Video. Release The film released on 30 July 2010 across Karnataka. Reception Upon release, the film generally met with average reviews from the critics and audience. Sify in its review Noted "'Gandedhe' is a predictable fare with just some good fight scenes thrown in." OneIndia in its review said "Gandedhe ### Assistant:
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### User: Mount Skook Davidson, , is a mountain in the Kechika Ranges of the Cassiar Mountains in far northern British Columbia, Canada. It overlooks the [[Diamond J Ranch]], which was founded by John Ogilvie Davidson, known as "Skook" Davidson or "Skookum" Davidson because of his stature (big and strong, see skookum). Davidson was a notable local pioneer who worked as a land surveyor before taking up packing and guiding and ranching in this area. He helped discover and select the route for the Alaska Highway. See also List of Chinook Jargon placenames Prominence Its topographic prominence is 1361m above its col ### Assistant:
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### User: Shri Guru Kottureshwara Shrine at Kotturu is an ancient shrine located at the Kudligi taluk, Bellary District, North Karnataka, India, 583134. This temple is 19 km from Kudligi, 28 km from Hagaribommanahalli, 129 km from Davanagere and 253 km from Bangalore. History Origin Kotturu (Kannada: ಕೊಟ್ಟೂರು) is named after Saint Kottureshwara, so its history stems from the history of Guru Kottureshwara. Once on the Earth when the Veerashaiva Sect was under threat, Lord Shiva and Parvathi from Heaven (Kailasa) ordered Nandi to go to Sarasipura/Shikapura (the earlier name of Kottur) and protect the innocent people. So Lord Nandi disguised in ### Assistant:
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### User: The Olivetans, or the Order of Our Lady of Mount Olivet, are a monastic order formally recognised in 1344. They have formed the Olivetan Congregation within the Benedictine Confederation since 1960. History Foundation The Order of Our Lady of Mount Olivet is a small Roman Catholic order, founded in 1313 by Bernardo Tolomei (born Giovanni Tolomei) along with two of his friends from the noble families of Siena, Patrizio Patrizi and Ambrogio Piccolomini. They initially lived as hermits in the "savage waste of Accona". The building of the monastery here began with the approbation of the foundation charter by Guido ### Assistant:
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### User: Sir Adolphus Oughton, 1st Baronet of Tachbrook, Warwickshire (c. 1685 – 4 September 1736), was a British Army officer and politician. Oughton was the son of Adolphus Oughton and Mary Samwell, daughter of Richard Samwell, of Upton, Northamptonshire. and educated at Trinity College, Oxford and the Middle Temple (1703). He joined the British Army and was a captain and lieutenant-colonel in the 1st Foot Guards (1706), a 1st major and colonel in the Coldstream Guards (1715) and a lieutenant-colonel (1717) in the 8th Dragoons, of which regiment he assumed the colonelcy in 1733. He was promoted brigadier-general in 1735. Hewas Groom of the Bedchamber to the Prince of Wales from 1714 to 1717. He sat as Member of Parliament for Coventry between 1715 and 1736. In 1718 he was created a baronet, of Tetchbrook in the County of Warwick. He died in September 1736. He had first married his cousin, Frances Wagstaffe, daughter and heir of Sir Thomas Wagstaffe and the widow of Sir Edward Bagot, 4th Baronet, M.P., of Blithfield, Staffordshire. He secondly married Elizabeth, the daughter of John Baber of Sunninghill, Berkshire. He had no legitimate children and thus the baronetcy became extinct, although he did however ### Assistant:
Nodes:[["Adolphus Oughton", {"description":'British politician', "alias":['Brig.-Gen. Sir Adolphus Oughton, 1st Bt.']}], ["1736", {}], ["Baronet", {}], ["Politician", {}], ["Oughton", {}], ["Trinity College, Oxford", {}]] Relations:[["Adolphus Oughton", "date of death", "1736"], ["Adolphus Oughton", "noble title", "Baronet"], ["Adolphus Oughton", "occupation", "Politician"], ["Adolphus Oughton", "family name", "Oughton"], ["Adolphus Oughton", "educated at", "Trinity College, Oxford"]]
### User: Washington Hodges Timmerman (May 29, 1832 – July 14, 1908) was an American politician. Between 1893 and 1897 he was the 61st Lieutenant Governor of the State of South Carolina. Career Washington Timmerman grew up in Edgefield County. After subsequent medical studies and his admission as a doctor, he began to work in this profession. He also worked as a farmer. During the Civil War he served in the Confederate Army, where he rose to the rank of captain. Politically, he was a member of the Democratic Party. He served in both the House of Representatives of South Carolina andthe Senate of South Carolina, where he served as President Pro Tempore. Following the resignation of Lieutenant Governor Eugene B. Gary, who resigned to serve as a justice at the South Carolina Supreme Court, Timmerman was forced to assume the vacated office of Lieutenant Governor, in accordance with the state constitution as "President Pro Tempore" of the State Senate. He was later officially elected. This position he held between 1893 and 1898. He was a deputy to the Governor and Formal Chairman of the Senate. Until 1894 he officiated under Governor Benjamin Tillman and then under his successor John Gary ### Assistant:
Nodes:[["Washington H. Timmerman", {"description":'American politician'}], ["Politician", {}], ["Timmerman", {}]] Relations:[["Washington H. Timmerman", "occupation", "Politician"], ["Washington H. Timmerman", "family name", "Timmerman"]]
### User: The Museo di Palazzo Mocenigo (aka Palazzo Mocenigo di San Stae) is a palazzo near the Church of San Stae, south of the Grand Canal in the sestiere of Santa Croce in Venice, Italy. It is now a museum of fabrics and costumes, run by the Fondazione Musei Civici di Venezia. Building The palazzo is a large building in the gothic style. It was rebuilt extensively at the start of the 17th century. From this time, the palazzo was the residence of the San Stae branch of the Mocenigo family, one of the most important Venetian families. Seven members ofthe family were Doges of Venice. Museum The Palazzo Mocenigo was bequeathed to the city of Venice by Alvise Nicolò Mocenigo in 1945. He was the last descendant of the family and intended the palazzo to be used "as a Gallery of Art, to supplement Museo Correr". In 1985, the palazzo was designated as the Museum and Study Centre of the History of Fabrics and Costumes. The museum contains collections of textiles and costumes, mainly from the Correr, Guggenheim, and Cini collections, as well as the Palazzo Grassi. Palazzo Mocenigo also has a library on the first floor covering the ### Assistant:
Nodes:[["Museo di Palazzo Mocenigo", {"description":'palazzo in the sestiere of Santa Croce in Venice, Italy; it is now a museum of fabrics and costumes'}], ["Italy", {}], ["Venice", {}]] Relations:[["Museo di Palazzo Mocenigo", "country", "Italy"], ["Museo di Palazzo Mocenigo", "located in the administrative territorial entity", "Venice"], ["Museo di Palazzo Mocenigo", "owned by", "Venice"]]

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