app.py

# %%
# Import section
# (Please don't edit this section unless if necessary)
import copy
from pathlib import Path
import warnings
import holidays
import seaborn as sns
import matplotlib
import matplotlib.dates as mdates
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
plt.style.use('fivethirtyeight')
import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
import glob
import csv
import lightning.pytorch as pl
from lightning.pytorch.callbacks import EarlyStopping, LearningRateMonitor
from lightning.pytorch.loggers import TensorBoardLogger
import torch
from pytorch_forecasting import Baseline, TemporalFusionTransformer, TimeSeriesDataSet
from pytorch_forecasting.data import GroupNormalizer, NaNLabelEncoder
from pytorch_forecasting.metrics import SMAPE, PoissonLoss, QuantileLoss
from pytorch_forecasting.models.temporal_fusion_transformer.tuning import optimize_hyperparameters
import random
import gc
import tensorflow as tf
import tensorboard as tb
tf.io.gfile = tb.compat.tensorflow_stub.io.gfile
import os
import math
import sys
from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split
from sklearn.preprocessing import MinMaxScaler
import tensorflow as tf
from tensorflow.keras.layers import Conv1D, LSTM, Dense, Dropout, Bidirectional, TimeDistributed
from tensorflow.keras.layers import MaxPooling1D, Flatten
from tensorflow.keras.regularizers import L1, L2
from tensorflow.keras.metrics import Accuracy
from tensorflow.keras.metrics import RootMeanSquaredError
from sklearn.metrics import mean_squared_error as MSE
from sklearn.model_selection import KFold
from sklearn.inspection import permutation_importance
from tensorflow.keras.utils import plot_model
from sklearn.metrics import explained_variance_score, mean_poisson_deviance, mean_gamma_deviance, mean_squared_error, mean_squared_log_error, d2_absolute_error_score, d2_pinball_score, d2_tweedie_score
from sklearn.metrics import r2_score
from sklearn.metrics import max_error
import datetime
from datetime import date
import optuna 
from tensorflow.keras.callbacks import Callback
from optuna.integration import TFKerasPruningCallback
import shutil
import gradio as gr

# Some variables (don't edit these variables unless if necessary)
DEVICE = 'cuda' if torch.cuda.is_available() else 'cpu'
random.seed(30)
np.random.seed(30)
tf.random.set_seed(30)
torch.manual_seed(30)
torch.cuda.manual_seed(30)

# Global variables
PATIENCE = 30
MAX_EPOCHS = 3
LEARNING_RATE = 0.01
OPTUNA = True
ACCELERATOR = "cpu"

# Variables to count the number of files
w = 7
prax = [0 for x in range(w)] 

# %%
# Objective function for Optuna (CNN-LSTM)
def objective(trial, X_train, y_train, X_test, y_test):
    model = tf.keras.Sequential()

    # Creating the Neural Network model here...
    # CNN layers
    model.add(Conv1D(filters=64, kernel_size=3, activation='relu', input_shape=(X_train.shape[1], 1)))
    # model.add(Dense(5, kernel_regularizer=L2(0.01)))

    # LSTM layers
    model.add(Bidirectional(LSTM(trial.suggest_int("lstm_units_1", 32, 256), return_sequences=True)))
    model.add(Dropout(trial.suggest_float("dropout_1", 0.1, 0.5)))
    model.add(Bidirectional(LSTM(trial.suggest_int("lstm_units_2", 32, 256), return_sequences=False)))
    model.add(Dropout(trial.suggest_float("dropout_2", 0.1, 0.5)))

    #Final layers
    model.add(Dense(1, activation='relu'))
    model.compile(optimizer='adam', loss='mse', metrics=['mse'])

    # Train the model
    pruning_callback = TFKerasPruningCallback(trial, "val_loss")
    history = model.fit(X_train, y_train, validation_data=(X_test, y_test), epochs=15, batch_size=32, verbose=0, callbacks=[pruning_callback])

    # Evaluate the model
    loss = model.evaluate(X_test, y_test, verbose=0)[0]

    return loss

# %%
# Function to train the model (CNN-LSTM)
def modelCNNLSTM(csv_file, prax):
    # Read the data
    df = csv_file
    temp_data = df.iloc[0:3000, 1:25]
    trek = df.iloc[3000:,1:25]
    #print(temp_data)
    data = temp_data
    sc = MinMaxScaler()
    # Split the data into training and testing sets
    train_size = int(len(data) * 0.8)
    train_data, test_data = data[:train_size], data[train_size:]

    # Separate the input features and target variable
    X_train, y_train = train_data, train_data['Close']
    X_test, y_test = test_data, test_data['Close']

    X_train = X_train[0:len(X_train)-1]
    y_train = y_train[1:len(y_train)]
    X_test = X_test[0:len(X_test)-1]
    y_test = y_test[1:len(y_test)]

    Xt = X_train
    Xts = X_test
    Yt = y_train
    Yts = y_test

    y_train = y_train.values.reshape(-1,1)
    y_test = y_test.values.reshape(-1,1)

    X_train = sc.fit_transform(X_train)
    y_train = sc.fit_transform(y_train)
    X_test = sc.fit_transform(X_test)
    y_test = sc.fit_transform(y_test)

    x_tr=pd.DataFrame(X_train, index = Xt.index, columns = Xt.columns)
    y_tr=pd.DataFrame(y_train, index = Yt.index)
    x_te=pd.DataFrame(X_test, index = Xts.index, columns = Xts.columns)
    y_te=pd.DataFrame(y_test, index = Yts.index)

    # Reshape the data for the CNN-LSTM model
    X_train = X_train.reshape((X_train.shape[0], X_train.shape[1], 1))
    X_test = X_test.reshape((X_test.shape[0], X_test.shape[1], 1))

    study = optuna.create_study(direction="minimize", pruner=optuna.pruners.MedianPruner(n_min_trials=5, n_startup_trials=5))
    fn = lambda trial: objective(trial, X_train=X_train, X_test=X_test, y_train=y_train, y_test=y_test)
    study.optimize(fn, n_trials=7)

    best_params = study.best_params
    #print(f"Best params: {best_params}")

    model = tf.keras.Sequential()

    # Creating the Neural Network model here...
    # CNN layers
    model.add(Conv1D(filters=64, kernel_size=3, activation='relu', input_shape=(X_train.shape[1], 1)))
    # model.add(Dense(5, kernel_regularizer=L2(0.01)))

    # LSTM layers
    model.add(Bidirectional(LSTM(best_params["lstm_units_1"], return_sequences=True)))
    model.add(Dropout(best_params["dropout_1"]))
    model.add(Bidirectional(LSTM(best_params["lstm_units_2"], return_sequences=False)))
    model.add(Dropout(best_params["dropout_2"]))

    #Final layers
    model.add(Dense(1, activation='relu'))
    model.compile(optimizer='adam', loss='mse', metrics=['mse'])

    # Train the model
    history = model.fit(X_train, y_train, validation_data=(X_test, y_test), epochs=10, batch_size=32, verbose=0)

    # Evaluate the model
    loss = model.evaluate(X_test, y_test, verbose=0)[0]

    print(f"Final loss (without KFold): {loss}")
        
    kfold = KFold(n_splits=10, shuffle=True)

    inputs = np.concatenate((X_train, X_test), axis=0)
    targets = np.concatenate((y_train, y_test), axis=0)
    acc_per_fold = []
    loss_per_fold = []
    xgb_res = []
    num_epochs = 10
    batch_size = 32

    fold_no = 1
    print('------------------------------------------------------------------------')
    print("Training for 10 folds... Standby")
    for train, test in kfold.split(inputs, targets):
        #print('------------------------------------------------------------------------')
        #print(f'Training for fold {fold_no} ...')
        history = model.fit(inputs[train], targets[train],
                  batch_size=32,
                  epochs=15,
                  verbose=0)

        scores = model.evaluate(inputs[test], targets[test], verbose=0)
        #print(f'Score for fold {fold_no}: {model.metrics_names[0]} of {scores[0]}; {model.metrics_names[1]} of {scores[1]*100}%')
        acc_per_fold.append(scores[1] * 100)
        loss_per_fold.append(scores[0])
        fold_no = fold_no + 1

    
    print('------------------------------------------------------------------------')
    #print('Score per fold')
    #for i in range(0, len(acc_per_fold)):
    #    print('------------------------------------------------------------------------')
    #    print(f'> Fold {i+1} - Loss: {loss_per_fold[i]} - Loss%: {acc_per_fold[i]}%')
    #print('------------------------------------------------------------------------')
    #print('Average scores for all folds:')
    #print(f'> Possible Loss %: {np.mean(acc_per_fold)} (+- {np.std(acc_per_fold)})')
    #print(f'> Loss: {np.mean(loss_per_fold)}')
    #print('------------------------------------------------------------------------')
    
    trek = df.iloc[0:len(df), 1:25]
    Y = trek[0:len(trek)]
    YP = trek[1:len(trek)]
    Y1 = Y['Close']
    Y2 = YP['Close']
    Yx = pd.DataFrame(YP, index=YP.index, columns=YP.columns)
    #X = sc.fit_transform(X.reshape(-1,22))
    Y = np.array(Y)
    Y1 = np.array(Y1)
    Y = sc.fit_transform(Y)
    Y1 = Y1.reshape(-1,1)
    Y1 = sc.fit_transform(Y1)

    train_X = Y.reshape(Y.shape[0],Y.shape[1],1)
    #Y = Y.reshape(-1,1)
    pred = model.predict(train_X, verbose=0)
    pred = np.array(pred).reshape(-1,1)
    var2 = max_error(pred.reshape(-1,1), Y1)
    print('Max Error: %f' % var2)
    prax[5] = float(var2)
    pred = sc.inverse_transform(pred)

    print(pred[-2], pred[-1])
    prax[3] = pred[-2]
    prax[4] = pred[-1]
    if(pred[-1]-pred[-2]>0):
        prax[6] = 1 
    elif(pred[-1]-pred[-2]==0):
        prax[6] = 0
    else:
        prax[6] = -1

# %%
# Function to train the model (CNN-LSTM)
def modelCNNLSTM_OpenGap(csv_file, prax):
    # Read the data
    df = csv_file
    datLength = len(df)
    df['O-C'] = 0
    for i in range(datLength):
        if i == 0:
            df['O-C'][i] = 0
            continue
        else:
            df['O-C'][i] = df['Open'][i] - df['Close'][i-1]
    temp_data = df.iloc[0:3000, 1:27]
    trek = df.iloc[3000:,1:27]
    #print(temp_data)
    data = temp_data
    sc = MinMaxScaler()
    # Split the data into training and testing sets
    train_size = int(len(data) * 0.8)
    train_data, test_data = data[:train_size], data[train_size:]

    # Separate the input features and target variable
    X_train, y_train = train_data, train_data['Close']
    X_test, y_test = test_data, test_data['Close']

    X_train = X_train[0:len(X_train)-1]
    y_train = y_train[1:len(y_train)]
    X_test = X_test[0:len(X_test)-1]
    y_test = y_test[1:len(y_test)]

    Xt = X_train
    Xts = X_test
    Yt = y_train
    Yts = y_test

    y_train = y_train.values.reshape(-1,1)
    y_test = y_test.values.reshape(-1,1)

    X_train = sc.fit_transform(X_train)
    y_train = sc.fit_transform(y_train)
    X_test = sc.fit_transform(X_test)
    y_test = sc.fit_transform(y_test)

    x_tr=pd.DataFrame(X_train, index = Xt.index, columns = Xt.columns)
    y_tr=pd.DataFrame(y_train, index = Yt.index)
    x_te=pd.DataFrame(X_test, index = Xts.index, columns = Xts.columns)
    y_te=pd.DataFrame(y_test, index = Yts.index)

    # Reshape the data for the CNN-LSTM model
    X_train = X_train.reshape((X_train.shape[0], X_train.shape[1], 1))
    X_test = X_test.reshape((X_test.shape[0], X_test.shape[1], 1))

    study = optuna.create_study(direction="minimize", pruner=optuna.pruners.MedianPruner(n_min_trials=5, n_startup_trials=5))
    fn = lambda trial: objective(trial, X_train=X_train, X_test=X_test, y_train=y_train, y_test=y_test)
    study.optimize(fn, n_trials=7)

    best_params = study.best_params
    #print(f"Best params: {best_params}")

    model = tf.keras.Sequential()

    # Creating the Neural Network model here...
    # CNN layers
    model.add(Conv1D(filters=64, kernel_size=3, activation='relu', input_shape=(X_train.shape[1], 1)))
    # model.add(Dense(5, kernel_regularizer=L2(0.01)))

    # LSTM layers
    model.add(Bidirectional(LSTM(best_params["lstm_units_1"], return_sequences=True)))
    model.add(Dropout(best_params["dropout_1"]))
    model.add(Bidirectional(LSTM(best_params["lstm_units_2"], return_sequences=False)))
    model.add(Dropout(best_params["dropout_2"]))

    #Final layers
    model.add(Dense(1, activation='relu'))
    model.compile(optimizer='adam', loss='mse', metrics=['mse'])

    # Train the model
    history = model.fit(X_train, y_train, validation_data=(X_test, y_test), epochs=10, batch_size=32, verbose=0)

    # Evaluate the model
    loss = model.evaluate(X_test, y_test, verbose=0)[0]

    print(f"Final loss (without KFold): {loss}")
        
    kfold = KFold(n_splits=10, shuffle=True)

    inputs = np.concatenate((X_train, X_test), axis=0)
    targets = np.concatenate((y_train, y_test), axis=0)
    acc_per_fold = []
    loss_per_fold = []
    xgb_res = []
    num_epochs = 10
    batch_size = 32

    fold_no = 1
    print('------------------------------------------------------------------------')
    print("Training for 10 folds... Standby")
    for train, test in kfold.split(inputs, targets):
        #print('------------------------------------------------------------------------')
        #print(f'Training for fold {fold_no} ...')
        history = model.fit(inputs[train], targets[train],
                  batch_size=32,
                  epochs=15,
                  verbose=0)

        scores = model.evaluate(inputs[test], targets[test], verbose=0)
        #print(f'Score for fold {fold_no}: {model.metrics_names[0]} of {scores[0]}; {model.metrics_names[1]} of {scores[1]*100}%')
        acc_per_fold.append(scores[1] * 100)
        loss_per_fold.append(scores[0])
        fold_no = fold_no + 1

    
    print('------------------------------------------------------------------------')
    #print('Score per fold')
    #for i in range(0, len(acc_per_fold)):
    #    print('------------------------------------------------------------------------')
    #    print(f'> Fold {i+1} - Loss: {loss_per_fold[i]} - Loss%: {acc_per_fold[i]}%')
    #print('------------------------------------------------------------------------')
    #print('Average scores for all folds:')
    #print(f'> Possible Loss %: {np.mean(acc_per_fold)} (+- {np.std(acc_per_fold)})')
    #print(f'> Loss: {np.mean(loss_per_fold)}')
    #print('------------------------------------------------------------------------')
    
    trek = df.iloc[0:len(df), 1:27]
    Y = trek[0:len(trek)]
    YP = trek[1:len(trek)]
    Y1 = Y['Close']
    Y2 = YP['Close']
    Yx = pd.DataFrame(YP, index=YP.index, columns=YP.columns)
    #X = sc.fit_transform(X.reshape(-1,22))
    Y = np.array(Y)
    Y1 = np.array(Y1)
    Y = sc.fit_transform(Y)
    Y1 = Y1.reshape(-1,1)
    Y1 = sc.fit_transform(Y1)

    train_X = Y.reshape(Y.shape[0],Y.shape[1],1)
    #Y = Y.reshape(-1,1)
    pred = model.predict(train_X, verbose=0)
    pred = np.array(pred).reshape(-1,1)
    var2 = max_error(pred.reshape(-1,1), Y1)
    print('Max Error: %f' % var2)
    prax[5] = float(var2)
    pred = sc.inverse_transform(pred)

    print(pred[-2], pred[-1])
    prax[3] = pred[-2]
    prax[4] = pred[-1]
    if(pred[-1]-pred[-2]>0):
        prax[6] = 1 
    elif(pred[-1]-pred[-2]==0):
        prax[6] = 0
    else:
        prax[6] = -1

# %%
# Function to train the model (TFT)
def modelTFT(csv_file, prax):
    train = csv_file
    #test = pd.read_csv("/kaggle/input/artemis-test/nifty_daily.csv")
    train['date'] = pd.to_datetime(train['Date/Time'])
    #test['date'] = pd.to_datetime(test['Date'])

    data = pd.concat([train], axis = 0, ignore_index=True)
    # Check that key is country-store-product-date combination
    #assert len(data.drop_duplicates(['country', 'store', 'product', 'date'])) == len(data)
    # Check that there is one date per country-store-product combination
    #assert len(data.drop_duplicates(['country', 'store', 'product'])) == len(data)//data['date'].nunique()

    #display(train.sample(4))

    """<a id ="3"></a><h3 style="background:#0554f2; border:0; border-radius: 4px; color:#f5f6f7">Model Implementation in Pytorch-Forecasting </h3>"""

    # Add a time_idx (an sequence of consecutive integers that goes from min to max date)

    data = (data.merge((data[['Date/Time']].drop_duplicates(ignore_index=True)
    .rename_axis('time_idx')).reset_index(), on = ['Date/Time']))
    # add additional features
    data["day_of_week"] = data['date'].dt.dayofweek.astype(str).astype("category")  # categories have be strings
    data["week_of_year"] = data['date'].dt.isocalendar().week.astype(str).astype("category")  # categories have be strings
    data["month"] = data['date'].dt.month.astype(str).astype("category")  # categories have be strings
    #data["log_num_sold"] = np.log(data.num_sold + 1e-8)
    #data["avg_volume_by_country"] = data.groupby(["time_idx", "country"], observed=True).num_sold.transform("mean")
    #data["avg_volume_by_store"] = data.groupby(["time_idx", "store"], observed=True).num_sold.transform("mean")
    #data["avg_volume_by_product"] = data.groupby(["time_idx", "product"], observed=True).num_sold.transform("mean")

    #unique_dates_country = data[['date', 'Ticker']].drop_duplicates(ignore_index = True)
    #unique_dates_country['is_holiday'] = (unique_dates_country
    #                                      .apply(lambda x: x.date in holidays.country_holidays(x.country), axis = 1).astype('category'))
    #unique_dates_country['is_holiday_lead_1'] = (unique_dates_country
    #                                             .apply(lambda x: x.date+pd.Timedelta(days=1) in holidays.country_holidays(x.country), axis = 1).astype('category'))
    #unique_dates_country['is_holiday_lead_2'] = (unique_dates_country
    #                                             .apply(lambda x: x.date+pd.Timedelta(days=2) in holidays.country_holidays(x.country), axis = 1).astype('category'))
    #unique_dates_country['is_holiday_lag_1'] = (unique_dates_country
    #                                            .apply(lambda x: x.date-pd.Timedelta(days=1) in holidays.country_holidays(x.country), axis = 1).astype('category'))
    #unique_dates_country['is_holiday_lag_2'] = (unique_dates_country
    #                                            .apply(lambda x: x.date-pd.Timedelta(days=2) in holidays.country_holidays(x.country), axis = 1).astype('category'))
    #data = data.merge(unique_dates_country, on = ['date', 'Ticker'], validate = "m:1")
    #del unique_dates_country
    gc.collect()
    data.sample(5, random_state=30)

    train = data.iloc[:len(train)]
    test = data.iloc[len(train):]

    max_prediction_length = 2
    max_encoder_length = train.date.nunique()
    training_cutoff = train["time_idx"].max() - max_prediction_length #we will validate on 2020

    # Let's create a Dataset
    training = TimeSeriesDataSet(
        train[lambda x: x.time_idx <= training_cutoff],
        time_idx="time_idx",
        target="Close",
        group_ids=["Ticker"],
        min_encoder_length=max_prediction_length,  # keep encoder length long (as it is in the validation set)
        max_encoder_length=max_encoder_length,
        max_prediction_length=max_prediction_length,
        static_categoricals=["Ticker"],
        time_varying_known_categoricals=["month", "week_of_year", "day_of_week"],
        #variable_groups={"is_holiday": ["is_holiday"]},  # group of categorical variables can be treated as one variable
        time_varying_known_reals=["time_idx"],
        time_varying_unknown_categoricals=[],
        time_varying_unknown_reals=[
            'BBtop','BBbottom','Open','High','Low','Close','OI','RSI14','RSI44','HHRSI','EMARSI','Rsi Weekly','LLVC','HHV','LLCHHV','white','Daily','Sea Green','Weekly','Hourly','5mins','Ema5','Ema20','Ema50'
        ],
        target_normalizer=GroupNormalizer(
            groups=['Ticker'], transformation="softplus"
        ),  # use softplus and normalize by group
        categorical_encoders={
            'week_of_year':NaNLabelEncoder(add_nan=True)
        },
        #lags={'num_sold': [7, 30, 365]},
        add_relative_time_idx=True,
        add_target_scales=True,
        add_encoder_length=True,
    )

    # create validation set (predict=True) which means to predict the last max_prediction_length points in time
    # for each series
    validation = TimeSeriesDataSet.from_dataset(training, train, predict=True, stop_randomization=True)

    # create dataloaders for model
    batch_size = 128  # set this between 32 to 128
    train_dataloader = training.to_dataloader(train=True, batch_size=batch_size, num_workers=0)
    val_dataloader = validation.to_dataloader(train=False, batch_size=batch_size * 10, num_workers=0)

    #let's see how a naive model does

    actuals = torch.cat([y for x, (y, weight) in iter(val_dataloader)])#.cuda()
    baseline_predictions = Baseline().predict(val_dataloader)#.cuda()
    (actuals - baseline_predictions).abs().mean().item()

    sm = SMAPE()

    print(f"Median loss for naive prediction on validation: {sm.loss(actuals, baseline_predictions).mean(axis = 1).median().item()}")

    """<a id ="4"></a><h3 style="background:#0554f2; border:0; border-radius: 4px; color:#f5f6f7">Training and Evaluation</h3>

    I'm not particularly interested in performances, rather in showing how easy it is to use the library.
    """

    early_stop_callback = EarlyStopping(monitor="train_loss", min_delta=1e-2, patience=PATIENCE, verbose=False, mode="min")
    lr_logger = LearningRateMonitor()  # log the learning rate
    logger = TensorBoardLogger("lightning_logs")  # logging results to a tensorboard

    trainer = pl.Trainer(
        max_epochs=1,
        accelerator=ACCELERATOR,
        enable_model_summary=False,
        gradient_clip_val=0.25,
        limit_train_batches=10,  # coment in for training, running valiation every 30 batches
        #fast_dev_run=True,  # comment in to check that networkor dataset has no serious bugs
        callbacks=[lr_logger, early_stop_callback],
        logger=logger,
    )

    tft = TemporalFusionTransformer.from_dataset(
        training,
        learning_rate=LEARNING_RATE,
        lstm_layers=2,
        hidden_size=16,
        attention_head_size=2,
        dropout=0.2,
        hidden_continuous_size=8,
        output_size=1,  # 7 quantiles by default
        loss=SMAPE(),
        log_interval=10,  # uncomment for learning rate finder and otherwise, e.g. to 10 for logging every 10 batches
        reduce_on_plateau_patience=4
    )

    tft.to(DEVICE)
    trainer.fit(
        tft,
        train_dataloaders=train_dataloader,
        val_dataloaders=val_dataloader,
    )
    #torch.cuda.empty_cache()
    #print(f"Number of parameters in network: {tft.size()/1e3:.1f}k")

    if OPTUNA:
        from pytorch_forecasting.models.temporal_fusion_transformer.tuning import optimize_hyperparameters

        # create study
        study = optimize_hyperparameters(
            train_dataloader,
            val_dataloader,
            model_path="optuna_test",
            n_trials=5,
            max_epochs=MAX_EPOCHS,
            gradient_clip_val_range=(0.01, 0.5),
            hidden_size_range=(8, 64),
            hidden_continuous_size_range=(8, 24),
            attention_head_size_range=(1, 4),
            learning_rate_range=(0.001, 0.1),
            dropout_range=(0.1, 0.3),
            trainer_kwargs=dict(limit_train_batches=30),
            reduce_on_plateau_patience=4,
            pruner=optuna.pruners.MedianPruner(n_min_trials=3, n_startup_trials=3),
            use_learning_rate_finder=False,  # use Optuna to find ideal learning rate or use in-built learning rate finder
        )
    #torch.cuda.empty_cache()
    #'''
    trainer = pl.Trainer(
        max_epochs=MAX_EPOCHS,
        accelerator=ACCELERATOR,
        enable_model_summary=False,
        gradient_clip_val=study.best_params['gradient_clip_val'],
        limit_train_batches=20,  # coment in for training, running valiation every 30 batches
        #fast_dev_run=True,  # comment in to check that networkor dataset has no serious bugs
        callbacks=[lr_logger, early_stop_callback],
        logger=logger,
        precision="bf16-mixed", 
    )
    
    tft = TemporalFusionTransformer.from_dataset(
        training,
        learning_rate=study.best_params['learning_rate'],
        lstm_layers=2,
        hidden_size=study.best_params['hidden_size'],
        attention_head_size=study.best_params['attention_head_size'],
        dropout=study.best_params['dropout'],
        hidden_continuous_size=study.best_params['hidden_continuous_size'],
        output_size=1,  # 7 quantiles by default
        loss=SMAPE(),
        log_interval=10,  # uncomment for learning rate finder and otherwise, e.g. to 10 for logging every 10 batches
        reduce_on_plateau_patience=4
    )

    tft.to(DEVICE)
    trainer.fit(
        tft,
        train_dataloaders=train_dataloader,
        val_dataloaders=val_dataloader,
    )
    #'''    
    #torch.cuda.empty_cache()
    best_model_path = trainer.checkpoint_callback.best_model_path
    best_tft = TemporalFusionTransformer.load_from_checkpoint(best_model_path)
    actuals = torch.cat([y[0] for x, y in iter(val_dataloader)])
    predictions = best_tft.predict(val_dataloader, mode="prediction")
    raw_predictions = best_tft.predict(val_dataloader, mode="raw", return_x=True)

    sm = SMAPE()
    print(f"Validation median SMAPE loss: {sm.loss(actuals, predictions).mean(axis = 1).median().item()}")
    prax[5] = sm.loss(actuals, predictions).mean(axis = 1).median().item()
    #best_tft.plot_prediction(raw_predictions.x, raw_predictions.output, idx=0, add_loss_to_title=True);

    print(raw_predictions[0][0])
    prax[3] = '-'
    prax[4] = raw_predictions[0][0].data.cpu().tolist()[0][0]
    t = prax[4]
    tm = data['Close'][len(data)-1]
    if(t-tm>0):
        prax[6] = 1 
    elif(t-tm==0):
        prax[6] = 0
    else:
        prax[6] = -1
    #prax[i][3] = raw_predictions[0][0].data[1]
    print("-----------")

    #with open("out.csv", "w", newline="") as f:
    #  writer = csv.writer(f)
    #  writer.writerows(prax)

# %%
# Function to train the model (TFT)
def modelTFT_OpenGap(csv_file, prax):
    train = csv_file
    #test = pd.read_csv("/kaggle/input/artemis-test/nifty_daily.csv")
    train['date'] = pd.to_datetime(train['Date/Time'])
    #test['date'] = pd.to_datetime(test['Date'])
    datLength = len(train)
    train['O-C'] = 0
    for i in range(datLength):
        if i == 0:
            train['O-C'][i] = 0
            continue
        else:
            train['O-C'][i] = train['Open'][i] - train['Close'][i-1]
    data = pd.concat([train], axis = 0, ignore_index=True)
    # Check that key is country-store-product-date combination
    #assert len(data.drop_duplicates(['country', 'store', 'product', 'date'])) == len(data)
    # Check that there is one date per country-store-product combination
    #assert len(data.drop_duplicates(['country', 'store', 'product'])) == len(data)//data['date'].nunique()

    #display(train.sample(4))

    """<a id ="3"></a><h3 style="background:#0554f2; border:0; border-radius: 4px; color:#f5f6f7">Model Implementation in Pytorch-Forecasting </h3>"""

    # Add a time_idx (an sequence of consecutive integers that goes from min to max date)

    data = (data.merge((data[['Date/Time']].drop_duplicates(ignore_index=True)
    .rename_axis('time_idx')).reset_index(), on = ['Date/Time']))
    # add additional features
    data["day_of_week"] = data['date'].dt.dayofweek.astype(str).astype("category")  # categories have be strings
    data["week_of_year"] = data['date'].dt.isocalendar().week.astype(str).astype("category")  # categories have be strings
    data["month"] = data['date'].dt.month.astype(str).astype("category")  # categories have be strings
    #data["log_num_sold"] = np.log(data.num_sold + 1e-8)
    #data["avg_volume_by_country"] = data.groupby(["time_idx", "country"], observed=True).num_sold.transform("mean")
    #data["avg_volume_by_store"] = data.groupby(["time_idx", "store"], observed=True).num_sold.transform("mean")
    #data["avg_volume_by_product"] = data.groupby(["time_idx", "product"], observed=True).num_sold.transform("mean")

    #unique_dates_country = data[['date', 'Ticker']].drop_duplicates(ignore_index = True)
    #unique_dates_country['is_holiday'] = (unique_dates_country
    #                                      .apply(lambda x: x.date in holidays.country_holidays(x.country), axis = 1).astype('category'))
    #unique_dates_country['is_holiday_lead_1'] = (unique_dates_country
    #                                             .apply(lambda x: x.date+pd.Timedelta(days=1) in holidays.country_holidays(x.country), axis = 1).astype('category'))
    #unique_dates_country['is_holiday_lead_2'] = (unique_dates_country
    #                                             .apply(lambda x: x.date+pd.Timedelta(days=2) in holidays.country_holidays(x.country), axis = 1).astype('category'))
    #unique_dates_country['is_holiday_lag_1'] = (unique_dates_country
    #                                            .apply(lambda x: x.date-pd.Timedelta(days=1) in holidays.country_holidays(x.country), axis = 1).astype('category'))
    #unique_dates_country['is_holiday_lag_2'] = (unique_dates_country
    #                                            .apply(lambda x: x.date-pd.Timedelta(days=2) in holidays.country_holidays(x.country), axis = 1).astype('category'))
    #data = data.merge(unique_dates_country, on = ['date', 'Ticker'], validate = "m:1")
    #del unique_dates_country
    gc.collect()
    data.sample(5, random_state=30)

    train = data.iloc[:len(train)]
    test = data.iloc[len(train):]

    max_prediction_length = 2
    max_encoder_length = train.date.nunique()
    training_cutoff = train["time_idx"].max() - max_prediction_length #we will validate on 2020

    # Let's create a Dataset
    training = TimeSeriesDataSet(
        train[lambda x: x.time_idx <= training_cutoff],
        time_idx="time_idx",
        target="Close",
        group_ids=["Ticker"],
        min_encoder_length=max_prediction_length,  # keep encoder length long (as it is in the validation set)
        max_encoder_length=max_encoder_length,
        max_prediction_length=max_prediction_length,
        static_categoricals=["Ticker"],
        time_varying_known_categoricals=["month", "week_of_year", "day_of_week"],
        #variable_groups={"is_holiday": ["is_holiday"]},  # group of categorical variables can be treated as one variable
        time_varying_known_reals=["time_idx"],
        time_varying_unknown_categoricals=[],
        time_varying_unknown_reals=[
            'BBtop','BBbottom','Open','High','Low','Close','OI','RSI14','RSI44','HHRSI','EMARSI','Rsi Weekly','LLVC','HHV','LLCHHV','white','Daily','Sea Green','Weekly','Hourly','5mins','Ema5','Ema20','Ema50', 'O-C'
        ],
        target_normalizer=GroupNormalizer(
            groups=['Ticker'], transformation="softplus"
        ),  # use softplus and normalize by group
        categorical_encoders={
            'week_of_year':NaNLabelEncoder(add_nan=True)
        },
        #lags={'num_sold': [7, 30, 365]},
        add_relative_time_idx=True,
        add_target_scales=True,
        add_encoder_length=True,
    )

    # create validation set (predict=True) which means to predict the last max_prediction_length points in time
    # for each series
    validation = TimeSeriesDataSet.from_dataset(training, train, predict=True, stop_randomization=True)

    # create dataloaders for model
    batch_size = 128  # set this between 32 to 128
    train_dataloader = training.to_dataloader(train=True, batch_size=batch_size, num_workers=0)
    val_dataloader = validation.to_dataloader(train=False, batch_size=batch_size * 10, num_workers=0)

    #let's see how a naive model does

    actuals = torch.cat([y for x, (y, weight) in iter(val_dataloader)])#.cuda()
    baseline_predictions = Baseline().predict(val_dataloader)#.cuda()
    (actuals - baseline_predictions).abs().mean().item()

    sm = SMAPE()

    print(f"Median loss for naive prediction on validation: {sm.loss(actuals, baseline_predictions).mean(axis = 1).median().item()}")

    """<a id ="4"></a><h3 style="background:#0554f2; border:0; border-radius: 4px; color:#f5f6f7">Training and Evaluation</h3>

    I'm not particularly interested in performances, rather in showing how easy it is to use the library.
    """

    early_stop_callback = EarlyStopping(monitor="train_loss", min_delta=1e-2, patience=PATIENCE, verbose=False, mode="min")
    lr_logger = LearningRateMonitor()  # log the learning rate
    logger = TensorBoardLogger("lightning_logs")  # logging results to a tensorboard

    trainer = pl.Trainer(
        max_epochs=1,
        accelerator=ACCELERATOR,
        enable_model_summary=False,
        gradient_clip_val=0.25,
        limit_train_batches=10,  # coment in for training, running valiation every 30 batches
        #fast_dev_run=True,  # comment in to check that networkor dataset has no serious bugs
        callbacks=[lr_logger, early_stop_callback],
        logger=logger,
    )

    tft = TemporalFusionTransformer.from_dataset(
        training,
        learning_rate=LEARNING_RATE,
        lstm_layers=2,
        hidden_size=16,
        attention_head_size=2,
        dropout=0.2,
        hidden_continuous_size=8,
        output_size=1,  # 7 quantiles by default
        loss=SMAPE(),
        log_interval=10,  # uncomment for learning rate finder and otherwise, e.g. to 10 for logging every 10 batches
        reduce_on_plateau_patience=4
    )

    tft.to(DEVICE)
    trainer.fit(
        tft,
        train_dataloaders=train_dataloader,
        val_dataloaders=val_dataloader,
    )
    #torch.cuda.empty_cache()
    #print(f"Number of parameters in network: {tft.size()/1e3:.1f}k")

    if OPTUNA:
        from pytorch_forecasting.models.temporal_fusion_transformer.tuning import optimize_hyperparameters

        # create study
        study = optimize_hyperparameters(
            train_dataloader,
            val_dataloader,
            model_path="optuna_test",
            n_trials=5,
            max_epochs=MAX_EPOCHS,
            gradient_clip_val_range=(0.01, 0.5),
            hidden_size_range=(8, 64),
            hidden_continuous_size_range=(8, 24),
            attention_head_size_range=(1, 4),
            learning_rate_range=(0.001, 0.1),
            dropout_range=(0.1, 0.3),
            trainer_kwargs=dict(limit_train_batches=30),
            reduce_on_plateau_patience=4,
            pruner=optuna.pruners.MedianPruner(n_min_trials=3, n_warmup_steps=3),
            use_learning_rate_finder=False,  # use Optuna to find ideal learning rate or use in-built learning rate finder
        )
    #torch.cuda.empty_cache()
    #'''
    trainer = pl.Trainer(
        max_epochs=MAX_EPOCHS,
        accelerator=ACCELERATOR,
        enable_model_summary=False,
        gradient_clip_val=study.best_params['gradient_clip_val'],
        limit_train_batches=20,  # coment in for training, running valiation every 30 batches
        #fast_dev_run=True,  # comment in to check that networkor dataset has no serious bugs
        callbacks=[lr_logger, early_stop_callback],
        logger=logger,
        precision="bf16-mixed",
    )
    
    tft = TemporalFusionTransformer.from_dataset(
        training,
        learning_rate=study.best_params['learning_rate'],
        lstm_layers=2,
        hidden_size=study.best_params['hidden_size'],
        attention_head_size=study.best_params['attention_head_size'],
        dropout=study.best_params['dropout'],
        hidden_continuous_size=study.best_params['hidden_continuous_size'],
        output_size=1,  # 7 quantiles by default
        loss=SMAPE(),
        log_interval=10,  # uncomment for learning rate finder and otherwise, e.g. to 10 for logging every 10 batches
        reduce_on_plateau_patience=4
    )

    tft.to(DEVICE)
    trainer.fit(
        tft,
        train_dataloaders=train_dataloader,
        val_dataloaders=val_dataloader,
    )
    #'''    
    #torch.cuda.empty_cache()
    best_model_path = trainer.checkpoint_callback.best_model_path
    best_tft = TemporalFusionTransformer.load_from_checkpoint(best_model_path)
    actuals = torch.cat([y[0] for x, y in iter(val_dataloader)])
    predictions = best_tft.predict(val_dataloader, mode="prediction")
    raw_predictions = best_tft.predict(val_dataloader, mode="raw", return_x=True)

    sm = SMAPE()
    print(f"Validation median SMAPE loss: {sm.loss(actuals, predictions).mean(axis = 1).median().item()}")
    prax[5] = sm.loss(actuals, predictions).mean(axis = 1).median().item()
    #best_tft.plot_prediction(raw_predictions.x, raw_predictions.output, idx=0, add_loss_to_title=True);

    print(raw_predictions[0][0])
    prax[3] = '-'
    prax[4] = raw_predictions[0][0].data.cpu().tolist()[0][0]
    t = prax[4]
    tm = data['Close'][len(data)-1]
    if(t-tm>0):
        prax[6] = 1 
    elif(t-tm==0):
        prax[6] = 0
    else:
        prax[6] = -1
    #prax[i][3] = raw_predictions[0][0].data[1]
    print("-----------")

    #with open("out.csv", "w", newline="") as f:
    #  writer = csv.writer(f)
    #  writer.writerows(prax)

# %%
def generate_csv(data_list):
    filename = f"result.csv"
    file_exists = os.path.isfile(filename)
    with open(filename, mode='a', newline='') as csv_file:
        fieldnames = ['Ticker', 'Prev_Close_Real', 'Model', 'Prev_Close_Model', 'Close_Model', 'Max_Err', 'Up_Down' ] # replace with your own column names
        writer = csv.writer(csv_file, delimiter=',')
        if not file_exists:
            writer.writerow(fieldnames)  # file doesn't exist yet, write a header
        writer.writerow(data_list)
    csv_file.close()

def fileOutput():
    today = date.today().strftime("%Y_%m_%d")
    filename = f"result.csv"
    shutil.copyfile(filename, f"result_{today}.csv")
    return f"result_{today}.csv"

def guess_date(string):
    for fmt in ["%Y/%m/%d", "%d-%m-%Y", "%Y%m%d", "%m/%d/%Y", "%d/%m/%Y", "%Y-%m-%d", "%d/%m/%y", "%m/%d/%y"]:
        try:
            return datetime.datetime.strptime(string, fmt).date()
        except ValueError:
            continue
    raise ValueError(string)

# %%
# Main function
def main(files):
    # Get a list of all the CSV files uploaded
    prax = [0,0,0,0,0,0,0]
    for idx, file in enumerate(files):
        print(f"File #{idx+1}: {file}")
        print(file.name)
        df = pd.read_csv(file.name)
        print(df['Ticker'][0])
        prax[0] = df['Ticker'][0]
        prax[1] = df['Close'][len(df)-1]
        print('------------------')
        # df = df.drop(['Volume'], axis=1)
        #df['Date/Time'] = pd.to_datetime(df['Date/Time'])
        for i in range(len(df)):
            x = guess_date(df['Date/Time'][i])
            df['Date/Time'][i] = x.strftime("%Y-%m-%d")
        df['Date/Time'] = pd.to_datetime(df['Date/Time'])
        df.fillna(0, inplace=True)
        #df.to_csv('out.csv')
        modelTFT(df, prax)
        prax[2] = "TFT"
        generate_csv(prax)
        modelTFT_OpenGap(df, prax)
        prax[2] = "TFT_OpenGap"
        generate_csv(prax)
        df.set_index('Date/Time', inplace=True)
        modelCNNLSTM(df, prax)
        prax[2] = "CNNLSTM"
        generate_csv(prax)
        #modelCNNLSTM_OpenGap(df, prax)
        #prax[2] = "CNNLSTM_OpenGap"
        #print("Saving to CSV...Standby...")
        #generate_csv(prax)
        # Generate blank line
        prax=["","","","","","",""]
        generate_csv(prax)
        # Reset prax
        prax = [0,0,0,0,0,0,0]

    if os.path.exists("lightning_logs"):
        shutil.rmtree("lightning_logs")
    # Delete "optuna_test" directory
    if os.path.exists("optuna_test"):
        shutil.rmtree("optuna_test") 
    f1 = fileOutput()
    return f1

gradioApp = gr.Interface(fn=main, inputs=gr.File(file_count="multiple", file_type=".csv"), outputs="file", examples=[[[os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__),"demo/sample.csv")]]])


if __name__ == "__main__":
    # Calling main function
    gradioApp.launch()