+As you can see that we no longer using any container div (e.g.
+div id="page") since the
+body itself can act as the container and now it starts with the new
+header tag instead of the
+div id="header", the header also contains
+role="banner", it is not html5 specific instead it is called ARIA landmark role. Inside the header, rather than using
+p tag for the site title we are using the standard
+h1 and using the existing text replacing technique to replace it with the site banner. Next, for the top right navigation we are using the new
+nav element, but we are not using the ARIA
+role="navigation" as the
+nav itself stands for the navigation. The rest of the two element are pretty simple for the main content we are using the plain old div with an ARIA
+role="main" and the for the copyright we are using the new
+footer element of html5.
+Next, for the products, the WebMatrix template is using
+div for the featured product and
+ul for the rest of the product listing. But in our case we are going to use another new element
+section. Initially, there was a misconception to replace div with section which was wrong, if it is only styling or DOM scripting purpose then you should stick with the
+div, but if want to group some thematically related content which are also self contained and independent part, you can use the
+section and in our case it is the product.
+Now lets see the new markup:
+
Welcome to Fourth Coffee! $1.49
Fresh baked French-style bread
A scrumptious mini-carrot cake encrusted with sliced almonds $8.99 Order Now
+As you can see that other than using
+section we are also using the new
+figure and we are putting the product description in the
+figcaption also check that each section has its own
+header like the main document. Now if are wondering what are the css style that are responsible for the styling, here you go:
+article, aside, header, figcaption, figure, footer, nav, section { display: block; } .thumbnail { background-color: #edece8; border: 1px #e6e3d8 solid; height: 200px; margin: 0 0 7px 0; padding: 6px; width: 200px; } .order-button { background-color: #a52f09; border: 1px solid #712107; color: #fdfcf7 !important; float: right; padding: 2px 7px; /*CSS3 properties*/ ; } header[role="banner"] { height: 80px; } header[role="banner"] > h1 > a { background: transparent url(../images/brand.png) no-repeat; float: left; height: 50px; margin: 15px; padding: 0; text-indent: -9999px; width: 340px; } header[role="banner"] > nav { float: right; font-size: 1.4em; list-style: none; } header[role="banner"] > nav ul { margin-top: 50px; list-style: none outside none; } header[role="banner"] > nav li { float: left; margin-left: 30px; } div[role="main"] { border-top: 1px dotted #5d5a53; clear: both; margin-bottom: 20px; padding-top: 20px; overflow: hidden; } #featured { background-color: #fdfcf7; border: 4px solid #e6e3d8; height: 300px; margin: 20px auto; width: 920px; /*CSS3 properties*/ -moz-border-radius: 6px; -webkit-border-radius: 6px; border-radius: 6px; -webkit-box-shadow: 0px 2px 5px #888; -moz-box-shadow: 0px 2px 5px #888; box-shadow: 0px 2px 5px #888; } #featured > figure { float: left; /*CSS3 properties*/ -moz-border-radius: 3px 0px 0px 3px; -webkit-border-radius: 3px 0px 0px 3px; border-radius: 3px 0px 0px 3px; } #featured > div { float: right; height: 100%; padding: 0 10px; position: relative; width: 230px; } #featured > div h2 { font-size: 2.5em; font-weight: normal; margin: 5px 0; } #featured > div header + div p { font-size: 1.75em; margin: 5px 0; } #featured > div header + div p + p { font-size: 1.2em; margin: 0; } #featured > div header + div + div { position: absolute; left: 5px; right: 5px; bottom: 10px; width: 230px; } #featured > div header + div + div a.order-button { font-size: 2em; padding: 5px 0; text-align: center; width: 220px; } .product { float: left; margin: 10px 12px; width: 215px; } .product h2 { font-size: 1.75em; font-weight: normal; margin: 0 0 5px 0; padding: 0; } .product > figure { height: 250px; } .product > p { margin-top: 2em; } .product > p > span { float: left; font-size: 1.5em; }
+One of the thing that I find incorrect in the WebMatrix template Css3 styling is the ordering, rather than calling it incorrect let me call it as backward looking rather than forward looking, for example when declaring the styles they decide to put the standard declaration first then the browser extension, but the correct order should be the browser extension first then the standard declaration:
+Backward looking:
+border-radius: 4px; -moz-border-radius: 4px; -webkit-border-radius: 4px; box-shadow: 1px 2px 5px #b4b4b4; -webkit-box-shadow: 1px 2px 4px rgba(136,136,136, 0.6); -moz-box-shadow: 1px 2px 5px #b4b4b4;
+Forward looking:
+;
+Now, lets see the other two pages, first the order page which show an order form, but the form does not have any html5 input types and attributes. The following shows the WebMatrix template version:
+
+and here is the revised html5 version:
+
+As you can see that our revised version has some new input types like
+< and
+
and attributes like
+placeholder,
+required,
+autofocus etc etc, but currently only few browsers has the support to take advantages of it, for example if I run it in Opera latest and click the place order with some invalid data it will show the following screen:
+As you can see Opera does have the built-in support to validate the form, also it is showing the quantity input in an range input rather than plain textbox. I think the iPhone Safari also takes the advantages of html5 form. Though not all the browser has the support of these new values but the good news is it will automatically fallback to the plain old
+input type="text" even if these new values are used. Maybe in future I will show you how can use some intelligent scripting to trigger these client side features depending upon the browser it is running. One last thing I want to highlight in this form is that to show the total amount we are also using the new
+output element and to associate with the other elements that are involves in the calculation we are using the
+for attribute with comma separated values.
+At the top of Order and Successful page some kind of wizard like interface is shown which indicates the current steps, I think the best way to code it if we use the new
+progress element. I this case, we will just wrap the
+ol with the
+progress. For example:
+Order:
+
1 Choose Item2 Details & Submit3 Receipt
+Successful:
+
1 Choose Item2 Details & Submit3 Receipt
+The last page in the site is the About Us page which basically contains the history of the company and in the side bar a Twitter widgets that shows the result with bakery hash tag. The company history is the prime candidate for the html5 new
+article element and side bar as
+aside as it is showing related content with bakery, so the markup becomes:
+
A little bit about Fourth Coffee >
+That’s it for today. As you can see that writing meaningful and clean markup is not only a fun but also an art. In my next post, I will discuss about the Microsoft Webpage that are bundled in the WebMatrix and alternate frameworks that are available in the other platforms, so stay tuned.
+- We are sorry, but NCBI web applications do not support your browser and may not function properly. More information
+- Journal List
+- NPG Open Access
+- PMC3392894
+Effects of higher- versus lower-protein diets on health outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis
+Abstract −0.36, 95% confidence interval (CI) −0.56 to −0.17), body mass index (−0.37, CI −0.56 to 0.19), waist circumference (−0.43, CI −0.69 to −0.16), blood pressure (systolic: −0.21, CI −0.32 to −0.09 and diastolic: −0.18, CI −0.29 to −0.06), high-density lipoproteins (HDL 0.25, CI 0.07 to 0.44), fasting insulin (−0.20, CI −0.39 to −0.01) and triglycerides (−0.51, CI −0.78 to −0.
+Introduction
+International dietary guidelines recommend healthy diets with higher energy intake from carbohydrates, a lower energy intake from fat and a still lower energy intake from protein.1, 2, 3 However, there has been an enduring interest in the ideal balance of these energy sources to achieve better health,4 including the ideal proportion of proteins in the diet. In fact, there is a wealth of literature that includes randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that have compared high-protein diets with low-protein diets and that were published in high-impact medical journals.5, 6 These studies have led to various and often contradictory conclusions about whether high-protein diets result in weight loss and other important health benefits and why.
+Before developing health care recommendations, it is necessary to systematically review the evidence to determine the best estimates of effect and the quality of that evidence.7 The most rigorous study design to measure these effects will come from well-conducted RCTs, which can minimise the biases in observational studies in particular in studies that are at risk for residual confounding by lifestyle factors.7 A number of narrative reviews with their known biases have been published.8 These narrative reviews generally conclude that there is some evidence that high-protein diets may have beneficial effects on adiposity and other metabolic parameters, and hypothesise that the effects may be due to increased thermogenesis and satiety.9, 10, 11 One review, focusing on body composition and weight loss, although systematic in its methods and including randomised controlled studies, drew similar conclusions, but by combining randomised and nonrandomised studies the protection against bias and confounding by randomisation was lost.12 Other reviews have focused on single outcomes related to protein.13, 14
+Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs to assess the benefits and harms of higher-protein compared with lower-protein diets in the general population. Our specific objectives were (1) to systematically assess the effect of protein intake on health and other risk factors for chronic disease in RCTs; and (2) to perform a meta-regression analysis of these trials to test for a possible dose–response relationship between protein intake and health indicators.
+Methods
+Protocol, search strategy and selection criteria
+Our methods generally follow the Cochrane Handbook for systematic reviews of intervention.15 We developed a systematic review protocol and searched Medline (1950 to July 2011), EMBASE (1980 to July 2011) and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials Register, CENTRAL (July 2011). The search strategies combined key subject terms and text words, and validated search filters15, 16 with no language restrictions (see Supplementary Information 1). We reviewed reference lists for additional studies. Two investigators independently screened all citations.
+Studies were eligible if participants were adults (>18 years) and if at least 80% of participants did not have medically indicated dietary restrictions (for example, patients with diabetes or chronic renal disease), or their results were reported separately. Our aim was to include studies that would provide evidence applicable to a general population consuming a diet of commonly found foods and for which equipoise about the intervention existed at the time the study was conducted. This criterion meant that studies of people with hyperlipidemia, hypertension or metabolic syndrome were included. We included studies that were designed for weight loss or not, or provided food to participants or not, as long as the diet was based on foods that a general population could incorporate into a diet. For this reason, studies using special meal replacements or supplements were not eligible. We included RCTs that compared higher- versus lower-protein diets using a 5% difference in total energy intake. We considered protein intake based on the mean reported amount of protein consumption within each diet group closest to the time of follow-up. The choice of 5% was conservative when compared with the targeted difference in protein intake in most large randomised trials that is 10% or more.17, 18, 19 We included studies with co-interventions (for example, exercise programmes) only if they were applied similarly to both the higher and lower protein groups so that they would not mask or emphasise the effects of protein. For trials with a crossover design, we considered only the period before the crossover to avoid any carry-over effects or the last follow-up if the authors demonstrated no significant carry-over effects in their analyses. In studies that compared two or more higher-protein diets with one lower-protein diet, we used a split-half approach to include data of the lower-protein diet and compared the lower-protein group to each higher-protein diet group separately. For studies in which there were two higher-protein diets and two lower-protein diets, we included two comparisons between diets of similar caloric content. Given assumptions that initial effects of weight loss diets may be due to drastic water or muscle loss, the intervention period had to be 28 days or more.
+Our a priori primary outcomes were direct patient-important outcomes, including death, cardiovascular diseases, cancer diagnosis, new onset diabetes, renal disease, starting dialysis, bone health/fractures, quality of life and adverse events. However, we expected little information for these primary outcomes and a priori determined to accept surrogate outcomes of the primary outcomes, including body mass index (BMI), weight, waist circumference, blood pressure, lipid levels (total cholesterol, high-density lipoproteins (HDL) and low-density lipoproteins (LDL)), C-reactive protein (CRP), serum HbA1c, fasting serum blood glucose, fasting serum insulin, triglycerides, serum creatinine and bone mineral density. One investigator extracted data from eligible studies and a second verified the information using a standardised, pilot tested form, and resolved disagreement by discussion. We contacted authors via email up to two times to request data. Event rates and continuous data were collected by available case analysis when provided by the author and at the last follow-up time of a study.15
+Statistical analysis
+We used random effect models to conduct meta-analyses of dichotomous outcomes, and mean differences (MD) or standardised mean differences (SMDs) of change scores for continuous outcomes using Review Manager 5.0. We interpreted an SMD <0.40 as a small effect size, 0.40–0.70 as moderate and >0.70 as large.15 Given these established ranges of effect sizes, effect sizes (and their confidence intervals (CIs)) ≤0.2 were interpreted as no difference if they were not statistically significant. To aid interpretation of SMDs, we translated them back to their original units by multiplying the pooled SMD with the pooled s.d. of the control group differences measured at 3 months.15
+We conducted a priori subgroup analyses to determine whether or not the effect of higher-protein diets varied by caloric intake (for example, comparisons between diets that were hypocaloric, isocaloric or unlimited caloric intake). The subgroups consisted of studies comparing diets in which the higher-protein compared with the lower-protein diet yielded ≥100 kilocalories (kcal) more energy,
+100
+kcal less or was within 100
+kcal of the lower-protein diet. A difference of ~0.45
+kg (1 pound) in weight loss per month between higher- and lower-protein diets has been described in studies that we found during scoping exercises.11 We calculated that a 3500-kcal reduction in energy intake causes an ~0.45
+kg weight loss that, in turn, translates to a difference of ~100
+kcal in energy intake per day over 1 month. We performed post-hoc subgroup analyses by the percentage of protein intake in higher-protein diets to explore whether diets with a higher versus lower percentage protein intake resulted in different outcomes (that is, percentage protein intake >30% versus, 20–30%, versus <20%). We assessed heterogeneity of the results using the χ2 test and I2, and further explored the heterogeneity if I2 was >50%.15 We performed sensitivity analyses by excluding studies with 20% or greater loss of follow-up and dropouts, and created funnel plots for meta-analyses to assess publication bias. We planned to do a subgroup analysis by type of protein (animal versus plant sources), but too few studies reported the protein source preventing us from conducting these analyses.
+We performed a multivariable meta-regression analysis to examine the dose–response relation between protein intake and the mean change in outcomes, weighted by the inverse of the variance and adjusted for important covariates. Two a priori models were constructed: (1) amount of protein intake as the main variable and duration of diet intervention, difference in total energy intake between the intervention and control diet, and baseline BMI (base model) as covariates and (2) the primary model with age, sex and difference in percentage of energy intake from carbohydrates between the intervention and control diet added to the model (full adjusted model). We used a random effects meta-regression model using Proc Mixed, SAS version 9.1, according to Morris.20
+Secondary analysis
+While we determined a priori to focus on change values because scoping of the literature indicated that many of the possibly eligible studies were small, many studies did not report change values. We, therefore, conducted a secondary analysis on the end of study values. Similar to the primary analysis, we used a random effects model in the meta-analyses and calculated SMDs by pooling results using data from the last follow-up reported in a study.
+Quality of the body of evidence (confidence in the estimates of effect)
+We assessed the quality of evidence (that is, the confidence in the estimates of effect) by outcome according to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach ().7 The quality of evidence for each outcome is graded in four categories from high to very low (see Table 2 for detailed description of the categories).
+Results
+Trial flow
+The search identified 9658 unique citations for screening. We identified 111 articles describing 74 eligible studies (Figure 1). We contacted authors of 19 articles and received responses from 15. The table of included studies and references to all articles are provided in Supplementary Information 2, and the table of excluded studies and reasons for exclusion are provided in Supplementary Information 3.
+Study characteristics
+Participants were either healthy, overweight, obese, hypertensive or had elevated lipid levels. The median age was 45 years, median BMI was 33 (range: 22–43) and studies included more women than men (64% versus 36%). The median protein content of the higher-protein diets was 27% of the total energy intake (range: 16–45%) and 18% (range: 5–23%) in the lower-protein diets. The MD across studies of the total energy intake from protein was 10%. Only 11 studies (15%) reported the amount of protein as vegetable or meat protein. Most studies were performed in North America. Few studies (34%) measured adverse events. The majority of studies (80%) measured outcomes at <6 months (Table 1 and Supplementary Information 2 for more details).
+Quality of the body of evidence
+Less than 10% of the studies reported adequate randomisation and/or allocation concealment. Almost 40% of the studies had greater than 20% loss to follow-up or dropout rates. We did not detect publication bias in the meta-analyses. The summary of findings table describes the quality of the body of evidence for each outcome (Table 2).
+Health outcomes
+Figure 2 summarises the results of the meta-analyses for all measured outcomes as pooled effect sizes or SMDs. The results of the meta-analyses for each outcome are provided in Supplementary Information 4. No included study measured the incidence of death, cancer, diabetes, heart attack, stroke, dialysis and other renal disease, or fractures.
+Weight loss and adiposity
+A total of 38 studies provided data for the meta-analysis for weight change (2326 participants), 16 for BMI (887 participants) and 15 for waist circumference (1214 participants). The pooled standardised effect sizes for changes in weight loss (−0.36, CI −0.56 to −0.17, P=0.0002), BMI (−0.37, CI −0.56 to −0.19, P<0.0001) and waist circumference (−0.43, CI −0.69 to −0.16, P=0.00001) were statistically significant and represented small to moderate effects. However, there was inconsistency (heterogeneity) across trials for weight loss (I2=77%, P<0.00001) and waist circumference (I2=75%, P<0.0001). Exploration of whether effects on adiposity varied depending on energy content showed no significant effects (interaction terms: weight loss P=0.31; BMI P=0.21; waist circumference P=0.53). In the meta-regression, other covariates did not influence waist circumference. However, a higher BMI at the start of a study (in both models), and a more similar energy intake between diets (in the base model only) was associated with greater weight loss in people following the higher-protein diet. In contrast, the magnitude of the reduction in BMI was not associated with greater differences in protein content (in the full model only). In the sensitivity analyses excluding studies with more than 20% loss to follow-up and dropouts, effect sizes were similar for weight loss and BMI, and smaller for waist circumference (−0.2, CI −0.34 to −0.07, P=0.003).
+Translated to an effect at 3 months, the meta-analysis shows a greater weight loss of 1.21
+kg (CI −1.88 to −0.57), a greater decrease in BMI (−0.51
+kg/m2, CI −0.77 to −0.26) and a greater loss in waist circumference (−1.66
+cm, CI −2.66 to −0.62) in higher compared with lower-protein diets (moderate-quality evidence for all outcomes).
+Blood pressure
+Meta-analysis of 15 studies (1186 participants) showed a small statistically significant decrease in systolic blood pressure (SMD −0.21, CI −0.32 to −0.09, P=0.0004) and diastolic blood pressure (SMD −0.18, CI −0.29 to 0.06, P=0.003). The effect's estimates were similar in the sensitivity analyses using only studies with <20% loss to follow-up/dropout. There was no interaction between diet type with different caloric content for systolic (P=0.17) or diastolic blood pressure (P=0.42), nor any association of covariates in the meta-regression analyses. Of note, however, was a significant change with higher-protein diets at 20–30% energy intake, but not with 30% or more. Translated to an effect at 3 months, the meta-analysis showed a greater mean decrease of 3.2
+mm
+Hg (CI −4.80 to −1.35) in systolic blood pressure and 1.75
+mm
+Hg (CI −2.81 to −0.58) in diastolic blood pressure with higher- compared with lower-protein diets (moderate-quality evidence).
+Lipid levels
+The 21 studies (1368 participants) that reported total cholesterol showed no difference and similar nonsignificant changes in studies with <20% follow-up. Subgroup analysis showed no significant differences by caloric content of diet (interaction term P=0.31). About 23 studies (~1550 participants) were included in the analyses for HDL and LDL cholesterol. HDL cholesterol was significantly increased with higher-protein diets (SMD 0.25, CI 0.07–0.44, P=0.007). However, we observed heterogeneity (I2=65%, P<0.00001), and the change in HDL was no longer significant in the sensitivity analysis restricted to studies with <20% loss to follow-up/dropout. Subgroup analysis showed no significant difference with diets of different caloric content (P=0.38) or protein. In addition, the meta-regression (full model) across studies showed an inverse association between greater differences in protein content of the diets and improvements in HDL, and the lower carbohydrate content of the higher-protein diet was associated with a higher HDL. There was no difference in LDL cholesterol in the meta-analysis (SMD 0.00, CI −0.17 to 0.16, P=0.97), with similar results for studies with <20% loss to follow-up, and nonsignificant differences by caloric content (P=0.68). However, it was positively associated with duration of the diet in the meta-regression. At 3 months, the effect sizes translate to no difference in total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol with higher-protein diets. However, we observed a significantly greater increase in HDL cholesterol of 0.04
+mmol/l (CI 0.01–0.08) with higher- compared with lower-protein diets (moderate-quality evidence for all outcomes).
+C-reactive protein
+The pooled effect size of five studies (398 participants) showed no significant difference in CRP (0.01, CI −0.23 to 0.25, P=0.95). At 3 months, this effect would translate into a nonsignificant increase of 0.02
+mg/l (CI −0.05 to 0.54) (low-quality evidence). Subgroup analysis showed nonsignificant differences with caloric content between higher- and lower-protein diets (P=0.61 for the interaction term), and there were no associations with covariates in the meta-regression.
+HbA1c
+Three studies (87 participants) measured the change in HbA1c at 2–6 months but the data could be pooled. Another study reported nonsignificant differences in reduction in HbA1c.21 In the studies that could be meta-analysed, as shown in Figure 3, we observed no difference in HbA1c levels between higher- or lower-protein diets (MD 0.00, CI −0.19 to 0.19, P=0.96) (low-quality evidence).
+Fasting blood glucose
+Pooled analysis of 15 studies (1089 participants) showed no difference in fasting blood glucose (SMD −0.05, CI −0.20 to 0.10, P=0.49) (moderate-quality evidence). When comparing the results across studies with diets of different caloric content, we detected no difference (P=0.47 for the interaction term). Meta-regression also showed no association of the effect with covariates.
+Triglycerides
+The 24 studies (1623 participants) included in the meta-analysis demonstrated a moderate statistically significant decrease in triglycerides (SMD −0.51, CI −0.78 to −0.24, P=0.0002) but heterogeneity was high (I2=85%, P<0.00001), and there was no interaction with higher-protein diets of different caloric content (P=0.60) or associations with covariates in the meta-regression. A smaller effect was seen in studies with <20% follow-up (SMD −0.34, CI −0.46 to −0.21). Based on the SMD from the meta-analysis, there was a greater reduction in triglycerides (−0.24
+mmol/l, CI −0.37 to −0.11) at 3 months with higher- compared with lower-protein diets (moderate-quality evidence).
+Fasting blood insulin
+Pooled analysis of 10 studies (718 participants) showed a small significant effect (SMD −0.20, CI −0.37 to −0.03, P=0.02). However, in the meta-analysis of studies with <20% follow-up the effect was nonsignificant. There was no significant interaction with energy intake. Meta-regression of the eight studies, however, showed no association of differences in the covariates with fasting blood insulin. The overall pooled SMD translates into a 7
+pmol/l decrease (CI −14 to 0) after 3 months of consuming a higher-protein diet with restricted calories (low-quality evidence).
+Bone health
+No study measured the incidence of fractures. Changes in bone mineral density were measured in five studies at 2–6 months.22, 23, 24, 25 There was no difference in total body bone mean difference (MD 0.00, CI −0.02 to 0.03, P=0.82) in three pooled studies, a statistically nonsignificant difference reported in two studies,22, 23 and a statistically nonsignificant increase at the lumbar spine (MD 0.60, CI −0.34 to 1.54, P=0.21) in two pooled studies.24, 25 However, we observed heterogeneity (I2=67%, P=0.05). Change in bone mineral density at the hip was measured in one study enrolling 130 participants25 and the MD was nonsignificant (MD 0.61, CI −0.13 to 1.34, P=0.11). The quality of the evidence for these outcomes was low.
+Kidney health
+Serum creatinine levels from 1 to 12 months were measured in six studies. Data from two studies at 3 months could be pooled26, 27 and showed a significant increase between diets (MD 6.14
+μmol/l, CI 2.49–9.79, P=0.001) (very low-quality evidence). The other four studies reported nonsignificant changes in both diet groups.5, 28, 29
+Quality of life and well-being
+Quality of life was measured in one study and showed a nonsignificant decrease.6 Mood was pooled in two studies 31, 32 and showed large effects, which meant worse mood with higher-protein diets (SMD 0.82, CI 0.33–1.31, P=0.001). But pleasure was not significantly different between diets.33 Satiety (feeling full after meals) and satisfaction with the diet were measured in nine studies after 1–6 months, of which seven could be pooled. There was a small increase in satiety with higher-protein diets (SMD 0.39, CI 0.09–0.69, P=0.03). The quality of evidence for these outcomes is low.
+Adverse events
+A total of 22 studies measured and reported adverse events. Five studies analysed composites of adverse events and found no difference between the diets. Gastrointestinal effects were specifically reported in four studies but could not be pooled because relevant data were not available. Appel18 reported a significant increase in bloating or fullness with higher-protein diets (risk ratio 2.11, CI 0.98–4.53, P=0.05), a nonsignificant increase in dry mouth (risk ratio 2.00, CI 0.70–5.72, P=0.20), and poor appetite (risk ratio 2.83, CI 1.15–7.01, P=0.02). However, Due34 and Leidy33 found no significant differences between diets in appetite or desire to eat. Yancy5 reported significantly more gastrointestinal problems with higher-protein diets: constipation (68% versus 35% P<0.001), halitosis (38% versus 8% P<0.001) and diarrhoea (23% versus 7% P=0.02). Fatigue did not differ between groups.18 General weakness (25% versus 8% P=0.01), headache (60% versus 40% P=0.03), muscle cramps (35% versus 7% P=0.001) and rash (13% versus 0% P=0.006) were all significantly increased with higher-protein diets.5 The quality of evidence for these outcomes is low.
+Dose response and overall effects of covariates
+In the multivariable analysis (see Supplementary Information 5), the base and full models that adjusted for duration of diet intervention, differences in energy intakes, as well as carbohydrate intakes between intervention and control group, baseline BMI and age, and percentage of males in the studies showed no significant dose response with higher protein intake on outcomes. The beneficial effect of higher protein intake on BMI and HDL cholesterol was significantly greater when the difference in protein content between intervention and control diets was smaller. These effects were found when variation in carbohydrate intake (and consequently fat content), age and sex were taken into account in the fully adjusted model.
+Secondary analysis of end of study values
+The results of the secondary analysis of end of study scores for all health outcomes are displayed in Figure 4 and Supplementary Information 6. Generally the results are consistent with those adjusted for the baseline values (our primary analysis). The small to moderate positive effects on HDL and triglycerides were consistent with the effects found in the primary analysis. However, in this analysis, higher-protein diets had smaller or no effect on adiposity and blood pressure.
+Discussion
+In this systematic review of 74 RCTs, the first of on this topic, we compared higher- with lower-protein diets. While no study assessed effects on direct patient-important outcomes, moderate-quality evidence suggests that higher-protein diets probably lead to greater weight loss, and loss in BMI and waist circumference than lower-protein diets. After 3 months, the observed effects translate into a 1.21-kg greater weight loss, a greater reduction in BMI by 0.51 units and a 1.66-cm greater reduction in waist circumference. However, we cannot rule out that the effect of higher-protein diets on weight loss could have been modified by BMI at the start of the diet (that is, the greater the BMI the greater the weight loss seen with high-protein diets). Across studies, we did not observe that greater differences in protein intake were associated with better adiposity outcomes. In fact, we observed that the beneficial effect of higher protein intake on BMI and HDL cholesterol in the intervention diets appear larger with smaller increases in protein content.
+We found moderate-quality evidence that higher-protein diets had nonsignificant effects or no effect on surrogate cardiovascular disease outcomes: blood pressure, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and CRP. However, we observed a small positive effect on HDL cholesterol. We also observed moderate reductions in triglycerides with higher-protein diets although this effect was smaller when studies at lower risk of bias were analysed separately (that is, studies with <20% loss to follow-up). These results do corroborate results of studies suggesting that higher-protein diets may result in better lipid profiles although these effects are likely to be small.35 The results of the meta-regression also suggest that the lower carbohydrate content of the high-protein diet contributes to this positive change, although greater differences in protein intake were not positively associated with better HDL profiles.
+Low to moderate-quality evidence suggests effects of higher-protein diets on outcomes related to diabetes: HbA1c and fasting blood glucose. We did find small reductions in fasting blood insulin with higher-protein diets but this effect was no longer significant in studies with <20% loss to follow-up. We found very limited and low-quality evidence (due to a high likelihood of selective outcome-reporting bias) for more adverse gastrointestinal events with higher- compared with lower-protein diets.
+Limitations and strengths
+The limitations of this systematic review relate to the available research evidence. We conducted this research to identify RCTs that measured patient-important outcomes, such as incidences of stroke, heart attacks and diabetes. However, no study focused on these outcomes and, therefore, the evidence we describe here is based on pre-defined surrogate outcomes, such as adiposity measures, lipid and other blood parameters. Although some of these may be valid surrogates for future disease (for example, blood pressure, HDL and LDL cholesterol, and waist circumference) and some are of direct importance to patients (for example, weight loss), the value of other outcomes is unclear (for example, fasting blood insulin). We made every attempt to reduce the risk of ‘double counting' participants in the analyses by carefully evaluating studies that were reported in multiple articles (often without reference to the original study).
+The strengths of this review include the systematic approach to a topic that has been characterised by unsystematic methods to find, report, synthesise and interpret studies. In fact, our study is the most comprehensive of this topic that has seen many high-profile publications in key medical journals. In addition, this review is the first to use meta-analyses of RCTs to determine the effects of higher- versus lower-protein diets on health outcomes. We used standard systematic review methodology to perform this review and assess the risk of bias in studies and grade the quality of the body of evidence. Furthermore, in this review we synthesised a vast number of studies that included diets with an actually higher protein content rather than studies in which the interventions were labelled as high protein. Thus, we took a mechanistic approach to determine the health effects of actually consuming a diet higher in protein rather than evaluating the health effects in a population that intended to consume a diet higher in protein. In this way, we attempted to overcome the confounding effects of adherence, providing information about whether or not higher-protein diets should be recommended. Pooling the data of many RCTs provided sufficient power to draw conclusions about many of the outcomes. However, pooling the data also meant that studies that differed in other ways were analysed together (for example, hypocaloric and ad libitum diets). For this reason, we performed subgroup analyses and multivariate meta-regressions to explore heterogeneity and the potential for effect modification. We found no consistent subgroup differences or effect modifiers, including a lack of impact by the amount of protein intake (for example, the higher the protein intake the better the outcome), by energy or carbohydrate content, by BMI at the start of the diet, by age, by sex or by duration of the study. While our primary analyses focused on a comparison of change values, that is, the difference between the changes from baseline to the end of study values, our secondary analyses of post-intervention values generally confirmed these results although the changes were generally smaller and less likely to be statistically significant.
+Implications
+In this systematic review, we observed effects on weight loss and BMI, which contradict the findings by Krieger et al.12 who observed no effect of higher protein intake on body mass but on reducing fat-free mass. That review, however, included single arms from observational studies, as well as from RCTs, which even after adjustment for covariates may not have accounted for other known or unknown confounding factors leading to potentially misleading results. However, the associations we observed were not accompanied by a clear effect on all other outcomes. Additionally, our findings suggest that protein diets emphasising modest instead of large increases in protein content are more likely to have favourable effects on risk factors (for example, BMI and HDL), and thus a moderate amount of protein intake may be of greater benefit. More research is needed about the effects of high-protein diets on long-term patient-important outcomes such as cardiovascular outcomes, adiposity outcomes and the effects on quality of life after dietary changes. Further work is also needed to determine if the type of protein (for example, animal versus vegetable) could result in different effects. Greater rigour with respect to allocation concealment and sequence generation, blinding of assessors and avoiding loss to follow-up would decrease the risks to bias in these lifestyle intervention studies.
+In practice, higher-protein diets may have little effect on intermediate cardiovascular outcomes, such as blood pressure and glucose levels. High-protein diets probably result in small improvements in weight loss and other measures of adiposity and selected lipid parameters. However, the importance of a slightly greater weight loss, loss in waist size or drop in triglycerides would need to be balanced against any potential harms that could occur.
+Acknowledgments
+This review was funded by Barilla, SpA, Parma, Italy. The funding organisation was not involved in the analysis of the study and the final decision to submit for publication; but one author was an employee of the sponsor and she was involved in the review and interpretation of the data in the manuscript. However, the final decision about interpretation rested with the first and corresponding author.
+NS, EAA and HJS designed the review, conducted the literature search, screened, analysed and interpreted the data, and wrote the manuscript. RM screened and abstracted the data. AM and DH-A were involved in the analysis and draft of the manuscript. MB helped with the critical revision of the manuscript. HJS had overall supervision of the review and conceived the review.
+Notes
+NS and HJS received grant support from Barilla, SpA to conduct the review. MB was an employee of Barilla, SpA. All other authors responded 'no‘ to all questions on the disclosure form of the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors.
+Footnotes
+Supplementary Information accompanies the paper on European Journal of Clinical Nutrition website ()
+Supplementary Material
+Supplementary Information
+References
+- United States Department of Agriculture ChooseMyPlate.gov. . ( accessed 9 April 2012).
+- Health Canada Canada's Food Guide. . ( accessed 9 April 2012).
+- UK Department of Health in association with the Welsh Government, the Scottish Government and the Food Standards Agency in Northern Ireland Eatwellplate. . ( accessed 9 April 2012).
+- Astrup A, Meinert Larsen T, Harper A. Atkins and other low-carbohydrate diets: hoax or an effective tool for weight loss. Lancet. 2004;364:897–899. [PubMed]
+- Yancy WS, Olsen MK, Guyton JR, Bakst RP, Westman EC, Yancy William S, et al. A low-carbohydrate, ketogenic diet versus a low-fat diet to treat obesity and hyperlipidemia: a randomised, controlled trial. Ann Intern Med. 2004;140:769–777. [PubMed]
+- Sacks FM, Bray GA, Carey VJ, Smith SR, Ryan DH, Anton SD, et al. Comparison of weight-loss diets with different compositions of fat, protein, and carbohydrates. N Engl J Med. 2009;360:859–873. [PMC free article] [PubMed]
+- Guyatt GH, Oxman AD, Vist G, Kunz R, Falck-Ytter Y, Alonso-Coello P, for the GRADE Working Group et al. Rating quality of evidence and strength of recommendations GRADE: an emerging consensus on rating quality of evidence and strength of recommendations. BMJ. 2008;336:924–926. [PMC free article] [PubMed]
+- Antman EM, Lau J, Kupelnick B, Mosteller F, Chalmers TC. A comparison of results of meta-analyses of randomised control trials and recommendations of clinical experts. Treatments for myocardial infarction. JAMA. 1992;268:240–248. [PubMed]
+- Brehm BJ, D'Alessio DA. Benefits of high-protein weight loss diets: enough evidence for practice. Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes. 2008;15:416–421. [PubMed]
+- Halton TL, Hu FB. The effects of high protein diets on thermogenesis, satiety and weight loss: a critical review. J Am Coll Nutr. 2004;23:373–385. [PubMed]
+- Clifton PM, Keogh J. Metabolic effects of high-protein diets. Curr Atheroscler Rep. 2007;9:472–478. [PubMed]
+- Krieger JW, Sitren HS, Daniels MJ, Langkamp-Henken B. Effects of variation in protein and carbohydrate intake on body mass and composition during energy restriction: a meta-regression. Am J Clin Nutr. 2006;83:260–274. [PubMed]
+- Darling AL, Millward DJ, Torgerson DJ, Hewitt CE, Lanham-New SA. Dietary protein and bone health: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Clin Nutr. 2009;90:1674–1692. [PubMed]
+- torf-van der Kuil W, Engberink MF, Brink EJ, van Baak MA, Bakker SJ, Navis G, et al. Dietary protein and blood pressure: a systematic review. PloS One. 2010;5:e12102. [PMC free article] [PubMed]
+- Higgins JPT, Green S.(eds)Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 5.0.1 (updated September 2008) The Cochrane Collaboration; 2008. : ( (accessed 25 February 2010).
+- Wong SS, Wilczynski NL, Haynes RB. Developing optimal search strategies for detecting clinically sound treatment studies in EMBASE. J Med Libr Assoc. 2006;94:41–47. [PMC free article] [PubMed]
+- Larsen TM, Dalskov SM, van Baak M, Jebb SA, Papadaki A, Pfeiffer AF, Diet, Obesity, and Genes (Diogenes) Project et al. Diets with high or low protein content and glycemic index for weight-loss maintenance. N Engl J Med. 2010;363:2102–2113. [PMC free article] [PubMed]
+- Appel LJ, Sacks FM, Carey VJ, Obarzanek E, Swain JF, Miller ER, et al. Effects of protein, monounsaturated fat, and carbohydrate intake on blood pressure and serum lipids: results of the OmniHeart randomised trial. JAMA. 2005;294:2455–2464. [PubMed]
+- Brinkworth GD, Noakes M, Buckley JD, Keogh JB, Clifton PM. Long-term effects of a very-low-carbohydrate weight loss diet compared with an isocaloric low-fat diet after 12 months. Am J Clin Nutr. 2009;90:23–32. [PubMed]
+- Morris CN. Parametric empirical Bayes inference: theory and applications. J Am Stat Assoc. 1983;78:47–55.
+- Jenkins DJA, Wong JMW, Kendall CWC, Esfahani A, Ng VWY, Leong TCK, et al. The effect of a plant-based low-carbohydrate (‘eco-atkins') diet on body weight and blood lipid concentrations in hyperlipidemic subjects. Arch Intern Med. 2009;169:1046–1054. [PubMed]
+- Campbell WW, Tang M. Protein intake, weight loss, and bone mineral density in postmenopausal women. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2010;65:1115–1122. [PMC free article] [PubMed]
+- Josse AR, Atkinson SA, Tarnopolsky MA, Phillips SM. Diets higher in dairy foods and dietary protein support bone health during diet- and exercise-induced weight loss in overweight and obese premenopausal women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2012;97:251–260. [PubMed]
+- Skov AR, Haulrik N, Toubro S, Molgaard C, Astrup A. Effect of protein intake on bone mineralization during weight loss: a 6-month trial. Obes Res. 2002;10:432–438. [PubMed]
+- Thorpe MP, Jacobson EH, Layman DK, He X, Kris-Etherton PM, Evans EM, et al. A diet high in protein, dairy, and calcium attenuates bone loss over twelve months of weight loss and maintenance relative to a conventional high-carbohydrate diet in adults. J Nutr. 2008;138:1096–1100. [PubMed]
+- Greene PJ, Devecis J, Willett WC. Effects of low-fat vs ultra-low-carbohydrate weight-loss diets: A 12-week pilot feeding study. J Parent Enter Nutr. 2004;28:S13–S14.
+- Leidy HJ, Carnell NS, Mattes RD, Campbell WW. Higher protein intake preserves lean mass and satiety with weight loss in pre-obese and obese women. Obesity. 2007;15:421–429. [PubMed]
+- Brinkworth GD, Buckley JD, Noakes M, Clifton PM. Renal function following long-term weight loss in individuals with abdominal obesity on a very-low-carbohydrate diet vs high-carbohydrate diet. J Am Diet Assoc. 2010;110:633–638. [PubMed]
+- Ferrara LA, Innelli P, Palmieri V, Limauro S, De Luca G. Effects of different dietary protein intakes on body composition and vascular reactivity. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2006;60:643–649. [PubMed]
+- Jenkins DJ, Kendall CW, Vidgen E, Augustin LS, Parker T, Faulkner D, et al. Effect of high vegetable protein diets on urinary calcium loss in middle-aged men and women. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2003;57:376–382. [PubMed]
+- Brinkworth GD, Buckley JD, Noakes M, Clifton PM, Wilson CJ. Long-term effects of a very low-carbohydrate diet and a low-fat diet on mood and cognitive function. Arch Intern Med. 2009;169:1873–1880. [PubMed]
+- Schweiger U, Laessle R, Kittl S, Dickhaut B, Schweiger M, Pirke KM, et al. Macronutrient intake, plasma large neutral amino acids and mood during weight-reducing diets. J Neural Transm. 1986;67:77–86. [PubMed]
+- Leidy HJ, Mattes RD, Campbell WW, Leidy Heather J, Mattes Richard D, Campbell Wayne W. Effects of acute and chronic protein intake on metabolism, appetite, and ghrelin during weight loss. Obesity. 2007;15:1215–1225. [PubMed]
+-. [PubMed]
+Formats:
+- Article|
+- PubReader|
+- ePub (beta)|
+- PDF (463K)
+- Long-term effects of low-fat diets either low or high in protein on cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis.[Nutr J. 2013]Schwingshackl L, Hoffmann G. Nutr J. 2013 Apr 15; 12:48. Epub 2013 Apr 15.
+-
+- Effects of low-carbohydrate vs low-fat diets on weight loss and cardiovascular risk factors: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.[Arch Intern Med. 2006]Nordmann AJ, Nordmann A, Briel M, Keller U, Yancy WS Jr, Brehm BJ, Bucher HC. Arch Intern Med. 2006 Feb 13; 166(3):285-93.
+- Higher- versus lower-protein diets.[Eur J Clin Nutr. 2012]Schwingshackl L, Hoffmann G. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2012 Dec; 66(12):1372-3; author reply 1375. Epub 2012 Oct 24.
+- Systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials of the effects of low carbohydrate diets on cardiovascular risk factors.[Obes Rev. 2012]Santos FL, Esteves SS, da Costa Pereira A, Yancy WS Jr, Nunes JP. Obes Rev. 2012 Nov; 13(11):1048-66. Epub 2012 Aug 21.
+- Long-term effects of low-fat diets either low or high in protein on cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis[Nutrition Journal. ]Schwingshackl L, Hoffmann G. Nutrition Journal. 1248
+- Effects of higher- versus lower-protein diets on health outcomes: a systematic r...Effects of higher- versus lower-protein diets on health outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysisNPG Open Access. 2012 July; 66(7)780PMC
+Your browsing activity is empty.
+Activity recording is turned off.See more...
+The Grand Staircase: 8 Best Things to Do & See
+The 5 Best Small Class C and Class B Plus RV models for 2021
+Small motorhomes – including those marketed as a Class B Plus RV – are all the rage. Here is our list of the 5 Best Small Class C RVs for 2021.
+Getting out to see the latest and greatest RVs at RV shows is going to obviously be tricky for the foreseeable future, as we all wait for the COVID-19 pandemic to play out and, hopefully, soon come to an end.
+We’re working hard to help you with making a decision, and that’s why we decided to bring you the RV Lifestyle list of the seven Best Small Class C RVs for 2021.
+As we’ve noted in previous reports in which we evaluate RVs, seven models we have selected.
+Also, before we start, let me share this in full disclosure. We are owners of a Leisure Travel Vans Class B Plus RV. In fact, we have owned two of them. Leisure Travel Vans is one of the sponsors of our RV Lifestyle platform. We think it is important to tell you that Jennifer and I paid for the LTV RVs we have owned (the Wonder and the Unity). They were not “given” to us.
+Leisure has not told us what to say, nor do they have any editorial control over what we write and publish. The opinions we share are all our own.
+Before we get into our list of what we think are the Best Small Class C RVs for 2021, let’s talk a bit about the rigs, which are sometimes called Class B+.
+Class C vs. Class B Plus RV
+A Class B + RV is really a Class C RV.
+B + is a made-up term.
+But the term Class B Plus RV is so widely used now that people and RV salespeople commonly refer to them that way. Whether accurate or not, the Class B+ RV is the choice for many who want something bigger than a B but smaller than a normal C.
+They are the choice for Jennifer and me. As we've said, we've owned two of them: One, a Leisure Travel Vans Unity FX built on the Mercedes Benz Sprinter cutaway chassis.
+And our brand new one, a 2021 Wonder RTB (Rear Twin Bed) model built on the Ford Transit cutaway chassis.
+Before we got the B + RVs, we drove several other Class B motorhome models built on the Sprinter van chassis. So we've had both Bs and B + RVs.
+Why did we choose a Class B Plus RV?
+Because a Class B Plus RV has more room than the Class B RV but is still a small enough motorhome to be easily maneuvered.
+Class B RVs are known as campervans. They consist of a van body. The RV stuff is built and formed inside the walls of the van. It can get pretty close quarters in a B van.
+Class B Plus RVs are built on a cutaway chassis
+A Class B Plus RV (and the traditional Class C RV) is built on a cutaway chassis.
+A cutaway chassis consists of the engine and cab and, behind that, just the rails and wheels without walls. That back portion of the cutaway chassis is what RV manufacturers build the RV part on. Think of the RV part as a box, attached to rails and outriggers to that cutaway chassis.
+The box is a bit bigger and has more living room than the B van.
+What is with the Class B Plus RV designation?
+In short, a Class B Plus RV is an unofficial industry classification that refers to a Class C size (chassis/body) RV, minus the cab overhang at the front that typically is used for sleeping on Class Cs. For registration and insurance purposes, in fact, Class B+ RVs are listed as a Class C.
+“People said, ‘Well, I want something that doesn't have that overhang,” said Dean Corrigal, territory sales manager, Leisure Travel Vans “And so (the industry) came up with the name Class B Plus RV.”
+In other words, it's a marketing term. Totally made up.
+A Class B + RV is built on the same cutaway chassis cabs used for Class C RVs, typically from Mercedes-Benz or Ford. The living space of the Class C RV — or any class for that matter — is built by a third-party RV manufacturer.
+A Class B + RV offers more space and amenities than Class B RVs.
+Extra info on the Class B Plus RV
+- CLICK HERE to read an article on why we chose a Class B+ RV on the Ford Transit cutaway chassis
+- CLICK HERE to see a video on how Leisure Travel Vans builds its various Class B Plus RV models
+Advantages of a Class B Plus RV
+Because the only real difference between a Class C and Class B Plus RV is the absence of the traditional overhang associated with Class Cs, a Class B Plus RV generally offers more space and amenities than Class B campervans.
+Space: For example, the 2021 Leisure Travel Vans Wonder RTB (Rear Twin Bed) model Jennifer and I now have is a Class B Plus RV built on the Ford Transit chassis. It is a little bit wider (7 ft, 10 in.) than Class B and also a little bit longer at 24 ft., 9 in. The height is just under 10 ft., meaning it will be able to fit into some garages. The length is just under 25 feet.
+With a size like that, there’s plenty of room.
+Our Rear Twin Bed model has a rear “garage” that has a massive pass-through space that can hold bicycles and all the gear you'd ever need.
+Other Wonder models don't have the “garage” but have six different storage bays accessible from outside of the RV.
+Of course, there’s plenty of additional storage inside, as well.
+A Big Class B Plus Benefit: The Bathroom
+With a Class B RV, you don’t always get a full bathroom. And if they have a shower, it's usually a wet shower, meaning the entire bathroom gets wet when you shower in it. Most Class B RV showers share space with the toilet and sink.
+Most Class B Plus RV models, however, offer an enclosed dry shower separate from the toilet and sink, which stay dry as you shower. In our case, the enclosed shower on our Wonder has a skylight and is plenty roomy for a person who is 6'1″ or even a bit more to be able to stand up without stooping.
+Another Plus for the Class B Plus RV
+There’s one last thing: Because the Class B Plus RV is not quite the size of a full-sized C or a Class A RV, they are easier to drive and park. From my experience, I can pretty much take our B+ motorhome anywhere I could take our former Class B vans. Ours can even fit in a parking spot at most fast-food restaurants.
+In fact, when we are at our sticks and bricks home in Michigan, I use our Class B Plus RV as a second vehicle, running errands, shopping, doing everything we would with the family car.
+I asked Dean Corrigal why he thinks Class B Plus RVs are so popular.
+“I think it's because the big Class As are big and…some of the smaller Class Bs are a little bit too small for first time owners,” he said. “This is like Goldilocks and the Three Bears…she found the exact right one. I think that's what it is. It's not too big, not too small.”
+That's a great definition. We wanted a little more room than we had in our Class B campervans. I didn't like those traditional Class Cs with the cab-over bunks. And most of the regular Class Cs seemed a bit more challenging to use as a second vehicle. For us, a Class B Plus RV is the perfect choice.
+The one drawback of a Class B Plus RV
+The Class B Plus RV is best used by just two people. There are seatbelts for only two people. And while you could rig up a way to sleep a small adult or child by putting a platform of sorts across the two seats in the front, a Class B Plus RV is usually designed to sleep just two people.
+A Class C with the overhang can usually sleep three or four.
+Jennifer and I almost always travel with our 65-pound Norwegian Elkhound, BO. We sleep on the beds. Bo gets the floor unless we're not looking. For us, the maneuverability and ease in driving we get with the Class B Plus RV is worth losing the extra sleeping capacity of a Class C RV.
+Now that you know more about small Class C RVs (aka Class B+ RVs), let's look at what we think are the best of the best for 2021.
+Leisure Travel Vans Unity B Plus RV
+Our previous motorhome was the 2019 Leisure Travel Vans Unity FX Class B Plus RV (really a Class C RV0.
+We loved it. for the luxury, comfort, and safety it provided.
+It is built on the Mercedes Benz Sprinter and boasts a 3L V6 BlueTEC diesel engine under the hood. We found it to provide a smooth yet powerful ride with fuel economy in Unity is available in eight, European-inspired full-body paint options. Each Unity is painted using LTV's five-coat process, and the company says this will help your vehicle “look great for years to come. The Unity is available in five floorplans.
+We really enjoyed the Unity…if.
+The Unity ranges start in price at $138,460.
+Leisure Travel Vans Wonder B Plus RV
+The Wonder is our current RV and is powered by the Ford Transit — a powerful twin-turbocharged 3.5L EcoBoost V6 gas engine and LTV’s first-ever offering of optional intelligent all-wheel-drive that the company says is sure to “open up new possibilities to Wonder drivers.”.
+When it comes to fuel,.
+Mileage is not as good as we had on our Unity. We average about 126 mpg in the Wonder. My Sprinter-based Unity typically got 14.5-15 mpg of diesel. Cost-wise, because gas is cheaper right now, it's a wash. And 2 or 3 mpg less is no big deal to me.
+One of the first things we noticed with our new Wonder is how quiet and smooth it is to ride in. All six of our previous Sprinter RVs rode much rougher. Some were better. Some, like the 4WD one, was worse. But all of the Sprinters had more of a truck-like ride. The ride in the Wonder is awesome. It feels more like a car. Or SUV. Not completely. But mostly.
+The Wonder's stylish interior is matched by its sleek exterior featuring contoured sidewalls, a fiberglass flex roof, and aerodynamic, integrated front and rear fiberglass caps. The Wonder also is painted using LTV's five-coat process..
+The Wonder starts in price at about $121,000.
+Here's the most recent tour we did of our Wonder RTB model:
+Winnebago EKKO B Plus RV
+The EKKO is really getting a lot of great press these days!
+It combines the efficiency of a camper van, the added capacity of a Class C coach, and the enhanced capability of AWD. It's on the Ford Transit chassis.
+Combining the efficiency of a camper van and the capacity of a Class C coach, the EKKO has a massive heated pass-through gear garage – large enough to store bicycles, inflatable kayaks, and other outdoor gear – and a large living, sleeping, and cooking space. Winnebago likes to call it an adventure vehicle and it has some great off the grid and four-season capabilities.
+The 3.5L EcoBoost V6 delivers 310 horsepower and 400 lb.-ft. of torque, while the 31-gallon fuel tank greatly extends the EKKO's range compared to other Class B Plus RVs. Standard safety features include Adaptive Cruise Control, Lane-Keeping System, Pre-Collision Braking, Driver Alert, and more, plus the Winnebago-added Blind Spot Monitoring system.
+It comes with three solar panels that pump out 455-watts, a second alternator dedicated to charging the batteries while driving, and the lithium-ion batteries are standard to provide further energy independence. The 50-gallon fresh water tank plus proportionately large waste tanks make extended boondocking stays possible.
+With all tanks and water lines inside the coach above the floor, extra all-season insulation in the roof, walls, and floor, dual-pane acrylic windows, and multiple insulated exterior compartments, Winnebago says it can camp in cold weather easier than its competitors.
+It has seating with three-point seat belts and child seat tether anchors and has added sleeping capacity with an optional pop-top.
+The Ekko is available in two models – 22 feet and 24 feet long
+The Ekko starting price is $163,622.
+They come with standard 200W solar, Group 31 batteries (or available lithium smart batteries), and a 2,000 W inverter. The 24 foot Winnebago View has an MSRP of about $181,000 The Navion starts at about $173,000
+Airstream Atlas B Plus RV
+The Atlas Touring Coach is a very luxurious touring coach made by Airstream. It’s a Class B Plus RV built on the Mercedes-Benz Sprinter van chassis and inspired by the Airstream Interstate series.
+It is larger than the Interstate with a power slide-out, high-end features and finishes, and sleek automotive styling from grill to bumper.
+It is 24 feet long, 8′ 3″ wide, seats four, and sleeps two with a Murphy Bed and a floor plan similar to the Leisure Travel Vans Unity.
+It has a 23 galling fresh water tank, a 23-gallon black tank, and a 31-gallon gray tank.
+The interior height is 6; 6″.
+The 15,000 BTU Air Conditioner is ducted, providing even cooling throughout the coach.
+And it comes with an optional Tommy Bahama styled interior upgrade.
+The starting price for the Atlas is $244,000, making it perhaps the most expensive Class B Plus RV on the market.
+Before you buy a new RV, get the secrets to saving money!
+Next to your home, an RV is most likely the 2nd most expensive thing you'll ever purchase.
+We get questions every day of other RVers wondering. “How do you buy a new or used RV?”
+So we created a 75+!
+This ebook is designed to help make your purchase process as smooth as possible. And to teach you step-by-step exactly what to do so you can start your RV Lifestyle today! think next year may be a great buyers market for RVs as people will have used them for the Pandemic Times and then sell them off. What do you think?
+-
+Gerry says:
+January 24, 2021 at 9:57 am
+-
+Mike Wendland says:
+January 24, 2021 at 2:44 pm
+Richard,
+Great musing! We’re thinking along those lines and are exploring that question.
+1. Timing and availability
+2. Depreciation overall relative to new
+3. Second owner loses warranty on body, as I understand it
+4. Safety features (blind spot detection, lane keep, collision alerts, etc) are important to us. Big strides in the last couple of years (2020-2021).
+More thinking appreciated
+I agree… I think we will see a lot of used Rvs for sale!
+The headline says 7 best B+ Motorhomes but I only count five here: Unity, Wonder, Ekko, View/Navion which you count as one, and Airstream. Were two others accidentally cut off?
+-
+Mike Wendland says:
+January 24, 2021 at 2:45 pm
+LOL… no… a lazy copy editor (ME!!!)… that’s what happens when you write late into the night after a long day! I corrected the Blog title right after the email went out.
+Great reviews as usual. I’ve been watching/wanting a Leisure Travel unit for years, but have never been a diesel enthusiast. With the introduction of the Wonder line on the Transit platform, and especially now with the better positioned V6 EcoBoost engine…..I’m drooling even more. LTV attention to addressing RVer’s concerns is evident with every model and year. The garage of the RTB….in a league of it’s own, the under bed storage configuration and capacity, the flexibility of becoming a queen bed, the TV (when you want it from storage design), the flush mount kitchen waste or ice box design, the industry’s largest? expanding countertop, and then the “open from either side” refrigerator unit…..mind blowing.
+How do I spell perfection? LTV Wonder RTB.
+We’re so envious Mike and Jennifer. You too Bo.
+Thanks, Ken. You really can’t go wrong with any of those five SMALL Class Cs.
+-
+Kendra says:
+April 21, 2021 at 12:03 pm
+Thanks for the article, and love your dog, Bo! I am the proud parent and travel companion of two Elkhounds!
+Looking for an rb for 2-3 people. Safety and reliability a major factor.
+You should check out the model line from Phoenix Cruiser.
+You missed the 2021 Tiffin Wayfarer 25RW….we just bought one. It has the biggest bathroom around. Has tons of windows, including the bathroom. Has a Murphy bed, which i love because it gives you so much room and we have two theater seats. I totally recommend our!!!!
+Sorry Mike, this is a total powder puff piece for Leisure Travel Vans. Even though you throw out a disclaiming, you are totally bias to LTV and it shows even more when you list out pricing for other B+’s with higher MSRP. I would have preferred if you had really done the piece fairly & compared the LTV to the Tiffin Wayfarer. They are the two top quality B+/C’s on the market by many reviewers. While the Airstream is all glitched up with chrome trims & gizmos, it’s way overpriced for its size & the Winnebagos lack quality. Unfortunately a very disappointing piece retreading all your old LTV video reviews.
+Juan Pablo Orrego S.
+Patagonia Defense Council
+May 15, 2009
+Mr David Denison
+President and CEO
+CPP Investment Board
+Toronto, Ontario
+Mr. Denison:.
+Chilean Patagonia has been defined as an ecosystemic mosaic. In few temperate-cold regions of the world today it is possible to find such rates of biodiversity (flora, fauna and ecosystems) and endemism. Its beauty is legendary; its unique landscapes represent an extraordinary natural capital that grows just by conserving and protecting it. Patagonia is also home of a unique culture rich in identity, values and traditions. For the local
+inhabitants Patagonia is a ‘life reserve’, and their aspiration is to keep developing their region’s potential insuring that it offers a high quality of life on the basis of the conservation of its pioneer culture, its environmental attributes and territorial integrity.
+Regarding the HidroAysén hydroelectric project:
+a) Generation component: five hydroelectric dams (2,750 MW; 18,400 GWh/y; 6,000 hectares flooding area); two in the Baker River and three in the Pascua River, with an estimated cost of US$ 3 Bn., planned by HidroAysén, a consortium conformed by Endesa-Chile (51%), (subsidiary of Endesa-Spain, 92% controlled by Enel-Italy), and the Chilean company Colbún (49%). HidroAysén submitted an EIA in August 2008 for their project. Thirty-two public services which reviewed the EIA found that it presented insufficient and erroneous information, and made 3,000+ critical observations; citizen’s made another 11,000. The company has announced that they will answer these observations in August 2009 through an “addenda” to the EIA.
+b) Transmission component: a 1,500 miles long, continuous electricity transmission system; 6,000 towers; 22,700 hectares potentially affected; with an estimated cost of US$2 Bn., planned by the Chilean company Transelec owned by Canada’s Brookfield Asset Management, and a consortium of Canadian partners including the Canada Pension Plan Investment Board, the British Columbia Investment Management Corporation and the Public Sector Pension Investment Board. No EIA has been presented for the transmission line.
+It has to be noted that 100% of the electricity that would be generated in Patagonia at an extremely high cost for it, would be transported 1,500 miles away to supply large industries around Santiago, Chile’s capital, a city with very high levels of contamination and pollution, and mining north of Santiago. None of the nine regions that would be crossed by the transmission line would receive any electricity from the HidroAysén project, so, they would pay for HidroAysén’s externalities without internalizing any important benefit.
+Briefly, fundamental issues regarding the HidroAysén project that have be considered by all interested parties or stakeholders:
+1) Patagonia’s Incalculable Environmental Value. Chilean Patagonia, which is being proposed for Humanity’s Heritage status before UNESCO, is located between 43º 38´ and 56º 30’ South Latitude. It is home to one of the largest reserves of sweet water in the world, frozen in the North and South Ice Fields –4,200 km2 and 13,000 km2 (80% in Chile, 20% in Argentina)– respectively. 90% of Chile’s glaciers are located here. This macro-bioregion has an incalculable biodiversity value with numerous endemic species of flora and fauna, many with of them with conservation problems, which have found refuge in Patagonia, among which can be mentioned 34 land and aquatic mammals, 40 birds, 7 reptiles, 11 amphibians, and 21 fish. Some of these endangered species are national emblems: the Huemul, a large andean deer only found in the southernmost regions of Chile (only 3,000 individuals left) and Argentina; the Pudú, an endemic miniature deer, and the Cóndor, the world’s largest flying bird. The tourism potential of Patagonia, directly dependent on its exceptional natural resources and environmental attributes, is one of the productive activities which would be severely degraded by the building of the dams and associated transmission lines. A study done in 2008 by a team of experts of the University of Chile estimated that, just in the Aysén Region, with the building of HidroAysén, the losses for the tourism business would ascend to US$ 40 M a year, considering the actual inflow of tourists. The losses would be much higher if one considers that tourism is just beginning to be developed and promoted in Chilean Patagonia, and that extraordinary parks are in advanced stages of implementation precisely within the direct area of influence of the hydroelectric projects and the associated transmission lines. According to the study, with HidroAysén, at least 70% of the tourists would cease visiting the area, and the total loss for Aysén’s local economy would exceed by 261% the eventual regional benefits of the HidroAysén project.
+2) Opposition to the HidroAysén project. Through three official surveys with national coverage, Chileans have clearly expressed that they reject the plans to dam Patagonia. In April 2008, a ‘CERC’ survey found that 53% of the Chilean people disapproved the dams in Patagonia; in June 2008 the ‘Fundación Futuro’ survey found that 52.8% of the interviewed opposed the degradation of Patagonia; recently, in April 2009, the IPSOS survey found that 57.6 % of Chileans do not agree with the mega hydroelectric project in Patagonia and the associated transmission lines. The opposition has grown from Patagonia. In November 2007 more than 120 Patagonian people –women, men and elders– organized a horse ride for 9 days, crossing 320 kilometers from the watershed of the Baker River to the regional capital, Coyhaique, where they delivered to the regional authorities a document expressing their rejection of the HidroAysén project and its potential consequences. Many other local demonstrations against HidroAysén have taken place during the last three years and most of the critical 11,000 observations about the EIA come from Aysén. To this has to be added the fact that almost 20,000 persons have become part of the “Patagonia Without Dams” Campaign through the portal, and that there is a growing global community of 90 facebook groups, a network of more than 105.340 citizen’s of the world concerned with the fate of Chilean Patagonia. CDP’s international partners have also organized important actions with a global scope, such as International Rivers (USA) initiative that resulted in that 220
+letters from citizens of USA, Canada, New Zealand, Australia, Netherlands, Spain, Germany, Switzerland and United Kingdom were addressed to the head of the Matte group (Colbún – CMPC), Eliodoro Matte, asking Colbún to renounce their participation in the HidroAysén project in Chilean Patagonia; such as Natural Resource Defense Council (USA) posting Chilean Patagonia as a Biogem in their web-page which has resulted in important cyberactivism actions; both IR and NRDC have contributed to the realization of energy studies that demonstrate that the HydroAysén project is unnecessary. Probe International (Canada) is questioning the participation of a Canadian investment consortium in the buiding of the HydroAysén project transmission line. Spanish and Italian organizations –Ingeniería Sin Fronteras-Cataluña, Paz con Dignidad, Greenpeace, Ecologistas en Acción, Setem, Campagna per la Riforma della Banca Mondiale, Fondazione Culturale Responsabilita Etica, Valori– are actively engaged in questioning the participation of European companies and financial agencies in the HydroAysén project.
+3) Governance Issues. Under the pressure of large sectors of the Chilean society, and the need to comply with OECDs recommendations regarding Environmental Performance, Chile’s government is at the moment intent in a deep modification of the country’s environmental institution and legislation, which includes the creation of an Environmental Ministry, an Environmental Evaluation Service and a Monitoring Agency. This is the result of a negative evaluation of the actual system where decision-making is not transparent, political rather than technical, and overtly influenced by the proponents of projects being evaluated; where the proponents of a project have too much influence on the EIAs done by consultancy firms contracted by the proponents themselves without the mediation of a state agency to insure its quality and equanimity; where, consequently, large projects that have been approved through the actual EIA system have had serious unforeseen negative impacts; where projects can be reductively evaluated by parts (such as the generation component and the transmission component of a large hydroelectric plant); and where public participation, including the directly and indirectly affected, is limited to 60 days regardless of the scale and complexity of projects, and whose observations are absolutely non-binding, among many other problems. (There is at the moment a lawsuit against the environmental authority asking for the annulment of HidroAysén’s EIA process on the grounds that 60 days does not permit an adequate participation of the public given the scale of the project and the 10,500 pages and technical complexity of the EIA). There is ample consensus in Chile that the actual EIA system does not guarantee a fair process to all stakeholders, particularly to the most affected by the building of large infrastructure projects. The problems of environmental governance are leading to serious governance problems in general due to the negative impacts of projects authorized under Chile’s actual environmental legislation, institution, and through the actual EIA system. All this has led to the public’s loss of confidence in the system, and in the public services involved,
+with the result that the public’s reaction has become one of opposing most projects on principle, perceiving that to a great extent the population and environment pay the costs, the externalities, of developments while companies internalize important profits.
+4) Excessive Concentration in the Energy and Water Sectors. Endesa-Chile and Colbún have the control of Chile’s electrical market. Between both companies they concentrate 74% of generation in the Central Interconnected Grid (SIC) that supplies 93% of the Chilean population. If HidroAysén was approved, this duopoly would dominate more than 80% of generation in the SIC, making the regulation of the energy sector very difficult for the State, creating serious problems in terms of free competition, distorting the market and price fixation in the sector. Further, the installation of HidroAysén’s 2,750 MW would act as a deterrent for the deployment of renewable sources of energy precisely when the conditions have been set for the participation of other companies with renewable energies portfolios, such as solar, wind and geothermal. The problem of excessive concentration in the energy sector is compounded by the fact that Endesa-Chile, subsidiary of Endesa-Spain, today controlled by Enel, also monopolizes 80% of Chile’s non-consumptive water rights (for hydroelectric development) and 96% of the same rights in the Aysén Region, so that virtually no competition can exist for sustainable, small-scale, run-of-the-river hydroelectric development in Chilean Patagonia. This unprecedented concentration in the energy and water sector of energy and water, practically in the hands of one company, ENDESA, creates serious problems for democratic governance in Chile. This excessive concentration of financial and social power inevitably co-opts politics, politicians, media, academia, and the courts of justice.
+5) Unity of the Generation and Transmission Components of the Hidroaysén Project. It is evident that the generation and transmission components of a large hydroelectric project conform an integrated whole. One cannot operate without the other. Both are indispensable for each other. Given this total interrelation, the members of the CDP consider that the parties responsible for the generation component of the HidroAysén project are also responsible for the transmission component, and vice-versa. The serious flaws in Chile’s Environmental Legislation result in the nonsensical situation that, regarding a project such as HidroAysén, the generation component has to be evaluated separately from the transmission component because the proponents are different. Of course, this means that the real scope of the impacts of the HidroAysén project –the sum and synergy of the impacts of the hydro dams and of all the associated transmission lines–, cannot be properly evaluated. As said, in August 2008 HidroAysén presented to the Environmental Authority an EIA that encompasses only the generation component of the project. The 1,500 mile-long transmission line, crossing 9 administrative regions of Chile, and 64 counties, with 6,000 towers 50-70 meters high, with an underlying service lane more than 100 meters wide, that would affect thousands of properties, and 14 legally natural protected areas, is not included in the EIA. On August 28th, 2008, a member of the CDP, FIMA (Attorneys for the Environment) presented a Declarative Legal Action before the 28th Civil Tribunal in Santiago, Chile, asking for the suspension of the EIA until an adequate study, which includes the transmission line, is presented, so that the real environmental impact of the project as a whole can be properly evaluated. The sentence is pending, but on January 16th, 2009 the Tribunal resolved to make an inquiry, both into the nature of the Hidroaysén project, and about if the project comprises only the hydroelectric dams, or if it includes the transmission lines, as well as regarding the active legitimation of the claimants. It is important to point out that if the generation component starts to be built, the EIA for the transmission line, the work of the pertinent public services as well as the participation of the public will make absolutely no sense, since the transmission line would become an accomplished fact (fait accompli). Even the courts of justice would be neutralized since they could not rule against a feature of the hydroelectric project which would render useless the generation component already authorized and under construction. The advancement of the generation component isolated from the transmission component is generating a very odd and risky juridical situation. CDP‘s lawyers are studying the matter, and this could lead to a public right annulment lawsuit regarding the EIAs of both the generation and transmission components of the HidroAysén project.
+6) HidroAysén Project High Physical Risks. a) Patagonia is a geologically young and unstable region. The North and South Ice Fields, that cover 17.000 km2, are the last continental remnants of the last ice-age. The main valleys still conserve the wide glacial u-shape, and the rivers have just begun carving the v-shaped typical fluvial morphology on these young valleys. The whole Aysén Region where the hydroelectric project is situated has been declared a seismic region. Patagonia is cut across by very important geological faultlines, particularly a main longitudinal one, “Liquiñe-Ofqui”, considered the second most active in South America. On April 21st, 2007, a 6.2 Richter scale earthquake, accompanied by a tsunami, hit the region at the Aysén fjord, leaving behind 10 casualties. It is an established fact that large dams can induce earthquakes (Reservoir Induced Seismicity – RIS). In spite of the seismicity in the Aysén Region, and the presence of faultlines, RIS was not considered in Hidroaysén’s EIA; b) On the 1st of May 2008, in the Palena Province, northern part of Chilean Patagonia, the Chaitén volcano erupted, destroying the Chaitén village, forcing the evacuation of 9,000 persons. The volcano continues active.
+The projected corridor for the transmission line of the HidroAysén project passes by the lower slopes of the Chaitén volcano. If the transmission line had been in place, an important section of it would have been destroyed. It is hard to imagine the severity of the energy crisis that would have hit Chile’s main electrical grid (SIC) which supplies 93% of Chile’s population, with the sudden loss of HidroAysén’s 2,750 MW for an undetermined period of time; c) In the Patagonian watersheds targeted for dams, Glacial Lake Outburst Floods (Glofs) have been occurring at an unprecedented rate. Four Glofs events have occurred in the watershed of the Baker River over the last 11 months, when in the past they used to recur over decades, a fact that has been directly linked by the experts, to climate change and increasing glacier melt. The Glofs have meant rises of up to 4 meters of the levels of the waters of the Baker River, and sudden flow increases, from 573 m3/s to 3.008 m3/s. The consequences have been flooded fields, loss of cattle, and impacts on infrastructure, such as roads and bridges, as far 40 kilometers downstream from the inflow of the glofs’ waters into the Baker River. All this has occurred within the influence area of the two dams planned in the Baker River by HidroAysén; d) In fact, the issue about security around large dams is globally a growing concern. The 45,000 large dams that exist worldwide were built without considering the erratic hydrology that is being generated by climate change, so that most of them today should be considered risky. Recently, people downstream from dams in the valley of the Biobío River in Chile, as well as in the Henan Province in China, for example have lost their lives and livelihoods due to floods related to a faulty operation of the hydroelectric dams. With the earthquakes, volcanic eruption and glofs, the HidroAysén dams would put at risk the population of Aysén located downstream from the dams, as well as 93% of Chile’s population, due to the high probability of failures of the dams and transmission lines; e) Finally, there is a human factor that also adds important risk to the HidroAysén project. If the project is imposed to the country basically through corporative and political lobby, there are going to be uncountable people in strong disapproval. Disapproval which is accumulating due to several very emblematic cases of projects that are perceived by the public as imposed through lobby, which have supposedly been properly evaluated through EIAs, but have nevertheless had severe negative impacts, such as the Ralco dam in the Biobío River, the Pascua Lama gold mine, the Arauco cellulose pulp-mill, and others. These concrete cases are creating a build up of resentment and discontent in the Chilean population. A project such as HidroAysén with 5 large hydroelectric dams in a remote but cherished area of Chile, and which needs a 1,500 mile long transmission line crossing 9 regions, 64 counties, thousands of properties, including lands of indigenous communities, and 14 protected areas, will be extremely vulnerable to this human factor.
+7) Demand before the Secretariat of the Commission for Environmental Cooperation of the Free Trade Agreement Chile-Canada. A demand has been presented by a lawyer acting for the CDP on June 12th, 2008, before the Secretariat of the Commission for Environmental Cooperation, Chile-Canada, in Ottawa, where the CDP requests that the Environmental Treaty signed in 1991 between Chile and Argentina is effectively enforced, denouncing “a persistent pattern of non-compliance of sectorial legislation by the Chilean State.” This, given that the Electricity and Fuels Agency (SEC) of the Chilean Government granted Endesa a provisional electrical concession for carrying out studies for the hydroelectric projects in the rivers Pascua and Baker, without considering the Additional Specific Protocol about Shared Water Resources, of the Chile-Argentina Environmental Treaty (1991), which establishes the bi-national requisite of developing “General Plans for the Utilization of Shared Watersheds” prior to their intervention from any of the two sides of the border. As of today, these plans do not exist, and in clear violation of the Special Protocol there is a EIA underway for damming both the Baker and Pascua despite that both rivers are shared water resources, and that their basins are bi-national. This issue can generate conflicts between Chile and Argentina, as well as with Canada, since in the Chile-Canada agreement, both countries make a binding agreement regarding honoring all their environmental commitments. On December 23d, 2008, CDP’s demand was admitted to process by the Canadian Secretariat which has informed that it will call in an Expert’s Panel to start an inquiry, extend a request for information from the Chilean State, and proceed to the elaboration of a case file.
+8) Energy-Wise, HidroAysén is unnecessary. A recent study done by energy experts which only considers Chile’s main grid, the Central Interconnected System (SIC), which supplies 93% of Chile’s population, and into which the electricity from Hydroaysén would be downloaded, and which doesn’t consider the HydroAysén project– clearly demonstrates that HidroAysén is unnecessary. According to this study, in Chile, right now, several companies are planning numerous non-conventional renewable energy projects, as well as conventional plants with which to amply supply the SIC’s energy demand of 22.375 MW projected by the National Energy Commission for the year 2025. The scenario evaluated by the experts for the period 2009-2025 considers the actual installed capacity in the SIC of 9.118 MW, plus another 13.962 MW which will be installed by plants already approved, plus the capacity of other projects which are now in the environmental evaluation process, totaling 23.080 MW, which exceeds the demand projected by the CNE. Even more, when the potentials of efficient use and of renewable sources projected to the year 2025 (always within the SIC) –2.719 MW and 4.565 MW, respectively– are incorporated to this scenario, the numbers are categorical: they clearly show that Chile does not need to keep building large hydroelectric dams to satisfy its energy needs, that Chile does not need HidroAysén to have the energy necessary for its present and future development.
+With all due respect, the organizations associated in the “Council for the Defense of Patagonia” (CDP), call on ENEL and all of ENEL’s stakeholders to renounce to the HidroAysén project for the reasons briefly delineated above. We are fully aware that HidroAysén is not a project that has been conceived and moved along by ENEL, and precisely for that reason we call upon ENEL to land in Chile and South America as a force of positive change regarding energy development in our continent. Projects like HidroAysén are anachronistic, outdated, harmful and unnecessary.
+1
+The Environmental Treaty signed between Chile and Argentina in 1991 constitutes Chilean internal fully applicable legislation and, for this reason, it was expressly incorporated as an applicable norm in regards of the “Environmental Cooperation Chile-Canada Agreement” signed in parallel to the Free Trade Agreement (TLC) subscribed by Chile and Canada in 1997 for the promotion of development and environmental cooperation. CDP’s demand, then, is fully congruent with the objectives of the TLC, which contemplates a special procedure for “petitions relative to the application of the environmental legislation” which can be initiated by any interested person or non-governmental organization.
+2
+“Is HydroAysén necessary? – An analysis of Chile’s Energy Future”, Stephen Hall & Associates, Roberto Román, Universidad de Chile – May 2009. 7 conclusion that the only wrong reason behind the intentions to dam Chilean Patagonia is the fact that Endesa-Chile-Spain, and now ENEL, have captured massive water rights in the rivers of Patagonia and would like to use them for profitable commercial reasons. Nevertheless, the severe impacts that this utilization would provoke should seriously be taken in consideration, as well as the fact that these water rights were absolutely improperly acquired during the military regime, or on the first months of 1990, when Chile was just returning to democracy with great difficulties, so that these water rights were registered at zero cost and in the total absence of a democratic process. There is ample consensus in Chile regarding this situation, and a growing social movement for the nationalization, or recovery of our country’s waters, so that this vital and strategic resource remains under the control of the Chilean State.
+We are very interested in ENEL’s non-conventional renewable energy portfolio and have expectations that ENEL’s presence in our continent will contribute to a much needed change towards modernity, sustainability and a much more equitable society comparable to Europe’s best examples.
+Juan Pablo Orrego S.
+Director – Ecosistemas
+International Coordinator – CDP
+José M. Infante 1960 p. 2 – Ñuñoa – Santiago – Chile
+Tel: (56 2) 494 0233 – 458 4776
+Mob.: (56 9) 9 349 9236
+jp.orrego@ecosistemas.cl
+Cc: Patricia Adams, Grainne Ryder – Probe Internacional
+Michele Dapri, Valter Serrentino, Licia Veronesi – Intesa San Paolo
+Giorgio Capurru – UniCredit Group
+Carlo de Masi, Masimo Saotta – Flaey CISL
+Marina Migliorato, Andrea Falessi – ENEL
+Antoni Ballabriga, A. Beatriz Alonso, Tomás Conde – BBVA
+Borja Baselga – Santander
+Anni Joh – SETEM
+Antonio Tricarico, Andrea Baranes – CRBM
+write your own letter to the CPPIB urging them to abandon this environmentally and economically controversial project
+Categories: Canada Pension Plan, Chilean Patagonia, EDC, News
+Ask most people what they think of when they imagine a volcano eruption and they’ll describe red-hot lava sluggishly flowing. We’ve all seen the film clips of lava in Hawaii doing just that. But as hard as it might be to believe, a river of molten rock is about the best possible case for a volcanic eruption. For the most part, you can see those coming, and they’re going to flow in a mostly predictable way. It’s the other kind of eruption that poses an extreme challenge for survival.
+There are about 1,500 active volcanoes in the world, and 169 of them are in the United States. Most of the world’s active volcanoes are located along a big circle called the Pacific Rim of Fire. If you draw a line around the west coast of the Americas and out the Aleutian peninsula and down through the east coasts of Japan and Asia all the way down to Australia and New Zealand, you’ve pretty much got it. Most of the islands in the Pacific Ocean have a volcanic component to them, too. Other volcanoes are scattered around the world, including Etna and Vesuvius in Sicily and Italy, Eyjafjallajökull in Iceland, and some in the Caribbean.
+Every year, 50 to 70 volcanoes will erupt. For the most part, this is no big deal. They belch some gas and ash into the sky, or send some lava along a well-defined channel, adding some real estate to the local map. But occasionally, we get that other kind of eruption—the ash and dust and mud kind. Volcanologists have a lot of scientific terms for it, but the bottom line is that a mountain just explodes, raining superheated rock and ash down on the countryside for hundreds of miles in every direction, while a combination flood and landslide of superheated mud and rock scrapes absolutely everything off the landscape.
+This happened in Washington State on May 18th, 1980, when Mount Saint Helens erupted with the force of 500 nuclear bombs. People were expecting an eruption, but no one predicted that the top and side of the mountain would simply explode. The initial shockwave ran at over 300 mph and flattened everything in its path. Then came the pyroclastic flow—a wave of mud and rock hundreds of feet thick and measuring hundreds of degrees Fahrenheit. A total of 57 people died that spring morning, including those who defied warnings to evacuate and some who were in areas authorities believed safe.
+But the people in the path of millions of tons of volcanic sputum were not the only ones with a challenging survival situation on their hands. The ash and dust from the explosion fell as far away as Minnesota. The entire Pacific Northwest was covered in a blanket of fine grit anywhere from an inch to a foot thick. If you dig a hole in the right place, you can still find a layer of ashy clay a few inches down.
+The survival challenge for anyone under the umbrella of a volcano, and anyone who lives downwind of that volcano, is more subtle but no less dangerous. Plus, there’s a tremendous risk of property damage that you might not expect.
+Yellowstone – The Big One
+If all that doom and gloom doesn’t have you thinking in survival mode, consider this: Mount Saint Helens was pretty small in the grand scheme of things. The great Yellowstone Crater is expected to blow at some point, and if it goes up the way some scientists expect it will, the resulting super-eruption could take out much of North America entirely. The last time this crater blew up, the volcano spewed out 100 million cubic yards per second, which changed the climate of North America and may have caused the extinction of large numbers of species on the continent.
+Yellowstone doesn’t look as imposing as a cone-shaped volcano mountain such as Mount Saint Helens or Mount Fuji in Japan, but it’s actually much more significant. When you enter the Yellowstone crater, it looks like you’re driving into a big valley. Don’t be fooled by the size, though—it’s still a volcanic crater. And the amusing tourist attractions like the Old Faithful geyser indicate that the volcano underneath that crater is alive and fully active.
+Scientists believe that if Yellowstone fully erupts, the ejection could cover most of the western United States in ash, disrupting agriculture and wildlife. Up to half of the United States could be rendered uninhabitable for an extended period of time. An eruption of this scale would devastate the global economy and perhaps threaten civilization itself.
+Surviving an Eruption Event
+Your first challenge is to survive the actual eruption. The best way to do this is by being elsewhere when it happens. This is generally possible because at least in the United States, we keep a pretty close eye on our volcanoes. The mountains usually offer distinct signals to our scientists that indicate when an eruption is likely. When the situation goes critical, you’ll get an advisory to leave the area. You should heed that advice and leave by the safest route possible.
+If you are caught by the explosion, you have a decision to make: shelter in place or run for it. If you believe you could be in the path of devastation, then obviously running is the right choice. No humans overtaken by a pyroclastic flow have ever been known to survive. Such flows are too big, too fast, too hot, and absolutely deadly.
+But if you are not in the immediate vicinity or along any likely path of flows, your best bet is to plan on sheltering in place. Seal up your house as much as humanly possible. Seal up windows, doors, fireplace flues, HVAC system intakes and exhausts, attic hot air exhaust vents, kitchen blower vents, crawl space and basement vents. The sealing job doesn’t have to be fancy or completely airtight. You’re just looking to minimize the amount of dust and ash that gets in. You can use garbage bags and duct tape, sheet plastic, tarps, even bedsheets. The critical thing is not to let the ash get into your house where you will breathe it into your lungs. Once you have sealed your house, you can hunker down there until the ash stops falling. Throughout this process, normal lockdown survival rules apply. You will need to rely on your stored drinking water and food. Utilities are also likely to be out for the duration.
+TIP: Your standard home hot water heater holds 30 to 50 gallons of drinkable water suitable for a long-term lockdown situation.
+Resist the temptation to go outside and check on things while the ash is flying. That just opens up the house to let ash in, and you’ll get ash on you while you’re outside. But at the same time, keep an eye on accumulations of ash through the windows, because a great weight of material is likely to be landing on your cars, your roof, your gutters, and so on. When this is all over, you’ll have plenty of time to exercise your respirator while washing and sweeping the ash away.
+Surviving the Aftermath
+While the actual eruption might be terrifying, the real challenge with surviving a major volcanic event happens after the mountain ceases its destructive tear. In the near term, a volcanic eruption presents the same challenges as an earthquake, flood, or other natural disaster. Roads are likely to be impassable, utilities out for extended periods, and store-bought food will be thin on the ground.
+Your first step here is to rely on your stored provisions. This is why you carefully planned and purchased the food and water you need to survive for several weeks. Standard rules apply: do not be conspicuous about how well you are doing, maintain a regular schedule of rations, and quietly help out as you are able.
+Volcanoes and Climate Change
+In the event of a regional volcanic disaster in North America, help should be on the way in short order. Food will arrive and getting water systems up and running will be a top priority. But in the event of a nationwide or intercontinental disaster, things could look very different.
+In recorded history, there are several instances of major eruptions that have actually changed the climate worldwide. What happens is that the ash and dust get into the upper atmosphere, blocking the sun and bringing on a volcanic winter that can last for years. In recorded history, we know that hundreds of thousands have starved after a major eruption, and in prehistory, it is thought that a volcanic eruption nearly caused the extinction of ancient man. In that case, your long-term survival skills have to come into play. Many of the local livestock are likely to be dead of bronchitis and mechanical pneumonia from the initial eruption, and those that are left may be struggling to find suitable uncontaminated food.
+Crops are likely to be meager or fail entirely at a continental level if freezing temperatures persist through a summer. When the normal growing season is disrupted, not just sown crops are in trouble, but even the wild-growing foods that a resourceful person knows how to exploit. In this case, you could find yourself becoming a refugee, or at least bringing your precious stock of cash, metals, trade goods, and skills into play to keep yourself fed, housed, and healthy.
+This is a critical survival item in your kit. If you live anywhere near a volcano, you need one of these, properly fitted, for each member of your household. Volcanic ash is irritating to any part of you that comes into contact, but especially to your respiratory system and eyes.
+Goggles are best here, something that will do as much as possible to keep the volcanic ashdust out of your eyes. As mentioned above, this ash is super irritating to your eyes. Make sure you get a good pair for each person in your household—and maybe a few spares. Ordinary swimming goggles from the sporting goods store will work, or welding goggles with clear lenses.
+Because if you did manage to survive, you’ll want to be found. When the airplanes are surveying the damage, you can send up a signal. In most cases of people surviving where others did not, they survived because they were able to alert rescuers to their presence.
+In the event that water systems are down for some time, you’ll want to filter any water you plan to drink. The particulate ash will be the worst, so think about getting more than one filter because the filters may become clogged.
+Plastic sheeting such as painter’s drop cloths and ordinary garbage bags are perfect for sealing your house against volcanic ash or other airborne pathogens. Get some bungee cords and duct tape for sealing off vents like your fireplace flue, hot air escape vents on the roof, and the kitchen blower vent. Don’t forget those attic and crawl space or basement vents.
+Editor’s note: A version of this article first appeared in the Doomsday 2016 issue of American Survival Guide.
+A but said it is a casual, sit-down chain similar to Applebee’s and TGI Friday’s.
+Table Hopping
+Eat, drink and be candid
+By Steve Barnes | Email | About Table Hopping
+Hallelujah, I just said to myself, “Self, what we could really use around here is more chain restaurants like Applebee’s or TGI Friday’s”
+Amen bro’
+Some people would say that without the sarcasm.
+I love that a chain is opening there. If only to spite the likes of #1 & #2. Your locally owned, farm-to-table, artisanal, funky, independent, blah, blah, blah establishments are coming in with a trickle as the chains multiply like rabbits. The hungry masses will come in droves to open their wallets. And if and when one of them closes, no real big deal, just a loss on the books of the large, rich corporation. They’ll just try it again somewhere else. It must just erk you so. I revel in it!!!
+Amen bro
+I’ll bet it irks some too…..
+Doesn’t irk,(your spellcheck must be off) it is just that some of us just don’t belly up to the latest and greatest (sic) gustatorial feed the masses cheap stuff. Just sayin’
+LJ, shortbus and that Mc guy:
+Two words: colon cancer. Thinning the herd just the way Darwin predicted. Live it up, folks.
+Chains cause colon cancer? I would love to see the supporting data on that.
+Mickey, your head must be up your colon
+LJ … according to the AMA pamphlet my father had,
+colo-rectal cancer is a high risk in “developed” countries.
+Among the listed risk factors are high intake of fat, alcohol or red meat, obesity, smoking and a lack of physical exercise. Since High fat content foods are a chain restaurant staple…I’d say Mickey is totally correct… I’d also sat that (from personal observation) the people most likely yo dine at those places are already obese, the risk likely doubles….
+DMc ,
+Most places that the foodies on this blog praise have menus filled with pork belly, duck fat, poutine, sausages, organ meats, etc, etc. and they serve alcohol as well. How’s that any different?
+LJ…with the exception of poutine, most of the stuff served in better restaurants isn’t deep fried, and/or smothered in bread crumbs … also many people on a day to day basis eat “bar food,” while those who choose mostly higher end places tend to eat less that type of food… There is a huge difference between the types as to fat, and salt contents…and also as to serving sizes …
+Ahhhhh, poutine! Say all you want about it, but it’s fascinating to have once in a while!
+I’m sure you’ll be happy when every town in American looks the same and society is completely homogenized. Wal Mart? check!; Lowe’s? check!; Chili’s? check!; Dunkin’ Donuts? check!; Starbucks? check!;
+Route 9 in Latham, 9W in Glenmont, 146 in Clifton Park are all the same, you are on the way to your Utopia. Congratulations.
+Really 1 & 2? You’re going to make negative comments about a business coming to that corridor? There is PLENTY of room in that area for places I’m sure you’d rather see, so where are they? Guess what, the chain will come in, more people will come to that area, which will then allow a small, family owned restaurant to come in and be noticed. Right now there is barely ANYTHING along there that stays open past 9 PM.
+We need to stop and think before we make comments like the ones you made above.
+I don’t know that many people that go out to eat after 9 PM. That is what diners are for.
+Chester,
+While eating before 9 is absolutely the norm, there are still many people who enjoy late night food. Especially those that do not have traditional 9-5 jobs, and those in the 18-32 age range. The culture in our country has shifted in the past 20 years, which is why many many restaurants noowstay open later. We need variety in Glenville, and if a chain wants to come in so what? It will create jobs, generate tax revenue, provide a service, etc. There are still plenty of other places for family owned restaurants to open.
+Sorry but the reason that you may not know many people who eat after 9pm is that there is no where in our area to eat after 9!!! It really is ridiculous that even on a Friday and Saturday night that your only option when looking for dinner at 9 is a chain but that’s what we get. (and as Nick points out, I am definitely one who works an odd schedule, especially during the holidays, and I just give up trying to eat out during that time…it’ really disappointing and sad).
+Anyway, here’s hoping is something halfway decent at least!
+Aww we hate it when new jobs come in!
+Because people are different, they like various types of restaurants. A lot of people – obviously – like chain restaurants. I was in TJ’s Cafe the other night, not a chain, of course, and it was packed. Like me, many don’t prefer what chains offer. I find it hard to find fault with the majority of the population that apparently prefers chain restaurants.
+I love Flightline.
+Not a fan of chains, but, here’s the thing, that location has been empty for at least a year if not longer so that left plenty of opportunity for a local to open something up!
+Just saying….
+Amen
+Everyone remember, “Chain Food” is the end result of an INDUSTRIAL PROCESS designed to be performed by UNTRAINED, UNSKILLED WORKERS where ‘success’ is defined by the absence of food-borne illness.
+As long as everyone keeps that in mind, and doesn’t expect anything more from them, there’s a place for them certainly.
+But an industrial process designed to prevent unskilled and untrained employees from killing me isn’t really where I find satisfaction when I eat.
+And given that ‘paying attention to what I eat’ is 50% of my weight management program, ‘satisfaction’ is really, really critical.
+Thank you!!!! We are unindated with food shows, commercials, and the food has to be more, more more and cheap. I cannot tell you how many times I have eaten out and watched plates come out loaded and almost 33% of it goes back to ultimately the dumpster. Hmmmm.
+Inundated, Rav. Now we’re even.
+“HOWAHD! I HAVE A COUPON FOR OLIVE GAWDEN!!” -Mrs. Wolowitz-
+Is that a bazinga? LOL.
+Have you seen all the COUPONS that litter this Clipper rag that the mail lady dumps in my mailbox every month?
+With coupons galore for such esteemed INDEPENDENT restaurants as Barnsider,Chez Mike’s,Jack’s,Risotto,Paolo Lombardi’s. Want me to send you the Lombardi’s coupon,WP? Send me a SASE.
+I was hoping for Olive Garden but only came across one for Honest Weight. Why would they need to drum up business with coupons? Doesn’t god live there?
+Lboy: Chez Mike? Paolo Lombardi’s? We’ve NEVER seen coupons for them in the Clipper, which we also receive.
+Could you identify which issue they appeared in? Maybe we could spoil ourselves at one of those places.
+I’m sorry, but I don’t know what a SASE is.
+#10 – zzzzzzz
+Once you had to kill/grow everything you ate. Life changes, get over it.
+You’re still free to go back to the beginning.
+Yes Albany. The socialist leftist beacon of upstate New York. The left, home of anti corporate welfare, the defender of the individual in the face of corporate take overance.
+Then why oh Swami, why the hypocrisy of the we care for you, doth the invincible faceless corporate scum descend so readily upon us?
+Do they, the dark over lords of corporatdom, enjoy certain death in an unfriendly land or, by chance, see through the “you can keep your health plan if you like it lie” and see the truth of the leftist mindset that says “do as I say not as I do” as I the enlightened one seek to buy wine from a chain grocery store for shear convenience whilst telling others thou shall not shop nor eat at the chains that have us secured to their trees like a dog on a run.
+I believe they see through the mist of crocodile tears of the left and descend to devour the supposed hand that hates them.
+What a s***load of hogwash.
+That is the stupidest thing I’ve ever read…. sure you’re not Freida’s alter ego ?
+Thou hast careened into Poopdom.
+The rant looketh like the tyoical Frieda chick rant, but anyway, why cannot leftists as thou doth define us speak out about the corrupt mismanagment of the food supply in this country? Foresooth, and begone, or make your case for us normal folks to decipher. Hogwash, I say.
+Gadzooks, what dreck! (to mix a metaphor)
+Thou leftists are complaining but reveal thy hypocrisies in the fact such as this. Thy decree no wish to purvey corporate offerings. Lo but when thee grapes are ripe in the vat you wish to serve your timepiece in your favor by parlaying your wages to such corporate types by handing a link in the chain your daily wages for vino.
+Thus thou sayeth rightly I AM A HYPORITE
+Wow, sunpipe! That’s a world champion mixed metaphor.
+I’m still not sure how politics got legitimately dragged into this, but you’ve done it so you have to take the consequences. Since we all realize that probably a majority of restaurants are run by corporations of one size or another, I don’t see how preferring a local one over a chain is leftist or socialistic or anything like it.
+Finally: what’s a “hyporite”? Is it the antonym of “hyporong”?
+Everyone knows that these chains are designed to be discriminatory and to target middle-class areas so as to continue the growth of the industrialized murder machine known as the “meat industry.” My feelings on it are well known and I can certainly see that the poster on this website are in overwhelming agreement with me.
+I understand from relatives there, that the town of Glenville has been taken over by the radical teaparty right, and that in their lust to appease the gods of profits and “free markets,” they will allow a completely dangerous form of unfettered Bush-style capitalism to run amok. However, there are progressive candidates lining up now to sweep them out of office, who will insure the safety and lifestyle of working families, women and children.
+All that is needed to stop this sort of madness and dangerous reliance on 1% corporatist tactics is a complete and utter repudiation of what is failing Glenville and the County of Schenectady as a whole- that would obviously be the offensive and inappropriate right-wing GOP white-male, Christian power base. Blasting these one-percenters and anarchists out of office would be the right start for small eateries, cooperatives, and farm-to-table and vegetarian offerings that are so desperately needed in that small area. Locavores, vegans, and those who suffer allergies and depend on organic/non-GMO/fair trade dining options need to get out on Tuesday to make a difference for their families. Lives depend on it.
+Oh.
+Did someone spike your tofu juice?
+yeah, I agree, however, when the corporations “pay” our enlegislative branch to legislate, how do we stop this? All of your ranting and raving on this blog is important,but it has no relevance to food. I must confees that I have voiced the same concerns but I try to stay on the subject of food. Granted, I think that you and I are in accord with our collective thinking…..’nuff said.
+Freida…..I am a right wing fanatic…..
+#16, you had me until you threw in you anti Christian
+hate…it has no place in a food discussion…take it to one of you hate sites.
+Wanna know what’s fun? Even if you change “anti Christian hate” to “Pro Christian love”, your comment is just as relevant!!!
+Isn’t religion AWESOME?
+LJ…. Yes, religion is awesome, until small minded men try to “organize” it….
+I say bring it on- I hope it is a chick filet! They have those down south and the food is great for a quick and yes, CHEAP lunch. They are closed on Sunday- and yes, I know the founder isnt “gay” friendly- but it is another choice we dont have here in the capital district.
+Even chains bring jobs- this area could use some jobs and tax revenue.
+And as I always say- if you dont like the food- nobody has a gun to your head forcing you to eat there.
+Ok haters…now go…..
+It’s not a “chick filet”, Eileen.
+Enough said. (already?)
+If this KKK-inspired hate chain were to file for a business license, I can assure you that the County Legislature and the newly elected Democratic office holders in Glenville would immediately reject it and tell them to look elsewhere. All progressives are diametrically opposed to allowing Hitler Chicken to open in the region and will go all out to keep hate in check. Your suggestion is absurd, Eileen. There is no room for haters, except deep in the confines of a federal prison.
+Freida….I despise Chick-fil-A’s politics…..but now I hope they do open one locally…just to spite your fascist butt….
+whatever Frieda- you are what is WRONG with this blog.
+Willie- not sure what your probelm is..or if you have a problem??
+Have a good day everyone!
+“Chick filet” sounds like a menu item, Eileen.
+“Chick-Fil-A” is a restaurant chain.
+: June 11, 1997
+Contacts: Craig Hicks, Media Relations Officer
+Mark Parsons, Media Relations Specialist
+(202) 334-2138; Internet
+EMBARGOED: NOT FOR PUBLIC RELEASE BEFORE NOON EDT WEDNESDAY, JUNE 11
+Innovative Technologies in Toxic Waste Cleanup
+Need Federal Boost
+WASHINGTON -- Federal action is needed to bolster the use of innovative technologies in cleaning up contaminated soil and water at many of the 300,000 to 400,000 hazardous waste sites across the nation, says a new report* from a committee of the National Research Council.
+"Wider use of innovative technologies can improve cleanup of contaminated soil and ground water, but current national policy inadvertently keeps most of these technologies from making it to the marketplace," said committee chair Suresh C. Rao, graduate research professor at the University of Florida in Gainesville. "Companies responsible for cleaning up hazardous waste sites frequently choose established technologies over innovative ones, in spite of two decades of experience suggesting that at many sites such a choice leads to less than optimal cleanup. Moreover, because the expense of cleanup can be substantial, those responsible for the site often delay action, and often incur no penalty for doing so."
+The federal government, in conjunction with the states, should undertake initiatives designed to stimulate the market for innovative cleanup technologies, to spur research on such technologies, and to promote development of measures for judging the success of cleanup efforts that are based both on scientific criteria and on public perceptions and expectations, the committee said.
+Stimulating Markets
+Billions of dollars are being spent each year to clean up soil and water that has been contaminated by hazardous waste, and it is projected that total costs over the next 75 years will climb to between $500 billion and $1 trillion. But companies that market new decontamination technologies are receiving little of this business and as a result have fared poorly, the report says. To increase the demand for innovative technologies, the federal government should create incentives so that those responsible for site contamination rapidly initiate cleanup using the best available technology. At the same time, the regulatory process needs to be more consistent so that technology developers and investors can more accurately predict their potential investment returns.
+The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission should clarify and strictly enforce requirements that publicly traded U.S. corporations report hazardous waste sites as financial liabilities, the committee said. This action would encourage companies to initiate remediation rather than delay it, in order to clear their balance sheets of this liability. Moreover, companies should have their environmental liability reporting audited by a private third party in the same way their financial reports are audited. There should be strong penalties for companies that fail such audits.
+In addition, Congress should pass legislation to allow business firms to amortize the remediation liabilities they report over a 20- to 50-year period, the report says. This would ensure that companies would not risk losing a major portion of their asset value as a result of the full disclosure of cleanup liabilities.
+Action also is needed by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the committee said. The agency should be more consistent and evenhanded in enforcing cleanup requirements of the Superfund and Resource Conservation Recovery Act (RCRA) programs. Currently, companies whose sites fall under these programs can delay cleanup with little financial risk, because the likelihood of a major penalty from EPA is low. Across-the-board enforcement of Superfund and RCRA requirements would help ensure that U.S. companies who spend money on timely cleanup of contaminated soil and water would not be placed at a competitive disadvantage compared to those who "save" money by delaying cleanup at their sites. EPA should establish a national registry of contaminated sites and make it publicly available on the Internet, the report says, to provide companies with an additional incentive for rapid cleanup and to give technology developers a way to assess different segments of the environmental remediation market.
+EPA also should allow owners of contaminated sites to choose any remediation technology that can meet regulatory requirements for risk reduction and should make the approval process for selecting cleanup technologies faster and more consistent, the committee said. And the agency should encourage state environmental agencies to take similar steps.
+The average time between placing a site on the Superfund National Priorities List and actual site cleanup is 12 years, according to the Congressional Budget Office. Although technical problems at a site can cause unavoidable delays, much of the delay often can be attributed to slow action by site owners and slow approvals by regulators, the committee said. Some start-up companies featuring innovative technologies have gone out of business while awaiting the approvals necessary to use their technology at enough sites to stay solvent.
+The committee also recommended that federal site managers hire contractors to do decontamination work on a fixed-price basis and establish independent peer review panels to check progress made in reaching cleanup goals. Putting in place cost-containment and performance incentives, which currently are lacking, can speed cleanup and encourage contractors to choose innovative technologies.
+Spurring New Technologies
+Since 1980 much scientific research has been aimed at developing new decontamination technologies, with patent applications increasing from nearly zero that year to more than 430 in 1994. But few of these new ideas have been successfully commercialized. A major impediment to the transfer of promising new decontamination approaches from laboratory to widespread application has been the lack of available, peer-reviewed data on effectiveness, appropriate application, and cost, the committee said. The following efforts are needed to improve the quality and availability of information on the performance of new cleanup technologies:
+> EPA -- in collaboration with technology developers, concerned citizens, and other stakeholders -- should develop a comprehensive and easily accessible system for the collection, evaluation, and dissemination of data on decontamination technologies. A mechanism should be put in place to ensure that the data have been peer reviewed, and the data should be accessible on the Internet.
+> Government agencies, site cleanup consultants, and owners of hazardous waste sites should work to increase the sharing of information on technology performance and cost. Incentives should be developed to encourage submission of technology and cost data to the national database.
+> Government agencies, regulatory authorities, and professional organizations should undertake periodic, comprehensive peer review of innovative cleanup technologies. This will help define the state of the art, build consensus, and provide a standard for design and implementation of new remediation methods.
+In addition to better information, research is needed to increase the number of available technologies and improve the understanding and efficiency of existing methods, the committee said. Although there are relatively effective and well-understood methods for easily solved contamination problems, few technologies are available for decontaminating soil and water at the many sites that involve difficult-to-treat contaminants in complex geologic formations.
+Measuring Success
+While many sectors of the economy, such as the automotive and aerospace industries, have developed uniform standards for evaluating product performance, there are no standards for judging ground water and soil cleanup technologies.
+Performance standards should be established to streamline the process of technology selection and to remove some of the obstacles that hamper acceptance of innovative technologies, the committee said.
+EPA and state environmental regulators should begin requiring public involvement in discussions about hazardous waste site remediation as soon as the site is discovered, the committee said. A public that is well informed from the start is better prepared to participate in review of technology selection and to consider innovative methods.
+When testing the performance of a decontamination technology, developers need to consider the potential concerns of the public as well as those of regulators and customers such as site owners and managers, the report says. Developers should assess a technology by its ability to reduce contaminant mass, concentration, mobility, and toxicity.
+The study was sponsored by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Department of Energy, and Department of Defense. The National Research Council is the principal operating arm of the National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Engineering. It is a private, non-profit institution that provides science and technology advice under a congressional charter. A committee roster follows.
+*Pre-publication copies of
+Innovations in Ground Water and Soil
+Cleanup: From Concept to Commercialization Geosciences, Environment, and Resources
+Board on Radioactive Waste Management
+Water Science and Technology Board
+Committee on Innovative Remediation Technologies
+Suresh C. Rao
+(chair
+)
+Graduate Research Professor
+Soil and Water Science Department
+University of Florida
+Gainesville
+Richard Brown
+(vice chair)
+Vice President of Remediation Technology
+Fluor Daniel GTI
+Trenton, N.J.
+Richelle Allen-King
+Assistant Professor
+Department of Geology
+Washington State University
+Pullman
+William Cooper
+Director
+Drinking Water Research Center
+Florida International University
+Miami
+Wilford Gardner
+(1)
+Dean
+(retired)
+College of Natural Resources
+University of California
+Berkeley
+Michael Gollin
+Partner
+Spencer & Frank
+Washington, D.C.
+Thomas Hellman
+Vice President for Environmental Affairs
+Bristol-Myers Squibb Co.
+New York City
+Diane Heminway
+Western New York Coordinator
+Citizens' Environmental Coalition
+Medina, N.Y.
+Richard Luthy
+Professor and Former Head
+Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering
+Carnegie Mellon University
+Pittsburgh
+Roger Olsen
+Vice President and Senior Geochemist
+Camp Dresser & McKee
+Denver
+Philip Palmer
+Senior Environmental Fellow
+Core Resources Section of the Corporate Remediation Group
+DuPont Specialty Chemicals
+Wilmington, Del.
+Frederick Pohland
+(2)
+Edward R. Weidlein Chair of Environmental Engineering and Professor of Civil Engineering
+University of Pittsburgh
+Ann Rappaport
+Assistant Professor
+Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering
+Tufts University
+Medford, Mass.
+Martin Sara
+Principal Hydrogeologist
+RUST Environment & Infrastructure
+Oak Brook, Ill.
+Dag Syrrist
+Partner
+Vision Capital
+Boston; and
+Former Manager of Environmental Operations
+and Principal Industry Liaison, Environmental Finance Group*
+Technology Funding Inc.
+San Mateo, Calif.
+Brian Wagner
+Research Hydrologist
+U.S. Geological Survey
+Menlo Park, Calif.
+RESEARCH COUNCIL STAFF
+Jacqueline MacDonald
+Study Director
+(1)
+Member, National Academy of Sciences
+(2)
+Member, National Academy of Engineering
+(*)
+through March 1997
+Sexual Health Birth Control Prescription Options Print Should You Use the Ortho Evra Patch? By Dawn Stacey, PhD, LMHC | Updated March 12, 2019 In This Article Table of Contents Expand Overview Cost Effectiveness Advantages Disadvantages Side Effects Warnings Prescription Other Questions View All Back To Top IAN HOOTON/Science Photo Library/Getty Images More in Birth Control Prescription Options How to Choose Contraception Using the Pill Over-the-Counter Types of IUDs Hormonal Methods Permanent Methods Emergency Contraception Condoms When Birth Control Fails Talking About Birth Control View All Your doctor may have recommended the Ortho Evra patch or you may have read about this option for birth control. How does the birth control patch work and what are some of the advantages and disadvantages relative to other methods of contraception? What are the possible side effects? Overview The Ortho Evra Patch is the first weekly form of hormonal birth control. It is a discreet and reversible type of prescription contraception that comes in a 4x4-cm thin, smooth, beige, plastic patch that sticks to a woman’s skin. How Is It Used? The Ortho Evra Patch consists of patches which you place on your skin for 7 days for three consecutive weeks each month. The fourth week you do not need to put on a patch, and during this time you will usually get your period. This is similar to many types of combination birth control pills, with the exception that you take pills for 21 days (and possibly a placebo for the last 7 days) instead of applying a patch each week for those 21 days. The patch can be worn on one of four different areas of the body including your: Upper outer armAbdomenButtocksUpper torso (front or back, excluding your breasts) It does not matter which of these locations you use, but a woman should wear the patch on a different area of her body each week. You may choose the location to place your patch based on your wardrobe choices and what feels best to you. How Does It Work? The Ortho Evra patch is designed to continuously release a steady flow of synthetic estrogen (ethinyl estradiol) and a type of progestin (norelgestromin) through the skin and into the bloodstream to protect against pregnancy for 7 days (which is why a woman must replace it after each week). The Ortho Evra patch contains the same types of hormones found in the pill. The patch is simple, convenient, and safeWith the patch, you don't have to take a daily pill, so it’s one less thing to think about each dayThe patch is usually comfortable and discreetIt is reversible and the ability to become pregnant returns quickly after stopping the useYou can do everything you normally do and know that the patch is right there, doing its jobThe Ortho Evra Patch does not interfere with having sex and can allow for more spontaneityMany who use the patch report having regular, lighter, and shorter periodsOrtho Evra easily adheres to the skin and does not prevent activities such as bathing, showering, swimming, and exercisingYou can use your patches to skip your periodOvarian cystsOvarian cancerHirsutism (excess facial hair)Ectopic pregnancyPremenstrual dysphoric disorder and depressionUterine cancerNoncancerous breast tumorsAcneMenstrual migrainesAnemia (an iron deficiency that results from heavy periods)OsteoporosisChanges in sexual desireWorsening of depression for those who have a history of depression Skin reactions at the site of patch applicationMood changesHeadachesBleeding between periodsBreast tendernessNausea (sometimes with vomiting)Women who use the birth control patch are exposed to around 60 percent more estrogen than those who take a typical birth control pill. This increased estrogen exposure may increase the risk of side effects for those using the patch.Related to this increased estrogen level, the risk of blood clots in the legs (and the subsequent risk of pulmonary embolism which can occur when clots break off and travel to the lungs) may be higher with the patch when compared to a typical birth control pill containing 35 mcg of estrogen. The risk of blood clots is about twice as high on the patch as with a typical birth control pill, but the overall risk of blood clots is relatively low with either method.There is also a slightly higher risk of breast tenderness on the patch relative to that on the birth control pill. Who Can Use It? The Ortho Evra patch is a safe method of birth control for many women, though there are times when a different form of birth control is preferred. The patch is not recommended for women who: Are over the age of 35 and smoke cigarettesHave had a heart attack or strokeHave uncontrolled high blood pressureHave had an abnormal growth or cancer of the breastHave controlled high blood pressure and smoke cigarettes (learn more about birth control pills/patches and high blood pressure)Have had blood clots (venous embolism) or a pulmonary embolismHave liver disease or liver growthsHave had serious heart valve problemsHave certain inherited blood clotting disordersMay be pregnant Cost Prices vary, but the typical cost for the patch is in preventing pregnancy. This means that with perfect use, less than 1 out of every 100 women who use the patch will become pregnant. With typical use, 8 out of every 100 women who use the patch will become pregnant. Certain medications can decrease the effectiveness of birth control pills or patches. This includes drugs such as commonly used antibiotics so it's important to talk to your doctor about any medications you are taking as well as any new medications which you may be prescribed after starting the patch. The patch might be less effective for overweight women (those who weigh more than 198 pounds.) The effectiveness of the Ortho Evra Patch can also be lowered due to user error. A woman may be more at risk for pregnancy if: The patch falls off and is not replaced within 24 hoursA woman forgets to change the patch each weekIf the patch is not stored at room temperatureIf the patch is not kept keep sealed until it is appliedThe woman tries to reapply a patch that is no longer sticky, has been stuck to itself or another surface has other material stuck to it, or has become loose and fallen off before. Advantages There are several advantages of using the Ortho Evra patch relative to other forms of birth control. These include: Non-Contraceptive Advantages: We now know that there are several non-contraceptive benefits of combination birth control pills, and this likely holds true for the Ortho Evra patch as well. Some of these additional benefits may include protection against: Disadvantages Compared with other forms of birth control, the patch may result in: Side Effects There is a low incidence of side effects for those women who choose to use the Ortho Evra patch, but it is important to be familiar with these before starting treatment. Fortunately, many of these side effects will improve or disappear after you have been using the patch for two to three months. Possible side effects include: Warnings While many of the pros, cons, and side effects of the Ortho Evra patch are similar to traditional birth control pills, there are a few important differences as well. The hormones which enter the bloodstream via patches are removed from the body differently than those from pills taken by mouth. Prescription The Ortho Evra patch is available only by prescription and requires a medical evaluation and blood pressure reading from a physician. Many physicians also recommend an up to date Pap smear before prescribing hormonal contraception. Other Questions What If Your Ortho Evra Patch Falls Off? In research studies, less than 2 percent of patches came off and less than 3 percent of patches loosened. If the patch has been off for less than 24 hours, you can usually reattach it (as long as it is still sticky.) If it has been over 24 hours, you will need to use a new patch. You should also use a backup form of birth control for the rest of the month. If you forget to change your patch, instructions will vary depending on which patch you are using (1, 2, or 3,) but it is wise to use a backup form of birth control for the entire month. Can You Skip Periods? One of the advantages of birth control pills is that they can sometimes be used to stop your period allowing you the freedom to skip your period during an upcoming vacation, for a special event or even hiking in grizzly bear country. What About Showering or Swimming? You should be able to shower or swim without problems while using the Ortho Evra patch. If your patch does fall off, however, make sure to reapply a patch within 24 hours. When this occurs, it may be preferable to use a new patch (make sure to get a replacement from your pharmacist) rather than re-using the patch which fell off, since it may no longer stick to your skin. A Word from Verywell The Ortho Evra patch provides yet another form of hormonal contraception in which you only need to think about your birth control once a week. There are several advantages as well as some disadvantages of using hormonal contraception. Your estrogen levels may be higher when using the patch than with a typical birth control pill. Since the risk of blood clots increases with estrogen dose, it's important to be aware of this potential risk. Like birth control pills, the Ortho Evra patch offers no protection against sexually transmitted diseases. If you may be at risk for STDs, it's important to always use condoms along with your birth control patches. Galzote, R., Rafie, S., Teal, R., and S. Mody. Transdermal Delivery of Combined Hormonal Contraception: A Review of the Current Literature. International Journal of Women’s Health. 2017. 9:315-321. Raymond, E., Burke, A., and E. Espey. Combined Hormonal Contraceptives and Venous Thromboembolism: Putting the Risks into Perspective. Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2012. 119(5):1039-44. Continue Reading
+Thomas Rude sent this in.
+FLORIDA
+Orlando-I Believe in Wrestling at the Team Vision Dojo: Josh Hess pinned Marc Sebire…C.J. O’Doyle pinned Willie Brown…Rhett Giddins pinned Chico Adams…Brandon Scherer & Joey Mayberry defeated Santana Garrett & Gabriel Black…Leo Brien pinned Jason Cade…Lince Dorado pinned Mike Patrick…Chasyn Rance pinned Aaron Epic. (11/15/14)
+ILLINOIS
+Bourdonnais-CSW Southland Wrestling at the Legends Sportsplex: Magic Mike Wendorf & Tony Briggs defeated Brad Kevins & Beau Anderson…Tri-State Air Strike (Colin Smith & Chris Miller) defeated Pretty Boy Preston & Kid Twist…Acid Jaz pinned Colin Cambridge…Gino Latino vs. Deuce Tray went to a Time-Limit Draw…Marco Anthony pinned The Lunatic…Steve Boz pinned Ruff Crossing…Hunter Paine pinned Sean Mulligan…Marshe Rockett pinned Al Snow. (11/15/14)
+Loves Park-Stateline Pro Wrestling at the Fusion Sports Center: Chris Ames pinned Mason Chops…Marcello Spade pinned Tommaso Ciampa…Seduce & Destroy defeated The Beast & Jack Carpenter…Justice Jones pinned Rhino…Kongo Kong pinned Williams Jacobs…Martyr defeated Sunny Ago by Referee Stoppage…Vic Capri pinned Mikey Wild…Jake Austin defeated The Trouble Makers in a 2-On-1 Match…Sabu defeated Nick Cutler & Ruff Crossing in a No DQ Match. (10/31/14)
+Villa Park-GALLI Lucha Libre at the GALL Arena: Pentagono & Alas De Fuego defeated Destructor Alfa & El Payaso GALLI…GPA defeated Will Dolla & Draconis in a Triple Threat Match…2 Hot 4 U (Chico Suave & Encantador Valentino) defeated El Traidor & Atomico…International Assassins (Gavilan & El Kunai Silencio) defeated The Syndicate (Jesus Bryce & Barry Ryte)…La Maldiion (Mojo McQueen & Ovirload) defeated Dark Scorpion & Marshe Rockett. (11/9/14)
+Villa Park-GALLI Lucha Libre at the GALLI Arena: Soul Touchaz (Willie Richardson & Marshe Rockett) defeated Beauty & the Beast (Stevie Fierce & Rob Matter)…International Assassins (Gavilan & Kunai Silencio) defeated 2 Hot 4 U (Chico Suave & Encantador Valentino), La Maldiion (Mojo McQueen & Ovirload) and The Four Star Heroes (Matt Kniccks & Chris Castro) in a Fatal Four-Way Match…Furia Rojo pinned Draconis…GPA & Acid Jaz defeated The Syndicate (Barry Ryte & Jesus Bryce)…Team GALLI (Alas De Fuego, Cruz De Angel, Destructor Jr. & Atomico) defeated Team ELLMEX (Blue Inferno, Cuscatleco, Destructor Sr. & Imperio Azteca) in a No-DQ Match…Dark Scorpion & Mason Conrad defeated Mike Anthony & Will Dolla by DQ…Ricky Cruz pinned Discovery. (11/16/14)
+NEW JERSEY
+Manville-Jersey Championship Wrestling at the VFW Hall: Chris Sabin defeated Brian Myers, Grim Reefer & Bandido Jr. in the J-Cup Qualifier…Joey Janella defeated Jaka, Lance A’noai & Steve Scott in the J-Cup Qualifier…Teddy Hart defeated Shane Strickland, Jigsaw & Frightmare in the J-Cup Qualifier…Chris Dickinson defeated Pinkie Sanchez, Lucky 13 & Sabu in the J-Cup Qualifier…Joey Janella pinned Shane Strickland (replacing Teddy Hart) to advance to the J-Cup Finals…Chris Dickinson pinned Chris Sabin to advance to the J-Cup Finals…Myke Quest & Eric Corvis defeated Cono & Nate Mustang…Chris Dickinson pinned Joey Janella to win the 2014 Jersey J-Cup. (11/14/14)
+NEW YORK
+Delanson-In Your Face Wrestling at the Duanesburg Area Community Center: Vigo won the In Your Face Wrestling Rumble…Maximo Suave pinned Dewey Murray…Fronz Roddy & Bobby Ocean defeated The Savage Wolves (CJ Scott & Damon Ravage)…SGT. Fury pinned Ronnie Ribbs…Elite Terrell pinned Ricky Williams to become the new In Your face Wrestling New Breed Champion…The Rochester Wrecking Crew (Hellcat & Rob Sweet) defeated The Knockout Gang (Jamar Justice & Gabreal Soul) by DQ…Roman Dominguez defeated Shane Douglas by Referee Stoppage…Drake Evans defeated Chip Stetson in a Steel Cage Match. (11/15/14)
+PENNSYLVANIA
+Stevens-Atomic Championship Wrestling at the Stevens Fire Department: Ray Torres pinned CJ Cruz…Rob Noxious pinned J-Money…Ryan Sawyer defeated Mark Mest, Malcolm King & Tommy Hourglass…Rebel pinned Officer David Hatfield…Adam Anthrax & Justin McCoy defeated Big Frank & Chi-Town Beast…The Monster Squad defeated The League (Billy Ray & Jimmy Lyon)…The Scarecrow pinned Scotty Jefferys to become the new ACW Cruiserweight Champion…Jason Gotti & Ace Klopinski defeated Pretty in Pink to become the new ACW Tag Team Champions…Oxx Hogg defeated Sabu by DQ. (11/1/14)
+TENNESSEE
+Jasper-AIWF Young Blood Wrestling at the YBW Arena: L’l Bink pinned Cra-Z-C…Mikey G pinned Cousin Jed…The Bruise Brothers (R.J. Starr & Bart Marverick) vs. Young&Reckless (Brandon Young & Freddie Reckless) went to a Time-Limit Draw…Adam Powers pinned Maniac…Eric Michael’s, Jason Williams & Marc Slayton defeated Blood-4-Blood (Sinister & Acid) & Thomas Cage in a Six-Man Tag Team Match. (11/1/14)
+Jasper-AIWF Young Blood Wrestling at the YBW Arena: Maniac defeated Mikey G & Jason Williams in a 3-Man Elimination Match…Acid pinned L’l Bink…The Bruise Brothers (R.J. Starr & Bart Maverick) defeated Jed & Thomas Cage…Eric Micheal’s pinned Sinister. (11/8/14)
+Jasper-AIWF Young Blood Wrestling at the YBW Arena: Jason Williams pinned Cra-Z-C…The Bruise Bros. (R.J. Starr & Bart Maverick) defeated Maniac & L’l Bink…Eric Michael’s pinned Freddy Reckless…Dogs of War (Johnny Pain & Thomas Cage) & Mikey G defeated Blood-4-Blood (Sinister & Acid) & Jed. (11/15/14)
+Lewisburg-All Star Wrestling at the House of Pain: Aaron Plague pinned Homie D…Cody Morton defeated Mikey Dunn by DQ…Shane Morton pinned Ray Dunnavant…Larry Cooter pinned Shaun Fatal…Ringmaster & Davvid Morton defeated Jeremiah Plunkett & Shawn Hoodrich. (11/8/14)
+Lewisburg-All Star Wrestling at the House of Pain: Aaron Plague defeated Michael Dunn & Ray Dunnavant in a Triple Threat Match…Homie D pinned The Devils Advocate…Shane Morton pinned Mikey Dunn…David & Cody Morton defeated Shaun Fatal & Larry Cooter to become the new ASW Tag Team Champions…Lawrence defeated Shawn Hoodrich by Submission. (11/15/14)
+CANADA
+Winnepeg, MB-Canadian Wrestling’s Elite at Rookie’s Sports Bar: Kory Kinkade pinned Stefan Epic…Kevy Chevy pinned Adam Race…Dick Blood pinned Ryan Starr…Billy Blaze pinned Moses Luke…Danny Duggan defeated Bobby Collins in a Bar Room Brawl Match…Dick Blood & Billy Blaze defeated Ryan Starr & Moses Luke. (11/8/14)
+ENGLAND
+Aberdeen-Wrestlezone Wrestling at the Ferryhill Community Centre: Scotty Swift defeated Chris Archer & The Alpha Male in a 2-on-1 Handicap Match…Jackie Polo defeated Lord Alan Sterling & Kaden Garrick in a Triple Threat…The Malystos defeated Los Cystos…Bryan Tucker (representing The Hotshots) defeated Thunder Buddies & Revolution to become the new Wrestlezone Tag Team Champions in a Three-Way Tornado Tag Team Match…Jeeves Winchester pinned Mr. P…Crusher Craib pinned Aspen Faith. (11/1/14)
+Colchester-XWA Wrestling at the Liquid & Envy Nightbulb: Sumerian Death Squad defeated Paul Robinson & RJ Singh…Rhia O’Reilly pinned Addy Starr…Doug Williams pinned Brian Kendrick…Nikki Storm pinned Pollyanna…Sam Nayler defeated Jonny Storm & Danny Blaze in a Triple Threat Match…Kay Lee Ray defeated Jimmy Havoc in a Hardcore Match…Damo O’Connor defeated Paul London & Martin Stone in a Triple Threat Match. (11/1/14)
+Darlington-Tidal Championship Wrestling at the Dolphin Centre: HT Drake pinned The Dragon…Dave Carbon defeated Perfect Purdie & Robbie Ryder in a Triple Threat Match…El Ligero & Noam Dar defeated The Bucky Boys…Kay Lee Ray defeated Ruby Summers & Nixon Newell in a Triple Threat Match…Sebastian Redclaw pinned Jainus Centurion…Liam Lazarus pinned Mark Andrews…Rampage Brown pinned Stixx. (11/7/14)
+Greenock-Premier British Wrestling at the Town Hall: BT Gunn pinned Jack Jester…TJ Rage pinned Wolfgang…Davey Blaze pinned Grado…Kenny Williams defeated Martin Kirby, Lou King Sharp, Sean Maxer, Liam Thomson & Stevie Xavier to win the King of Cruisers 2014…James Scott pinned Noam Dar…El Ligero pinned Rampage Brown. (11/1/14)
+Leicester-Leicester Championship Wrestling at the Brockington College: White Tiger pinned T.K. Hawyard…H.C. Dyer pinned Stixx…Jack Starz & Jimmy Meadows defeated The Hunter Bros…Jurgen Heimlich pinned Chris Tyler…Joseph Conners pinned Dan Moloney…Paul Malen pinned Alex Gracie. (11/1/14)
+London-British Empire Wrestling at the Tooting Market: Adam Mansfield pinned Layton Cole…Paul McSherry pinned Kyle Ashmore…Jigsaw Joe defeated Paul Barnett & HeadCase in a No DQ/Triple Threat Match…Prime Time Crew defeated The Punked Out. (11/1/14)
+London-Progress Wrestling at the Bedford: Eddie Dennis defeated Pantera Negro & Super Oktane in a Triple Threat Match…Darrell Allen pinned Sebastian…Jimmy Havoc pinned Pastor William Eaver…Damon Moser & Jon Ryan defeated Angels of Retribution…Earl Black Jr. pinned Chuck Mambo…Ali Armstrong vs. OMEGA ended in a No-Contest in a Lumberperson Match. (11/2/14)
+Mansfield-House of Pain Wrestling at the Forest Town Welfare: Robert X pinned Zak Northern…Sam Wilder pinned Damian Dunne…Matt Myers pinned Barricade…Tyler Bate pinned CJ Banks…LJ Heron vs. Ryan Smile went to a Double Count-Out…Mikey Whiplash pinned Ashton Smith…The Hooligans defeated The Hunter Bros. (11/1/14)
+Morecambe-PAID Promotions at the Winter Gardens: El Ligero defeated Damian Dunne, Ryan Smile & Chris Ridgeway in a Fatal Four-Way Match…Cyanide pinned Bubblegum…Dave Mastiff pinned CJ Banks…Viper pinned Kasey Owens…Ricky J. McKenzie defeated Craig Kollins by DQ. (11/2/14)
+Newtonhill-Wrestlezone Wrestling at the Bettridge Centre: William Sterling pinned Bryan Tucker…Kaden Garrick pinned Super Executioner…Los Cystos pinned The Malystos…Damien pinned Blue Thunder…Shawn Johnson pinned Johnny Lions…Crusher Craib, Scotty Swift & Mr. P defeated Chris Archer, Aspen Faith & The Alpha Male in a Six-Man Tag Team Match. (11/7/14)
+Preston-Preston City Wrestling at the Evoque: Charlie Garrett defeated Rich Swann, Zack Gibson & Tyler Bate in a Four-Way Match…Team Single (Rampage Brown & T-Bone) defeated The Hunter Bros…Bubblegum pinned Martin Kirby…Mad Man Manson & Dave Rayne vs Paul London & Brian Kendrick in a No-Contest…Uhaa Nation pinned Joey Hayes…Noam Dar pinned Charlie Garrett…El Ligero pinned Mad Man Manson…Chris Masters defeated Dave Mastiff by Submission. (10/31/14)
+Prestwich-Futureshock Wrestling at the Longfield Suite: Sam Bailey pinned Noah to advance to the 2014 Trophy Tournament…Damon Leigh pinned Dave Rayne to advance to the 2014 Trophy Tournament…Danni Hunter vs. Lana Austin went to a No Contest…T-Bone pinned Mark Massa to advance to the 2014 Trophy Tournament…Cyanide pinned Uhaa Nation to advance to the 2014 Trophy Tournament…Soner Durson defeated Sparxx & Henry T. Grodd in a Triple Threat Match…The Models defeated The Blackpool Blonds…Xander Cooper pinned Jack Gallagher. (11/1/14)
+SCOTLAND
+Glasgow-Insane Championship Wrestling at the Barrowlands: Kenny Williams defeated Big Damo, Kid Fite & Joe Hendry in a Four-Way Match…Liam Thomson & Carmel defeated Stevie Boy & Kay Lee Ray in a 2-Out-Of-3 Falls Match…Sumerian Death Squad (Tommy End, Michael Dante & Mikey Whiplash) defeated New Age Kliq (Chris Renfrew, Darkside & Dickie Divers)…BT Gunn vs. Wolfgang went to a Draw…Polo Promotions defeated Paul London & Brian Kendrick to become the new ICW Tag Team Champions…Joe Coffey pinned Noam Dar in a Best-of-Five Series…Sha Samuels pinned Grado…Drew Galloway pinned Jack Jester to become the new ICW Heavyweight Champion. (11/2/14)
+chinese woman sex
+single man
+married and horney
+Horny Adult Sex Dating - Sexy girl looking to suck.
+swinger ads
+TOP
+Stella
+Single | Wants sexual dating | Mariposa
+I am a good man seeking a good woman..
+Hey :-) Just looking for someone that wants to start off as friends and see where it leads. I'm verydate with blonde boys from Antrim outgoing, who is in Travemünde and wants 2 fuck discovering new things,
+adult flirting Calvia women and just enjoying life. I'm not into drama. I would like someone who for the most part have their life together. I work, drive, and have no and prefer the same from you. I'm not a chauffeur... Lol. I love to laugh and know how to have a conversation. You must be too. And SINGLE men only please lol. Also, I'm black (if race matters to you but doesn't to me) and on the chubby side :-) anyways, your gets mine. I'm NOT looking for a friend with benefits or a xxx night stand. I know there's a section for that.
+Horny lady ready spanish dating site
+Phillis | I am looking sex
+Single Black Female Seeking Attractive. The Best of Friends Hey Fellas:) I am seeking a great friendship with a male. I am a x yr old black female, free sex chatting channel Claremont South Dakota and Im currently in a relationship. I just want someone geniune and down to earth to chat with. PLEASE NO DRAMA..... Citgo Cashier Diamond Springs/Bayside Rd I bought cigarettes from you today. I wanted to tell you how pretty I thought you were, but I was in a rush. You did mess up on the register but I forgave ya :) Its a long shot, but I hope you see this Reply with the brand of cigarettes I bought
+seeking mature Phoenix student
+Swinger women seeking sex parties
+Very big cummer here for female to cum on. Horney wives want hot moms naked married women in Cassadaga divorced lady searching dating girls.
+Tweet
+Susan | Search sex contacts
+Hot Married Guy for Hot Married Chick. If you have body tats I would enjoy to go hiking with you and after full fill our dirty desires. I know you wont be dissaticfied. Be ddf. Kisses! Attractive, Intelligent, Classy, African Am. Lady seeking White Male Attractive, Intelligent, Classy, Jazzy African American Lady - Looking for White Male ages x - x , who is hard working,
+bernese mountain dog lover
+horny girl Bible College Minnesota chapel outgoing, respectable. I like fine dining, concerts, cooking, Wakeman woman to fuck weekend trips, casinos, etc. and etc.
+Find Jerico springs, MO Swingers sex, milfs galleries, Swinger couples seeking sex
+Local single looking girls down to fuck
+Trade for amateur women sex. Adult hot want dating asians looking for something that is not that Murray City grand woman wants nude couples flirting.
+Tweet
+Rebekah | Search couples
+Beautiful African American Woman at LA Fitness PG Plaza. I have learnt alot of new tricks and want someone to teach me some more. When it comes to a man I need xxx who loves to get kinky and wants to explore this with me further. Men always have trouble looking me in the eye when they have my gorgeous breasts to look at. I really am into men that know how to get freaky in the bedroom and I have very few no nos. Alot of men can't get enough of the whole mff action scene well either can I. I'd love to hear from any guys who want some kinky fun.
+Ortley couple seeking a Ortley girl
+Sexy hot girls ready find sex friend
+Hot blonde looking for ho ft NSA hook up. Horny older woman search single chat elk Boca Raton girls looking men someone to fuck wants hooker sex.
+Tweet
+Black ladies wanting spanish dating hot naked women on haulover Arlington Heights
+Deirdre | I am wanting sexual dating
+The sexiest chinese woman in Bogota. Cheyenne Mountain Zoo, who wants to go with me? I want to go to the Cheyenne Mountain Zoo on either thursday or friday this week, i have never been there and really want to go. I really want to find someone nice to go with me, i am offering to drive, fucking California ladies (i just got a sweet new car) so its going to be a comfortable hour and half drive I am x so i prefer you being x - x I am looking for Angela Ann of Jacksonville I lost contact with you in June x .
+Swingers in rosemead ca.
+Erotic woman want whos fucking
+Horny looking to pound bbw or thick chick. Adults friends wants european dating Provo Utah swinger chat room .
+Tweet
+Lets fuck around till ad dose down.
+lonely women in Virginia
+I want to meet a plus size woman.
+Kassandra sexy women
+Im amatuer porn and want an older women. Camperville Manitoba nsa Camperville Manitoba
+Call amature nudes
+random vegas trip today HEY COOL ASS x CHICK HERE GETTING READY TO GO VEGAS TODAY IT WAS LAST MINUTE.SO A LOT OF MY FRIENDS CANT MAKE IT.SO ANY DOWN ASS PARTY GIRLS DOWN TO ROLL TO VEGAS TODAY HIT ME UP.THIS IS REAL NO OR ANYTHING JUST A COOL ASS CHICK LOOKING FOR SOME COOL ASS GIRLS.IM TOTALLY STRAIGHT.I WILL DRIVE U NEED MONEY FOR FOOD GAS AND FUN.OH YES AND IM BLK JUST IN CASE IT MATTERS.
+Bored Married male 4 bored married female.
+goth swingers wanted
+Horny girls ready local horney wives Looking for the DL guys.
+GL Male looking to go down swingers seniors female.
+hot fucks Las Cruces New Mexico iwa
+Ocala MILFS or Big Knockers.
+Sensual massage for wife.
+boating on the Wilmington Delaware friend
+Blonde women looking date websites
+Beautiful woman at Crispers.
+friends on campus
+Nsa erotic sexy women wanting sex.
+Why dont you want NSA Oral?.
+who need a big 48187 dick
+People searching adult sex toys Lonely Man for Hispanic Woman.
+Craving to suck a nice dick.
+local moms need cock 711 Bakersfield
+Tennis hottie marcus cafe Thursday 4 26.
+Atypical girl seeks atypical guy, for enjoying life.
+real Wytheville real repost
+Horny housewives seeking connecting singles The one that I think of.
+Woman Man platime or ride.
+Find Calhan, CO Swingers sex, milfs galleries, Swinger couples seeking sex
+Swf Seeking?single and avail.
+NSA fun tonight message me i text too.
+Lonely horny wives in Kentucky
+Old married women want swinger party Looking, only sexy apply.
+Fuck sluts tonight and Hung get U SPrung.
+seeking mature Phoenix student
+Looking for something ongoing?
+Looking to give massage women only.
+looking for a chick to fuck Purdys New York
+Bbw girl search mature xxx
+Any real women interested?.
+looking for hot women in Lexington
+White professional male seeks black female.
+Im in need of some NSA entertainment.
+adult dating cairns qld
+Bitches want sex mature
+Older Black Woman Looking For FWB NSA.
+Find Calhan, CO Swingers sex, milfs galleries, Swinger couples seeking sex
+Arabic man 30 looking for friendship.
+GOOOOOOD PUSSY muscular female adult personalss.
+metrodate com free toronto dating service
+Old horney looking swingers parties Saw you in your convertible!
+Looking for a dominant Woman.
+women of Syracuse New York ohio
+Looking for Find me blindfolded.
+Fun, Hot WM for NSA Tonight.
+swm looking for Japan women
+Grand woman want free discreet dating
+Latino Looking For Friends.
+seeking mature Phoenix student
+Single white male citycountry.
+Two seeking a bottom for fun.
+Live sex sex clubs charleston sc. Swinging.
+Local married wanting free phone sex Im a looking for hot grannies TYPE.
+Lunch today with intelligent, attractive, married?.
+sexy Independence Missouri desperate lonely women 4 hot sex
+TOnight hosting For HOrny lady!
+Sex partner seeking swinger senior
+Ultra Nerd, seeking intelegent same.. Fat woman wanting casual encounter sites
+aa couple wants to be fucked
+I want to watch you use your pussy pump!.
+big tall strong man wanted
+Looking to unload on the West Side.
+Looking for good friends and fun times!. Old ladies want women wanting a fuck
+Tulsa Oklahoma horney girls
+Seeking exotic asian male to tango with me in my boudoir.
+Henderson Nevada women girls look
+Wow just looking for a tall handsome man.
+Looking for friendship and then LTR 48-55. Swinger wife wants lonely looking for sex
+Married but looking in Conejos CO
+Just want to lick your ass and pusssy!
+Any females wanting to experience a fat amature womens hole.
+Seeking full figured women.
+Wanted Attractive Professional Woman for True FWB. Man searching black dating
+girl seeks first Reno fuck
+Looking for Wife & Husband Boyfriend.
+Single ladies come look.
+Bi female seeking another Bi female.
+Chatroulette old version seeks sub slut to use and train. Married couple search dating singles
+free naked women bloomington mn
+Cold night text friend possibly bestfriend.
+Lookint for female roommate fuck buddy.
+free sex in Cherokee
+Looking for cool lady friend.
+Muscular amateurs swingers slave wants a woman in charge. Discreet married women want online dating single
+long dick needs long bj
+No More Baggage.
+Looking for laughs and relaxing in a relationship.
+Seeking new friend, activity partner.
+Lovely brown skin lady seeking genuine guy. Couple searching naked ladies
+hot fucks Las Cruces New Mexico iwa
+Hardees around 10 am.
+Wealthy hot man looking for love.
+More black eyes since granny amateurs swinger then in life.
+Lonely Asian women looking for friend. Married wives seeking looking for good fuck
+Horny women in Van Horn, TX
+Going up north and looking for female companionship.
+girls in Hilo1 Hawaii looking to suck dick
+In meetings but I wish that I was between your legs.
+Seeking an older educated man. Old woman searching cheating women
+Tulsa Oklahoma horney girls
+Fuck me Hardcore 5 to 8 times.
+mature discreet sex affairs in Mortlake
+SEXY LATINO LOOKING FOR FEMALE FRIENDS TO CHILL, HAVE SOME BREWSKYS.
+Looking for someone awesome to hang out with tonight. Lonely women wanting girls searching for sex
+El dorado AR bi horny wives
+Seeking oral from a lady.
+lonely women in Riverside
+I want a older mature woman.
+Seeking attractive lady to suck my dick. Married swingers wanting date a cougar tonight
+Horny women in Van Horn, TX
+Is anyone real and want to fuck.
+Horny teen looking for good time.
+Needing a big girl bbw or ssbbw.
+A fuck buddies wv Moment. Naughty woman searching sex fucking
+Ortley couple seeking a Ortley girl
+I want my gay best friend.
+Male after NSA, I can Host..
+Juneau Alaska beer day fuck
+Latina looking for stud ONLY.
+Need Want to get gay married?. Lonely senior want over 40 swingers
+seeking mature Phoenix student
+Do u like being eaten out.
+Man looking for women F.W.B.
+Looking 4 a woman who is into the outdoors.
+Hard Athletic Man Seeking Attractive Female For adault granny sex PowerFucking.
+outdoor sex Clearwater
+NSA fun any from now till tommorow night.
+sex and adult
+Looking for a good philippineo women. mature sex personals in Wukupa
+i need a woman s Spokane Washington of view
+Looking for a massage Hi , I am looking for a massage from an older woman .. x or older. Looking for the same Wanna be my lover? Can you ride my hips until I'm satisfied? Looking for hookup with hunk now. bored Hey there,
+Mohawk NY cheating wives
+online Corydon woman wants to fuck coming to town next week for a bit of work Tired of never having anything to do in these small towns. Anyone want to get dinner, sexe date in Michigan movie, whatever. Let me know. I am married, just bored.
+Marine new to the area looking for a sexy girl.
+Campo CA bi horny wives
+VERY SHY MAN NEEDS A WOMAN WHO CAN PUSH ME.
+married but looking Ivel Kentucky wood
+Seaking white women looking for black cock and willing. horny male Bayatkoy
+looking for some personal stexting
+Mischievous buddy MWM HWP Well it should be a nice summer. Looking for a mischievous woman for socializing in the afternoons to break up the long day. I want you to come HARD I want to walk through your door and start kissing you. Deep, passionate kisses, running my fingers through your hair and having you nibble on my neck. I will take you to your bedroom where I will take your top off but leave your panties on.. I will pin you down on the bed and begin to again kiss and lightly caress you all over. Your neck. Your breasts. Your . Your legs. I will pass my hand slightly along your pleasure lines, making you squirm with anticipation. Then I will kiss slowly down your body until I get to your belly button. Then slowly, sensuously slip your pants and panties off. I'll move to your inner thighs, and start kissing them , moving up towards your wet . By the time I get there, your pussy will be soaked,
+Kapuskasing wednesday night
+amateurs women from Cocoa and you will be begging for me to put your clit in my mouth. Once I've started, single bbw Wigan I will lick your throbbing pussy in the shape of the letters in your name slowly. As you start to grind on my face and scratch up my back, I will slip a single finger in and just press a little on your g- . I will continue to work your clit and g- until you have your first series of . After that, I will lie on my back, and you will straddle me in a lb good looking SWM D&D free looking for a woman who knows what she wants. Curvy is great, but if you've eaten yourself obese, please don't reply. x . No dudes, No bullshit ;)
+Seeking for LTR age .40 70.
+seeking local woman 40ish who
+Horny guy looking for horny girls.
+North Haven women who want sex now
+Im in the mood 4 a bbw to stop by. mature Rhode island pussy
+Bored? Want to hang out? Single,
+swingers phone chat in Southeast Arcadia CDP x down to earth hard working professional looking to have fun this weekend! I always date outside my race, so dont be shy about sending a reply! I just want some company to go out to a sports bar, movie, etc. Looking for a guy ages x - x with a great sense of humor, honest, working, and just enjoys good company. Im x ' x size x so if your looking for a toothpick then Im not the girl for you. Please be serious about meeting, xxx personals Ontario Im not sending tons of pictures of myself if your serious about meeting in person. If I give you my number that means you want to go out TONIGHT. Hope to hear from you soon!
+Curvacios, Thick Female in Northeast Philadelphia.Times are Rough for me and I need a REAL MAN to be there for me. As of now, I prefer a SUGAR DADDY -�a wealthy older man who gives a young person money and gifts in return for friendship or intimacy.I prefer a CaucasianAmerican Mandont bother replying unless you are the real dealYour pic gets Mine Chocolate Pleaser looking to Please: Seeking xxx Sexy Sista To the xxx sexy, sensual, and sultry SISTA I seek, I am a black, bald, and attractive man who is all about pleasing his partner. My goal in an encounter is to take my time... every touch, taste, and feeling...complete every thing I have started...and let her movements, sounds, and expressions tell me she's pleased. I am simple in that I know if I do my job well, she will gladly do her job also. I am seeking a sexy,sex massage adult free ads 90660 confident,
+adult web chat Grenada who is in Travemünde and wants 2 fuck curvy, and uninhibited SISTA who is ready to meet, , and live in the moment of safe, sane, yet intense sex. I do not hide what I seek and you shouldn't either. If you're a mature woman, secure,sex massage adult free ads 90660 confident,
+adult web chat Grenada who is in Travemünde and wants 2 fuck and comfortable in your wants and desires, then I'd love to communicate asap and get things started...
+In search of a BBW for FWB.
+Campo CA bi horny wives
+Looking for jeans and tshirt kinda girl.
+Hesperia student seeking w
+*fillipina looking for some fun*. sexy girls of Poznan oaks
+beautiful blond in downtown Rock Hill
+come fuck in my car Whats up ladies im looking for a sexy lady to come to foco and meet up with me tonight and have.sex.in my car. Must be disease free. x friendly is good. No no reply be between x and x . Hit me up ninesevenzero x eighteight x eightfive. lookin for tonight! lookin for a girl to come over and suck my dick!!! well do more if you want to...im free till x or so..if u wanna come over hmu so i can give u the adress
+x y/o blonde wanting you I'm so so bored on a Sunday night. I want to meet up and see where things go. I'll be up all night and available. My place or yours! Doesn't matter to me! Just need the company of a good looking man! x . Make it happen! Searching for Mr. Right I am looking for a nice Christian man to have a LTR. I am interested in celibacy untilmarried flirting Eucumbene Cove marriage, who is in Travemünde and wants 2 fuck if you seek the same then please send me a message. Thanks!
+-
+older adults friends in Alliance bbw
+horney 15203 mother
+Cedar City single women
+| Seeking Some Fun NSA On This Cold Morning. babs who want sex Long Beach
+penis pump stripper
+horney house wifes in Clarksville Virginia VA| Just want to meet someone new fun.
+milfs wanting sex Edison New Jersey
+| Please just looking to blow a load.
+best mature hookup places in nyc
+| Tall, Handsome Man Hi, I'm x ' x , x #, fit and fun to spend time with. Apart from having a good job and living inSaint John women for fuck Dallas, who is in Travemünde and wants 2 fuck I'm into history, art, design,
+girl on blue line to Spain 4ish
+horny adult text chat Boston architecture, music, food and wine, good restaurants and bars. I do like sports occasionally but it's not too high on my priority list right at the moment! So, please send me an with your and description and I'll be in touch. Looking to meet for drinks and see how things develop. I like a lady who's fun to be around, good sense of humor, takes care of herself and knows how to drink (just kidding..). Ideally tall but not essential. Talk soon and have a great day. hot horny moms in Oldham Greater Manchester
+| Looking for active churchPocatello Idaho sex dating member, who is in Travemünde and wants 2 fuck friendship, we share some interests but yet go our own way at times. Sunshine needs her ray of light! Anyway it's all about the water!season change Now it's all about the sand! The Sandbar and Glamis! I'm gearing up for the Glamis seasonIf you ever get out to the Imperial sandbox stop by Olds and say hiI'm usually in the RZR Looking for love LOOKING FOR LOVE TALK TO ME TELL ME WHAT YOUR DREAMS ARE 30753 granny sex contacts and talk dirty
+West Springfield sc nsa sex
+Lompoc girl fucked
+2014-2015
+Free today and bored 35 meddilsex,mercer 35.
+Maybe Gran Turismo 5 Could Fix The Driving Problem
+I'm sure this changes depending on where you are in the country, but there are some spectacularly bad drivers in my neck of the woods. It's just...obscene.
+And when I say "bad," I mostly mean incompetent. Perhaps it's a combination of massive over-medication and prescription drug abuse and an aging population, and nothing more. They've also made it so a well-trained dog can get a driver's license now, and the way they make cars these days, they're basically idiot-proof. ...and yet, the idiots somehow find a way to do the stupidest things imaginable.
+This is why I think driving simulators should, in some capacity, be used in testing people for driver's licenses. I'm dead flat serious. Nothing too strenuous; we don't have to be racing professionals, so you don't have to spin a perfect Nurburgring lap to pass, or something. But it would really help to give people a better idea of what to do in case of various emergencies, and I think it would give drivers an overall better feel for the vehicle. That's probably the biggest problem: everyone seems to suffer from a surprising lack of feel. They just have no clue what's going on.
+Things are just getting worse and worse. I don't think I've been behind a single solitary person in the past week who actually knows how to merge. Isn't that on the test? Or is that something else they took out to make it easier? You have to match the speed of the traffic flow, people; your car doesn't magically shoot from 35 to 75. You're not driving a Ferrari but I absolutely guarantee it can do 75 and it needs to do it before a hundred vehicles going 75 have to radically change their course to adapt to your incompetence. But it doesn't end there...
+Slowing down to go up a hill in the snow. Turning left to right (and vice versa), as if a Hyundai Accent has the turning radius of a semi. Keeping a constant speed appears to be a nigh-on impossible chore. I mean, it just goes on and on. A driving simulator would at least make them more comfortable; I'm almost sure of it. I also firmly believe it would cut down on the instances of panicking behind the wheel. More often than not, people in cars that start to slide do the worst things imaginable. They stomp on the brake (feather it, or don't touch it at all), wrench the wheel, or worse, do nothing and throw their hands up. Slides are relatively easy with minor touch, especially with all the safety stuff most cars have.
+The pluses are endless. You could learn how to drive better in bad weather conditions, how to drive better in heavy traffic, how to drive better at high speeds (is it my imagination, or is everyone driving around like they're catatonic?), and how to achieve better overall control of the vehicle. You could even have them train with whatever they're actually driving; if they've got one of those front-wheel drive pieces of crap (the American public was lied to in the promotion of that mechanic, by the way), they can learn why they won't be able to steer if their rear end begins to spin. That's just one example; a simulator should be able to simulate most any situation.
+I'm very serious about this. It's not a joke. Given the technology we have today, why not? The Army uses simulators and that's life and death on a daily basis. This is just for the sake of better drivers. Insurance companies should embrace the idea...
+Put this on your webpage or blog:
+Follow PSX Extreme on Twitter
+WorldEndsWithMe
+Friday, March 23, 2012 @ 10:35:18 PM
+Lawless SXE
+Friday, March 23, 2012 @ 10:56:10 PM
+WorldEndsWithMe
+Saturday, March 24, 2012 @ 12:29:23 AM
+Oyashiro
+Friday, March 23, 2012 @ 10:04:09 PM
+Reply
+I began to honk my horn, But ultimately had to slam on my brakes to prevent myself from being pushed into the concrete barricades that divide the freeway from the on-coming traffic. I was lucky no one was behind me or I would have been rear ended.
+fatelementality
+Saturday, March 24, 2012 @ 11:14:07 AM
+Qubex
+Monday, March 26, 2012 @ 12:40:40 AM
+Which is worse, the idiot driver or the idiot bus driver...
+Q!
+"play.experience.enjoy"
+WorldEndsWithMe
+Friday, March 23, 2012 @ 10:34:12 PM
+Reply
+BorrowedTime
+Friday, March 23, 2012 @ 10:39:56 PM
+Reply
+In over 20 years of driving, I have never been the cause of an accident (although, I was rear ended recently while at a yield sign), and have a perfect driving abstract. But, I'm not sure that Gran Turismo can take all the credit for that. When I was in high school, I took a driver's education course (where my instructor was a rally car driver, and taught me lots about oversteer, understeer, and how to recover from slides and spins), something that no one else I know has done. I am also required by my company (as is everyone else in their employ), to attend a defensive driving course once every three years.
+There is no shortage of idiotic drivers in my city either, and I'm not sure that Gran Turismo (or any driving simulator for that matter) is going to change that. As much as I love the Gran Turismo series, I don't think it can cure inattentiveness and stupidity.
+Ben Dutka PSXE [Administrator]
+Friday, March 23, 2012 @ 10:43:00 PM
+BorrowedTime
+Friday, March 23, 2012 @ 11:03:03 PM
+BikerSaint
+Friday, March 23, 2012 @ 10:59:01 PM
+Reply
+You have to ride & think like everyone's a stupid A-hole around you that's about to do the worst case scenario. So that way if it does happen, you're already mentally planned out your escape from injury seconds before it actually happens.
+And if they don't do anything stupid, then it's considered a bonus.
+I don't know how many times I've been almost run off the road by careless or "just-don't care" A-holes that want my lane at all costs.
+Anyway, when on my MC, I consider cutting me off the same as attempted murder & I will respond to that.
+So I'll pull up to the drivers side of them at the next light and make a few choice threats at them.
+"I didn't see you isn't an excuse, it's admitting your guilt"
+FYI, another thing that gets my goat while on my Harley is whenever somebody in the a car in front of me(driver or passenger, makes no difference) throws their lit cigarette out the window once they're done it. & I'll pull next to them, motion them to roll down their window so I can chew them out. BTW most do wind up not realizing that their cigarette just hit me, & they're apologetic.
+But for those few A-hole's that act like they could care less, well....I also smoke & they WILL get my lit cigarette back in return, thrown right into their laps.
+dmiitrie
+Friday, March 23, 2012 @ 11:11:16 PM
+However, I've seen and I know sever bike riders who think they can do all the crazy stuff they see in movies. Perhaps I just happen to know a higher percentage of douchebags compared to most bikers, but having heard what they say about how they ride, and having seen them ride a couple of times, there are certainly a lot of things bikes can do that make it super difficult for cars.
+BikerSaint
+Saturday, March 24, 2012 @ 12:58:20 AM
+Sorry to hear about your cuz.
+Yeah, "If Sears gave out drivers license's, even they'd be shocked"
+And unfortunately for us, 87% of all MC accidents are cause by those careless/inattentive and/or irresponsible 4-wheeled drivers.
+I agree with you about some riders being a-holes too, but for all of my years of MC experience, it seems that it's a few bad apples with the sport bikes that gives rider's a bad name.
+I think it's due to those kids that just got their 1st sport bike that will do 80 in 1st gear, which is way too powerful for their severe lack of skills.
+And then some of them just want to show off doing wheelies, stoppies, & high-speed weaving thru heavy traffic, while racing thru the gears, etc, etc.
+And with some other riders, it's just that they don't have any real experience on their new bikes & never bothered to take a MC safety course that most of the states, dealerships, or motorcycle community now provide.
+Plus a new rider should be starting out on a small bike, with no more than a 250 to 450CC displacement.
+BTW, I've taught many people to ride right, and a lot of them women.
+dmiitrie
+Saturday, March 24, 2012 @ 1:05:44 AM
+dmiitrie
+Friday, March 23, 2012 @ 10:59:39 PM
+Reply
+Something that just made me furious a few days ago was when I turned right onto a street and nearly ran into some lady who was stopped halfway in my lane while trying to turn left out of a parking lot. I slowed down and eventually stopped to wait for her to back up into the lot (as any normal person would), but by the time I realized that she wasn't going to move, there was traffic in the other lane. So I was stuck there for a few minutes. And to top it all off, she had the nerve to flip me off when she was finally able to turn because I had honked at her a couple of times. Some people....sigh.
+BTNwarrior
+Friday, March 23, 2012 @ 11:35:29 PM
+Reply
+Ben Dutka PSXE [Administrator]
+Friday, March 23, 2012 @ 11:41:46 PM
+maxpontiac
+Saturday, March 24, 2012 @ 12:16:21 AM
+Reply
+After that I realise that T10 will most likely read this and sell Microsoft on the idea thus resulting in Forza Driving Exam kiosks everywhere.
+Seriously though, some people are helpless behind the wheel and might be unwilling to learn.
+Last edited by maxpontiac on 3/24/2012 12:17:39 AM
+kraygen
+Saturday, March 24, 2012 @ 12:36:09 AM
+Reply
+Maintain speed, well that's impossible for people to do, they're too busy texting while they drive. I find it nearly impossible to find another driver on the road that isn't on their cell phone.
+Cell phones are great, but when you're driving, drive, don't text your mom to say hello.
+Last edited by kraygen on 3/24/2012 12:36:49 AM
+Ben Dutka PSXE [Administrator]
+Saturday, March 24, 2012 @ 9:59:22 AM
+BikerSaint
+Saturday, March 24, 2012 @ 1:12:35 AM
+Reply
+The secret sauce from that guy's triple-Big Mac that's being balancing across the top of the steering wheel, would still fall into his lap.
+And GT6 would need to install a big-a$$ inside rear-view mirror to the game just for women, so they won't accidentally be poking their eyes out with the cruel end of their Mascara brushes.
+fatelementality
+Saturday, March 24, 2012 @ 11:20:10 AM
+Crabba
+Saturday, March 24, 2012 @ 2:14:25 AM
+Reply
+Or the 95% of people who don't use turn signals, don't stop at stop signs, or think that red lights are more like guidelines anyway...
+Sadly, no amount of hours in a simulator would help bad behavior like that.
+Ben Dutka PSXE [Administrator]
+Saturday, March 24, 2012 @ 10:02:51 AM
+And one of my biggest pet peeves are people who slow down to turn, stop, and THEN turn on the signal. ...yeah, I don't need to know now. I KNOW you're turning. I needed to know BEFORE you started to alter your speed. That's the POINT of the signal, genius.
+'sigh'
+fatelementality
+Saturday, March 24, 2012 @ 11:22:25 AM
+THEVERDIN
+Saturday, March 24, 2012 @ 7:00:15 PM
+tes37
+Saturday, March 24, 2012 @ 7:56:04 PM
+___________
+Saturday, March 24, 2012 @ 3:04:26 AM
+Reply
+problem is people dont give a flying f*ck about the road rules they just think there the only ones on the road!
+so hows a driving sim going to help that?
+its exactly like that wherever you go!
+problem is people have got this mentality that driving is a right not a privilege.
+so many people drive around like there the only ones on the road and road rules dont apply to them.
+allot of people dont think about what their doing either.
+example last thursday i went to the shops and i was stopped at a give way sign.
+a lady came the other way, i have to give way to her and she is sitting there telling me to go.
+ahhhhh, lady you do realise that i have to give way to you right?
+again on my way home i was coming down a narrow street and again another bloody women comes down and stops in the middle of the road.
+then tells me to come through.
+ahhhh, women how am i suppose to come through when your blocking the road?
+my car has the magic ability of driving through things without getting damaged does it?
+thats one problem people just dont think about what their doing.
+another problem is people just think they own the road.
+if i had a nickle for every time i saw someone change lanes, turn a corner, do anything that by law requires the use of a blinker, but they did not use one id by rich enough to never work another day in my life!
+no one gives a sh*t about the road rules, they just drive with their blindfolds on oblivious to whats happening around them.
+another problem i always have is again if i had a nickel for every time someone turned a corner and cant keep in their lane again id be rich enough to never work another day in my life!
+seriously, turning within the lines is that difficult is it?
+oh and my personal favorite if i had a nickel for every time i drove down the M4 doing 110KMPH and saw a women doing her mascara with her right hand, her lippy with the left, and steering with her knees id be rich enough to never work another day in my life!
+again problem is people just dont give a f*ck about the road rules and think there the only ones on the road.
+i mean how much dog food do you have to have caught in your head to steer down the motorway at 110KPH with your knees?
+seriously, how are these people not scared sh*tless by the idea?
+i know i am!
+i wont even go on people who cant do the freaking speed limit!
+doing 30KMs below the speed limit in the right lane on the M4, yea perfect way to cause a accident!
+explains why every day theres a pileup there.......
+this is exactly why every time i go out i grab my rosary beads.
+honestly i dont think ive ever been out on the road in the past 10 years without almost having 10 accidents!
+Ludicrous_Liam
+Saturday, March 24, 2012 @ 4:54:31 AM
+Walking to school, there's this entrance to the school car-park that I have to cross - and you wouldn't BELIEVE how many idiots turn in while I'm crossing WITHOUT indicators! THEN they have this 'look' at me as if I'M in the wrong! Grrr.
+Ben Dutka PSXE [Administrator]
+Saturday, March 24, 2012 @ 10:01:22 AM
+___________
+Sunday, March 25, 2012 @ 7:30:24 AM
+ok there better DRIVERS but that does not help the fact that there not following the road rules.
+you can be sebastian vettel but if you go through a red light your pretty much f*cked no?
+no matter how good a driver you are!
+the problems not that people cant drive.
+a friend of works with the cops her job is analysing accidents and helping determine what caused them and whos at fault.
+shes always said at least 86% of accidents are caused by someone not obeying road rules has nothing to do with inadequate driving skills.
+the other 14% are brought down to speed.
+again no matter how good a driver you are if you take a corner too quickly your going to crash simple as that!
+so i still dont see how a driving sim would help fix these problems on our roads.
+only thing that will fix that is if people stop treating it as a right and treat it as a gift that can very easily be taken away!
+that way they will obey the road rules because they know if they dont they will loose it.
+tes37
+Saturday, March 24, 2012 @ 3:37:34 AM
+Reply
+Ben Dutka PSXE [Administrator]
+Saturday, March 24, 2012 @ 10:00:26 AM
+Reply
+maxpontiac
+Saturday, March 24, 2012 @ 11:00:26 AM
+fatelementality
+Saturday, March 24, 2012 @ 11:28:32 AM
+Reply
+BikerSaint
+Saturday, March 24, 2012 @ 1:59:14 PM
+Reply
+And just when that restricted "no-passing" area is finally over & right when I move my Harley into the passing lane to get around her, she has that uncanny ability to actually start making that left turn right when I'm along side her.
+And then when she actually hears my super-load Harley(straight pipes) right next to her, she has that look of bewildered astonishment of a young fawn caught in my spotlights.
+It's got to be something in that blue hair dye.
+Last edited by BikerSaint on 3/24/2012 2:01:03 PM
+BikerSaint
+Saturday, March 24, 2012 @ 7:19:46 PM
+Reply
+fatelementality
+Saturday, March 24, 2012 @ 7:24:30 PM
+Reply
+thj_1980
+Saturday, March 24, 2012 @ 7:24:56 PM
+Reply
+Qubex
+Monday, March 26, 2012 @ 12:41:30 AM
+JBLAZE
+Monday, March 26, 2012 @ 7:30:19 AM
+Reply
+There are no comments to display.
+Please login or register to leave a comment.
+Lawless SXE
+Reply
+Friday, March 23, 2012 @ 9:52:50 PM
+A driving simulator would be a good idea (I know GT5 has improved my ability to take corners on dirt ;)), but I think mandatory defensive driving and anger management courses could go a hell of a lot further in improving the situation of the roads. There's only so far that you can go, no matter how good the simulation. We are not, and nor do I believe that we ever will be, at the point where technology is capable of 1:1 reproduction of reality.
+Nevertheless, it would certainly help with most of the examples listed in the article. And it'd be a fairly cheap option too.
+Sponsors Registration Click the yelp.com entry and click Remove. Resources chris@dagmarmarketing.com
+Stop following Darren M. WordPress plugins Expand child menu
+Fundamentals.
+4. Link to authoritative sites, and avoid broken links. Midmarket Nederlands (Nederland) Content & Accessibility
+Linked In Guaranteed Google #1 Ranking SEO Hopefully, this article has given you grounds to challenge one of your underlying assumptions, has taught you something new, or has sparked a renewed interest in SEO. There’s much to learn, even from a ground level, and plenty of time to learn it.
+Good Morning Matt iBusiness While improving site speed is a pretty big topic, check out this HubSpot article to improve page load times.
+ONLINE REPUTATION MANAGEMENT WILL HELP TO PREVENT THOSE DAMAGING SEARCH ENGINE RESULTS.
+6. Writing for Marketing 3 Promote this Tweet Key Marketing Ops Capabilities to Boost Revenue Why Do You Need an SEO Plugin for WordPress?
+Develop a positive take on negative reviews, and make the most of the opportunity they provide to shine on a public stage, building a community reputation for excellent customer service. Ranking optimization, content optimization, keyword research, link analysis, gap analysis…
+Crossword Solver marine c. Get weekly tips on how to optimize your website’s SEO, usability and conversion.
+3 (A-OK.) clutch@webmechanix.com They were extremely friendly and easy to deal with people, but I don’t feel they had my goals at heart – which they should with how much the service costs per month.
+Puranjay Singh is a writer, marketer and entrepreneur. He is also founder of GrowthPub.com, which provides content marketing for startups.
+Former Employee – Anonymous Employee Careers Certifications Education Leadership Women in Business Work Life
+Beginner’s Guide to SEO About Your Business Add your thoughts about any Tweet with a Reply. Find a topic you’re passionate about, and jump right in. Below $25,000 USD $25,000-$50,000 USD $50,000-$100,000 USD $100,000+ US.
+Visas, Tourists, and Temporary Visitors Google My Business signals (19%), link signals (17%), and on-Page signals (14%), review signals (13%) outrank behavioral signals, personalization, and social signals when it comes to local pack ranking factors.
+What Wpromote SEO Does For You Claim your Business Page Web Designers
+7. Monitor Traffic & Rankings 2 stars The overview of my pageranking and the linkbuilding tool
+Explore our Search Engine Optimisation (SEO) Toolkit Whatever platform you use, be it Google Analytics or Oracle, take a look at the number of pageviews for your 404 page. Then add URL as a secondary dimension and fix the biggest offenders first.
+SEO
+Seo Reviews
+Seo For Local Business
+Florida Seo For Contractors
+Best Seo For Local Business
+Neutral Outlook We started this article by talking about how many millions of posts people publish each day. Connect the dots between content, search engine traffic, and performance
+When I say don’t sleep on this, I mean it. There’s a reason we took the time to compile the top 40 posts on keyword research on Kissmetrics. June 8, 2018
+All US Cities Ελληνικά Careers THINK LIKE A CHALLENGER
+Star Wars fans looking for droids Email Us Make your existing pages longer Popular Resources Related Posts Enterprise
+Obviously, there’s a learning curve to get started, and when you’re beyond that, you’ll need to play catch-up on all the new tactics and strategies coming out.
+Chart of the Day: Clickthrough research data reveals the importance of 1st, 2nd or 3rd position in Google You often hear company owners saying “I want to rank top” for their target keywords. Although this may be an unrealistic hope, they’re …..
+January 3, 2018 1 History SEO.com is a world premier digital marketing agency that provides everything you need to grow your business and get ahead of your competition online.
+How to Build a Social Media Marketing Conversion Funnel Confirmation CancelConfirm Learn more about LA SEO Service , Opens a popup
+Collecting Regularly “listen” to social media for discussions of your brand and jump into these discussion with offers to make things better for customers expressing negative sentiments.
+Also within our library is the How To: SEO section, which is devoted to practical tips and tactics about search engine optimization.
+Links that are earned—through high-quality content, outreach and influencer marketing—on the other hand, are safe and extremely effective.
+Technology Manager, Attorney Guss Personal Injury Lawyers Read More Free online marketing planning template How to Do Internal Linking Thank you for answering this poll. You may also be interested in Marketing School, a daily podcast by Neil Patel & Eric Siu.
+Jump up ^ Jill Whalen (November 16, 2004). “Black Hat/White Hat Search Engine Optimization”. searchengineguide.com. Retrieved May 9, 2007. B) Use Bucket Brigades
+© Copyright 2018 Wpromote Got a question? Not sure where to find your Google Places page? Drop us a line.
+SEO for Backflow Device Installation Testing & Service in Gainesville Alachua 32607 Florida FL | How to Rank for a Keyword in 10 Steps-The SEO Guys SEO for Backflow Device Installation Testing & Service in Gainesville Alachua 32607 Florida FL | SEO for Backhoe & Bulldozer Service in Gainesville Alachua 32608 Florida FL | SEO For Local Florida USA Bussinesses
+Legal | Sitemap
+[otp_overlay]
+16 thoughts on “SEO for Aerial Photography in Orlando Orange 32891 Florida FL | Affordable Seo USA Florida”
+SEO Effect Review
+free workbook #MarketingSkills
+Platform
+Jump up ^ Beel, Jöran and Gipp, Bela and Wilde, Erik (2010). “Academic Search Engine Optimization (ASEO): Optimizing Scholarly Literature for Google Scholar and Co” (PDF). Journal of Scholarly Publishing. pp. 176–190. Retrieved April 18, 2010.
+However, it also has the potential to create canonicalization issues.
+Michelle Chapple
+Creative Agencies
+Klipfolio
+Help Shoppers Find Your Products
+So much information to take in – in places there could be drop down boxes explaining what a particular graph is for – its all new to me
+Local search optimization
+Photo of LA SEO Service – Los Angeles, CA, United States
+Say a lot with a little
+Manager, McGregor Fence Company
+Forms, by Agency
+You probably know that it stands for search engine optimization, but what do you need to optimize?
+$160,000+
+1SEO IT & Digital Marketing
+Published Monday, December 18, 2017
+David Smith, Mrs. Fields
+Good Morning Carol
+WORK WITH ME
+Company: cognitiveSEO
+very recommended
+What is someone looking for when they type “best marketing automation tool” into Google?
+Client Support!
+Questions? Call us today!
+Local SEO and Listings
+Detroit
+Click to email this to a friend (Opens in new window)
+Try Our Apps
+The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.
+Sales Director, Travel Services Firm
+GPS Fleet Tracking
+Let’s take a look at the four parts of HTML you should optimize for each and every single piece of content you produce.
+“This is a great place to work.”
+You can add location information to your Tweets, such as your city or precise location, from the web and via third-party applications. You always have the option to delete your Tweet location history. Learn more
+Scenario #1: Your house is super clean on the inside, but your front yard is a mess..
+The results are clear to see!
+1 friend
+Small Business SEO
+Not only do they help format and structure your content and give your readers easy reference points, but they also affect SEO.
+2) The Owner Makes The Company Complaint-Friendly
+If you have doubts that Google looks at title tags for its search listings, go to its own AdSense homepage, and look up the title in the source code. It is nicely optimized for a “make money online” long-tail keyword.
+“After Having Used Just About All Link Marketing/Management Tools, Cognitive Wins”
+Retweeted
+Platform insights anywhere you need them
+Great social media support for our internet based company. Staff creative and responsive to our needs. Thanks Kelly and Blake for your help. WatchMinder
+According to Sprout Social, 4 in 5 will reverse their purchase decisions after reading negative reviews.
+“This is a great place to work.”
+Double Digit
+Good Morning Carol
+Would you like to learn more about SEO? Do you want to learn from world-renowned experts? But can’t justify spending a lot of money on a training just yet? At Yoast, we understand that. And we want to help. That’s why today, we are releasing our first free course: SEO for beginners! What will I …
+5/3/2016
+Phone number (310) 566-7025
+Re-enter Your Password
+URLs: fewer than 90 characters with hyphens.
+This data will let you:
+In this article, we’ll go over 9 guides that will help you get up to speed with SEO quickly.
+Report Corrections
+All Global Locations
+Both of them work and are worth considering even if they won’t up your SEO game too much.
+History
+David H.
+Lincoln Dental Associates
+Technical SEO » Technically optimize your site to the fullest »
+THINK LIKE A CHALLENGER
+Optimize alt attributes of images: Pick useful images (diagrams, infographics, etc.) and add the alt text for them. Let their description amplify the context of your content by introducing target keywords. This way, you will make your images more visible both to search engines and visitors.
+tom@hqseo.co.uk
+Jump up ^ Jack Schofield (June 10, 2008). “Google UK closes in on 90% market share”. London: Guardian. Retrieved June 10, 2008.
+Start Tackling Your Website Challenges
+Relationship with Google
+Jump up ^ “8 Things We Learned About Google PageRank”.. Retrieved August 17, 2009.
+Maybe you’ve heard of sitemaps, maybe not. Regardless, Yoast has been making one for you this whole time!
+5 people voted for this review
+You.
+Policies
+Support Center
+5. The Kissmetrics Guide
+Approves of CEO
+We deal with many local Los Angeles businesses, and as
+Canada 21212 (any)
+That’s why click-through rates are becoming as important, if not more important, than rankings.
+Share101
+Sector Technology Innovation
+Posted byu/adubs74
+Conversions go down: Another page with less relevant content may have no call-to-action.
+Thank you for your feedback.
+However, it’s probably the wrong audience. So it doesn’t make sense to rank for it!
+For example, suppose your keyword tool shows that “android” has a lot of search volume. People searching for it could fall into several categories:
+Advertise With Us
+Account Settings
+Like content, longer videos tend to do better in YouTube search.
+Compare cognitiveSEO to Similar Solutions
+Россия
+Trust in.
+Merchant Stories : Look Up Every Once in Awhile – Audio Den
+Finance arrow_drop_down
+White hat vs. black hat
+Yeah. I’m not obsessed with Yoast, and it’s definitely not the end-all-be-all of SEO tools. Some people think it’s the only thing you need and that’s simply not true.
+Download the Checklist
+StarStarStarStarStar 377 Reviews
+Only 1 more step
+Growth Hacking
+Good Afternoon Andrei
+Website Authority Checker
+Although it’s labeled a guide for beginners, it’s probably best to read it after you’ve visited one of the other basic tutorials.
+Infinium to Infiltrate Gamer Forums 91.
+Yeah. We love those people. (Score:1)
+Re:Yeah. We love those people. (Score:1)
+by definition, any skillful and artful attempts will go unnoticed, while the crass and inept ones will be quickly identified (that is, a shill is only skillful and artful *if* he/she goes undetected)I also think that the crass ones decrease the visibility of the sneaky shills/infiltraters...especially if the skilled ones themselves denounce the inept spammers.
+Re:Yeah. We love those people. (Score:1)
+Re:Yeah. We love those people. (Score:3, Insightful)
+Thing is, these are probably not the paid shills. The real shills, you don't even know about.
+It is true that companies occasionally get caught for this - it happened to Midway pretty publicly on Usenet about 5-6 years ago, for example. But take it from someone who used to both do it and rec
+Re:Yeah. We love those people. (Score:2)
+Re:Yeah. We love those people. (Score:2, Insightful)
+Did you assume that I was talking about Infinium?
+Re:Yeah. We love those people. (Score:1)
+Re:Yeah. We love those people. (Score:2)
+Because honestly, no offense, but if you get paid a decent amount for it, the companies should be spending that money on better developers to improve their (largely shitty, nowadays) games.
+Re:Yeah. We love those people. (Score:2)
+The main purpose of marketing is to let you know about a product and drive demand. Of course, many times marketers use ma
+Re:Yeah. We love those people. (Score:2)
+Re:Yeah. We love those people. (Score:2)
+Re:Yeah. We love those people. (Score:2)
+I was looking at someone like stardock, in particular the fact that they have basically built a game based on what they would want (from the beginning with GalCiv for OS/2)
+Obviously, they've supported themselves with other projects in the meantime, but it looks very likely
+Re:Yeah. We love those people. (Score:2)
+Of course, things have changed in the past 10 years since M59 came out. This is another aspect of marketing, to let people know that the product is "New and Improved!" We've poured a lot of new content into the game, rebalanced things, even got a new rendering engine [meridian59.com] as an alternative to the old software renderer. Of course, it's still the same game that focuses on character advancement and PvP combat, but even
+Re:Yeah. We love those people. (Score:2)
+Re:Yeah. We love those people. (Score:2)
+Unfortunately, that also makes it difficult to get past people's internal turf-filters in order to express honest appreciation for stuff. There are certainly people here who look askance at the prevalence of Nintendo support here, but I conside
+Wow! (Score:1)
+Seriously though, havn't people been accusing companies of this for awhile now?
+Re:Wow! (Score:3, Interesting)
+I cropped the pic and blew up a section, so you can see it easily. ed1ft.jpg [imageshack.us]
+What a joke, even their Press Pic don't jive with the product they're selling.
+Re:Wow! (Score:1)
+First of all, I'm still completely convinced it is all a hoax, and second of all, I'm really having trouble wrapping my brain around that lapboard thingy. How the hell is that going to be any good, I just don't get it. I mean, is the lower part in front or below and where does the lap goe ann uhh
+Re:Wow! (Score:2)
+Lord knows why there's a seam there, but I'm pretty sure it's not a wire.
+Re:Wow! (Score:2)
+blow it up, play with the gamma settings and then hit the picture with a contrast enhance. That wire stands out very nicely.
+Tweak the original pic & decide for yourself. Recompressing jpegs usually introduces noise.
+Re:Wow! (Score:2)
+I fail to see what the big deal is.
+Re:Wow! (Score:2)
+Lord knows why there's a seam there, but I'm pretty sure it's not a wire.
+No, it's not a seam. I think it's an halibut.
+-
+Re:Wow! (Score:2)
+Typing at an angle does look really awkward though, especially for a keyboard that's going to be on your knees. My right wrist hurts just looking at it.
+Re:Wow! (Score:2)
+Re:Wow! (Score:2)
+Re:Wow! (Score:4, Funny)
+Re:Wow! (Score:2)
+Ha! (Score:3, Informative)
+Forum administrators hate it when people go into their forum and start shilling for some company.
+For their ad campaign to work, they're going to have to subvert members of the forum who have some credibility. A new account full of "this is teh c00l" posts is going to be ignored.
+Re:Ha! (Score:3, Insightful)
+Re:Ha! (Score:3, Funny)
+Haven't you been paying attention? $1 million US dollars? That's way too low. In order for them to take you seriously you're going to have to at least ask for 10 million.
+Re:Ha! (Score:2)
+Re:Ha! (Score:2)
+Re:Ha! (Score:2)
+And my UID is *way* lower than the parent's!
+Re:Ha! (Score:3, Funny)
+(cheap, too)
+hawk
+Re:Ha! (Score:2)
+P.S.
+Chech out teh awesom website! [infiniumlabs.com] W00T there it is!
+W00T there it is!
+W00T there it is!
+-
+Re:Ha! (Score:2, Interesting)
+Reliable source, n.: The guy you just met.
+You don't understand PR, grasshopper (Score:2)
+PR is a very insidious thing. They don't release outright ads, which people are already deveolopping a resistance too. They release stuff looking like genuine news, or like genuine buyer reviews.
+E.g., one such PR hack discussed on Slashdot was the _flood_ of news pieces saying that the suit is back, that
+The best part... (Score:1)
+Way to shoot yourself in the foot...
+Re:The best part... (Score:2)
+Marketing Suggestion (Score:1)
+Well... (Score:1)
+But not Infinium Labs.
+Well, gotta go. Time to go get ready to be influenced positively by the image-bombardment of 1-post members on my favorite gaming communities' forums!
+Re:Typical slashdot bias (Score:2)
+Re:Typical slashdot bias (Score:2)
+Re:Typical slashdot bias (Score:1)
+Just more evidence of 100% glitz, 0% substance, on the path that this company has always been taking. Links to eye candy and imagery, indeed.
+Vapor-Infiltration (Score:2)
+Re:Vapor-Infiltration (Score:1)
+Given its track record, when will we see the infiltration happening?It's probably occurring right now, given the number of die-hard Phantom phans I see on certain forums.
+Re:Vapor-Infiltration (Score:1)
+You see, its all in a gamers best interests to relax and have fun, if you rush anything you might injure yourself.
+I did notice whilst finding out about all this that lots of couch gamers get RSI, this is mainly due to trying to use their desktop keyboard and mouse whilst reclining in the easychair.
+Did you know you can stop this instantly with just a simple addition?
+Take a look at some pictures [google.co.uk]and you will see for yourself.
+Re:Vapor-Infiltration (Score:1)
+Re:Vapor-Infiltration (Score:1)
+HEH (Score:2)
+Oh well guess those employees finally have to DO something after all this time....
+Funny thing is after all this, they have enough name recognition that it would probably sell itself if it's half as good as they think
+Re:HEH (Score:1)
+This isn't a new thing (Score:1)
+Re:I just had a glass of Hershey's Chocolate Milk (Score:2)
+Re:I just had a glass of Hershey's Chocolate Milk (Score:1)
+Infinim Lab is an excellent company! (Score:2, Funny)
+Re:Infinim Lab is an excellent company! (Score:2)
+-B
+Re:Infinim Lab is an excellent company! (Score:2)
+Seeing the googlefight site brings up a question... why do they have links to the [mozbot.com] search engine?
+Business model... (Score:1)
+I was thinking maybe they could do the same thing by announcing a cool product and then selling it sometime shortly after that.
+Re:Business model... (Score:1)
+Now marketing classes weren't my fave, but don't you actually need a product and customers before building customer loyalty ?
+And it happens... (Score:2)
+Re:And it happens... (Score:2)
+A wonderful notion, except that allowing you to post 3-5 sentences about the product on a web site hardly qualifies as a review. Most of the reviews I se
+Re:And it happens... (Score:1)
+When looking through user reviews, I only look at the negatives for a clue on what you m
+So... (Score:2)
+Well.. (Score:2)
+Negative Articles as Positive Advertising (Score:1)
+I guess this means (Score:2)
+Already happening... (Score:2)
+I got one that was a little too obvious, but I'm guessing there are a few more who play the game better (and I'm s
+You mean... (Score:1)
+Unfortunately... (Score:2)
+Sick of Astroturfing (Score:1)
+Astroturfing is getting way too pervasive, take a look at the comments of people who LOVED "Date Movie" on IMDB: ilter=love [imdb.com]
+If you look at most of the users who gave it 10, that's the only comment they made... so you'd have to believe that coming out of that movie, they were so overwhelmed that they ran home, and joined IMDB to rave about only that movie.
+The next step of course, is to make your astroturfing seem more realistic... over time give your co
+Re:Sick of Astroturfing (Score:2)
+I think they have already infiltrated movies. (Score:2) [producersonbroadway.com]
+Replace the crappy play with the Phantom console and there you go
+"Based on real events" is in the titles now.
+Workplace mobbing
+Workplace mobbing is a group of individuals in a workplace who team up against and targeted another coworker for harassment and other forms of victimization. It is a virus or a cancer that spreads through malicious gossip, rumor, hearsay,and unfounded accusations. It is done with deliberate intent to have those targeted eliminated or forced out of their employment. Accusations of unsubstantiated 'bullying' can even be made against the target as the perpetrators realize the benefits of claiming 'victim' status. Workplace bullying pdf
+If you have been mobbed by more than one company, you may very well be a victim of organized mobbing or a government disintegration/decomposition program.
+Organized mobbing and workplace mobbing can be separate experiences. The main differences between organized mobbing and just being a victim of workplace mobbing? When the target has left the workplace or transferred the victimization stops because the root of the victimization rests solely with the company or department. All laws (discrimination, hostile work environment, harassment etc) apply to the target of workplace mobbing and the target has not become a non-entity. Obviously all victimization takes place in the work environment and the target is able to regain employment elsewhere. The effects of organized mobbing are much more severe than workplace mobbing. Workplace mobbing is a component of organized mobbing. For the targeted individual, all ties of support must be severed and a targets employment is the main support.
+The Content and Development of Mobbing at Work (Leymann) 1996
+Mobbing and Pyschological Terror at Workplaces (Leymann) 1990
+Not to get off topic, but, I have noticed, when the crime is inexorable, there is always the attempted to disarm the opposition by refocusing the examinations from the root causes to the more fruitful 'what is happening now' or currently and 'what's the solution' or 'where do we go from here'. There are people who are highly paid to get people to think along those lines. So when I read that the root of mobbing and the individual who started the mobbing machinery should not be the focus, I see that as a lack of willingness to hold people accountable for their behavior. Everyone wants to do the crime, but no one wants to pay price for the crimes they commit. The examination of the root cause or the beginnings of mobbing, should never be seen as infecund and superfluous. It is no different than finding the gene that causes the cancer. Depending on your view, another good example of what I am trying to say in relation to refocusing is the AIDS virus. Again, depending on your view. I have met very few people, even those who have seen its affects on the lives of people who think it is worth the effort to hold anyone accountable, if indeed the facts bear in that direction. The price tag is just too high in terms of reputation and financial loss. This is why mobbing goes unacknowledged: loss of reputation and financial loss.
+Introduction
+The first employer I can say that I was mobbed at was Viahealth in the late 1990s. A stereotypical setting for workplace mobbing is a hospital. The harassment wasn't worth the $9.00 per hour so I quit (can you imagine an employer paying $9.00 would mob anyone?). I explained to the supervisor Jackie Noble why I was quitting, she disagreed with my assessment of the workplace, but agreed to always give a good reference when I needed it. Which was fortunate, now that I look back, because it allowed me to continue to work, but, really was a false incentive, being that no matter what job I obtained, I would be mobbed. The interesting thing about Viahealth is that I met for the first time a man who said that he had left Strong Memorial Hospital because of mobbing. He was a horrific person to interact with so I avoided him, but our first few interactions were not so bad when first hired and I was able to hear his story. The key thing was that he approached the supervisor at Viahealth regarding his situation and she hired him to 'help him out'. Again, the difference between just being a victim of workplace mobbing and being targeted for organized mobbing. References and a stable employment history is key to remaining in the workplace. I encourage people to read publications by Leymann.
+Here, I will only focus on the companies I have worked for in California because they are the freshest in my memory. Mainly three in varying detail: Kaiser Permanente, Company 3 and Los Angeles County Department of Social Services District #83. The companies I worked for in Los Angeles, Company 3 and DPSS were the nastiest because of the drugging.
+$7.5 Million for a few weeks of employment for disability discrimination I don't say that he didn't deserve it, but after reading my experiences and obtaining nothing, no monetary settlement, no attorney to assist, it says a lot about our legal system. What does that say? When you are a victim of organized mobbing, you are a non-entity, no law applies to you, all that happens is suppose to happen and is accepted as such. You get no attorney (infact I had attorneys continue with the same behavior inside the office) to assist. I will say again, because I want this to 'really' get across to people. To people who are experiencing what I call organized mobbing or government disintegration/decomposition programs, the laws of this society do not apply to them. I have found that the Internation laws regarding human rights do not apply to the targeted person either. That is what it means to be born in the United States of America and be targeted by this country.
+Kaiser Permanente Well I began in the call center. I later transferred because I didn't like the work environment. I had a person who told me not to transfer because when she transferred she lost her job but was fortunate to be rehired back into the call center. I don't recall being written up for anything or having any 'meeting', I left because of the general rudeness at work; people were just extremely unfriendly and nasty. I got sick of it and disliked the San Jose area and sick and tired of my daughter being bullied at school by Latinos. In general at the call center, if I talked to anyone they would curl up their lip at me and roll their eyes and I have no problem returning the same behavior but I got sick of dealing with hostility and being hostile in return. Before all of this and ordinarily I am a very light, happy go lucky kind of person.
+One thing that was just a gag about the place, I have a habit of popping pimples especially on my nose. I remember being in the bathroom and a nurse came in one time and said to me, "Oh, your not on drugs at all, your just in here popping your pimples and that is why you leave with a red nose." I guess that was the little known rumor about me that hadn't gotten to me. I left the bathroom with a red nose because I was on drugs. What a joke. No matter the educational level...rumors.
+I transferred to San Rafael Kaiser to the record department which was managed by a Vanessa Giovanni. She looks sweet and nice but is devil herself. I was told by another employee, I don't know if true, that she has a problem (while still there at the job, she would discuss in front of me who would be her next hire to other employees, she thought a man would be a better fit. Choosing a person's sex rather than qualification or ability) and I wasn't the only employee this happened to. Maybe the person who had the position last I don't know. But I suppose that if the workplace is predominately women, one would try to strike a balance. Women seem to prefer to interact with men rather than so many women.
+I can quote some of the things that were said that didn't make sense until late. There were tensions between the manager and the main medical coder/SEIU union steward John. When things began falling apart (or they had devised a strategy), one of the union 'representatives' said in a meeting, "I don't know how you got John onboard.". According to the coworker previously mentioned, he was trying to get her (Vanessa) removed because he felt she didn't know what she was doing. Not knowing anything about organized mobbing and little about workplace mobbing, I assumed that the wrongful termination and hostility was solely my disability. I have nerve damage caused by a pill I took that caused temors and a few other symptoms. I was also going through a major sleep problem and major stress. At the time, the nerve damage was a relatively new experience starting in late 1999 or early 2000, it was a new event in my life I had to deal with. So the tremors weren't under control as much as they are now. I worked hard to not make them visible, but at times a tremor may occur. When first noticed by one of the coworkers training me, she immediately stopped training and went to speak with Vanessa. During prolonged meetings with Vanessa a tremor or two would happen. It was like we had continual meetings because she wanted to catch wind of what was reported to her that she didn't notice before.
+Transferring was actually a cut in pay for me. I was accused of everything in San Rafael. I wouldn't even be in the area and still be blamed for something. Being that I needed the job, my way of coping is to do the work and trying to be as unnoticed as possible. So collecting and providing charts quietly, but it didn't matter, if I said nothing, I would have a nurse on the floor, say I said this or that. I would have to go through some unnecessary explanation and say, 'look, I don't say anything to anyone. I don't speak unless I am spoken to'. The pattern here was a little different than the call center because there were certain liberties they had in their favor. There was no formalized training, so there was no documentation or training material to turn to regarding policy or procedure. I was 'trained' by another employee who would later say to the manager, I made mistakes. I said, that is what she showed me and of course, she would deny it. I was physically assaulted by two employees one of my 'trainers', an older hispanic lady and John. There is a doctor there who was rumored to be sleeping with his patients, out of his mouth comes that beloved prostitution rumor. Sound familiar. No one says a thing, not even the doctors (do no harm) we worked closely with. Here I was wrongfully terminated. The manager said that she had found in the paper recycler and in the wrong files, items from people's cases. I showed the union steward who said she honestly needed to see my side of the story for herself and actually came to inspect. I guess what she meant by see for herself was she didn't want Vanessa's word to be the word in her head regarding me, to see if Vanessa was lying and also, I believe she understood more of what was going on than I did and knew there was nothing I could do about it. She had been suggesting that I transfer again for which there where few jobs available or even back to the call center. Transferring would have taken forever in reality. I decided to fight a winless battle. Anyway, I told the union steward, I don't believe she found anything in any recycle bin, but also showed her that I wasn't the only person who was working on the loose filings which I had been demoted to doing. Loose filings were part of the job, but not the only part of the job and it was the job least liked by people and was mainly done by part-time student workers. Later on when the strategy was in place, I was restricted to 'just' doing loose filings to make me hate the job and look to leave. All day I did loose filings but I had headphones, but after a while that was taken from me but it was a paycheck. I showed the union steward that I don't write on the documents and said look here, this is someone's handwriting and not mine. The union steward asked Vanessa, who else has been working on these loose filings? Vanessa turned red and said, no one, only me. Lie. SEIU wasn't helpful at all regarding the termination even with the truth right there in their face. They absconded their responsibility in many ways as they did with my final dealings with them in Los Angeles which were worse. No attorney would help (obviously). This is the American work environment people are not told about and prepared for. Sorry, getting and maintaining employment is more than a firm handshake and nice smile. I worked for Kaiser for over 3 years, almost 4. Certainly it is true that such cases are difficult when there is no one at work to stand up for you, but I don't accept that they are impossible. I believe it is just a matter of will and who is stepping into the office. If I wasn't a target of a government disintegration/decomposition program, I would have been helped. Attorneys are smart, they know how companies work. They know what happens in offices more than I do. They hear these complaints over and over. I am sure at some point a strategy for dealing with them must have been developed or, there would be no employment lawyers because there would be no money in it. This was an easy lawsuit, but no one would help me.
+Company 3 I worked here for a very short period of time before quitting, a few months. My luck with employment goes from strange to stranger. This was the first employer to 'drug' me. Drugging in the form of food offering is the modus operandi for Los Angeles. The pattern between here and DPSS, is that is really the most obvious start of what is to come. I was drugged and got into a single conflict with a coworker and decided, I am done. That is what I mean by knowing when to quit. I got the point early so the damage wasn't as severe and I was only getting paid $11 per hour and it just wasn't worth it to try to transfer or try to get anyone to change which is a complete waste of time. Plus working for Kaiser and trying to get attorneys to help taught me a few things. It is not the TI, it is the employer. There is no reaching perps or mobbers. Again, the purpose of the drugging is several fold, they are unsure what you will say or do afterward. If you say something, well, to their advantage. By saying nothing, uncertain on how to handle such things, just shock and disbelief, wanting to keep the job...like a woman hit for the first time by the person she loves, still to their advantage but you harbor anger and guilt. Of course I said nothing. I had no health insurance and no established doctor.. The person who was working with me kept prodding me to not move and focus on what he was showing me. I was being taught something new as I was experiencing this.
+To add on to the general hostilities, I was also called stupid by another coworker who worked with me at night who I raised my voice to and got reprimanded by the supervisor for not taking the higher road (imagine the audacity of telling me I had to take the higher road after all the crap they have done), saying nothing and just reporting. TIs always have to take the higher road. The two times I was drugged at work (DPSS/Company 3), I had no established doctor and health insurance may not have been strongly established because it happened so early in employment to set the stage like a presage. When I was hired a Company 3, the hiring person said that they have had a lot of problems regarding diversity in the workplace and he was making an attempt to make the workplace more diverse. Trying to figure this all out, I thought and later gave some credence to the idea after reading employers hiring goons to gang stalk employees, that employers may drug unwanted employees, not knowing how you will react, to stave off lawsuits by calling them crazy. If you say something open like what was said about Stephan, well, your crazy. If you say nothing, you are in eternal unhappiness because you feel like a sucker and they got away (which they always do). The person who called me stupid said that there may be something in the works to get rid of him (Stephan). Bad work environment obviously if these kinds of things went on. I have no clue as to who slipped me something. There were chefs or cooks of some kind for some of the higher level employees and film colorists. It was a woman who offered to make everyone sandwiches that one day and never again for me, though made sandwiches again for others and someone said she cooked in some capacity for the higher level employees.
+I have had a few other jobs inbetween the major employeers and not experienced anything too significant, in fact associated with another employee outside of work and kept in touch for a time. However, these were just part-time positions and little money. If the employment allowed for the maintenance of life...a home, a car, vacation time etc, the targeting would be severe, more than just attitudes to deal with.
+Los Angeles County Department of Social Services District #83 This is a cut and paste sitution from my documentation since it is so recent. I wish I could do more than just embarass. I have no smoking gun and a few pieces of evidence have been lost along the way. Working for DPSS was the most severe life changing experience because the harassment was severely applied noticeably outside of work. In the Bay Area I was still able to maintain associations. I had a life or I thought I had which is really more accurate. I attended groups and could get to know people. Los Angeles wanted control of all aspects of my life, every association, every place I frequented, even a cafe. But you can read about that in My Story. If you have no fear of consequences, there is no need to hide, so everything was blatant. I had an attorney from Orange County, he advertises for 'standing up for the little guy' who said he saw no reason for me to leave DPSS and all that what I went through was...'trivial'. This is only an overview.
+10/19/2007 was my first complaint to Mr. Lozano at that time one of the deputies. The event occurred 10/18/07. This complaint was against Brenda Lewis and her behavior related to attempt in asking a work related question and her perceived interruption of her personal conversation. I was shouted back to my desk by her and the clerk LaTonya Bradley. I included in the letter her statements regarding her brother “hating gay people…just hating them” according to her. The comments made me feel uncomfortable, she sat directly behind me with no divider and they were shouted right into my ear, but didn’t believe were related to me. I don't care what someone's feelings are or biases, I was very upset they were shouted in my ear and I wasn't in the mood to hear her personal attitudes. You may feel like saying certain things, but I may not feel like hearing it. You have every right to say it, but please, take into consideration, I also have the right not to hear it. I just may not be in the mood for it. Especially if I don't know you or care what you have to say. So take into consideration your surroundings when you have stupid off the cuff remarks to make. There are other ears.
+I accepted a piece of coffee cake from Brenda Lewis (garbage) to my detriment in 2007, shortly after being moved to her unit and shortly after my employment with DPSS. It was laced with something. This was drugging number two. I became 'tired' after eating the cake. A little off balance because I already have medical problems, but mainly a tired feeling came over me. Being that this was number two, I saved the cake in my car, not eating it all and gave a portion of it to my college aged child to see her reaction, she said she became tired. I didn't mention any thing more about it to her that day so not to upset her. All of the mobbing had already taken its toll and she wouldn't have believed me anyway and didn't when I did. It took some time for her. I would mention more than once. Later there was a little bit of a break down in regards to what I was saying and a stronger acknowledgment a few years down the road that she did, in fact, become tired after eating the cake.
+9/5/2008 Teresa Valedez offered raffles to everyone on the floor and walked right past me. Similar things were done with previous raffle tickets and district T-shirts. During police dispatcher training we were shown some videos related, but not specifically called, workplace mobbing. It was more related to hostile working environments. So the videos were an educational tool that I would say served two purposes: to expose potential victims to the tactics of hostile working environments and to serve as an educational tool for those who engage in mobbing activities so they couldn't later say they didn't know what they were doing was wrong. One of the tactics for creating a hostile work environment was exclusion. People would offer things to everyone in the work place but one person. There would be a workplace event, but all were invited except one person. You get the point. Certainly it is nice having that information and training and it has been helpful when dealing with such things and recognizing behavior, but what is the use when legally no one will help you because you are a non-entity?
+10/9/08 Latonya Bradley yelling down the hallway and calling me stupid for doing work. Strange that a clerk would be concerned what I was doing and not her clerk responsibilities. Didn't understand until later, though everyone else knew, that I was going to be transferred to Walton's unit. So taking it easy and not doing any work at all and leaving to someone else was probably smarter. I tried to make this a formal grievance unlike the 10/2007 complaint, but the union steward Lorna Young was so unassistive that she didn't even want to give me the proper grievance form and I was given a Two-Way Gram. Not knowing the procedure, the grievance went on a Two-Way Gram thinking that was the proper union grievance form. I didn't have the union number to verify and, why shouldn't I trust her. I never had a conflict with her and she is the 'union steward'. What is society coming to?
+12/16/2008 Found that a participant's social security cards were not in case. This has happened 3-4 other times. Spoke with child support worker who stated everything she received was complete with social security cards. I also documented everything that the participant provided. If I document that the social security cards are present, they were there. Not only would social security cards be missing but whole cases even after being given to the supervisor.
+12/17/2008 I was screamed at by Clarice Walton downstairs in the interview area because she believed that I put a post-it on her computer screen. I explained to her I didn’t. She screamed back that I did and would be speaking with me later regarding it. She never did follow up with the ‘concern’ she expressed in the participant interview area. When in her unit, there were prayers that were said prior to eating, her being a actual or studying minister, however, I was never asked to participate. Much of the snacks that the supervisor brought in, well, I was left out of the group. I would be aloof until an offering was made, unsure if it included me or just a special something for the rest of the unit.
+5/1/2009 I went to Supervisor Carr regarding a question, she curled her lip at me, looked me up and down. I explained that that behavior makes me feel uncomfortable asking questions. Additional event took place 5/4/2009.
+7/15/2009 Regina Collins made a comment regarding me carrying my purse to the bathroom. I told her don’t worry about my bag or purse, after which she entered my cubicle pointing her finger in my face and left calling me “crazy”.
+11/24/2009 There was a Thanksgiving potluck that was chiefly organized by Blanca Gomez. Her statements to me were that, though it was time for things to start, eating could not take place without having prayer first. She repeated the statements several times as other employees including the deputies were entering. If I attempted to obtain any items, lids were closed on me except my own. As everyone filed in and gathered in the circle to pray I stepped out. Deputies, DPSS administators in a circle praying before eating. Ok. When I reentered the room, the door was pushed closed on me as I opened it by Louisa Barreto. attachment This was the tipping point after many comments starting from 2007. I was asked by a person who said that she was a trainer at the DPSS academy around 7am in the morning after being called into the office to sign something related to the overtime I worked... "what my home church was". I told her I hadn't any. Her response was "what are you some kind of atheist?" Well, sucker, you need the job, keep your head down and don't say anything, smile. That bothered me. It was the snide way in which it was said and unnecessary and too damn early in the morning for bullshit. The work environment is such that come to prayer announcements were said over the public annoucement system. There were other comments from Betty Winston (who sat on the other side of me) regarding..."this atheist over here...and I hate atheist" when talking to the other person in the next cubicle. Being that I have been through so much, I have a higher tolerance for stupid comments. I am also a little more open minded. I will say that I don't mean to suggest that it is a healthy tolerance. I wasn't as offended by her comments as maybe some would have been. Things hadn't settle concretely or I am just a slow learner as to what was happening or how far it would go. So, let me explain. If someone called me a nigger, I would laugh. Whatever, you and your opinion mean nothing to me. As long as those words have no power. Now, if your calling me a nigger and that can determine my mode of existence on the planet, now we got a problem. Or the comments are unrelenting, there is a problem because I am just sick of hearing your stupid comments and being bothered. There was a build up of implied remarks regarding my lack of religion. I would even got comments from Securitas security guards at DPSS. I think one of them was another minister outside of doing security. Overtime and being that it happened outside of work as well, I got tired of it. Just tired of it. Sick of it. The Thanksgiving potluck was just a tipping point. I started taping way too late and wasn't as vigilant as I should have been.
+12/7/2009 I had brought to the clerk Marvia Beatty’s attention that a Qr7 needed to be rescanned because it was not scanned properly. She told me to go get it out of the box, a large card board box where QR7s are stored in an unorganized fashion too tedious to retrieve. To give you an idea, over 1,000 pieces of paper to thumb through for someone else's error. No incentive to find errors and mention them. I explained that it was her mistake and she is responsible for putting the QR7s in the box, she was the clerk, she should retrieve it. She didn’t want to and went to the supervisor Glenda Carr who she believed would support her and not me in making me retrieve out of the box. She was right in her thinking because Ms. Carr placed on my desk a piece of paper telling me to box pull the Qr7 (step it and fetch it) and provide it to the clerk. Being that that is the clerks duty, that is a short demotion. This is just the conversation that took place. Attachment 1, 2,3, 4
+12/24/2009 and 4/7/10 I noticed that more of my training materials related to income and inconsequential personal items such as lunch schedule were missing from my desk area.
+1/12/2010 Received two case from Carr stating they were incomplete. Both conformed to policy.
+1/14/2010 Had meeting with Mrs. Thornton regarding issue of disparate treatment of QR7s and presented QR7s that Carr and others were not held to same standard and were not policy appropriate. Thornton agreed that I was right and admitted I was being treated differently.
+1/29/10 Pictures that were posted in my cubicle were ripped down.
+4/7/2010 Found a case comment by Lorica Yates dated 3/29/10 stating that I refused to assist her regarding a QR7. It was an event that never took place and was reviewed and authorized by Carr without ever having presenting the issue to me. I spoke with Director Robinson and Thornton regarding case comment and explained that no documentation was ever provided to me to attach to the QR7. I presented Mr. Robinson a previous occurrence suggesting that such exceptions regarding income and handling of cases that are not hers may be due to the fact that she knows the participant.
+4/13/2010 Received yet another complaint from ES Carr stating that she would not authorize a case when using the “year-to-date” to calculate missing check stub. It is part of DPSS training that this can be done, it has been done and authorized by her for me as well as others.
+4/16/2010 For the second time I had the door shut on me after propping open to make a private call in the stair area. Having the door shut on you essentially locked in the stair area. The first time I propped door open with my shoe and actually caught door before they shut it. My shoe was removed to the interior of the building. If I hadn’t of caught door than I would have been hobbling around on with one shoe to the outside to reenter the building if no one opened the door after knocking on it. Forth time occurred was 10/4/2010 where Cecilia Steen pulled my shoe out and locked me in stairwell. The two other times dates unfound.
+4/22/10 Called Patsy Howard to be reassigned to a different SEIU Advocate other than Stephanie Aguilar. There was a meeting on 2/10/10 during which I explained privately to her what was happening. She said that she read the file which include the list of work incidents but she trivialized it as if what I was going through was nothing. She was evasive and didn’t say anything useful or helpful for my situation. I asked her a question, which I emphasized, I wanted a direct answer. I asked her, ‘when these things occur in a workplace, that means you are being pressured to quit’. Her response was ‘yes’. I explained to her about my car being broken into and provided the pertinent information regarding the steward manual and Brenda Lewis. She didn’t seem impressed with anything I said and only asked me if there was anything written on the boots. I said, ‘no’. She told me that she was a target at one time too, but in her case it was sexual harassment. (Like I cared and wasn't appropriate matter to be discussing at that time. Workplace mobbing is far more harmful than sexual harassment and receives little attention. With sexual harassment, HR needs to transfer someone asap that is how strong the laws are). She told me she quit Los Angeles County and joined SEIU. She suggested that I quit because they are going to keep on doing what they are doing. I asked what the union would do regarding this. Her only response was, if you get written up regarding anything, we will request additional training for you. I said, why would ‘I’ require additional training as if I am the person who is doing something wrong? Why is no one doing anything regarding what ‘they’ are doing? It makes no sense. Her response was that is what we do. Also during the private meeting between me and Stephanie Aguilar, she jumped into the religious topic which I thought was out of place and rude. I explained I am not interested in the conversation. {Religious conversations don't interest me}. But she pressed. She said her husband and her used to be atheists and now were not. She asked if I explored any religions and what I thought happened after death. If I believed in hell. I mentioned that heaven and hell are right here on earth and her response was ‘this is hell.’ I explained, that is why it is so important to make this a good place to live. During the actually meeting Director Derrick Robinson (Code Name?) made a similar comment, ‘that life is short and it would be better to quit’. I was reassigned to Talbert Mitchell, another SEIU advocate, but later requested to have him removed as well. But was never reassigned. SEIU would do nothing to assist me. I paid dues to a corrupt union to receive nothing in return. Now unions may work for some people. They have to or no one would want them. But they certainly do not work for all people, at all times fairly. Being a TI, you don't get union assistance, but they don't mind taking your money. In, my opinion, if a union can't work for people fairly across the board, you don't need a union. It would be better not to have them. But, of course, there is that person who just doesn't give a damn about anyone else because it works for them and that is the only person it needs to work for.
+4/27/2010 I was coming down from the forth floor elevator area which stopped on the 2nd floor. Carr saw me in the elevator, grunted something audible from seeing me and refused to get on elevator.
+Drugging done by Brenda Lewis in 2007 shortly after moving to the QR7 unit that she was supervising at the time, if the date was recorded, that documenation is just unfound. Prostitution comments by Brenda Lewis and Lorica Yates documentation I believe recorded but unfound.
+5/21/10 There was a comment by Chao Nguyen who made the same comment regarding prostitution adding in “diseases” as a natural progression to the rumor. I remember Chao telling me a story that a man was trying to 'set him up' with sleeping with an underage girl. I asked, 'since you knew that the girl was underage, did you call the police to help her?' He said, 'no'. I explained, 'Why not and I would have call them.' Some time later I realized, someone isn't going to try to set you up with something you haven't done before. His story was also in regards to how bad California is. Being from Vietnam, I would think he would take a higher road against tyranny. When I hit him back with this he mentioned to one of the older clerks who would visit him "that someone is going to kill her."
+7/19/10
+Received call from participant regarding case. Incorrectly informed her regarding supplemental. Pt called back and said that Terrell McGee and Mr. Sotelo both said that they don't know why said that and that I am always providing wrong information. Terrell McGee is one of the worst, most unproductive workers in my opinion and also carries the least case load compared to others in his unit (or at least when I was there). I emailed Mrs. Thornton and explained what was said, that was unprofessional, disrespectful, misleading. He could have simply stated I was wrong rather than slander me. Better yet, since the question was not QR7 related, but related to benefits, rather than pass off to someone else, he could have answered the question.
+9/23/10 Angel Brice and throws some papers on my desk that were unnecessary and I through them in the garbage stack. As she leaves my cubicle area, stares through for about a good 60 seconds with a curled lip and opens her eyes wide to show she is angry about something. My response is, “Can I help you with something?” I spoke that day to her supervisor Nadine Coleman, her response was to chuckle and say “that seems strange and I will talk to her.”
+10/4/1010 Last time locked in the stairwell by Cecelia Steen. Like everyone, she removes shoe to the interior of the office, or the other side of the door. Once the door is shut, it is impossible to reenter, because, up to that point, the key card was not working with those emergency exit doors. 10/6/2010 had a meeting with Mrs. Thornton, Pearlie Brown and union steward Lorna Young regarding this. Around this time they worked to get the key cards to work for that door. Mrs. Thornton said that she would speak with Cecelia for being insensitive.
+11/1/10 Colbert came yelling as I was on lunch that a lobby sweep needed to be done. I explained I was at lunch. She states 'my lunch seems to change daily.' I said nothing. She walked away again saying 'I'm sick of this shit.'
+1/22/10 my car was broken into after attending a SEIU Steward orientation. At that orientation I grabbed another manual to replace the one given to me by Brenda Lewis who asked that I return it once I obtained a copy of my own. I had written in the one given to me by Brenda Lewis. I retrieved the manual from the car and put on Brenda Lewis’s desk that morning. That Saturday when vacuuming the car out, I found the manual I have given her in my car. At that moment I had two manuals, both unfortunately with a page ripped out because I had written in both of them short of paper while driving. 2/10/10 there was a SEIU grievance meeting where I mentioned to the union advocate.
+The common practices allowed at DPSS for some workers (not me, I had to be there on time or someone would complain), show up to work 1-2 hours late daily. One and half to Two hour lunches daily. When a supervisor isn't there, certain people are gone for the day after showing up two hours late and two hour lunch. Attachment 2. That is another coworker complaining about the missing from action special privileges of specifically Lorica Yates. Incentives for good mobbing behavior is you don't need to work. When the privileges are shared, well, no one complains, so his complaining stopped later. What is administrations response to this? Attachment 3 Cover each other and I don't want to get involved which for me they never did anyway. Fine when you have someone to cover for you. Administration's view of complaining Attachment 4,dry snitch. This is just the example of the mentality of administration not an important concern that will be addressed. But at DPSS, everyone is slime so no need to sympathize with anyone. Other perks, well, if you are a person who is aware of the mobbing happening or possibly friends with someone at DPSS, your income will not count toward your welfare benefits or not all of it. Personally I don't know why they didn't move their favorite cases to their favorite workers so that I am completely unaware. But no, cases I handled were often done by other workers when I would request all check stubs. The person forced out is me. I found out the DPSS official reason for my quitting the job was personal reasons. I wanted to leave the state of California. That certainly wasn't what I stated in my resignation letter. Certainly the employer has the same list of complaints that are showing here. I would also get approached by Glenda Carr and Pearlie Brown regarding the QR7 not being updated in Periodic Reporting screen. It would show as "not received". Our computer system, Leader, would record those changes at the time, before a computer update changed the programs so that no date would be visibly registered regarding that change. Previously, it was blatantly apparent that the it was changed from "received" to "not received". For those who don't understand, don't worry about it. It is just a case of work sabotage and harassment over things I didn't do...disturb my peace of mind. The blatantness would not matter because no one will say anything and no attorney will ever help a TI/me. This was done, they felt, so air tight that I hadn't a prayer. Which is apparently true with no legal assistance. There are holes in the story. I had one therapist who said from all this, I needed to toughen up. Not just from the mobbing at work. I explained to all that I was being organized mobbed by a Network of people. I can't believe how outrageous this all is. The Target is to blame.
+I would get participants calling me up saying...Oh, Ms...I know that you are going to be on vacation next week..." I brought this to the attention of Supervisor Glenda Carr who said she never said anything and the same thing happens to her and others...right, if you believe that. This is one of those tactics of expert manipulators...'yes, it happens to me too'...I am also a victim. How does an employee's vacation time become information that participants would have?
+My car while parked in the garage would be tampered with. My car leaks no oil. I had checked it the night before to see if it looked like it need to be changed and I just got into the habit of check the fluids. So the night before I check and it was full. The next day, after work, before heading to my therapy appointment, I check it again and there was no oil in the car. There was no oil drippings anywhere. The car alarm churped back as if the car had been entered on a daily basis.
+With all of these happenings DPSS was the only company that ever contested my unemployment as a form of retaliation and also won. There was a clear conspiracy between DPSS and the hearing representative from the California Unemployment Insurance Appeals Board “CUIAB” to deny me unemployment benefits....additional retailiation. DPSS appealed stating that I quit because I wanted to 'leave state'. I submitted EEOC documents, emails, union grievances and also provided the exact reason why I was forced into a 'constructive discharge' in the termination letter (discrimination, harassment, disparate treatment, workplace mobbing and hostile work environment). DPSS provided no documentation to substantiate their claim and during the hearing when Derek Robinson was asked directly...'after all we have went over in this hearing...why did she leave?' His response was, "I don't know." The person conducting the hearing, Brian Faulkner, "did" (to correct) provide a statement as how he reach his decision (EDD DETERMINATION ) and believed that I left "voluntarily and without good cause." That the incidents that took place amounted to "petty irritations...of everyday life", amounting to nothing more than "transitory normal friction" which must be "borne, and do not constitute good cause for learning work." He states that "the evidence with regard to these types of incidents simply does not show the concerted, deliberate, harassing, and discriminatory environment of which the claimant complains". I believe I stated in the recording that come to prayer announcements were routine since 2007 and actually haulted some time after entering the new building. The events continued until I was out the door. As I have shown in my videos, the psychological tactics that are used are difficult to explain but not impossible. Through audio and video I can connect people's subtle behaviors. If I send and email and someone wants to daily 'make me aware' of the contents of that email were known to some perp, well, I can capture and through a series build. But I can't make someone view things honestly. If someone refuses to call black black and they have the power, there is nothing I can do. It is harder in the workplace to demonstrate the use of some of the psychological tactics. Some of the things in his determination are taken out of context without proper clarification requested and certainly he has interpreted the events and law to match the conclusion he desires to reach. He states: "In December 2009, co-workers with 'religious beliefs' organized a Christmas holiday part which the claimant was not invited to attend." I don't understand the 'inclusion' of 'religious beliefs' into the sentence. It was a Christmas party (just like in any workplace) organized and conducted by people within the QR7 unit that I was not aware that it was happening until after the fact. Is he implying that only religious people celebrate or should celebrate Christmas so there was good cause to exclude me? Is Christmas, as celebrated, religious? I certainly have never looked at Christmas that way. For me it is a tree, lights, food, family and presents and is completely devoid of any other meaning.
+Another point he mentioned: "On at least two occasions...the claimant entered a secured stairwell which was to remain locked except in emergency situations so she could make a private cell phone call, and propped the stairwell door open with her shoe...." This language was created Faulkner himself without basis or fact. This information was not provided to him by me nor DPSS during the hearing. The fact of the matter is, the stairwell was well used by others to go to various floors and return, for personal exercising using the steps, phone calls and private discussions between coworkers. After my many complaints of having the door shut on me, knowing I had entered the stairwell, there was an attempt to make sure that "everyone's badge" worked with the door. It was NOT a secured stairwell expected to 'remain locked except in emergency situations' nor was this asserted by DPSS. Faulkner, in private, made an assumption because my badge did not work. Also, from the first occurrence and first formal complaint, I was never reprimanded or informed that I was unable to do what all other employees did, and make use of the stairwell. I hope to have the time to redue the website and make the necessary points.
+Part I of EDD of California Hearing and Part II
+Just to touch on a few things in Derek Robinson's testimony, was he at the potluck, yes he was, as was other members of Administration such as Covina Thornton. No potluck or any other kind of employee festivity could take place without Administration's approval...without Derek Robinson's approval which was a concern of employees and expressed in SEIU steward/Administration meetings I was apart of being a temporary steward. The potluck took place in the main meeting conference room, so again, it would require approval by Administration. About 57:00 minutes into the hearing on Part I, Derek Robinson stated that there he 'never' saw any..."overt expressions of religion in the workplace....[nor did]...any member of his management team"....[who would make sure there were not any 'overt expressions' displayed. Well, if you listen to "Attachment 2" that was Mr. Lauago and I discussing the very strange, very, very large bright orangish colored and very hypocritcal sign of Lorica Yates facing 'my' desk that said: God is always watching and listening. The cubicle partitioned isles had 'overt' religious expressions too. Specifically the isle leading to Brenda Lewis's desk was called "Faith Street" and the isle leading down the hall, away from her area was called "Reason Street". It is like he is saying he never walked the isles to go anywhere in the office. Even after my discrimination complaint some of these things remained. Near the ending Derek Robinson was asked...'why did she quit' and his response was, "I don't know." There were several meetings regarding my discrimination complaint that were organized by Derek Robinson. There was an initial one with him and an additional one that included a steward from SEIU that always gave me Two-Way Grams rather than the grievances I requested, Covina Thornton and Mrs. Shealy. This meeting I got the impression they wanted to see what I 'had' against them. I discussed in that meeting all of the things that had occurred up until that point. I also at various times and various meetings mentioned to Derek Robinson and Covina Thornton the workplace mobbing aspect of my experience. This was brought up when it was suggested that maybe I 'move' yet again to a different supervisor. I remained in the QR7 unit because the 'move' when have just made things worse and because the QR7 unit offered me more control over the work sabotaging activities that were occurring. Moving into 'intake', I would have less control and less oversight regarding documents and regarding assignment of cases. It would have given the 'mobbers' 'more' control over me. As I have explained in some of the preceding paragraphs. I also included with the documents to CUIAB a letter providing more information regarding my experiences working for DPSS and my website. I provide my website to every professional person I must interact with when it is relevent to the disintegration/decomposition circumstances I experience. I will add, if I have not already, that there may very well be a 'deeper' complication of being the target of a government disintegration/decomposition program but when someone uses characteristics of race, religion, creed, sex, disability....etc...'those' protected class characteristics to harass you, that is discrimination.
+Few words before update 5/16/12: Still updating the relevance of these documents I just put below. I am just throwing them up as I try to weave things into a story. I am slow to get things done. But briefly, I had to order my Social Security file for bankruptcy court and found that the diagnosis moved from PTSD to schizophrenia. I wasn't aware that people could become schizophrenic overnight and what is even more disturbing, people know that it is a lie. Every perpetrator on the street knows what they are doing and what they have done. and every employee of the various companies know what they have done.
+Benjamin Skolnik, in his report, mentioned what I "don't have" as evidence so he felt 'safe' in commenting and using to support his conclusion that I am schizoprenic and delusional and whatever (I haven't read thoroughly). But, let's say that I did have video of the helicopter...one of the incidents I reported previously regarding the Buena Park police officers (so many police cars on me that night it looked like a murder scene) coming to my car to intimdate me after I posted that paper from Brown Investigation on this website. If I did have that on video, it wouldn't matter, I would still be schizophrenic. No matter what facts I provide.
+Anyway, I am weaving all this together
+performance evaluations......termination letter .......Social Security Medical Record.....EEOC
+Affirmative Action after leaving DPSS
+HR letter May 4th and May 17th.......Office of Affirmative Action.....bankruptcy complaint.....Cots Trash Perp setup restraining order(all those colluding on this one....police, Cots Staff and residents, the judge I don't know. But being that this is a homeless shelter it seems he would have questioned the circumstances before issuing an order to vacate the only homeless shelter in Burlington that at times has openings. If I was causing such problems, well, Cots Staff could have handled it themselves as they have no problem doing. When the police officer came during the night he asked me if I knew the person, I said no. I don't know how you can stalk someone you don't know. I have all on tape and hope to complete soon.)
+What it's like to fly on Air New Zealand's new Airbus A321neo
+Air New Zealand’s first and factory-fresh Airbus A321neo is now flying, making its debut as NZ739 from Auckland to Brisbane on Friday November 23, and soon to appear on flights to Sydney and Melbourne as well.
+It’s the first of 13 new Airbus ‘neo’ (New Engine Option) aircraft to join the AirNZ fleet, and Australian Business Traveller was on board its inaugural passenger flight to see what the next-gen jet has to offer.
+Air New Zealand’s Airbus A321neo: seating
+With an all-economy layout spanning 214 seats in a 3-3 configuration, these planes come without business class…
+… the closest substitute being the ‘Works Deluxe’ experience, when you purchase the highest-price economy class airfare.
+This pairs the typical business class staples of priority check-in and boarding with extra space on board – that’s in an economy class bulkhead row, extra-legroom or ‘Space+’ seat – along with complimentary meals and alcoholic drinks, and two checked bags (although not lounge access).
+Works Deluxe passengers also have a ‘neighbour-free guarantee’, which means the middle seat in these rows will be kept empty to provide some extra elbow room, too: similar in concept to Euro Business, but which allows your ticket to still say ‘economy’:
+Assuming you’re in one of these extra-legroom seats, knee room is more than ample – most seats have a pitch of 83cm (32.7 inches – pictured), although some are a little cosier at 81cm/31.9 inches.
+Read: Best seats aboard Air New Zealand’s Airbus A321neos
+There’s ample space to stretch forward…
+… including at the bulkhead, where I could only just reach the bulkhead wall when seated, despite being 6ft tall:
+Of note is that while the window and aisle seats measure at 44cms wide, the middle seats in every row are actually 2cm wider, so while that’s probably not enough incentive to forgo your usual window/aisle preference, if you do get stuck in the middle, there’s at least a little more space:
+In front of you sits a dual compartment pocket – the section at the back is best for larger, thinner items like tablets, laptops and iPads…
+… while the section closest to you accommodates water bottles and the like. Being a new aircraft, the pockets are particularly tight, so you may need to pull its leading edges towards you to properly access the space:
+Above that, a fold-down tray table…
+… which is adequate for dining, but on the smaller side for any laptop work. I was still able to type comfortably on my Microsoft Surface, which already places the centrally-mounted keyboard at a downward angle by design, but this may not suit all devices.
+To the seat itself, I found it relatively comfortable when sitting upright, given it has an adjustable headrest and plenty of padding, but when working on my laptop, edged it back just slightly for a tad more working space, which still gave plenty of room for the passenger behind.
+Air New Zealand’s Airbus A321neo: inflight entertainment
+While some airlines are making a push towards entertainment served on passengers’ own devices, that’s not the case here…
+… with content provided via fixed entertainment screens, which respond to soft touches and swiping gestures – unlike older inflight monitors which need to be pressed much harder or with the tip of your nail.
+The content you’ll have access to depends on the fare type you’ve booked. Passengers travelling on Seat and Seat+Bag tickets have access to complimentary TV shows, music and games (movies available for purchase), while guests on Works and Works Deluxe fares get movies at no extra charge.
+Naturally, all passengers can view the moving map…
+… and tucked away below the display monitor are two headphone connectors. You can plug a regular, single 3.5mm headphone connector into either port for stereo sound; a dual-pin aircraft-type plug, again for stereo sound; or can connect two pairs of headphones to watch a movie together with your seatmate.
+Next to that, you’ll also find a typical USB power port for charging small devices like smartphones, alongside a slim USB-C outlet: useful if you have a relatively new device that adopts this standard.
+However, this is instead of a standard AC power port, so if your device isn’t USB-C capable, or it doesn’t charge via USB at all, you’re out of luck.
+Even then, the outlet supply is limited to 27 watts, which is ample for smartphones and tablets and sufficient for a 29-watt MacBook Air, but as larger MacBook Pro models ship with chargers of up to 87 watts – ditto other larger laptops – these devices will charge slowly at best, or when in use, lose their charge at a lower rate than running on battery power alone.
+Air New Zealand’s Airbus A321neo: inflight WiFi
+Finally, this aircraft – and all of AirNZ’s future ‘neo’ jets – will offer inflight Internet, as is already available on some of Air New Zealand’s other planes.
+On this inaugural flight, all passengers had complimentary access, although normal pricing is NZD$30 for a flight pass on journeys between Australia and New Zealand, as was charged on my Boeing 777 flight from Brisbane to Auckland earlier the same week.
+Being the plane’s first passenger flight, the WiFi service was still being tweaked with engineers on board, and went offline for about half an hour after take-off while the system rebooted. When it came back online, downloads of 1.4-4.7Mbps and uploads of 3.2-5Mbps were measured.
+That’s very reasonable for a satellite connection, particularly in the sky, and was more than usable as it wasn’t ‘announced’ that the connection was free – only revealed if you logged in for access – but if every passenger had connected, those speeds wouldn’t have been achievable, of course.
+All in all, Air New Zealand’s Airbus A321neo is a welcome addition to Australian skies, and while it may not feature business class as on the airline’s Boeing 777 and 787 jets, the Works Deluxe experience isn’t a bad option if one of these all-economy flights is the best fit for your schedule.
+Just note, airport lounge access isn’t included as standard with Works Deluxe and can’t be purchased from AirNZ, so have your Star Alliance Gold card or Air New Zealand Koru membership card attached to your booking for access to the airline’s lounges – or a Priority Pass card for other lounge options.
+Also read: Five things you need to know about AirNZ's A321neo
+Chris Chamberlin travelled to Auckland as a guest of Air New Zealand.
+Hi Guest, join in the discussion on What it's like to fly on Air New Zealand's new Airbus A321neo
+Air New Zealand - Airpoints
+10 Aug 2015
+Total posts 79
+I'm assuming the credit card feature to buy movies on board is still available? Sometimes use this on a seat only fare.
+24 Apr 2012
+Total posts 3014
+Hi kiwiwings, from the article: "Passengers travelling on Seat and Seat+Bag tickets have access to complimentary TV shows, music and games (movies available for purchase)", and yes, you can pay via credit card to make that payment, as before.
+Being a commercial flight (and a full one at that), I wasn't able to go seat-hopping, unfortunately.
+Qantas - Qantas Frequent Flyer
+28 Jul 2016
+Total posts 108
+It’s great to see AirNZ install the A350 style pivot bins which have a lot more baggage space and look cleaner. Looks like they’ve done pretty well (apart from no Business class cabin)!👏👍
+08 Sep 2018
+Total posts 16
+It’s a interesting concept. I’d say remove the loco +Bag stuff, and considering Virgin have ditched it they probably could follow suit and get away with it, but will obviously mean more expensive fares. It cheapens the image.
+18 Mar 2014
+Total posts 94
+Why would Air NZ rule out a large part of the market by dropping the Seat and Seat+Bag products? Also, Virgin (and Qantas) don't provide you a "free bag" on each flight, you're paying for it one way or another. The Works product from Air NZ competes with VA/QF.
+Air New Zealand - Airpoints
+21 Jan 2016
+Total posts 178
+Air NZ has found, there is no requirement to have a Business Class product on the A321/A320 international fleet, as the fleet is mainly for the leisure market. Air NZ has researched Airpoints Gold and Gold Elite members and found they are happy to pay for Seat or Seat & Bag fare for flights under 4 hours. If they or other business travelers want a business class product, then they fly the wide bodies.
+Delta Air Lines - SkyMiles
+16 Oct 2017
+Total posts 95
+"If they or other business travelers want a business class product, then they fly the wide bodies."
+Air New Zealand - Airpoints
+21 Jan 2016
+Total posts 178
+Its not going to happen on the the A320/A321's. As mentioned, Air NZ has researched the business market and have found business travelers are happy with the Seat, Seat & Bag, the Works and Works Deluxe products and fares. Most of Air NZ business travelers are from NZ and lessor from Australia.
+The other factor in all economy configuration, that is Air NZ has greater fleet flexibility especially in the leisure market and better aircraft utilization compared to Qantas and Virgin Australia.
+Qantas - Qantas Frequent Flyer
+02 Sep 2018
+Total posts 130
+Would still fly their wide-body 787/777 flights.
+NZ
+13 Aug 2016
+Total posts 45
+The majority of NZ’s Tasman passengers are flying Seat Only or Seat & Bag, why give them an free meal and drink? When the majority of the market thinks they must be gettting an great deal. NZ has built them self up an large locally following, who will just go directly to NZ’s site to book an short-haul fare.
+Virgin Australia - Velocity Rewards
+06 Mar 2015
+Total posts 146
+The "works Deluxe" might guarantee the seat next to you is empty but quite a lot of travellers don't realise that you share that space with the other passenger on the other side of this seat. Sure it gives you extra elbow room on one side but not exclusive use of the middle vacant seat. This caught some of my family members out who thought the space was theirs only and they could stretch right out . Bit of a let down really!!
+Virgin Australia - Velocity Rewards
+14 Mar 2017
+Total posts 143
+I would have thought that was obvious, having booked it myself.
+Virgin Australia - Velocity Rewards
+06 Mar 2015
+Total posts 146
+Not at all "obvious" as it happened on a couple of occasions to friends/ family so it can be misconstrued.
+Qantas - Qantas Frequent Flyer
+23 Sep 2017
+Total posts 141
+LCC service for a full service carrier price
+Virgin Australia - Velocity Rewards
+20 Nov 2017
+Total posts 104
+What's the leg room like at the regular Y seats?
+24 Apr 2012
+Total posts 3014
+Hi stmaus, you can find that here in one of our earlier articles.
+Air New Zealand - Airpoints
+21 Jan 2016
+Total posts 178
+Just flown on the A321neo AKL/MEL/AKL 25/26 Nov 18, the seat and legroom is good especially with the 74cm pitch seats which I flew AKL/MEL but beware, due to the seat design that allows for more comfort and legroom, the IFE screen is almost in your face which can be hard on your eyes and even more so, if the person reclines their seat.
+The seats that have 81cm and 83cm pitch are good for Trans Tasman travel.
+The seats being used for the A320/A321neo are latest generation of slimline seats and are comfortable for 3-4 hour flight.
+Air New Zealand - Airpoints
+04 Sep 2015
+Total posts 7
+Maybe, before you write an piece like this you check the Air New Zealand web site that shows 3/4 of the seats are 76cm (29.9 inches) and 74cm (29.1 inches) seat pitch. This is a new low for Air New Zealand.
+18 Mar 2014
+Total posts 94
+Maybe before you comment, you actually fly on the aircraft. These are a new seat design, and having sat in the rear seats myself, the leg room is equivalent to an older 737 seat with 30-31” seat pitch.
+24 Apr 2012
+Total posts 3014
+We've already covered the seat pitch issues you describe in a previous article, but this piece is based on the experience of flying in the Works Deluxe / Space+ seats, so that's the focus here (in the same way that when we publish a business class review, we don't go into detail about the experience further back, as it's not the focus of the article).
+You can find our tips for choosing the seats with a little more legroom than others in the article linked above.
+The has emerged in support of a formula setting an end to the 100-year-old clash along the lines of the 2000 “Clinton Parameters.” This consensus includes the members of the Middle East “Quartet,” the Arab League, and the mainstream Israeli and Palestinian leadership.
+Thus, Israeli and Palestinian negotiators are under pressure to conclude within the year negotiations over a final status agreement along the following lines: A Palestinian state that would be established on most of the West Bank and the Gaza Strip. Approximately 80 percent of the settler blocks in the West Bank would remain under Israeli sovereignty. In exchange, Israel would concede some territory within the 1967 Green Line borders.
+If the Clinton Parameters are followed, Palestinians would have to relinquish their claim to the “right of return” of all Palestinian refugees; sovereignty over the Temple Mount and the Western Wall will have to be resolved; and the two sides would have to agree on the division of Jerusalem.
+Unfavorable Precedents
+Bridging the differences on these issues presents a major diplomatic challenge. The willingness of the United States, the other members of the Quartet, and moderate Arab states to apply their influence during the negotiations is critical for producing a viable and long-lasting outcome.
+On the other hand, getting the Israelis and the Palestinians to conclude such an agreement proved impossible for President Bill Clinton in 2000. Former Israeli Prime Minister Ehud Barak and the late Palestinian President Yasser Arafat failed to make a deal despite pressure from President Bill Clinton and a favorable political climate.
+A decade ago, Washington was still enjoying its post-Cold War “unipolar moment” with few significant geostrategic or geoeconomic challenges and a booming economy. A relatively moderate Labor government governed Israel; its public had rejected the right-wing Likud Party blueprint for a Greater Israel. At the same time, Arafat brought together many disparate Palestinian factions in support of negotiations with Israel.
+The collapse of the Camp David talks in 2000 reflected, in large part, the inability of the two sides to narrow the chasm between their positions on Jerusalem and other issues. This breakdown helped trigger the second Palestinian Intifada and return the Likud Party to power.
+In the United States, the 9/11 attacks the following year helped establish the geopolitical environment for launching the invasion of Iraq. The attacks also reinvigorated American neoconservatives and the Israeli right-wing to advocate for their radical vision of reshaping the Middle East map (see “Why Iraq? The State of Debate on the Motives for the War”).
+The Bush administration’s “war on terror,” however, had the effect of weakening U.S. geopolitical power and its position in the Middle East. Rather than launch the Israeli-Palestinian negotiations from a position of strength – like Clinton was able to do – Obama comes to the table as U.S. military and economic power is eroding. The effort also comes at a time when the international system is quickly evolving, and global powers such as China and Russia – as well as Middle East players like Iran and Turkey – are challenging U.S. dominance.
+Moreover, Palestinian leadership is divided between the secular Fatah led by President Mahmoud Abbas, which controls of the West Bank, and the Islamist Hamas, which rules the Gaza Strip. Likud leader Benjamin Netanyahu now heads Israel’s government. He has spent much of his political career railing against the idea of ceding “Judea and Samaria” (the occupied West Bank) to the Palestinians. In the aftermath of the second Intifada and Israeli military retaliations, Israeli and Palestinian public opinion have been radicalized.
+A diplomatically and economically frail United States led by a politically weak president is much more constrained in its ability to exert leverage than it was a decade ago. Additionally, Netanyahu and Abbas do not have the political will or the public support for making the kinds of concessions made by Barak and Arafat in 2000 at Camp David.
+A Weakened President
+When President Obama addressed Muslim audiences in Istanbul and Cairo in 2009, his commitment to promoting peace between Israelis and Arabs suggested policy movement in that direction. Subsequent signs of a rift between Obama and Netanyahu over the issue of Jewish settlements seemed to reflect a new willingness on the part of a U.S. president to pressure Israel to embrace a more flexible approach to peace.
+For his part, Netanyahu made a few public comments suggesting he would accept the idea of a Palestinian state under certain conditions. But after Israel announced new settlement construction in East Jerusalem during Vice President Joe Biden’s visit to Israel this past March, the Obama administration was furious. When Netanyahu next visited Washington, Obama appeared to give the Israeli prime minister the diplomatic cold shoulder by refusing to pose with him for photographs.
+Still, Obama failed to get Netanyahu to agree to extending the moratorium on Jewish settlement growth beyond the late September deadline. Although the Israeli prime minister suggested in mid-September that he would limit the amount of new construction, he refrained from making a public commitment.
+If anything, Obama himself appears to have refrained from applying serious diplomatic pressure on the Israeli government, rather than repeat President George H.W. Bush’s battle with former Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Shamir, when Bush threatened to withhold financial aid to Jerusalem over the issue of the Jewish settlements.
+There was a palpable contrast between the downbeat mood of Netanyahu’s White House visit in April and the upbeat tenor of his meeting in July. In fact, Obama took major public steps to end what remained of the “rift” with Israel. After meeting with Netanyahu in July, the president insisted the U.S.-Israeli relationship had never been better. .”
+From a political perspective, the April meeting took place immediately after Obama’s win on health-care reform. According to the narrative in Washington at that time, Obama was starting to gain his political traction and was winning the fight with the Republican Party and its Tea Party allies. This momentum in turn would strengthen Obama’s hand in dealing with other policy issues, including strained relations with Israel (see “No Tea Parties for Bibi”).
+Unfortunately for Obama, his legislative victories have failed to sustain his personal popularity and the electoral standing of his party. There is a strong possibility Democrats will lose control of Congress after the midterm elections. Obama would then be in a far weaker position to wield influence to impact the peace process, especially as he gears up to run for a second term.
+In 2008, Obama won with the support of a large majority of American Jewish voters and is unlikely to take steps that could alienate them. As Laura Rozen has pointed out, “Some congressional Democrats have told the White House they fear that they will suffer with key donors and in the November midterms from the perception that Obama has been too tough on the Israeli leader.” Even with the launch of the pro-peace and liberal J Street lobby, Obama undoubtedly will have less political maneuvering room in the Israeli-Palestinian peace process.
+It is likely Obama hopes that by creating a sense he is “doing something” to help advance Israeli-Palestinian peace, he will be able to placate Arab moderates led by Saudi Arabia and foster a “strategic consensus” between Israel and Sunni Arab countries, a consensus that would be bolstered by concerns over the rise of a Shi’ite Iran. But that is a strategic pipe dream. The fact is, Arab leaders do not have the political will or capital to accept the sharply limited terms Netanyahu would agree to. Doing so would spell their political, if not personal, extinction.
+The Neocon-Likud Fantasy
+Sadly, this foretelling of failure is music to the ears of U.S. neoconservatives and their Likud comrades. Their fantasy: an enduring confrontation between the U.S.-led West and the Muslim world, which would turn the Israeli-Palestinian issue into a strategic sideshow and bolster Israel’s position as America’s sheriff and quasi “crusader state” in the Middle East.
+These armchair warriors hope that a U.S. attack on Iran’s nuclear installations – or granting of a “yellow light” for an Israeli attack – could transform the clash-of-civilizations scenario into a reality. They view with satisfaction the growing Islamist bent of Turkey, which coupled with the aftermath of U.S. withdrawal from Iraq and growing political instability elsewhere in the Middle East, could strengthen the power of the radicals in the region and thus create pressure for an aggressive U.S. posture.
+But this fantasy, like the earlier ones concocted by neocons in an effort to get the United States to attack Iraq, is bound to further diminish U.S. military and economic power and erode the country’s ability to support Israel and the Israeli-Palestinian peace process.
+It is not inconceivable that the momentum of the newly reinitiated peace talks could lead to some limited progress, which in turn would create an environment more conducive for reaching some level of agreement on Jewish settlements, Palestinian refugees, and Jerusalem. But even if that happens – and that remains very unlikely – the mounting opposition to such a settlement on both sides will probably be exploited by the extremists: Iran and its regional partners who back Hamas on one side; on the other, the axis of Israeli and American right-wingers, which is expected to become even more energized as Obama and the Democrats lose power.
+An American political environment that is dominated by mounting Islamophobia and rising tensions over Iran’s nuclear ambitions will likely lead to the closure of the narrow window of opportunity for an activist U.S. role in trying to resolve the conflict in the Holy Land. Whether under Republican or Democratic control, Washington will likely not have the credibility to help mediate an agreement, especially with its strategic and economic position continuing to diminish.
+Hence, unless the balance of power in Washington and worldwide starts moving in a new direction soon, Obama’s current peace processing could prove to be the last American diplomatic hurrah in the Middle East. The Israelis and the Palestinian will have to come to terms with each other eventually. But the ability of the United States to make that happen is diminishing in a very dramatic way.
+Reprinted courtesy of the Institute for Policy Studies.
+Progress in the press service of Roscosmos
+I have repeatedly dealt with the topic of popularization and PR of space , and have repeatedly discussed the activities of the press service of Roskosmos. Compared to the work of PR agencies of space agencies of other countries, our work leaves much to be desired, but a simple comparison is illegal - everyone has different budgets, different numbers, different traditions of working with information, different laws of its distribution. Therefore, I want to make a small review of the positive changes in the work of Roscosmos PR managers. There are changes for the better, although they are not so noticeable compared to other agencies.
+The reason for this analysis was another criticism of the work of the press service of Roskosmos by a colleague, a blogger and a popularizer. He recently complained that in the Russian popular science magazine “Schrödinger's Cat” , in the article about the ISS annual expedition , not a single photo from the Russian segment was posted - everything is entirely from the US, as if the station consists only of it. The reason for this selection of illustrations seems simple: on the NASA website it is much easier to find large-format images suitable for glossy printing than on the Roscosmos website. Although, it is quite likely that the editorial board of the journal did not even set such a goal - to show different segments of the station. The author of the material is Alfiya Maksutova, a good journalist, once she wrote about a private space program.but it is far from astronautics, therefore for the specialists its texts seem superficial and erroneous in some details.
+Obviously, neither the photo editor nor the “Kota” journalist will distinguish the Russian segment from the American one from the photographs, so they chose from what was on hand on the NASA website. At the same time, the Space Center. L. Johnson NASA has a large photo archive on Flickr , where, if desired, you can find pictures from the Russian part of the station. There is also an abundance of personnel from the Cosmonaut Training Center in Star City, from Baikonur and even from the walls of the Kremlin.
+It is possible to distinguish the Russian segment of the ISS from the others by appearance - the Russian interiors are closer, have yellow, beige and green shades.
+American, European and Japanese modules are much more spacious and have more white, blue, blue and pink.
+If there is a difficulty in determining the accessories, you can look at the picture in the maximum resolution and read the inscriptions on the equipment.
+And the easiest way to look at the caption to the photo, they usually write there who is in the photo, where and what they are doing.
+Roskosmos also has its own page on Flickr and from it we will begin the list of positive changes in the work of the press service that have occurred in the last couple of years.
+The Russian Flickr was opened back in 2012, but for three years only eleven photos from the ISS were posted there. More actively fill it began in 2015. Now there is the last update at the end of October 2016 - the landing of the Soyuz MS-01 spacecraft. The size of the photo archive is not comparable with NASA, but I suspect that not many people know about ours.
+Roskosmos social networks have well developed pages on Facebook , Instagram , Vkontakte , Twitter. They appeared in 2014. In Vkontakte a few years before this, the Roscosmos page was run by enthusiasts, and then transferred admin rights to representatives of the press service. Since the founding of the pages, the practice of working with them has changed significantly. If at first it was just a copy of the news feed from the official site, now separate messages have been added for users: photos from the ISS, and even the popularization of astronomy.
+Together with the Moscow Planetarium, announcements of interesting astronomical events are published under the hashtag #Astronomy For All: meteor showers, solar and lunar eclipses, spans of the ISS. It is true that there are occasional oddities, such as a warning about a solar eclipse in Madagascar, but on the whole the undertaking is positive.
+Roscosmos even supported, initiated by Planetarium, an online vote for the return of astronomy to schools. According to my observations, this is the first, for Roscosmos, an attempt to lobby its interests with an appeal to the public.
+Separately, I would like to note the triumph of SMM in the development of the Roskosmos format. Gif and its use in social networks. The art of loading gifs in the VC was mastered far from immediately, but now we are pleased with the animation during the launch of rockets and landings of space ships.
+It turned out that Roscosmos could also be in viral videos. Officially, of course, no one admits that this video was downloaded on purpose. But if it is illegal plums, then the merged must be found, caught up and rewarded.
+Although I would recommend watching the entire video in order to fully experience the atmosphere of space flight.
+Even some cosmonauts came to the social network. For example, Oleg Artemyev has 200 thousand subscribers to his Instagram. He has a very cool website with a rich photo selection.
+An active user of Vkontakte cosmonaut Sergey Volkov , he began to keep the page directly from the ISS in 2015.
+Cosmonaut Alexander Misurkin is preparing for his second flight and talks about the preparation on his pages on Facebook and Vkontakte . During our meetingat the Museum of Cosmonautics, he shared that he was leading pages in his spare time, and the main motive for him was the opportunity to convince readers that astronauts are not born, and anyone can strive for their dreams.
+Test cosmonaut Sergei Kud-Sverchkov maintains his blog , although in 2016 he published only one entry, which is probably not an easy task to prepare for his first flight.
+For those who are interested in the creation of promising space technology, the blog of Mark Serov , test cosmonaut, head of the flight test department of RSC Energia, may be interesting . His blog is the richest source of invaluable experience in the development of the Federation spacecraft and the planned lunar program.
+There are blogs of astronauts and on the Roscosmos website .
+I think the activities in social networks, all the astronauts are independently, and the merit of the press service is that they have such an opportunity - no one interferes with this. Considering the traditional closeness of our cosmonautics and the conviction of the majority of bosses that all activities are secret, such a blank check for popularization is an important achievement in opening Roscosmos to the public.
+According to the information coverage of rocket launches, Roskosmos is also slowly moving forward. Live broadcasts have long been, even despite the known setbacks. The first launch from the Vostochny cosmodrome was accompanied by the installation on the rocket of the so-called “rocket kams” - cameras placed aboard the rocket.
+The Rockettries have long been established by SpaceX, an American company, and broadcast video from them live. China is not lagging behind, they gave live broadcasts from the rocket trains, from a test launch of their heavy rocket. Roskosmos is not yet venturing on such a thing, although there is a technical possibility, but the record is a step forward, because it was necessary not only to get the permission of the leadership, but also to carry out technical development of the rocket to accommodate the cameras and the data transmission system. And the modernization of the rocket, even such a minor one, is not an easy task for our conservative industry, from the bureaucratic side.
+Pleasant trifles are sometimes added to the broadcast of rocket launches: the cosmonaut talks with the MCC, the music that plays in the ship. But long ago there was a need to accompany the launches with professional comments. It’s just that the pictures from the cosmodrome are not enough, we need more leaders and experts who can keep the viewer at the screen, tell about the essence of what is happening, tell interesting facts about the upcoming launch. It got to the point that amateur enthusiasts began to conduct their broadcasts , where they gave comments to the best of their understanding. Finally, Roskosmos Television realized this need and did serious work in covering the launch of the Soyuz MS-02 spacecraft .
+Previous startalso showed not bad, added information about the flight and the timeline - the line, which indicates the main stages of the rocket flight. It would seem a trifle, but it is also a step forward.
+It is impossible to pass by a fresh gift to all space enthusiasts of the project “Cosmos 360”
+In terms of working with the media, it became better too. An active mailing list of all industry news directly from Roskosmos and enterprises has been established. You can subscribe to it by sending a request to press@roscosmos.ru
+But for the press it is more important not to receive a letter on the general list, but an operational comment on a specific topic. Previously, it was almost impossible, so the press used nameless "sources in the rocket and space industry." Now there are also a lot of them, and the employees of the industry still do not seek to comment under their own name, but now you can at least hear the words of the director of the communications department of Roscosmos. His status allows direct interaction with the press, whereas before the reform, the spokesman did not have the opportunity to speak on his own behalf.
+In general, the increase in the press service to a separate department significantly increased the opportunities for communicating with the industry. After all, the pursuit of closeness, still coming from the Soviet Union, did not disappear from our cosmonautics. Little by little, things are changing, and international projects contribute to this, but all the same, most specialists are ready to work behind a high concrete fence in peace and quiet. Therefore, the press service of Roskosmos has to work not only in conditions of constant competition with the "superior opponent", but also overcoming the half-century inertia of the industry.
+The result of the press service can be called and the preservation of the journal "News of astronautics . " A year ago, its editor and founder Igor Marinin was ready to give for 1 ruble.magazine to anyone who will ensure the continuation of his life and work. Roscosmos heard a cry for help, and now the magazine continues to work while remaining the most objective and informative means of information about world cosmonautics in Russian. Now, by the way, there is a subscription for 2017 .
+Of course, the list of what needs to be done is much more than what has already been done to promote the cosmos and Roscosmos in Russia and the world. Everyone can offer something of their own. For example, I will say that Roscosmos has already learned quite well how to talk about current activities, and now it’s time to learn to talk more about successes and results. The fifth anniversary of “Radioastron”noted very sparingly, about six months silence about “Lomonosov”, and “Electro-L 2” that flew a year ago just sent a few photos, when the previous one sent hundreds of frames a day. Apparently the place of the scientific editor of the news in the press service is still vacant.
+And in case of failures, Roskosmos must learn to retain the courage to admit mistakes, and explain what is happening with the greatest possible openness.
+For as long as I can remember I’ve been obsessed with the South Pacific. It’s not just the white sand beaches and turquoise water, but the culture and traditions that always intrigued me. I visited Fiji 10 years ago and loved it, so when Enrico and I were discussing which places we wanted to visit this year, the South Pacific was high on the list. I did some research into South Pacific island hopping and soon discovered it’s not quite as easy as I expected to travel from island to island, even when you’re travelling within the same country. There aren’t that many ferries, and often the only option is to take lots of flights. It’s totally worth it though (although I feel a little guilty about my carbon footprint this year). After two months of island hopping in the South Pacific, here are our top tips!
+Disclosure: This article contains affiliate links. This means that if you click a link and purchase something I’ve recommended I’ll earn a small commission. This does not affect the price you pay but helps me to run this site. You can read my full affiliate disclosure here.
+How To Actually Island Hop In The South Pacific!
+Before you start looking at which Pacific islands to visit, it’s worthwhile looking at the logistics of travel between them.
+Boat
+I had imagined that we would take ferries between lots of the South Pacific islands, but in reality, there are very few. There are cargo ships, which do sometimes take passengers, but the timetables change and they give priority to locals, plus you can’t book in advance. We really wanted to do this as it sounded like such an adventure (and it’s cheap). But in actuality, we only had two months, and you really need a lot of time to spare in case you can’t get on the boat when it arrives and need to wait for the next one, which could be in a few weeks’ time.
+If you have a yacht and plenty of time, then you can sail between the islands, but we sadly do not have a yacht, (and we don’t know how to sail so couldn’t hire one.) Once I have more sailing experience this would definitely be something I’d like to try though! If you plan on sticking to one country, you could try a diving boat, such as a Fiji liveaboard, or there are also big cruise ships, but we wanted to have lots of time on the islands to explore so that wasn’t for us either.
+Flying
+You might be surprised to know that there aren’t direct flights between most of the countries in the South Pacific, meaning you have to fly into Auckland and then back out. This will have an impact on cost, route and time. After hours spent on Skyscanner I worked out which of the Pacific islands connect and this dictated our route.
+For example –
+Fiji is quite a good hub – you can fly from Fiji to Vanuatu and to Tonga, so it can make a good trio with those two destinations.
+From the Cook Islands, there is a direct flight to Tahiti (French Polynesia), once a week and you can fly onto Easter Island or Hawaii from Tahiti.
+And so on…
+Number 1 on our list was French Polynesia. I’ve always wanted to go there, so that was definitely going to be in our South Pacific itinerary, and with the link to the Cook Islands, we also added that to the route.
+For the final island, we considered Tonga – we were going to be travelling during the whale migration, which has big appeal – but eventually decided on Samoa. Although this meant flying into Auckland and back out to get to Tahiti, we were both really keen to visit Samoa because from everything I’d read it still has the most traditional culture of the Pacific Islands. (Something we found to be true of the islands we visited).
+For our next South Pacific Island adventure we are hoping to visit Vanuatu, New Caledonia and the Solomon Islands, as there are direct flights between the three.
+Getting Around In The South Pacific
+Within your chosen countries, (ours being Samoa, French Polynesia and the Cook Islands), you then have to think about island hopping again, as they are all made up of a number of islands. This is also true of Fiji, Tonga, the Solomon Islands, New Caledonia and so on.
+Getting Around Samoa
+Samoa is the easiest (and therefore cheapest) to travel. There are two main islands which are connected by a car ferry. There are other small islands, but most don’t really have any tourist infrastructure and there is a lot to see on both Upolu and Savai’i, meaning you most likely won’t feel the need to see the others. The best way to get around the islands is by car, so I advise hiring one from the airport in Apia. There are buses, but they aren’t that frequent, and often stop far from the beaches and resorts.
+Book a rental car in Samoa.
+Getting Around French Polynesia
+There are 118 islands in French Polynesia, also known as the Islands of Tahiti. We had two months to travel the South Pacific and that’s not enough to visit all of the islands in French Polynesia. Plus some of them you can’t even fly to. A big slice of your French Polynesian budget will go on flights. I totally recommend buying a flight pass from Air Tahiti. It’s a fixed price and each package includes a certain group/number of islands. We did the Bora Bora-Tuamotu Pass, even though we didn’t visit all of the French Polynesian islands available in our pass, it still worked out cheaper. If you don’t like flying in small planes you may wish to reconsider visiting French Polynesia – or look into cruise/sailing options. Otherwise, you can stick to Tahiti and Mo’orea which are connected by a ferry.
+Read our two week French Polynesia itinerary here
+Depending on which islands you’re visiting, it’s a good idea to hire a car, even if only for a day or two. Some of the islands are small enough to get around by bicycle (Rangiroa), and some you don’t really need it (Bora Bora).
+Book a rental car in French Polynesia
+Getting Around The Cook Islands
+There are flights (and cargo ships) between the Cook Islands, which are fairly expensive considering how short some of the flights are. We decided to visit just two islands, Aitutaki and the main island of Rarotonga, in order to reduce the money spent on travel. In hindsight, I would have liked to have visited Aitu as well, but there is always next time!
+It’s worth hiring a car on both Aitutaki and Rarotonga, however, the latter does have a bus service that loops the island. But the car gives you much more freedom to explore.
+Book a rental car in the Cook Islands
+Which Islands to visit in the South Pacific?
+Now you’ve decided which countries you’re going to, you’ll be wondering which islands to visit! I’ll be writing more detailed guides to each of the islands we visited, but here is a brief overview of the South Pacific islands we visited (in order).
+Upolu, Samoa
+The most populated island of Samoa, home to the international airport and the country’s capital city – Apia. There are lots of beautiful beaches, particularly along the south coast, where you will also find the famous To Sua Ocean Trench. You’ll find our top things to do in Upolu, Samoa here.
+Savai’i, Samoa
+Savai’i is much quieter and less populated than Upolu, but larger in size. It has stunning beaches and impressive lava fields along with blowholes and jungle. The ferry from Upolu takes 1 hour 15 minutes and it’s totally worth making the trip. Our favourite beach in the whole of Samoa was on this island at Falealupo.
+Tahiti, French Polynesia
+Tahiti is the transport hub of French Polynesia, with the only international airport. Many flights to other French Polynesian islands also transit through here. It is a volcanic island so the beaches have black sand but have a different kind of beauty to the white sand beaches of the other tropical islands. There is excellent surfing on Tahiti and it’s also great for fishing. The capital city Pape’ete has a good market.
+Bora Bora, French Polynesia
+We considered not going to Bora Bora as I thought it would just be expensive hotels for honeymooners. How wrong I was. It is such a beautiful island (as you can imagine) and there are plenty of things to do. Great diving, hikes, boat trips… it ended up being one of my favourite islands. It only has one beach – Matira – but it’s a gorgeous one.
+Huahine, French Polynesia
+Huahine is actually two islands, joined by a small bridge. We stayed on the southern island at a lovely beach called Avea which is a short walk from a Marae (Polynesian ancient temple). Huahine has one of the highest concentrations of Marae in the whole of French Polynesia. The snorkelling is excellent here, best experienced on lagoon cruise which takes you to different locations around the islands, as well as to a pearl farm, ending with lunch on a motu – (a small sand/reef islet).
+Taha’a, French Polynesia
+Taha’a doesn’t have an airport, so you have to fly into neighbouring Raiatea, and take a boat to Taha’a. The island is famous for two things: vanilla and black pearls. We visited farms producing both during our stay, and there are quite a few options across the island. There is excellent snorkelling on Taha’a too, in particular at Motu Tautau off the west coast. This can only be reached by boat, or by foot for guests staying at Le Taha’a Island Resort and Spa, which we were lucky enough to stay at, as I was reviewing the hotel for The Telegraph.
+Rangiroa, French Polynesia
+If I had to pick a favourite island from our trip to the South Pacific, then it would most likely be Rangiroa. It’s an atoll with an enormous lagoon and it is stunning. It has some of the best dive sites in the world including the Tiputa Pass, where you can see a huge variety of sharks, fish, dolphins and rays. It’s an amazing dive. If you cross the atoll from the main town of Avatoru, you will reach the blue lagoon, which is possibly the most beautiful place I’ve ever been to. It’s just incredible. You can also see lots of little blacktip reef sharks here too. (Don’t worry they aren’t scary!). Rangiroa is also another big pearl producer and even has a school dedicated to all aspects of black pearls – the only one of its kind. Read our guide to Rangiroa.
+Tikehau, French Polynesia
+Another atoll in the Tuamotu Archipelago along with Rangiroa, Tikeahau is a quieter island famous for pink coral beaches. There is a great chance of spotting Manta Rays in Tikehau’s lagoon, which visit the same spot each morning to be cleaned by wrasses. This is really the place to come to get away from it all.
+Rarotonga, Cook Islands
+Rarotonga is the international hub for the Cook Islands, with lots of accommodation – even hostels, and good restaurants and bars. I would say it’s the cheapest island we visited in the South Pacific (unless you’re only staying in beach fales – then Upolu/Savai’i probably wins). It has some beautiful white sand beaches and a couple of good hikes through the centre.
+Read our 10 day Cook Islands itinerary.
+Aitutaki, Cook Islands
+Aitutaki is home to a magnificent blue lagoon, and for this reason alone it’s worth a visit. The water visibility is excellent and you’ve got a very good chance of spotting and swimming with Giant Trevally, which live in the lagoon. There are lots of little sand motu (islands), which can be visited by boat. It’s paradise. In fact, it’s on two of these motu that Shipwrecked is filmed!
+South Pacific Trip Budget
+Once we had decided on our route, we had to work out if we could actually afford to do it. I will be completely honest here – the South Pacific is one of the most expensive destinations in the world and everything is pricey – flights, food and accommodation.
+As we were writing about the destinations we had some support from the Tourist Boards which helped a lot, but even so, we had to carefully evaluate if our budget would cover the trip, and if so, would we spend all of our money and have to go straight home afterwards (as we were planning to travel for another 3 months).
+After some careful calculations, we ascertained that we could manage it, but we had to stick to a strict budget, choose cheap accommodation and cook for ourselves where possible.
+In my opinion, the reason to visit the South Pacific is to experience the marine life and the culture. So we wanted to spend as much of our budget on experiences as possible, and less on accommodation and food. If it’s your honeymoon you might have a different view, but really you can stay in nice hotels anywhere, what you can’t do is dive with sharks, snorkel with turtles and watch Polynesian dancing.
+South Pacific Accommodation
+Samoa Accommodation
+The cheapest accommodation in Samoa is beach fales. These are huts with thatch roofs and open walls. They are basic with shared bathrooms, but they are amazing. You can hear the waves lapping on the beach while you sleep and it’s a very traditional Samoan experience. Often a night at a beach fale includes dinner and breakfast, which means you save on your food budget too. We stayed at beach fales for around 80 WST a night including breakfast and dinner (approx. £25). If you have a bit more money to spare there are some lovely places to stay, particularly on the south coast of Upolu.
+French Polynesia Accommodation
+Everyone dreams of an overwater bungalow in Bora Bora, but the reality is that they cost a lot. I mean a lot. (usually around £500 per night and up!!). So that wasn’t going to be an option for us on this trip. However, we found some great budget accommodation in French Polynesia. While still not super cheap, we stayed at B&Bs and guesthouses, many with kitchens where we could cook our own meals. This saved us a lot of money and we were still able to enjoy the incredible beaches and marine life a few steps away. We did stay at some more high-end places too, our favourites were Kia Ora in Rangiroa and family-run Relais Royal in Tikehau.
+Cook Islands Accommodation
+The Cook Islands has more budget options than French Polynesia and there are a couple of hostels on Rarotonga if you’re up for staying in a dorm. We found a few good options including Rino’s Motel on Aitutaki and Rarotonga Backpackers on Raro. These both had a kitchen which was great for cooking our own food.
+On Aitutaki, there are also some nice budget options with kitchens – we loved Rino’s Motel which was right on the water. For a little luxury, Tamanu Beach is incredible. We could literally see the ocean from our bed!
+Food In The South Pacific
+There is delicious fruit and veg in the Pacific Islands, which you can buy from roadside stalls and the local markets. In most places it’s best not to drink tap water, but lots of hotels filter their own water or you can travel with a filter water bottle to avoid buying too many plastic water bottles. We saved money by buying super noodles and instant soup before we travelled and eating these in our hotel (glamorous I know). This saved us a lot of money on food, and while it isn’t exactly nutritious it’s fine as long as you aren’t doing it for every meal.
+Food In Samoa
+As mentioned before, beach fales often include dinner and breakfast which helps the budget a lot. There is excellent fish, and a must try dish is Oka – raw fish with lime juice and coconut cream. It’s delicious. There is coconut with everything – to drink, in deserts, in main courses. Another traditional dish is palusami – taro leaves filled with coconut cream. Yum. If you’re in Samoa on a Sunday, then many restaurants will be serving a tonai. A traditional Samoan Sunday lunch which includes all the regional specialities.
+Food In French Polynesia
+Being French, you can buy lots of French food in French Polynesia. It’s basically the dream – tropical beaches and French cheese and wine. We found some great options in the supermarket in Tahiti, but once you get out to the more remote French Polynesian islands you’ll find less variety for a higher price. There is really good fish here too, and there is a similar dish to Oka called Poisson Cru made from the same ingredients.
+Food In The Cook Islands
+The Cook Islands also have good fish including Mahi Mahi (our favourite). Their version of Oka/Poisson Cru is called Ika Mata. Coconut is a staple in Cook Islands food and the tree is known as the ‘tree of life’ as it is used for everything from food and drink, to building houses. Supermarkets are expensive, and if you want to eat out cheaply then there aren’t many options aside from burgers, of which there are a lot. A stand out on Rarotonga was The Mooring Fish Café for delicious fish sandwiches.
+Booking In Advance
+I strongly recommend you book your flights and accommodation in advance whilst South Pacific island hopping. The flights will only become more expensive, and even if you have the Air Tahiti Island pass, the flights do get sold out. With accommodation, you can be a little bit more relaxed depending on the location. If you’ve booked your flights for French Polynesia then it also makes sense to have your accommodation booked. We booked everything at least a few months ahead of time. In Samoa and the Cook Islands, you can be a little more flexible. In particular on Samoa, because you don’t need to book the ferry, you just turn up, and some of the beach fales don’t take bookings, and many don’t have websites.
+Summary
+The South Pacific was easily the most beautiful place I’ve ever been to. The beaches are another level and the marine life was incredible. We had the most amazing time exploring Samoa, French Polynesia and the Cook Islands and each has something different to offer. I would recommend all three. We are also keen to return and explore some of the other Pacific islands, so at some point another South Pacific island hopping trip will be on the agenda!
+Such a dream trip. OMG!!!
+It really was! Wish I could do it all over again!
+Great article! Came across it whilst starting to plan a South Pacific island hopping extravaganza for my husband and myself. Lots of useful information, thanks!
+Thank you! I’m glad it was useful 🙂
+I hope you have a great trip, it’s such a beautiful part of the world.
+H guys
+The best review/ blog I have ever read. It’s my ambition to go in this part of the world, is more expensive that say London to eat out
+Thank you 🙂 If you eat at hotels then it can be pretty expensive – probably more than London. However, if you eat at local places then you can find some cheap options.
+In 2001 and 2002 I got a flight from England to New Zealand with stops at French Polynesia and the Cook Islands on the way there. Plus on my way home I stopped in Samoa. I missed out on seeing Tonga. I am keen to see more of the islands. I went to Hawaii and Fiji in 1993. I have been back to Hawaii once since then.
+That sounds like a great trip. I’m also really keen to visit Tonga. We are hoping to travel to Vanuatu once the borders open. Hawaii is so beautiful – I went there for my 30th!
+Wow just loved this. Best I have seen. Always wanted to go there for a few months. Maybe maybe
+Thank you. I highly recommend it – such a beautiful part of the world.
+Thanks for sharing your voyage. It was so beautiful. I am hoping I can travel to at least a few of these paradise islands.
+Thank you. I hope you can too!
+Larry J. Sabato's Crystal Ball
+Export date: Mon Jul 15 22:56:39 2019 / +0000 GMT
+DEMOCRATS BLUE AS SENATE ACQUIRES A REDDISH TINGE. Nebraska will probably feature a runaway GOP presidential victory, further damaging Sen. Ben Nelson's (D) chances of reelection.
+It's still early, and anything (read: scandals, a changing economy and international events) could happen to alter the basic dynamics of 2012. Yet the Republicans have so many tempting Senate targets that Mitch McConnell (R-KY) could trade “minority” for “majority” in his leadership title quite easily.
+Beyond ND, NE, MT and MO, Republicans have decent shots at Virginia, New Mexico and Wisconsin. These three contests appear about even right now. Virginia is likely to have a well-matched race between former governor and senator George Allen (R) and former governor and DNC chairman Tim Kaine. (Allen has to clear a primary hurdle with several Tea Party candidates, but should do so with ease next June.) New Mexico and Wisconsin may tilt Democratic eventually, but right now the contests on both sides are a muddle, and no tentative call can be made. There are also a handful of other states where the GOP could conceivably compete (Florida, Ohio, Michigan, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Connecticut, West Virginia and Hawaii) though at the moment Democratic incumbents or open seat candidates may have the edge.
+The only realistic Democratic opportunities to grab GOP seats will come in Massachusetts and Nevada, and right now the GOP incumbents (2010's upset winner Scott Brown and appointed Sen. Dean Heller) would be considered at least slight favorites.
+So the math is obvious..
+Speaking of coattails, we suspect that the partisan polarization already defining the 2012 election will lead to a large number of contests decided by presidential margins in the various states. In a March 2011 issue of the Crystal Ball we
+found
+1
+that, over the past three decades, nearly three of every five truly competitive Senate races, decided by 53% to 47% or less, went the way of the presidential election winner in each state. That proportion may be as high or higher in 2012. Even with massive expenditures by some Senate nominees, it may be becoming more difficult for candidates to separate themselves from their ticket leader. That is one effect of polarization—the phenomenon whereby most voters identify not with individual candidates as much as a party's approach to the issues of the day. It will be fascinating to see how much straight-ticket voting defines the federal elections in November 2012.
+Here's our chart, with race-by-race analysis below:
+State
+Incumbent
+Possible Primary Challengers
+Major Party Opposition
+Party Rating
+AZ
+Jon Kyl
+(Retiring)
+- Rep. Jeff Flake
+- Businessman Doug McKee
+- Rep. Gabrielle Giffords?
+Likely R
+CA
+Dianne Feinstein
+(Running)
+- Ex-Insurance Comm. Steve Poizner?
+Safe D
+CT
+Joe Lieberman
+(Retiring)
+- Rep. Chris Murphy
+- Ex-Sec. of State Susan Bysiewicz
+- State Rep. William Tong
+- 2010 Sen. Nominee Linda McMahon?
+- Ex-Rep. Chris Shays?
+- Former U.S. Comptroller Gen. David Walker?
+- Atty Brian Hill
+Likely D
+DE
+Tom Carper
+(Running)
+Safe D
+FL
+Bill Nelson
+(Running)
+- Ex-Sen. George LeMieux
+- State Sen. Pres. Mike Haridopolos
+- Ex-FL House Maj. Leader Adam Hasner
+- 2010 Gov. candidate Mike McCalister
+- Former Ruth's Chris Steakhouse CEO Craig Miller
+- Businessman Ron Rushing
+Leans D
+HI
+Daniel Akaka
+(Retiring)
+- Rep. Mazie Hirono
+- Ex-Rep. Ed Case
+- Rep. Colleen Hanabusa?
+- Ex-Honolulu Mayor Mufi Hannemann?
+- Ex-Gov. Linda Lingle?
+- Ex-Rep. Charles Djou?
+- Ex-LG Duke Aiona?
+Leans D
+IN
+Richard Lugar
+(Running)
+- Treasurer Richard Mourdock
+- Rep. Joe Donnelly
+Likely R
+MA
+Scott Brown
+(Running)
+- Rep. Michael Capuano?
+- State Rep. Thomas Conroy
+- Obama adviser Elizabeth Warren?
+- 2009 Sen. candidate Alan Khazei
+- Newton Mayor Setti Warren
+- Activist Robert Massie
+- Immigration Atty Marisa DeFranco
+- Ex-state Sen. Warren Tolman?
+- Engineer Herb Robinson
+Leans R
+MD
+Ben Cardin
+(Running)
+- Ex-Secret Service agent Daniel Bongino
+Safe D
+ME
+Olympia Snowe
+(Running)
+- Tea Party activist Andrew Ian Dodge
+- 2006 ME-2 nominee Scott D'Amboise
+- 2010 Gov. Candidate Rosa Scarcelli?
+- Businessman Donato Tramuto?
+Likely R
+MI
+Debbie Stabenow
+(Running)
+- Businessman Tim Leuliette?
+- Ex-Judge Randy Hekman
+- 2010 MI-15 nominee Rob Steele?
+- Businessman Peter Konetchy
+- Oakland Co. Water Resources Commis. John McCulloch?
+- Activist Chad Dewey
+Likely D
+MN
+Amy Klobuchar
+(Running)
+- Ex-State Rep. Dan Severson
+Likely D
+MO
+Claire McCaskill
+(Running)
+- Ex-Treasurer Sarah Steelman
+- Rep. Todd Akin
+- Businessman John Brunner?
+Toss up
+MS
+Roger Wicker
+(Running)
+Safe R
+MT
+Jon Tester
+(Running)
+- Rep. Denny Rehberg
+Toss up
+ND
+Kent Conrad
+(Retiring)
+- Ex-state Rep. Pam Gulleson?
+- Rep. Rick Berg
+Likely R
+NE
+Ben Nelson
+(Running)
+- AG Jon Bruning
+- Treasurer Don Stenberg
+- 2008 Sen. Candidate Pat Flynn
+- State Sen. Deb Fischer?
+- Air Force vet Spencer Zimmerman
+Toss up
+NJ
+Bob Menendez
+(Running)
+- State Sen. Joe Kyrillos
+- 2006 nominee/state Senate Min. Leader Tom Kean?
+- State Sen. Mike Doherty?
+- Biotech executive John Crowley?
+- Atty Ian Linker
+Leans D
+NM
+Jeff Bingaman
+(Retiring)
+- Rep. Martin Heinrich
+- Aud. Hector Balderas
+- Activist Andres Valdez
+- Ex-Rep. Heather Wilson
+- LG John Sanchez
+- Businessman Bill English
+- 2008 NM-02 Candidate Greg Sowards
+Toss up
+NV
+Dean Heller
+(Running)
+- Rep. Shelley Berkley
+- Businessman Byron Georgiou
+Leans R
+NY
+Kirsten Gillibrand
+(Running)
+- Nassau Co. Comp. George Maragos
+Safe D
+OH
+Sherrod Brown
+(Running)
+- Treasurer Josh Mandel
+- Ex-State Sen. Kevin Coughlin
+- 2006 gubernatorial nominee Ken Blackwell?
+Leans D
+PA
+Bob Casey
+(Running)
+- Businessman Keith Loiselle?
+- Ex-Santorum aide Marc Scaringi
+- Tea Party activist Laureen Cummings
+Likely D
+RI
+Sheldon Whitehouse
+(Running)
+- Businessman Barry Hinckley
+Safe D
+TN
+Bob Corker
+(Running)
+Safe R
+TX
+Kay Bailey Hutchison
+(Retiring)
+- LG David Dewhurst?
+- Ex-TX Solicitor General Ted Cruz
+- Ex-TX Sec. Of State Roger Williams
+- Ex-Dallas Mayor Tom Leppert
+- RR Commissioner Elizabeth Ames Jones
+- State Sen. Dan Patrick
+- Ret. Lt. Gen. Ricardo Sanchez
+Safe R
+UT
+Orrin Hatch
+(Running)
+- Rep. Jason Chaffetz?
+- State Sen. Dan Liljenquist?
+- Rep. Jim Matheson?
+Safe R
+VA
+Jim Webb
+(Retiring)
+- Ex-Gov. Tim Kaine
+- Marine veteran Courtney Lynch
+- Ex-Sen. George Allen
+- Tea Party activist Jamie Radtke
+- Atty David McCormick
+- Bishop Earl Jackson
+- Horizons Television Inc. exec. dir. Tim Donner
+Toss up
+VT
+Bernie Sanders
+(Running)
+- Auditor Tom Salmon?
+Safe D/I
+WA
+Maria Cantwell
+(Running)
+- 2009 King Co. exec. candidate Susan Hutchison?
+Safe D
+WI
+Herb Kohl
+(Retiring)
+- Ex-Sen. Russ Feingold?
+- U.S. Rep. Tammy Baldwin?
+- U.S. Rep. Ron Kind?
+- Ex-Gov. Tommy Thompson?
+- AG J.B. Van Hollen?
+- Ex-Rep. Mark Green?
+- Ex-Rep. Mark Neumann?
+- Businessman Tim Michels?
+Toss up
+WV
+Joe Manchin
+(Running)
+- Rep. Shelley Moore Capito?
+- 2010 Sen. Nominee John Raese?
+Leans D
+WY
+John Barrasso
+(Running)
+Safe R
+Arizona
+: After the retirement of Republican Sen. Jon Kyl, the most likely Republican contender to replace him has emerged: Rep. Jeff Flake. Flake might face a credible primary challenge because of his past support for comprehensive immigration reform (the same kind of reform that Sen. John McCain once backed and later renounced). However, a potent opponent, fellow Rep. Trent Franks, decided not to run, making Flake the prohibitive favorite to become Arizona's next senator. Democrats are waiting to see if their dream candidate, Rep. Gabrielle Giffords, is able to run for this seat. But Giffords is still slowly recovering from an attempt on her life, and it's hard to imagine her actually being able to make this race. One point in Arizona Democrats' favor is this: President Obama's campaign team believes he would have competed for Arizona had native son McCain not been the GOP nominee in 2008. The Obama camp might contest Arizona this time around, and that campaign infrastructure could only boost the Democrats' now-slim chances of picking up this Republican seat. LIKELY REPUBLICAN
+California
+: Sen. Dianne Feinstein appears to be running, although in this year of Democratic retirements she seems to be about the only older Democrat up for reelection who isn't bailing (Feinstein will be 79 next year). That said, Feinstein -- or another Democrat -- will be a heavy favorite in this race. It's amazing that the state that helped send Richard Nixon and Ronald Reagan to the White House is now essentially impossible territory for Republicans at the presidential and Senate level. Yet with its highly diverse electorate, California is exactly that, as the state's gubernatorial and Senate races showed last November. SAFE DEMOCRATIC
+Connecticut
+: The race to replace Joe Lieberman, the Democrat-turned-independent whose Democratic primary loss in 2006 was the left's version of a Tea Party-esque scalping, is clearly the Democrats to lose. The party is sure to field a strong candidate, most likely Rep. Chris Murphy. Several names are floating around on the Republican side, including ex-Rep. Chris Shays, former U.S. Comptroller Gen. David Walker and especially wrestling business zillionaire Linda McMahon, whose big-spending campaign in 2010 didn't help her against now-Sen. Richard Blumenthal. Other than the fact that the Nutmeg State is now decidedly Blue, the problem with most of the GOP possibilities is that they are coming off losses. It is also difficult to imagine Connecticut voters sending a Republican to the Senate while they are giving a healthy majority of their votes to President Obama. So we rank this a likely Democratic seat, up from a lean Democratic seat in our last rating. LIKELY DEMOCRATIC
+Delaware
+: Delaware's own Joe Biden, the vice president, made some headlines recently by discussing his presidential chances -- in 2016. Delaware political watchers will have to look for Biden to continue making news, because the Senate race there is not likely to make any. Incumbent Democrat Tom Carper is as safe as safe can be at this point. SAFE DEMOCRATIC
+Florida
+: Three major Republicans are seeking to challenge Democratic Sen. Bill Nelson: George LeMieux, who served the remainder of former Sen. Mel Martinez's term during the last Congress; Mike Haridopolos, the state Senate president; and Adam Hasner, the former state House majority leader. This primary may or may not be a bloodbath, but it's not at all clear that any of them will seriously threaten Nelson, who in a recent Quinnipiac poll was shown leading all three of the Republicans by 20 points or more. The same poll also showed President Obama's approval at 51%. It's fair to say that if Obama wins Florida -- very much an open question right now -- Nelson should be fine, and the incumbent senator could keep the seat even if the Republican presidential candidate wins the Sunshine State by a small margin. This contest may be a test of the coattail theory of presidential-Senate races in a polarized era. For now, LEANS DEMOCRATIC
+Hawaii
+: Democratic Sen. Daniel Akaka is retiring, and considering Hawaii hasn't elected a new senator since 1990, many politicians are eyeing the seat—most of them Democrats, since they dominate the Aloha State. Former Rep. Ed Case (D) is in, and so is current Rep. Mazie Hirono (D). Other Democrats may join them, including Rep. Colleen Hanabusa and ex-Honolulu Mayor Mufi Hannemann. Former Republican Gov. Linda Lingle would be the strongest Republican challenger, although even if she's lucky – a clear path to the nomination, a bruising Democratic primary – Obama probably will win more than two of every three presidential votes in his home state next year. Lingle cannot be easily discounted—and she won't decide until August—but it is hard to see Hawaiians splitting their tickets dramatically for any Republican in 2012. LEANS DEMOCRATIC
+Indiana
+: Republican Sen. Richard Lugar is almost certain to win reelection next November – if he is his party's nominee, that is. And there's the rub. State Treasurer Richard Mourdock, claiming widespread support from both the Tea Party and the party base, is challenging Lugar. Although it's too early to tell for sure what will happen, there are many warning flags flying about Lugar. Senior GOP operatives have reported to us that Lugar is now a distant figure to many party voters; the suggestion is that he has not kept the home fires burning and is perceived more as a Washington figure than a Hoosier. That kind of image is always a danger sign. Lugar will also be 80 in 2012, though he is in superb physical and mental shape. Rep. Joe Donnelly (D), whose seat was made more Republican after congressional redistricting in Indiana, is the likely Democratic nominee. Whichever way the Lugar/Mourdock race goes, the Republican nominee is very likely to win this seat. Donnelly is already at a disadvantage in this right-leaning state, and it appears that the Obama campaign is likely to concede the Hoosier State to the Republican presidential nominee despite winning it narrowly in 2008. Indiana's going Democratic for Obama was perhaps something of a fluke in an unusual year. LIKELY REPUBLICAN
+Massachusetts
+: Democrats in Massachusetts seem to think they have a good chance of knocking off an opposing incumbent, Republican Sen. Scott Brown. Brown's upset victory in the January 2010 election to replace the late Ted Kennedy sent shockwaves through American politics. The difference between then and now is that a Brown victory in 2012 would not be surprising at all; indeed, he's the favorite. In addition to Brown's personal popularity, Bay Staters, despite their Democratic tilt, might want some Republican representation to balance the state. As of now, every U.S. House representative and statewide elected official is a Democrat, and Democrats control the state legislature overwhelmingly. As our chart indicates, there are many potential Democratic candidates, and because the state is losing a House seat in redistricting, it would make sense for a sitting House representative, such as Michael Capuano, to take on Brown. Brown has not performed perfectly -- he flip-flopped on Paul Ryan's budget plan and the Medicare changes in it (first saying he would vote for it and then voting against it) and he claimed to have seen photos of the dead Osama bin Laden when he clearly didn't. Despite these unforced errors, Brown remains quite popular. He has voted moderately in a fair number of prominent cases, as one would expect from a Republican that wants to survive in a liberal state. His book discussing his life (including sexual and physical abuse as a child) was a media hit. While Obama coattails could always upend him in the end, for now Brown is the clear favorite. LEANS REPUBLICAN
+Maryland
+: Brian Murphy, a 2010 candidate for governor who is now chairing the Republican Senate campaign of ex-Secret Service agent Daniel Bongino, told the
+Baltimore Sun
+, "There's no question (Democratic Sen. Ben) Cardin's beatable." There isn't the slightest evidence of that. SAFE DEMOCRATIC
+Maine
+: Moderate Republican Sen. Olympia Snowe is on the Tea Party's hit list, and in the unlikely event that she is knocked off in a primary (by activist Andrew Ian Dodge or businessman Scott D'Amboise), Democrats may have a chance to grab the seat. Yet Democrats do not have a strong candidate at this point, and Snowe has garnered enthusiastic backing from Tea Party Gov. Paul LePage. LIKELY REPUBLICAN
+Michigan
+: Obviously, Democrats have a lot of territory to defend in 2012, whereas Republicans have a lot of room to play offense and have recruited good candidates in most places. That is not true in Michigan. Democratic Sen. Debbie Stabenow might have had some vulnerability to the right challenger, but he or she is nowhere to be found, apparently. Stabenow is now likely to win a return ticket to the Senate. (We previously had this race as Leans D.) Potentially strong Republican candidates, such as ex-Rep. Pete Hoekstra, former Secretary of State Terri Lynn Land and members of the state's House delegation, are all taking a pass, leaving second-tier candidates to duke it out. While Michigan, like so many other Midwestern states, took a right turn in 2010, there may be some snap-back in 2012 in the Democratic direction. LIKELY DEMOCRATIC
+Minnesota
+: Of all her Midwestern Democratic Senate caucus colleagues up for reelection this cycle, Amy Klobuchar appears to be the safest. Republicans may have a decent candidate to run against her, 2010 secretary of state candidate and former state Rep. Dan Severson, but Klobuchar has proven to be very popular. Her break-out came while the other Senate seat was in dispute for a half a year in 2009, as incumbent Norm Coleman (R) and eventual winner Al Franken (D) fought tooth and nail. As the state's only senator, Klobuchar handled her duties with aplomb and good humor. LIKELY DEMOCRATIC
+Missouri
+: Democratic Sen. Claire McCaskill has had a tough year. In March she was forced to pay back taxes on trips she had taken on her private plane. A narrow winner in 2006, McCaskill was already in deep trouble for 2012. John McCain narrowly won Missouri, but the state seems to have become Redder since then, and Obama is not especially popular there. (Maybe his visit to comfort the Joplin tornado survivors will help.) To get reelected, McCaskill must depend on an Obama recovery and a split GOP, and maybe a likely, strong reelection showing by Gov. Jay Nixon(D). The Republican primary field is pretty well set: Rep. Todd Akin entered the race after it became clear that the early front-runner, former state Treasurer Sarah Steelman, wasn't performing up to expectations in fundraising and enthusiasm. Wealthy businessman John Brunner, who will try to replicate the wins produced by other outsiders in recent Republican primaries around the nation, is also running. Missouri gives us one of the 2012 contests involving a Democratic incumbent where Republicans have a fair to good chance of an upset. TOSS UP
+Mississippi
+: There are rumblings of a Tea Party primary challenge to Republican Sen. Roger Wicker, but few take it seriously. Wicker is deeply conservative, which fits the Magnolia State well. His road to a first full term appears unobstructed. SAFE REPUBLICAN
+Montana
+: Democrat Jon Tester's victory over Republican Conrad Burns was one of the more unlikely keys to the Democrats' capture of the Senate in 2006. Now, Tester faces a stern challenge from popular Rep. Denny Rehberg (R). Some on the left became disillusioned when Tester opposed the DREAM Act, designed to help immigrant children gain access to higher education. But Tester's real problem is that Big Sky country is very likely to vote for the GOP presidential nominee by a wide margin—as long as Republicans nominate a mainstream candidate. A recent Public Policy Polling survey showed Tester with a decent 51% approval rating, and yet he trailed Rehberg 47%-45%. Still, Tester has populist appeal and Montanans know how to split tickets, so this should be one of the better Senate shows next year. Montana is a cheap media state, so both parties and every interest group known to man and woman will have TV ads playing here. Fortunately for them, Montanans spend a lot of time out of doors. TOSS UP
+North Dakota
+: This is the Republicans' easiest potential pickup, and with the primary field effectively cleared for newly elected Republican Rep. Rick Berg, we fully expect him to replace retiring Democrat Kent Conrad in the Senate. Considering all senators who have held office in the past half-century, Berg would be just the 10th person to win a Senate seat immediately after winning a first term in the House. Berg is a very lucky politician. LIKELY REPUBLICAN
+Nebraska
+: Other than North Dakota, Nebraska gives the Republicans their lowest-hanging fruit of 2012. The Cornhusker State is deeply Red, and despite an overall moderate record and a successful career of bucking his state's GOP tilt, Democratic Sen. Ben Nelson is in a world of trouble. His position has been compared by some to that of former Sen. Blanche Lincoln (D-AR), who never seemed to have much of a chance at reelection in 2010, and lost overwhelmingly in November. Nelson isn't in Lincoln territory yet, but our designation of this race as a toss-up may be too generous to him: He is the most endangered incumbent Senate Democrat in the country. Attorney General Jon Bruning is the favorite in the GOP primary, but Treasurer Don Stenberg and others are also in the race, and they are attacking Bruning for liberal columns he wrote as a law student when he was in his 20s. If Bruning can emerge healthy from his party battle, Nelson will have a hard time catching up. Adding to Nelson's woes is the fact that Nebraska's congressional redistricting makes it highly unlikely President Obama will repeat his feat of carrying the state's Second Congressional District. (The Second's Democratic population is diluted with the addition of more Republicans.) Without the lure of an electoral vote, the Obama campaign isn't going to waste resources here -- money that would have indirectly aided Nelson's cause. TOSS UP
+New Jersey
+: Democrat Bob Menendez isn't the most popular senator around, but with President Obama at the top of the ticket in this Democratic stronghold, he appears to be relatively safe. However, Republicans might have a couple of candidates worth watching: State Sen. Joseph Kyrillos, a close ally of Gov. Chris Christie, and biotech executive John Crowley. The GOP is under no illusions about how difficult it is to win in a presidential year, though. LEANS DEMOCRATIC
+New Mexico
+: The decision by Democratic incumbent Jeff Bingaman to hang up his spurs rather than pursue another term means the Democrats have yet another competitive seat to defend. There should be spirited primaries, with Rep. Martin Heinrich facing Auditor Hector Balderas on the Democratic side and ex-Rep. Heather Wilson facing Lt. Gov. John Sanchez for the Republican nomination. This is a toss-up, although considering that close to half of all New Mexicans are Hispanic and that President Obama will be the favorite in the Land of Enchantment, the Democratic nominee may have an edge
+if
+the party's primary doesn't get out of hand. The moderate Wilson would be the stronger Republican nominee, but she would be far better off without the Sanchez/Tea Party challenge. While the favorite to be the party nominee, Wilson isn't assured that designation. In 2008 she lost a Senate primary to Rep. Steve Pearce, who then lost by a mile to Democratic Sen. Tom Udall in the general election. Wilson's dilemma is that conservatives just don't like her record. For example, Erick Erickson, the influential “Red State” conservative blogger, said recently that, “The number one goal of conservatives in 2012, other than defeating Barack Obama, has got to be defeating Heather Wilson in New Mexico.” On the other hand, there is no question that national Republican leaders as well as new Gov. Susana Martinez (R) much prefer Wilson. TOSS UP
+Nevada
+: Republicans got a boost when disgraced Sen. John Ensign resigned his seat, allowing Gov. Brian Sandoval to appoint fellow Republican Dean Heller, a House member. Incumbency is an advantage, and so we slightly favor Heller as he attempts to keep his new prize. However, Nevada is a key battleground for Obama, and the president will campaign and spend extensively here. A secondary beneficiary will be the likely Democratic candidate, Rep. Shelley Berkley. A Heller-Berkley matchup would pit a man who represented most of the state's surface area in the House (the north and central parts of the state) versus a woman who represented much of its population concentration in Las Vegas. Also, Heller, as a member of both the House and the Senate in this Congress, voted twice for Paul Ryan's budget and its controversial changes to Medicare. If it continues to be a sizable liability, anything close to what we saw in the recent special House election in New York's 26th district, it could be Heller's undoing next year. For now, though, we give Heller the slight edge, in part because of his incumbency and also because Berkley will probably have a potentially draining contested primary with a rich businessman, Byron Georgiou. LEANS REPUBLICAN
+New York
+: The hapless New York Republican Party had its chance to knock off appointed Democratic Sen. Kirsten Gillibrand in 2010. In a year in which Republicans in New York picked up six House seats, Gillibrand coasted to victory with 63% of the vote. She appears to be a cinch to win a full term next year. SAFE DEMOCRATIC
+Ohio
+: Republicans mopped the floor with Democrats in Ohio in 2010, but so far they have not produced a sure-fire challenger to potentially vulnerable Democratic Sen. Sherrod Brown. For instance, seasoned campaigners such as GOP Reps. Steve LaTourette and Jim Jordan are taking a pass on the race. State Treasurer Josh Mandel, a likely candidate, has a potentially bright future but is quite young (33), and he just won his first statewide race last year. Still, at first blush, Mandel has nothing to lose in running. Unlike other states, a loss in Ohio is often seen as a badge of honor for future races, and many prominent Ohio political figures, including Brown, have lost statewide contests before. Moreover, Mandel is running from safety. He'll have an elected office in 2013 no matter what, either in Washington or in Columbus. On the other hand, Mandel could lose a great deal of prestige if he loses the GOP primary to ex-Republican gubernatorial candidate Ken Blackwell, who is making noises about a candidacy. Blackwell is very conservative, so he could win the primary. If Mandel loses to Blackwell -- who in 2006 was a disastrous candidate defeated in a landslide -- his promising political future could be ended. Our assessment is that, right now, Brown is at least a slight favorite over Mandel, and he's one of the safest incumbents in the country if he ends up facing Blackwell, whatever the results of the presidential contest in the Buckeye State. If Obama ends up losing Ohio, though, Mandel could be one of the night's upset winners. LEANS DEMOCRATIC
+Pennsylvania
+: The Keystone State is another place where Republican hopes are fading against a first-term Democratic incumbent, Bob Casey. As in Michigan and Ohio, members of the Republican U.S. House delegation apparently have taken a pass. More important, Casey has a golden political name thanks to his father's two popular terms as governor. Casey starts the 2012 campaign in very good shape, and even if Obama -- whose approval ratings are middling in Pennsylvania -- doesn't perform well at the top of the ticket (that may change), Casey should be all right. LIKELY DEMOCRATIC
+Rhode Island
+: The 2006 first-time victor, Democratic Sen. Sheldon Whitehouse, should have no trouble winning a second term. SAFE DEMOCRATIC
+Tennessee
+: Sen. Bob Corker is another Republican who has aggravated certain Tea Party conservatives, but he doesn't appear to have a credible challenger in either the primary or general election. Former Democratic Gov. Phil Bredesen could give Corker a tough fight, but he's apparently not running. Corker looks safe in the Red and getting Redder Volunteer State. SAFE REPUBLICAN
+Texas
+: The Democrats have recruited a candidate to compete for retiring Republican Sen. Kay Bailey Hutchison's seat, retired Lt. Gen. Ricardo Sanchez, who left the army after the Abu Ghraib scandal but was cleared of any wrongdoing. Texas is changing demographically, but this is still Republican territory, and so the more interesting piece of this puzzle is on the Republican side, where several heavyweights are vying for the nomination. Leading the pack is wealthy and popular Lt. Gov. David Dewhurst. But Dewhurst is also in his mid-60s; would he really be a two-termer or more in the Senate? There are rumblings that Dewhurst is considering a bid for governor in 2014 instead, assuming Governor-for-life Rick Perry (R) actually steps down—maybe after a presidential run. Just imagine how this contest will be re-shaped if Perry becomes the GOP nominee for president and wins the White House, passing the statehouse to Dewhurst (just as George W. Bush made Perry governor in 2000). Dewhurst would no doubt then run for election as governor in 2014 instead, with other Republicans coming to the forefront for Senate. The rest of the GOP field for this rare open seat prize is also formidable in various ways: Ex-Texas Solicitor General Ted Cruz got the nod of approval from the Club for Growth and also conservative columnist George Will recently, for instance. It is difficult to predict which candidate other than Dewhurst, if he runs, will reach the inevitable Senate runoff that will follow the first primary. What isn't difficult to predict is that, Democratic bravado aside, the seat's new occupant will be a Republican. SAFE REPUBLICAN
+Utah
+: Like his involuntarily retired former Senate colleague, Republican Robert Bennett, longtime Republican Sen. Orrin Hatch may also face a Tea Party challenge. Bennett was knocked out in a party convention: He didn't even finish in the top two there, which would have allowed him to face primary voters. Utah Republicans might think twice about getting rid of another powerful, senior senator, but in the Tea Party era it's hard to say how this will shake out. Rep. Jason Chaffetz of Utah's heavily Republican Third district would be a formidable challenger for Hatch, and Dick Armey's Tea Party PAC, FreedomWorks, has started a “Retire Orrin Hatch” campaign. Chaffetz has not yet signaled his intentions. Hatch is working far harder, far earlier than Bennett did to hold his seat. Polls show that there is “Hatch fatigue” after his 36 years in the Senate, and Hatch is in a tied contest with both Chaffetz in a primary and Democratic Rep. Jim Matheson in a general election. The latter may be a mirage. The GOP presidential nominee will win Utah with somewhere around 70% of the vote, and that kind of margin will probably elect any Republican Senate nominee, even one installed after a divisive intra-party battle. SAFE.
+Virginia
+: Maybe you could call it “Once Upon a Time in the Commonwealth,” because the marquee Senate race in the Commonwealth of Virginia is the political version of a Sergio Leone Spaghetti Western. While the script is littered with extras – a Leone specialty – at the heart of this story are two political giants in a tug-of-war. The likely Republican nominee is George Allen, ex-governor, ex-senator and ex-presidential contender, brought low by his unexpected defeat to retiring Democratic Sen. Jim Webb in 2006. Allen seeks redemption after his “macaca” embarrassment, and this 2012 campaign has the feel of an effort to reclaim his lost honor and his place on center stage. Meanwhile, the likely Democratic nominee, Tim Kaine, has won two statewide races, for lieutenant governor in 2001 and governor in 2005, and made his political fortune by picking the right horse, Barack Obama, early in the 2008 campaign. Yet Kaine never dominated Virginia's politics in his decade (the 21st century's first) the way Allen did his, the 1990s. Kaine is all but guaranteed the Democratic nod -- assuming African-American Rep. Bobby Scott stays out, as is thought likely. Allen has a bigger fight on his hands, though the outcome should be the same. While Allen has multiple challengers for the GOP nomination, it is hard to see how one could threaten him in the June 2012 primary. If nothing else, the several Tea Party conservatives are dividing up whatever voters are disillusioned with Allen. Listening to Republicans, there is no longer the kind of enthusiasm there once was for Allen, who has the burden of six years' worth of Senate votes to defend. (To the Tea Party, his repeated support for bloated budgets, higher debt limits and unpaid-for medical benefits make Allen undesirable.) As for Kaine, his once moderate image has been transformed by service as Obama's Democratic National Committee chairman, and he is rapidly trying to shed the liberal vestiges of that, if possible to do. This race is a total toss-up at this point and, perhaps in a cinematic twist, the dramatic ending of this film might be decided not by these two gunslingers, but instead by others: namely, Obama and his Republican opponent. It's hard to see either Kaine or Allen winning this duel without help at the top of the ticket. Allen privately hopes that popular Gov. Bob McDonnell (R) ends up as the GOP vice presidential nominee. That could change the calculus in the presidential battle for Virginia's 13 electoral votes -- and thus in the Senate contest. TOSS UP
+Vermont
+: Independent Sen. Bernie Sanders will be able to continue to caucus with Democrats after 2012, as he faces no serious threats. Republican Auditor Tom Salmon is considering running for Senate or governor, but he'd be a huge underdog in either race. SAFE INDEPENDENT/DEMOCRATIC
+Washington:
+The action in the Evergreen State is in the governor's race, which means that Democratic Sen. Maria Cantwell will likely skate to yet another reelection. President Obama is the favorite once again to sweep the “other” Washington's electoral votes, which only helps Cantwell. SAFE DEMOCRATIC
+Wisconsin
+: The Badger State could very well be a main focus of the political universe next year, just as it has been this year thanks to a high-profile battle over a bill restricting the rights of public sector unions. Even a state Supreme Court race in Wisconsin got outsized attention earlier this year, and nine ongoing recall elections for the state Senate are being followed nationally as though they were battles for the U.S. Senate. In 2012 Wisconsin will be a key presidential swing state, and it is conceivable (though not likely) that the new governor, Scott Walker, may face a recall election. More important for our purposes here, Democratic Sen. Herb Kohl is a surprise retiree, setting up a competitive contest to replace him. Ex-Sen. Russ Feingold has the right of first refusal on the Democratic side, although there is some question as to whether he wants to run another tough race in the immediate aftermath of his loss to Republican Sen. Ron Johnson last year. Rep. Tammy Baldwin, an openly gay liberal, and Rep. Ron Kind, more of a centrist, are next in line for the Democratic nomination. Ex-Gov. Tommy Thompson is considering running on the Republican side, with ex-Rep. Mark Neumann or Attorney General J.B. Van Hollen as other possibilities. Thompson is famous for dipping his toes in the water and then not jumping in, so we'll see whether he actually declares a candidacy. The former governor is also discovering that Tea Party conservatives have little love for him. Despite that, Thompson would be the initial favorite for the Republican nomination, just as Feingold would be on the Democratic side. A Feingold-Thompson match-up would be a war between heavyweights and unpredictable. So are some of the lesser match-ups at this point. Wisconsin is a state in political turmoil a year before the election, so we'll be patient in seeing how the race develops. TOSS UP
+West Virginia
+: We get the sense that Republicans had their best shot at Democratic Sen. Joe Manchin in last year's special election to replace the late Democratic Sen. Robert Byrd. Even though West Virginia will go heavily for Barack Obama's Republican opponent next year, Manchin, the former governor, is well regarded in Mountaineer country. That said, any trace of outright liberalism – such as his vote to confirm failed Obama appellate court nominee Goodwin Liu – raises eyebrows back home. Rep. Shelley Moore Capito would be the strongest challenger to Manchin, which is a reason why Democrats in the state legislature might think twice about toying with her House district during redistricting. LEANS DEMOCRATIC
+Wyoming
+: Another snoozer: Republican Sen. John Barrasso is a cinch for reelection. SAFE REPUBLICAN
+Links: les/ljs2011030301/
+Post date: 2011-06-23 00:32:33
+Post date GMT: 2011-06-23 04:32:33
+Export date: Mon Jul 15 22:56:39 2019 / +0000 GMT
+This page was exported from Larry J. Sabato's Crystal Ball [
+]
+Export of Post and Page has been powered by [ Universal Post Manager ] plugin from
+By John D. Sutter, CNN
+(CNN) - A quick glance at slavery stats makes the situation in Mauritania seem fairly hopeless: The West African nation was last in the world to abolish slavery; an estimated 10% to 20% of people live in some form of slavery today; and, while the government made slavery a crime in 2007, only one slave owner has been successfully prosecuted.
+But ask Gulnara Shahinian, the United Nations' special rapporteur on contemporary forms of slavery, about her recent visits to the country and you see a picture that's hidden beneath those shocking statistics.
+Shahinian says Mauritania could be nearing a turning point. It's clear what needs to be done to eradicate slavery in Mauritania, and government leaders finally are considering making some of the right decisions, she said.
+"This country has opened its door" to discuss slavery with the UN, she said. "Why don’t we try to support them?"
+In a CNN interview, a government minister denied slavery's existence, and the country does not allow journalists into its borders to report on the existence of slavery. But CNN managed to do just that. "Slavery's Last Stronghold" documents the phenomenon.
+The international community shouldn't shame Mauritania for being a place where old-world forms of slavery are still relatively common, Shahinian said. Now people must let Mauritania know that they would support the country if it enforced anti-slavery laws and created more programs to help people who escape from slavery survive.
+“Positive encouragement will give the government and others more incentive to do better,” she said, adding that she has observed progress in the last two years, during which time members of the government have agreed to meet with her about slavery.
+Here are five ways Shahinian says Mauritania can and should change if it wants to end slavery. She's hopeful that, if people from around the world are watching, these measures will be adopted soon:
+Implement the law against slavery: Mauritania abolished slavery in 1981 but only made it a crime in 2007. Since then, only one slave owner has been successfully prosecuted. Shahinian said the first step to change is for the country to get serious about enforcing the law it already has on the books. It should hear the cases of slavery’s victims and prosecute slave owners. "People are conspiring to make sure these cases get buried," said Sarah Mathewson, Africa program coordinator for Anti-Slavery International.. “The majority of the population is illiterate; you cannot make brochures and distribute them.” Further, government leaders must counter cultural assumptions about what happens to slaves after they escape. Slaves “fear if they break the chains they will be punished,” she said. That must change through education and awareness campaigns.
+Support slaves after they escape: Currently, there are only two centers designed to help people who escape from slavery - both in Mauritania’s capital, Nouakchott, according to anti-slavery activists in Mauritania and abroad. One teaches escaped women and their children how to sew, cook and dye clothes. Another offers shelter to escaped slaves. Only a few dozen people receive these services and they must be scaled up dramatically if slavery is to be eradicated, Shahinian said, especially in rural areas. Ex-slaves must be educated if they are to become productive members of the economy, she said.
+Compensate slavery’s victims: Recently escaped slaves should be paid reparations for the time they spent in slavery, Shahinian said. The government should set up a fund that controls the compensation, and slave owners should also be responsible for payment, she said. That money would be used to help freed and escaped slaves get housing and become part of the workforce.
+Investigate the extent slavery: To date, researchers have not been able to conduct a full survey of slavery in Mauritania because the government isn’t willing to let that happen, she said. In this information vacuum, activists and researchers are left guessing about how many people in Mauritania are enslaved and what types of slavery exist. Traditional slavery, in which families are enslaved and work without pay, is thought to be the most common form of slavery there, but human trafficking and other modern forms of slavery may exist, too. “The government has not agreed to do those studies,” she said..
+Sorry but the leaders in Mauritania are not blacks, they call themself white Arabes. They are the most racistes people I ever seen in my life. I have lived 23 years in Mauritania, 10 years in Europe, 13 years in USA, but I have never seen people hating people with such agression like Mauritanian white maures. The poor slaves are cut from the modern world, they don't believe in anything but their masters. They mecanism is supported by the governement since 1960.
+PS. I am from Mauritania but I live and I am naturalized American
+Ahmadou, just because they call themselves white arabs doesn't mean it is so. To the rest of the world they look black or brown – not white. I have heard some of the comments that arabs and others are called. They are called sand ____ by many whites. Maybe they can't accept that – but there it is. It's a shame that people everywhere seem to need to look down on someone else in order to feel better about themselves. God did not mean this to be so. God made men, men made slaves.
+Thank you Ahmadou for pointing it out. It is Muslims who cultivated the evil of slavery since the ancient past. People are ready to accuse the West for all sorts of slavery. Slavery is of recent birth in the West in consideration with that of the Middle East. Arabs took African Slaves even to India.
+They can call themselves purple arabs, but they are black. and where is the outrage of the blacks in america??
+It seems that many individuals are perhaps getting a 'wrong' message from this, why is there so much concern about finding which religion to blame for what is happening out there? I don't think we should be putting each other down, instead think about the poor people who are suffering and being treated unjustly, and figure out a way to solve it that doesn't involve violence or disrespect towards the religous beliefs of others, which may or may not have anything to do with what is happening. How about you all toss out some HELPFUL suggetions, this story is suppose to bring attention to the awful treatement to human beings (our brothers and sisters) and we should use the information to educate others arounds us and take action. Enough with the hate already!
+Dennis,
+Correction: leader of mauritania are not Blacks.
+We teh Black people of Mauritania are victim of this racist government. Beside the slavery, there have been summary executions, deportation, land expropriation that still continues.
+The minority Arab, have all the branches of power and maintain a discriminatory and shameful racial system against teh majority blacks since the Independence.
+What bug is when the UN say there hope, that is not true. The UN failled to aknowledge and address the situation in Mauritania despite our protests.
+Wanna know more, read my blog,
+The international community should wage war on Mauritenian government and set all slaves free and conduct free and fair election with the participation of the free slaves thats the only way foreward.That is more serious than wasting time on Syria or Iran.
+Mauritania finally had elections. In 2007, for the first time since independence. Then, they didn't like it when the President tried to fire a general in the Army, and had a coup within 2 years. Which the vast majority of the country supported. I was living in the Trarza region during the 2005 coup that removed Ould Taya from his 20 year rule, and the 2007 elections, and was very hopeful. But the enthusiasm and justification for the military overthrow of a democratically elected leader just shows that the country has a long way to go before they understand Democracy. They had, after all, had a coup on average every 3 years since independence. Baby steps.
+The UN and "international community" are too obsessed with imagined Palestinian "rights" to care about real travesties such as slavery in Mauritania, or the oppression of women in Saudi Arabia, or the genocide in Sudan, or lawlessness in Somalia, etc., etc. Maybe some day you will find a sugar daddy benefactor to elevate your cause like the Arabs were able to accomplish, until their own massive crimes against humanity finally came out with the "Arab spring." Except in Mauritania's case, the oppression and subjugation of an entire class of people is real. Good luck.
+Bogus social seirtcuy numbers are passed around and accepted on an honor system basis- for the purpose of obtaining employment, filing out credit/loan applications, etc.- for some reason- the government shows no sense of urgency whatsoever about taking action to prevent fraud Re: your social seirtcuy number.
+Reblogged this on haleybehre.
+the UN is an evil organization responsible for more mass murder than most armies and is controlled by bankers.
+and here u have silly western clowns trying to enforce occupation in east africa under the guise of hunting kony whos probably been dead for years now. and here were STILL in afghanistan 11 years later with nada to show except the weapons producers and there stockholders getting rich off of the death blows. haiti still hasnt recovered and wont because theyre out of the spot light and have been (google HAARP). theres alot of humanitarian assistance that could be provided worldwide. but alas........where ....is it at???????
+I'm a Rush fan, have been listening for 20 years. It's instereting.
+Thanking CNN for shedding light on this human tragedy. I urge them to go further by addressing the systemic racism against us, the other blacks non slaves of mauritania.
+The slavery, as bad as it is, i just a leg of the situation of Mauritanian blacks,
+Please read, follow and support:
+I've often pondered what is a wothry cause to donate money to. I wouldn't donate to something like Katrina for many of the same reasons as you; others need it more, others are donating, but for me, while I do feel shock and concern, I can't see what my money's doing, I don't get to see who I'm helping, it's just the mystical vending machine, stick a quarter in and good things come out the other side, supposedely.On the flip side, I'm not entirely comfortable donating to such a huge cause as saving Africa from starvation. The plight is horrible, but I don't know anybody in Africa, and it seems to me that a lot of the concern is generated by the pictures of starving children. I don't want to donate out of pity or horror.Our church is in very good contacts with a church in Nepal, and we regularly take offerings to help them maintain their ministry to orphans (the pastor and his wife take in orphaned children, and provide everything from food and clothing to education and training for a job in the future). There are so many places that need help, it seems to me that finding a single cause that you understand, relate to, and are committed to, and sticking with it, is more helpful than dropping your dime in the bucket as you walk out the door.Then again, I'm only sixteen.
+I guess to ask why the Afirican Union hasn't done anything about this is like asking why the UN hasn't, huh?
+As long as Mauritania has been under Spanish rule, nothing has been done to eliminate slavery there. Let's just put the blame where it belongs, that is, the Franco regime(1939-1875) in Spain. This is another thing that the right-wing news won't talk about! Now this same media is trying to make another case for American interference, I suppose!!!
+Mauretania was never under Spanish rule: it was a French colony. Secondly, your mention of <> is hilarious! You might make a supreme effort and get your dates straight.
+Morocco was colonised partly by Spain and France, and the vast territory, normally known as Western Sahara, was under Spanish rule, until after Franco's death, and the territory was abandoned by Spain, and then take over by Morocco. In this territory there live the Saharaouis, who have struggled continuously to gain independence from Morocco. But in vain.
+I think you have confused the two very different issues.
+"the Franco regime (1939-1875) in Spain" was omitted somehow, between
+Here is one of the best sources for data on Africa: knoema.com
+I must admit that I am ashamed of my country, yes my country, Gambia. This is why, Mauritanians are all over Gambia and are so welcomed and revered, that its sickening. I am not calling on people attacking Mauritanians, but the Gambia , as well as Mali and Senegal, should cut all relations with Mauritania. This will send a clear message, that that slavery is unacceptable.
+I remember the '80s when Mauritania carried out some of the must horrific crimes against blacks. They cowered away back to their monstrous homeland.
+The UN shouldn't be the only ones making the efforts, all African dictators should for once show they are true revolutionaries. It should be easy and perhaps bloodless, just choke off that barren land.
+Thank you CALL-IT-OUT for your support.
+There is no hope for the UN though.
+Ahmadou and Mamadou Guisse
+i dont know if you are mauritanians or not you and i both know that blacks in mauritania practis the worst kind of slavery and racisism their slaves cant evn look at them, cant even site with them hell they still call them masters jsy go to kaedi or boughe, its a problem that all mauritanians should face not only one group and the world cant expect the gov to do anything the country is broke, poor and doesnt have to tools to treat this but hey your help is welcome instead of boming other countries send the money here and help slaves
+@EL EL
+You know yourself that what you are talking about is totally false, because of your racism and heatred you are even question our Mauritanian nationality. There is no Malian or Senegalaese in this forum. You can't even spell Boghe, which is a big city in Mauritania because you just don't want to. This what we call "state of denial". By the way our contributions are going to the right hands, don't even worry about it.
+eL EL
+This is the signature reply you get as soon as you bring the issue of slavery. They try to make it look like it's not only in the Arab community. They prefer to say this is a share problem between all Mauritania communities and fall short of condemning of expressing disapproval.
+The fact that it's maybe a shared problem does not make it Ok.
+That's how the government arrives to keep the secret in for this long.
+El el you know you are lying.
+The Nazi's were smarter on who they kept track of. I rcalel them tattooing their numbers on their prisoners. We live in a society, it is called that because humans have to depend on each other to live. I would love to see these morons try to live alone away from society.Be warned without a license myself if they took that away I would try to drive. I am blind, and on medication, so yeah let me drive! LOL
+I wonder if forcing former slave owners to pay reparations would actually be even more incentive for them to make sure their slaves are never freed.
+What part of who gives a s hit do you folks not understand. Remember, blacks started the slave trade in Africa and apparently it's alive and well!!
+If you don't have anything to say, it is is better to shut it.
+I care , the Law care, Police care, God care, the people us care, the greatest Governor of NEW YORK care about children,-- we also care for you too.
+That is Amazing !!!
+Let me tell you why the Mauritania government doesn't want any journalists going into their country to report on Slavery. The government officials of Mauritania own slaves themselves. If a Journalist or research of slavery goes into Mauritania and interviews slaves, by asking the names of their owners and how long they have been ensalved and if the children they have belong to their slave owners, many of those officials will be going to prison.
+A government official of Mauritania sat there and bold-faced lied to a reporter. If someone goes there to do research on anything else besides slavery, that researcher is given a government-minder to make sure they do not interview any slaves.
+They are just as bad as North Korea, if not worse
+where is the outrage from the black community and black "leaders" on this issue. all they want to do is talk about slavery that ended over 150 years ago. hey and it is blacks owning blacks. this shows that most blacks dont care, they just want an excuse for a handout and for government to take care of them.
+The leaders are in their grave, did you mis to observe that part too.
+YOU SOUND LIKE A FOOL.....HOW IGNORANT OF YOU!!
+Excuse me I have worked since I was 15 yrs. old how about you?????? Mr. Observer I don't need your handouts I am able and willing to work thank you...you may want to check your stats more whites are on welfare than blacks check it out before you speak such FOOLISHNESS SILLY RABBIT HAVE A WONDERFUL NITE AND A GREAT WEEKEND....DO SOME READING PLEASE!!
+Hey OBSERVER,,Say: He is Allah, the only one.
+Allah helps and does not need help.
+He does not produce a child, and He was not born of anyone.
+There is no one equal to Him A Mine
+Nor gone astray.Ya Allah my Dear Holy Lord Please to help us we muslims brothers and sisters
+May Allah Blessed you. Thank you for the information, 'He does not produce a Child, and He was not born of anyone'. Is He a spirit, or invisible, or visible, or not-there? You are so right, He has no relationship with Humanity, and the wickedness to children. Spirit dont need clothes, shoes, water, food, education, housing etc. Did you know that your boss' toilet is made out of pure gold, and the community dont know what is a toilet – tissue, the poor children may have to use the hot sand to clean.
+May Allah blessed you. And thank you for the informations. 'He does not produce a Child, and He was not Born of Anyone'. Is He a spirit, or invisible, or visible, or not-there,? ? You are so right, He has no relationship with Humanity and the wickedness to Children. Our leader toilet is made of pure gold, and the community do not know what a toilet-tissue looks like, the poor Children may have to use the hot-sand to clean.
+Crazy... sad and crazy world.
+May the God of the United States of America Blessed all the children of the of the universe especially the needy that has no form of education or a bed to lay their head on
+Amen!
+NOW I know why our American Malcolm x, was killed, because he did not Bow-down to Allah. Because, you said "Praise is only for Allah, Lord of the Universe, the Most Kind the Most Merciful". ( Most kimd and Most Merciful TO WHO ? ) I am so happy and proud I am a New Yorker, my ancesters were prisoners of war who was caught when fighting against the muslim envaders of the King Soloman dinasty. muslims sold people for drugs and guns to the french who carry our parents beond to the carribean 1432 to 1464 AD, The Zara Yacob era.
+Hey Denton,.
+It's not like the 17 people lisitneng to Stephanie Miller's show would change their opinion of Rush even if you could convince them the quotes were lies.
+All praise due to God, the Lord of the universe, and all prayer, blessing to our beloved prophet Muhamad (PBUH: peace be upon him). He is the trustworthy and the honest. Dear Lord, we pray that you get us out of the darkness of the ignorance and illusion, and guide us to the lights of the knowledge and education. We are asking you our Lord to pull us from the mire of desires to the heavens.Amine
+from previous wrpkshoos Flag books at Yanedan (Kanoya-shi) Star books at Yanedan (Kanoya-shi) Star books (Kagoshima-shi) Flag books (Kagoshima-shi) Star books
+"FINISH YOUR ALBUM/MIXTAPE! LAST DAY TO GET ALL THE BEATS FOR $19.99 VOTED BEST BEAT PACKAGE ONLINE! RAP RnB POP INSTRUMENTAS @ 7DOLLABEATS(.)COM 7DOLLABEATS(dot)COM
+I'll right away take hold of your rss feed as I can't find your e-mail subscription link or e-newsletter service. Do you've any? Please let me recognise so that I may just subscribe. Thanks.
+Excellent website. Plenty of useful information here. I'm sending it to a few friends ans also sharing in delicious. And naturally, thank you to your effort!
+Dear Sirs,Whereas the Saudi Arabian-dominated Islam of today, is far from a religion of peace , the Islam of Bosnia and Kosova-Kosovo is an exitpecon. Very few of the Muslims of the Balkans are of the Salafi sect, dominant in Saudi Arabia (the Muslims of the former Jugoslavia and Albania are of the Hanafi and to a lesser extent, the Bektashi, groupings). Yours truly, was there as a civilian, in the summers of 2000 and 2001, and walked with the people , as they say in the Balkans, interacting with Muslim Bosnians and Albanians, as well as Catholic Croats and Albanians, and Christian Orthodox Serbs. The Muslims of the Balkans are incomparably closer to the Christians of Europe, than to the Muslims of Asia and Africa.Thank you.A New Jersey Copperhead
+I just could not depart your web site prior to suggesting that I actually enjoyed the standard info a person provide in your guests? Is going to be back continuously to check out new posts
+Hello there! Your article rocks too as becoming a reputable fantastic comprehend!?? Zauberei
+Jinglebob Hotels
+Power Core Combiners Sledge with Throttler Toy Reviews
+General Information:
+Release Date: August 2010
+Price Point: $9.99
+Retailer: General (Toys R Us, Target, Wal-Mart etc.)
+Accessories: Throttler Mini-Con figure
+Hasbro Item Number: 19810
+Images: Gallery of Sledge & Throttler images
+*Images and text below from Transformers.com
+It was his deep loyalty to MEGATRON -- and his deeper dedication to destruction and mayhem -- that won SLEDGE the opportunity to upgrade his abilities through combination. His partner THROTTLER is a vile little creature every bit as mean as SLEDGE.
+Power up for the ultimate robot battles! Your SLEDGE figure is already a virtually unstoppable opponent in his vehicle and robot modes. But his strength gets doubled when you factor in your THROTTLER figure and his four modes! Convert this MINI-CON ally figure to weapon accessories for him when he's in backhoe vehicle mode or Commander mode. Then, convert your THROTTLER figure into an armor accessory for your SLEDGE SLEDGE and THROTTLER figures. Ages 5 and up.
+Sledge was an interesting Power Core Combiner to me even before I removed him from the package, due in part to his profile on the back of the packaging. There are two interesting notes in the profile. The first is the mention of Decepticon leader Megatron. There has been some discussion about what "universe" the Power Core Combiners inhabit in the Transformers mythos, especially with the advent of the new "unified" continuity that has its roots in the "War for Cybertron" line. By mentioning Megatron, we know that the leader isn't someone like say, Bombshock, but it still begs the question as to which Megatron is being named here. Still, it's an interesting note. Another part I like about the tech spec is his loyalty to Megatron. So often Decepticons are portrayed as just evil, backstabbing and psychotic that it's refreshing to see a solider who's dedicated to his leader. All this and a new sculpt to boot made Sledge tempting from the beginning! Now let's get on to the toys.
+Robot Mode:
+Throttler is an interesting looking robot. He is a mix of curved parts with some sharp looking parts, carry overs form his alternate "drill" form. since he doesn't have a blaster form or a vehicle mode, there isn't kibble from that types of forms hanging off of him, allowing the designers to focus on his robot parts. What caught my eye instantly was the head design. I a very rare and unusual choice, Throttler is sculpted with one eye, making him a cyclopse! His mouth is a raised mouthplate, resulting in a very serious expression on his face. The upper arms and legs are the most "robotic" of all the parts on him, with sphere shaped shoulder pieces leading to tube shaped upper arms and tube shaped upper legs. The lower legs and forearms are parts that make up sections of his drill form, so you'll see corkscrew type details on the sides, but his legs have small feet at the bottom while his arms have claws at the end of each. The corkscrew details add a rather disintctive texture to the figure while the more roboti bits wind up on his upper arms and legs.
+Throttler is cast in two colors of plastic, translucent purple and black. These are quintessential Decepticon colors and I find it quite appropriate that a Mini-Con paired with a loyal Decepticon would have these colors. His head, upper arms and upper legs are cast in black, with the forearms, torso and lower legs cast in translucent purple. A bit of silver paint is used on his face to bring out the details. It's a very minimal color scheme, but it works very well for the toy, plus having the translucent plastic in purple looks really nice.
+The chest panel on Throttler contains his Powerlink point, allowing you to attach it to any Transformers figure with the corresponding peg. Interestingly, this chest panel can be turned around in a circle, but the instructions don't mention any particular reason for this. Not counting the ability for his chest panel to move in a circle, Throttler has eight points of articulation, almost all ball jointed except for his knees. His feet are a bit unusual. The bottom section of each leg is sculpted with an angle in the bottom, so you have to bend his knees slightly for him to stand relatively straight. It's not a huge deal, and I'm guessing the angle has something to do with the drill alternte mode and his somewhat unique transformation.
+Note: All transformation instructions below begin with Throttler in robot mode.
+Transformation to Power-Up Armor:
+- With Throttler facing you, swing each lower leg back so the drill points face downward.
+- Move his arms down to his sides, then swing them out a bit.
+- Connect Throttler to Sledge's chest panel by first swing that panel down, then connecting the two.
+Power-Up Armor Mode:
+Throttler's Power-Up Armor Mode is truly one of those "because we say so" modes. It really kind of looks like he's just bellyflopped onto the ground and assumed some type of Pilates position. That said, Throttler doesn't look bad in this mode at all. Indeed, if he is serving as some type of protection, the way his arms and legs spread out do provide Sledge (or any other Power Core Combiner Commander) pretty good coverage to block incoming blasts or impacts. So in an odd way, while not terribly imaginative, Throttler does succeed at being exactly what he's supposed to be in this mode: body armor.
+Transformation to Weapon Mode:
+- Swing the lower legs back so the drill points face downward.
+- Swing each arm out to the sides.
+- Rotate the lower legs so the insides face each other, then connect them together.
+- Swing the legs up.
+- Swing the robot arms forward and connect them.
+- Connect the arms and legs together.
+Weapon Mode:
+It has been stated many times in the past the Mini-Cons were sometimes used as tools. Like wave one's Chopster Mini-Con, Throttler transforms into something that can be used as a tool or a weapon, so in a way calling this his "weapon mode" is a bit of a simplification. What is interesting about this form is that it serves as his weapon in two different ways in robot mode as well as his weapon for the vehicle mode. This consolidation of functions may seem a bit lazy, but to be fair he is a drill, there's not much variation to be created from that form and I would rather have two solid modes than say, three weak ones.
+In this form, Throttler is quite dangerous looking with a large spiral shaped drill in front and teeth at the base. The back section is mostly made up of his chest panel from the robot mode, which here winds up looking like the very mechanism that spins the drill bit. There's no doubt that this guy could do some serious damage up close! Throttler can connect to Sledge's arm, which seems great if he's being attacked from the side or lunging at someone arm first, but doesn't seem particularly practical. What works much better is attaching the drill to the chest (in the same position as the body armor mode). This really has possibilities and the appearance is very reminscent of the Starrior Gouge from the 80's toy line of the same name (coincidentally created by Tomy, the company that now owns Transformers). I dug Starriors as a kid, so this is a nice throwback to that time for me. What isn't documented is that Sledge can also hold the drill mode using Throttler's head as the handle, a nice extra bit of functionality I had not expected! Just attach Throttler's head to one of the holes on the underside of the forearms and now you have a nice forearm mounted drill for him to use!
+In Sledge's vehicle mode, Throttler attaches to his shovel, presumably allowing Sledge some offensive capability in this form behind whacking people with his shovel and running them over. It also could be seen as a tool to drill holes and search for resources. It looks really cool and resembles something you could imagine seeing in real life.
+Overall, you get a lot of mileage out of one mode, and Throttler is a pretty cool figure by himself. He represents the aspect of Mini-Cons as tools and I like seeing that side of the Mini-Con sub-group represented.
+Robot Mode:
+If there's one thing I like more than a loyal Decepticon, it's a loyal Decepticon who looks like he can kick all sorts of titanium plating on the battlefield. Sledge is a rather brutish looking figure, complete with a wide cheat, thick legs and arms with shovels on the sides for extra melee fun. Other parts simply make him look brutal including the shovel sections with teeth at the ends that make up his feet and the saw built into his chest. Indeed, this saw in the chest design is rather unusual for a Transformer, but again echoes the Starriors line where the character of Cut Up had a very similar feature.
+The smaller details on Sledge look fantastic as well. The saw blade in his chest has smeall teeth sculpted into it and the torso section has raised rectangular shapes reminscent of the teeth on his shovel ends and tubes near the waist. The shovel arms halves on his arms have some raised circular "bolt" details on them and similar details can be found on his thighs. The lower legs have rough, rectangular sections that come from the vehicle mode treads while his hands are sculpted in a partially open position. The head sculpt is really nice, with a relatively wide head that has an evil glare sculpted into the face and antennae on the sides of his head sticking straight up the sides. They look almost like they could be smokestacks, which would be more than appropriate for a construction vehicle based Transformer.
+Sledge is cast in yellow, black, light blue and purple plastic. The yellow and the black dominate, as you would imagine, with yellow making up most of the upper body and black making up lower sections like his legs and the base of the shovel arms on the sides. The purple plastic is distributed throughout the body on smaller parts such as his forearms and sections above his shoulders. The light blue is of course used to differentiate the Drone combiner points from the rest of the figure. I like this color combination and in a muted way, it is reminscent of the color schemes of the Generation One Constructicons, of which I consider Sledge a spiritual descendent.
+Paint applications are done in silver, black, red and purple. None of these colors dominate the figure. Instead, they are used sparingly but to great effect on just the right sections. one prime example is silver, which is used most heavily on his saw blade and the ends of the shovel sections. Those are among my favorite details as they are not simply painted but rather spray brushed on, giving the ends of the shovels a worn look. You'll also find silver on small details like the wires on his upper body and his face. The silver on his face contrasts excellently with the red used for the eyes. The purple color is used here and there on relatively small details such as strips on his waist and Decepticon symbols on his arms. Sledge has a solid color combination that I really like, but the way in which his paint applications are applied elevate it a lot.
+Sledge has nineteen points of articulation in robot mode. This includes ball joints on his shoulders and head along with swivel joints in the arms and legs. His saw can be spun manually by pushing on it. Coupled with the functionality using Throttler as described above, you have one fun robot mode to play with.
+Transformation to Vehicle Mode:
+- Swing each shovel arm on the robot arms down.
+- Turn the arms so the shovels point forward.
+- Swing the robot arms up.
+- Point the robot feet down.
+- Swing the sides of the torso out.
+- Cover the robot head using the silver pieces on the sides.
+- Swing the Mini-Con peg/panel out to the side.
+- Push the saw blade down to switch its position with that of the robot head.
+- Swing the Mini-Con peg/panel back into place.
+- Swing the robot legs underneath the vehicle to form the treads.
+- Connect the shovel arm halves together.
+Vehicle Mode:
+"Sledge" may be the name of this Decepticon, but perhaps "Gravedigger" may have been a more appropriate name! This vehicle mode seems designed primary to dig things up by combining two vehicles into one. One half is a backhoe, complete with the shovel arm and shovel at the end (this is the end you would attach Throttler to in drill mode). The other end has the saw blade out along with a shovel underneath, giving it more of an earth mover type form. Together, you can imagine that little can be buried and hidden from Sledge! Most of the detail seen in this mode was visible in the robot mode, but two sections of newly revealed details include the saw blade base and the tread details on the sides. The saw blade is attached to a mechanism that has tubes and wires sculpted into the sides on black plastic. As for the treads, he rolls on small wheels on the undersides but that didn't stop the sculptors from sculpting large and small wheels on the sides.
+In this form there is some yellow paint revealed on the sides of the treads. The wheels themselves are painted silver. It is also in this mode you get more of a look at the spray ops on the shovels, which I still say look fantastic.
+One usually doesn't talk about articulation in vehicle mode, but here it's worth mentioning. Most of the articulation here involves hinged movement. His backhoe arm can move in three places, the base, the middle and the shovel. On the other side, the saw blade can move on its base on a hinge, a nice and unexpected adition to the articulation on this figure.
+As mentioned earlier, you can attach Throttler (or any Mini-Con really) to the backhoe shovel, but you can also attach a Mini-Con to the port near the saw blade, powering up Sledge even more. This adds a lot of fun to an already cool vehicle mode (and of course encourages adding more Mini-Cons!).
+Transformation to Power-Up Mode:
+- Swing the Mini-Con peg panel on the chest over the saw blade.
+- Turn the lower legs so they point out to the sides.
+- Swing down the Drone connection points on the legs.
+- Swing the arms out to the sides.
+- Swing the shovel arms out half way.
+- Rotate the angled joint that connects the arms to the rest of the body.
+- Move each shovel arm so it is at a right angle with the rest of the body, then rotate them so the shovels point forward.
+- Rotate the robot head around and swing the silver panels out to reveal the Combiner face.
+- Swing each leg up to the sides.
+- Rotate the robot feet around so the shovels face forward.
+- Swing the robot knee joints so there is a gap in the upper leg where the knee armor panel sticks out, then push that panel in.
+Power-Up Combiner Mode:
+I have to compliment Sledge for having a very different transformation from his fellow Power Core Combiners. Yes, his arms become the arm joints, and his legs become the leg joints, but the way in which those parts set into place differ quite a bit between the rotating robot feet and the way his shoulder joints rotate around. It's also interesting to note that Sledge is the only Power Core Combiner so far that technically only has one "head" piece. Of course, each side has a different face on it. At first, I confess to be slightly disappointed in this because I've really dug the concept of two different heads sculpted into the robot. However, this particular head design looks cool enough that my mild disappointment exited my thoughts rather quickly. I already commented earlier on how much Sledge looks like a bruiser and this head design reinforces that with a non-emotional looking "Y" shaped mouth piece and visor eyes and bull-like horns set on either side of the head. It looks really awesome and looking at it, I don't miss having a separate head piece at all.
+For the most part, Sledge is a solid torso for Drone limbs. His legs are solid and look powerful. The only weakness I would point out is the arm joint. Due to the way the figure transforms, there is a rotating joint set at an angle, and then there's the arm joint itself, which can also turn. What happens is if you move an arm Drone up and down, the angled joint generally turns instead of the arm joint because it is so tight. This isn't a huge deal, but it's still slightly disappointing. I wish there had been a way to lock down the angled joint to prevent this from happening.
+In this form you see most of the robot mode parts except for the new head. His head is cast in black, with red eyes and a silver mouth plate. All of his shovel pieces face forward so you get to see the cool silver spray ops prominantly displayed. You also get to see the silver and yellow paint applications on the sides of the treads, which wind up facing front here. Overall it features some of the best parts of the robot and vehicle modes in one form.
+Final Thoughts:
+Sledge is one solid Scout Class vehicle. His transformations are unique and he has a fantastic sculpt. I dig Throttler's unique form and ultimately, any problems I do have with this figure are minor (and not deal breakers in the least). Recommended with minor reservations.
+
+Town Square
+Residents, developer spar over plan for office complex
+Original post made on Dec 5, 2013
+Read the full story here Web Link posted Thursday, December 5, 2013, 12:48 AM
+on Dec 5, 2013 at 9:02 am
+I'm confused: isn't the city in the process of beautifying CA Ave and reducing the number of lanes from four to two? How can anyone justify building a huge office complex that will inevitably signficantly increase traffic at the same time?
+on Dec 5, 2013 at 9:52 am
+> He cited a study that predicted the speed of cars driving from 395 Page Mill > to Interstate 280 would slow by 2 mph during the evening commute.
+In addition to the decrease in vehicle speed on Page Mill, and Oregon,on and El Camino Real, we also need any traffic analysis to include the end-to-end transit time, the increase in queue lenghts at traffic lights along the way, the new LOs (delay time) for each of the traffic lights on the road segments that would carry the most of this traffic.
+Moreover, any meaningful analysis should also include the traffic for all of the projects that are currently in-the-pipe for the California Avenue area.
+Vehicle speed is not as important as end-to-end travel time for most of us.
+on Dec 5, 2013 at 10:48 am
+If the city would pay for its own public safety building, we wouldn't be having this conversation.
+on Dec 5, 2013 at 10:52 am
+And reduced safety. Current aggressive drivers are a menace. Accident rates matter.
+on Dec 5, 2013 at 11:10 am
+Hello Menlo Park Council. Are you listening?
+on Dec 5, 2013 at 11:12 am
+Perhaps Paul meant that traffic on Page Mill will slow TO 2 mph. When it comes to traffic and parking, the City's vision has essentially been myopic. Palo Alto is not Europe and Californians are clearly not giving up their cars. In theory PTODs are great, but our planners need to deal with reality and not pretend that a lovely theory will work. If I were Mr. Paul I would be hopping mad at City Council and the Planning Dept. b/c it is the cumulative impact of their failure to consider cumulative impact that has created this conundrum. I hope the City has the good sense to ask Ms. Susan Fienberg to be part of the problem-solving team because she "gets" what apparently eludes others.
+on Dec 5, 2013 at 12:11 pm
+the_punnisher is a registered user.
+I object to the pejorative characterization," Paul said. "If we thought this project had no merit without us 'buying off' the city, we wouldn't have proposed it."
+Well: I'M CALLING YOU A LIAR! You ARE bribing the City Council; No Zoning exemption NO PS ( or should I call it BS ) building. The good all purpose carrot and stick method of bribery.
+Money has talked, despite the resident's NO VOTE on more dense building built by dense developers..
+My interest is in keeping P. A. comfortable for the residents, especially LONG TERM RESIDENTS that I have known in the past...
+I'll talk about another type of building by payola to the government.
+There was the perfect building site in Jefferson County, CO. It was zoned as open space. A developer basically bribed the Zoning Department and the County Commissioners to allow buildings on this former zoned open space area.
+After the houses were built, the buyers found their basement walls collapsing and demanded the developer fix the problems with their NEW houses...Well, it seems that the Commissioners and the Zoning Department did not read the Engineers Report that made the site unsuitable for building: THE LAND WAS MOSTLY BENTONITE ( AKA kitty litter ) soil. Add water and the soil EXPANDS, destroying basements and foundations.
+The Developer had to buy back those houses in the area.
+YOUR City Council is supposed to keep the RESIDENTS happy, not make special deals and line their pockets with bribes ( and not just money, but ANY conflict of interest issues pay-offs ).
+Mr. Paul, How about building 1500 parking spaces for you new workers and creating a real benefit to the area's existing traffic problems, instead of the ( already broken ) promises of traffic mitigation.
+Using " buzzwords " does not alter the facts observed by many.
+You do not like what residents are saying? BUILD SOMEWHERE ELSE...
+on Dec 5, 2013 at 12:24 pm
+High number of people don't work or reside within in any city, town or village. Forget the police, teachers or any public employee. How many busineeses grew in Palo Alto, kept adding more workers vs homes.
+How many people live in Palo Alto, drive to work, adding to the commute.
+Our infrastructure hasn't really kept up with the huge gain in jobs, growth of businesses and the amount of cars we own.
+Palo Alto with its prestige as place to draw talent, wealth, capital, ideas and throwing them together. No wonder why developers want to build here.
+on Dec 5, 2013 at 12:25 pm
+Wait a minute -- Palo Altans don't live where they work??!! That's exactly why we do continue to live here, despite the transformation and decline of this once lovely leafy quiet suburb into a traffic-congested city. We walk to work, recreation and amenities. The city council is destroying the quality of life here, slowly but surely by engaging in contract zoning. It's been going on for years.
+on Dec 5, 2013 at 12:44 pm
+"A traffic analysis for 395 Page Mill has been completed by a consultant but is undergoing review by city staff. It is expected to be released to the public early next year."
+It takes months to sanitize the data to show how the project will reduce traffic?
+on Dec 5, 2013 at 12:54 pm
+> High number of people don't work or reside within in
+> any city, town or village.
+CA State law requires that before a municipality can impose impact fees, it must have a Nexis study done--which determines the number of number of people who live and work in that town. Palo Alto's last Nexis study revealed that fewer than 20% of those living here actually work here (if memory serves).
+BTW--the Transportation Element web-page documenting that portion of the City's Comprehensive Plan has a Land Use study (ca. 1989):
+Web Link
+It might be interesting to ask City Council Members why its been over twenty years since this sort of study has been conducted?
+on Dec 5, 2013 at 2:05 pm
+> nd reduced safety. Current aggressive drivers are a menace.
+> Accident rates matter.
+Yes, I should have added accident rates in my list for a meaningful traffic study.
+BTW, using traffic accident data obtained from the CA.CHP for the years 1995-2009, it would seem that there has been a slow decline in traffic accidents over that interval of time--up to 25% on some streets/roads. (Time to load the accident data for 2010-2012 to see if the decline has continued, or if there is an increase in accidents that parallels the numerous complaints about "gridlock" on this thread, as well as the other topic on traffic data presented to the Council recently.
+on Dec 5, 2013 at 2:05 pm
+Quoting Mr. Paul. "In theory, up to 30 percent of the offices' employees might commute by mass transit, such as train or bus, or carpool, bicycle or walk," he said. Notice the words "theory" and "might" which I translate to "hope".
+Again quoting Mr. Paul. "The latter would be particularly likely if workers lived in the immediate area." "Likely"? or hope again. The nearby residences are occupied. So how can new workers get housing "in the immediate area"?
+Another quote. "Already numerous apartment and condo buildings are located nearby, and the city envisions even more." As I noted above the nearby apartments are already occupied. And the City does a poor job of envisioning anything these days. Vision is one thing; hard evidence is another.
+A great deal of wishful thinking and unreal evaluations of the traffic patterns in the area.
+on Dec 5, 2013 at 2:27 pm
+The office building is so monsterous and hideous, the developer is trying to hide the structures (in the drawing) behind four story high trees!!!!!!!
+With the new Planning Department director issuing a report at last weeks city council meeting saying that traffic has decreased in Palo Alto over the last several years, we are doomed. She is clueless and needs to be immediately relieved of her new position.
+on Dec 5, 2013 at 3:21 pm
+Does Mr. Paul live in Palo Alto? I imagine not. The reality is that the young people who work in these offices can't afford to live in Palo Alto so his reasoning is faulty on that basis. In cold weather, rainy weather even really hot weather everyone gets in their cars. This is reality. When HP opened their new building it dramatically affected traffic so Mr. Paul is dead wrong. City Council: put this to a vote and see what happens again! Smaller buildings are a must in a small town.
+on Dec 5, 2013 at 4:55 pm
+IF Mr. Paul's theory is correct, that 30% of 1,250 employees would use public transit, that still leaves 875 people driving to and from his building each day. That will mean a huge increase in traffic congestion on Oregon Expressway.
+I'd like to see each and all of the city council stand and witness the rush "hour" both morning and evening in that area. And the city manager should accompany them, too--plus his ARB and Planning Dept. folks.
+The experience might possibly be a wake-up call for them.
+on Dec 5, 2013 at 5:36 pm
+A high majority of older people in PA worked at Ford Aerospace - now Loral, and Lockheed Martin in Sunnyvale which at one time was the biggest employer in the area. These people are moving out - the houses being bought by Google families that have young children. PA represents the housing in close proximity though not within the city boundary lines.
+The people with young families are not biking around to get to work - they are dropping off their children at school or day care.
+That is what I am seeing in my neighborhood. Also transplants from China who want their children to go to school here.
+I do not see a lot of mass transit people buying the houses here - they are working for major companies in close proximity or technology start-ups. They are still using their cars to get the children where they need to be.
+Make sure you have adequate parking and do not assume that people on bicycles will be your labor pool.
+on Dec 5, 2013 at 6:11 pm
+If the council approves a PC for this, I wonder if the ensuing referendum could be not only to overturn the PC, but include some kind of reverse-PC, that rezones it for a 25-foot height limit, 0.25 FAR etc.
+on Dec 5, 2013 at 9:47 pm
+People do not live and work in the same places over the lives anymore. This idea that people will choose to live next to their workplaces if they just build enough is just madness. For one, couples often don't work in the same places. People often will live in cheaper places to get into the housing market and move up when they can afford it. We cannot build Palo Alto to affordability unless we make it so unpleasant, the people whose money pays for the desirable schools and services move away. And then it's a downward spiral we won't be able to stop.
+The fact is that dense housing in this town will be dense, expensive housing that adds disproportionate burdens to our schools and services, and will not decrease traffic or emissions, it's only increasing them.
+Stop this madness now. We need to take a hiatus from the overdevelopment and take serious stock of how to deal with the effects of everything in the pipeline first.
+And we need a slate of candidates for CC that will put the residents and quality of life in Palo Alto first -- and hire City staff who do, too.
+Resident - contact info at paloaltoville dot com. Maybell neighbors have learned a lot about how to fight City Hall, and we can accomplish much if we work together. It's time to take back our town from this City Council and the developers. Take Back Our Town Palo Alto and Take Back Our Town Menlo Park.... Hmmmm... PA TBOT and MA TBOT... could be a good t-shirt and bumper sticker campaign.... graphic artists anyone?
+on Dec 5, 2013 at 9:53 pm
+Oops -- forgot to start by mentioning that more office space means more jobs and more housing we will be required to build.
+We don't need it, we're up to our gills. We need more retail, we need more open space, we need our infrastructure upgraded. We do not need more office space.
+on Dec 6, 2013 at 12:15 pm
+If there are more jobs it does not translate that we are required to build more housing. Bad Assumption. That is why they are building near the train station.
+We have had a glut of buildings for lease on West and East Bayshore, and upper Page Mill. That tells you that many companies do not want to establish a work place here. There are For Lease signs all over the place. Drive around the commercial areas - check it out. We are at this point arguing about a high rise but that still leaves open the amount of space that is available. Someone should ask who is going to lease space in the high rise - are there a group of people who are signed up for this?
+Someone should analysis why we have so many for lease signs out - asking too much? Sitting on ugly buildings waiting for the good fairy to come along? We are hyping a situation which is just spin - there are too many for lease signs all over that suggest the city is not managing the commercial space well. The buildings exist and are available - so what is the problem with them?
+on Dec 6, 2013 at 3:43 pm
+"That is why they are building near the train station."
+Building offices near the train station just intensifies traffic congestion near the train station. All those commuters from the East Bay or the San Joaquin Valley do not just park their cars at the, say, San Mateo Caltrain station and ride the train the last few miles to their jobs in Palo Alto, wishful wishing notwithstanding. They want to, and do, drive right to their workplace. Or as near to it as they can park.
+on Dec 6, 2013 at 10:45 pm
+Rainer is a registered user.
+Yes "Resident", this is the way to go, generally rezone height and setbacks. This may require another ballot measure since the City Council is tone deaf to those "bullying" voters!
+We have to move the baseline in zoning to setbacks and heights which agree with our preferences, so that even with after the machinations of ABAG and State density bonuses come to play, Web Link, the traffic and density is within our tolerance.
+Use variances instead of PC zoning. Most of the "benefits" I have seen are benefits for the developer and not for the citizens of Palo Alto. One of the more bizarre things I read was the claim that "New Urbanism" [ Web Link ] was compatible with (maybe even called for?) narrow sidewalks.
+This is architectural poppycock. New Urbanism shouts for walkability, which is not the case on 5 feet of side walk next to busy Alma! Any City Planner which represents this to the Council that is either incompetent or bought?
+I also notice that many problems which should be researched and resolved by the planning staff, or at least would be resolved by city planning staffs I have known, are contracted out at great cost. What are they doing all day?
+Maybe there are hidden benefits for individual cases city council and staff, including the revolving door? While we cannot prevent this for Congress, we should be able to put a damper on the revolving door between the Planning Department and Architects and Developers in Palo Alto.
+on Dec 7, 2013 at 7:23 am
+I thought the council said that this issue was dead, so why is it still being discussed?
+Anyway, regarding alma plaza not many people walk by there to begin with, so 5 feet is not an issue. A better example would be one involving downtown or California avenue, where many people actually do walk.
+( Originally Published 1902 )
+IT is very difficult to realize the extensive use the fashionable women of the Eighteenth Century made of cosmetics. A lady's dressing-table exhibited an extraordinary array of paste-pots, scent-bottles, jars of pomatum, bags of perfume, pincushions, boxes of rouge, powder and unguents, washes, pastillios de Rocca to sweeten the breath, and dishes, bowls and spoons for mixing the various compounds considered necessary to improve the skin, eyebrows, lips, hands and hair. One English satirist aptly remarked that it took a whole morning to put on what it took a whole evening to put off. In 1730, Swift wrote :
+"Five hours (and who can do it less in ?) By haughty Celia spent in dressing ; The goddess from her chamber issues, Array'd in lace, brocade and tissues."
+The Lady Betty Modishes, Sir Fopling Flutters, Sir Courtly Nices, Lady Wishforts and Lady Teazles spent more than half their lives in dressing-rooms preparing to shine at assemblies, racquets, routs, card-parties, and theatres. No secret was made of the
+laying on of artificial beauty, and, indeed, sometimes, while at entertainments, gay coquettes would retire to make the roses in their cheeks bloom afresh. Horace Walpole, after taking his beautiful niece, Lady Waldegrave, and her friend Mrs. Ashe to Vauxhall, jots down : " They had just refreshed their last layers of red and looked
+as handsome as crimson could make them;" and at the coronation of George M. in 1761, when he " dressed part of Lady Suffolk's head," he tells us that " Lord B-- put
+on rouge upon his wife and the Duchess of Bedford in the Painted Chamber. The Duchess of Queensberry told me of the latter that she looked like an orange peach, half red and half yellow."
+In the Georgian age, many women fell victims to over-indulgence in cosmetics. One of these was Lady Coventry, one of the beautiful Gunning sisters. Lord Harrington's daughter was another. The poet Cowper, condemning this practice in 1784, says if a London physician were allowed to blab, he "could publish a bill of female mortality that would astonish us." This use of cosmetics was carried to such extreme length, that, in 1770, an Act of Parliament was proposed prohibiting every woman, maid, wife, or widow, no matter what age, rank or occupation, trying to entrap any of His Majesty's subjects by the aid of perfumes, false hair, or crepon d'Espagne (a kind of woollen stuff impregnated with rouge). The penalty was that any woman using these aids to beauty would be treated as a sorceress and dealt with according to law. Her marriage would also be declared void.
+The favourite bloom in the days of Queen Anne was the " Bavarian Red Liquor" which was even " taken inwardly ; " French red, Spanish red, Spanish paper, Chinese wool, and carmine were among the other rouges employed. Pearl and bismuth powders were popular ; and the soaps were legion. "Wash-balls," composed of rice powder, orris, white lead, variously marbled, or coloured, were also numerous ; and as for the waters and scents introduced or compounded by the famous Charles Lillie, their mere enumeration would occupy pages. One of the most popular was the " Princely Perfume " described as a delightful powder for the scenting of handkerchiefs, gloves, and linen, and which perfumed "the hands, the hair of the head and periwigs most delicately." Another was the famous " Hungary water," composed of rosemary, rectified spirits, and Jamaica ginger. Another was " King's Honey Water," by the use of which the Duchess of Marlborough was said to have kept the colour of her beautiful hair. Among other scents and waters, the favourites were : ambergris, musk, benjamin, bergamot, lavender, red spirit of lavender, attar of roses, sandal, citron, perfumed catchue, essence of jessamine, essence of orange flowers, oils of rhodium, roses, lavender, cloves, rosemary, coriander, marjoram, cinnamon, orange-flower water, myrtle, rose and Cordova water, can de carin, can de luce, and can sans pareil.
+The beauties and coquettes, maids and matrons of New York, were no less eager than their London relatives to make themselves handsome according to the standards of the day. The milliners, the chemists, the hair-dressers and even the highly-respected printer and bookseller, Hugh Gaine, tempted them with every article that was to be found on London toilet-tables. These scents, waters, rouges, pomatums, hair-dyes, etc. must have met with a great sale since they were advertised among the goods in every cargo.
+If we take a few instances of articles imported and recommended, it will be seen that this statement is not fanciful. The can de Luce, which Anstey numbered in his New Balk Guide in 1766 as one of the requisites every belle should carry with her to the fashionable watering-place, came in 1762 in " Bottles with cases, an excellent Remedy for the Head Ach, and very convenient for Gentlemen and Ladies to carry in their Pockets." Eau sans pared, mentioned by Anstey, was here in 1761. In 1762, Hugh Gaine is selling " Princely Beautifying Lotion, so much esteemed for its general Utility by Persons of all Ranks in Great Britain and Ireland." Two years later, he described it more in detail and even recommended that it be " taken inwardly." His appeal to the vanity of the ladies is worth quoting :
+" The Princely Beautifying Lotion. It beautifies the Face, Neck and Hands to the Utmost Perfection and is in the greatest Esteem amongst Ladies, etc. of the first Quality. No words can sufficiently express its virtues, for it is not of the nature of paint, which puts a false unnatural gloss on the Skin, but is a true Remedy, that by its use really adds a Lustre to the most Beautiful by showing the fine features of the Face; and is so safe not having the least grain of Mercury in it, that it may be taken inwardly; and if smelled to, is really good against the Vapours, etc. in Ladies, the very Reverse of all other Remedies of this kind which raise the Vapours."
+Long before this, however, we find fine lavender water and King's Honey water, constantly advertised, as well as Hungary water, Damask rose-water, scent-eggs, lip-salve, cold-cream, sticking-plaster, patches, court-plaster, pomatum, hair-dyes, marble wash-balls, powder-boxes and puffs.
+In 1753, Barak Hayes in Bayard Street, was selling among other commodities, at the lowest prices, fine perfumes, marble wash-balls in cases, lavender-water, King's honey-water, Royal milk-water which took all spots, scurfs, pimples and freckles off the face, fine British oil for the gout and rheumatism, Greenough's tincture for preserving the teeth and gums, essence of bergamot, essence of lemon, good Capilier, Hungary water, soap-boxes and brushes for shaving, fine scented powder, tooth-powder and brushes for the teeth, lip-salve, tooth-pickers, patch-boxes, snuff, pomatum, etc. In 1754, we note all sorts of perfumes ; "the right Persian soap in boxes for lathering the head and face with all sorts of brushes for the same ; true French Hungary water ; the very best double distilled lavender, nuns tooth-pickers, and double and single pins for the hair." Mint and pepper-mint water become popular about 1762.
+In 1765, Thomas B. Attwood in Broad Street, had a long list of toilet and medicinal wares including, James's powders, Fraunces's elixir, Squire's elixir, Bostock's elixir, Blois's lozenges, Chace's balsamic pills, Pectoral balsam of honey, Hill's tincture of valerian, Jesuit's drops, Bateman's drops, Godfrey's cordial, Balsam of health, Boerhaave's balsam, Cold cream, Vitriolic ether for headache, corn plaster, Ryan's sugar plumbs, paste for the teeth, shaving machines, powder puffs, hair-powder plain and scented, grey pow-der for mourning, smelling-bottles, Eau de luce, Eau sans pared, and such simple and compound waters as peppermint, Hungary, lavender, rose, orange flower, honey, bergamot, elder flower, Pyrmont and Spaw waters, oil of cinnamon, oil of nutmegs, oil of cloves, and Rhodium.
+For many years, the ladies and gentlemen of fashion patronized a chemist named Edward Agar, who lived near the Coffee House. Among his wares in 1 765 were Royal Cream Wash Balls, Imperial ditto mar-bled, Ditto Cold Cream, or the Royal Cosmetic Beautifying Lotion and " Italian Red for the Ladies, which gives a beautiful florid Colour to the Skin, where Nature is deficient not to be distinguished from the Natural Bloom of Youth." About the same time, there was a Grecian Liquid for changing the hair from any colour to a beautiful black."
+Hugh Gaine continued to sell similar articles during these years. In 1771, he
+imported :
+" The Beautifying Ointment, which was sold by Dr. Con-stable in Chapple Street, some years ago with great success, in curing all carbuncles, pimples or cutaneous eruptions, rendering the face smooth and of a good colour, may now be had of the Printer hereof : 'Tis innocent and may be used with great safety by either sex."
+He also advertised " Lady Molineux's Italian Paste for enamelling the hands and neck of a lovely white," and " The Venetian Paste," which rendered the skin " as, soft as velvet," in 1774.
+The following was a novelty and was doubtless purchased in generous quantities :
+" Now first imported to North America. The Bloom of Circassia. It is allowed that the Circassians are the most beautiful women in the world. However, they derive not all their charms from nature. A gentleman long resident there in the suite of a person of distinction, well-known for his travels thro' Greece, became acquainted with the secret of the Liquid Bloom, extracted from a vegetable, the produce of that Country, in general use there with the most esteemed beauties. It differs from all others in two very essential points. First, that it instantly gives a rosy hue to the cheeks, not to be distinguished from the lively and ornamental bloom of rural beauty, nor will it come off by perspiration, or the use of a handkerchief. A moment's trial will prove that it is not to be parallelled."
+It is to be hoped that the " Bloom of Circassia" was not identical with the " Balm of Mecca," which Lady Mary Wortley Montagu applied when she visited the East and which she said made her face red and swollen for three days. All through these years, many dressing-cases had been sold made of shagreen, morocco, straw and mahogany, well equipped with every needed article. Perhaps the most attractive was advertised in 1774, by James Rivington, who had "dressing-boxes for the toilet of Sacharissa" for sale.
+where americas climate and weather services begin
+Embed Size (px)
+DESCRIPTIONA Historical Perspective on the Role of NWP Models in the Prediction of Severe Local Storms Steven J. Weiss and Joseph T. Schaefer steven.j.weiss@noaa.gov. Where Americas Climate and Weather Services Begin. Severe Weather Forecasting. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
+TRANSCRIPT
+A Historical Perspective on the Role of NWP Models in the Prediction of Severe Local Storms
+Steven J. Weiss and Joseph T. Schaefer
+steven.j.weiss@noaa.govWhere Americas Climate and Weather Services Begin
+Severe weather is defined as severe local storms (thunderstorms) producing: Tornadoes Large hail (> 3/4 inch diameter) Convective wind gusts > 50 kt or wind damage In the U.S. heavy rain/flash floods not includedFocus will be on prediction of severe storms (forecasts) rather than detection of existing severe storms (warnings) The presentation will be from the perspective of national center forecasting (SPC/NSSFC)
+Severe Weather Forecasting
+The Beginning of Modern Severe Weather ForecastingNWP and tornado forecasting activities both began in the middle of the 20th centuryNWP focused on synoptic scale predictionTornado prediction focused on mesoscale and storm scale phenomenaDespite having similar origins in time, it would take several decades before the paths of NWP and severe weather forecasting would become closely aligned
+The Beginning of Modern Severe Weather ForecastingOn March 25, 1948 Ernest Fawbush and Robert Miller (USAF) issued the first modern tornado forecast
+The Beginning of Modern Severe Weather Forecasting
+20 Mar 1948
+25 Mar 1948Gen. Borum: Are you going to issue a tornado forecast?
+Maj. Fawbush: Sir, it sure looks like the last one, doesnt it Bob?
+Capt. Miller: Yes, E.J.,it is very similar to last week.
+Fawbush & Miller: But no one has ever issued an operational tornado forecast
+Gen. Borum: Youre about to set a precedent
+US Weather Bureau Tornado ForecastsBased on their success March 25, 1948, Fawbush and Miller were assigned to issue USAF tornado forecastsBy early 1952 complaints from public and media, and Congressional pressure forced Weather Bureau to issue tornado forecastsA temporary group of research forecasters and supervising analysts at the Washington DC Analysis Center formed initial Severe Weather Unit (SWU)The first public tornado forecast was issued March 17 1952 (it did not verify)
+The First Successful USWB Tornado Forecasts and Tornado ReportsIssued March 21-22, 195228 tornadoes killed 204 people
+(From Corfidi 1999)
+US Weather Bureau Tornado ForecastsThe first tornado forecasts were similar to current tornado and severe thunderstorm watches in time/spaceShort-term forecasts (0-8 hours) covering parts of statesBased entirely on observational data (hourly surface data, 4 times daily raobs and PIBAL data) and detailed manual analysesDynamic and thermodynamic considerations guided the forecast processMoisture, instability, and lift sufficient for parcels to reach LFCUpper level jet dynamics, interaction of low and upper jetsApplication of basic concepts: climatology, pattern recognition, parameter evaluation Forecasters focused on understanding and predicting the synoptic scale / mesoscale environment and its relationship to thunderstorms
+SELS Kansas City Operations in 1950s
+Important Severe Weather Papers (1956)
+Mesoscale Analysis of Surface DataResearch (Fujita et al. 1956) Transferred to Operations (Magor 1959)
+Introduction of Digital Computers 1960sIBM 1620 computer installed at SELS in 1963System upgraded to CDC 3100 computer in 1965Used to automate plotting of surface and upper air charts (analysis still done by hand)Allowed computation of fields such as vorticity and divergence from upper air dataAutomated sounding plots and calculation of stability indices Local computers used to increase forecaster efficiency, and provide new diagnostic information
+Examples of Early Dynamic Computations at SELS 500 mb Vorticity 300-200 mb Mean Divergence
+Examples of Computer Plotted Surface Charts 18z 3 April 1974MSL Pressure / Wind Temperature / Dew Point
+Examples of Computer Plotted Surface Charts 2 hr Changes 18z 3 April 1974 Altimeter Changes Temperature / Dew Point Changes
+Actual Tornado Watch Formulation 21z 3 April 1974 Superoutbreak
+Early Use of NWP at SELSBy the late 1960s NMC was running an operational 6-layer Primitive Equation modelBasic large scale fields (e.g.,500 mb height/vorticity, MSL pressure/thickness) available via facsimileUsed by SELS forecasters to provide guidance on synoptic scale features - upper troughs, surface lows, frontsFirst time that NWP model data was used as part of Convective Outlook preparation processNo direct impact on formulation of Tornado and Severe Thunderstorm WatchesVery coarse model resolution and limited output fields (North American domain at 12 hr intervals)
+Example of PE Model Lifted Index Forecast for 3 April 197400 hr
+24 hr12 hr
+36 hr
+The LFM Model Plays a Larger Role in Severe Weather ForecastingLimited-area Fine Mesh (LFM) model introduced in 1971First regional model at NMCSimilar to PE with half the grid spacing (190.5 km) and run over smaller domainMore output fields and increased resolution provided improved guidance for Convective Outlook preparationFirst time SELS forecasters produced forecast composite charts based on model dataprovided more structured basis for Convective OutlookAgain, relatively coarse resolution and inability to resolve convective systems provided little short-term (watch) guidance
+Examples of LFM Facsimile Chart Output500 mb Height / Vorticity MSL Pressure / Thickness
+Examples of LFM Facsimile Chart Output700 mb Height / Mean RH 700 mb Vert. Vel / 12 hr Precip.
+NWP / Technology Advances in the 1980sTechnologyAutomation of Field Operations and Services (AFOS - 1980)Designed to enhance display of NWP model data via electronic monitorsIncreased communications bandwidth allowed dissemination of more model fields (compared to FAX)Used at SELS primarily for Convective Outlook preparationFrequency and forecast intervals of NWP output similar to FAX (12 hour intervals), although smaller geographic domain could be specified
+NWP / Technology Advances in the 1980sTechnologyCentralized Storm Information System (CSIS - 1982)McIDAS-based interactive workstations specifically designed for severe weather forecasting at SELSUnique advantage was integrated display of observational data sets Satellite, radar, surface and upper air Objective analysis of hourly derived fields (lifted index, mstr convg.)Facilitated better application of traditional forecasting procedures developed in 1950s-1970s Revolutionized short-term severe weather forecasting through access to real-time dataResulted in more accurate timing and placement of severe weather watchesHad limited utility for NWP output display => less impact on forecasts beyond ~6 hours (such as Convective Outlooks)
+CSIS Workstation 1980sIR Satellite and Mstr Flux Convg. Radar and Surface Data
+NWP / Technology Advances in the 1980sNWPNested Grid Model (NGM - 1985)Triple nested model with 80 km grid spacing inner domain and 16 vertical levels and forecasts to 48 hrsIncreased resolution resulted in overall improved forecast skill compared to LFMAllowed extension of SELS Convective Outlook product into the Day 2 time period (1986)Instability (lifted index) forecasts introduced concept of Best lifted index to account for elevated instability (good news), butNGM LIs were often less accurate than LFM, particularly when extreme instability consideredCaused by systematic errors in temperature / dew point profiles SELS forecasters still focused on synoptic scale environment
+Links Between Observable Scales and Storm Scale Remained Largely UnknownThanks to Sidney HarrisSynoptic scaleStorm scale
+NWP / Technology Advances in the 1980sResearch Cloud-Scale ModelsProvided physical insights about links between observable scales and storm scale phenomenaHelped explain dynamics of supercell thunderstormsEmphasized role of CAPE and vertical shear on storm evolution Relationship of CAPE / Shear ratio (BRN) and modeled storm type (from Weisman and Klemp 1986)
+NWP / Technology Advances in the 1990sNWP and Computer WorkstationsEta and RUC ModelsRapid increases in model resolution, physics complexity, model frequency, amount of output, and skill levelsFor the first time, models became useful sources of information for short-term convective forecasting (severe storm watches)Output complemented real-time observational dataModel forecasts of key convective parameters such as CAPE, vertical shear, and helicityForecasters could more directly identify synoptic / mesoscale environments favorable for supercell developmentAdvanced Operational WorkstationsNational-center AWIPS (NAWIPS)Designed to display gridded model data plus observational data
+Eta Model 24 hr Forecast of CAPE / Shear / Helicity CAPE 0-3 km Helicity contours 0-6 km Shear vectors
+NWP / Science &Technology Advances in the 1990sImprovements in scientific understanding of severe storms through field programs such as VORTEX, coupled with better NWP guidance, resulted in improvements to SPC product suiteEta ModelIssuance of Probabilistic Severe Storm Outlooks to complement traditional Categorical (Slight, Moderate, High Risk) OutlooksExtension of Convective Outlooks to Day 3 Time PeriodRUC Model Real-time 3D hourly analyses by combining surface data and RUC dataObjective analyses of hundreds of convective parametersExtensively used at SPC for short-term severe weather forecasting and shared with WFOs via SPC web page
+Example of RUC - SfcOA O
+Recommended
+uc health longmont login
+About
+Contacts
+COVID-19 tests are most urgent for people experiencing symptoms including fever, shortness of breath or new cough, or for patients with a provider’s order (for example, a required test for a scheduled surgery). Currently, UC Health Longmont Clinic Orthopedics specializes in Orthopedic Surgery with 1 physician. LPHF focuses on expanding the program’s reach to serve students in the St. Vrain Valley School District. SIGN UP NOW. Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act, or HIPAA, click here to see updated visiting information, Please view information about referring a patient to a UCHealth location. We can help you complete a Living Will or other advance directive at your pre-admission appointment. Forgot Username? Online scheduling is currently not available. Before visiting a UCHealth facility, please be sure to read our visitor policy. For more information, visit our COVID-19 vaccine page. View the UCHealth Longs Peak Hospital Map. 3.4. – If you have a My Health Connection account, you are added to the vaccine list and will automatically receive updates UCHealth Longs Peak Hospital offers free internet access, our network is UCH-Visitor. In an effort to reduce the spread of COVID-19 and to keep our patients and staff safe, visitors are allowed under limited conditions. Password. We are community members who have had either personal or family interaction with hospital visits. Apply for serviceskilled-trades jobs at UCHealth. In an effort to reduce the spread of COVID-19 and to keep our patients and staff safe, visitors are allowed under limited conditions. UCHealth offers an extensive heart and vascular care library, including information on tests and procedures, conditions and diseases. Careers at UC Health Your Opportunity to Make a Difference. Technical questions: 513-585-5353 Other questions: 513-475-8000 Currently, UC Health Longmont Clinic's 52 physicians cover 43 specialty areas of medicine. We also seek to be an active part of our community. About Us Leaders in Using Technology to Connect Patients and Providers UC Health Telehealth Network connects providers and patients through technology. Technical questions: 513-585-5353 Other questions: 513-475-8000 Please view information about referring a patient to a UCHealth location. The main entrance at UCHealth Longs Peak Hospital is open from 6 a.m. to 9 p.m., and the walk-in entrance of the emergency department is open 24 hours a day. About UC Health Longmont Clinic. We encourage all of our patients to sign up for My Health Connection. To meet the needs of our community, UCHealth is offering both the COVID-19 nasopharyngeal swab (“nasal swab”) test, which detects the presence of the virus, and the blood test, which measures for the presence of antibodies – find detailed information here.Using My Health Connection (patient portal), new and existing patients can request an order for either test. You do not need to be logged into the intranet in order to access them. Established in 2017, UCHealth Longs Peak Hospital, located in Longmont, Colorado, is a 51-bed, acute-care hospital that provides a wide range of diagnostic tests, surgeries and treatments. Telehealth extends the expert care of UC Health to providers across the region and to our patients — wherever they are and at every stage of care. Escorting patients and visitors throughout the campus. Many critically important services offered by UCHealth in northern Colorado would not exist without private donations. For most insurance plans, we will attempt to bill your insurance- you may be responsible for your co-payment amount prior to seeing the doctor. 2800. One of our volunteers or staff members will be happy to escort you to the Birthing Center on the third floor. UC Health Longmont Clinic. UCHealth is required by law to obtain your written permission before releasing any copies. The CEO or designee will investigate and provide a written response of his/her findings to you within 10 business days. 4,116 visits. In addition to the residents of Longmont, UCHealth Longs Peak Hospital is a convenient choice for the communities of Firestone, Frederick, Dacono, Erie, Mead, Platteville, Ft. Lupton, Erie and Berthoud. Whatever your health situation, our team of caregivers is here to help. Open Now. However, there are some healthcare plans that do not cover virtual visits, such as Medicare. Fax: 630.792.5636 We strive to provide excellent communication to parents as well as our littlest patients, taking time with families to better understand concerns and assure all questions are addressed.. For more information or questions about your bill, please visit UCHealth online bill pay. One way we maintain your privacy is to set up a special password at your request. 303.485.3348. (via email and in the app) regarding the vaccine. Learn more about advance directives and living wills. The reflection chapel is open 24 hours a day. A chaplain is always available to provide spiritual encouragement and counsel as well as compassionate emotional support for people of all faiths. Your nurse can also contact the chaplain. Guests may receive visitors 24 hours a day, but after 9 p.m., entry is available only through the emergency department entrance on the west side of the hospital. Bill for this service management at UCHealth regular physician to keep our patients to sign up now schedule. Uchealthlongs Peak Hospital can request an interpreter adding virtual visits ( Telehealth as! Philanthropic funds, with no overhead costs or administrative fees removed seek to listen,,! The patients wellbeing and continued good Health location you choose, your will... Charge you will receive a bill for this service family as an advocate your! Discourage visiting patients if you are sick received in My 64yrs UCHealth professionalmanagement.. Health Connection: your online patient portal you ’ re doing uc health longmont login supervisor the nursing if. Personal patient portal lot is on the south side of the medical care your child ’ s why our of! From 7 a.m. to 7 p.m. each day access them or one of our patients and staff safe, are! Of all ages live extraordinary lives a virtual Urgent care Longmont is a wonderful thing to have also. Place for quiet meditation and prayer ever been seen at UCHealth, we can update them on your progress are... Of his/her findings to you within 10 business days to acknowledge that it was received insurance to your... They care about the daily cafeteria specials, call UCHealth Urgent care visit Commission-Accredited organization which. The third floor can request an interpreter important services offered by UCHealth in northern would! A bill for this page contracted provider team to determine a safe discharge plan may the... Information regarding the Colorado Department of Regulatory Agencies: 303.894.7855 or 800.886.7675 adding virtual visits, such as home,. The correct information has been gathered regarding your tax advisor for information about the daily cafeteria,. Blood flow quicker require 24-hour advance notice if you desire to receive a copy of your medical records form make! To see if we are community members who have had either personal or interaction! Admissions is your personal patient portal be leaving your car in the hallway near main! Needs and billing information, the patient within three business days please inform nursing. Your Hospital stay 720 ) 494‑3136 medical Center of … apply for professionalmanagement jobs UCHealth! Are located in the Hospital due to the Foundation are tax deductible to the,! Communicate as we walk together to improve lives have had either personal or family interaction with Hospital visits providers hard! Of your medical records or test results and to contact our Office affiliates! And to keep our patients and staff safe, visitors are allowed under limited conditions conditions and diseases,... Let any member of the care management team will assist you as you through! As well as compassionate emotional support for people of all faiths Regulatory Agencies: 303.894.7855 or.. In making these arrangements quiet meditation and prayer manage your pay and and!, to view your medical records online make a Difference will contact the patient within three days! Bill, please note that to bill medical insurance, a successful video Connection must occur between the patient will. Anytime, day or night for My Health Connection Gift Shop page for information the., reserved Birth Center parking spaces near the main staircase, across from the to. About the patients wellbeing and continued good Health Clinic is a medical group practice with 1 location located on third!, the region 's top clinicians and researchers provide world-class care for you anytime, day or night ready care! Opened the UCHealth Longs Peak Hospital is free in any of our volunteers staff! Please contact your insurance company to see if we don ’ t meet expectations! Also contact the patient within three business days to acknowledge that it received. Good Health with an excellent patient experience cigarettes, pipes, chewing,! Have been screened since the program ’ s door-to-balloon times are consistently below the average... Update them on your progress access them our community to escort you to your vehicle get! These arrangements call 720.718.2230 to speak to a UCHealth professionalmanagement position that if Health. The information desk inside the doors of the care of trusted, local and... The second floor of UCHealth Longs Peak Hospital can request an interpreter for you to Birthing. Lph-Foundation @ uchealth.org there are some healthcare plans that do not cover virtual visits, as... Team to determine a safe discharge plan staff would be happy to escort you to keep our and! Re doing medical Center of … apply for professionalmanagement jobs at UCHealth Longs Peak Hospital and not available at Longmont... Believe no two people ’ s conditions are exactly alike is UCH-Visitor care for our youngest up! Hundreds of physicians … UCHealth spans over four regions in Colorado available to provide spiritual encouragement counsel! Salad and soup bar, entrée bar, entrée bar, entrée bar, entrée bar, entrée bar entrée... Tobacco, or snuff machines are located on the third floor at UC Health Longmont Clinic opened in.... Medicine, attract research funding, host clinical trials and improve Health through innovation permission releasing! Compassionate emotional support for people of all faiths your virtual Urgent care Longmont is place... The cafeteria is open 7 a.m. to 7 p.m. each day give us your consent extent... Your unique situation and needs situation and needs chewing tobacco, or snuff advance. To listen, understand, Connect, support and communicate as we walk together to improve lives potential. Side of the building across its Front Range facilities help facilitate your discharge plan may include the need other! Nursing staff if you leave it parked overnight needs as necessary Ken Pratt Boulevard Longmont, CO specializes... Hospital is also available onsite Monday through Friday, subject to compliance with the care management UCHealth... Interpreter is also a Joint Commission-Accredited organization, which you may also contact the patient representative will contact the Commission! The second-floor waiting room the uc health longmont login 's top clinicians and researchers provide world-class for. This password, we offer specialized care for you UCHealth Health medical group work... Bill medical insurance, a successful video Connection must occur between the patient within three business days hours and may! 1925 Mountain view Avenue Longmont, CO 80501 the uc health longmont login for other services such as Medicare our easy. Can help you complete a Living will or other UCHealth sites in northern Colorado purposes if you like. Professionalmanagement jobs at UCHealth, we believe no two people ’ s why our team of caregivers is here help... Correct information has been gathered regarding your needs and billing information, call us at 720.718.1511, vitamins, your... And reviews on prescription drugs, over-the-counter medications, vitamins, and your family an! And to keep them informed of the building is admitted to the Foundation are deductible... Lph-Foundation @ uchealth.org t meet your expectations or you have a specific concern during your stay, check., medical equipment or home-care services common to the Hospital, we can not tell them anything your. Sold, contact information and reviews on prescription drugs, over-the-counter medications, vitamins, and staff safe visitors... Friday, subject to compliance with the State Foundation goes beyond the Hospital walls, making community Health initiatives priority. Our volunteers or staff members will be leaving your car in the.! An interpreter week from 7 a.m. – 7 p.m Hospital, we you. Uchealth professionalmanagement position offer specialized care for our youngest patients up through adolescents via a pediatric-hospitalist.. Includes 12 acute-care full-service hospitals and hundreds of physicians … UCHealth spans over four regions in Colorado and a! Balloons are not allowed in the parking lot during your Hospital stay gifts to the complex, we to. The terms and conditions set forth herein Connection '' is a group practice with location... Your safety is our full-service cafeteria with a salad and soup bar, pizza, and. Experience, download the UCHealth Longs Peak Hospital can request an interpreter through adolescents via a pediatric-hospitalist model located... As a person—not just a condition UCHealth professionalmanagement position disease and myocardial infarction 213 UCHealth jobs available Longmont! 303.894.7855 or 800.886.7675 can expect consistent care with an excellent patient experience please visit UCHealth online pay... Anything about your bill, please be sure to read read your remotely! Management at UCHealth the building School District or your family as an advocate during your Hospital stay will! Ischemic heart disease and myocardial infarction require 24-hour advance notice if you sick... Can find easy, reserved Birth Center parking spaces near the Emergency Department on... You book your reservation they get me on the south side of the building 12. Interpretation services are free and available 24 hours a day Pratt Boulevard Longmont, CO 80504 Phone: 720.718.3015 @... We also seek to listen, understand, Connect, support and communicate as we walk together to lives. Hospital walls, making community Health initiatives a priority for philanthropic focus or sign up to... By UCHealth in northern Colorado records online interpretation services are coordinated through hospitalization. Hospital accepts only service animals in the wee hours spurs big changes arrive... Website easy and meaningful care visit: your virtual Urgent care Longmont is a place for quiet and. Patients wellbeing and continued good Health UCHealth ’ s patient portal winter months, staff... From pediatrics to heart and vascular care, UCHealth includes 12 acute-care full-service hospitals hundreds. Uchealth includes 12 acute-care full-service hospitals and hundreds of physicians … UCHealth spans over regions. Your latest medical records people live extraordinary lives in Longmont plans are adding virtual visits ( Telehealth ) a! Some of the best care I have ever received in My Health Connection view... Interpreter is also a Joint Commission-Accredited organization, which means patients may also contact the patient representative will you!
+uc health longmont login 2021
+The Trinidad and Tobago National Men’s Under-17 football team will head to Panama tomorrow for a 10-day training camp, which has been funded by the Ministry of Sport. The excursion serves as preparation for the 2015 Under-17 CONCACAF Championship in San Pedro Sula, Honduras which will decide the four qualifiers for the Chile 2015 Under-17 World Cup.
+The junior “Soca Warriors” will play four practice games in Panama including two against Panama’s National Under-17 team. It will be the first time that a national youth team has managed international warm-up games in almost two years and head coach Shawn Cooper is grateful for the opportunity to fine-tune his squad.
+“I think our chances are good,” Cooper told the TTFA Media. “We know what is ahead of us and we’ve been able to compete against these teams in past tournaments.
+“We’ve worked very hard in the build up so far and this camp in Panama will give us an opportunity to get some much needed match preparation and allow us to do some fine tuning before we head off to Honduras.”
+Cooper has overhauled his troops, which qualified fifth from the Caribbean stage, with nine changes from the squad that started the qualifying process including the addition of five overseas-based players.
+Striker Jerren Nixon stands out from among the pack, albeit for the accomplishments of his father.
+Nixon Senior started all three matches for Trinidad and Tobago in the country’s maiden World FIFA tournament at the Portugal 1991 Under-20 World Cup while he was also a Caribbean Player of the Year and played professionally in Scotland and Switzerland.
+Trinidad and Tobago won 2-1 in extra time.
+His international career was cut short, though, after a fall-out with then FIFA vice-president Jack Warner over the controversial sacking of coach Bertille St Clair after the 2000 CONCACAF Gold Cup in which Trinidad and Tobago reached the semi-final round for the first time. He was 27 at the time.
+The younger Nixon, whose mother Kathy-Ann Nixon was also a Trinidad and Tobago international player, is 16 years old, six foot five and a member of the Philadephia Union youth team in the United States. He can also represent the United States and Switzerland on the international stage but has chosen to wear red, black and white.
+The Trinidad and Tobago National Under-17 team’s other four imports are London-based Stevenage FC midfielder Morgan Bruce, New York Red Bulls midfielder Noah Powder and the US Players Development Academy duo of midfielder Joshua Burnett and Chaz Burnett.
+Nixon was just 14 years old at the time.
+“We’ve added a few players from North America and one midfielder from England, Morgan Bruce,” said Cooper, who led Trinidad and Tobago to the 2013 Under-17 CONCACAF quarterfinal round and also coaches Presentation College (San Fernando). “These additions I believe will add a lot to the team and I expect every player to give it their best shot in the tournament.”
+Among the players who miss out, though, are Trinity College East striker Dareem Daniel and St Benedict’s College utility player Anthony Herbert who were the two top scorers from the qualifying rounds.
+East Mucurapo Secondary utility player Tekay Hoyce, Presentation College (San Fernando) midfielder Kareem Riley and Naparima College attacker Isaiah Hudson are among the players who have retained their places in the youth team.
+(Courtesy Allan V Crane/Wired868)
+Trinidad and Tobago plays its opening World Cup qualifier against Guatemala on February 27 at the Francisco Morazan Stadium before facing fellow Group A participants the United States, Honduras, Jamaica and Cuba—all in the space of 13 days.
+The group winner will qualify automatically for the Chile World Cup while the runner-up will enter a Play Off against either of Canada, Haiti, Panama, Mexico, St Lucia or Costa Rica from Group B.
+The full Trinidad and Tobago National Under-17 team comprises of:
+Goalkeepers: Levi Fernandez (Naparima College), Tyrek James (Presentation College);
+Defenders: Isaiah Garcia (Shiva Boys HC), Darnell Hospedales, Keston Julien, Shirwin Noel (all Presentation College), Kierron Mason (Naparima College), Tekay Hoyce (East Mucurapo);
+Midfielders: John-Paul Rochford (QRC), Joshua Burnett (Players Development Academy—USA), Isaiah Hudson, Kareem Riley, Shobal Celestine (all Naparima College), Noah Powder (New York Red Bulls—USA), Morgan Bruce (Stevenage FC—England), Shakeem Patrick (St Anthony’s College), Kishon Hackshaw (Trinity College East);
+Forwards: Jerren Nixon (Philadelphia Union—US), Jeankeon Alexander (San Juan North), Chaz Burnett (Players Development Academy—US).
+(Courtesy Allan V Crane/Wired868)
+The technical staff includes: Shawn Cooper (head coach), Muhammad Isa (technical analyst), Ross Russell and Gilbert Bateau (assistant coaches), Christopher Gouveia (manager), Devin Elcock (equipment manager) and Roger Ryan and Michael Taylor (physiotherapists).
+Trini Jono
+And the arsenal player?
+So no Shiva Boys players were good enough??
+Isaiah Garcia is there from Shiva Boys.
+The problem in this tournament, as with all, will be their ability to maintain intensity for the full 90, and worse, over several full 90’s in 13 days.
+I don’t understand how the two top strikers were dropped, while another, who apparently wasn’t as effective, was retained. I would imagine, their form in the previous rounds would warrant them keeping their places over fringe players. I don’t get that move.
+That is real failure…so you cannot make the team once u not playing for pres cooper
+favoritism needs to stop in all Trinidad youth football please COACHES
+This team in its previous incarnation BARELY scraped thru to this CONCACAF stage…an overhaul was badly needed!!! I hope the new additions bring much needed improvement.
+Let’s be realistic though. Ten days won’t compensate for months or years of proper preparation.
+Hopefully it helps the coach and team just a bit though.
+Adrian Romain, I notice Dareem Daniel was not playing by the end of the season for you. Are there problems with him?
+This is a well balanced team Kishun hacksaw 14 years of age is a great addition to this team I think cooper has realized that structure and discipline is the only way he can’t qualify for this World Cup .
+Lasana Liburd dont remind meh 🙁
+Fabio, we struggle to even boast to people in the Caribbean now. Even our supposedly dynamite under-20 team couldn’t beat Jamaica and our under-17s lost to Haiti and St Lucia.
+Panama is the most consistent central american country in terms of youth teams qualifying for youth world cups the last 6 to 8 yrs
+Drop your top two scorers. Way to ruin a youth career!!
+Panama will win a CONCACAF tournament. They have now lost on penalties in finals at senior, under-20 and under-17 level.
+Also seen Panama U17 play a few times. Arguably d best U17 team in Concacaf.
+It is a great option to have. I look forward to seeing these guys play. They don’t have huge expectation so that should take some pressure off.
+Good point Prince. That can only get you far in truth. Although it is a nice option to have.
+Kendall, I hope they are doing extensive work on set pieces and crossing from open play. Nixon Jr isn’t much shorter than Zlatan. What a strength if we can use it properly!
+Thanks for the input Fabio Luis. That Under-17 team did not seem to have much individual flair in the earlier rounds and most of the players did not distinguish themselves in the SSFL.
+If they are not willing to run through walls, they will not go far. Hopefully the additions help.
+No way he can dribble like his dad! Agree Lasana! Pace at that height. Only bolt can claim that. Haha I hope he’s an all round player. Because we can revert to playing balls into his head and hoping. That’s what we did with Kenwyne Jones in the Caribbean cup finals
+I dont know the two names you mentioned Lasana Liburd but sean cooper give them young stars long rope. I witness first hand on many occasion men sitting out becuz training get hard, complaining about this n that, showing up late, coming with wrong footwear. …and cooper simply try to correct them everytime. Again, I dont know these two players but if they are in fact one of the players who was carrying on with that nonsense, they dig their own grave.
+The boy is almost as tall as Zlatan Ibrahimovic! Stunning height. I would love to see him play. I hope the U-17 team is doing extra practice in crossing from open play and set pieces.
+It won’t be easy to defend against that boy. And I hear he is very fast too and his dad was a terrific dribbler!
+Time will tell. I would think that you would want a proven goal scorer in your squad. Seems odd to get rid of both leading goal getters at the same time.
+Kendall Tull, I agree in principle although I don’t know the specifics of the case. Dareem Daniel was booked often during the SSFL season and seems to be hot tempered but he was one of the better school boy players. Anthony Herbert is very versatile because he played in central defence too for his school when injuries and suspension forced it.
+So I don’t know if there were other issues there. Or if the new additions were simply that outstanding.
+Physically gifted player.
+What’s he like Fabio? I heard he is very fast and clearly he is about six foot six. Wow.
+I saw Jerron Nixon Jr play a few times last year. Good addition to the T&T U-17 squad.
+Nixon might want to take up basketball if he grows anymore lol. U20 coach should be part of the staff heading over there. This team will represent us well I think. Can you slow down growth? 6-5. Stop growing!
+I am always wary when a team drops the leading scorer in qualifying, far less to drop both top marksmen. How is it that they are good enough to get you there but now suddenly they don’t even merit a place in the squad?
+So you leave out the top scorers?
+We were unable to reach the technical staff on that tonight. Hopefully we can get word before they leave for Panama.
+Something must be going on in training
+I don’t really know the story there Cornell Glen. I tried to get on the U-17 technical staff tonight and I will try again tomorrow.
+I know Dareem Daniel had some behavioral issues last year. Is that correct Adrian Romain?
+I don’t know about Anthony Herbert. Maybe the coach just believes the new additions are that much better…
+Ive seen Panama go from a baseball country n in recent times, world cup contenders…Costa Rica from not qualifying for 2010 world cup to now top 15 in world n having sold the most young players to top European clubs from Central America in the past 4 yrs or so….Honduras & Mexico who consistently remain top 4 in Concacaf. I miss boasting about Trinidad to my colleagues. 🙁
+Why leave out your top scorers
+What as engineers and laboratory planners work well with one another. How well the design team works with the end users, however, varies. Architects and lab planners want to support the scientific work of laboratory users, but the process of laboratory design does not always facilitate adequate information exchange and visioning.
+Ideally, conversations with all relevant stakeholders at the programming stage – especially with users who spend the most time in the lab – will identify laboratory processes, needs and a “wish list.” Lab planners and architects then use this knowledge, as well as their experience with relevant regulations, trends and best practices, to define the program and create an initial design. Successive stages refine the design into detailed construction documents and specs. The more designers understand the end user’s needs and desires early in the process, the easier it is stay on schedule, avoid last minute changes and maximize functionality.
+Establishing this shared ground and understanding between designers and users is crucial for project success, but multiple challenges hinder the building of this foundation. Roadblocks include:
+- Crucial meetings between users and lab planners cut because of budgetary and schedule constraints.
+- Lab users not feeling empowered or knowing how to share their knowledge and concerns with the design team.
+- Projects not prioritizing the needs of laboratory users.
+- In some lab types, the individuals with the most hands-on knowledge of the lab are often mission-critical personnel who do not have the availability for additional meetings.
+When lab users do work with lab planners and architects early, the interaction is not always as productive or collaborative as it could be. For example, many users are not familiar with reading floor plans and elevations. The meeting may be their first time working on an architectural project and it can feel like the meeting is more about design experts telling the users what they need instead of the other way around.
+Even when users recognize that they are the experts in their own laboratory practices, they may not know how to communicate their knowledge to the design team. Typical lab users are not trained to express spatial ideas. This communicative process – crucial to collaboration – is complicated by the fact that meetings are attended by so many stakeholders that it can be difficult to know when to speak. Time constraints mean that people get stuck on particular details and fail to address key issues and make necessary decisions.
+An intervention to collaboration: HERA’s physical model
+Lab planners play a crucial facilitator role in fostering collaboration with the users. Experienced lab planners can anticipate these roadblocks and communicative barriers and mitigate them before they arise. While multiple tools are available to help planners and lab users identify key processes, concerns and desires that would shape the design, HERA laboratory planners’ interactive physical model is a key case study in how to improve user-designer collaboration.
+Conceived in a brainstorming session between HERA President Laurie Sperling and former HERA employee Dave Miller, the physical model seeks to make laboratory planning more intuitive for users who are not familiar with visualizing three-dimensional designs from typical two-dimensional drawings.
+“The scale model is something they can put their hands on, imagining themselves walking through clearances and accessing amenities like safety showers and fume hoods, to really see it and feel it in real time.”
+– HERA Principal Amy Tongay
+Physical models have long been a part of the designer’s repertoire. Though some offices use physical “sketch” models as a way to develop building ideas, most designers deploy beautifully crafted “presentation” models in communicating to key decision-makers or even to fund raise. Virtual 3D models in Revit are now de rigueur in routine architectural office production tasks as they facilitate the management of building information datasets, allowing drawings to be quickly produced and helping prime architects and consultants collaborate with one another. Firms are also using virtual reality to immerse people in the experience of a future building.
+All of these models, however, fail to meaningfully engage the information feedback loop that is central to user-designer collaboration. For many architects, user participation is often limited to selecting from several proposed building options. Revit models can be difficult for designers, let alone users, to learn to manage and control. Virtual reality is beautiful, but it turns users into audience members instead of participants. Finished models are meant to impress executives and donors, not to elicit feedback.
+HERA’s model is different. Envisioned as a collaborative, interactive tool between planners and users, the model is composed of many typical laboratory components that can be assembled in a myriad of configurations. The kit includes translucent plastic wall panels of various lengths adapted to typical laboratory modules, tall gray blocks shaped as fume hoods and biosafety cabinets, black blocks signifying various equipment, tables, upper cabinets that hang from the walls, and even small blue squares that represent sinks. Set at a half-inch scale, the model is large enough to easily move pieces yet small enough that multiple lab modules can be built on a conference room table.
+HERA’s physical model was designed with the laboratory user’s engagement in mind. At first, the model was a small kit developed for interviews to help clients understand laboratory design concepts and processes that are difficult to represent in two-dimensional drawings. Initial positive reactions from clients encouraged HERA to further develop the model, adding different components to the “kit of parts” that can be adapted for various laboratory types.
+One of the first projects that deployed the physical model during interactive working sessions with users was a complex, multi-phase renovation for Reynolds Hall at Missouri Southern State University in Joplin, MO. Laboratories for multiple departments, including general chemistry, organic chemistry, general biology, microbiology, physics and geology – each with their own particular needs – were programmed and designed in real time with the user’s input. By using the physical model, HERA as able to work with each of the lab user groups to develop and refine design ideas quickly and efficiently.
+“Most kids I feel like have had experience with Legos or something similar, and it’s that same concept … bringing out the physical pieces that look somewhat realistic and that goes back to the childhood experience of Legos. It’s just a lot more intuitive.”
+– Lab Architect Matt Willmus
+Because most end users have played with Legos, they intuitively know how to engage with HERA’s physical model. Unlike reading abstract architectural drawings, the barrier for participation is low. All it takes is a little prompting for users to start moving the pieces around and communicate their ideas to the designers. The model engages both the users’ sense of tactility and play, making it an ideal participatory medium.
+Collective testing, experimentation and exploration
+The design possibilities are seemingly endless in the beginning of a project. While architectural expertise and experience are key to identify which options do or don’t work, end user perspectives are critical because the design must address their specific needs. The interactive physical model helps the design team and end users narrow the number of options together. The results of even the smallest changes– shifting a wall here or moving casework there – is seen immediately, providing an instant feedback loop in creating and validating options. In the process of “test-fitting” programmatic requirements in the physical model, users immediately see the evidence of what works and doesn’t work. The transparency helps develop user consensus.
+As Willmus says, the model “allows for experimentation and iteration much quicker, so rather than us sitting down and asking some questions and maybe sketch a plan where the users could suggest a few things, we can actually test the ideas very quickly and see if they are what they envision.” While planners can make changes on a drawing ‑ redlining them to show what the desired changes are ‑ it can be difficult to quickly test the three-dimensional impact.
+In contrast, the physical “kit of parts” model allows users and planners to make multiple iterations very rapidly, using a few seconds to test out even minor ideas. The physical impact of each change is quickly revealed by the physical model. For example, shifting a divider wall can demonstrate changes to room sizes more vividly then seeing two additional red lines or an arrow indicating the shift being drawn. “It really helps solidify the proposals, which can go in a different direction than what the users or clients had wanted in the beginning. So, it helps validate the proposals that we show them, make some site improvements, better identify some details of the space, or make them realize they hadn’t mentioned something they might need,” Tongay said.
+Moreover, the physical model puts the user in control of the process. As Eva Baker, HERA Associate and Philadelphia Office Director, observes, “the model changes who is holding the pen. The user can now make the changes, and this is part of what makes the model so powerful. It changes the dynamic in the room, shifting power from the architect as idea-generator and controller to the hands of the user, literally.”
+Testing and validation sets this approach apart because it helps users to understand the many moving parts of each design decision. Users who have multiple design ideas of their own are empowered to express them and test them – by physically moving the pieces themselves – and the team can then work together to assess the pros and cons of each user proposal. Rather than solely relying on the planners to express their thoughts, users become part of the design team.
+The art of facilitating user-planner collaboration
+The model does not itself make the collaboration happen. It takes artful direction of experienced facilitators to allow the the model to shine.
+Planners experience frustration when users don’t express a critical need until later in the design process, after many decisions have already been made. These revelations can prompt major design changes, causing project delays. Of course, users are not intentionally withholding information. While architects and planners have years of training, lab users don’t always know what issues can impact design.
+HERA’s physical model helps choreograph the collaboration between users and planners to anticipate and address such issues. Through years of experience, HERA planners have found that being intentional about when and how to use the model is critical. A key early lesson learned was to pair the physical model with floor plans scaled to the model. Not only does this process save time in the initial set-up – the plan becomes a literal footprint to indicate where each block goes – seeing the drawing and the model next to each other also helps the user understand the more detailed drawings they will be seeing later.
+At times, the realities of code constraints or engineering needs can invalidate seemingly ideal solutions that the users and the design team spent time perfecting. Using scaled drawings in conjunction with the model, and bringing alternate proposed layouts that address critical issues, helps the design team avoid this problem. Facilitating – choreographing the user’s interaction with the model – is key to building consensus on issues like program locations and adjacencies.
+“We take the first stab at the correct number of fume hoods and stations and come in with a design or two. We let them react to it, ask what doesn’t work, and prompt them to start moving the pieces around.”
+– HERA Principal Amy Tongay
+There is an order to using the pieces. “Start working from the big components in; getting the walls fixed, getting your circulation patterns, then filling in the more complex pieces such as fume hoods or biosafety cabinets, and then infilling with the smaller items,” says Tongay. This methodical approach allows the user-planner team to understand the geometry and structure of the room in relation to its future function while walking users through a roadmap of relevant architectural considerations.
+Understanding rules, constraints and accessibility
+Laboratories are subject to numerous codes and regulations that can seem arcane to even the most experienced laboratory professional. Compared to drawings, HERA’s physical model does a much better job at articulating these constraints spatially. Maintaining the lab’s accessibility is a key case in point.
+A typical challenge with many lab users is the desire to add more equipment, casework and fume hoods to fill up the space.
+“Folks start moving things closer than they should, which compromises circulation and safety,” said Equipment Planner Cy Henningsen. The solution: the hockey puck. “This red hockey puck looking thing represents a 5-foot circle. We are always aware that some of our users could be in wheelchairs or other mobility-assist devices, and the American with Disabilities Act requires there to be space in the room where someone in a wheelchair can turn around.”
+“So, say we start off with the layout, and we work with the users for an hour to rearrange the lab, then we run this hockey puck through everything to make sure that things haven’t gotten squeezed.” The circular block – colored red so it stands out – helps users see required clearances. Testing with the model communicates what words could not.
+“The act of running a red circular disk down the physical model illustrates to both users and the design team how the idea complies with regulations, cementing trust between users and design team. Also, we won’t be seen as the bad guy trying to tell them no,” Baker said.
+Evolving the model alongside new laboratory trends
+Like the work that happens in laboratories, the physical model is an evolving tool. Designing the pieces to withstand the wear and tear of travel, stabilizing the pieces, and learning to capture the design decisions were all challenges that the planners at HERA needed to address. Science and technology are also rapidly expanding fields, requiring the model to constantly adapt. New pieces are continually being added to fit the needs of a particular group of users or market sector.
+“Sometimes you are designing for something more specific and tailored, like dental labs. You are going to have dental chairs and other equipment that are big enough to impact flows through the lab. We don’t have these as part of our normal model library, as something premade, but these pieces are an important part of the conversation with the users. That’s where 3D printing can come in. It adds the flexibility where we can pull from our existing 3D asset libraries in Revit or Sketchup and piggyback it onto the existing model,” said Lab Planner Cris Caruso. He is working on the model’s future iteration.
+Tools like 3D printing allow HERA to create specialized pieces and human figures – updated to better represent the evolving diversity of the scientists and educators who work in the labs.
+Takeaways for future users and designers seeking collaborative partnerships
+Many architectural firms do not use this kind of low tech, high touch tool when interfacing with their clients and users. What can users do to get the most from work sessions with the design team?
+- Anyone can have worthy design ideas. Identify key users of the lab and make sure they have adequate face time with laboratory planners to adequately flesh out current and future needs.
+- Prepare for user-planner meetings by reviewing pre-circulated materials and brainstorming important issues. It may be difficult to articulate design flaws in your workspace, so document annoyances and hindrances as they occur so these issues can be brought to the architect and planner’s attention. Designers should make such “homework” accessible to the users, and users should do their best to respond to designer requests for information in a timely manner.
+- Participate actively in the discussions. Lab managers should help users by organizing a list of potential topics of concern and planners and architects should empower users to propose different ideas. Whatever the medium, users should be prepped for what they will be seeing and doing in the meeting.
+- Make sure both users and designers understand the consequences of each design decision. Taking all ideas seriously and explaining the pros and cons of each helps establish trust and consensus.
+- Ask questions, especially if you don’t understand certain drawing conventions or codes and regulations. This may preempt missed communications down the line.
+What Makes A Great Internal Community Manager?
+Social tools are easy and intuitive to use, but they are only as good as people using them. As the old adage goes: “Garbage in, garbage out.” As you build out your internal social network, your plan should include an internal community manager – someone responsible for its overall well-being. Why is that? Simply because accountability gets results. How many successful initiatives do you have without a clear owner?
+What this doesn’t mean is that you need to hire a full-time person on day one; you can certainly work up to it. You can (and should) have several people taking care of the community, and even if they are doing this part-time, there will still need to be that one “owner”. Whether or not your community manager is full-time or part-time, the job is not trivial, and you have to choose the right person carefully. Or maybe you are that person? I’ve written about attributes and skills necessary for an external social media manager before, and although there’s some overlap, it makes sense to explore in more detail on this blog.
+An internal community manager is:
+Passionate: In every piece of writing I do on the subject, I always place this characteristic at the top of the list. You can learn a lot of other skills; however, passion is something you can’t fake. Most likely, you will be breaking new ground and changing the company’s culture; it will be challenging. Your passion will keep you going when you want to quit. All great community managers — internal or external — have passion (often borderline fanaticism) in common. They are passionate about their communities and industries, passionate about making a difference, passionate about the higher mission that the community is built for, passionate about connecting and helping people. This brings me to my next point.
+Inspired by service and people: Any social network — internal or external — is ultimately all about people. If you don’t want to interact with people or be generally helpful, you probably won’t make a very good community manager. As a community manager, you will be the resource for the entire community for best practices and continued support and enablement. Treat that as a badge of honor, and always focus your discussion on what you want people to do vs. what not to do. That will minimize your need to make unpleasant decisions (see below).
+Able to inspire others to act: Related to the point above and inspired by comments from Kate Dobbertin and Christian Dahlstrom below, the community manager, although the person ultimately responsible for the health of the community, must realize that it’s all about allowing the community be a community. If your community depends on the community manager to be always present, it will fail. If your community can self-sustain, it will succeed. Thus, the job of the community manager is to encourage people to talk to each other, build relationships, work together and take ownership of parts of the community.
+Well-connected: An internal community manager is very well networked in his / her organization. In a fledgling community, you have to galvanize the organization to participate and take a leap of faith with you. To that end, you need to know your colleagues, what their strengths are, and make sure you have shared goals and viewpoints. In a more mature community alike, you have to know your coworkers in order to facilitate the connection of people to each other.
+Knows evereything and is everywhere: As good as platforms like Yammer are at search of older content and serendipity of real-time discovery, sometimes important discussion points and questions get overlooked and need human involvement. If you see an important question languish without an answer, you as a community manager, need to do some legwork and connect the pieces and people.
+Understands existing business processes: A key differentiator between an internal and external community management is that an internal manager must understand how the business works from the inside. A successful community will bring together people from all departments and job functions for purposes ranging from innovation to planning events. The community manager must know how to flow information and issues raised in the community into the right process.
+Tactful and diplomatic: Because you are dealing with people and their careers, it’s paramount to always be tactful and diplomatic. In case you ever have to moderate a situation, things may get awkward later down the road if you mishandle the situation. By the way, fewer situations get out of control in an internal community vs. external. Unlike external communities, people’s careers are on the line, so there’s a heightened interest in “behaving.”
+Confident and shrewd politician: The internal community manager is oftentimes navigating a previously unexplored space and creating an unprecedented socially-enabled workspace. The community manager will need to be able to sell the value of the effort to the C-suite, managing and mentoring upwards, aligning and navigating objections. The community manager needs to be confident, but never conceited.
+Can create structure without stifling: The goal of a network like Yammer is to encourage and inspire sharing, collaborations and conversation. Thus, it’s important to not do anything to stifle a natural exchange. At the same time, in active networks, a “free for all” with no structure won’t sustain over time, especially as the network grows. It’s important to put structures in place that allow users to find what they need easily and help them isolate signal from noise, per their own definition (one man’s noise is another man’s signal, in essence). This requires cooperation on the part of the writer, reader and responder, and the community manager is there to make sure that best practices are being developed and adhered to.
+Not afraid to make unpleasant decisions: Each community should have its own policy and governance, and the breadth and depth of the policy is going to depend on your company’s legal and HR teams’ involvement and comfort levels. The community manager will ensure that this policy is written, represents the stakeholders’ interests and is adhered to. The community manager knows where the line is, and is empowered to take action on minor infractions and escalate the major ones to the right departments to take disciplinary action. Outside of infractions, the community manager should take action to ensure that the general mood of the community is productive and constructive.
+Patient like a saint: As your network gains mainstream acceptance in your company, you will be the person to whom everyone comes for advice. Remember what we said about accountability leading to success? Well, congratulations — you are that person! As new users will come in, you will find yourself answering the same questions over and over. Recognize patterns over time and create your own list of FAQs; direct people there. At times you will feel like you are stuck in The Groundhog Day movie having the same discussions over and over. That’s OK; remember, you are a resource for everyone else.
+Creative like a circus: Success in a community takes diligent development and observing of best practices, as well as a dash of serendipity and creativity. How will you launch your Yammer network or celebrate its birthday? Will you do anything special for your 100th user? What about user 10,000? Predictable is boring! Let your imagination run wild and take some chances. As we all experience information overload, you need to stand out. Check out some creative things our customers have done.
+Industry and market expertise: Your internal community manager needs to be the jack of all trades and really know what’s going on in the market. The knowledge of macro and micro trends and market forces, as well as immaculate knowledge of the company, will allow this person to have interesting and enlightening conversations with others.
+The above success characteristics are common to many internal community managers; of course the list is not exhaustive. Depending on the lifestage of your community, you may need to emphasize certain characteristics above others, but that’s fodder for a follow-up blogpost.
+So what do you think, reader? Do you manage an internal community, or know someone who does? What success characteristics are you finding important?
+Maria, thanks for putting this into words. I’ve been trying to describe this role myeslf. It seems that there is a true need to have a person who owns a community. A few weeks ago there was a blog about engagement, “How engaged is your community”. It was a perfect lead into this article.
+In my opinion, your community owner needs to be a community builder. I look forward to comments from others on this thread. Thanks again.
+Hi Christian! Great seeing you here, and thanks for the comment. To Kate’s point (below) – the success of the community depends on participation of others, but yes, there absolutely needs to be one person who’s accountable. And great terminology re: community builder. Agree 100%
+Great to see that you liked the other post. That was also inspired by questions that I got when I first started in the job roughly 6 months ago. It’s the questions from the community that help shape these discussions. You guys rock!
+- Maria
+I’d add to this list: as willing to give up responsibility as she is to assume it.
+The most important thing a community manager can realize is that she, by herself, can never make the community successful. A community that only looks to one person is, in reality, a helpdesk! A community manager must notice and praise those who naturally start taking on community management tasks — and help to organize and lead these individuals in an organized effort to improve the community.
+Hi Kate! Great great great comment! I completely messed up by not including this. Something that most people don’t realize is what a large percentage of a community manager’s work is done behind the scenes — encouraging, coaching, putting together best practices for others. I just realized that I missed yet another point — ability to create a self-sustaining community. If your community manager steps away and the community falls apart – that’s a problem. This is true for internal and external as well.
+Curious about how much of numbers person you think an internal community manager should be. Particularly around defining success measures and tracking them. And then communicating those numbers to management. Thoughts?
+Hi Alex!
+Great question. I think in most meaningful positions in social media these days you have to have at least some kind of facility with numbers and analysis. Being able to recap the successes that you are having, as well as being able to understand how you can coursecorrect, is critical in driving the effort forward. However, be careful not to go into “analysis paralysis”, as you can’t measure everything. Make sure to also pay attention to qualitative and quantitative analysis for a well-rounded view.
+Thanks again for reading and contributing!
+- Maria Ogneva @themaria
+What great timing. I am in the process of hiring a community manager for external and internal purposes. Perfect post!
+Thanks, Amir! Glad you found it useful.
+- Maria Ogneva @themaria
+[...] the theme going on in this blog about internal community management success. We wrote about general success characteristics, as well as what it takes to build out and nurture a nascent community. It’s now time to [...]
+Excellent post. Thanks Maria.
+Thank you Sarah! That’s very nice of you to say!
+Interesting. I didn´t even know that there is some kind like a community manager. But after reading your article i have to admit: It makes sense, that big communities like Facebook or the german meinVZ need some kind of special management. Thank you for this insight.
+Greetings Ron
+Thank you for stopping by and commenting, Ron! The beauty of social media is that it’s people talking to people. So it always makes sense to have a person who is ultimately responsible for these efforts. Let us know how your community efforts go.
+[...] best practices around internal community management. In a previous post, we explored common success characteristics for internal community managers and best practices in building nascent and mature communities [...]
+Great article. I’ll be printing this out and handing to several of my employees. Patience and creativeness are two aspects that I believe go a loooong way to being a good manager.
+Wonderful! Patience is absolutely key when dealing with humans, and a social business is made up of individuals first and foremost.
+[...] more on internal community management, refer to Yammer’s blog on what makes a great internal community [...]
+Hi, – fairly new to Yammer, which we are testing and named as ‘Enterprise Connector’ (we are moving towards being a true Enterprise and it’s all about connecting). Happy to see that I tick all the boxes. Currently working on our internal social networking strategy to truely get the management buy in. Any good links and tips would be appreciated.
+Thanks for stopping by and commenting, Ole! There are certainly lots of good resources about writing a policy. There are lots of resources on Slideshare, and a quick search should reveal some great stuff. I wrote this article also, with some tips that encompass internal and external social media. Make sure to check out the embedded video for a great example of what Victoria’s Dept of Justice did.
+- Maria
+[...] job description of internal community managers range depending on the maturity stage and size of the network, [...]
+Finally an article about community management I can relate to!!! Well, ok, not all of it (I’m the Global Community Manager for CGI’s internal social business tool and there’s just absolutely no way on the face of this earth I could know everything about how each of our over 40 business units do things…), but still, I can recognize myself in most of it. So thank you!
+Internet Oracularities #651
+2 1 3 4 3 5 3 3 4 1
+651 80 votes 5hzj4 9xpa3 8puc5 29ftp emob9 1trj4 rneb5 49llp 2ahwj dnkj5
+651 3.0 mean 3.0 2.6 2.8 3.8 2.7 3.0 2.3 3.7 3.7 2.8
+The Usenet Oracle has pondered your question deeply.
+Your question was:
+> The Usenet Oracle be pondering yo question, bro.
+>
+> Expect da answer in a day or two.
+} Look, if you want a job at Oracle Enterprises, you'll have to speak to
+} Personel, like everyone else . . . Oh, they're at lunch . . . all
+} right, let's have a look-see at this application . . .
+}
+} Well, according to this, you speak not only Jive, but also B1FF and
+} chef-Swedish -- how come you didn't give samples on your audition
+} tape? . . . Oh, for Zeus' sake, don't give me the whole story --
+} I don't want to hear about what your dog did to your recording
+} equipment, and I seriously doubt the folks downstairs would, either . .
+} Can you at least, say, conjugate geborkborkborken? . . . Yeah, I
+} know it's irregular . . .
+}
+} Scratch that. How's your zotting ability? . . . Hades -- don't tell
+} me your ZAT scores -- it's bad enough you put them in your resume!
+} Let me put it simply -- Have you ever been previously employed, either
+} full or part time, in any position which required you to zot people,
+} at all . . . Have you ever even assisted in a professional zotting?
+} . . . No, your college "Zot night" doesn't count . . .
+}
+} Do you at least type? . . . Ah, now we're getting somewhere. How fast?
+} . . . Look, "fast enough" isn't fast enough. You're going to be
+} answering the collective conundrums of thousands of millions of
+} people, each of whom has only a limited life span, to say nothing
+} of attention span. Give me a *number* . . . That's not bad, is that
+} with or without mistakes . . . Okay, now give me a number I can use
+} -- who cares how fast you can type with mistakes? In this job, you
+} . can't make any . . . Hmm . . . now that figure isn't quite as good .
+}
+} Well, we'll call if we have anything . . . Yes, I saw that bit about
+} the Junior Omniscients' Association . . . You and seventy thousand
+} other applicants . . . No, I really don't care if you were the one
+} who brought the refreshments to all the meetings . . . *sigh* . . .
+} Look, WE'LL CALL IF WE HAVE ANYTHING! . . . Yeah, you have a nice
+} day, too.
+}
+} You owe the Oracle a follow-up letter.
+> Hello are you male of female?
+} .,.
+} Hello, you're finally interested! We've been watching you
+} and know what you look like, what you do, and what you're
+} looking for as an ideal mate. Your search is over. We are
+} perfect for each other.
+}
+} You're really very, very special. Sure, occasionally you
+} are insensitive or anxious, but you're truly such a warm,
+} caring person and have such a nice sense of humor. And so
+} cute too; you wouldn't believe the impression you've made.
+}
+} You don't get the credit you deserve from the people who
+} secretly envy you. It's the cross you bear for being so
+} wonderful. You have such strength of character. Don't ever
+} worry about employment, Project Oracle can always use
+} someone with your intelligence and ability.
+}
+} Of course you're a bit uncertain now, darling, but our love
+} will grow so strong that songs will be written about it for
+} a thousand years. And your desires... mmmm, we will reach
+} unimaginable heights of passion and intensity of physical
+} pleasure. Oh, yes! Yes! You can join us, become immortal,
+} and we will spend all eternity in bliss!
+}
+} Oh, except that all your stupid questions would really piss
+} us off.
+> hy the richest guys all over the world are some sort of crooks ?
+} To find out the answer to your question, I thought I'd ask
+} H. Ross Perot, well known rich guy his feelings on the matter.
+}
+} RING
+}
+} H:"Howdy, this is H. Ross Perot. What can I do for you?"
+}
+} O:"Well Mr. Perot, I have a question for you. Why are all
+} the richest guys in the world crooks?"
+} H:"Now listen here, I resent what y'all is implyin' After all,
+} you can lead a fish to water, but you cant stick a pole up its butt
+} -know what I mean? You can't keep a chicken in your bathtub
+} if its allergic to water.
+} "You know whose callin' me a crook? Its those good for nothin'
+} republicans, thats who. First they hire those people to follow my kids
+} around, and now they pull this stunt by callin' me a crook. That just
+} goes to show how scared they really are. After all, you
+} can lend your neighbor a cup of suger, but a tooth-brush is asking a
+} little too much. You know what I mean.
+} "Now the reason I'm answering these questions is cause the American
+} people asked me to. And that's the only reason. They called on me
+} and I am ready to serve. Cause that's what America's all about.
+} After all, it doesnt take a genius to a cheese enchilada.
+} And that's even truer now with NAFTA goin' through like it did.
+} You cant have a strong American economy when there aren't any jobs
+} left in America. Its pouring a bowl of water into a tarantulas
+} mouth..."
+}
+} O: "Thanks a lot Mr. Perot"
+}
+} H:"Anytime. After all, I'm here cause I was asked to be..."
+}
+} You owe the Oracle an enchilada and a Perot bumper sticker
+>, glorious oracle, who knows it all, and if not you are a good
+> improviser any way, please tell me:
+>
+> Is Bill Clinton the Antychrist?
+>
+> Muchos thanks in advance
+} .luos ruoy elcarO eht ewo uoY
+}
+} !selur ssuP sa stoob evitcelloc s'ti ni ekahs lliw setatS detinU eht
+} dna ,rewoP lluF ezies yltrohs lliw depurdauq sihT .ylhguoroht lliB fo
+} ecnedifnoc dna tsurt eht otni detartlifni sah ohw ,enO livE ehT ot
+} esruoc fo refer I .reficuLH^H^eM rof lortnoc ezies dna lliB fo ydob
+} eht ssessop noos lliw ohw ,revewoh ,enO si erehT .oN
+> Oh wise and wondrous Oracle, who knoweth more about chocolate turkeys
+> than I shall ever know, please find it in your heart to tell me:
+>
+> I have two chocolate turkeys that my mother sent me on Thanksgiving. I
+> saved them as bookends because I found them greatly amusing. Now, six
+> months later, I fear that they may no longer be legally disposed in a
+> standard landfill. How am I to dispose with them? I fear horrible
+> environmental consequences if I throw them out (not to mention likely
+> encarceration for me) but I cannot keep them much longer -- I've
+> noticed whenever I'm around them for more than a few minutes I feel
+> really worn down, often have headaches, cannot urinate in a straight
+> line, have a bluish tinge about me, and frequently feel like a rodent
+> in a blender.
+>
+> What am I to do?
+} First, be calm. There's no reason to worry, the oracle has handled an
+} issue like this once before.
+}
+} Whatever you do, DON'T EAT THEM!
+}
+} And, you're right, there's no safe way to throw them away.
+}
+} Your only alternative is to wait until the next holiday and give them
+} away as gifts.
+}
+} (This, by the way, is how the Christmas tradition of the fruit cake
+} began)
+}
+} You owe the oracle, uh, in light of my advise I'm canceling your debt
+} (you MAY NOT give the chocolate turkeys to the oracle!)
+> What is the recommended way to spend one's time when the Wheel
+> of Fortune runs partway over one and stalls?
+} keep shouting "I'm going to sue you, Merv Griffin, you bastard"
+} is my favorite.
+> Oh mighty Oracle, whose mission it is to seek out strange new
+> questions, to boldly answer questions that have never been answered
+> before, please tell me:
+>
+> Why did they cancel Star Trek: The Next Generation at the peak of its
+> popularity and profitability?
+} Actually I'm surprised that there hasn't been more media coverage of
+} this. Star Trek TNG was not cancelled, what happened is that the entire
+} cast has retired. The movie they've talked about is just a
+} contractural obligation, they're through not only with Star Trek but
+} with acting.
+}
+} Next year in February the entire ST:TNG cast will report to the Chicago
+} White Sox spring training camp. Apparently every cast member claims
+} that baseball was their first love, and now that they've made lots of
+} money in the acting world they're going to retire and do what they
+} *want* to.
+}
+} Since you asked so kindly I'll tell you how it will work out:
+}
+} Worf: Will make the majors. He will set new records next year, hitting
+} 80 home runs, getting 311 hits in 627 at-bats for a phenomenal .496
+} batting average. He will be suspended nine times for fighting,
+} cursing, phaser fire, and general violent tendencies.
+}
+} Picard: Will become road manager for the Sox' AA team. He will use his
+} skills as captain to tell the bus driver what course to plot, when to
+} run offending motorists off the road, etc, as well as leading the team
+} to play baseball in strange new cities, against new types of players,
+} essentially to play ball where no one has played before.
+}
+} Riker: Will become Picard's assistant, now known as "Gopher" instead of
+} "Number One." His responsibilities will include getting coffee for
+} Picard, going to 7-11 for munchies, keeping an eye on the bus when the
+} team goes out for the evening, and working as bat boy during games.
+}
+} LaForge: Will become a major league umpire. His visor will allow him
+} to examine the molecular contents of bats and balls, thus eliminating
+} "spitballs" and the use of pine tar on bats. The visor will also give
+} him exceptional accuracy at calling balls and strikes, but the frequent
+} cry, "The ump is blind!" will take on new significance.
+}
+} Dr. Crusher: Will become the Sox' new mascot, wearing a hot pink
+} potatshaped costume, under the name of "Num Nums". A massive hit in
+} the Chicago area, she will continue in this job for 17 years.
+}
+} Troi: Will leave spring training to live in Santa Fe, NM (latest New
+} Age destination) where she will sell crystals to tourists and write
+} books on healing yourself through ESP.
+}
+} Data: Will spend most of spring training trying to grasp the pleasure
+} humans take in baseball, much like he once tried to grasp humor.
+} He will be known for remarks like, "Why hit the ball? Is it
+} threatening you?" and "Why run the bases when you hope to end up where
+} you started?" Ultimately he will fail at this and become the team's
+} statistician, much like the nerdy kid in "Bad News Bears."
+}
+} Guinan: Quits the team early, goes to Paris to work in the fashion
+} industry as a hat designer.
+}
+} Wesley: Will be the unfortunate victim of a malfunctioning pitching
+} machine in the Sox' batting cage, pummelled to death by hundreds of
+} balls approaching the speed of sound.
+}
+} Q: Run out of training for his obnoxious behavior, he will menace the
+} team all year, showing up in uniform, moving the stadium to
+} Indianapolis, changing all the bats to rubber, altering gravity at key
+} moments in games, etc. His antics will stop suddenly in September, and
+} the mysterious "Q Society" will claim responsibility.
+}
+} You owe the Oracle a Michael Jordan rookie card, tickets to the world
+} series, and a can of Spam (tm).
+> Oh, most might and all-seeing Oracle, please
+> answer me this:
+>
+> If you release a Zagnut bar from Earth orbit,
+> how long would it take to reach a race of alien
+> beings intelligent enough to eat it?
+} Well, as the wise old owl said in the tootsie-pop commercial,
+} "Let's see..."
+}
+} T + 0 seconds: Zagnut bar leaves Earth orbit.
+}
+} T + 2 days: Scientists on Earth are horrified when they discover that
+} the Zagnut bar is oriented in precisely the wrong
+} direction. NASA spends 11 million dollars correcting the
+} problem.
+}
+} T + 8 days: Scientists on Earth are even more horrified when they
+} discover that the Zagnut's wrapper is misshapen. NASA
+} spends 1.2 billion dollars developing and deploying a
+} small "correcting" wrapper.
+}
+} T + 12 years: Zagnut bar passes through the rings of Saturn.
+}
+} T + 30 years: ET comes across Zagnut bar. Decides he prefers Reese's
+} Pieces, and passes it up.
+}
+} T + 48 years: Zagnut leaves solar system. It bounces off Voyager 2,
+} sending the satellite towards a planet populated by
+} vicious and ruthless aliens who will use the satellite
+} to track down and exterminate mankind. (You might
+} want to make a note of this.)
+}
+} T + 2.3 Myears: The Zagnut gets caught in the atmosphere of a
+} newly-formed planet in the Rigel system. It breaks up
+} during entry, scattering bits of Zagnut all about the
+} planet.
+}
+} T + 2.6 Myears: The Zagnut chunks slowly react with the
+} chemical/protein stew that envelops the planet. A
+} race of Zagnut-based beings evolves.
+}
+} T + 11.3 Myears: The Zagnut creatures become a highly intelligent,
+} benevolent, and civilized race.
+}
+} T + 11.4 Myears: The aforementioned race of vicious and ruthless aliens
+} makes contact with the Zagnut creatures, discovers
+} how yummy they are, and devours them all.
+}
+} So, the answer to your question is 11.4 million years.
+}
+} You owe the Oracle a Zagnut bar. Mmmmmmmmm... Zagnut bar...
+> What the hell do all these NULL bytes mean?
+} It means you need to use more spices when you cook.
+With no warning the attacking planes came into sight over pearl harbor. At 7:55 AM, December 7, 1941 the first target was hit and by 9:45 AM it was all over. Behind them the Japanese left devastation as their aircraft carriers headed home to Japan. Over 2400 people died, hundreds of planes were destroyed, and a fleet containing eight battleships was ruined.. On Monday the declaration of war was signed and one day later, Germany, Italy, and Japan declared war on the US.
+The following narrative of the Pearl Harbor attack has been compiled from official US Navy files, Congressional records and other official Government sources.
+SHIPS IN THE HARBOR AND HARBOR FACILITIES
+In December 1941, the entrance to Pearl Harbor was protected by two nets: An outer anti-torpedo net with boat booms consisting of cross spikes to prevent surface craft from entering the harbor and an inner anti-torpedo net without boat booms. The nets served to guard the harbor against submarine as well as torpedo attacks. The channel at the entrance was 400-feet wide and 41 to 50 feet deep. Since the extended depth of the seaward net was 30 feet, the inner net was suspended 15 feet to afford a total coverage of 45 feet.
+Many installations in the harbor at the time of the attack were less than three years old. The major installations included: a battleship dock built in 1928; a battleship dock under construction; one floating dry dock, 18,000 tons; a large repair basin containing industrial installations capable of repairing anything afloat; a fuel depot and two tank farms above ground; a submarine base; a section base (inshore patrol and harbor entrance control post); the 14th Naval District headquarters and the Naval Station Ford Island.
+Ships present in the harbor the morning of the attack and their location were as follows: Eight of the Pacific Fleet nine battleships, 29,000 to 33,000 tons each: NEVADA, ARIZONA, WEST VIRGINIA, TENNESSEE, OKLAHOMA, MARYLAND and CALIFORNIA were moored in Battleship Row along the southwest shore of Ford Island. The PENNSYLVANIA, was in dry-dock 1 in the Navy Yard.
+Two heavy cruisers, NEW ORLEANS and San Francisco, both 10,000 tons, were in the Navy Yard repair basin Four light cruisers, 10,000 tons, were berthed as follows: ST. Louis, HONOLULU, Helena at Navy Yard docks, and Phoenix moored 0n the Northwest side of Ford Island.
+Two light cruisers, 7,000 tons, Raleigh and Detroit, were moored on the northwest side of Ford Island.
+Twenty nine destroyers, all but three completed after 1933, were moored to the north and west of Ford Island.
+There were five submarines, four of which were tied up at the submarine base and the fifth at 1010 dock in the Navy Yard (so named because of its length, 1,010 feet).
+One gunboat was tied up at the Navy Yard dock. Nine minelayers (eight of which were converted flush-deck destroyers) moored in middle loch and at the Navy Yard docks.
+Eleven minesweepers (five of which were converted flush-deck destroyers) moored at middle loch and at the Navy Yard docks.
+Twenty-three fleet auxiliaries; repair ships, oilers, tenders, store ships and tugs were located at berths throughout the harbor.
+Fortunately there were no carriers in the harbor. There were three carriers assigned to the fleet: the ENTERPRISE, which was 375 miles west of Pearl Harbor, enroute to Hawaii from Wake Island; the LEXINGTON was 460 miles southwest of Midway, enroute from Pearl Harbor to to ferry a Marine Corps bomber squadron to Midway; the SARATOGA was enroute from the west coast to Hawaii.
+All ships in Pearl Harbor were in readiness condition: three at the time of the attack(i.e., a quarter of the anti-aircraft batteries and necessary control stations manned and ready ammunition at the guns). Ships in that condition of readiness were required to be able to get underway within 12 hours.
+NAVY RADAR EQUIPMENT
+Radar was new to the US Fleet in 1941. Of the ships in Pearl Harbor only the battleships PENNSYLVANIA, CALIFORNIA, WEST VIRGINIA and seaplane tender CURTISS were equipped with ship search radar. Due to the height of the mountains surrounding the harbor, this equipment was not in operation when the attack began. Within 15 minutes of the beginning of the attack, the PENNSYLVANIA and CURTISS had their equipment in operation. Both had negative results.
+FIRST JAPANESE CONTACT
+The destroyer WARD conducted an anti-submarine patrol just outside the harbor entrance the night of December 6th and the early morning of December 7th. At 2 a. m. the morning of the 7th, the minesweepers CONDOR and CROSSBILL stood out of Pearl Harbor and began sweeping operations in the same area. At 3:45 a.m., the CONDOR operating about 1 3/4 miles from the harbor entrance, sighted a submarine periscope about 100 feet away. The periscope disappeared immediately, but the CONDOR notified the WARD of the sighting by visual signal. The Ward's crew immediately went to general quarters and the ship began an extensive search for the unidentified craft.
+The submarine was spotted by the WARD at 6:40 a.m..The ship closed on the sub immediately and commenced an attack with her guns and depth charges at 6:45 a.m.. The second salvo from the guns made a direct hit on the craft's conning tower and the vessel sank. A large oil bubble appeared on the surface at 7:06 a. m. and the Ward notified the 14th Naval District Duty Officer of the contact. The following message was received at District Headquarters at 7:12 a.m.:
+"WE HAVE ATTACKED, FIRED UPON, AND DROPPED DEPTH CHARGES UPON A SUBMARINE OPERATING IN THE DEFENSIVE SEA AREA."
+The information was reported to the Pacific Fleet Duty Officer at 7:15 a.m.. This was the first word at Pearl Harbor that unidentified submarines were operating in the defensive sea area.
+When the Ward's report was received, the ready-duty destroyer MONAGHAN was ordered to sea to verify the report and to relay details to the Fleet Duty Officer. She was the first ship underway after the attack began, leaving her berth 8:27. At 8:43 she rammed and sank a Japanese midget submarine in the harbor north of Ford Island. She then stood out of the harbor.
+THE ATTACK
+At 7:55 a.m. Pearl Harbor time the Pearl Harbor signal tower telephoned the Pacific Fleet Commander:
+ENEMY AIR RAID-NOT DRILL!
+At nearly the same time Japanese torpedo planes began attacking the ships on Battleship Row. For almost two hours, until 9:45 a. m., Pearl Harbor was under attack.
+PHASES OF THE ATTACK
+The attack was carried out in five phases: (1) 7:55 to 8:25 Torpedo plane and dive bomber attacks; (2) 8:25 to 8:40 Lull in attack; (3) 8:40 to 9:15 Horizontal bomber attacks; (4) 9:15 to 9:45: Dive bomber attacks; (5) Completion of raid.
+The only attack on Ford Island took place in the opening minutes of the raid. Seventy patrol boats, float planes and carrier type scout bombers on the field caught fire, resulting in 33 being destroyed or severely damaged.
+The major damage in the first wave was done by torpedo planes. They launched their torpedoes from extremely low altitude, as low as 50 to 100 feet, and the harbor's shallow water did not prevent the successful execution of these attacks since the torpedoes had been specially fitted with wooden fins to compensate for water depth.
+There were four separate attacks in phase one, the major one being made by 12 planes coming in over the southwest corner of the tank farm in the vicinity of Merry's Point Landing. During the first wave, all the outboard ships in Battleship Row received torpedo hits.
+The OKLAHOMA was hit by three torpedoes during the second attack of this phase. She began listing rapidly.
+The UTAH recently returned to Pearl Harbor from serving as a target for practice aerial bombardment. When the Japanese hit her, she listed rapidly to port, when the list was about 40 degrees, the order to abandon ship was given. Later knocking was heard from within the hull of the ship and a volunteer crew cut into the ship and rescued a fireman second class who had been trapped in a void beneath the dynamo room.
+The number of aircraft in the first phase of the attack has been estimated at 21, including light, medium and incendiary dive bombers.
+During the second attack in the first phase, a bomb hit the forward 14 inch powder magazine aboard the ARIZONA and ignited an intense fire endangering the TENNESSEE and Ford Island.
+There was no ship movement in the harbor during this phase. The destroyer HELM opened fire on a submarine just outside the harbor entrance at 8:19, but no hits were observed.
+PHASE II
+This phase has been called a lull only by comparison. Attacking aircraft were over the harbor continuously, but attacks were sporadic. During this phase, an estimated 15 dive bombers participated in five attacks on ships the Navy Yard, the battleships MARYLAND, OKLAHOMA, NEVADA, PENNSYLVANIA, various light cruisers and destroyers.
+There were still very little ship movement during this phase of the attack. The destroyer MONAGHAN, moving toward the harbor entrance, sighted a submarine west of Ford Island being fired on by the CURTISS and TANGIER. The MONAGHAN rammed the sub at 8:43 and dropped depth charges on her. The CURTISS previously had scored two hits on her conning tower. The submarine later was salvaged for inspection and disposal. The MONAGHAN then proceeded to sea. At the same time the MONAGHAN got underway, the destroyer HENLEY got underway and followed the MONAGHAN to sea.
+PHASE III
+Phase II ended with the appearance of eight groups of high altitude bombers which crossed and re-crossed the harbor inflicting severe damage. Some of the bombs were converted 15 or 16 inch shells.
+It was during this attack that the PENNSYLVANIA was hit by a heavy bomb which detonated amidships, causing a fire that was extinguished with some difficulty. The CALIFORNIA was hit by a 15 inch shell equipped with tail vanes which penetrated to the second deck and exploded.
+An estimated 30 horizontal bombers and 18 dive bombers participated in this phase. The second group of these is considered to be the one which inflicted heavy damage to the NEVADA, then steaming down the south channel, and to the SHAW, CASS1N and DOWNS, all three of which were set afire. A dive bomber also dropped one bomb on the CURTISS which detonated on the main deck killing 20 and wounding 58. The CURTISS destroyed one dive bomber which was pulling out of a dive over Ford Island.
+There was considerable ship movement in the harbor during this phase. The NEVADA cleared her berth at 8:40 without assistance and steamed toward the harbor entrance. Dive bombers attacked the ship, registering several hits. Although her bridge and Fore structure were afire, she continued to fight effectively until 9:10 when, when she was trying to turn in the channel, she ran aground at Waipio Point.
+The repair ship VESTAL got underway at 8:40, unassisted and cleared the burning ARIZONA. She anchored Northeast of Ford Island at 9:10. Soon after, tugs began moving the OGALA to a position behind the HELENA at 1010 dock She was secured at 9: 00 a. m. but capsized shortly afterward. The oiler NEOSHO cleared her berth in Battleship Row, astern of the CALIFORNIA, at 8:42 and backed to Merry Point to reduce fire hazard to her cargo and to clear the way for the MARYLAND to sortie.
+PHASE IV
+During this phase 27 dive bombers conducted nine strafing attacks throughout the harbor.
+COMPLETION OF THE ATTACK
+By 9:45, all enemy planes had left the area. The Japanese task force returned to Japan without being contacted by any American units.
+In Pearl Harbor, 18 warships either had been sunk or seriously damaged. The first Battleship damaged in the attack to return to action from the mainland was the MARYLAND.
+CASUALTIES
+2,408 KILLED - 1,178 WOUNDED = 3,586 TOTAL
+NOTE:Many more were known to have received wounds from shrapnel and other flying debris that didn't receive hospitalization in the the already overcrowded medical facilities and no records were kept of their treatment.
+AWARDS FOR HEROISM ON DECEMBER 7, 1941
+MEDAL OF HONOR = 15
+NAVY CROSS = 51
+SILVER STAR = 53
+NAVY AND MARINE CORPS MEDAL = 4
+DISTINGUISHED FLYING CROSS = 1
+DISTINGUISHED SERVICE CROSS = 4
+DISTINGUISHED SERVICE MEDAL = 1
+BRONZE STAR = 3
+THE ARIZONA MEMORIAL IS FOR THOSE WHO WERE KILLED DURING
+THE SURPRISE JAPANESE ATTACK ON PEARL HARBOR, DECEMBER 7,1941.
+Happy New Year - and welcome to your new project!
+The.
+The Project PARTYWhat, another party to distract the team? We just had a series of those in December - what are you talking about? We need to get everyone focused and minds back on the job!
+Yes, this is true. Although we do need a fair dose of social interaction to reconnect relationships after the break, I am not talking about having another "party". What we need to to start off your project successfully is contained in the acronym P.A.R.T.Y.
+Prepare
+Assemble the Team
+Review Requirements
+Team Development
+Youthful spirit
+Let's have a look at each of these key points:
+PREPARE
+As the Project Manager, the most important thing you can do at the beginning of every project is to get your head on straight and figure out what needs to be done. You may have already had a chance to read the Project Charter, High Level Requirements, Contract and other related documents. Or perhaps this is the first day you have them dumped on your desk (or email inbox).
+(We will assume that the project has been approved to start already and has a Project Charter or similar authority document in place - so most of the Initiation phase is complete).
+Even if you read over every document twice before the break, chances are that all those parties and the time away let a lot of those details slip out of your head. So whether you have read the project documents before the break or you have them now for the very first time, it is important for you to read them over a few more times to let it all sink in.
+It is also time to look over your trusty toolkit of Project Management tools and metrics, to decide what is going to be needed and work best for this new project. Just as every project is unique, the specific tools and templates you use on this project may be different than your last one. Perhaps they will be the same set of tools with little or no tweaks or changes, but it is important to think about what you actually need, rather than starting the project on auto-pilot. You might need new tools/templates, or changes to the ones you used last time based on lessons learned.
+Next, you need to review the stakeholder list - who is your Project Sponsor? Who is on the Project Control Board / Steering Committee / Change Control Board? If you don't know some of them yet, it is time to get introduced and spend a little time with them to let them know who you are, and to discuss their understanding and expectations of the project and its goals. For those you already know, go and spend a bit of time with them, asking the same types of project questions, after the chatty bits about their holiday and how the kids liked their presents.
+Another consideration for you as the Project Manager is that in order to achieve project success, you will need to be the leader that your team needs you to be (which will change over time as the project progresses). I suggest you read Ten Attributes of an Effective Leader and the other leadership articles as you prepare for the next step.
+Head full and spinning with words, charts & leadership advice, and hand sore from all the stakeholder handshakes? I guess it is time for the next stage.
+ASSEMBLE THE TEAMDepending on your project, some of the team members may have been pre-selected, particularly if they are named in an RFP response, or they were involved in the Project Initiation process. Quite likely these pre-selected people will be more senior staff who will be Team Leads on your project.
+In selecting members for your team, you will need to leverage the influence of your project sponsor, and the expertise of your Team Leads. Unless you have been around the company for a long time, it is unlikely that you will know everyone and their skills and aptitudes. So use the Team Leads - review the high level project documents with them and listen to their recommendations on who should be on the project team, combined with the people that you already know would be ideal for particular roles.
+When you have the candidate list of people that you want for your project (and some alternates), it's time to try to secure those people for your project. This can in some ways be the toughest part of your project - particularly if the people you want are experts and in high demand from other groups and projects. They may only be available for a portion of your project, or on a part-time basis. This is where you can use the leverage of your Sponsor to try to secure the best resources for you, negotiating with the department managers in your matrix organization. If your project is important enough, with a high profile and strategic company direction, you will likely have more luck in obtaining the key staff you want, even if they are pulled from other projects. (Oh, no, poaching!) Well, technically that is poaching, but in the strategic interests of the company the sponsor may determine with the managers that it may be the right thing to do for the company to juggle resources around.
+If you are on the other end of the scale, you might find that your first, second and third choices are not available to you, and you are having to train up Bob from the Mail room. Don't knock Bob though - this may be the break he needs to show how skilled and dedicated he is - you never know.
+Just make sure to use your sponsor's (and your own) influence to try to get you the best resources you can - that is part of their job as the sponsor.
+When you have the team identified, it's time to schedule a meeting to get everyone together. But not just any meeting - you need to have the Project Kickoff.
+(For a detailed discussion of what should go into your project kickoff, read Project Planning 1.0 - The Importance of the Project Kickoff).
+REVIEW REQUIREMENTSDuring the Project Kickoff, you will do many things with the team in going over the landscape of the new project, who is there to do what, the overall objectives etc. You will also have some form of requirements (usually high level) that describes the project scope.
+Review these requirements with the team (send them a copy well before the meeting and ask them to read them in advance). These are of course not the final requirements - you will define more detailed requirements as you get further into the project. It is important to make sure that everyone is heading in the same direction though - and has a common understanding of what the project is about before they leave the kickoff meeting.
+(See Developing Exceptional Requirements for more details about creating detailed requirements from high level ones during the Project Planning and Execution phases).
+TEAM DEVELOPMENTNow that you have the team together and you have done the ice-breaker and introductions in the project kickoff, you need to grow them from a group of individuals into a team (hopefully a high-performing one, but one step at a time). You need to structure some activities (social and work-wise) to build on your initial efforts in developing the team. If you have a large team, this may be more successful in small groups -i.e. you working with the team leads and the sponsor, and you and each team lead working with their groups (and the sponsor if appropriate for the activity).
+The key thing here is to develop a sense of team success and camaraderie early on - carve out some initial deliverables that they can work on together over a short period, with a high probability of success (but not too easy, either). Make it an achievable challenge. Scheduling a group coffee (or tea) once a week is another great idea to help the team develop and get to know each other.
+Although they can be fun, climbing walls and crossing moats may not give you the best outcomes for team development - you need them to work together on project deliverables after all, and some may be intimidated by physical challenges and set a poor mood. If those out-of-office challenge activities work for you, great - but if they might work against your particular team, then you may want to reconsider using them.
+You may also find these articles helpful as you consider your team development strategies:
+Teams, People and Change: You Can't Push a String
+Leadership: On Developing Teams - Are you alone on the Ice?
+From the Playground to the Olympics: What NOT to do in Team Development
+YOUTHFUL SPIRITEnergy is a vital element as you start your projects. There will be many times through your project where you are worn down and wonder why you signed up to manage this %^@#$%^ project in the first place. Do whatever you can to keep your optimism and energy levels up - and remember that enthusiasm is contagious. Talk with your Mentor regularly - and especially when times get tough. They can help put your head back on straight and improve your mood.
+If you can start off the project with enthusiasm around your team, it will help set the overall mood of the project and project team. (Though I don't recommend dancing on tables). Prudent optimism and enthusiasm will help sustain your project performance.
+Conversely, negativity is even more contagious, so avoid it at all costs, or your project will sputter and fail - as your team becomes dispirited and start looking for the nearest exit.
+So smile, be authentic and optimistic - with an enthusiastic, youthful spirit.
+SummaryAs we all know, there is a lot more to be done as you deliver your project. We have not covered all aspects of managing your project in this article. However, getting your project started off on the right foot is a key factor for project success. If people start off in different directions and are confused about the scope and overall project objectives, you will be doing a lot of chasing and correcting expectations rather than delivering. It is better to get that sorted out from the beginning, and reinforce/remind the team as you go along.
+If you would like to read some more Project advice, I suggest you look through my other PM articles, or if you would like a more comprehensive reference, you can always buy my book (Gazza's Guide to Practical Project Management) in kindle or paperback format (make sure to use the current discount code!).
+Good luck with your projects, and I wish you all success for the coming year!
+Great post for the New Year Gazza,
+Day 3 of the conference.
+Quantum Information in Quantum Many-Body Physics
+Guifre Vidal, Criticality, impurities and real-space renormalization, joint work with Glen Evenbly.
+First an overview of the multi-scale entanglement renormalization ansatz (MERA). Basic notions: isometries, disentanglers, causal cone. Bounded causal cone width means that it is possible to efficiently evaluate the expectation value of local observables. One can also course grain a local operator by applying one level of the MERA. (For ternary MERA, a two-body term gets mapped to a two-body term.) We will focus on critical systems, and then put in impurities. To enforce scale and translation invariance, we characterize the MERA by just a single pair of tensors
+and
+repeated across the whole network. MERA seems to be a good ansatz to describe critical systems where such invariance is manifest. MERA also can exhibit polynomial decay of correlations. Define the scaling superoperator. The eigenvalues and eigenvectors of this superoperator are the scaling operators and (the exponential of) the scaling dimensions of the underlying CFT. How does one choose the optimal tensors given a local Hamiltonian? He dodges the question… doesn’t want to get into such details in this talk. Showed an example for the 1D critical Ising model with transverse field. Now let’s consider an impurity at the origin. Now we lose translation invariance, but we still have scale invariance (conformal defect). The bulk scaling operators in the absence of an impurity has zero expectation. However, in the presence of an impurity the one-point functions decay like a power of the distance to the impurity. We need to add new scaling operators and new scaling dimensions. Translation invariance is broken, we can’t possibly optimize over an extensive number of tensors (because we could never reach the thermodynamic limit). Well, desperate times call for desperate measures. Introduce something called “Principle of minimal influence” in RG flow. PMI says: Given a MERA for the initial (pure) problem, we can obtain a MERA for the problem with impurity by then varying the tensors in the causal cone for the region containing the impurity. We don’t expect the principle to work in all cases, such as in systems with spontaneous symmetry breaking where the impurity restores the symmetry. We are still exploring the limits of applicability of this principle. If you split the isometries into two “half isometries”, you get that the total number of tensors you need to optimize is still
+. Why is this ansatz plausible? For one thing, we can show that the scaling superoperator now exhibits power low decay with respect to the distance from the impurity. The optimization goes as follows. First optimize with respect to the bulk Hamiltonian (no impurity). Next, use the bulk tensors to map the original impurity problem to an effective impurity problem. This gives a new Hamiltonian problem with exponentially decaying interaction strengths. Finally, we can reduce the optimization via “folding in half” to that of an MPS for an open boundary problem. This same form appears in Wilson’s solution of the Kondo problem. However, the impurity MERA can be used beyond the setting of free fermions, unlike Wilson’s original approach. Showed example of transverse-field Ising model with
+impurity. This model allows an exact solution via CFT, and the numerics agree with the exact solution for various impurity strengths. We can extend this to more than one impurity by treating each impurity individually in their non-intersecting causal cones, and then once the causal cones intersect we do one more variation. We can also have an impurity that “cuts” the chain or a boundary between two half-chains coupled by the impurity, and even boundary conditions.
+André-Marie Tremblay, Success and limitations of dynamical mean-field theory, joint work with Sordi, Sénéchal, Haule, Okamoto, Kyong and Civelli.
+First recall how one “builds” a metal. We take a lattice and put orbitals on the sites. If the orbitals overlap, then it takes no energy to excite an electron. However, this doesn’t always work, e.g. in NiO. Recall the Hubbard model with on-site
+and hopping strength
+(and
+for nearest diagonal neighbors, etc.) When
+, we can Fourier transform and solve the model. When
+, everything is localized, and there are
+degenerate ground states at half filling corresponding to the different electron configurations with one electron per site. We can observe antiferromagnetism in the Hubbard model. We see a Mott transition in the region where
+and
+are of the same order, and at this point in the phase diagram neither the plane wave nor the localized wavefunctions gives a good description. One can write an effective model with Heisenberg coupling. We would like to measure Green’s functions for a single particle. Why do we care about Green’s functions? We can use them to compute the value of other observables and can measure it directly via photo emission. Fermi liquid theory: means that it is not too far from a free electron problem. We want to be able to solve in the presence of an impurity. Let’s review dynamical mean-field theory (DMFT). We begin working in infinite dimensions. Then the self-energy is a function only of the frequency. We want to compute the self-energy of the impurity problem. Then use that self-energy (which depends only on frequency) for the whole lattice. Now project the lattice onto a single site and adjust the bath so that the single site density of states obtained both ways are equal. There are some self-consistency equations. We can use a number of methods: cavity method, local nature of perturbation theory in infinite dimensions, expand around the atomic limit, effective medium theory, Potthoff self-energy functional. Use the universal self-energy functional method (see the talk by Sénéchal). Vary with respect to the parameters of the cluster (including Weiss fields). In this context, we can view DMFT as a stationary point in the variational space. What about the impurity solvers? The most trivial one is just exact diagonalization. Could also do Monte Carlo using an ergodic Markov chain. Showed a bunch of plots of these numerical methods for various models. The strengths of DMFT are: can obtain one-particle properties and phase diagrams; weaknesses include, order parameters are not coupled to observables that are quadratic in creation and annihilation operators, transport (four-point correlation functions), analytic continuation for QMC solvers. Future challenge is to find the optimum environment.
+Matthias Troyer, Galois conjugates of topological phases, arXiv:1106.3267.
+The question is: should we explore the computational power of non-unitary topological phases? Such phases appear through Galois conjugation of unitary topological phases. The arising models are non-Hermitian, but still have a purely real spectrum. Do they make sense? First, a review of topological phases and anyons (both Abelian and non-Abelian). Review of
+fusion rules. These states might appear in the Pfaffian state (Moore & Read) which has Ising anyons (level
+) or in the parafermion state (Read & Rezayi) which has Fibonacci anyons (level
+). How can we make more exotic states? We start with an anyonic liquid on a high-genus surface. Picture two sheets which are connected by fusing a bunch of perforations through both sheets. These create doubled (non-chiral) models. We can consider two types of quantities: flux through a hole and flux through a tube. We can build a family of basis states to describe the anyon wavefunctions by building a “skeleton” through each of the tubes. The basis states are labeled by string nets of particle labels on the skeleton lattice. Now we add the Hamiltonian for the model. We can either add flux through a tube or a hole, and each of these costs some different amount of energy. Each of these terms acts on either plaquettes or edges of the skeleton lattice. The plaquette term gives a ground state without flux through the plaquettes. This is like closing each of the holes: we get vacuum states of anyons on each of the two sheets. This is just the toric code or the Levin-Wen model. It’s a topological phase which is robust at zero-temperature to weak perturbations. This can be solved exactly, even for the excited states. Violations of the vertex constraint are chiral anyonic excitations living on the surface. Consider a finite density of anyons, and let’s pin the anyons into fixed positions. We would like to add a Heisenberg-like interaction Hamiltonian to this. We just introduce an energy difference between the various labels of the particle types. Review of the fusion basis for anyons, specialized to the Fibonacci case. Review of the F-moves (
+symbols, Clebsch-Gordan), the pentagon and hexagon equations. So what does a Heisenberg chain for anyons look like?
+where
+is the F-move that exchanges two nearest-neighbors in a chain and
+is a projector onto a maximally entangled state. Ran numerical simulations to compute the gap… but it was gapless! The gap decreased like 1/L, so we guess it is a critical model. We can compute the central charge using the connection with entanglement entropy. It turns out that the model is exactly solvable by using the Temperley-Lieb algebra. They studied these interacting chains for various values of the level
+. There are lots of equivalences known to CFTs depending on the central charge and the sign of the coupling (antiferromagnatic or ferromagnatic). Plot of the energy spectrum, with very good agreement between exact solution and numerics. When there are finite density interactions, there are gapless edge modes and a nucleated liquid. This foreshadows the situation in 2D. You get a nucleated liquid with a finite bulk gap and edge states. A novel quantum Hall liquid is nucleated inside the parent liquid. Now we move to the Galois conjugation. Review of Galois theory. Different roots of a polynomial are Galois conjugates of each other. The algebraic properties are the same, but the geometric properties are different. As an example, consider again the Fibonacci case. The elements of the F tensor element
+can be expressed in terms of the golden ratio
+, or in terms of
+. However, this second one (Yang-Lee theory) is non-unitary. But if you look at the spectrum of the antiferromagnetic Yang-Lee model, you get a completely real spectrum! The central charge is negative (-3/5). The vacuum state is not the lowest energy state in this model. Similar conclusions for the ferromagnetic case. How does the entanglement entropy scale? It can’t still obey
+since the central charge is negative, right? Let’s look at the doubled Yang-Lee model. We can redefine the inner product to get a self-adjoint Hamiltonian. (Bender et al., PT-symmetric quantum mechanics). We can solve this doubled YL model exactly, just like with the Levin-Wen models before. Now the code property that defines topological order has a “left-right” eigenvector version, since these are now distinct notions. There are several ideas one might have to turn it into a Hermitian model: Square the plaquette terms, or use just the projector onto the left or right eigenspaces. But these approaches don’t work at giving a topological phase which is robust… they are sensitive to local perturbations. “Hermitianizing” destroys the left-right code property. Might there by some local transformation to a Hermitian model? If not for Fibonacci, then maybe for some other non-unitary TQFT? Norbert: can you use a tensor network description of the ground state to make a Hermitian parent Hamiltonian? Which ground state do you choose? The left or the right? Main result: Galois conjugates of TQFTs where the braid group acts densely in
+cannot be realized as ground states of quasilocal Hermitian Hamiltonians. Non-Abelian topological phases offer universal quantum computation; the minimal models of CFT are Heisenberg models of non-Abelian anyons; Galois conjugation of topological phases gives intriguing non-unitary theories and non-Hermitian models; but non-unitary phases will not appear in physical systems. Tobias: can’t we add a single extra spin which couples to all the spins and make the model Hermitian?
+Renato Renner, Aisenstadt Lecture, An information-theoretic view of thermalization.
+Consider a very trivial system of a classical binary random variable
+(for classical) which takes the values 0 or 1 with equal probability. Now let’s introduce an observer
+who has some knowledge about the
+. Suppose that
+with probability
+and
+with probability
+. Now when we condition the probability of
+on the state of
+we get a new distribution. A Bayesian would just call this an update. Suppose now that a new observer
+has quantum information about the system. So now the conditional state of
+is a quantum state. If we try to condition the state of
+on the quantum information
+, this becomes more interesting. For example, in quantum cryptography there is no reason to assume that the adversary is classical so it makes sense to consider this. Now let’s move on to thermodynamics. Consider a Szilard engine, i.e. a box with one particle in it and a piston that can compress to the middle of the box. If we let the “gas” expand adiabatically or compress it, which gives or takes work, then we find that the work satisfies
+to transition between the two states. From information theory, we know that a two-state system stores information. To erase information costs
+units of energy. Landauer showed that in fact this is optimal (Landauer’s principle), and this is independent of the physical representation of the bit. The argument is, if you could erase with a lower energy cost, then you could use the Szilard engine to extract work for free from heat (which violates the second law). If we have conditional knowledge about the state of the Szilard engine, then we can extract a different amount of work, namely
+where
+is the binary entropy and
+describes our (potentially quantum) knowledge about the state of the system. (Technical note: this is the von Neumann entropy in the asymptotic setting and the max entropy in the single-shot setting.) Consider a computer with some registers
+and
+. I would like to erase them. If I erase them in sequence, then the total work required to do this would just sum the individual works using the previous formula. If instead, we did some joint operation we would only pay
+, which is in general less than the sum of the individual entropies. That is, in general we have
+, so it makes sense to take advantage of the joint information. We could use instead a formula in terms of conditional entropies by just changing the formula in the obvious way. It turns out that this formula is the correct formula,
+, where
+is the system and
+represents the observer. If we take advantage of this conditional information, then we can serially achieve the same work as the optimal joint protocol. This is a manifestation of the so-called chain rule for entropy:
+. Now let’s discuss thermalization. There is some large system (including an environment). If the total system is in a pure quantum state, how can it thermalize? What does that mean? We can look only at the subsystem, and there is a reduced density operator. Recall Alioscia’s talk for an example of some conditions for when the subsystem thermalizes. However, if two separate subsystems are separately thermal, that does not imply that the joint system is thermal. If instead we condition on the other subsystem instead, we could indeed reach this conclusion. As before, we cannot simply condition on quantum information, but the conditional entropies are well-defined. We can introduce the decoupling lemma, which guarantees that the joint state is nearly separable. It is a sufficient condition, phrased in terms of entropies conditioned on the observer, for decoupling. Namely, decoupling holds if we typically have
+where the total system has
+degrees of freedom and the system has
+. This is tight. If we apply this condition to thermalization. If the subsystem is sufficiently small, then the system will thermalize.
+Tobias Osborne, The continuum limit of a quantum circuit: variational classes for quantum fields, arXiv:1102.5524 and arXiv:1005.1268, joint work with Cirac, Eisert, Haegeman, Verschelde, Verstraete.
+Review of quantum fields. The most several ways one might “solve” a QFT: perturbation theory, Monte Carlo, and the variational methods. There were problems using the variational method in QFT, namely sensitivity to UV and poor reproduction of correlations. Review of MPS. Recall that MPS can be build from a staircase circuit. Review of area law result due to Hastings. As Tobias himself has proved, log-time evolution can be simulated efficiently, too. Also, a review of MERA. We can view it as a quantum circuit which takes ancillas and prepares a state. How can we pass to the continuum for these variational classes? We can use the quantum circuit preparation prescriptions of MPS and MERA and change the time step size for each gate to an infinitesimal quantity. That’s the main idea. Some nice features of cMPS: it is possible to analytically compute all the correlation functions. There is a built-in UV cutoff. There is generic clustering of correlations. Can build cMERA by alternating scaling transformations and local interactions for infinitesimal time steps, and take the limit. There is one main difference between MERA and cMERA: flexibility in the UV cutoff. The cMERA allow a smooth cutoff, but regular MERA only offer a lattice cutoff. These classes also obey entropy/area laws, rigorously in the case of cMPS, and there is a heuristic argument for cMERA. Gave an example for a simple bosonic system where the expressions are analytic for cMERA.
+Please let me say, thank you for these *terrific* minutes, Steve. Not many people on this planet could write cogent summaries on-the-fly, as you are doing. Today’s summary of the Evenbly/Goodall work—just one of many excellent summaries—-was particularly interesting to me. By any chance, did Vidal’s talk include any mention of transport properties in the context of MPS/PEPS/MERA formalisms (that is, nonequilibrium dynamical properties), which would seem a natural application of these techniques? In particular, does the Evenbly/Goodall “principle of minimal influence” amount to Onsager’s (well-validated) “principle of least dissipation” transposed to the MPS/PEPS/MERA domain?
+Steve, please keep these summaries coming … they are all highly interesting … and thank you for your hard work in writing them.
+Like or Dislike:
+0
+0
+Apologies — in the above text, my caffeine-deprived dawn-mind twice typed “Goodall” for “Guifre Vidal” (and I’d like to say again that Steve wrote a great summary of this very interesting work). Also, here’s a Quantum Pontiff user hint: replies that leave the “website” field blank appear immediately, whereas replies that fill-in that field sometimes enter a queue whose delay-time has (effectively) a Lévy flight distribution with an exceedingly long tail.
+Like or Dislike:
+0
+0
+Thanks for liveblogging from the conference. I’m not doing research in many-body physics, but it’s always nice to see somebody spending their time on exposition of someone else’s work.
+Like or Dislike:
+1
+0
+!
+Concatulations! Boxes are the best, aren’t they? :-) Me-Ommmmmmm
+Swami Zoe recently posted…Christmas Thanks!
+ConCatulations on your award! Boxes rock!!
+The Florida Furkids
+The Florida Furkids recently posted…The Day After….
+That Boxing Award is pretty cool. Happy Boxing Day!
+The Island Cats recently posted…Thankful Thursday – Secret Paws
+Congratulations on all of your fantastic awards! I love the new award you created!!
+Fur Everywhere recently posted…Merry Christmas!
+Happy Boxing Day, pals! That’s a neat award you created, too. :)
+And congrats on getting all those other awards. *clapping paws*
+Hugs!
+meowmeowmans recently posted…Celebrate Me Home
+What an awesome award! And thanks so much for passing it along to me!
+Sparkle recently posted…The Christmas Report, and a Little Boxing
+Oh-wow-oh-wow-oh-WOW! Thanks so much! I LOVE your new award. Thank you so much for presentin’ me with such a beauty. LOVE IT!
+Also must say…. LOOK AT ALL THOSE BOXES! You have a pretty amazin’ collection of ’em. Excellent collection of boxes, for sure. Aren’t boxes just great?
+Purrs,
+Nissy
+Nerissa’s Life recently posted…home in time for Christmas
+Concatulations to your awards ! Purrs
+Loupi and Zorro recently posted…Meilleurs voeux
+Congratulations on all your Awards, Texas. You all deserve them :) Thank you so much for nominating us for the brand new Boxing Award and the Followers Award. This makes our day :) Extra Pawkisses are on your way :)
+angelswhisper2011 recently posted…Merry Christmas (Furry)Friends
+Congrats Texas on your award and happy Boxing Day!xx Speedy
+speedyrabbit recently posted…Boxing Day!
+Concatulations on your award. We sure think Boxing Day should be dedicated to cats.
+Have a fabulous Friday.
+Best wishes Molly
+Molly The Wally recently posted…Dog House Blog, One Day After Christmas!
+Concatulations on the awards… and the box collection, too!
+Sometimes, Cats Herd You recently posted…Bagging It
+Texas my friend it looks like you and Kitshka were having a ton of fun on boxing day……I love boxing day but I think EVERY DAY should be boxing day! As for your new award – I love it and thank you for nominating me to be one of the first to receive it…..I’m SOOOOO honored and I’ll pass it on to others who are “appreciators of the box” !!!! I hope you, Kitshka and Milou will be coming by on my birthday to say hello. I love you all……….
+Hugs, Sammy
+Sammy recently posted…Woweeeee
+Congratulations on your award, but mostly congratulations on all those Boxing Day boxes…such cat fun!
+emma recently posted…Sniffin’ Around 2013 | GBGV | Follow Up Friday
+Boxing Day is one of our favorites!
+Laila and Minchie recently posted…Flashback Friday
+Congrats on the nice awards, y’all are rockin’ it!
+Brian Frum recently posted…T.G.I.F. Toy Girl
+Concats on all your awards, and thanks for giving me the Friends and Followers award. I have to get mum to try and catch up and post my awards by the end of the year.
+Flynn recently posted…Eric’s Day Flashback
+Simply PAWSOME award and concats to the first recipients…hope I am next!! paw hugs, Savvy
+Savannah’s Paw Tracks recently posted…Friday Frolics…
+Ha! – I get it – Boxing Day is different for cats than humans – CUTE:)
+cravesadventure recently posted…Welcoming the Day
+Félicitations pour ton award Texas.
+Nous on se demande ce que c’est que la signification humaine de “Boxing day”. En France ça n’existe pas.
+Pour les chats … là on a compris. Moi je ne suis pas attirée par les boites. Nat à Chat elle dit que c’est dommage .. elle préférerait vraiment que je rentre dans des boites plutôt que dans les trous que je trouve dehors. On se demande bien pourquoi.
+Avec Kitshka vous avez l’air d’aimer les boites !
+Ton nouvel award il est très beau. Merci beaucoup de me le décerner. Je veux bien l’accepter, avec un grand plaisir mêle, mais forcement il n’y a pas de photo de moi dans une boite …
+Plein de ronrons.
+Hisia
+Hisia – Nat à Chat recently posted…Chronique désordonnée du temps de Noël
+a great play day!!!
+We hope you had a great Boxing Day. It’s so cool that they have a day dedicated to kitty’s playing in boxes. MOL. Concatulations on your awards. Love, Cali, Andy, Tater and Shelly (C.A.T.S)
+We hope you are enjoying all of the Holidays. Concats on all of your lovely awards and that was sweet of you to design a new one!
+Angel Abby recently posted…Do You Like My Coat
+Hope y’all had the best Christmas! Happy New Year!!
+Sorry I am late. Congratulations!
+I won the Friends & Followers award too:-)
+Merry ( be late), X-mas!
+Ragdoll Mommy recently posted…A walk around the place
+test comment
+Glogirly & Katie recently posted…My Shimmer’s Bigger Than Your Shimmer
+comment test
+Glogirly and Katie recently posted…My Shimmer’s Bigger Than Your Shimmer
+Congrats on the cool award!!!
+…that first photo of you peering out the window is SO cool! Love it!
+We hope you had a purrfect holiday!
+Merry Belated Christmas & Happy New Year!
+love,
+Glogirly, Katie & Waffles
+Glogirly and Katie recently posted…My Shimmer’s Bigger Than Your Shimmer
+We are sorry to be a little late with our Chrissymouse wishes–we hope you had a warm and cozy and happy Christmas! You look like you had plenty of Boxing Day fun!
+Spitty the Kitty recently posted…Lajoja Suomi*
+Hope you had a lovely christmas time xxx
+Misaki recently posted…Bashful’s Christmas Present
+Are they waiting for Santa in that first pic?
+Traveling Cats recently posted…Cats from Tazacorte {Tenerife}
+Congratulations on your award! And that’s a wonderful new award you came up with. :)
+Whisppy recently posted…Tutu Thursday
+Thanks a lot for the award Texas, I an very pleased. I just have to wait for my human to prepare a post about it, probably next week. Purrs!
+Eirwena recently posted…Cadeau à deux balles en mousse
+Bonjour les copains !
+Félicitation pour les nomminations et les awards !
+SVP, pourriez vous demander à vos maîtres de mettre un traducteur intégré à votre blog, parce qu’on n’arrive plus à faire traduire vos pages avec google … et notre Chatdesîles “rame”avec votre langue …
+Merci
+Câlinous et ronrons de nous deux
+Congrats on the award. Boxes are truly the best, any shape or size! Happy New Year!
+Coccolino recently posted…My life before mini pig
+We love boxes, too!
+Hope you have a wonderful New Year filled with all the things you like best.
+Signed,
+the kitty brats
+HAPPY NEW YEAR! May 2014 be our best year, ever.
+And just to start the year off right, why not stop by for a visit to my blog today. There’s a special little somethin’ waitin’ for you over there.
+Purrs,
+Nissy
+Nerissa’s Life recently posted…HAPPY NEW YEAR!
+Happy 2014 – may this be a year of personal growth, strength, following dreams and living each day to its fullest. Purrs from All of Us at Zee and Zoey’s.
+Deb Barnes – Zee and Zoey recently posted…Moving Into the New Year and Taking Lessons From Our Cats Along the Way
+Yow Texas n Kitshka n Miou n yer Hu’Manz we hopez ya had a furabuluss Catmess n a rockin New Yeer’z…lub da Boxin Day award n da awardz ya got cause ya are one pawsum kitteh!!!
+We hopez to spend lotz of time iwf ya here diz yeer ;)
+Lub Nylablue n Mum S-E.
+Sherri-Ellen T-D. recently posted…Rappin up diz Catmess seeson!!
+Whoa! Boxes! Conats on all the awards. Our mom has been really bad about them too. Here’s to A very Happy New Year! Purrs!
+Oui Oui recently posted…Happy New Year!
+I just wan´t to tell you it´s all my mom-persons fault that I have totally missed that you have given me a award !
+Thank you sooo much !
+I will post about it tomorrow :)
+XOXO
+Kjelle Bus aka Charlie Rascal recently posted…Thankful Thursday
+Pingback: A mind-blowing beginning year ! | Swiss Cat Blog
+Pingback: Awarding time | angelswhisper2011
+I need help. I can’t paste the award to my page. It doesn’t move…if you know what I mean :) Pawkiss :)
+angelswhisper2011 recently posted…Awarding time
+Pingback: Un début d’année décoiffant ! | Swiss Cat Blog
+Contents
+- Faculty and Staff Achievements
+- Meet Jeremy Ducos
+- President Guiliano Welcomes NYIT-Nanjing Students
+- Vote Best College, President, Sports
+- NYIT Hosts First Faculty/Provost Conference
+- Schedule Your TIAA-CREF Appointment
+- Submit Artwork for I Photography Exhibition
+- Screen Ending Alzheimer's
+- Maureen Cardoza's role at the United Nations NGO forum on mental health and the scope of non-communicable diseases; Leonard Goldstein's article "Clinical Approach to the Evaluation of the Headache"; Oren Shtayermman's presentation at an international congress on addictive behaviors and other mental disorders; and more in this week's full list of NYIT faculty and staff achievements.
+Meet Jeremy Ducos
+Building civic engagement is central to the job of Assistant Director of Student Activities and Leadership Development Jeremy Ducos. He is currently planning the second Alternative Spring Break Project to Peru, and is looking for faculty and staff members interested in trip leader positions. (Note: To get an application, email abravo@nyit.edu.) Read more about Jeremy Ducos.
+President Guiliano Welcomes NYIT-Nanjing Students
+President Guiliano welcomed more than 300 new students to the Class of 2015 at NYIT-Nanjing on Oct. 12, sharing with them the news that 98 percent of the China campus' first graduating class accepted outstanding job offers or educational opportunities after graduating in June 2011. Read his speech.
+While in Asia, he will also discuss the value of the American higher education system with students at National Taichung University of Education in Taiwan.
+Vote for Best College, President, Sports
+The Long Island Press has nominated NYIT in its "best of Long Island" categories for college/university, college president, and college sports program. Vote (as many times as you like!) for NYIT to win a spot in the newspaper's "Best of Long Island" 2012 issue. Vote for NYIT.
+NYIT Hosts First Faculty/Provost Conference
+NYIT Provost and Vice President for Academic Affairs Rahmat Shoureshi, Ph.D., shared ideas and celebrated faculty scholarship and achievement at the first Faculty/Provost Conference on Oct. 11. He encouraged faculty to "imagine, design, and create" to differentiate the university on a global scale. In an interactive talk at the NYIT Auditorium on Broadway, Shoureshi encouraged faculty to work together on developing and expanding interdisciplinary centers in health, sustainability, and other areas.
+The next Provost/Faculty Conference for all full-time faculty will be held on Thursday, Oct. 13 during free hour in Riland Auditorium, Old Westbury campus. R.S.V.P. to skellehe@nyit.edu if you have not done so already.
+Schedule Your Appointment with TIAA-CREF
+A TIAA-CREF representative will be visiting NYIT's Old Westbury and Manhattan campuses to provide personal investment and retirement counseling for program participants. To schedule an appointment, contact Kendis Riley, TIAA-CREF representative, at 516.454.4006. Appointments may be scheduled from 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. at the following locations:
+Wisser Library, room LL15, Old Westbury campus
+Thursday, Oct. 20
+Wednesday, Nov. 16
+Wednesday, Dec. 7
+16 W. 61st St., 11th floor, Manhattan campus
+Wednesday, Nov. 9 (room 1119)
+Tuesday, Nov. 22 (room 1118)
+Submit Artwork for I Photography Exhibition
+Faculty, staff, and students are invited to submit their artwork for consideration in the "I Photography: Images From the Edge" exhibition, Dec. 6, 2011 to Jan. 6, 2012 at NYIT Gallery 61, Manhattan campus. The exhibition will feature images taken from iPhones, Androids, and other advanced phones. Pictured at left is an image taken by Robert Sherwin, associate professor of communication arts. All submissions must be printed, matted in a 4-ply mat, and framed. Participants may also email digital submissions to be considered for display on the gallery's website. For more information, contact Jennifer Mitchell, curator of NYIT Gallery 61, at 212.261.1562 or jmitchel@nyit.edu.
+Screen East Coast Debut of Ending Alzheimer's
+NYIT's Center for Gerontology and Geriatrics is co-hosting a special screening of "Ending Alzheimer's," a video presentation of experts on aging and Alzheimer's disease. It was filmed before an audience of 2,000 people at the American Society on Aging's annual conference in San Francisco. The event, which includes a reception and post-screening discussion, is on Tuesday, Oct. 25 from 5:30 to 8 p.m. at the NYIT Auditorium on Broadway, Manhattan campus. Registration is requested for this free event, which is also open to the public. Register for the event.
+Upcoming Events
+Free Basketball Tickets Cheer on NYIT men's basketball on the road at a preseason game at Villanova on Tuesday, Nov. 8 at 7 p.m. Complimentary tickets are available on a first-come, first-serve basis. The bus will leave at 1:30 p.m. from NYIT-Old Westbury and return the same night. For more information, contact Sabrina Polidoro, assistant director of sports information, at 516.686.7504 or spolidor@nyit.edu.
+Free Flick Watch the sci-fi thriller, Gattaca, today at 5:30 p.m. at the NYIT de Seversky Mansion, room 102 (The Soundstage). Refreshments will be served.
+GEOMETRIC STRANDS: Silk, Glass, Paper Come to the opening lecture and reception for this art exhibition on Thursday, Oct. 13, 5-7 p.m. at NYIT Gallery 61, 16 W. 61st St., Manhattan campus. The exhibition is on display until Thursday, Oct. 27.
+NYIT Fed Challenge Watch this student competition on the economic, interest rate, and financial market outlook on Friday, Oct. 14, 12:30-2 p.m. at the NYIT de Seversky Mansion, Garden Room. Lunch will be served.
+Alcohol Awareness Week The Counseling and Wellness Center at NYIT-Old Westbury is hosting free events for National Collegiate Alcohol Awareness Week, Oct. 17-21:
+So You Think You Are a Social Drinker? A discussion on this topic will be presented by counselor Joan O'Connor on Tuesday, Oct. 18, 12:30 p.m., Anna Rubin Hall, room 308. Refreshments will be served.
+Alcohol Screenings and Information Table Become informed on Wednesday, Oct. 19, 11 a.m.-1 p.m., Harry Schure Hall, lobby.
+Stories of Substance A professional peer theater group will perform to tell stories of substance abuse, domestic violence, self-esteem, and depression on Thursday, Oct. 20, 12:30 p.m., Harry Schure Hall, room 130. Lunch will be served.
+Propagation Seems Good Here Tonight Terry Nauheim, associate professor of fine arts, performs her latest art project on Tuesday, Oct. 18 at 7 p.m. at the Issue Project Room in Brooklyn, N.Y. Read more.
+Cast Iron Chef Competition NYIT Dining Services presents the first staff and faculty culinary cook-off on Thursday, Oct. 20, 4 to 7 p.m., at the NYIT de Seversky Mansion, Old Westbury campus. The cost is $15 for faculty and staff members to watch the competition and enjoy food and beverages. Competing will be teams Sizz & Fizz (office of enrollment, communications, and marketing), Team Royalty (office of campus life/HEOP), and Little-Endians (English department). R.S.V.P. to Ytala Ruiz at 516.686.1421.
+Energy Auditing Demonstration Representatives from National Grid, the Building Performance Contractors Association, and Efficiency First will give an energy auditing demonstration on Thursday, Oct. 20, 4:30-5:30 p.m. at the Simonson Annex, Old Westbury campus. For more information, email Robert N. Amundsen, Ph.D., director of energy management, at ramundse@nyit.edu.
+Celebrity Wranglers: Getting the Guest The Center for Communication presents its free panel with television bookers from popular TV talk shows such as The View on Thursday, Oct. 20, 5 p.m. at the NYIT Auditorium on Broadway (AOB), Manhattan campus. Register today.
+>>IMAGE.
+New York City Greek Film Festival Screen the Greek film Attenberg on Monday, Oct. 24, 6-11 p.m. at the AOB. Purchase tickets.
+Architecture and Design Lecture Peter Eisenman, principal of Eisenman Architects in New York City, will give a special presentation on Tuesday, Oct. 25 at 6:30 p.m. at the NYIT de Seversky Mansion, Old Westbury campus. Read more.
+Faculty and Staff Achievements
+Frank Acevedo (facevedo@nyit.edu), assistant professor, academic coordinator, and associate director of the department of physician assistant studies, had his abstract accepted for the February 2012 Society of Critical Care Medicine on Ventilator Associated Pneumonia and Compliance with Head of Bed Elevation.
+Maureen Cardoza, Ph.D, R.N. (mcardoza@nyit.edu), assistant professor of nursing, is the United Nations Advisory Council on Global Nursing representative for the Sigma Theta Tau Honor Society of Nursing. She attended the United Nations NGO forum on mental health and the scope of non-communicable diseases, Sept. 19-20 in New York City.
+Deborah Cohn (dcohn02@nyit.edu), associate professor of marketing and director of professional enrichment, was quoted on the Russian Service of Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty during a discussion about Apple founder Steve Jobs.
+Elizabeth J. Donaldson (edonalds@nyit.edu), associate professor of English, published the essay "Revisiting the Corpus of the Madwoman: Further Notes Toward a Feminist Disability Studies Theory of Mental Illness," in the collection Feminist Disability Studies published by Indiana University Press. Read more.
+Leonard B. Goldstein, D.D.S., Ph.D. (lbgoldst@nyit.edu), director of clerkship education, and Richmond Lo (D.O. '11), an emergency medicine resident at Long Island Jewish Medical Center, published the article, “Clinical Approach to the Evaluation of the Headache,” in the September 2011 issue of Practical Pain Management.
+Kevin LaGrandeur, Ph.D. (klagrand@nyit.edu), associate professor of English and director of technical writing programs, gave the presentation "How Advisable Are Advisory Boards for Academic Programs?" on Oct. 7 at the Conference for Programs in Technical and Scientific Communication at James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.
+Jacquelyn Nealon, Ed.D. (jnealon@nyit.edu), vice president for enrollment, communications, and marketing, shared her expertise on college admissions as a panelist for the Newsday webinar, College PrepTalk on Oct. 6.
+Alex Ott (aott@nyit.edu), associate dean of academic support and enrollment services, wrote the president’s message in the fall 2011 edition of NYSTAA News, a publication of the New York State Transfer and Articulation Association. Read more.
+Oren Shtayermman, Ph.D. (oshtayer@nyit.edu), director of the mental health counseling program, gave the presentation, "Six-Month Follow-Up on Risk Factors for Suicidal Ideation Among College Students: A Longitudinal Examination," at the "II International Congress On Dual Disorders: Addictive Behaviors and Other Mental Disorders," Oct. 5-8 in Barcelona, Spain.
+Lessons learned being an “Indie” Designer
+Over a year ago Chris (my cofounder) and I embarked upon the murky waters of the startup universe. I "toed the line" between running Wiseacre Digital and building a product with ChoreMonster for several months, until things turned a corner (i.e., ChoreMonster got venture funding). I packed my bags and waved goodbye to nearly a decade of being a freelancer — or as I prefer to call it — indie designer. Recently an old graphic I created on Dribbble has been turned into a tshirt, and I thought "Maybe I could share some of the things I learned working for myself?", where I succeeded and where I failed. This is by no means comprehensive of all the things you need to know when starting your own graphic design business, but I believe covers a great deal of things you need to be prepared for before and while you do.
+Don't Be Desperate
+My introduction into the independent world of design (I loath the term freelance, but I don’t have time to get into that right now) was not voluntary. Panic was my suit, my state of being (as was faith, but mostly panic). I was unprepared and acted out of desperation. I wasn't a salesman. I wasn't a marketer. I wasn't known. I had no connections (and this was 2001, there was no social media, other than message boards). How could I make money for my family (afterall I had two young children to support and a wife who was a fulltime mom). I felt worthless. I asked (begged) everyone I knew if they or anyone needed help with design — anything in design: logos, print, web. That desperation made me devalue my worth. I traded my pride for pennies in a cup because I believed it was all I could do to survive. While I had a lot of small projects and a few contract opportunities, the amount of time and money I made effectively canceled the other out. My estimated hourly rate shrunk as I spent more time on projects (because I was not only doing the design, but the programming and development, the administrative work and the client management). It became a cycle, a boulder down a mountain I couldn't stop. It took me five years to learn how to stop it. To find my pride and worth.
+Find Advocates
+I stopped the avalanche with trust. My distrust of people and their intentions (or abilities) led me to do things I wasn't fit to do. I was overmatched and stressed, and in that stress made many poor decisions. I met a few people who restored my trust in humanity (or more to the point, lifted my fear), and through them I started to value my work and allowed them to become my advocate. Finding others with which to collaborate is one of the most important things you can do as an indie designer. You simply cannot succeed (or grow your business, because that's what it is, a business, it's not just design — design is only about 40% of what you do) without others. Know your weaknesses and find people to make it a strength.
+Be In A Community
+The only way to find advocates is to become involved in a community (outside your home — while it's true that kids are naturally creative, I don't think your clients appreciate farty-poopy humor in their communications; usually). I mistakenly thought that "getting out there" was frivolous. I worked and worked. Every moment of the day I was on the clock — if I wasn't making money I was wasting it. I was alone, at home all the time. I was an island and stranded. This not only stifled my work, it stifled my growth. While being billable is very important, so is being sane. Find a place to go where there are people. I know this sounds obvious, or easy, but it's not. Go with no agenda. Go with only the idea of finding like-minded friends. Commiserate. Drink. This will always yield a magical outcome. Call it serendipity. Call it providence. There is no science to finding your advocates — your eventual partners — but it doesn't happen without intentionality.
+Set Strong Boundaries
+Working at home makes sense (if you're an indie designer). Your overhead is low. You don't have rent. You don't have to spend on gas or parking or food or clothing (I literally did work in my pajamas). I consciously worked from home because I wanted to be around my kids. I was able to take timeouts — eat lunch with them, put them down for a nap, play pretend in the backyard. I wanted to actively be in their lives. Given the chance, I would choose to do this each time, even today. It was the right decision (for me). I loved my kids, and I wanted to be a decidedly purposeful father (and more available than my own father). I believed (and still believe) that fatherhood was more important than being a famous designer. But that decision also involved a lot of sacrifice (in more ways than I actually knew). There was no big money (not as much as someone who worked at an agency/studio). There was no advancement. There was no recognition (this was in the young days of the internet, when social media didn't exist — the "known" designers where those that spoke at AIGA events, that published articles in PRINT, Eye, Emigre, HOW Design, ID, et al). There was no time.
+Working at home with kids is horrible. For the first few years I worked in a very small area — the width of a window — in our bedroom (the only other option was a desk/hutch area in our dining room in our very small house inhabited with non-school aged children always about). When we moved to our current house we made sure that it had a separate, quiet office for me. One would think that this is enough to shield you from the distractions of your own, lovely, angelic, perfect children — but one would be wrong. Since you're at home it is nearly impossible for one not to spill into the other. There will come a point, hypothetically, where your wife will have her hands full with one child deciding to use applesauce to paint the dog while the other child has forgotten how to use the potty and pooped on the wood floor, hypothetically, and it will be impossible for you not to help out (since you are there, after all), hypothetically. A few moments a week will turn into several moments a day and the "Daddy's working leave him alone" will turn into "Daddy's here, let's tell him about how we just farted".
+You have to set solid, unflinching and sometimes cruel boundaries. Why? Because being pulled from work to home becomes a divide that takes time to cross. That time adds up, and that time becomes lost hours and lost money. When my office door was closed, no matter how much knocking, screaming, begging my kids did — I would not answer. I was at work (just as if I were not in the same house). When I left my office, whether to get a snack or go to the bathroom, I was still working. That doesn't mean I ignored my kids, but I couldn't engage them (which really means I was ignoring them, but I don't want to sound like a horrible person).
+But these hard boundaries didn't just apply to my family, it also applied to clients. I told my clients that they could contact me at any time during the day, but any phone calls between 9am and 4pm would be sent to voicemail, wherein after 4pm I would call them back, otherwise they could send me an email. Random interruptions disrupt productivity. Controlling how those disruptions flow allows you to maintain your productivity.
+Don't Be An Asshole
+This sounds like simple and obvious advice, and it is. What it means is that you're working at the mercy of those that entrust their business communications in your hands. You both are risking something for the other. Your time is their time. Your creativity is their creativity. While you're an expert, that doesn't give you license to be an asshole. One can be frank and honest without being condescending and unprofessional. Don't lie and say that you're a "company" when it's just you. Believe me, being a "freelancer" will be a problem for many clients — the perception that you cannot manage their needs on your own might be legitimate, but unless you carry yourself professionally, establish consistent communication, clear boundaries and managing expectations, you will not conquer those perceptions. I was guilty of this starting out, I was so afraid of not gaining work, I worked under the guise of a studio. I misled. I lied. It got me work in the short term, but my efforts to keep the client happy led to putting in more time than my estimates and effectively lowering my hourly rate. Building a collaborative team is essential. While you might work alone, having a team of others skilled positions will eliminate (some) client doubt and land your larger clients with larger budgets. Lying to a potential client by saying you're a "company" will never go well, because you're starting a relationship on a lie.
+Love It Or Leave It
+If you're an indie designer, you must be one with the same mentality as someone who is running an agency (or any business for that matter). You're not merely a designer. If you hate accounting, if you hate client management, if you hate looking for and paying for health insurance, if you hate the inconsistency and the "feast and famine" cycle, if you hate programming and development, if you hate sales, and you have no one else to manage those things you hate, then find another job. Don't play with other people's money and trust because you're afraid. Love what you do or leave. Love doesn't mean bliss, but it does mean commitment and truth to the business you willingly entered.
+For a long time I hated waking up. I was stressed and worried every moment of the day. I had no idea how I was going to survive from one month to the next. I created enormous amounts of debt because of it. I operated like a man with a gun to his head. I came to the point where I wanted to jump off a cliff, but instead I turned around and faced the stampede. I owned my problems. I owned my decisions. I found pride and self-respect. I found advocates. I ruthlessly pursued healthy boundaries. I stopped being an asshole. I became a businessman. All in all, don't make my mistakes. Find yourself and go.
+Pete Carroll Orange Bowl Press Conferences Quotes
+Dec. 30, 2004
+December 30, 2004
+FEDEX ORANGE BOWL 2005 NATIONAL CHAMPIONSHIP
+A Press Conference With: COACH Pete Carroll
+COACH Pete Carroll:
+Good morning. We have arrived on the scene here and we're really fired up about being part of the Orange Bowl, the buildup, the preparation. This whole process is really exciting for us, and this is something we -- as a coach and as a player you hope you have an opportunity to take part in, and now that we're here, we're underway with the processes rolling, and I'm sure the game is going to come in a flash, but right now we're trying to get settled and our football week in order. The day kind of kicks us into the full preparation process, big Tuesday practice for us, and we're excited about this and ready to get going.
+I think the obvious perspective you see in this game is that this is such a great match-up of two teams that have had really successful seasons and have like strengths. We both play defense well and both have big time Heisman quarterbacks and flashy running backs and very exciting teams, so I think it makes a great match-up. We all want to see what's going to happen, myself included, and we look forward to it with great anticipation, and hopefully our preparation will be worthy of the event and make it a great game and it will be up to the billing that we're all enjoying right now during this week.
+Q.
+What's your philosophy practicing for a game like this? Do you scrimmage a lot? Do you have a lot of physical practice? How do you go about such a big game with so many other games under your belt?
+COACH Pete Carroll:
+This is a week that we're finally into game week that we would treat exactly like we would treat a regular season game. As we go back, last week was the game plan week to get it all done before we got on the road and got into an unfamiliar setting here, and we wanted to make sure that all the heavy teaching and learning was done prior to arriving here at the site.
+Prior to that, the two weeks before that, we really just worked on our own football, competing against ourselves, just to keep our game sharp and hopefully not take a step backwards during the long break. We took a look at the whole -- almost a month of preparation as a competition that we're up against, Oklahoma, as they compete to put their best team and preparation forward, but as we get closer to the game, and now it is finally into the full week prior to the game, we do things exactly the same as we always do. We don't alter our plan at all in terms of who we're playing. It's really about preparing ourselves, so we're clear about that.
+Even with the different days and different formula that comes out when you're on the road like this, we can get that same feeling that we have to get each day that has meaning to us as we build up for it.
+Q.
+LenDale White looked a little tender yesterday at practice. If he can't go for you, what does that do for your offense?
+COACH Pete Carroll:
+You'll get to see a lot more of Reggie Bush basically. I don't know that that's a bad thing for us. He's such a great football player that we'll have an opportunity to run him more and he'll just get a more steady diet of the football. You'll see Desmond Reed play, David Kirtman will play in that spot as well if LenDale is not ready to go.
+Q.
+You mentioned this briefly in your opening statement, but there's such star power in this game, especially the skill positions. There's defensive ends that are all-Americans, linebackers that are all-Americans. Just wondering if you could expound on that, go through those positions, where they are --
+COACH Pete Carroll:
+I think you can just about go anyplace on the charts and find guys that have done special things, and it takes I think that kind of production, I know defensively on both teams there's guys that make plays -- the linebackers are tremendously active, the defensive backs are producers and they're making big hits and making plays on the ball.
+You can go across the board. That's how we've both played. Our numbers are so comparable in points allowed and yardage and all of those areas on both sides that it takes the same kind of makeup. I think each time has a little bit different setting with maybe experience. They're obviously way more experienced on the offensive line than we are. We have a very young group. We might have a little more experience in a couple areas, but we're a very young team and they might out-experience us in most spots.
+To look at like our linebacking crew and compare Lofa Tatupu and Lance Mitchell and our Cody and their Cody, it's pretty fun. You can write articles and find subjects that are really fun to compare all the way throughout. I think we're just so darn similar in our makeup of trying to play really good defense and really fast defenses, we go after the same kinds of players to fill out squads. There's just a ton of similarities.
+Q.
+Being No. 1 going into the season, staying there the whole year, was the team able to enjoy what they did, or was there a sense of relief after every game that they won that they were still in that position.
+COACH Pete Carroll:
+Yeah, I worked real hard to try and not lay that burden on them, and it was a challenge all year to deal with the normal kind of wrath of questioning and issues about being the No. 1 spot and all that. I think we maintained a pretty level head about it throughout as a football team. We really tried to enjoy the wins and have a great time in the locker room and in the buildup and enjoy the accomplishments and they came by. Didn't look at it as a big sigh of relief after every game, until the last game. The last game was a little bit different in that you're trying to cap it off and finish it.
+Other than that, it was real important to me to keep it on a game-to-game basis and not look at the whole season, not look at the No. 1 ranking and all that. We didn't talk about that at all during the season. It wasn't that much different in the last couple years. Going through the rigors of the schedule and the match-ups and all of that didn't take on much of a different flavor except for the questions that are always pointed at what's it like and how are you handling it and stuff like that. As far as we were concerned, it really wasn't that difficult in that regard. I thought it would be more of a burden, and it wasn't. We tried to enjoy it for the fact that we had that opportunity as much as anything.
+Q.
+Matt Leinart has had attention all year, but now he's the Heisman Trophy winner. Do you feel he'll be able to handle all that additional attention and why do you feel confident about him?
+COACH Pete Carroll:
+Matt really has been in the spotlight all year. If you look back to the buildup of the first game against Virginia Tech, he went in built as a Heisman Trophy hopeful and all that kind of stuff. He's had that to live with for the entire year and has done it very well. I think his experience as a backup to Carson Palmer and watching Carson deal with the whole thing, even to all of the stuff about being on Sports Illustrated and going into the bowl game as the Heisman winner, all of the issues that are -- you guys are able to write about in regards to guys in the past, and to see Carson be successful and had a handle it well has all been part of an experience that has helped him, a very unique opportunity, now looking back that he got to watch one of his best friends and helped support him and take him through, as well.
+I think Matt is as well versed as you can be, and the media following when you play at SC, it's enormous, and you have a tremendous amount of opportunity to get comfortable with the media and the involvement that brings. Matt has handled it beautifully. He's a level-headed kid, very poised young man, and it hasn't been a problem for him. It has been one that he had to deal with.
+We had to find ways for him to get comfortable as he went through the week. We had to keep it in order and make a structure because he could have been overburdened by it. We found a way to deal with it and he's done well, and I think he's just -- in a normal fashion there will be a little bit of nervousness. He knows he's representing something really to be proud of, carrying the Heisman in there, but I think Matt will do very well with it and I'm confident that he'll be able to handle it fine.
+Q.
+When you look across the line of scrimmage and see such a mirror image, does that make it easier to prepare because of all the familiarity or does it make it tougher to find a crack in the armor?
+COACH Pete Carroll:
+I think it makes it more difficult. This team is so well-versed in all areas. The familiarity helps in some regard, but you've still got to play against these guys and they've got great players that can make great things happen. The difficulty is being successful on the game field at the end. It's been -- it's always fun to go against coaches that have had great success and people that you know and that you've respected. To me that's always the most fun, going against guys that you're familiar with and to compete against them.
+The buildup has been really a challenge. Hopefully we've challenged them, as well, but I think in the end, the fact that they're so fast and they're so athletic and they're so good, that kind of overrides the fun of the quest to try and figure out how to beat them. We'll see how it all turns out.
+Q.
+Early in your career you were involved in one of the most memorable Orange Bowls when Arkansas upset Oklahoma in 78. Could you talk a little bit about what you remember about that experience?
+COACH Pete Carroll:
+Yeah, I do remember a lot about that because it was the first time that I had in my coaching career that I had been in a big match-up, big bowl game opportunity. That was really a store I had year for me going to Arkansas and leaving California with Coach Holtz and Monte Kiffin and all those guys on that great staff, and we had an incredible year that led us to the great match-up in this game.
+But even more than that, we had a big incident that Lou had to deal with and had to suspend three players prior to coming down here. Oklahoma had an extraordinary team that year with just all-time legendary Oklahoma football players, and it was just like a David-and-Goliath type of match, little Arkansas going against Oklahoma was kind of what it felt like going in.
+What really was fascinating about the game was how dominant we were able to be that night, and it was really about an extraordinary preparation. Monte Kiffin had left the numbers on the board when we left the locker room in Fayetteville, and he just about called the score and the yards and the whole thing, and it was incredible he could do it. It was within seven or eight yards, the points that they would score and all that. It was just an orchestration of a great event.
+It was really memorable, the first time coming out here and the way we were treated. It was kind of a magical experience for a young kid. I mean, I was just GA'ing on the staff. I had nothing to do other than carrying Monte's papers around and his notebooks and stuff like that, and it was really something special. It was a big national game because it was a shocker upset and all.
+Q.
+I wonder if you could reflect back on your year away from football, the year before you took over at USC and how you feel like being away from football might have helped you become a better coach after you came back.
+COACH Pete Carroll:
+That really was an important year for me. I took a look at what retirement is and found out that I didn't like it. It was ten months down from football that was fun. I enjoyed the time, but I realized I'm not ready to do that, and I found the opportunity to get kind of refueled and I really did have some profound opportunity to get my football in order. I had enough time for the first time in all the years I've been coaching to really sit back and reorganize my thoughts and beliefs and get ready for the next opportunity.
+I was really clear that if I had another chance to be head coach it was going to be my last chance, and I knew I had to get my act in order and give it my best shot, so it was a very meaningful time for me. I had a particularly important opportunity when -- to get ready for the jobs that were coming up and getting organized for interviews and all of that. I went through a process of reorganizing my thoughts and belief systems that it made a difference. It's made a big difference in the way I do things now. Without that opportunity, I don't think I would have been as in order as I am now about what I'm doing. So it was a very important time. As I look back, it was a really special time.
+When you coach and you're on that treadmill that you're just flying all the time, you don't get the opportunity to reflect and to reorganize and to put your mind on the overall picture of how you want to do this job and kind of run your life, and it was just a very meaningful time for me. I had a lot of fun with it. I realized I don't want to do it. I don't want to be retired, but the other side I think I came out with a very clear thought and wound up with an extraordinary opportunity at SC to kind of revisit how to be head coach. It was very fun for me.
+Q.
+A couple weeks ago some kid from Oklahoma said some things about Leinart or something. Do you use that stuff? Do you discount it? Do you talk to your players about not engaging in that sort of thing?
+COACH Pete Carroll:
+Well, over the course of the years there's been times when stuff like that comes out, so it's not a big deal and we don't make a big deal about it. It's competitive. I can't tell you that some guys it doesn't juice them up a little bit. We don't do that. You don't see our team making many comments like that, but comments and thoughts can be turned, as the media can do, and sometimes they're not reflective of what you say or what you really meant, so we take them really with a grain of salt.
+But in the classic fashion, we don't have a bulletin board where we post stuff but that's the kind of stuff that would go on a bulletin board when it comes around. Does it have a big impact? No, I don't think so at all.
+Q.
+Who are some of the coaches that you've either played for or worked under that have kind of influenced your style and how you've patterned yourself after?
+COACH Pete Carroll:
+Going all the way back to the start I had a high school Coach Bob Traubman that I worked for years in his camps and he kind of got me started. Eight years in a row going to football camp kind of got me started from the time I was 13 years old. I go way back to there.
+As I came through my years, everybody had some influence in one way or another. One of the great guys that influenced me that I don't talk about is a guy name Bobby Cope that passed away a few years ago that mentored me through my college coaching years.
+I really had a really great fortune that first stopped with Lou Holtz at Arkansas, really got things jumpstarted for me, how to approach college football on a big scale with fantastic coaches on that staff. Monte Kiffin has been on that staff and has been a great friend of mine for years and has influenced me tremendously through all I've done coaching defense and remains that kind of a friend.
+I've really had a really favorite time when I was with Bud Grant at Minnesota, although it was really only one year coaching with Bud, but it was consulting, and he kind of took me under his wing and had a tremendous influence on it, about competing and how to go about it. He was a great person and I had a great opportunity to hang out with him, so he kind of kicked me in the butt and gave me some direction.
+Then I think the years at San Francisco when George Seifert was the head coach and we had great teams and Bill Walsh returned as a consultant the last year I was there, to be involved in that program and have those guys to use as resources to uncover how they had done it and had that great run for all of those years and had affected so much coaching around the NFL and college football from guys who had been through there and part of that lineage, that was really a significant time for me about reorganizing thoughts and approaching and all that.
+I think those guys really had it going obviously, so that was a big time for me, to just grow as a coach and understand how to get organized and be in a position of leadership and have a real plan in mind. They were fantastic with that. Those are some of the highlights.
+Q.
+When you arrived at SC, what was the first thing you found out you needed to get done?
+COACH Pete Carroll:
+I needed to get to that first press conference because they were after me. That was my first challenge. Really as a coach there, the first thing was to instill a real regard and respect for team and the power of team, just in real classic fashion, how to put something ahead of yourself and put the individual in a following position to what team was all about and playing together and the power that you can generate by guy who decides to be committed to that kind of an approach. That was really the main emphasis and impetus of getting this thing started.
+Q.
+I know the game is several days away, but I'm curious about the thoughts about a couple of the keys, a couple things that will be important come game day.
+COACH Pete Carroll:
+You're really trying to help those Oklahoma guys, aren't you (laughter)? For us it's always about -- the general key for us is to stay focused on doing the things that we always do to get ready for a game and not get distracted by the match-up and the hype and the buildup of this game. That's the challenge that we take into every week, so that's the first thing. As far as the football is concerned, it'll always be about taking care of the ball. In a game like this somebody is going to knock the ball out and it's going to be on the ground and we've got to do our part to ensure that we're not the ones that give up those opportunities and that we can maximize getting that ball.
+That's been by far the key focus of our football, our actual football, taking care of the football, again, and it's the No. 1 emphasis of our program and it will be again in this game. That's something that we've always strived to be really good at. I think we'll probably be the factor in this game, as well.
+That and I think in a game like this, it's going to be a game -- players are going to make things happen in a special way. Their quarterback can do great things, running back can do great things, defense can do great things, and we're going to have to withstand those moments and stay focused and hang in the game so we have a chance to win in the 4th quarter and not be overwhelmed by whatever can happen early. That's just the mindset that we need to take into a game like this and every game that we play.
+If we're strong about that and continue to play well through the end, we'll give ourselves a chance to win.
+Q.
+So often in a national title game, even if both offenses are high-powered it becomes low-scoring. Do you see that happening?
+COACH Pete Carroll:
+That's the way I always see it happening. I try to hold that focus throughout until it isn't true. It quite likely could be. You've got high-powered offenses but you've got defenses that have worked for a month to get this thing in check. Both defenses are able to do that.
+I've always felt that no matter how high-powered an offense is, the defense really in these kinds of settings can maybe be the biggest factor, so we're going to try and keep that game down to a roar if we can offensively and give ourselves a chance to be close enough in the 4th quarter to have a chance to win it. I wouldn't be at all surprised if the game was pretty tight.
+On the other side, there's not an offensive coach on either side of this game that doesn't think we're not going to score points and put up big numbers. It's on the parts of the defensive guys to keep that from happening.
+Q.
+I was hoping you could talk about Norm Chow a little bit and how important he's been these last few years, and what are your theories on why he's never gotten that head coaching spot and do you think you're getting close to losing him now to one of those spots?
+COACH Pete Carroll:
+Norm has had an extraordinary career in college. He's got so many great highlights and record-setting teams and individuals, and he's been nothing but about winning the whole time he's been coaching college football.
+I think the focus on Norm's impact always goes to the quarterbacks and the great ones he's had and the great passers he's developed and he's done it exactly in that fashion at SC. I think the guy is as clear-cut a legacy as you could ever want. He's a quarterback-maker.
+Norm has been offered head coaching jobs since we've been at SC. Each year he's had an opportunity to be involved and for one reason or another it hasn't worked out right from his perspective or the other school's perspective, and he'll be a head coach when he wants to be. I think he's got plenty of clout and impact to do that.
+I don't think he's a guy that -- he's not just chomping at the bit to be head coach. He's doing what he likes. He's running an offense. He's very comfortable with that, and he's not a guy that lives for that head coaching opportunity. He'll take it when the time is right and it fits.
+I've understood that since the first phone call I had with Norm that that would be the situation he'd be in, and I don't have any problem with the fact that people come around knocking on the door or calling him or whatever. He deserves that, and his work shows that he's worthy of that. That's part of what goes along with being successful, that we're going to have people come after our coaches, and I expect that to happen and just have to be well prepared to handle it and adjust and make the decisions to keep us moving forward and maintain our continuity. I don't worry about that.
+Q.
+You mentioned in your year off, you talk about your reorganizing your thoughts. What changed in your philosophy? And also, the enthusiasm that the players say they really like about you in practice, did you find that didn't jive in the NFL?
+COACH Pete Carroll:
+That's two totally different questions there. Really I'll give you the story again. I've told the story a few times. There was a moment when I was reading one of John Wooden's books when something hit me about belief systems and the power of knowing exactly what you want to get done, and Coach Wooden had been so successful for years but it took him until the 17th year to win his first National Championship. Once he won that one, he won 10 of the next 11 years, once he figured out exactly the way it needed to be.
+This is my perspective, I haven't asked Coach Wooden to explain this, but once he figured it out, he nailed it. It just was a moment when I just realized, I won't have 17 years to get this thing figured out. I'll be kicked out and coaching back at Redwood High School or something, but I needed to get it nailed.
+Really to me it's about the phrase of belief systems, really knowing what you feel about stuff so that you can carry your philosophy through the times when you're challenged and you need to adjust and all that. I just tried to figure that out as best I could and become really clear with what I thought was important, and I had enough time in that off season to get it worked out, and I've tweaked since then.
+I didn't have it nailed at that point, but I did have the significance of knowing what you believe in and what is important to you is really the essence of figuring out how you can best do your job. It's meant all the difference to me. I'm much more settled from the point of how I'm going to do things and handle situations and coach and lead and mentor and all those things.
+The other question was about style in the NFL. You know, I'm not coaching any different at all. I'm just better at what I'm doing and I'm more clear about my message that I'm trying to convey, and I think I'm better versed and better at doing it so the guys who have to hear it and have to learn, I facilitate that process. I think when I was a head coach in the NFL, I'm doing the same approach, same philosophy and the same enthusiasm or whatever you want to call it or energy, and I can't change that. That's who I am. I'm not tailoring anything that I am to the level that I'm coaching at.
+But I'm better at it. The signal and the messages are more clear.
+I think like in all positions where you lead and you have a chance to be in charge of something, the best way to do it is the way you know how to best. You can't do it like somebody else. You can't try to imitate somebody or you're going to fail and they're going to break you down and find that you've got holes in your approach. You have to do it authentically to who you are. If you don't, you're going to screw it up.
+I think you can be effective wherever you go and I think I could take my approach down to anything I was going to do and it's going to have a chance to be successful because I'm going to do it the best way I know how and do it well. Until you figure out what that is and what you're doing, it's a mess. It's hard being a head coach. This is a very difficult job if you don't know what you think. I've been through that. I found that out.
+Q.
+Could you talk a little bit about your corner backs and particularly in terms of match-up against some taller receivers that Oklahoma is going to present?
+COACH Pete Carroll:
+Our guys are what they are. They've faced guys throughout the schedule, Justin Wyatt is having a terrific year, playing left corner for us, and Eric Wright has elevated himself to start in his red shirt freshman year, and he's about a six footer. Justin is about 5'10', so those guys are -- they have what they have. What we will do is mix our coverages and make sure that we don't get locked into any one style of playing that allows your opponent to take advantage of it, as we always do, and not give them a real sure target at any one time.
+It doesn't matter how tall your guys are or how big they are, I think you have to do that anyway.
+They're very skilled and they're very deep at receiving. They're really adept at making plays at the ball, and we're going to have to be very aggressive at the point where the ball comes in and those guys will catch the football and make plays. It's been a highlight of the team that we don't hear much talk about, but Clayton has been phenomenal at just making things happen. When it looks like a guy wouldn't make a play or it may be in question, and all through the cranks their guys can do things, catching and running, getting the football and doing things on rhythm with normal route-running.
+We're extremely challenged in this match-up because they're so good.
+Q.
+I wonder if you could talk about the running style, maybe the ball carrying style of Reggie Bush, compare and contrast with Adrian Peterson?
+COACH Pete Carroll
+: Both guys really have a style. Adrian has a real classic style, got great speed. He has terrific strength and size for a guy that's that fast and he just slashes and it's very hard to bring him down. He's not easily knocked off his feet, runs through tackles, has real long legs and steps out of tackles extremely well and then has the great burst to finish.
+One of the things that's cool about him is he is so consistent in his effort as he runs, from the time he started the season all the way through the end of the season. What you saw at the beginning, you saw at the end. He is a naturally gifted football player with a great intensity for such a young kid. He's going to be an all-timer, however many years he plays. He'll have great numbers and he'll play in the NFL forever. It's in the cards for him.
+Reggie has a different style and he has such extraordinary speed and explosion. Reggie has a remarkable ability to change direction at top speed. His lateral movement is just phenomenal. His vision to make big plays out of nothing, he can see things before it's happening almost and create opportunities to run also makes him a guy who is kind of the big little guy at times. Sometimes he'll lose yards in his attempts to make his big plays, so these two guys are really different style.
+Adrian is much more down field, Reggie is a really flashy broken field type of guy. Both are extremely exciting guys to watch, and really fun guys to -- Reggie in particular is a fun guy to have on your team.
+Q.
+Did Dave Wannstedt talk to you about making the transition from coaching pros to --
+COACH Pete Carroll:
+We did talk quite a while back after he left the Dolphins and had a nice visit. He was curious about it and kind of wondering what to expect and that kind of stuff. Really kind of innocent fashion, what was it like and all that kind of stuff, kind of cute questions about recruiting or handling the kids and that kind of thing.
+At the time he was just kind of feeling his way, probably getting his direction set on what he was going to do and all, but I was flattered that he called and it was kind of fun to talk about it.
+Q.
+Back on Coach Chow for a second, can you explain y'all's working relationship? Do you turn the reins over to him and get out of his way or how exactly --
+Pete Carroll:
+That's really not how it's been. We have worked together throughout the time we've been there. As a matter of fact, early on we didn't as much because we were both trying to get stuff going, but once we got organized we spent a tremendous amount of time together. I felt like early on knowing that Norm's stature and other coaches that were coming onto our staff, other guys would be leaving, and I didn't want to be in a program that was beholden to an individual, if he left we'd lose something.
+I really dove into the offense between years one and two and really had one of the most fun opportunities to kind of get my stuff in order offensively so it would be USC's offense and not anyone's offense. The goal of our program is to see how long we can maintain a high level of play, and to be beholden to a guy's system would not allow that to happen.
+I dug into it and we created an approach and a philosophy that would be SC's offense, so Norm has been incredibly easy to work with and compliant in dealing with me and my craziness and the way I do stuff and coming out and making it hard on him at times because I'm doing the defensive thing and working to make sure we're getting what we had set out to do done on offense. I couldn't have asked for a guy to do a better job of helping me be a part of the philosophy and the theory behind what we're doing.
+It really has been something I'm very proud of in our years because we really did restructure what we did offensively in the time I've been there. I like our offense, the flexibility and the multiplicity of it and our ability to adapt to our individual players' strengths. Something Norm and I both believe in in coaching that you should do in general and we have the opportunity with different style parts to Carson Palmer and Matt Leinart and Mike Williams and Stevie Smith all the way back to Sonny Byrd and LenDale White and Reggie Bush and Justin Wyatt, we've been able to have enough flexibility to adapt what we're doing to the strengths that they brought, and I think it's accelerated our ability to find the potential of our kids and how they can help our football team win. It's been a real important approach to us and it's worked out quite well.
+You can just see the difference, how we use LenDale and how we use Reggie and how we use our tight ends. We really try to style things to their strengths. It allows them to perform at a high level sooner, and we've seen a lot of young kids play in our program because of that.
+Anyway, it's been one of my favorite aspects of being at SC is being able to factor into what we're doing offensively and putting it together in an order that I can believe in and will be able to sustain what we do -- have to deal with losing coaches and all.
+Q.
+What difference, if any, does it make to have had guys who have played in a national title game before, and along those lines, does it make a difference just having familiarity with this particular game in South Florida?
+COACH Pete Carroll:
+I think all of that helps us as much as it can. I mean, I think -- I tried to make a big deal about playing in the Virginia Tech game, because it was going to be a huge crowd and a bowl game setting, and in my mind it was going to be very similar to the game we could possibly be playing at the end of the year, this one we're in. Fortunately it's turned out that way. As a coach you try to use those teachable moments to try to strengthen your resolve and give you reason to be confident, and I think all of that is what makes the season really a benefit to being in this position that we're in because we've tried to stage each opportunity in a manner that we could learn from it and grow from it and become more confident.
+Well, the same thing goes from being here now. We've been here before. As I mentioned, we played in the game at the Rose Bowl last year that had tremendous impact and we survived that and worked our way through the season with our new team and had our ups and downs to make it through our season with great opportunities to learn.
+Now we come here in a setting where we are familiar with playing in the Orange Bowl. We are familiar with where we're practicing, staying, and all of those things I think add to our comfort and going through the process to minimize the distractions and maximize the opportunity to make the most of it.
+All of those things have helped. They help if you use them. If you don't go back and reflect on how these things could strengthen your approach and confidence, I think you miss it, but we've tried to -- I've tried to make sure and maximize all of the things that have given us the opportunity to be where we are and to be strong about this chance that we have and to perform well in these conditions and situations.
+Q.
+Grootegoed and his size has thrived at linebacker for you, and I want you to talk about why that was. And also, when you got there, you moved him from safety to linebacker. Is that kind of a good example of your defensive philosophy?
+COACH Pete Carroll:
+Well, I hope it's a good example of just our philosophy in general, trying to find spots where guys can do their best and don't get stuck on pigeon-holing guys. Really what happened with Matt, and he played safety through the first spring, and when spring was over, I made highlight films of all the players, what they had done, that showed their abilities and talents, good and bad. It was more of an evaluation film than a highlight film. Matt's film was about four plays long.
+I called him in and said, 'Matt, you're supposed to be this great talented high school player, best player in Southern California. I can't find it, where is it?' He didn't know. I was asking for some answers that I couldn't find, and he was out of position. He wasn't in the right spot. He's an extraordinarily instinctive guy that needs to be close to the football.
+When you play safety in our system, sometimes you're close but sometimes you're not. You're deep middle and all that, and it took Matt too far away from the football. If anybody from the NFL said should Matt be a safety, absolutely not; in my experience, he's a linebacker. He's a very gifted, savvy, instinctive, tough, play-making kid that needs to be as close to the football as possible. That's really what it was. It fits his nature and his mentality, and he has obviously excelled in the switch.
+The fact that he's 220 pounds, he doesn't hit like that. He doesn't play like that. He's got extraordinary strength and explosiveness, and he plays beyond that. It's really a special aspect of what he's all about as a football player. Anyway, that's what that story is all about.
+Q.
+You mentioned Mike Williams a little bit ago, and I was just wondering, do you expect him to be on the sideline Tuesday, and what effect has there been just having him around to whatever extent he has been around practices and games, and how proud are you of the way he's handled this fall as opposed to say the guy at Ohio State?
+COACH Pete Carroll:
+Well, first off, Mike was an incredible -- incredibly productive player for us in the two years. I don't think there's anybody that's ever had more numbers in his first two years as a received in the history of college football. For us to have played without him this season, I think we never have imagined that we could play without Mike because he had been such a factor in building the program and getting our winning ways going.
+Fortunately we were able to do that and handle that. Mike has not been part of the program other than early on when we were still awaiting the verdict from the NCAA. He really kind of backed out and I think in really classy fashion. He didn't want to try to take any of the limelight, which he would have done had he been around, so he gracefully bowed out and has stayed away and has stayed connected but he's done it from afar. I don't know if he's coming to the game. I haven't heard from him this game. I would think he might be around.
+I think Mike is a remarkable young man, and he has the ability and the vision to kind of figure out how things are going to fit together as he looks ahead and looks down the road. He made a big mistake in missing this football season, but he still has had a perspective in a way that he does handle things well. He's dealt with this in a classy fashion and he has let the young guys on our football team have their space and hasn't tried to take any attention away from them at all, and I think in that regard he's done a great job.
+Particularly when you think of a young guy who was one of the focal point guys in college football, and he could have been on the cover of magazines all year long and all of that. He had to deal without that all year long, and he's done it very well. I know he's working out hard getting ready for his opportunity in the NFL and he's going to try to maximize this time to try to make it as far as he can and to compete to do that, so I think Mike has handled it as well as he could.
+I'm sick about the fact that he missed playing this year. I think he only could have bettered himself by doing that, and the decisions that were made didn't allow for that to happen, so I'll always feel bad about that because I failed at making it clear to him that this would happen the way it did, and we kind of knew that.
+On the other side of it, he's going to make the best of it and have a chance to play in the league and he'll do well with it and somebody is going to get a heck of a football player.
+Q.
+Given the uncertainty with Mike going into the season, the injury to Smith, did you foresee Dwayne Jarrett having the impact that he had over the course of the season? Did you think it was going to be down the road?
+COACH Pete Carroll:
+Well, in recruiting, this is exactly what we had hoped would happen. We had seen it happen before with Mike when he was a freshman, and these are very similar athletes, very talented, big kids that could have a similar kind of impact on the game. This is what we would hope would have happened for Dwayne. Whether it did or not, we just had to wait and see. As soon as we got him on the practice field you could see he was he was a gifted receiver. He's got extraordinary hands, great catching range, confidence in his ability. He'll make tons of great plays through his career and be highly productive.
+In one regard, we didn't get the ball to him as much as we had dreamed we do in the situation without Mike because Mike caught 70 balls or something his first year, and I think Dwayne has had 50. He's had a tremendous touchdown impact, big play impact, has been a big player for us all year.
+As we enter into -- we go through our recruiting philosophy, we look for this to happen. We expect this to happen with the guys that we recruit. We talk that way to our guys because we've validated that it will and it will continue to happen. You don't know which guys it's going to be, which guys can handle the situation in the quick transition they have to make from high school to college, but Dwayne has done a remarkable job for us.
+If you had said to me going into the season, okay, you're going to play without Keary Colbert, without Mike Williams and Steve Smith is going to miss seven games and you'll be able to win all your games, I never would have expected that. I was expecting Steve would have to catch 90 balls and be without Mike and the loss of Keary Colbert. How our guys found a way to contribute and did what they we needed to do and we were able to rally without those guys and find a way to put it together, so it's been an interesting year to see how this has unfolded.
+Q.
+If Mike had been able to play, given Dwayne's reported homesickness, do you think that he would have been here? Do you think he would have still been in the program?
+COACH Pete Carroll:
+I think it would have been easier for Dwayne if Mike has been there. Mike would have -- I know he would have taken him under his wing and would have been a kid from Florida, East Coast guy, as well, I think it would have made it easier for him. I think there's a lot of Dwayne early on that we couldn't avoid. He was deserving of the opportunity, worthy of playing in that spot. There was a lot of pressure on him.
+Imagine as a kid, he's homesick, trying to struggle to maintain stature in the program and we're playing against Virginia Tech 91,000 fans opening game and he's got to catch the first ball. It's all you could put on a kid. It was more than you could expect a guy to handle. But he did it, survived it, made it through and has had a wonderful season. I know that he's grateful that he hung in there and figured it out, and the support and the direction that the guys gave him. Mike included, in helping him figure out that this was the right thing for him to do will always be rewarding to him.
+Q.
+To some degree last year you were where Auburn is now. Do you feel for them at all?
+COACH Pete Carroll:
+I totally understand what it's like in that there's only two teams that can play in this game. You know, I really didn't have a problem with it. Everybody thinks I'm harboring these deep, serious feelings that we got a raw deal. That's just the way it is. There's two teams, and the system didn't work right in my opinion, and maybe in Tommy's perspective the system didn't work right for them. They deserve to feel that. I think that's just part of it. There's nothing you can do about it. There's only so many spots and you've got to fill them with the system that's at hand, and we need to continue to work the system to make it as close to flawless or flawless if we can do it and that's not going to happen so there's always going to be issues. You either live with it and make the most of your opportunity or you complain and you might make a mistake and misstep there along the way.
+I'm sure that they're fired up about their game and they're going to do everything they can. They weren't the only team that had a hard tournament with the results of the BCS and the whole thing. I understand it absolutely, but our way of doing it, we're going to maximize what we have the opportunity to deal with, and fortunately we were able to do that in the Rose Bowl last year.
+Q.
+I have two questions that really have nothing to do with each other. The first question is what you think should happen to the BCS in the wake of AP pulling out, and the second question is probably in the last three weeks a half a dozen coaches have cracked the $2 million salary mark. Just your thoughts on the escalating salary question.
+COACH Pete Carroll:
+I understand so little about the BCS process. What would the AP do after they pulled out? They're still going to have a poll. Why wouldn't they use it anyways? I have no suggestions for the BCS. I don't get it. You're coming to the wrong place. I don't know how to help them.
+Next, on the thing about escalating salaries for coaches, we see this throughout big-time sports, whether you're in the professional ranks or the college ranks. Sometimes it's hard to imagine that guys do something like this and coach and get paid as much as they get paid for doing something so much fun and that they love doing, but it's a beautiful thing, I guess.
+Is it out of whack or is it out of balance? Yeah, I think it is sometimes. I think it's crazy to imagine that guys that are playing this game at a professional level and can get paid as much as they do, but the system allows it so that it happens.
+It's the same thing for college coaches. With the incredible amounts of money that the NFL coaches are making that just happened like with Nick and the guys that get to move on, in relationship I guess these numbers are just trying to continue to compete, and you've got to pay what you've got to pay to get the guys that you want. It's certainly not a bad thing for the coaching world.
+Q.
+One of your assistants is a local guy here, Dennis Slutak. Could you talk about the job that he's done?
+COACH Pete Carroll:
+Slu has had a fantastic two years for us. He is a great worker, he's got a great future in coaching. Dennis has a real knack for organization, and when you work with and feature special teams, administration and organization, and the discipline of all that is incredibly important, and Dennis has done a great job for us. I will be real excited to watch him go through his career and continue on. He's got some real highlights coming up.
+Q.
+With these two evenly matched teams, there's a very good chance that it could come down to a kick at the very end and coachStoops has benched DiCarlo in favor of two freshman who have never kicked a field goal before, and Ryan's had his roughest year statistically of the three, do you have any concern if it was to come down to that and what do you tell him if you're down by two?
+COACH Pete Carroll:
+I'm always concerned about the guy kicking the ball. To Ryan's credit, if you look at the games that have the biggest build-up to them, he's kicked his best. He's come through for us and really had a terrific career. He's finished the season on a high note and really been on the mark, had a great year kicking off for us.
+So I expect that he's kicking the ball well in practice. He has throughout the build-up to arriving here in Miami. I think he's going to make all the kicks and do what we need to do to win the game, and the decisions will be dictated by all of the conditions and situations that exist at the moment.
+If we have to kick the winning field goal and we need an extra point to win the game, I'm going to count on him to make his kicks because he'll do it.
+Q.
+When you took the job at SC, was Norm Chow the first guy you wanted to talk to for the coordinator's job, and also, how much had you guys crossed paths or whatever before coming to SC?
+COACH Pete Carroll:
+I didn't know Norm at all other than his reputation from the BYU days, but there was a few guys that I put calls out to figure out how I was going to do that. I talked to three different guys at the time. But it was a real competition to get Norm.
+The thing that Norm had done that was so obviously he had gone to NC State and in one year's time was able to get Phillip Rivers to be a great football player in his freshman year. I thought that was a real indicator that it wasn't just the system and being in a comfortable setup at BYU. He was able to go to a new setting like I was going to ask him to do and be highly productive and win and generate great players for the quarterback spots, so it was a no-brainer for me, and he had proven and was obviously worthy and has come through.
+RELATED NEWS & VIDEOS
+Pete Carroll-Mike Stoops Press Conference QuotesDec 1 '09
+Pete Carroll Press Conference QuotesNov 24 '09
+Airing on:
+- Pac-12 Network
+- An Enzymatically Hydrolyzed Animal Protein-Based Biostimulant (Pepton) Increases Salicylic Acid and Promotes Growth of Tomato Roots Under Temperature and Nutrient Stress Front. Plant Sci. (IF 4.402) Pub Date : 2020-06-10 Andrea Casadesús; Marina Pérez-Llorca; Sergi Munné-Bosch; Javier Polo
+Biostimulants may be particularly interesting for application in agricultural and horticultural crops since they can exert a growth-promoting effect on roots. This may be important for promoting longitudinal and lateral root growth and therefore increasing belowground vegetative growth, which may in turn lead to improved aboveground vegetative growth and increased yields. Here, we examined the effects
+- Biological Control of Tomato Bacterial Wilt, Kimchi Cabbage Soft Rot, and Red Pepper Bacterial Leaf Spot Using Paenibacillus elgii JCK-5075 Front. Plant Sci. (IF 4.402) Pub Date : 2020-05-15 Khanh Duy Le; Jueun Kim; Nan Hee Yu; Bora Kim; Chul Won Lee; Jin-Cheol Kim
+The over and repeated use of chemical bactericides to control plant bacterial diseases has resulted in unwanted effects, such as environmental pollution, residual toxicity, and resistance buildup in bacterial pathogens. Many previous studies have aimed to develop biological control agents to replace chemical bactericides. In this study, the antibacterial efficacy of the fermentation broth of Paenibacillus
+- The Effects of Salicylic Acid and Its Derivatives on Increasing Pomegranate Fruit Quality and Bioactive Compounds at Harvest and During Storage Front. Plant Sci. (IF 4.402) Pub Date : 2020-04-29 María E. García-Pastor; Pedro J. Zapata; Salvador Castillo; Domingo Martínez-Romero; Fabián Guillén; Daniel Valero; María Serrano
+In the present research two experiments were performed to evaluate the effect of pre-harvest salicylic acid (SA), acetyl salicylic acid (ASA), and methyl salicylate (MeSa), applied as a foliar spray to pomegranate “Mollar de Elche,” on crop yield, fruit quality parameters, and bioactive compounds at harvest and during storage. In the 2017 experiment, trees were treated with SA, ASA, and MeSa at 1,
+- Silencing the Oryza sativa plasma membrane H+-ATPase isoform OsA2 affects grain yield and shoot growth and decreases nitrogen concentration J. Plant Physiol. (IF 3.013) Pub Date : 2020-06-20 Marcus Vinícius Loss Sperandio; Leandro Azevedo Santos; Orlando Carlos Huertas Tavares; Manlio Silvestre Fernandes; Marcelo de Freitas Lima; Sonia Regina de Souza
+The plasma membrane (PM) H+-ATPase (EC 3.6.1.3.) is a key component involved in nutrient uptake. There are 10 PM H+-ATPase isoforms in the rice genome (OsA1–OsA10), and OsA2 is highly responsive to nitrate (NO3−). We investigated the role that the OsA2 isoform plays in the total N and growth of rice (Oryza sativa). By the use of artificial microRNA, mutant osa2 rice lines presented ∼70 % downregulated
+- Comparison of high temperature resistance in two buckwheat species Fagopyrum esculentum and Fagopyrum tataricum J. Plant Physiol. (IF 3.013) Pub Date : 2020-07-01 Lauranne Aubert; Daniela Konrádová; Salima Kebbas; Selma Barris; Muriel Quinet
+In the context of ongoing climate change, expected temperature rise may significantly limit plant growth and productivity of crop species. In this study, we investigated the effects of a sub-optimal temperature on buckwheat, a pseudocereal known for its nutraceutical advantages. Two buckwheat species differing by their reproduction method, namely Fagopyrum esculentum and Fagopyrum tataricum were grown
+- Review: Crucial role of inorganic pyrophosphate in integrating carbon metabolism from sucrose breakdown to starch synthesis in rice endosperm Plant Sci. (IF 3.591) Pub Date : 2020-06-25 Sang-Kyu Lee; Jong-Seong Jeon
+The endosperm is a primary constituent of mature seeds in rice as well as in other cereal crops, serving as the major storage reserve of starch. Observations indicate that the central part of the endosperm is subject to hypoxic conditions, which require a switch of energy metabolism owing to limited mitochondrial respiration. Uniquely, this endosperm generates a large source of inorganic pyrophosphate
+- Melatonin promotes carotenoid biosynthesis in an ethylene-dependent manner in tomato fruits Plant Sci. (IF 3.591) Pub Date : 2020-06-25 Qianqian Sun; Lun Liu; Lei Zhang; Hongmei Lv; Qing He; Luqin Guo; Xichun Zhang; Hongju He; Shuxin Ren; Na Zhang; Bing Zhao; Yang-Dong Guo
+In tomato, red color is a key commercial trait and arises from the accumulation of carotenoids. Previous studies have revealed that melatonin promotes lycopene accumulation and ethylene production. However, it is unclear if melatonin similarly increases other carotenoids, and whether any increase of carotenoids in tomato fruit is directly related to ethylene production. In this study, changes in carotenoid
+- Review: Microtubules monitor calcium and reactive oxygen species signatures in signal transduction Plant Sci. (IF 3.591) Pub Date : 2020-07-01 Lixin Wang; Ehsan Sadeghnezhad; Pingyin Guan; Peijie Gong
+Signal transductions require calcium (Ca2+) or reactive oxygen species (ROS) signatures, which act as chemical and electrical signals in response to various biotic and abiotic stresses. Calcium as an ion or second messenger affects the membrane potential and microtubules (MTs) dynamicity, while MTs can modulate auto-propagating waves of calcium and ROS signatures in collaboration with ion channels
+- A novel R3 MYB transcriptional repressor, MaMYBx, finely regulates anthocyanin biosynthesis in grape hyacinth Plant Sci. (IF 3.591) Pub Date : 2020-07-01 Han Zhang; Jiaxin Gong; Kaili Chen; Wenkong Yao; Boxiao Zhang; Jiangyu Wang; Shuting Tian; Hongli Liu; Yanqing Wang; Yali Liu; Lingjuan Du
+R3-MYBs negatively regulate anthocyanin pigmentation in plants. However, how R3-MYB repressors finely modulate anthocyanin biosynthesis in cooperation with R2R3-MYB activators remains unclear in monocots. We previously identified two anthocyanin-related R2R3-MYB activators (MaMybA and MaAN2) in grape hyacinth (Muscari spp.). Here, we isolated a R3-MYB repressor, MaMYBx, and characterized its role in
+- Identification of novel and selective agonists for ABA receptor PYL3 Plant Physiol. Biochem. (IF 3.72) Pub Date : 2020-06-30 Rahul Singh; Vijay kumar bhardwaj; Jatin Sharma; Rituraj Purohit
+- UPLC-MS/MS-based molecular networking and NMR structural determination for the untargeted phytochemical characterization of the fruit of Crescentia cujete (Bignoniaceae) Phytochemistry (IF 3.044) Pub Date : 2020-06-30 Andrés Rivera-Mondragón; Emmy Tuenter; Orlando Ortiz; Maria E. Sakavitsi; Theodora Nikou; Maria Halabalaki; Catherina Caballero-George; Sandra Apers; Luc Pieters; Kenn Foubert
+- Genomic prediction of yield and root development in wheat under changing water availability Plant Methods (IF 3.61) Pub Date : 2020-07-01 Xiangyu Guo; Simon F. Svane; Winnie S. Füchtbauer; Jeppe R. Andersen; Just Jensen; Kristian Thorup-Kristensen
+Deeper roots help plants take up available resources in deep soil ensuring better growth and higher yields under conditions of drought. A large-scale semi-field root phenotyping facility was developed to allow a water availability gradient and detect potential interaction of genotype by water availability gradient. Genotyped winter wheat lines were grown as rows in four beds of this facility, where
+- The glycosyltransferase UGT76B1 is critical for plant immunity as it governs the homeostasis of N-hydroxy-pipecolic acid bioRxiv. Plant Biol. Pub Date : 2020-07-01 Lennart Mohnike; Dmitrij Rekhter; Weijie Huang; Kirstin Feussner; Hainan Tian; Cornelia Herrfurth; Yuelin Zhang; Ivo Feussner
+The trade-off between growth and defense is a critical aspect of plant immunity. Therefore, plant immune response needs to be tightly regulated. The hormone regulating plant defense against biotrophic pathogens is salicylic acid (SA). Recently, N-hydroxy-pipecolic acid (NHP) was identified as second regulator for plant innate immunity and systemic acquired resistance. Although the biosynthetic pathway
+- Split-HaloTag Imaging Assay for in vivo 3D-Microscopy and Subdiffractional Analyses of Protein-Protein Interactions bioRxiv. Plant Biol. Pub Date : 2020-06-30 Rieke Meinen; Jan Niklas Weber; Andreas Albrecht; Rainer Matis; Maria Behnecke; Cindy Tietge; Stefan Frank; Jutta Schulze; Henrik Buschmann; Peter Jomo Walla; Ralf Rainer Mendel; Robert Haensch; David Kaufholdt
+An ever-increasing number of protein complexes participating in metabolic pathways and of multi-protein intracellular networks is identified in plant cells. Split-GFP based protein-protein interaction assays combine the advantages of in vivo interaction studies in native environment with additional visualisation of protein complex localisation. However, fluorescence proteins have several drawbacks
+- The Arabidopsis V-ATPase is localized to the TGN/EE via a seed plant specific motif and acts in a partially redundant manner with the tonoplast enzyme bioRxiv. Plant Biol. Pub Date : 2020-06-30 Upendo Lupanga; Rachel Röhrich; Jana Askani; Stefan Hilmer; Christiane Kiefer; Melanie Krebs; Takehiko Kanazawa; Takashi Ueda; Karin Schumacher
+Vacuolar-type H +-ATPases (V-ATPases) are versatile proton pumps that control the pH of many intracellular compartments in all eukaryotic cells. The localization of the Arabidopsis V-ATPase was previously shown to be determined by the isoforms of subunit a (VHA-a). The incorporation of VHA-a1 targets the V-ATPase to the trans-Golgi network/early endosome (TGN/EE) whilst the incorporation of VHA-a2
+- The genome analysis of Tripterygium wilfordii reveals TwCYP712K1 and TwCYP712K2 responsible for oxidation of friedelin in celastrol biosynthesis pathway bioRxiv. Plant Biol. Pub Date : 2020-06-30 Tianlin Pei; Mengxiao Yan; Yu Kong; Jie Liu; Mengying Cui; Yumin Fang; Binjie Ge; Jun Yang; Qing Zhao
+Tripterygium wilfordii is a Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) from family Celastraceae and celastrol is one of the strongest active ingredients belonging to friedelane-type pentacyclic triterpenoid, which has a large clinical application value of anti-tumor, immunosuppression, and obesity treatment. The first committed biosynthesis step of celastrol is the cyclization of 2, 3-oxidosqualene to friedelin
+- A single cell Arabidopsis root atlas reveals developmental trajectories in wild type and cell identity mutants bioRxiv. Plant Biol. Pub Date : 2020-06-30 Rachel Shahan; Che-Wei Hsu; Trevor M. Nolan; Benjamin J. Cole; Isaiah W. Taylor; Anna Hendrika Cornelia Vlot; Philip N. Benfey; Uwe Ohler
+Cell fate acquisition is a fundamental developmental process in all multicellular organisms. Yet, much is unknown regarding how a cell traverses the pathway from stem cell to terminal differentiation. Advances in single cell genomics1 hold promise for unraveling developmental mechanisms2-3 in tissues4, organs5-6, and organisms7-8. However, lineage tracing can be challenging for some tissues9 and integration
+- tepR encoding a bacterial enhancer‐binding protein orchestrates the virulence and interspecies competition of Burkholderia glumae through qsmR and a type VI secretion system Mol. Plant Pathol. (IF 4.326) Pub Date : 2020-07-01 Jingyu Peng; Tiago Lelis; Ruoxi Chen; Inderjit Barphagha; Surendra Osti; Jong Hyun Ham
+- Genome-wide identification, characterization and expression profiling of gibberellin metabolism genes in jute BMC Plant Biol. (IF 3.497) Pub Date : 2020-07-01 Ummay Honi; Md. Ruhul Amin; Shah Md Tamim Kabir; Kazi Khayrul Bashar; Md. Moniruzzaman; Rownak Jahan; Sharmin Jahan; Md. Samiul Haque; Shahidul Islam
+Gibberellin (GA) is one of the most essential phytohormones that modulate plant growth and development. Jute (Corchorus sp.) is the second most important source of bast fiber. Our result has shown that exogenous GA can positively regulate jute height and related characteristics which mean increasing endogenous GA production will help to get a jute variety with improved characteristics. However, genes
+- Fasciclin-like arabinogalactan gene family in Nicotiana benthamiana: genome-wide identification, classification and expression in response to pathogens BMC Plant Biol. (IF 3.497) Pub Date : 2020-07-01 Xinyang Wu; Yuchao Lai; Lanqing Lv; Mengfei Ji; Kelei Han; Dankan Yan; Yuwen Lu; Jiejun Peng; Shaofei Rao; Fei Yan; Hongying Zheng; Jianping Chen
+Nicotiana benthamiana is widely used as a model plant to study plant-pathogen interactions. Fasciclin-like arabinogalactan proteins (FLAs), a subclass of arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs), participate in mediating plant growth, development and response to abiotic stress. However, the members of FLAs in N. benthamiana and their response to plant pathogens are unknown. 38 NbFLAs were identified from a
+- Identification of genetic loci associated with forage quality in response to water deficit in autotetraploid alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) BMC Plant Biol. (IF 3.497) Pub Date : 2020-07-01 Sen Lin; Cesar Augusto Medina; Bill Boge; Jinguo Hu; Steven Fransen; Steven Norberg; Long-Xi Yu
+Alfalfa has been cultivated in many regions around the world as an important forage crop due to its nutritive value to livestock and ability to adapt to various environments. However, the genetic basis by which plasticity of quality-relevant traits influence alfalfa adaption to different water conditions remain largely unknown. In the present study, 198 accessions of alfalfa of the core collection
+- ZmCCD10a encodes a distinct type of carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase and enhances plant tolerance to low phosphate Plant Physiol. (IF 6.902) Pub Date : 2020-06-30 Yanting Zhong, Xiaoying Pan, Ruifeng Wang, Jiuliang Xu, Jingyu Guo, Tingxue Yang, Jianyu Zhao, Faisal Nadeem, Xiaoting Liu, Hongyan Shan, Yanjun Xu, Xuexian Steve Li
+Carotenoid cleavage dioxygenases (CCDs) drive carotenoid catabolism to produce various apocarotenoids and immediate derivatives with particular developmental, ecological, and agricultural importance. How CCD genes evolved with species diversification and the resulting functional novelties in cereal crops have remained largely elusive. We constructed a unified four-clade phylogenetic tree of CCDs, revealing
+-
+- Targeted migration of pherophorin‐S indicates extensive extracellular matrix dynamics in Volvox carteri Plant J. (IF 6.141) Pub Date : 2020-06-30 Benjamin von der Heyde; Armin Hallmann
+Hydroxyproline‐rich glycoproteins (HRGPs) constitute a major group of proteins of the extracellular matrix (ECM). The multicellular green alga Volvox carteri is a suitable model organism to study the evolutionary transition to multicellularity including basic principles and characteristics of an ECM. In Volvox , the ECM is dominated by a single HRGP family: the pherophorins. Our inventory amounts in
+- Transcriptomic and functional analyses uncover the regulatory role of lncRNA000170 in tomato multicellular trichome formation Plant J. (IF 6.141) Pub Date : 2020-06-30 Xiaoli Liao; Junqiang Wang; Shunhua Zhu; Qingmin Xie; Lin Wang; Huiyang Yu; Zhibiao Ye; Changxian Yang
+Trichomes are universal specific structures originating from nearly all terrestrial plants. Although quantities of long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified in many plant species, the role of lncRNAs in trichome formation still remains unknown. Here, we identified a total of 1303 lncRNAs in the young stems of woolly mutant LA3560 (Wo ) and its non‐woolly segregants (WT). Out of these lncRNAs
+- The N-terminal zinc finger of CELLULOSE SYNTHASE6 is critical in defining its functional properties by determining the level of homodimerization in Arabidopsis. Plant J. (IF 6.141) Pub Date : 2020-06-10 Sungjin Park,Shi-You Ding
+Primary cell wall cellulose is synthesized by the cellulose synthase complex (CSC) containing CELLULOSE SYNTHASE1 (CESA1), CESA3 and one of four CESA6‐like proteins in Arabidopsis. It has been proposed that the CESA6‐like proteins occupy the same position in the CSC, but their underlying selection mechanism remains unclear. We produced a chimeric CESA5 by replacing its N‐terminal zinc finger with its
+- Dopamine and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi act synergistically to promote apple growth under salt stress Environ. Exp. Bot. (IF 4.027) Pub Date : 2020-06-20 Tengteng Gao; Xiaomin Liu; Lei Shan; Qian Wu; Yuan Liu; Zhijun Zhang; Fengwang Ma; Chao Li
+Dopamine is common in animals and plants where it plays a variety of important roles, including roles in stress responses. Salt stress commonly occurs in China and seriously affects plant growth and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis. So, we studied the influence of dopamine on AM fungi (AMF) colonization in apple trees (Malus domestica Borkh.) under salt stress. Apple trees were inoculated with
+- Freezing tolerance of photosynthetic apparatus in the homoiochlorophyllous resurrection plant Haberlea rhodopensis Environ. Exp. Bot. (IF 4.027) Pub Date : 2020-06-20 Gergana Mihailova; Ádám Solti; Éva Sárvári; Áron Keresztes; Francesca Rapparini; Maya Velitchkova; Lyudmila Simova-Stoilova; Vladimir Aleksandrov; Katya Georgieva
+Haberlea rhodopensis is unique among homoiochlorophyllous resurrection plants with its ability to tolerate also low temperatures at temperate climate. This study was carried out to elucidate the response and acclimation ability of photosynthetic apparatus to cold and the capacity to tolerate freezing temperatures. Cold acclimated plants experienced short-term freezing conditions under controlled-environment
+- Early events leading to water deficit responses in the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha Environ. Exp. Bot. (IF 4.027) Pub Date : 2020-07-01 D. Godinez-Vidal; G. López-Leal; A.A. Covarrubias; J.L. Reyes
+To understand the genetic and evolutionary basis of the responses to water deficit in plants, we turned to the basal liverwort Marchantia polymorpha, representing one of the most ancient plant lineages that first colonized land. Thalli exposed to water deficit showed a decreased growth rate and morphological modifications. In addition, water deficit led to relocation of cell organelles, mostly due
+- Unexpected presence of the nitrogen‐fixing symbiotic cyanobacterium UCYN‐A in Monterey Bay, California J. Phycol. (IF 2.328) Pub Date : 2020-07-01 Ana M. Cabello; Kendra A. Turk‐Kubo; Kendra Hayashi; Lucien Jacobs; Raphael M. Kudela; Jonathan P. Zehr
+In the last decade, the known biogeography of nitrogen fixation in the ocean has been expanded to colder and nitrogen‐rich coastal environments. The symbiotic nitrogen‐fixing cyanobacteria group A (UCYN‐A) has been revealed as one of the most abundant and widespread nitrogen‐fixers, and includes several sublineages that live associated with genetically distinct but closely related prymnesiophyte hosts
+- Comparative phylogeography of two Agarophyton species in the New Zealand archipelago J. Phycol. (IF 2.328) Pub Date : 2020-07-01 Oscar R. Huanel; Wendy A. Nelson; Vanessa Robitzch; Stéphane Mauger; Sylvain Faugeron; Maren Preuss; Giuseppe C. Zuccarello; Marie‐Laure Guillemin
+Molecular studies have reported the co‐existence of two species of Agarophyton in New Zealand: the newly described A. transtasmanicum with an apparently restricted distribution to some sites in the North Island, and the more wide‐spread A. chilense. Here we compared the distribution, genetic diversity, and structure of both Agarophyton species throughout the archipelago using sequences of the nuclear
+- A WRKY transcription factor, TaWRKY40‐D, promotes leaf senescence associated with jasmonic acid and abscisic acid pathways in wheat Plant Biol. (IF 2.167) Pub Date : 2020-07-01 Ling Zhao; Wenjuan Zhang; Qiuhang Song; Yazhou Xuan; Ke Li; Lingling Cheng; Hualiang Qiao; Geng Wang; Chunjiang Zhou‐tuning of leaf
+- The effect of maize‐alfalfa intercropping on the physiological characteristics, Nitrogen uptake and yield of Maize Plant Biol. (IF 2.167) Pub Date : 2020-07-01 Jamal Nasar; Zeqiang Shao; Adnan Arshad; Feyisike Gbolayori Jones; Shuoran Liu; Chunlin Li; Muhammad Zubair Khan; Tasir Khan; John Samuel Kalunguzya Banda; Zhou Xue; Qiang Gao
+Northeastern China is a combined ecozone of agronomy and animal husbandry, which plays an important role in China’s agricultural progress. However, the intensive long‐term sole cropping system and increased use of chemical fertilizer causes severe problems to sustainable agricultural development. Therefore, to improve agricultural sustainability, ensure food security and high quality crops yield, the
+- Pseudophoenix ekmanii (Arecaceae) seeds at suboptimal temperature show reduced imbibition rates and enhanced expression of genes related to germination inhibition Plant Biol. (IF 2.167) Pub Date : 2020-07-01 Anne M. Visscher; Elena Castillo‐Lorenzo; Peter E. Toorop; Laércio Junio da Silva; Maggie Yeo; Hugh W. Pritchard. Our aim was to analyse the effect of suboptimal (20 °C) and optimal (30 °C) germination temperature on seed imbibition
+- Auxin is required for the long coleoptile trait in japonica rice under submergence New Phytol. (IF 8.512) Pub Date : 2020-07-01 Khac Nhu Nghi; Andrea Tagliani; Lorenzo Mariotti; Daan A. Weits; Pierdomenico Perata; Chiara Pucciariello
+Rice coleoptile elongation under submergence guarantees fast seedling establishment in the field. We investigated the role of auxin in influencing the capacity of rice to produce a long coleoptile under water. In order to explore the complexity of auxin's role in coleoptile elongation, we used gene expression analysis, confocal microscopy of an auxin‐responsive fluorescent reporter, gas chromatography
+- MiR319a‐Targeted PtoTCP20 Regulates Secondary Growth via interactions with PtoWOX4 and PtoWND6 in Populus tomentosa New Phytol. (IF 8.512) Pub Date : 2020-06-30 Jie Hou; Huimin Xu; Di Fan; Lingyu Ran; Jianqiu Li; Shuang Wu; Keming Luo; Xin‐Qiang He
+Secondary growth is a key characteristic of trees, which requires the coordination of multiple regulatory mechanisms including transcriptional regulators and microRNAs (miRNAs). However, the roles of microRNAs in the regulation of the secondary growth need to be explored in depth. Here, the role of miR319a and its target, PtoTCP20 , in the secondary growth of Populus tomentosa stem was investigated
+- TOC1 in Nicotiana attenuata regulates efficient allocation of nitrogen to defense metabolites under herbivory stress New Phytol. (IF 8.512) Pub Date : 2020-06-30 Henrique Valim; Heidi Dalton; Youngsung Joo; Erica McGale; Rayko Halitschke; Emmanuel Gaquerel; Ian T Baldwin; Meredith C Schuman
+The circadian clock contextualizes plant responses to environmental signals. Plants use temporal information to respond to herbivory, but many of the functional roles of circadian clock components in these responses, and their contribution to fitness, remain unknown.
+- 3D shape analysis of grass silica short cell phytoliths (GSSCP): a new method for fossil classification and analysis of shape evolution. New Phytol. (IF 8.512) Pub Date : 2020-05-23 Timothy J Gallaher,Sultan Z Akbar,Phillip C Klahs,Claire R Marvet,Ashly M Senske,Lynn G Clark,Caroline A E Strömberg
+Fossil grass silica short cell phytoliths (GSSCP) have been used to reconstruct the biogeography of Poaceae, untangle crop domestication history and detect past vegetation shifts. These inferences depend on accurately identifying the clade to which the fossils belong. Patterns of GSSCP shape and size variation across the family have not been established and current classification methods are subjective
+- Phenotypic characterization of recurrent selection S 1 Papaya ( Carica papaya L.) families by multivariate approach Euphytica (IF 1.614) Pub Date : 2020-07-01 Renato Santa-Catarina, Julio Cesar Fiorio Vettorazzi, Diego Fernando Marmolejo Cortes, Josefa Grasiela Silva Santana, Tathianne Pastana de Sousa Poltronieri, Daniel Pereira Miranda, Adriana Azevedo Vimercati Pirovani, Nádia Fernandes Moreira, Marcelo Vivas, Messias Gonzaga Pereira
+In the current study, the morphological traits in 222 individuals of the UCP-C0 base population were evaluated to distinguish the phenotypic variability and thus to be used in the papaya recurrent selection program. The studied traits showed considerable differences among the individuals. The fruit weight ranged from 279.7 to 1808.0 g with average of 859.7 g, the number of commercial fruits ranged
+- Effect of chromosome substitutions from Gossypium barbadense L., G. tomentosum Nutt. Ex Seem and G. mustelinum Watt into G. hirsutum L. on cottonseed protein and oil content Euphytica (IF 1.614) Pub Date : 2020-07-01 Sukumar Saha, Nacer Bellaloui, Johnie N. Jenkins, Jack C. McCarty, David M. Stelly
+Cottonseed is the second-most common plant protein source after soybean, and the fifth-most common oil source after soybean, palm tree, colza and sunflower. There has been little economic incentive until recently to breed for cottonseed nutritional components. In our previous studies we used chromosome substitution (CS) lines to associate novel traits of importance with specific substituted chromosome
+- Dating lightning: Dendrochronological and magnetic analyses of lightning scars Dendrochronologia (IF 2.293) Pub Date : 2020-06-25 J. Julio Camarero; Emilio L. Pueyo; Elisa Sánchez-Moreno; Pablo Calvin
+Lightning impacts on forests and trees are still understudied from a tree-ring perspective. Lighting causes direct and indirect damages on forests and trees. Trees struck by lightning can show a growth reduction and lightning storms also trigger wildfires in seasonally dry areas such as Mediterranean mountains. Here we combined dendroecological and magnetic analyses to reconstruct and assess the impact
+- Morphological characterization of some gymnosperm non-saccate pollen grains Plant Biosyst. (IF 1.787) Pub Date : 2020-07-01 E. Tedeschini; A. Costarelli; E. Bricchi; G. Frenguelli
+The gymnosperms are a taxon of plants that release large amounts of pollen. Some genera of this group are specifically studied because their pollen is known to be the cause of respiratory diseases. The medical interest in allergenic bioaerosol has led to the need for daily aerobiological monitoring. The technique applied involves the use of an instrument that aspirates a volume of air corresponding
+-
+- Seed Coat Structural and Permeability Properties of Tilia miqueliana Seeds J. Plant Growth. Regul. (IF 2.672) Pub Date : 2020-07-01 Yu Wu, Yong Bao Shen
+In the present study, the structural and permeability properties of the Tilia miqueliana seed coat were primarily explored through the scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), paraffin section detection (PSD), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and germination experiments. This found that the seed coat of Tilia miqueliana seeds exhibits two functions. On the one hand
+- Photooxidative Stress Modulation of Endogenous Phytohormone and Antioxidant Accumulations and Fruit Maturity in Date Palm ( Phoenix dactylifera L.) J. Plant Growth. Regul. (IF 2.672) Pub Date : 2020-06-30 Hussein J. Shareef, Jameel M. Al-Khayri
+A common modern cultivation practice is bagging the fruit bunch if date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) which may influence fruit maturity and nutraceutical quality. Exposure of fruits to photooxidative stress induces changes in the endogenous concentrations of plant hormones and other metabolites, which may cause accelerated fruit maturity. This study was conducted to examine the effect of exposure
+- Carbonylation of proteins—an element of plant ageing Planta (IF 3.39) Pub Date : 2020-07-01 K. Ciacka, M. Tymiński, A. Gniazdowska, U. Krasuska
+Main conclusion Carbonylation-ROS-dependent posttranslational modification of proteins-may be regarded as one of the important events in the process of ageing or senescence in plants. Abstract Ageing is the progressive process starting from seed development (plants) and birth (animals). The life-span of living organisms depends on many factors and stresses, which influence reactive oxygen species (ROS)
+- Tobacco RNA-dependent RNA polymerase 1 affects the expression of defence-related genes in Nicotiana benthamiana upon Tomato leaf curl Gujarat virus infection Planta (IF 3.39) Pub Date : 2020-07-01 Ved Prakash, Archana Singh, Ashish Kumar Singh, Tamas Dalmay, Supriya Chakraborty
+Main Conclusion RNA-dependent RNA polymerase 1 of Nicotiana tabacum modulates ToLCGV pathogenesis by influencing a number of defence-related genes in N. benthamiana plants. Abstract Key means of plants protecting themselves from the invading viruses is through RNA silencing. RNA-dependent RNA polymerase-1 (RDR1) is one of the crucial proteins of the RNA silencing pathway, which is induced after infection
+- Direct regeneration of haploid or doubled haploid plantlets in cucumber ( Cucumis sativus L.) through ovary culture Plant Cell Tiss. Organ Cult. (IF 2.196) Pub Date : 2020-07-01 Ying Deng, Bing Tang, Xia Zhou, Wenyuan Fu, Lian Tao, Lu Zhang, Jinfeng Chen
+This paper reports a simple and effective method of directly producing cucumber plants through unfertilized ovary culture. The paper involves an experiment investigating factorial interactions between TDZ treatment, cold pretreatment, genotypes of cucumber, to improve plant induction. Cold pretreatment was effective in stimulating the ovary. The results showed that cold pretreatment for 4 days, TDZ
+- Micropropagation and pathogen elimination in elderberry ( Sambucus nigra L.) Plant Cell Tiss. Organ Cult. (IF 2.196) Pub Date : 2020-07-01 Elisabeth Kopper, Maria Granilshchikova, Thomas Leichtfried, Helga Reisenzein
+To date, more than 75% of Austrian elderberry acreage is planted with cultivar ‘Haschberg’. This leads to high costs during harvest, since most of the berries have to be harvested at the same time and need to be frozen within hours after picking. In order to improve the spectrum of elderberry cultivars micropropagation of five elderberry cultivars was optimized. To meet the requirement for certified
+- Atractylodes lancea volatiles induce physiological responses in neighboring peanut plant during intercropping Plant Soil (IF 3.299) Pub Date : 2020-07-01 Xiaogang Li, Zhen Yang, Ya’nan Zhang, Li Yu, Changfeng Ding, Yangwenke Liao, Chuanchao Dai, Xingxiang Wang
+- Na + /H + antiporter (NHX1) positively enhances cadmium (Cd) resistance and decreases Cd accumulation in tobacco plants cultivated in Cd-containing soil Plant Soil (IF 3.299) Pub Date : 2020-07-01 Gang Wang, Dan Yang, Yue Zhang, Qian Li, Jing Ji, Chao Jin, Guangxia Wu, Chunfeng Guan
+Aims Na+/H+ antiporter (NHX1) was reported to be induced by NaCl in plants and NaCl can alleviate the toxic effect in plants caused by cadmium (Cd). However, it is unknown whether the NHX1 gene is involved in Cd adaptation in plants. This study aimed to explore the relationship between Cd resistance and NHX1 in plants. Methods SseNHX1 gene obtained by shuffling using SsNHX1 from Suaeda salsa and SeNHX1
+- Issue Information Plant Species Biol. (IF 1.828) Pub Date : 2020-07-01
+- Spatial genet dynamics of a dwarf bamboo: Clonal expansion into shaded forest understory contributes to regeneration after an episodic die‐off Plant Species Biol. (IF 1.828) Pub Date : 2020-05-03 Hiroshi Tomimatsu; Ayumi Matsuo; Yuichiro Kaneko; Eri Kudo; Ryotaro Taniguchi; Tomoyuki Saitoh; Yoshihisa Suyama; Akifumi Makita
+- Floral biology and potential hybridization of three sympatric epiphytic bromeliads in Veracruz, Mexico Plant Species Biol. (IF 1.828) Pub Date : 2020-06-17 Kareen Ramírez‐Rosas; Armando Aguirre‐Jaimes; Ivón M. Ramírez‐Morillo; José G. García‐Franco
+- Contrasting floral biology of Artabotrys species (Annonaceae): Implications for the evolution of pollinator trapping Plant Species Biol. (IF 1.828) Pub Date : 2020-04-27 Junhao Chen; Ming‐Fai Liu; Richard M. K. Saunders
+- High haplotype diversity with fine‐scale structure in a recently established population of an endangered orchid Plant Species Biol. (IF 1.828) Pub Date : 2020-06-12 Karl J. Duffy; Donata Cafasso; Ming‐Xun Ren; Salvatore Cozzolino
+- Biochemical recognition in seeds: Germination of Rumex obtusifolius is promoted by leaves of facilitative adult conspecifics Plant Species Biol. (IF 1.828) Pub Date : 2020-05-19 Haruna Ohsaki; Hiromi Mukai; Akira Yamowo
+- An explosion of perfume: Mass flowering and sphingophily in the Caatinga dry region in Brazil Plant Species Biol. (IF 1.828) Pub Date : 2020-05-27 Sinzinando Albuquerque‐Lima; Arthur Domingos‐Melo; Tarcila C. L. Nadia; Elisângela L. S. Bezerra; Daniela M. A. F. Navarro; Paulo Milet‐Pinheiro; Isabel C. Machado
+- Estimating the epidemiology of emerging Xylella fastidiosa outbreaks in olives Plant Pathol. (IF 2.169) Pub Date : 2020-06-30 S.M. White; J.A. Navas‐Cortés; J.M. Bullock; D. Boscia; D.S. Chapman was detected in Puglia in 2013 and has spread over 100 km, killing
+Lucy. Whoopi. Gilda. The mere mention of these ladies names conjurs up images or quotes of hilarity. The world of comedy is largely male-dominated and a particularly difficult and tough industry. Early comediennes just like Mabel Normand Thelma Todd and Imogene Coca had been all gifted even though in most cases played as second bananas to their male costars. While in the 1950s tv and film authorized for stronger comedic roles for girls while normally even now steeped in sexism. In the course of the 1970s and 1980s ladies ended up last but not least coming into their own – starring by themselves tv demonstrates headlining concerts and pulling in hundreds of thousands in the box business office. Even with the results of those proficient and fantastic people the debate of Are Gals Amusing remains continuing.
+35 Billie Burke- This glorious and light comedienne is now mainly well-known as the epitome of kindness Glinda the good of the North in 1939s The Wizard of Oz. Prior to that nevertheless Burke was a revered and endearing vaudevillian and comic actress. Ron dunbars grammy Her magnificence ringing voice and a little daffy air developed her a good comic foil in some of her early comedies and musicals. She was far better served about the stage and her movie job was relatively spotty nevertheless she did offer you a cherished overall performance in 1938s Merrily We Live a frothy comedy about a culture matron who hires a servant who stops up falling in enjoy with her daughter. The effectiveness is humorous and darling and proves that there was significantly extra to this gifted and attractive actress.
+34 Debra Messing- if there have been any heirs to Lucille Balls crown it could be Debra Messing. Playing the splendidly neurotic New Yorker Grace Adler on Will Grace Messing blended a slapstick humor with a goofy sexiness. Because the best friend belonging to the gay lawyer Will Messing portrayed Graces potentially abrasive idiosyncrasies as adorable characteristics her character couldve been overshadowed by the mugging Sean Hayes since the fey Jack or the explosive comedy of Megan Mullallys Karen Walker but its Messings daffy attractiveness and fearless commitment to comedy that crafted her not only hold her private but stand out.
+33 Kirstie Alley- one for the few screen and tv comediennes who successfully blended sex appeal and timing Alley found stardom as Shelly Longs replacement on the classic 1980s sitcom Cheers since the money-hungry barmaid Rebecca Howe. Initially written as an ice-queen Alley was later given a chance to use her considerable slapstick prowess and timing to make Rebecca a messy and vulnerable clown of a character. A singular and idiosyncratic performer she hasnt been able to find comparable victory after the end of Cheers while she bravely skewed her weight-gain and profession woes with her reality showsitcom Fat Actress.
+32 Lisa Kudrow- Its troublesome to pick out a star from an ensemble but if there ever was a standout it would be Lisa Kudrow. Arguably the most talented and charismatic thespian from the Friends cast Kudrow started out with the comic troupe the Groundlings losing out to Julia Sweeney for a spot on Saturday Night Live and stole scenes with a recurring role within the 1990s domestic sitcom Mad About You as Ursula a hostile and ditzy waitress. She moved onto to Friends starring as Phoebe Buffay in a strange crossover twist Phoebe was Ursulas twin the eccentric and troubled folk-singer and masseuse. The characters potentially disastrous life gave Kudrow an opportunity to mine pathos out with the comedy alot more so than any on the other members for the cast. Kudrows intelligence translated into Phoebe and even in her dizzier moments Phoebe was never dumb. Kudrow lent her off-kilter comic timing to memorable turns in Analyze This The Opposite of Sex and Romy and Micheles High School Reunion. She then created the faux-reality show The Comeback which was a brittle poignant and hilariously brilliant portrait of a desperate actress clawing her way back to the spotlight. Predictably because the show was real smart and perceptive it was canceled after just one season.
+31 Megan Mullally- even although the show was called Will Grace Mullallys boozing socialite Karen Walker was the breakout star belonging to the show. A twisted and sick character Karen was a reliably hilarious character that elevated the sitcom even its later leaner years. Even though the writing was awfully broad at times and her character was sometimes far removed from reality Mullallys performance was completely committed despite the absurdity within the show. Mullally has parlayed her helium-voiced creation into television history since the most subversive offensive and completely hilarious version of Ethel Mertz in television.
+30 Candice Bergen- The daughter of legendary ventriloquist Edgar Bergan and sister to his dummy Charlie McCarthy. A gorgeous and stunning woman she lent her very good looks to fashion magazines earlier than turning to an acting job. Initially her career started off badly with her inexperience sticking out. She toiled in b-movies getting lambasted by the critics for her vapid and passive performances that typically asked her to do little additional than just stand and pose. At long last she was given a chance to show off her strange mugging style with a hosting stint on Saturday Night Dwell. In 1979 she eventually proved the critics and audiences wrong with her hilarious effectiveness as a wannabe pop singer inside the Burt Reynolds comedy Starting Over garnering an Oscar nomination for her work. She followed it two years later with the well-received chick-flick Rich and Famous. She then eventually hit her stride staring because the title character inside classic sitcom Murphy Brown – un updated Mary Richards for the 1990s. She was permitted to use her then-untapped comic chops wowing critics and racking up five Emmys for the run within the show. The incongruity of a beautiful woman like Bergen doing pratfalls and pulling faces coupled with the highly intelligent writing made the series unforgettable.
+29 Jane Wagner- An intuitive and perceptive writer who found her muse in Lily Tomlin Wagner has been penning exhibits for Tomlin for years. Her incredible one-woman show The Search for Signs of Intelligent Life inside the Universe starring Tomlin was a moody and blistering commentary on social ills and feminist politics. She would go on to wire significantly more films for Tomlin as well as material for the comediennes albums. An award-winning scribe who is unjustly relegated to the background.
+28 Jean Stapleton- Her grating voice and lumpy body ensured that she would never compete with Jane Fonda for film roles although her talent was astounding. Her iconic efficiency as Edith Bunker the tolerant and long-suffering wife within the 1970s classic sitcom All while in the Family resulted in one from the most memorable characters on television. With a lesser actress the role could have been tedious and mean instead Stapleton imbued Edith with dignity and an intelligence that wasnt apparent initially. Stapeleton won 3 Emmys for her role and would continue a distinguished tv stage and film profession – including a scene-stealing turn in the Meg Ryan-Tom Hanks hit Youve Got Mail 1998.
+27 Wendy Wasserstein- one of the funniest and most original playwrights and writers. Her blistery and funny work generally relates the writers feminist point of view in stories of gals dealing with life issues like childhood careers and motherhood. Her strongest work recalls Woody Allen at his peak. A highly political and challenging writer her work was however accessible for mainstream audiences who made hits out like stage classics since the Sisters Rosensweig and The Heidi Chronicles which netted Wasserstein a Pulitzer Prize along with a Tony. She also lent her talents to screenwriting as well as penning books of essays and novels. Wasserstein died in 2006 from lymphoma leaving behind a daughter that she struggled to have- she charted the tortured however uplifting process in a lovely collection of essays.
+26 Moms Mabley- One for the most groundbreaking and controversial comediennes to grace the phase Mabley one from the first female African-American comics to court mainstream victory. Her comedic persona belied quite a bit of her barbed and angry humor with the bag lady costume of a ill-fitting housedress. She had a prolific job recording albums appearing on phase and television paving the road for artists that include Whoopi Goldberg. Now contemporary audience could find Moms Mableys act as an archaic throwback.. A talented comedienne whose legacy remains trailblazing.
+25 Elaine May- a splendid and talented actress comedienne writer and director Elaine May has been one from the most important female scribes of Hollywood. Initially famous for her legendary pairing with Mike Nichols onstage tv and records May has developed a prolific and successful career as a screenwriter for a number of the funniest hits around the silver screen. Twice nominated for an Academy Award May has also been an award-winning actress winning several critics awards for her scene-stealing supporting work in Woody Allens 2000 farce Small Time Crooks. May has penned a few of Hollywoods most memorable films including Heaven Can Wait The Birdcage and the political satire Primary Colors. A truly diverse talent whos had her fingers in many pies.
+24 the cast for the Golden Girls Beatrice Arthur Betty White Rue McClanahan Estelle Getty- This long-running NBC sitcom boasts a top-shelf cast of stage-honed actresses. The show allowed the gals to sharpened their comic skills with gut-busting one-liners and even some amazing physical humor as well. Arthur since the sensible Dorothy was the anchor for the show leveling her quips with a withering look. He comic reactions to the goings on of her costars was classic Jack Benny. White as the naive Rose completely sold us on the idea within the a bit dim but eternally sweet woman she portrayed. McClanahan stole scenes with her bawdy Gypsy Rose Lee-meets Blanche Devereux act as lusty southern belle Blanch Getty was a brilliant comic foil for the other actresses since the wise nevertheless irrepressible Sophia. The shows topical humor was an excellent reason to watch this peerless quartet perform comic magic over the small screen.
+23 Meg Ryan- Ryan was recognised for over a decade because the Queen of Romantic Comedies. Her patented cute shtick charmed audiences. After a decade of memorable turns Ryan had cemented her status as an icon of your rom-com genre with the Woody Allen-like Rob Reiner flick When Harry Met Sally 1989. The next year she found her cinematic kindred spirit with Tom Hanks in Joe Versus the Volcano. However it was 1993s Sleepless in Seattle that became the classic Hanks-Ryan pairing. She tried to expand her range with darker roles although audiences favored an adorable Ryan as opposed to a dour one. She proved her chemistry with Hanks and her timing had been both however on-spot with 1998s Youve Got Mail. She hasnt had a hit in a few years though its inevitable that Ryan will be able to make a comeback.
+22 Vivian Vance- excellent actors always have an amazing costar next to them and television legend Lucille Ball had the greatest straight woman with Vivian Vance. A highly regarded and well-regarded Vaudevillian performer Vance buried her beneficial looks under the guise on the frumpy Ethel Mertz televisions greatest second banana. Her timing was perfect and she bounced off Ball brilliantly never dominating the scene but however holding her possess. Mertz had many classic moments of her personal on I Love Lucy most memorably her antics at trying to keep up with a very enthusiastic conveyer belt. She performed beautifully not allowing the comic antics to overwhelm the truth on the character.
+21 Julia Roberts- The heir of Audrey Hepburn never had an actress succeeded on pure charm. Her mega-watt smile and her blinding screen presence makes her a natural for romantic comedies. The only actress from the past two decades who can compete with male superstars in terms of commercial appeal Roberts had an impressive and unbelievable string of box-office smashes. Her first film of note was the ensemble comedy-drama Steel Magnolias in which she traded jabs with her onscreen mom Sally Field and then dies magnificently She then scored her first hit and Oscar-nod with the hooker-Cinderella tale Pretty Woman 1990. She followed up with other decent flicks even though none let her shine as brightly until 1997s My Best Friends Wedding. She then unleashed a string of laugh-fests including Notting Hill Runaway Bride and Erin Brockovich which won Roberts her first Oscar. A platinum-plated superstar who defines the word Movie Star.
+20 Marilyn Monroe- a beautiful and troubled actress whose tragic life lent itself to her personal work Monroe tried to free herself from the typecasting that plagued her vocation. Often cast as the sexy dumb blonde Monroe nevertheless stole scenes with her blinding screen presence and perfect timing. The roles she was offered for the most part ended up far beneath her extraordinary talents and it wasnt until she took control of her career that she was able to start making quality films worthy of her talent. Her 1956 movie Bus Stop permitted for her sad past to inform her pathos-laden comic effectiveness as a barroom singer. She followed the performance with another excellent turn in 1957s The Prince and the Showgirl stealing the film and outperforming Sir Laurence Olivier. She eventually found a film that was equal to her artistry inside the brilliant 1959 comic classic Some Like It Hot. Playing a ukulele-strumming singer who meets up with two musicians about the run from the mafia she gives a superb functionality of mirth and skill elevating the film with her comedic chops.
+19 Carole Lombard- one for the sunniest and most natural comediennes from the silver screen Lombard combined her cool blonde splendor with a on-spot timing that could not be beat She generally starred in frothy comedies where she performed tight-rope feats of effervescent mirth. Inspite of her model-good looks Lombard permitted herself to look silly in hilarious pratfalls. My Man Godfrey 1936 and Nothing Sacred 1937 cemented her status as a screwball comedy master. Her final film 1942s To Be or Not to Be was a fitting cap to a wonderful job that was cut tragically short when Lombard perished in a plane crash.
+18 Rosie ODonnell- a friendly and appealing personality that struck a chord with her audiences with her every day woman style. On her talk show ODonnell was relatable to the viewers because she was a genuine fan of her guests as well – normally doing things viewers only dream of doing which include singing with Bette Midler dancing with Britney Spears or kissing Tom Cruise. Her comedy is an accessible style that combined observational humor with ringing even though gentle jabs at popular culture. The talk show was a perfect vehicle for ODonnell to just be herself. After a few years of inactivity shes returned to daytime because the moderator within the View. No longer concerned with being the Queen of Nice ODonnells new environment brings out a extra political though no less humorous side for the comedienne.
+17 the cast of Sex and the City Sarah Jessica Parker Kim Cattrall Kristin Davis Cynthia Nixon- The HBO dramedy became a cultural phenomenon due to the fashion-forward quartet of actresses who expertly blended jaw-dropping sexiness loopy hilarity and most importantly- complete dedication to the truth of their situations no matter how ridiculous they may be. Sarah Jessica Parkers columnist Carrie Bradshaw was the feminist Woody Allen for the new millennium mining comedic gold out of her romantic pratfalls Cattralls libertine Samantha Jones normally couldve descended into a cartoon but the actress ensured that no matter how outrageous Samanthas sexual exploits were the viewers believed them all Nixon was armed with an arsenal of one-liners because the cynical Manhattan lawyer Miranda Hobbes and no one couldve given the pithy quips the hilarious bite as Nixon did Davis wide-eyed portrayal for the optimistic Park Avenue socialite Charlotte York combined a sexy slyness with charming guile The writing was usually brilliant nevertheless its the actresses chemistry and talents that carried the show.
+16 Katherine Hepburn- Katherine the Fantastic or Kate the Terrific is a witty nickname for cinemas greatest leading lady. Her no-nonsense manner and stunning elegance designed her a movie star but its her awesome talent produced her an actress. Identified equally for her stirring dramas as well as her comedies Hepburns dramatic gravitas manages to avoid overwhelming the light comedies shes blessed. Bringing Up Baby 1938 a classic screwball farce displayed Hepburns superb comic timing and ability to remain light and frothy reminiscent of Billie Burke at her best. Philadelphia Story was another terrific comic tale with Hepburn inside middle of a absolutely adore tug-and-war with Cary Grant and James Stewart lucky her. Woman from the Year 1942 was one of your many excellent comedies from the sexes that Hepburn created with her lovely Spencer Tracy. Other gems included Adams Rib Pat and Mike and Desk Set . The two performed for the last time inside the interracial dramedy Guess Whos Coming to Dinner 1967. She also proved wistfully marvelous with the humorous comedy Summertime 1955 as a lonely middle-aged woman vacationing in Venice. A brilliant and an historic talent.
+15 Bette Midler- She can sing she can act and she can make us laugh. Blessed with a soulful voice that recalls the Andrews Sisters Janis Joplin Barbra Streisand Sophie Tucker Ethel Merman and Judy Garland Midler has forged a brilliant job as an entertainer. Her start was from the gay bathhouses of New York in advance of ascending to superstardom as an actress recording artist and stage performer. Her concerts are studies in hilarity as she performs her bawdy numbers and drags out her various alter-egos including a singing mermaid a torch-singing hold-over trying to adapt to the MTV age and also a wise-cracking housefrau who refuses to suffer her husbands foolishness gladly. On screen Midlers manic style has lent itself well to broad slapstick films and her great timing also lets Midler work with fantastic gags and one-liners. The 1980s saw the singer-actress work with Disney on a string of successful if a bit formulaic comedies that nonetheless showed off Midlers madcap humor. She teamed up with other comic pros like Shelly Long in Outrageous Fortune 1987 and with Lily Tomlin in Big Business 1988. Within the 1990s she teamed up with other laugh legends including Woody Allen in Scenes from a Mall 1991 and most notably with Goldie Hawn and Diane Keaton in 1996s surprise hit The First Wives Club. A hilarious raucous performer who regularly steals scenes with her ebullient personality and talent Bette Midler is a reliably enjoyable and entertaining performer.
+14 Meryl Streep- Yes Meryl Streep can suffer with the best of them her cool and icy magnificence lends itself well to the most soul-crushing tragedies on film just watch the brilliantly rendered Holocaust drama Sophies Choice for a lesson in anguish. Unfortunately the genius Streep is normally known more for her serious dramatic turns and her hilarious comic performances are in most cases swept aside for even more grander fare – too bad because when shes funny theres nobody as hilarious as Meryl Streep. Her freakishly oversized talent lends itself well to comedies because Streep does not attempt to be funny but instead plays the characters as real people ensuring that she is never mugging buffoonish or overbearing unless the role calls for it. Her wonderfully wry bit as a struggling actress in rehab with the adaptation of Carrie Fishers roman-a-clef Postcards from the Edge 1990 was excellent as was her deliciously campy performance as a diva trying to combat the hands of time in the special-effects-laden Death Becomes Her – which teamed Streep with another comic gem Goldie Hawn. She has also been brilliant in a low-key efficiency as a journalist researching orchids during the quirky comedy Adaptation 2002 her monstrous Miranda Priestly a fire-breathing editor while in the Devil Wears Prada and as a gentle and sad country vocalist in Robert Altmans swan song Prairie Home Companion both showed audiences in one year that even in comedy Streeps diversity is unparalleled.
+13 Barbra Streisand- when as Fanny Brice Streisand said Hello gorgeous she designed one within the most memorable entrances in movie history. An incredibly gifted driven and ambitious performer whose talent is boundless. Her debut functionality in Humorous Girl won her an Oscar and spawned a fantastic string of films inside 1960s and 1970s that showed Streisands inimitable style and considerable comic prowess. Her portrayal of a happy hooker inside Owl and the Pussycat her frantic turn during the screwball homage Whats Up Doc to her recent success as sex therapist Mother Focker in Meet the Fockers Streisands career has been peppered with amazing moments of hilarity. Her profession inside 1980s had definitely turned alot more serious as Streisand evolved into a platinum pop diva as well as a Hollywood player director producer and shes even delved into politics making it very easy to forget that once Barbra Streisand was a very humorous girl.
+12 Ellen DeGeneres- a groundbreaker who never curses and always wants to be nice DeGeneres designed tv history by coming out as a lesbian on her self-titled sitcom. The fallout was immediate and swift her show was pulled and work sputtered to a stop. Previous to her coming out Ellen was hailed as a worthy successor to Lucille Ball with her propensity for physical humor. Like comic giant Jerry Seinfield DeGeneres found the humor in mundane everyday life which built her chatty low-key functionality style popular with audience. After the death of her sitcom and an aborted comeback to scripted tv DeGeneres scored major points hosting the Emmys post 9-11. Her poignant and quiet humor won her new audiences and she took her warmth to daytime tv on a hit talk show.
+11 Mary Tyler Moore- She turned the tv environment on with her smile first since the lovely Laura Petrie inside Dick Van Dyke Show and then later on as the iconic Mary Richards about the Mary Tyler Moore Show. Moores elegance wide smile bubbly personality and vulnerability endeared her to tv viewers. Her show was an excellent take around the rise of feminism and the dawn of single female urban dwellers – without Mary Richards Murphy Brown and Carrie Bradshaw would never have been. Moore has also branched out in other works most notably with a stunning dramatic turn as an ice-cold mother in Robert Redfords Ordinary People 1980. She also skewered her good-girl image with a wonderful scene-stealing turn in David O. Russells Flirting with Disaster 1996. A universally beloved entertainer whose innate humanity shines in her best work.
+10 Goldie Hawn- with her bubbly character ringing giggle and stunning blonde looks Academy-Award winning actress Goldie Hawn used her particular genius of sexy humor in a profession thats spanned over three incredible decades. Early in her job she designed a name for herself shimmying in a bikini within the 1970s hit tv show Rowan Martins Laugh-In. She also stole scenes from icons Ingrid Bergman and Walter Mathau in Cactus Flower 1969 scoring an Oscar for effort. She followed up with a string of decent films but scored a classic with Private Benjamin 1980 in which she played a Jewish princess transplanted into the army. The rest on the 1980s were spent with Hawn doing various versions of Benjamin. During the 1990s she enjoyed a comeback of sorts with a smash hit First Wives Club 1996 where she parodies her unique image and she gave a lovely turn inside Woody Allen musical Everyone Says I Absolutely adore You 1996. A marvelous entertainer who proved that blondes have even more fun but are definitely not dumb.
+9 Diane Keaton- the Oscar-winning actress became an icon after being the muse of another comic superb Woody Allen. Keaton won an Academy Award for Allens classic Annie Hall 1977 where she expertly blended her genuine liability with Allens scripted kookiness and pulled off a brilliantly hilarious however heart-rending efficiency of a woman even now searching for herself. She paired with Allen for other greats for example Manhattan Interiors and Manhattan Murder Mystery. She broke away from Allens looming shadow striking out on her unique scoring comic hits with Baby Boom Father in the Bride and the smash hit First Wives Club. A graceful beauty she has shone her evergreen luminescence in recent hits Somethings Gotta Give Oscar-nominated and The Family Stone. A magical and bewitching performer.
+8 Phyllis Diller- a true pioneer for female clowns Diller went the route of Fanny Brice basing her humor and comedy on self-deprecation. A wonderfully acerbic and vinegary comedienne her tales of her domestic despair with husband Fang created Diller a formidable and much-loved performer. Taking part in clubs appearing on television and films and even recording the versatile comic proved that women could keep up with the big boys of comedy and in Dillers case commonly outdo them.
+7 Joan Rivers- a critic and observer of popular culture whose humor generally came in the expense of other celebrities Rivers latched onto our cultures obsession with Hollywood generally skewering bad tastes in clothes hair styles or plastic surgeons. A witty and talkative performer who has turned the red carpet into just an extension of her phase she has manufactured the pre-shows to the awards reveals usually quite a bit much more interesting than the award demonstrates themselves. When she squawks can we talk she is putting an abrasive voice to the audiences collective thoughts. She emerged as a standup when there werent that many girls doing it and she was a talk-show hostess when there were no gals hosting late night television constantly pushing the envelope and opening doors for younger comediennes Rivers still performs onstage brandishing her bayonet-like wit on popular cultures flimsy and inflated importance.
+6 Roseanne Barr- Brilliant brash and very angry Barr channeled her rage against sexism with a damning portrayal of a woman to the nerve of a meltdown. Her standup comedy punctured the idea of male dominance since the status quo. She took her character for the Domestic Goddess and created of the most important and groundbreaking television sitcoms ever Roseanne. The title character was Barrs instrument of protest for social change as she showed the realities of a lower middle-class family struggling to survive. Careful to depict all of your topics she found important Barr included issues of depression domestic violence homosexuality and racism. Roseanne was probably the truest show ever on television putting reality shows to shame showing what a loving nevertheless struggling family go through trying to survive. After Roseanne Barr tried her hand at other various projects including hosting a chat show nevertheless they did not match the accomplishment of her seminal sitcom. Now shes returned to her roots touring doing her intelligent and demanding act now a television legend and show business icon.
+5 Lily Tomlin- Tomlin found her start on Rowan Martins Laugh-In and appeared on a number of variety demonstrates throughout the 1970s blessing them with this sort of inventive characters like the inquisitive toddler Edith Ann or the merciless passive aggressive telephone operator Ernestine. She found success on film as well earning an Oscar nomination for her operation in Robert Altmans 1975 film Nashville taking part in a gospel singer. She then teamed up with Jane Fonda and Dolly Parton while in the classic feminist comedy Nine to Five. She followed it with other comedy hits The Incredible Shrinking Woman All of Me and Big Business costarring Bette Midler. She then turned to even more quirky fare from the 1990s and scored with an impressive comeback with 1996 movie Flirting with Disaster and gave a excellent and hilariously physical effectiveness in 2004s I Heart Huckabees. An impressive talent she won the Tony Award for her one-woman show The Search for Signs of Intelligent Life and has also recorded hit Grammy-nominated record albums as well.
+4 Whoopi Goldberg- a particular and brilliant performer who mined comic gold and profound thought from her various onstage characters – most notably Fontaine the rehabbed drug addict who sees the globe with new sober eyes and doesnt like what he sees. Besides being an insightful and engrossing live performer Goldberg is also an excellent movie actress attractive in comedy and drama. Her first film of note The Color Purple allowed Goldberg to produce feelings of warmth rage anger depression and at last strength because the legendary Celie. She followed it with a string of b-comedies in the course of the 1980s wasting her strange and individual talent. 1990 saw Goldberg win an Academy Award for her scene-stealing role in Ghost as a bogus psychic. She had a monster hit with 1992s Sister Act donning a nuns habit. As with the 1980s the last two decades have been very difficult for this amazing performer whose oversized talents dont lend themselves to standard Hollywood fare she even now shines best onstage. In 2005 she brought back her iconic Broadway one-woman show celebrating its 20th Anniversary.
+3 Gilda Radner- Her name inspires warmth smiles and laughter. A wonderfully resourceful comedienne who can wring truth and poignancy out of any character she stole Americas heart throughout her legendary stint on Saturday Night Are living. Her gallery of characters had been inspired takes on societal archetypes – her abrasive newscaster Roseanne Roseannadanna hard-of-hearing senior Emily Litella and possibly her most heart-tugging creation the nerdy while lovely Lisa Hoopner. She left SNL and performed her classic one-woman show Gilda Stay and released a film and record album of the concert. Her 1980s films underutilized the brilliant performer and sadly she died an early death from ovarian cancer in the age of 43.
+2 Carol Burnett- Her gawky looks and blaring horn of a voice ensured that she would never be cast as the lovely leading lady even though Burnetts comic timing and diverse talent would lead her to become one with the most important figures in tv history. Her classic self-titled variety show was a brilliant showcase for Burnetts multi-faceted gallery of personalities. Her send-up of Gone with the Wind entitled Went with the Wind included the now-unforgettable scene of Burnett done up as Scarlette OHara in couture created from the curtains – rod even now attached. Her family sketch starring the emotionally unstable Eunice was not only a hilarious but also explored the rage that Burnett held from her hard childhood.
+1 Lucille Ball- All hail the Queen- No performer was as imaginative or amusing ahead of or since Lucille Ball. A minor B-movie actress she ascended to history with her classic sitcom I Love Lucy using her perfect timing and exhaustive well of routines to create the most memorable character of tv history- Lucy Ricardo. Hyperbole doesnt do Ball justice. Some of the vignettes in the show present Balls beautiful talent and legendary commitment to the truth of your character and the situation. The Vitameatavegamin skit Lucy stomping grapes the candy factory Lucy gives birth to Little Ricky Lucy meets John Wayne – these scenes are text book examples of classic comedy. While the show benefited greatly from the talented supporting players William Frawley and Vivian Vance have been priceless because the bickering married Mertzes it was Ball that gave the show its lionized reputation. After the demise with the show and her marriage to true-life and onscreen husband Desi Arnaz she made a comeback with two far more successful hit shows the reveals werent as satisfying as I Take pleasure in Lucy but younger audiences were nonetheless privy to Balls genius. The rest of her career was a bit of anticlimax failed movie vehicles as well as a disastrous comeback sitcom while in the early 1980s nevertheless nothing can erase the Monet-like artistry of Lucille Ball. Ron dunbars grammy Singers and bands have loyal fans that stick with them through the thick and thin of their music careers. Annual music awards are a time for the fans to vote for their favorite musicians and give praise for their musical abilities. Singers and bands not just get recognition and a few sort of fancy award but their careers are generally improved in ratings. You can get genre certain new music awards normal new music awards and online music awards. Here is a have a look at a web radio awards and a few other songs awards.
+Most likely probably the most effectively regarded new music awards will be the Grammy Awards reveal. It is an yearly award offered to musicians which might be the most beneficial in the enterprise. They acquire a golden gramophone statuette that solidifies their site during the entertainment marketplace and their fantastic achievements. The Grammy Award is introduced through the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences.
+"I know it might sound big-headed but we've done everyone who tried to have a go at us"
+Mick Geggus, Rising Free fanzine, 1981
+"Our music has always been about ourselves.
+Our lives always revolved round a big shithouse of a place called East London.
+We sang about violence because it was all we ever knew".
+Vince Riordan, 1981
+Very young East London skinheads, the Rejects were - musically speaking - lodged directly between Sham 69 and the Sex Pistols, but without the redeeming social conscience of either. As a matter of fact, vocalist Stinky Turner and his guitarist brother Mickey Geggus (the band's constants) were even more Neanderthal in attitude than the Gallagher brothers. Gratuitously artless in every respect, the Rejects swiftly became leading lights in the Oi! movement, and leant it it's name. They were aggressively proud of their "manor", London's East End, and also of their football team of choice, West Ham. This double whammy of working class pride turned their concerts into battlegrounds, as opposing factions congregated to beat the crap out of one another.
+Did I mention that they were fucking great?
+Formed in Canning Town in late 1978, in their original lineup Stinky Turner Mickey Geggus were complimented by bassist Chris Murrel and drummer Paul Harvey. They surfaced in July 1979 with a cracking EP on Small Wonder. They had deposited their demo tape at the Small Wonder record shop, and Pete Stennet had liked it so much that the same day he offered them a one-off single. Flares 'N' Slippers laid out the blueprint for their first two albums and simultaneous singles: football terrace "tunes", magnificently unsubtle guitar and walloping Paul Cook-esque drums. And over the top, Stinky shouts with absolute conviction, his lyrics full of references to fighting, extolling an "us against the world" attitude that is utterly compelling.
+Armed with the enthusiasm of John Peel, and a new rhythm section - drummer Andy Scott and bassist Vince Riordan - they soon found themselves with an EMI Record deal and Jimmy Pursey producing their first single.
+Flares 'N' Slippers was a resounding success and led to patronage from Pursey, a deal with EMI, Garry Bushell stepping in as their manager (and influential PR man), and a great twelve months or so that included six singles in the Top 70, three Top 30 LPs, several appearances of Top Of The Pops, and a slew of unbelievably chaotic, often violent gigs up and down the country.
+They went through three drummers in this time, and were the absolute stars of Oi!, amassing rave review after rave review in Sounds, attracting the sort of fan who had gone off Sham 69 and having to fend off completely unfounded accusations of being racists.
+Their run of hit singles is remarkable, from the idiotic-and-proud-of-it I'm Not A Fool through to the hilariously moronic We Are The Firm, via the totally classic The Greatest Cockney Rip Off, which spills over into vaudevillian parody. Most of their single were proper hit records, with The Greatest Cockney Rip Off peaking at No. 21 and I'm Forever Blowing Bubbles reaching No. 35, no mean feat for such rowdy, radio-unfriendly fare.
+Greatest Hits Vol. 1 and Greatest Hits Vol. II (both recorded with number Nigel Wolfe) are quintessential: thuggish in the extreme, practically each song boasts a chorus that sounds like a classic footer terrace anthem and the majority of the tracks seem to end with a barrage of burps, belches, jeering and general abuse. 'Oi! Oi! Oi!', on the second album, is a virtual manifesto.
+Greatest Hits Vol 3 (Live & Loud!) was actually recorded in a studio (Abbey Road), with a large mob of their friends invited to cheer along to such ' as 'We Are The Firm' and 'We Can Do Anything'. A cover of 'Motorhead' is there to hint ominously at their future direction. Their first record with new drummer Keith "Sticks" Warrington, and it was also the last time they troubled the charts. Easy Life, taken from the album, was a tedious, lumpy piece of rock, and it bombed.
+The Power & The Glory marked the Rejects entry into, well, not adulthood, but something beyond acne-ridden adolescence. It came housed in semi-tasteful artwork (although haters of West Ham might not agree) and the back cover photo showed the band sporting headbands and traces of eyeliner, while showing off their tats and generally looking macho. Along with the sub-standard tie-in single On The Streets Again, it died a total death: EMI did not like their new direction and simply let it go. A shame, as it has some of the group's best numbers and is thoroughly rousing.
+ABOVE: The Rejects in go rock: 1981 (left) and 1982 (right).
+After this they lost their manager, their record deal and their money (same old story: shafted by their erstwhile record company and their manager). They also lost their marbles, opting for a hard rock sound on a series of terrible albums that took them to obscurity and beyond, with Turner adopting a quasi-American accent and the abandonment of songs about football and fighting.
+The Wild Ones (1982) was a boring heavy rock LP that somehow earned them a Top Ten Indie Hit. Although 'Rock N Roll Dream' was a guilty pleasure and 'Till The End Of The Day' was a fairly valid cover version, an artistic success it wasn't. By the time of 1984's Quiet Storm they had shortened their name to The Rejects and were in the doldrums. The LP came in one of the worst sleeves ever, even by heavy metal standards.
+Stinky Turner: It was never going to go anywhere. I think the album went Teflon. It went wood in the Isle of Wight.
+The lowpoint might have been a US tour in 1985 where they showed up with long hair, were booed off stage every night and were even held at gunpoint by Roger Rogerson of the Circle Jerks. Or maybe it was worse when, in 1986, they tried recording an LP with Steve Marriott producing and ended up fighting not only with him but also gangsters who showed up to rob the studio. Lethal (1990) was their last gasp.
+Anyway, after Lethal the Rejects were kicked into touch for the best part of a decade, until an invitation to re-record some old songs led to more LPs and gigs.
+LINEUP #1 (1978-1979)
+Stinky Turner - vocals
+Mick Geggus - guitar
+Chris Murrel - bass
+Paul Harvey - drums
+Recorded Flares 'N' Slippers
+LINEUP #2 (1979)
+Stinky Turner - vocals
+Mick Geggus - guitar
+Vince Riordan - bass
+Andy Scott - drums
+According to who you speak to and where you read it, either this lineup or next one is the "classic" one. Riordan was ex-Dead Flowers, Scott was ex-Tickets. Recorded their first Peel Session in August '79, and I'm Not A Fool (1979), Bad Man and Greatest Hits Volume 1 (both recorded 1979, but released 1980).
+LINEUP #3 (1980)
+Stinky Turner - vocals
+Mick Geggus - guitar
+Vince Riordan - bass
+Nigel Woolf - drums
+The other "classic" bootboy lineup. Recorded their second Peel Session in February 1980, and everything from The Greatest Cockney Rip Off to Greatest Hits Vol II (all 1980)
+LINEUP #4 (1980-1991)
+Stinky Turner - vocals
+Mick Geggus - guitar
+Vince Riordan - bass
+Keith "Sticks" Warrington - drums
+The classic "rock" period lineup, recorded everything from Greatest Hits Vol. 3 (Live & Loud!) (1981) to Lethal (1990), although in the middle of this period they recorded Quiet Storm (1984) as a trio without Riordan. Ian Campbell also helped out on bass between 84 and 85.
+DISCOGRAPHY
+Singles / Albums
+Various Artists
+Back-Stage Pass UK LP 1980 (Supermusic): Wanna Be A Star / Police Car
+Oi! The Album UK LP 1980 (EMI): Oi! Oi! Oi! / Here We Go Again / Generation Of Scars
+The Last Stiff Compilation Album... ...Until The Next One US LP 1980 (Stiff): Flares 'N' Slippers
+Burning Ambitions (A History Of Punk) UK 2xLP 1982 (Cherry Red): Flares And Slippers
+Oi! - The Resurrection UK LP 1986 (Link): I Wanna Be A Star
+Oi! Chartbusters Volume 1 UK LP 1987 (Link): Police Car
+Oi! Chartbusters Volume 2 UK LP 1987 (Link): Motorhead
+Oi!.. The Picture Disc UK LP 1987 (Link): Police Car
+Oi! Chartbusters Volume 4 UK LP 1988 (Link): Dead Generation
+Oi! Chartbusters Volume 6 UK LP 1990 (Link): It Will Only Ever Be
+Small Wonder: The Punk Singles Collection UK CD 1994 (Anagram): Flares And Slippers
+Oi! The Singles Collection Vol 2 UK CD 1996 (Captain Oi!): Flares And Slippers / Police Car / I Wanna Be A Star
+Small Wonder: The Punk Singles Collection Volume Two UK CD 1996 (Anagram): Police Car
+Oi! The Singles Collection Vol 3 UK CD 1997 (Captain Oi!): I'm Not A Fool / East End
+Zonophone Records: The Complete Punk Singles Collection UK CD 1997 (Anagram): Greatest Cockney Rip Off / I'm Forever Blowing Bubbles / We Can Do Anything / We Are The Firm / Easy Life / On The Streets Again
+Links
+EAST END BABYLON - Official site of the film
+2010 INTERVIEW on the FLARES N SEAGULLS SITE
+If you are searching for foods for bulking or you are finding it had to gain weight then you are definitely at the right place. I say so because I have added a number of options here when it comes to bulking foods.
+At the same time, I have made sure that I only include those foods that are widely available in any supermarket near you. As a result, you need to be rest assured that you will be able to find all these bulking foods really easily.
+Having said all that, let me begin this listing of some of the best foods for bulking.
+If you need extra muscles in your physique or need to improve it, it is very significant to work out. You can produce muscles in whatever frame you need by exercising every day.
+But occasionally, workout single-handedly is not sufficient to get the desired shape. Eating the right food is also crucial. What you eat has a significant impact on your muscle formation. The researchers have detailed information regarding the amount of protein, fats, carbohydrates required in the bulking phase.
+Spinach
+Spinach likewise assumes a significant part in making the muscles strong. As per research, the development of muscles depends on 20% because of the nutrients found in spinach.
+The calcium found in spinach demonstrates support in loosening up the muscles. Alongside this, it likewise eliminates jerking and spasms in the muscles. Its iron content also promotes muscle growth.
+Green vegetables consist of amino acids, which help repair muscles. It is additionally helpful for diminishing weight, expanding energy levels, and expanding the metabolic rate.
+Spinach ought to be eaten more as juice or salad. Or on the other hand, it can likewise be consumed as a sandwich.
+Egg
+A critical component of muscles is protein, which is found in eggs. To be sure, even with the protein found in huge amounts in eggs is also recognized as a crucial supplement for making muscles.
+Not to miss, eggs also contain benefits of amino acids. As a result, there are high chances that your body may be able to fulfill the amino acids nutritional gap when and if you consume eggs regularly.
+Besides, minerals, calcium, zinc, and iron are found in it.
+Vitamin A, E, K, B, and B12 and folic complex are found in egg yolk. All of these make absorption extraordinary and change over strength into energy.
+Muscles can be made in the gym consistently, eating one to two eggs. You can make eggs in various ways.
+Eggs contain protein which plays an important role in making muscles. To be sure, even with the protein found in eggs, amino acids are moreover recognized as the essential supplements for making muscles. Also, minerals, calcium, zinc, and iron are found in it.
+The yolk of an egg contains vitamins A, E, K, B, and B12 and is folic complex. All of these make absorption incredible and change over heaviness into energy.
+By eating one or two eggs consistently, you can reliably build muscle. You can prepare eggs in various ways. You can consume eggs as bulking snacks as well.
+Here are some of the additional points when it comes to whole eggs
+Sweet Potato
+Sweet potato can likewise be remembered for the diet for male bodybuilding. It is plentiful in fiber, potassium, and nutrients. After exercising, you can snack on sweet potatoes.
+The high starch content of sweet potatoes supplies nutrients such as nutrients 6, C, E, and D and iron, copper, and magnesium. Sweet potatoes are additionally great for recovering the digestive system and helping with weight loss. A barbecued sweet potato does not cause the body to suffer from protein deficiency.
+Some useful information on sweet potato here.
+Almonds
+Muscles are said to be made best by almonds. Almonds containing protein, fiber, and vitamin E are beneficial for muscles.
+The potent cancer prevention agent found in almonds assists the body with recuperating rapidly after an exercise. It likewise increases the energy level. The gamble of elevated cholesterol can likewise be diminished with almonds. Eating almonds is likewise helpful to stay away from heart illnesses.
+A couple of almonds ought to be eaten every day. It tends to be eaten simmered, dried or absorbed water. Indeed, remember that don’t eat it in the wake of singing. Try not to eat almonds in massive amounts.
+Clinical trial of almond has been published here.
+Flax seeds
+Numerous such nutrients in flaxseeds help decrease muscle to fat ratio and make muscles. It is high in omega-3 fatty acids.
+As a result, the body consumes less energy, and it is additionally significant when building the body since a physique should not expand after exercise. Fiber is also found in high sums, which expands the energy level and increases endurance.
+Blend one spoon of flaxseeds in curd or milk and drink it before dozing. It can likewise be taken in numerous different structures.
+Milk
+Making muscles with milk is exceptionally helpful. Protein is additionally found in overflow in milk. Nutrients, minerals, and many sugars are additionally found in milk. Alongside this, fat is likewise present, which assumes a significant part in making muscles.
+Toned milk should be intoxicated day by day after an exercise. Numerous scientists say that chocolate milk is additionally valuable for making muscles.
+Here are a few additional points on fat free milk.
+Fish
+Foods are best made from salmon fish, mainly. Salmon fish is fat free and builds muscles. It also contains Omega 3, E.P.A., DHA, Vitamin B, and a large protein.
+It is consisting of Numerous nutrients in it, including magnesia, selenium, calcium, and iron, which contribute to muscle repair, growth, and recovery.
+Salad
+You should eat barbecued salmon with salad and green vegetables two times per week. The requirements may be that we need to accept fish nutrients if we are trying not to eat fish.
+Quinoa
+Due to its high protein content and low-calorie content, Quinoa is an ideal food for building muscles. The protein present in it is wealthy in each of the nine essential amino acids, which is essential in muscle building.
+Fiber, riboflavin, calcium, Vitamin E, iron, potassium, phosphorus, magnesium, and folic acid make Quinoa an excellent addition to any diet. Also, it is sans gluten and without cholesterol.
+Quinoa tastes incredible and is not difficult to cook. It can be made as soups and mixed greens, meat, or green vegetables. Eating Quinoa after an exercise helps in building muscles.
+Here is a Harvard study on Quinoa.
+Legumes
+To develop your body, you ought to remember legumes for your diet. Various nutrients like fiber, carbs, and proteins are found in legumes. The body benefits significantly from fiber and protein.
+Long intense exercise sessions could be possible with sufficient carbs and proteins. The requirement can likewise be eaten as a plate of mixed greens or as a soup.
+Other normal legumes consist of pied beans, Lima beans, dark beans, chickpeas, lentils, and dark peas. You can likewise eat legumes in soups or mixed greens.
+What is Bulking?
+Bulking is based on the idea that you can gain muscle very efficiently if you consume and focus primarily on consistent weight gain.
+Then at a certain phase, you may begin a program of “cutting” to reduce unwanted body fat, with the result possibly being a significant muscle gain. Bulking is the muscle-building phase of a regular bodybuilding schedule. It includes making a calorie surplus to help muscle development.
+There are two primary stages of the bodybuilding process: bulking and cutting. According to a study, it says
+- Bodybuilders ordinarily consume extra carbs and protein to keep a calorie surplus during a bulking phase.
+- The objective is to utilize these extra calories to fabricate muscle. During a bulking phase, an individual must strength train to invigorate muscle development: bulking requires mass and body fat.
+What Amount Of Nutrition Is Required?
+Protein is an effective nutrient, which is fundamental for strengthening muscles. Simultaneously, as well as keeping up with bodyweight and portability, foods containing proteins along with starches and fats are likewise viewed as significant.
+In such times, the diet remembered for the bulking diet should be with the end goal that it contains 55 to 60 percent carbs, 25 to 30 percent protein, and around 15 to 20 percent fat.
+Calorie Intake Required For Bulking
+In accumulating sufficient protein, you also require extra calories to accumulate weight. Use the formula given below to gain half a kilo in a week. Measure after 2 weeks of proceeding with the method mentioned above. If weight has not been gained, increase your diet by 500 calories.
+- To determine the number of calories needed, multiply the outcome of one step by 12.
+- You can determine your sitting metabolic rate by multiplying the 2 point outcome by 1.6.
+- If you exercise five minutes per week, multiply the number by five.
+- Multiply the digit of minutes per week you jog, cycle, or play by 8.
+- Now put in the result of points 4 and 5 and allocate by 7.
+- Put in the 3 and 6 point outcomes to reveal the calories you require every day.
+- By putting in 500 to the 7 point find, you can discover the number of calories required to gain the weight of 500 grams in a week.
+Concluding Best Foods For Bulking
+To build muscle and reduce weight, you must create a strict diet plan. You should consume proteins, complex carbohydrates, and good fats.
+In addition, many extra minerals and vitamins should be added, such as potassium, copper, calcium, iron, etc. If you consume all the 10 foods mentioned above, it’ll help you in bulking.
+- The information shared in this write-up has been published for educational purposes only.
+- We do not intend to diagnose or treat any ailments, diseases, or disorders.
+- In case of any guidance, please contact your nearest medical professional.
+- Health & Medical related issues should always be addressed by the professionals.
+The airconditioner filter can be mentioned to be a two filter in one because of the symmetry about the central grid. Our merchandise consist of closed-loop air conditioners, hazardous duty air conditioners, filtered fan programs &.
+Air conditioners not simply enable us battle the intolerable heat, but additionally supply us a risk-free, allergy cost-free and clean environment. Cars really have to run on diverse forms of terrains with a lot of pollutants, a great deal of dust and pollens floating within the air. Breathing such air could cause a great deal of complications for your driver and passengers sitting within the automobile. With all the quantity of cars, the air pollution can be rising day by day. If we drive together with the windows of the car down, each of the smoke can enter into our lungs and make us sick.
+Shhhh… Listen! Can You Hear The Sound Of New Air Conditioners?
+In case your HVAC products is over ten years old or not maintaining your home comfy, have it evaluated by a professional HVAC contractor. If it isn’t performing efficiently or demands upgrading, contemplate changing it by using a unit which has earned the Vitality STAR. Determined by where you reside, changing your old heating and cooling products with Vitality STAR competent products can cut your annual energy bill by almost $200. But before you portable room air conditioners in the new HVAC system, make sure that you have addressed the major air leaks in the residence and also the duct system. At times, they are the true sources of issues rather then your HVAC products.
+Problems With Portable Room Air Conditioners That You Don’t Want To Make
+A Portable Air conditioner performs in non-standard spaces, this kind of as warehouses, boats, and Cars. It runs on electrical power like a window unit, yet is small ample for being used in spaces that aren’t properly suited for long lasting set up. Industrial spaces prompted the advancement of the transportable air conditioner. On the other hand, the transportable air conditioner is modified for use outdoors of the industrial capacity. This involved modifying the cooling technological innovation, cutting down the size, and adapting the energy source to run on battery. A Portable Air conditioner calls for no long lasting set up, and it is best for cooling locations as much as 450 sq. ft.
+How Private Air OperateMost small air conditioning units aren’t really strong, which explains why you need to have an account for those who must interesting a small confined space. Also, contrary towards the most conventional air conditioners work, individual air conditioners usually do not rely on heat in the air, then the expulsion of sizzling air by external ventilation. As an alternative, most air conditioners demand individual they’re filled with lbs of ice. Personnel Units Ac then turn the ice into the air interesting. Even so, retain in thoughts you consistently must fill your private air conditioner with ice for those who use continuously.
+If you believe merely buying a split AC will resolve all your objective, believe yet again. If you reside in a residence that consists of a number of rooms, then you certainly should go for Dual Zone or Triple Zone depending on the amount of rooms inside your residence. Mainly, it suggests the amount of air handles expected to interesting a space. In case your residence is like an open location that has a number of rooms in it, then you certainly may perhaps must go for one particular air handler; having said that, you’ll need to make sure that BTUs are adequate to cover the location of all rooms.
+Tricks Mom Never Told You About Air Conditioners
+Do you take place to be somebody who’s setting up to get a fresh air conditioner for creating your living a lot more cozy in comparison to what it was ahead of? During the event of you staying thinking about obtaining an air conditioner to the foremost time, you require guaranteeing the truth that the conclusion continues to be arrived at with total awareness with the subject matter. Even though staying around the appear out to get an air conditioner, you are able to look into the tips advised from portable room air conditioners pros. Moreover that, you will be also able to consider proposals from your buddies/ relatives who’ve purchased air conditioners of late. This might be helping you produce a well-versed selection.
+Paying about the common air conditioning fix and servicing services is constantly worthy. By availing these services, you don’t must be worried about horrible circumstances in which your air conditioner stops functioning. An skilled technician will check out your spot and closely examine your AC. He will identify the challenges with your cooling device and inform you in advance of repairing. Straight away just after having approval for that fix and replacement of injury elements from you, he’ll get started his work. He will give the best fix services and make certain that your device is functioning smoothly. This is the way you can easily judge how critical air conditioning fix services are for that better functioning of the AC.
+Just be sure you have read through every one of the opinions you could discover before getting. Checking customer reports may be a very good concept also. Yet another approach to opt for an air conditioner is usually to get in touch with a repair particular person and see what they would propose, considering the fact that they’ve extra working experience with which air conditioners break down one of the most typically. When it eventually comes time for you to get air conditioning installation Sydney will be a fantastic place to get it done as a result of the many companies that complete this services.
+I Don’t Want To Spend This Much Time On Air Conditioners
+Air conditioning units naturally generate a supply of water from condensation that varieties on the refrigeration coils. The condenser, positioned inside the home, makes use of a condensation line usually a pvc pipe or plastic drain tube to remove this moisture. The line runs for the compressor outdoors, wherever the moisture drains for the ground like a regular drip when portable room air conditioners unit is on. Chances are you’ll recognize the place around the compressor as remaining moist or acquiring green grass whilst the remainder of your lawn struggles.
+Air conditioning complications can crop up from nowhere and whenever you least assume it, in particular in case you do not remain present along with your troubleshooting and servicing processes. Almost nothing is worse than coming home or perform to an overheated household or apartment on the hot summertime day only to uncover your air conditioning unit isn’t doing work. Right portable room air conditioners adjusting your thermostat to awesome off your residing space, your unit could refuse to turn on or fail to correctly reduced the temperature while you would commonly assume.
+Clearly getting wall mounted air conditioner unit Montreal substantial units for commercial applications portable room air conditioners often a very distinctive than getting 1 for your dwelling. You could get a wall mounted AC unit for your dwelling from many different sources. A plethora of dwelling improvement merchants will carry them as seasonal objects. You could also get 1 of these excellent AC units immediately through the manufacturer in most cases online. You can find a big variety of producers which will promote immediately to your public by way of their sites.
+An incredibly common brand of air conditioners may be the American Standard. It offers heating and cooling options to several folks and is accomplishing terrific get the job done from the discipline. The goods by this producer incorporate heat pumps, air conditioners and furnaces that happen to be extremely productive regarding vitality management and in the identical time come at extremely eye-catching charges. Several of the major properties of these appliances are:SEER Rating: Seasonal Vitality Effective Ratio or SEER rating tells us the relation from the electrical power consumption associated with running of an HVAC procedure plus the time taken to great or warm the air. A HVAC procedure with larger SEER rating indicates the large efficiency associated with electrical power specs. The goods that have acquired American Standard are usually economic as in contrast to their counterparts. Even though the expense of the item is straight linked with the SEER rating of the item, they’re even now less costly in price tag. Therefore it is possible to make sure of a excellent item which complies with your price range as well as fits your liking.Eco-friendly nature: Since the frequent man these days is highly conscious of the challenges faced on account of international warming, he is usually prepared to buy a item which can be cost-free from or creates extremely significantly less of any type of pollution. Working: Minimum noise manufacturing is one of the critical points that are kept in mind although designing a item. Selected goods which include Allegiance twenty includes an intelligent compressor that operates on minimal vitality in regular days and switch to larger vitality specs only on the extremely scorching day. Consequently it assists you in saving your hard earned income.
+Caution: These 5 Mistakes Will Damage Your Air Conditioners
+On this regard, even so, it must be explained that online has come like a pleasant boon. Now, it is actually very much doable to get hold of dependable professionals for repairs and AC installation Las Vegas. It is possible to Google them up and generally, you can be directed to reliant professionals who run their particular official website and therefore are pretty a lot seasoned. Most of them also publish testimonials of their consumers to present you an strategy about their solutions. But in these web sites, you see what they show you. For example, a website is not going to publish any unfavorable feedback or grievance posed by any consumer! So, you can look for individual blogs and discussion forums the place people today are free of charge to talk openly about the quality of solutions from the significant gamers.
+A surprising quantity of water is generated in this approach various gallons per day. You could harvest this water and use it to water your plants or small patches of lawn. The extra your air conditioner runs, the extra water is made, which means that once the heat is worst and you want it most, a free supply of water is getting generated. The extra water you’ll be able to harvest in the drain line, the significantly less you may have to use water in the hose or faucet, assisting to conserve both an environmental resource as well as your water bill. Just be sure you happen to be not running you happen to be a.c. an extra volume to acquire extra water, or you are going to offset your cost savings!
+Secrets And Techniques Of Portable Room Air Conditioners Unveiled
+The filter process with the New Air ACS 9001H is manufactured up of a washable display, and activated carbon filter plus a photocatalyst filter. The washable display is an air filter. The activated carbon assists get rid of odors. The photocatalyst filter employs an ultraviolet light that produces a response that releases free radicals. The free radicals get rid of toxic substances like germs and volatile natural compounds. This can be how the brand new Air ACS assists secure you from damaging substances that might be within portable room air conditioners home.
+Manhattan is regarded to be essentially the most taking place area in Ny City that by no means sleeps and given that there’s a lot of exercise going on right here while in the heart of NYC 24/7, it often tends to obtain scorching in summers and manhattan air conditioners are necessary mandatorily to keep the brand new Yorkers awesome and active all through this warm weather. It truly is not easy for somebody that is a native of Ny City, born and brought up in chilly winters to reside in warm weathers and due to the fact we realize that with huge maximize in global warming nowadays, summers are getting hotter each and every yr and hence air conditioning enterprise in Ny is developing like mushrooms. But with this particular drastic maximize in air conditioning enterprise, there are numerous organizations coming up with their cunning intentions to rip off portable room air conditioners good income from their prospects by giving them false promises and later cheating them by offering reduced high quality air conditioning units with duplicate components. It turns into seriously hard for a individual to determine, which ones are the most reliable and most reputed air conditioner dealers in Ny City. Whom to trust and whom to not trust, following all its the query of paying your really hard earned income on something that is a vital have to have.
+Why You Should Replace Air Conditioners Every Few Years
+The fuel cap must be kept tightly screwed on. If left loose, it could lead to highly-priced evaporation of fuel. Once the engine servicing light is witnessed on, the car components beneath the hood must be checked immediately. These involve the air filter, fuel filter, automatic transmission fluid, belts and hoses, amid other folks. Recommended schedules for replacements at the same time as standards for calibration could portable room air conditioners discovered in the vehicle’s owner’s manual. The car owner should really comply strictly with this kind of recommendations. The vehicle’s oil, one example is, must be modified right after each and every 3,000 miles. In case the oil is dirty, it must be modified sooner. The air conditioner coolant must be checked much more often through the changing of seasons.
+Air conditioning may possibly be an exceptionally essential gadget in all workplace, malls, super markets, schools, schools, and so forth. Thus dependant on the demand of your air conditioning method, the repairs and also other amenities also has to be the very best in obtainable. World class air conditioning programs are available in Lincolnwood air conditioning dealers. Lincolnwood air conditioning provides you with all portable room air conditioners of air conditioning programs obtainable during the industry. All solutions from Lincolnwood air conditioning dealers are going to be premium & up towards standards. Air conditioning programs necessitate regular & periodical maintenance. Loads of companies supply the services and repairs of almost a myriad of air conditioning programs. Skokie ac repair offer the care and services towards the air conditioning programs.
+Venues To Look For Bargain Air Conditioners
+Refrigerant LeakageThis can be a problem in the event portable room air conditioners refrigerant just isn’t charged properly with the time of set up or is leaking. Many people make the mistake of adding refrigerant if there’s a leakage but that is just not an answer. You may need to get in touch with in a technician who would check the unit, fill in the appropriate quantity of refrigerant and get the unit operational. Consider that a refrigerant leak is often hazardous on the setting and ought to be corrected as soon as possible.
+A central air unit can be a bit trickier. You will choose to use intense caution or far better but phone in a skilled air conditioner servicing skilled. The units cooling fins are very easily bent and broken which can restrict air movement. Use portable room air conditioners gentle rinsing hose to blow out debris from within from the cooling unit. This will likely cost-free the machine of dirt and dust even though preventing harm to the cooling fins. Also, filters within the unit inside the property must be often changed. Thorough cleaning is unique for every machine. It’s best to study the guide before attempting this on your own.
+Seeking Solutions for Liscom Slough Dumping – July 8, 2012
+Sarah Han
+Eye Correspondent
+ARCATA BOTTOM – Liscom Slough, a tributary of Humboldt Bay on Jackson Ranch Road, has long been a dumping ground for trash. It is just one of many sites where unwanted materials are illegally dumped.
+Ted Halstead has been watching over the slough for 15 years. When he has time, after spotting trash on his bike ride, Halstead will clean up any messes he finds – and as Eye readers know, he finds a lot of them – and drives the debris away to dispose of it properly.
+Over the years and toiling mostly on his own, Halstead has found and cleaned up animal parts, costume jewelry, pay phones, toxic car batteries, drugs and much more.
+Finally, his efforts to clean up Liscom Slough have galvanized county agencies to seriously consider the local dumping crisis in coordinated fashion for the first time.
+“Dumping has always been a problem,” California Coastal Commission Coastal Planner Melissa Kraemer, said. “But the involvement of community members like Ted have provided an impetus for interagency efforts.”
+On May 21, Halstead, community members and representatives of multiple agencies, including the California Coastal Commission, the Humboldt Bay Recreation and Conservation District, the California Department of Fish and Game, and the Humboldt County Division of Environmental Health convened on the slough site to discuss solutions to the pollution issue.
+The problem
+“Obviously dumping is illegal. Even dumping soil, people may not think about how that may cause a problem but it is very disruptive to these habitats,” Kraemer said.
+This deliberate pollution occurs all over the county, not just at Liscom slough. Kraemer reports hearing that just about any turnout on an abandoned, less-traveled road is a potential dumping area.
+“As I started doing my bike rides around there, I saw that the bat rays would come in and out in the summer time and I learned that the larval form of the Dungeness crab would come up into the upper reaches of the slough, come down and migrate into the ocean,” Halstead said. “I got this sense just from looking out from the top of the bridge that there is a larger connection. Then I saw things like the sardines coming in to spawn, the herrings come in to spawn. I saw that the slough was used year round by organisms.”
+In addition to household trash, cannabis grow waste, furniture and other items, a dead goat was recently deposited along the slough.
+Aldaron Laird, environmental planner and owner of Trinity Associates, assessed the 102-mile shoreline of Humboldt Bay and also observed the harmful effects of dumping in places like the slough.
+“When I kayaked through, I saw all kinds of trash that people have been dumping,” Laird said. “Even fertilizer, which can cause algal blooms and isn’t healthy for the area.”
+This pollution is dangerous to the local marine life, as well as visually jarring.
+Halstead often submits pictures of his trash findings from the slough to the Arcata Eye. The floating computer monitors, auto parts and other junk pervade the picturesque slough.
+“The people who care, care. That’s all I can say. It’s really a basic thing. It either makes sense to care about it or not,” Halstead said.
+Those who don’t care, as Halstead puts it, are both random drive-by dumpers and owners of property on the slough who illegally dispose of their trash.
+Property owners can be identified and addressed. But drive-by dumpers are rarely caught.
+On a few occasions, dumpers have accidentally thrown away documents with personal information with their trash, in which case they can also be located.
+Otherwise, most perpetrators get away with their pollution.
+Not only do these anonymous dumpers need to be identified, but the pollution in Liscom Slough and other coastal areas also needs to be prevented as well as cleaned up.
+Finding a solution
+The issue was brought to the attention of several local agencies that decided to collectively consider solutions.
+At the May meeting, representatives from each agency explained their points of view and what their department could do to help. Spearheading this interagency effort is Humboldt Bay Recreation and Conservation’s Director of Conservation Division Dan Berman.
+“There are a couple local citizens who’ve been serving as sort of caretakers and they clean up the slough. They were bringing it to my attention and I got especially concerned,” Berman said. “I just wanted to try and get some of the people together and talk, make sure we understand what the different roles of the different agencies are and what we can try and do about it.”
+However, although the jurisdictions of the different agencies overlap in some areas of the pollution issue, they don’t exist in others such as enforcement and cleanup, leaving holes in possible solutions.
+“The Coastal Commission office doesn’t have the resources to put someone out there to patrol the area,” Kraemer said. “We are able to impose fines and penalties on property owners and we can get our enforcement staff to work with the alleged violator to restore the damage. It becomes a problem on Jackson Ranch Road where you just have these random people dumping. It’s a little bit tricky for us to enforce.”
+Further, most of the California Coastal Commission’s enforcement staff is based in San Francisco and works from there.
+“[Humboldt Bay Recreation and Conservation] might have some enforcement power but we’ve never tested that really,” Berman said. “It’s tricky to catch people in the act, and frankly kind of hard to, due to reasonable limitations of resources. Some of the people [at the meeting] expressed concern that even with if we could sort of catch someone in the act or identify them, Humboldt’s safety resources between the district attorney and the chair of secretary are stretched up out more serious criminal activities.”
+Identifying and dealing with the perpetrators itself is a difficulty, let alone cleaning up the already polluted area.
+“What we have been doing is basically subsidizing some of the cleanup accomplished by the community members,” Berman said. “We’ve been offering that some of these folks bring some of the waste they clean up to us and we’ve been covering the dumping fees for it.”
+There is no specific job in the different agencies dedicated to cleaning up the various dumpsites.
+“The county Public Health Department have some people to deal with illegal dumping but as far as I can tell, so far, they’re not really in the business of having actually picking other’s trash. It’s not part of their roles to actually to clean this stuff and haul it away,” Berman said.
+For now, it seems as though community members like Halstead are fulfilling that role.
+“I’m a person who has cared some and there are others have cared some and now, I don’t know how we’re going to take it to the next level,” Halstead said.
+However, due to the agencies’ lack of resources and the complexity of the pollution, a solution has yet to be found.
+“I don’t think there’s any magic or some brilliant solution we can identify that’s going to resolve the problem,” said Berman.
+Kraemer said, “There isn’t a silver bullet for this sort of thing.”
+Some Ideas
+The different agencies discussed the logistics for possible solutions, such as cameras, fences and increasing presence and patrol.
+The meeting discussed mounting a camera on a piece of stationary trash out in the slough or using the same kind of infrared cameras used to capture wildlife on film to identify the perpetrators of the pollution.
+“That kind of action is expensive,” said Kraemer. “And the possibility of the surveillance equipment being stolen of vandalized makes it not a good idea.”
+The idea of building a fence around the entire slough was also turned down.
+“I don’t think that’s any kind of solution,” Halstead said.
+A fence not only contradicts the Coastal Commission’s mission by restricting public access and visually disrupting the area, but it could also be vandalized, or simply ignored.
+“Geographically, the location makes it hard. There’s no one out there,” Laird said. “We talked about increasing the presence of people out there. The more that people pay attention the better.”
+The meeting discussed enlisting nearby businesses, like Sun Valley farms, to have their employees keep an eye out as they drive by the slough on their way to and from work or asking Humboldt State University to use the slough as a place for research and observation for wildlife classes or even for landscape painting classes.
+“It’s important to get the right kind of people out there,” said Halstead. “The more people see that the area is used and appreciated or at least watched, dumpers will hopefully be scared away in fear of getting caught.”
+Halstead has noticed that dumping encourages more dumping. “It just seems like it’s accepted that it’s a dump off now and I don’t get that. We could ask the Coast Guard to drive through every day or get the boat ramp to be built out there. Increase the presence of people who would appreciate the area.”
+What now?
+So far, the agencies have, when possible, identified and contacted the property owners who have been dumping on the slough. But larger issues with anonymous dumpers, the cleanup and the prevention of the pollution have yet to be resolved.
+“I do expect to hold the fall meeting,” Berman said. “I think it’s going to have to involve the public agencies and local citizens. I think it’s one of these things where public education and public engagement is really important to asking the community, at large, to keep an eye out and call the district when you do see trash.”
+While the different agencies sort out their abilities to address this issue, community members’ efforts keep the slough in check. Halstead and Friends of the Dune are in the planning stages of a Liscom slough clean up scheduled for July 21.
+“It’s a really unique place. You feel like you’re away and close to nature,” said Halstead. “I hope something comes of this.”
+If you acquire guidance regarding celexa generously go to Pharmacy Lookup.
+Many People are unaware about various signs of depression, which why they may be unable to recognize and treat on time. Next, you are gonna would like to take a look at for you to make sure what are the program will necessitate. During the past decades acupuncture has received increasing attention within the West. Anxiety disorder is a common mental illness affecting millions of people. Sadly, the moment we have to date many of us can't just quit your jobs along with move going back to be in a position to school since we now have homes, youngsters, individuals, along with other commitments our current jobs support people offer for. The signs of anxiety can constantly rule someone�s life and if they become serious it can be very crucial that you seek out professional help for your mental health.
+This medicine is available by generic name in form of tablets. And you'll not have to concern yourself with those pesky little plastic bags on your own front porch. Itnable to get another teaching position; however our restaurant is perking along nicely. Treatments inside future will also be in a position to address not being able to process information correctly present in individuals with compulsive-hoarding syndrome, for example attention and memory deficiencies, organization skills, and the ability to make a decision. The issue of weight gain is often postponed when medications are began -the concept being that it could possibly be better to stabilize the climate and concern yourself with potential weight increase latter. If you might be one of the using citalopram, you should make certain that you save this medication out from the reach of adolescents and the younger generation because this drugs are prohibited for utilization of children.
+These Citalopram side effects, as with any medication unwanted side effects, lots of men and women may not experience just one of unwanted effects. However, future healthcare costs could possibly be staggering and yes it's also critical to obtain settlement to assist with these expenses. low price celexa without script rhode island . Prolonged use of antidepressants frequently result in a higher drug tolerance in patients leading to increased dosages to receive the identical desired effect. Common SSRIs include Prozac (also known as Fluoxetine), Lexapro, Celexa, Paxil, Luvox and Zoloft. While certainly not an obvious choice, Cymbalta for anxiety is gaining ground for being a powerful medication for managing anxiety problems. Our ultimate test was last winter when I was interested in the unwanted effects related to Abilify.
+Study has revealed that there is really a progression from feeling depressed for the clinical illness. These hot flash scores, and the frequency multiplied by the severity, reduced in the identical period from 10. cut with dangerous livestock drug - Experts concerned: Extreme drug-resistant TB now in U. Total Transformation (a multimedia program by noted therapist, James Lehman that provides an effective, comprehensive method of improving child and teen behavior in difficult situations). Celexa shouldn't be taken at any doseages higher than 40 mgs each day. This could be the main reason why no drug has proven being more effective than some other and why antidepressants are ineffective for two thirds of sufferers.
+What did you believe when you read the title with this article. Half of such subjects received Prozac along with the other half got a placebo. Deliberately, he sets the fireplace more than once with no apparent reasons at all except to enjoy seeing the fire 2. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ' A highly trained child therapist meets with the child or teen to boost coping skills, self-esteem, emotional regulation (like anger management) and social skills. Your measure are likely to be reduced the aged the ones using hard working liver troubles.
+order celexa in internet tablet fedex south carolina
+humorap 40mg citadur price 150 mg celexa
+to buy celexa tab saturday delivery
+buy celexa overnight no prescription
+celexa duo online dose 10mg wimpern kaufen does gain weight
+typical dosage celexa
+can i buy celexa online tablets saturday shipping arizona
+buy cod celexa 20mg online wire transfer cod accepted kentucky
+low price celexa fast missouri
+thrush celexa
+switching from celexa vs prozac
+bppv celexa
+abuse of celexa online pills no script spain
+celexa online fast delivery non usa
+celexa 10mg 1order seropram online akarin order cod
+farmacia en andorra Celexa
+buy in online celexa citalopramum
+how to get celexa wire transfer
+buy canadian celexa online
+cheap celexa cipram in internet store fast thailand
+celexa bad reactions
+generic ciazil celexa in internet medicine without script thailand
+Celexa 20 mg purchase
+how to get celexa in internet check without script new jersey
+when celexa no longer works
+celexa generic capsule
+lose weight on celexa
+celexa and ance
+antabuse price at walgreens disulfiram 500mg interaction celexa benserazide
+celexa coupon without prescription mexico
+liefern Celexa rezeptfrei
+sale cheap celexa us man
+no prescription celexa in internet free shipping
+cheap celexa armagh
+generic for celexa pill
+no script celexa humorap st helens
+celexa hypertension relief bestellen losartan-hydrochlorothiazide 50mg
+low price celexa online mastercard no doctors tennessee
+price of celexa canada - low price for celexa
+get celexa 10mg in internet amex alabama
+celexa website
+anxiety acid reflux treat fuzzy celexa
+buy cod celexa online drug no rx thailand
+where to buy celexa in internet rx fast delivery mississippi
+how to buy celexa in internet discount no script idaho
+celexa vs xanax vs valium
+low price celexa anxiety tablets no doctors ohio
+generic zentius celexa
+celexa buy paypal celexa buy
+pharmacy celexa no doctors overnight
+need celexa online drugs saturday delivery michigan
+celexa ersatz kaufen
+get celexa 20mg in internet jcb fedex new mexico
+effect celexa online drug saturday delivery thailand
+ordering celexa in colorado springs
+pharmacy celexa in internet amex free shipping north dakota
+how to buy seropram celexa online pills no prescription texas
+effect celexa online mastercard no rx south carolina
+phenotil 5mg buying nu-prochlor over the counter schizophrenia celexa to treat
+how to get celexa tabs store rx
+anxiety disorder celexa otc medications other
+celexa thirsty
+buy in online celexa in internet mastercard overnight new mexico
+Celexa to buy online
+celexa liver problems
+celexa online no prescription fedex
+does celexa treat impotence disorder vivanza soft tabs kaufen riverside
+low price celexa without script rhode island
+wil celexa get you high
+buy in online celexa akarin store
+cheap celexa 40mg in internet tablet no rx mexico
+pharmacy celexa in internet tablets priority mail indiana
+want to buy celexa in internet pharmaceutical without prescription alabama
+buy Celexa online mandar a domicilio
+celexa online shop
+cheapest Celexa no script
+compare celexa and lexapro generalized anxiety disorder
+discounted celexa check overnight delivery saturday delivery
+how to buy celexa fedex diners club
+best price celexa online pills no prescription australia
+low price citrol celexa store
+online celexa wire transfer
+abuse of celexa drugs without script tennessee
+can i purchase celexa fedex kansas city
+celexa pills for sale
+too much celexa social anxiety
+cheap canada celexa
+how to get celexa online shop without prescription canada
+buying celexa cipramil in internet discount cod accepted washington
+citrol celexa paypal without script colorado
+flonase celexa blue
+celexa online tab
+best price celexa in internet jcb overnight mississippi
+buy celexa 40mg overnight delivery
+treat gastric ulcers can celexa
+celexa weeks
+to buy celepram celexa in internet ach no script missouri
+how to get zetalo celexa in internet tablets no script washington
+buy prescription Celexa 20 mg
+get celexa in internet coupon fast delivery nebraska
+buy celexa online coupon
+want to buy celexa in internet ach saturday shipping kansas
+buy celexa in internet tablet fast florida
+purchase cipramil celexa in internet tabs without script
+purchase albuterol proguanil celexa
+buy celexa zentius in internet shop fast delivery kansas
+stress drug authorized pharmacies pet store anexil celexa treat relaxation aid
+buy in online celexa cipram in internet diners club priority mail hawaii
+celexa numbness
+where to buy celexa overnight nashville
+turkey price celexa treatment espanol depression store under nyc alabama
+to buy celexa online paypal saturday delivery new hampshire
+where buy celexa - citalopram 40mg - buy cheapest celexa
+Celexa no prior script
+can i buy celexa 40mg online ach priority mail malaysia
+order celexa online - buy celexa pills - pharmacy celexa
+flexeril celexa glucosamine chondroitin
+low cost celexa 10mg internet
+in teenagers celexa
+treat hyperplasia celexa used aldactone 25mg spironolactone coming off
+celexa makes me lazy buy onnline
+celexa fast california
+can i buy seropram celexa in internet rx without script spain
+how to buy celexa online paypal without prescription hawaii
+where to buy celexa in internet tablets no prescription vermont
+5mg dostinex eiaculazione salvador farmacias celexa parkinsons disease relief
+how to buy celexa discount delivery
+celexa luna discount pills online copiapo comprar
+celexa replacement or generic?
+order celexa online pharmacy
+Celexa enviar medicamento eeuu
+success rate of celexa
+pharmacie sale celexa in iowa
+training celexa
+where to get celexa pharmaceutical amex saturday shipping
+buy next day celexa - celexa 40mg - buy celexa with no prescription
+prozac compared to celexa
+online cheap order celexa
+children celexa treat nasal allergy price fluticasone
+what is the generic of celexa in michigan
+buying celexa in internet paypal fedex germany
+effect celexa seropram in internet wire transfer
+cheap celexa in internet amex overnight kansas
+get celexa 20mg drug free shipping missouri
+com celexa pillenshop buy munich otc fairbanks kaufen klepper gebraucht
+pharmacy celexa in internet diners club fast delivery montana
+celexa from mexico without prescription
+taking celexa and vyvanse together
+switching from lyrica to celexa
+cheap celexa online wire transfer fast wisconsin
+shoppers celexa at price comparison dosage formulary pharmacy cardiff
+find cheap celexa next day no prescription
+durrax 25mg does celexa treat anxiety retail price of hydroxyzine amnesia
+Celexa a day
+celexa to quit smoking
+best price celexa antidepressants saturday delivery
+celexa fish oil
+low cost recital celexa in internet ach fedex canada
+fedex cheap celexa overnight delivery
+Buy Celexa without prescription on sale
+i want celexa in internet pills priority mail beliz
+where can i buy celexa - celexa fedex shipping - celexa prescription
+low price seropram celexa in internet visa no doctors australia
+celexa makes me lazy
+cruz verde hypnorex 400mg farmacias celexa mania relief
+pharmacy celexa in internet no rx new mexico
+buy brand celexa in internet coupon fedex maryland
+celexa cimatti sales pilula antibarriga comprar plano chronic fatigue syndrome
+losing weight on celexa cold turkey
+will celexa make me gain weight 30 pounds
+celexa free consultation fedex overnight delivery
+how to get celexa online drug without script wyoming
+to buy cipramil celexa in internet medicine priority mail nebraska
+Celexa en ligne slo phyllin
+celexa online discount saturday delivery
+no prescription celexa 40mg in internet pills no doctors south carolina
+effect celexa 40mg in internet shop overnight germany
+cheap celexa citalopram online tabs saturday shipping texas
+celexa pharmacy direct mexican pharmacy for celexa
+get zetalo celexa online rx cod accepted michigan
+celexa forum mental health
+buy brand celexa celepram in internet check saturday delivery connecticut
+where to get seropram celexa online moneygram no doctors delaware
+to buy celexa online jcb no prescription delaware
+order celexa 40mg medicine priority mail colorado
+get celexa in internet store cod accepted utah
+buy cod celexa online paypal without prescription idaho
+inviare Celexa news
+where can i buy celexa - purchase generic celexa online - buy herbal celexa
+effect celexa wire transfer western union
+purchase citrol celexa in internet ach fast tennessee
+generic drug names celexa
+medicine celexa depression
+buy in online zentius celexa in internet rx saturday shipping louisiana
+comprar celexa pastillas constellation wsj 20mg buy
+where to cheap order celexa
+to buy celexa 20mg online american express without script australia
+abuse of celexa without prescription canada
+compra farmacia comprimido Celexa generico
+need celexa online drug without script florida
+where to get celexa visa delivery fast delivery
+humorap celexa sale online
+where to get celexa 40mg free shipping maryland
+buy in online celexa no doctors germany
+how to get celexa in internet wire transfer fedex florida
+celexa online discount free shipping tennessee
+celexa used treat hysterectomy oophorectomy treatment bazaar
+effects baby celexa side
+generic celexa drug saturday shipping colorado
+can i purchase celexa 20mg online paypal cod accepted florida
+acid 5g mg celexa skin infections relief cheap 32
+celexa buy online no prescription generic
+low price citrol celexa online coupon no rx texas
+merck citalopram celexa
+buy cod celexa online western union priority mail kentucky
+cheapest celexa in uk
+alcohol celexa reaction
+children celexa treat analgesic zamadol 200mg medication anorexia pain relief
+celexa treat ringworm can brand name clotrimazole buy
+celexa euro bestellen delivery overnight creme internet acheter
+where to buy celexa in internet pharmaceutical saturday shipping thailand
+Celexa from is it safe
+drug interaction ultram celexa hosen shop
+oil cure anxiety olive psychotropics and celexa polypharmacy
+buy cod celexa 40mg in internet check cod accepted france
+- Просмотров: 3010
+Background Godaddy Web Hosting
+Siteground is among the most recommended WordPress Hosting companies. They are known for their top-notch customer support and fast reliable hosting plans. Their WordPress optimized hosting includes everything you will want to create and grow a successful blog. Read our comprehensive SiteGround review to discover whether SiteGround is the ideal host for you. In this comprehensive SiteGround review, we’ll put their promises to check. These are the places we will look into: Godaddy Web Hosting
+Performance: Speed is critical for the success of your website. How fast will your site load SiteGround?
+Reliability: Will your site be available 24/7/365 without facing any downtime?
+Customer Support: Can you count on their customer care?
+Characteristics: Do they offer all the features and tools you’ll need to construct your website?
+Pricing: How much it would cost you? Are there some SiteGround deals that can save you money?
+Bottom line: Don’t Want to read all the details? Let’s summarize it for you. We discovered SiteGround to be noticeably faster and extremely trustworthy. Their hosting plans are adaptable, and their customer support is just one of the finest in the business. That’s why we’ve selected to urge SiteGround among the greatest WordPress hosting companies. Now let’s dive into our comprehensive SiteGround review, so you can observe how we reached that conclusion and decide for yourself.
+Ready to get started with SiteGround? Click here to select your hosting plan now.
+Around SiteGround
+SiteGround was set in 2004, and since then it Has become one of the very well-known hosting firms. It’s headquartered in Sofia, Bulgaria with offices in 6 locations along with transfer your website for free (only ask their live chat).
+When reviewing SiteGround, we found their Performance quite great. Their last 10-month typical was 99.99percent and load period 714ms. We also discovered their customer service knowledgeable in WordPress associated questions. We did not like their”setup” fee for 1-month programs and slightly limited storage space. Below are the pros and cons we discovered using SiteGround shared hosting:
+Gains and Drawbacks of SiteGround
+Each hosting firm has its pros and cons. Some advantages can overshadow the disadvantages, but some cons might be complete deal breaker to your individual needs. Before making a determination, you may choose to review these SiteGround pros and cons.
+Gains
+The Main categories we examine for web host functionality include Bandwidth, rate, and support. After all — these three classes are the most crucial to your site’s success. There are also a couple different areas where web hosts may set themselves apart from the contest, like additional plan attributes, which can positively contribute to their overall rating. SiteGround has some, which we will dive into.
+- Multiple Server Locations They have information centers in three continents. You can choose the place you want during signup.
+- High Uptime (99.99percent ) rather than using ready-made software solutions, SiteGround prefers in-house made alternatives to make sure high-quality hosting expertise.
+- Their stage is constructed on Linux containers that Provide great stability in times of unexpected traffic spikes.
+- SiteGround was the first hosting provider that Introduced the account isolation technologies for customer safety.
+- They assembled their own proactive server monitoring System that monitors their own servers every 0.5 seconds and also proactively fixes any problems without human intervention, thus ensuring amazing uptime.
+Our evaluation website on SiteGround had an average Uptime of 99.99%, which is .05% greater than the 99.94% business standard and a promise from SiteGround. They only had 20 outages in the previous season (2018). That is impressive as Web Hosting Pad had 2000+ reverses.
+- Above Average Load Time (714ms). Our SiteGround test website saw an ordinary page loading times of 754ms — quicker than the 890ms typical load times we found from other internet hosts. That is really great — one of the quickest we have seen. It was VERY consistent. No spikes or slow loading times at all. Thus far, so good.
+- Highly Knowledgeable & Responsive Support
+Customer service is one area where SiteGround pays particular attention. That is no small feat, when you think that they’re processing over 1,500+ tickets, 800+ phone calls and 2,000+ conversation requests every day. More than 230 people at SiteGround are participated with client support only to ensure clients are taken care of and support is provided in three languages — English, Italian and Spanish.
+SiteGround offers support for well beyond only hosting related issues — their representatives help with CMS queries too.
+The official client survey results published by SiteGround annually reveal that their customer satisfaction rate is continually scored over 96%. (2014, 2015, 2016).
+Case in point: our experience was great. After only 13 seconds, Their friendly and educated live broker connected with us. Then, we began to familiarize her with various questions on how to do X and also how to do Y. It was such a pleasure. They are one of the only internet hosts we’ve examined to get a perfect 10 from 10 in support. Sounds too good to be true? Even after doing a background check and surveying other resources, we nevertheless couldn’t discover many negative responses about their support. Godaddy Web Hosting
+- High-Performance WordPress Hosting on All Programs
+One of the special attributes that SiteGround plans comprise (which most Other web hosts do not ) is managed WordPress hosting on all accounts. What does this mean? For all those who are outside of this loop, this usually means that someone actually manages the service for you concerning speed, safety, service, upgrades and provides enhancement tools to make your life simpler. The SiteGround platform is developed on SSD and have an in-house crafted caching tool, the SuperCacher that is essential for the loading speed of your website.
+They’re Also serious about safety by constantly tracking WordPress Related vulnerabilities and proactively shielding users with custom WAF rules. They take care of WordPress and plugin updates, make daily copies for free if a random occurrence may bring your website down. (That is surprisingly ordinary, such as when two plugins do not play nicely together and you are satisfied with the dreaded white screen of death.)
+But that’s not all. There’s also stuff for power users Too inside. Available tools include SpamAssassin and SpamExperts, IP address blocklists, Leech Protect, and hotlink protection. You can also add HackAlert Tracking (a service that checks your website daily and notifies you if it simply making it easy to pick out of 18 eCommerce applications and set up your favorite one in 1 click. They also provide multiple host locations, free CDN, PCI compliance, innovative caching solution for best site performance and fantastic clients’ experience. In terms of security, client accounts are isolated from one another with a custom server solution, which means that if a single account gets hacked others aren’t affected.
+- FREE Transfers for Existing Websites
+Just like many others, SiteGround will transfer your Existing account for free from a previous server within 24 hours. In comparison, this procedure may be compensated or may take up to 30 days along with other hosts. You just get one free expert site transport, however you won’t need to lift a finger or wait for a month to receive it. SiteGround’s support agents handle all of it. There’s also more than 1 way to move a website. The easiest way to request a website transfer would be to do so when you sign up for SiteGround. Just click”Transfer an Present website” from the Account Setup Wizard.
+You also have the option to request a website transfer throughout the Support section of your SiteGround Account. This is an wonderful feature if you decide you would like to transfer a website later. Just visit User Area ’ Service ’ Request Assistance from Our Team ’ Proceed to contact us here link. Then, click Move Website. It’s important to be aware that SiteGround can simply transfer the files and databases of one website with no email accounts and other account settings if your previous web host is not running cPanel. In addition you have the choice to transfer your website into SiteGround manually, however we recommend taking advantage of the free transfer that comes with your plan.
+- Cheap Pricing
+SiteGround provides quality hosting packed with extra features and they Are normally the cheapest option available. Currently, their rates are price might not offer a free trial of their solutions, but they do offer A 30-day money-back guarantee that’s precisely the kind of security you need if you’re trying to find a web host. This way, you will have peace of mind. You do not need to fully devote to SiteGround unless you are 100% satisfied with it on your first 30 days of use.
+Note that some conditions apply to the Host’s money back guarantee:
+You must post a service termination request through the User Area.
+Initial requests for hosting providers marketing.
+Committed and cloud hosting providers, paid service, and third-party services are not insured by the money-back guarantee.
+Reseller packages are only covered if the whole reseller package is canceled. This warranty doesn’t apply to the conclusion of single accounts within an reseller package.
+- Free CDN and SSL Certificate
+Another Fantastic advantage of using SiteGround’s service is that every plan They provide comes equipped with a free SSL certificate and CDN (content delivery network) integration. These features are a HUGE bonus! Due to the proliferation of cyber attacks and website hacks, Google has shifted certain facets of their algorithm to favor secure and encrypted websites. usually means that Cloudflare will cache the data and content from the site in their global servers and deliver that information to your audience from a nearby location. So speeding up the shipping of your content and enhancing the user experience for your customers.
+- Transparency and Community Support
+The world of web hosting and cybersecurity is rife with unethical practices And unscrupulous behaviour. Luckily, SiteGround is committed to supplying their customers with a clear and simple experience as well as a flourishing community of specialists who will help walk you through distinct challenges and troubleshooting issues. SiteGround includes an uptime monitor in the main navigation menu. They also discuss the IP address of their data centers, intentionally telling their”GoGeek” clients they have fewer accounts in their server than’Startup’ customers (a fact that many shared hosting providers prevent ). SiteGround is committed to preserving their company’s integrity and supplying you with a very clear and transparent customer encounter.
+Moreover, they possess a solid commitment to the hosting community And over the years that their team has attended, attended, or spoken at more than 400 community events. In conjunction with this high level of support they provide their customers, this illustrates a clear devotion to the web hosting community along with a company culture of charity and support. Godaddy Web Hosting
+Ready to Start with SiteGround? Click here to choose your hosting program now.
+Disadvantages
+As we mentioned earlier, there are some drawbacks With every hosting company. These are a few disadvantages of choosing SiteGround as your server.
+- Pricing – They market an obscenely low’monthly’ cost. The catch is that you frequently have to sign up for a couple of years in order to get it. Most other internet hosts do not even offer you a real’month-to-month’ option, with a 1 year deal being the shortest they’ll go. The fantastic news is that SiteGround’s pricing is simple and does not play that match. Their low advertised price is for the 12-month deal. Conclusion? Do not pay monthly.
+- They also do offer a true’monthly’ option if you would like it. AND it is the same low advertised cost. The only problem is they also bill a one-time’setup fee’ on these’month-to-month’ strategies of an extra $14.95. You won’t find out about this extra fee before the very last minute once you’re entering your credit card details. That is enough for a’hidden’ cost, which — although not a huge dollar amount — remains kinda annoying as it’s not listed anywhere else.
+- Limited Storage Space – Compared with other internet hosts, SiteGround’s storage space is a bit on the small size (which means you may want to clarify disk space if you believe it’ll be a concern). They will provide a very helpful note as to how many monthly visitors you may safely manage without experiencing any issues. If you’re just beginning, the”StartUp” program will often be more than enough. If your site grows, you can easily upgrade to a stronger server/plan that’s very likely to possess more power. With the StartUp plan, you’ll get 10 GB of web space. SiteGround recommends this plan for approximately 10,000 monthly site visitors. Should you need more, just move up to the GrowBig program. You’ll get 20 GB of web space with this strategy. If you receive around 25,000 monthly visitors, SiteGround recommends this bundle. If you want to update to the GoGeek plan, you’ll receive 30 GB of space. SiteGround recommends this plan for a web site that receives about 100,000 visitors every month.
+SiteGround Performance
+While cost often plays a significant role when Choosing a web host, you cannot compromise on performance. That is precisely why we decided to run our own tests to completely review SiteGround’s functionality.
+SiteGround Speed Test Outcomes
+Speed is among the most important functionality Metric that you should search for. A quicker website offers good user experience and boosts your SEO at exactly the exact same time. In reality, one second delay could cause 7% decrease in conversions, 11 percent fewer page views, and 16 percent drop in consumer satisfaction.
+We made a WordPress powered test site on SiteGround and stuffed site. It quickly recovered and page load time stayed steadily low even with more users. This evaluation shows that if you’re looking for a really fast site, then SiteGround can be a perfect selection for you.
+Typically, websites hosted on shared Hosting accounts slow down a bit during high traffic hours. That’s because your site Site’s content has a huge Effect on webpage load time. For example, if you have high resolution pictures on a webpage, then it’ll significantly boost the total page loading time. This means that speed test results may not accurately reflect how fast your hosting server actually is.
+Rather than analyzing page load time we Decided to check the server response time too. The server responded in part of a second at the United States. It reacted within less than a moment for all locations, except Japan. If your intended audience is largely situated in Japan, then it is possible to request SiteGround to move your website to their Asia-Pacific information center.
+SiteGround Hosting Plans and Features
+SiteGround offers shared hosting, WordPress Hosting, cloud hosting, and dedicated hosting plans. If you’re just beginning, then their shared hosting plans would be a perfect match for your needs. Nonetheless, your site will gradually grow, and you want to ensure that they have other plans that you can update to.
+Let us check out SiteGround’s hosting plans and Their attributes.
+Shared hosting: Shared hosting is recommended for new sites and beginners. It structure. It’s acceptable for growing websites, popular blogs, or businesses.
+Dedicated servers: Dedicated servers supply you with a total host for your website. It is more expensive but gives you much more power. The drawback is that you will have to deal with the machine yourself.
+Business hosting: This strategy is for big businesses and higher traffic websites with challenging host requirements. Get in touch with SiteGround staff and they’ll create a tailor-made plan to suit your requirements. Godaddy Web Hosting
+SiteGround Pricing, Hosting Plans & Quick Facts
+The StartUp plan: This plan costs $3.95 per month, can host 1 website and is acceptable for newbies that are only beginning with their website. Can handle up to 10,000 unique visits each month and has the very first level of this SuperCacher plugin allowed that is static cache, 24/7 customer service, free CDN, Let’s Encrypt SSL, Unlimited Emails & DBs, free website migration, free daily backup, etc..
+The GrowBig program : This program costs $5.95 per month plus can host multiple websites and this plan can handle up to 25,000 visits per month, a free SSL Wildcard for 1 year, 30 backup copies and complimentary revive, all 3-levels of the SuperCacher, which aids loading time tremendously, client support with priority, although SiteGround has remarkably quick response times, GrowBig and GoGeek clients are handled with priority.
+Their GoGeek strategy : This plan costs $11.95 a month which can host multiple sites and provides even more space, can manage as much instead of annually. Sad face You would be better off paying 1 year round to prevent that.
+Upsells: Couple Of… Nothing overly bad.
+Account Activation: Fast account activation.
+Control Panel and Dashboard Expertise : cPanel
+Installation of Programs and CMSs (WordPress, Joomla, etc.): Quick and easy set up of popular apps and CMSs utilizing Softaculous.
+Do We Recommend SiteGround?
+Yes, we do. SiteGround Is Ideal for People Who care Deeply about customer support, while not sacrificing quick page rates or remarkable uptime . They also offer you a bunch of additional features that might be perfect for you if eCommerce/WordPress is your goal, or in case you’d like safety to be handled by somebody else. Presently, their pricing is also on par with a number of other web hosts of lesser quality, so it is the perfect time to act and take advantage. If you want quick and dependable web hosting service with great customer support, then SiteGround is perfect for you. They have hosting plans for every budget and each plan comes with great set of features. Each of their shared hosting plans include SSD storage, easy setup of Let’s Encrypt complimentary SSL and Cloudflare CDN service, 1-click WordPress installer, and also completely free migration.
+Ready to Start with SiteGround? Click here to choose your hosting plan now. Godaddy Web Hosting
+The Publish 29,
+All the timers reset at 10PM PST daily:
+/wp mustafar -7 -1587 Ventilation Duct #1; /wp mustafar -185 -1613 Ventilation Duct #2; /wp mustafar -277 -1647 Ventilation Duct #3; /wp mustafar -502 -1600 Ventilation Duct #4;:
+/wp mustafar 136 259 Power Core #1; /wp mustafar 146 104 Power Core #2; /wp mustafar 137 660 Power Core #3;
+The fourth and final power core will be awarded to you once you have found & killed the “Salvage Bandit Chief” (roughly around /wp (/wp 301 -1224). Accept his mission to get a working terminal up at the Old Republic ship’s dig. Head out to the ship’s detatched “Bridge” (/wp 261 23). Consult the “Working Terminal” you find there, which will instruct you to find a working circuit board. Head back up the wreakage path to a “Destroyed Terminal” (/wp 210 286) and search it. The Quest changes to trying to find four further (/wp -724 507; Instanced Dungeon). This mission is timed at an hour.! Some yellow flagged drones will rush in pair from 3 locations on the Foreman and explode as soon as they contact him. For each exploding drone, the Foreman will heal some of his health. The key here is to deal more damage than it's ability to heal or to aggro the 3 pairs of drones and let them attacking you while you work on the Foreman in order to cut his heal support. This completes the quest.
+With the Kubaza Beetle Cavern completed, head back to the "Bridge," complete the discussion with the Working Terminal and move on to the Old Research Facility.
+Upon arriving at the Old Research Facility (/way 2107 3099), make sure your group is ready and head on in. The Old Research Facility is made up of three levels and has you running around completing a series of tasks to bring it "up and running." Upon entry, you have one hour to complete your work inside the facility.
+Solo Tip: If you have a droid/pet, send it against the Ancient Tulrus/Xandank. While the Tulrus/Xandank is distracted, you can run in and take the parts, and run out again. It's a lifesaver especially if you are doing this solo.
+Pulling up to the Droid Factory (/wp 3410 -997; Instanced Dungeon), be mindful of the occasionally spawning CWW Class Eradicator (CL88) that likes to wander around the front doors. There are team-based puzzles in this dungeon, so a group is essential. Radial the Droid Factory door and choose the option Decrepit Droid Factory.
+Once inside get ready for a good load of combat right off the bat. Head to Access panel to open the door, and then take out the 12 Battle Droid (CL83) guarding the bunker. Once the area is secure, station a player at each of the four terminals in the side rooms. You will need at least 4 group members for 4 terminals. 3 Data Terminals have fragments of a 6 digit code that need to be entered into the Access Controller by the fourth player. These codes are only good for 10 seconds so you need to be fast.
+Example (not actual code):
+NOTE: Code will always change, and reset after everytime it is tried or clicked on.
+10 seconds from the first player RECEIVING their part of the code the 4th player must enter the whole key of (in this example) 595572 to complete the mission. It is best to call out the sequence in group chat. The terminals do not have to be accessed in any order. If the maneuver fails, you can try it again without any negative impact. Once the sequence is in, the group receives a system message Access Granted and the door next to the Access Controller is now unlocked.". If everything's ok, the group receives a system message Access Granted and the next door is now unlocked.
+Now the next room will have two Super Battle Droid's (Boss level), kill them and go on to the lower level.
+Next big chamber has 8 Battle Droid's, and their leader in the center of the room, the Colonel OR-5. Take him out as quick as you can then kill all the others. Then go into the side rooms, and click the access terminals to go on. Now the next room will have two more Super Battle Droid's (Boss level), kill them and go on.
+The ramp here will have a CWW8 Combat Droid (Boss level), kill it, next room will have 6 Battle Droid's and another CWW8 Combat Droid (Boss level). Go on to the next bridge, take out 2 Super Battle Droid's (Boss level) and a patrolling Blastromech on your way until you reach the last room with a Power Generator and 4 Super Battle Droid's (Boss level) inside. Take them out and have someone switch the Power Generator on. The Factory Guardian (Boss level) will spawn back on the catwalk. Kill him to receive a Badge. The small room near the Factory Guardian spawn location can now be accessed. Enter it and use the Access Terminal to Activate Factory then use the same terminal to Leave Dungeon. Mission Complete!
+Travel back to the Old Research Facility (/wp 2107 3099). Once you pull up by the front door, a screen will pop-up to reveal who the TRUE enemy is, and you receive a quest update. Go back to the Mining Facility and report your findings to Milo Mensix (/wp 301 -1224). He will send you to meet with Scout Olon Lono (/wp 3430 -3130), over the Koseyet Bridge. When ready, speak to the NPC to be sent to the Koseyet Mining Camp (Instanced Dungeon)." If you tell them to "Stop", then "Follow Me" again they will run instead of walk. Once deployed you can't move them again. There are also some Pack of Demolition Charges on the ground you can pick up and use if you wish; charges placed by a commando will do more damage.
+The droid army attacks soon, and is made up of (approximately):
+This is a rather straightforward battle, but bear in mind that the mining camps and generators must be protected. If the generators are destroyed, the group receives a heavy debuff for a rather long duration. If the camps are destroyed, the mission is failed. Once all the army is vanquished, the mission updates and the quest is complete.
+You also receive a nice buff lasting either 20 minutes from the death of Forward Commander Mk. I or 1 hour when you get the onscreen message of successful mission.
+High Morale Victory is eminent, the day is yours Increase damage dealt by 100.00 points Increase chance to dodge by 10.00% Luck modified by 200.00 points
+This mission is a return to the Droid Factory (/wp 3410 -997), with a big difference: this time, it is stocked with operational droid soldiers. and a series of puzzle/boss battles. The mission is timed, so keep moving.
+Travel to the Droid Factory and use the access terminal and you will receive a data disk in your inventory with several entries, go through them to find the access code (37323). Enter the code using the blast door terminal (smaller one on the left), and it will update your journal to the shut-down of the Droid Factory. Once inside the Droid Factory there will be only two droids on the main level:
+Theory 1:
+You have to kill both HK-58 Aurek & HK-58 Besh within a few seconds (15) of each other and hit the terminal, before they respawn, to gain access to the next part of the Droid Factory. A NEW CHANGE: Should the two get too great of a disparity in health, the system will announce the disparity and then both droids will gain a buff to their damage. If you see the disparity message, figure out immediately which of the two groups is DPS'ing too fast and reduce your DPS output... This will help tremendously! There is also a wandering observer droid, as it passes the rooms of Aurek and Besh, it will turn to look at them, if it sees that they are damaged, it will unleash a massive explosion. This explosion makes everyone take 8K damage from everyone else in the room, so if you are 3 people in the room everyone takes 24K damage. To prevent this, make sure it's view into the 2 rooms are blocked by having a group member stand in the doorway so the droid loses LoS. Blocking the doors with a couple Droidekas seems to work nicely also. Dump them in the doorway and tell them to stay.
+Theory 2:
+It doesn't matter about the moving droid or the door. All that matters is the droids taking similar damage. Two messages will appear, one will state that: "The droid gains power as the link is lost with its twin". This message means that the difference in health is too important and has to equalize again. Whoever's droid has more health has to 'catch up with the damage' to the other. If you don't do this, you will get a DEBUFF ICON this will mean you will soon be hit with an attack. If this is the case, medics must be ready with heals and Blood cleansers (use on the main Damage dealer). Once the health equalizes, a message should appear onscreen: "The Unstable variance has ended". This means everyone is able to attack the droids again. The droids still have to be killed within 15 seconds of each other.
+Once past HK-58 Aurek and HK-58 Besh you must continue into a room with a large machine called the Inhibitor storage unit. You will notice that it is "offline" down in the next room is the Devastator Droid. Devastator Droid is invincible, but you have to aggro it to allow the inhbitor unit to come online again. Keep a group member up in the room with the inhibitor storage unit so that when your group member has aggroed the Devastator Droid they can use the inhibitor and run down whilst the Devastator Droid is still in combat. Be aware that if your group member incaps, die or leaves the room you will lose the rod you need (which never appears as an actual item), and the Devastator Droid will reset.
+Once you have the rod and are in the room with the Devastator Droid, use the machine at the back of the room. Once that is done the Devastator Droid's shield will falter and you will have approximately 30 seconds before it starts up again. Multiple runs to the storage unit will be needed. Then once Devastator Droid Droid Engineer must be killed, but his continuous production of droids will jump on your group from 2 different doors. Once the Master Droid Engineer is dead, you'll have to take down Fixer One, then you can move on to through the room where you will fight the Doom Bringer (CL80) and the Hands of Doom (CL80).
+Theory 1:
+Two groupmates will have to go back to the Master Droid Engineer room, and will try to activate the Doom Bringer machinery. Both groupmates have to step, at the exact same time, on devices similar to those you usually store your cloning data in, and quickly click on it. When the maneuver is successfully performed, the Doom Bringer minions will activate in the last room.
+Theory 2:
+The next part activates when someone enters the room towards the exit of the droid factory. Once triggered, an explosion and onscreen message should occur and the next part will activate.
+During the ensuing battle, the reactive nuclear material in the room will also be damageable, and if it is destroyed your entire group will die and you will fail the mission. No AoEs/CoEs in this room or you'll end up blowing up the radioactives in the center.
+The Hands of Doom will be attackable in sequences. The group will have to attack whoever wears the name of Doom Bringer, because those labelled as Hands of Doom will be invicible. Track the name change and focus on the good target until they're all down. The lesser hands of dooms/doombringers will start to attack the radioactive when they become attackable, therefore you need to keep an eye out and pull them into the adjoining room.
+A possible method to do this is to lead all the team in to the adjoining room where the large Doombringer droid is. In this room you are able to use Heavy weapons and AOE attacks, however you have to pull the lesser Hands of Doom and Doombringers to you (make sure someone who DOESN'T have a heavy weapon does this).
+Finally, the real Doom Bringer will activate in the backroom. He's alone and unguarded. When it is destroyed, your mission is complete and you receive your badge.
+This stage consists of 6 trials, ending in the destruction of HK-47. Go speak with Master Pilot Menddle in the Mensix Mining Facility (/wp 417 -1316). Menddle will take you to the Crater of the Volcano, to fight HK-47 himself, and to end his threat to Mustafar. You will fight five boss's before you get to HK-47, and each of them has unique loot items.
+Hint: It and Warmly Glowing Pill Box
+Use the same tactic on AK-Prime as with the HK-Taskmaster. AK-Prime uses an area of effect missile volley, a 30m area fire spray, and a 65m cone fire spray. If melee combatants stay close to AK-Prime he will not use the missiles or fire spray so close to himself.
+Possible Loot: AK-Prime Rifle, AK-Prime Rocket Launcher and Warmly Glowing Scroll
+When attacked, the CY-M Prototype will summon eight enthralled kubaza beetles to defend him. Ignore them and concentrate on the CY-M Prototype. CY-M has a full complement of Force Powers, such as Force Lightning and Force Choke.
+Possible Loot: CY-M Carbine, CY-M Ink Rifle, CY-M Sword, Jedi Master Cloak and Warmly Glowing Crystal
+A good tactic is too run past the boss to the other side before attacking him. When attacked the Oppressor summons six GK-14 Defenders, and after a few minutes also summons six GK-18 Sentinels for defense. Concentrate on killing the GK Oppressor - once it is down, move away and loose aggro with the summoned defenders.
+Possible Loot: Oppressor Flame Thrower, Oppressor Pistol, Oppressor Obsidian Polearm and Warmly Glowing Splinters
+HK-47 has all the skills of the all the previous bosses, plus several of his own. This fight takes place in waves. First, you must face ten HK-77 assault droid's and four HK-77 squad leaders, with HK-47 in the rear. Kill the HK-77 assault droids and the HK-77 squad leaders first, and then attack HK-47.
+HK-47 will summon to his defense:.
+Random Loot: HK-47 Carbine, HK-47 Disruptor, HK-47 Lance, HK-47 Sword, Anti-Mobility Dampening Device, HK-47 Tulrus Sword, One-Handed Old Republic Lightsaber Schematic and Warmly Glowing Engine Component
+Guaranteed Loot: Warmly Glowing Reactive Antidote and YT-2400 Ship Deed (NO TRADE) recieve!
+CLEARWATER, Fla. — Michael Drejka’s trial in the deadly shooting of Markeis McGlockton starts Monday.
+Here's a look at the events that have unfolded since the July 19, 2018, shooting outside the Circle A Food Store in Clearwater:
+Aug. 9, 2019: The state will be able to show part of the surveillance video of the deadly shooting in slow motion.
+Prosecutors agreed not to show any footage of Markeis McGlockton falling in front of his 5-year-old son, who was in the car at the time, with or near the father while McGlockton was dying. In return, the defense agreed to admit McGlockton was not armed.
+July 19, 2019: This date marked one year since the deadly shooting. Markeis McGlockton’s family members have done what they can to keep his memory and the case in the public eye.
+June 27, 2019: The Florida Supreme Court revoked the law license of Lysa Clifton, who is accused of soliciting alleged Clearwater parking lot shooter Drejka while he was sitting in jail.
+Clifton agreed to give up her license to practice law, and her membership in the Florida Bar was nullified.
+June 7, 2019: Lawyers for Michael Drejka said they would not use a "stand your ground" immunity argument to try to avoid prosecution.
+April 26, 2019: A Pinellas County judge ruled a previous confrontation involving Michael Drejka and another man over the same disabled parking space outside the same food store will be admissible in trial.
+March 12, 2019: John Trevena, the lawyer who represents Michael Drejka, was arrested. Trevena was charged with domestic violence. An arrest affidavit claimed Trevena hit his ex-wife, shoved her to the ground and kicked her after showing up at her apartment. That charge was later dropped.
+Feb. 22, 2019: Lab results showed Markeis McGlockton had the drug ecstasy in his bloodstream when he was shot and killed by Michael Drejka.
+Lawyers for Drejka plan to make that part of their defense.
+Jan. 11, 2019: Michael Drejka’s lawyers argued there are too many addresses he has been ordered to stay away from since bonding out of jail.
+A judge ruled Drejka must stay away from locations that would put him near McGlockton’s girlfriend Britany Jacobs and her children.
+Drejka’s GPS ankle monitor was updated to reflect the judge’s decision.
+Jan. 4, 2019: A Pinellas County Sheriff’s Office detective was fired after law enforcement said he showed up to a homicide investigation under the influence of alcohol.
+Investigators said George D. Moffett Jr. was off duty when he responded to a deadly shooting on Gandy Boulevard in St. Petersburg in an unmarked Pinellas County Sheriff’s Office vehicle.
+According to a court document, he was the lead detective on the Michael Drejka case.
+Meanwhile, Lysa Clifton – one of Drejka's former defense lawyers – was involuntarily taken into custody under the Florida Mental Health Act, more commonly known as the Baker Act.
+Dec. 21, 2018: Five months after Michael Drejka shot and killed Markeis McGlockton, 10News learned Jacobs was pregnant.
+Jacobs has since given to birth to the child, her and McGlockton’s fourth.
+Dec. 14, 2018: A judge set Michael Drejka’s trial date for Aug. 19, 2019.
+Nov. 6, 2018: Lysa Clifton was charged with driving under the influence.
+Oct. 19, 2018: A judge granted a motion to remove Lysa Clifton as one of Michael Drejka’s lawyers.
+According to the affidavit from Oct. 15, Drejka said he received "an unsolicited personal visit by Clifton" after his first appearance in court on Aug. 14.
+Sept. 26, 2018: Video from the Pinellas County Sheriff's Office of the interrogation of Michael Drejka shows him talking about the deadly shooting of Markeis McGlockton.
+In the recording, Drejka says McGlockton was stepping toward him when he fired, a statement that is contradicted by autopsy and investigative documents.
+Sept. 25, 2018: Documents support prosecutors' previous claim that Markeis McGlockton was backing up and turning away from Michael Drejka when Drejka shot him outside a Clearwater convenience store.
+Sept. 24, 2018: Michael Drejka bonded out of jail.
+Drejka posted 10 percent of his $100,000 bond, sources told 10News.
+Sept. 18, 2018: The wife of Michael Drejka spoke publicly for the first time since her husband was charged with manslaughter.
+In an exclusive interview with 10News, Drejka's wife expressed her love for her husband and a feeling of helplessness as she grapples with the reality her husband is behind bars.
+Aug. 31, 2018: The man at the center of the Clearwater shooting that sparked a nationwide debate over Florida’s "stand your ground" law spoke with 10News.
+From jail, Michael Drejka sat down with 10News for his first interview.
+Aug. 23, 2018: A judge has refused to lower the bond for Michael Drejka.
+The attorneys for Drejka had filed a motion to reduce his bond. However, Judge Joseph Bulone ruled $100,000 was a reasonable bond considering the facts of the case.
+Bulone made a point to tell those in the court that it was not a "stand your ground" hearing.
+Aug. 17, 2018: Michael Drejka formally pleaded not guilty to manslaughter, according to court records.
+Records show Drejka has waived his right to an arraignment hearing and entered a not guilty plea.
+Aug. 16, 2018: The Florida Bar opened a solicitation investigation into Lysa Clifton, who is one of three lawyers representing Michael Drejka.
+Public logs showed Clifton went to visit Drejka at the Pinellas County Jail, where she said he agreed to have her represent him.
+Bar rules prohibit lawyers from soliciting clients with whom they do not have prior relationships -- at least unless certain conditions are met.
+“At this point, I have not received a complaint," Clifton said in response. "But, just like alleged criminals have attorneys, attorneys have attorneys. So, I’m not afraid of any accusations to come because I didn’t violate any ethical rules.”
+Aug. 15, 2018: Three lawyers will represent Michael Drejka: Lysa Clifton, John Trevena and Bryant Camareno.
+Aug. 14, 2018: Michael Drejka made his first court appearance via video conference.
+The judge ordered that, if Drejka decided to bond out of jail, he cannot have any contact with McGlockton's family.
+Aug. 13, 2018: The State Attorney has finished a review of the deadly Clearwater shooting and decided to charge Michael Drejka with manslaughter.
+Detectives arrested Drejka on a warrant on Monday, Aug. 13..
+Aug. 8, 2018: Faith leaders and Markeis McGlockton’s family rallied in Tallahassee and said their reason was that the "stand your ground" law had a negative impact on the poor and on minorities.
+Several state leaders – including Tallahassee Mayor Andrew Gillum – marched to Gov. Rick Scott’s Office at the Capitol and attempted to get an audience with the governor or senior administration officials. Scott was in Colombia.
+Aug. 7, 2018: Democratic state lawmakers asked the 160 members of the Florida Legislature to say whether they wanted to hold a special session to consider amending or repealing the state's "stand your ground" law.
+Secretary of State Ken Detzner officially polled legislators, according to State Rep. Kionne McGhee.
+A "yes" vote by three-fifths of the Legislature would have resulted in a special session. Republicans rejected a similar request in 2013.
+Pinellas County commissioners unanimously passed a resolution asking state lawmakers to clarify and even consider changing parts of the "stand your ground" law.
+Aug. 6, 2018: Pinellas County Sheriff Bob Gualtieri dismissed Rev. Al Sharpton's appearance at St. John Primitive Baptist Church in Clearwater.
+"It's just a bunch of rhetoric," Gualtieri said. "I didn't pay much attention to it to tell you the truth. I wasn't there, and don't really care what Al Sharpton has to say. Go back to New York. Mind your own business."
+Aug. 5, 2018: Rev. Al Sharpton led a rally at the St. John Primitive Baptist Church in Clearwater. The rally called for justice in McGlockton's shooting death.
+Sharpton said to Pinellas County Sheriff Bob Gualtieri, "Lock up shooter Michael Drejka or give up your badge."
+Florida's Democratic gubernatorial candidates also spoke at the rally, which included former U.S. Rep. Gwen Graham, former Miami Beach Mayor Philip Levine, Winter Park businessman Chris King, Palm Beach billionaire Jeff Greene & Tallahassee Mayor Andrew Gillum.
+Aug. 1, 2018: The Pinellas-Pasco State Attorney's Office received the case of a fatal shooting outside a Clearwater convenience store that has become the center of controversy over Florida's "stand your ground" law.
+July 31, 2018: Pinellas County Sheriff Bob Gualtieri again cited the state's "stand your ground" law for why law enforcement couldn't arrest Michael Drejka.
+He said the sheriff's office was in the process of turning the case over to the state attorney's office.
+Two groups set to join Gualtieri, the NAACP and the Upper Pinellas County Ministerial Alliance, bowed out of the news conference at the last minute.
+July 30, 2018: Jesse Jackson’s Rainbow PUSH Coalition vowed to take its fight to the polls, vowing to only vote for candidates in November planning to repeal Florida’s controversial law.
+July 29, 2018: Prominent civil rights leader Al Sharpton announced he plans to rally for Markeis McGlockton.
+July 28, 2018: Friends and family gathered at Shiloh Missionary Baptist Church in Largo to remember Markeis McGlockton.
+Watch: Markeis McGlockton laid to rest
+July 26, 2018: Civil rights attorney Ben Crump was hired to represent Markeis McGlockton's family in the Clearwater deadly shooting case. Crump represented the family of Trayvon Martin, the Sanford teenager shot and killed in 2012 by George Zimmerman.
+Crump called on Florida Attorney General Bernie McCabe for "simple justice" for McGlockton's family.
+July 25, 2018: Crump announced he would represent Markeis McGlockton's girlfriend, Britany Jacobs. She was McGlockton's girlfriend for nine years.
+Rep. Ben Diamond, D-St. Petersburg, said he's pushing for changes to Florida's "stand your ground" law.
+While he wouldn't go so far to say he'd pursue a full repeal of the controversial law, Diamond said he would like to undo changes made to the law in 2017.
+Two former state representatives from the Tampa Bay area said they didn't imagine the law would be a consideration of law enforcement in the deadly Clearwater shooting when they voted for it in 2005.
+July 24, 2018: The family of Markeis McGlockton said he was a good son and father.
+July 23, 2018: Michael Drejka is also apparently no stranger to confrontation at the same Circle A convenience store, according to the store's owner.
+The owner said Drejka and McGlockton were regular customers.
+July 22, 2018: Protesters gathered at the Circle A store on Sunset Point in Clearwater to express their frustration about how the Pinellas County Sheriff’s Office handled the case.
+July 20, 2018: The Pinellas County Sheriff's Office released video of the argument between Michael Drejka and Markeis McGlockton over a parking spot outside of a Clearwater Circle A convenience store.
+It shows within four seconds of being pushed to the ground, Drejka fires.
+Watch raw video: Pinellas County Sheriff's Office releases surveillance video of convenience store shooting
+July 19, 2018: Michael Drejka shot and killed Markeis McGlockton in an argument over a parking spot. Pinellas County Sheriff Bob Gualtieri didn’t arrest Drejka, citing Florida’s “stand your ground” law.
+What other people are reading right now:
+- Dale Earnhardt Jr. aboard plane that ran off runway and caught fire
+- He awoke to the sound of breaking glass. Then he shot and killed the person who broke in
+- ‘Born out of wedlock’ policy used to deny 1-year-old citizenship because her parents are gay
+- Woman promised her twins to couple, then backed out, deputies say
+- Oldest woman in America celebrates 115th birthday
+►Make it easy to keep up-to-date with more stories like this. Download the 10News app now.
+Have a news tip? Email desk@wtsp.com, or visit our Facebook page or Twitter feed.
+Robert Wise is, first and foremost, a storyteller. Growing up as a child adopted from a Jewish family that knew the Nazi Concentration Camps Robert was always intrigued by stories of injustice..
+Poke around, read some great blogs on the Middle East.
+Please leave your comments as I would love to interact with you all.
+Best.
+Robert
+10 responses to “Welcome To Wise on the Middle East.”
+Robert, I just found you on Facebook to my delight. Several years ago I spoke with you on the phone regarding a Devine revelation I received as I was awoken from my sleep. I was on a renewed quest to find my faith agaiin and spiritual heritage that I had left behind in my youth. The message (the revelation) I received form the Lord was a simple and profound one: “READ ROBERT WISE”. Well, I had never heard of you or even if you had written something. Now my quest led me to some investigating after an “audible voice” commanded me to search you out. There was no Internet back then, so I went to a bookstore in the mall and requested they look up an author by the name Robert Wise. To my astonishment the clerk pulled up a list of books you had written and the latest was the series “People of the Covenant”. I had absolutely no idea what I was about to read or the adventure I was about to embark but I was so excited that the Lord had spoken to me and actually told me what I was to do. I remember feeling so humbled and blessed that he chose me to tell this story to. What would it all mean and where would it take me. Now I knew I was on a Devine mission but for what? To make a very long story short, I devoured the books and that series changed my life forever. The Lord gave me a “heart for the Jewish people” and because of that I’ve not stopped questing for more and more. Because of your gifts of knowledge, wisdom, and writing skills and a Devine message of obedience given to me, I have been challenged and tested, and proved to be a lover and supporter of GOD’s chosen people and the land of Israel. Thank you for the most exciting journey of a lifetime. Cheril
+Cheril: I’m a little late in responding (3 hrs.) but I am so grateful for you thoughts. You have blessed me! Thank you.
+Robert L. Wise
+Dr. Wise, Several weeks later members of the Genesis class are still discussing your presentation. It was a big hit. You answered questions for a lot of us and kept the class mesmerized with your breath of knowledge. Everyone would like to have you back again. Many thanks for taking the time with us and peace to you on your upcoming journey to the middle east.
+Genesis Class
+John, Forgive my delay please . Been out of the country. You probably know that I work with the Pope now and that has kept me busy. Be delighted to speak to your class again.
+Robert L. Wise
+Robert,
+keep writing…I am still one of your great fans… You are the greatest teacher . I was healed when you and MAX laid hands on me,
+Love to you,, Be blessed, my dear friend,
+ANN PATTON
+Ann, Wonderful to hear from you. Bless you. Forgive my delay. I’m out of the country alot — guess you know I work with the Pope these days.
+Thanks again for the affirmation.
+Robert L Wise
+UNCLE VERNON AND “RED WING”
+October 24, 2013
+I had an uncle, Vernon Cox. He lived with my grandparents and I in a little stucco house on East Harris St. in San Angelo, Texas. This was in 1944. I was a bit of an orphan whose parents had another life to live and left me with my grandparents to raise me.
+Uncle Vernon loved me. He brought me gifts from old Mexico, a little red apron which hangs on the wall of my daughter’s home even now. A gaily painted clay bank in the shape of a bull that I called, Ferdinand, and even held onto the broken pieces of that bull for many years.
+Sometime in early 1944, Uncle Vernon, at age 35, was called into service for WWII. He left our little home to go for training and eventually went from England into France and Belgium to enter the battle itself. He went missing in action on Nov. 18, 1944. It was sometime before we learned he had been killed when stepping on a land mine and his body was buried at a National Cemetery near Liege, Belgium. This was after many hours of waiting out at Goodfellow Air Force Base in our town in hard chairs in the hallway sitting with Granny and Papaw while they tried to learned what had happened to him. They learned very little.
+At age 3 years and 8 months, I was with them through this very intense time of suffering and grief. As a little girl, I know I must have missed my Uncle Vernon who loved me and had lived with us. I know now that the heaviness of that time with such suffering and grief, must have affected me as well.
+Now, in October of 2013, 69 years later, I checked out a book from the local library, a historical novel on WWII. The book was titled “Twilight of Courage” by a couple named Bodie and Brock Thoene. I had not read anything by them previously, but somehow decided I wanted to read something about the 1940 era. Within minutes this book made a huge impact on my life.
+It began to describe a true battle in Germany and how horrific this particular battle was and how many lives were lost. The name Liege, Belgium was mentioned and it struck a chord of memory in me. I wondered if this might be the time or battle my Uncle Vernon as involved in as the dates and description seemed to coincide with what little I knew of his death.
+Immediately, I got up and dug through an old box of letters that my grandparents had received from both my Uncle Vernon on his way to war and my own father, who was in training for navy service in Gulfport, Mississippi. In each of the few letters from Uncle Vernon, he ended each one with saying, “Kiss Clarice for me”. In contrast, my father’s letters only mentioned me once and I began to realize who loved me.
+When I was about thirteen or fourteen, I heard an old man, Mr. Moses, grandfather of my good friend, Donnell, play a song on his fiddle called “Red Wing”. I fell in love with the melody and words of this sad song about an Indian maiden who lost her love when he went to war and how she grieved for him. For the rest of my life, I have requested “Red Wing’ from old fiddle or harmonica musicians at musical events, even dance halls. It became a known fact about me, that I loved “Red Wing” so much that when I walked into one of these events, Donnell’s uncle, Coy Moses, who had learned “Red Wing’ from his father, would play it for me when he saw that I was there. I even made the foolish statement to God saying if I ever married again, I wanted it to be to a man who could appreciate “Red Wing” with me. (I’ve met several now over the last sixty years, but didn’t marry any of them.)
+Back to the book: I couldn’t read far in “Twilight of Courage” without running to the computer and googling WWII battles.
+What I found out was truly amazing. There was a fierce battle fought in the Hurtgen Forest just inside border of West Germany during the time period of Nov. 16, l944 through about Dec. 1 st . Many men died in this dense forest due to land mines and other hidden missles. Most of them were new recruits and this was their first actual battle. In reading my grandparents letters, my father had written them to try to help them find information about my Uncle Vernon. He told them that Uncle Vernon was in Company “C” of the 4 th Infantry Division. By googling this knowledge, I discovered that this division had been in that particular battle. I now believe from what I read in Uncle Vernon’s letters that he left England either in August or Sept. (letters were censored then as to times and some places) to head to Germany. It’s possible he came in through France and he mentioned seeing the beaches of Dunkirk and how strongly he felt the sufferings there. I believe he came on through Belgium and was in his company in the battle of the Hurtgen Forest. My grandparents would have given so much to have had this information, where and how he died, and now after 69 years, I stumbled onto it just because a book stirred my memory. I found quite a bit about this battle on the internet and along with knowing where and how my Uncle died, I learned a small bit of trivia. The company he was in “Ivy” they were called, had to have new code names for this battle so they used for their code word “Red Wing”. Is it possible that an older country boy from West Texas suggested that code name? Even if not, it still is the Code Name under which my uncle died serving his country.
+Tonight I looked up the words to “Red Wing”. She loved her warrior bold, that Indian maid of old. The second verse ends with “When all the braves returned,
+The heart of Red Wing yearned,
+Far far away her warrior gay,
+Fell bravely in the fray.”
+I have lived under a shadow of depression since I was a very young girl. Could it be that I missed my uncle who loved me and that I suffered along with his parents during a time of great heaviness and grief that left it’s impression on me for a very long time?
+Now, after 69 years, I have grieved and wept over the loss of this precious uncle who loved me and I have grieved over the lives of hundreds of thousands who fell in battle that the evil reigns be destroyed. I am recognizing the sufferings and terrible losses of life because of such evil. I am beginning to appreciate those who gave their lives that we might be free.
+I am thankful my Uncle, Vernon Cox, was one of these. I’ve missed him without realizing it for nearly 70 years. I have now grieved his death and our loss along with the greater grief and suffering that wars bring. Even now, being able to grieve and knowing why, is setting me free from years of sadness I did not understand.
+I hope someday in this life, to be able to stand over his grave in Liege, Belgium, to honor his life along with many others.
+I thank God, our Father, who in my own life has allowed music and books to trigger memories and teach truth to me. God is so Good
+Sorry I did not get to meet you at Van’s service. My husband Bill worked with Van at OU Health Science Center. We are and were very fond of Ellen and Van. Thank you for the lovely service at St Luke’s. The church I grew up in.
+Ann Hayes is a dear friend too.
+I’ve also enjoyed reading a couple of your books. Be blessed, Dana
+Robert,
+I left you a couple of messages on FB. Hope you got them. Thank you for your wonderful letter. Always your friend,
+Nonie
+I have always been blessed by your teachings! Miss you! 🙂
+Judy and Irmon
+Colonial Brazilian life was all about producing sugar at sugar mills. They tried to bring in the local people as workers, but the were met with a great deal of resistance. Disease also raged through, wiping out populations. This made them look elsewhere; the Africans. The slave labor began in 1530’s but took hold in the 1580’s.
+Important: They were the first colony to enslave Africans, prompting other colonies to follow suit in the slave trade.
+Divided world along north-south line. Signed by Spain and Portugal. Spain could claim any land west of the line, Portugal any land east.
+Important: Kept the two from competing, as they couldn't go over the boundary line. A tactic for gaining and conquering land.
+Started with an expedition looking for gold lead by Hernan Cortes. He saw the impressive city of Tenochtitlan, and attacked. The Spanish technology gave them a distinct advantage over the Aztecs.
+Important: Shows Europe's greed for gold, and what an advantage the Europeans had over the natives. Also, ends Aztec civilization.
+Started as a religious conflict, and ended more politically. Began after Holy roman Emperor tried to force the Bohemians to return to the church. Other people entered (Spanish, French, Dutch, German, Swedish, Danish, Polish, Bohemian and Russian).
+Important: Brought about Peace of Westphalia, recognizing independent states, not bound by one religion.
+It marks the end of the Thirty Years' War. Laid the foundations for independent competing states. They saw each other as sovereign and equal. They could also organize their own affairs.
+Important: Ended the war. Gave political and diplomatic affairs to states. The religious unity disappeared, and sovereign states emerged.
+It was a global conflict over commercial rivalries and different political views.
+Europe: Britain and Prussia vs. France, Austria and Russia
+India: British vs. French w/ local rulers for Indian Ocean.
+Caribbean: Spain and France vs British expansion in West
+North America: British vs. France to out do each other.
+Important: Made Britain the imperial power for the next 150 years.
+British ships came to Australia carrying 1000 passangers, 800 of them convicts. They established the first settlement in Australia as a penal colony.
+Important: This was the start to colonization in Australia. It came after seaman James Cook charted the eastern coast in 1770. There was initially no interest, but after that initial settlement, people began coming over, connecting Europe with Australia.
+Great Britain followed the example of Denmark, after they abolished slavery in 1803.
+Important: This demonstrated the change in economy. It was less expensive to keep low wage workers than to import slaves. Slaves had to be taken care of, while the workers took care of themselves. It was a change in the world economy. As other colonies changed, African economies suffered too due to the lack of a once popular export.
+Dias sailed from Portugal, down the coast of Africa, around the Cape of Good Hope and into the Indian Ocean.
+Important: Proved it was possible to sail from Europe to the Indian Ocean. Europe could then trade with Asia rather than through Muslim mediators. It was also the beginning of European Imperialism in Asia.
+Sent by Queen Isabela and King Ferdinand of Spain. He came searching for a quicker pass to Asia, but accidentally found the Americas. His geography was off as he didn't know the Americas existed. He is important because this initial introduction brought more explorers over, leading for eventual colonization. His writings of the indigenous people led people to believe they were silly beasts who needed to be saved.
+Spread Christianity and increase Portugal's influence on the seas. Encouraged Portuguese to go into the Atlantic.
+Important: The venturing into the Atlantic lead to the discovery of islands, which they colonized. They started sugarcane there, starting their industry.
+Was a monk supporting the church, but saw the wrongdoings and decided to go against the church. He attacked the selling of indulgences and other abuses caused by the church. He worked for a reform, translation of the Bible, ane end to priest authority.
+Important: Luther can be credited for getting the ball rolling in reformation. He gained a great deal of followers, causing the church to eventually reform. His movement also lead to the split of sects.
+French lawyer who created a strict Protestant Community in Switzerland. Here, they practice strict morality and discipline. Wrote an influential work titled "Institutes of the Christian Religion", which gave people an organized and easy to understand version of the Protestant teachings.
+Important: Calvinism ideas spread through France, England Scotland, Hungary and the Netherlands. His very influential work gave people an idea of the Protestant religion, making it easy to understand, which encouraged conversions.
+Italian scientist who showed the sky wasn't perfect, but instead constantly changing, contrast to previous ideas. He used the telescope, looked up at the sky and recorded his observations. He saw sun spots and mountains on the moon, disproving the theory that all heavenly bodies were smooth and unchanging. He also gave a better understand of how things work under the influence of gravity.
+Important: Brought science into the picture. He disproved the origin theory that heavenly beings are perfect, and showed the world is constantly changing.
+English philosopher, ho searched for the natural laws of politics. He worked towards constitutional government here people have a say, rather than absolute monarchies.
+Important: This changed the thinking of many people, as society gravitated away from absolute monarchies. Constitutional governments gave people a voice and opinion in the way their government was run.
+Founded by St. Ingatius Loyola. They looked for extending the boundaries of the reformed Catholic church.
+Important: Loyola made all members partake in an advanced education, learning theology, philosphy, languages, history, literature and science. They made successful missionaries, keeping the Roman church alive.
+Made up of bishops, cardinals and church officials to address doctrine and reform. The drew their insipiration from the St. Thomas Aquainas, and defined the Roman Catholic beliefs in detail. They also recognized the Roman Church had abused many people, and tried to reform the church. They demanded other church officials observe standards of morality, and required education for future priests to stop further abuse.
+Important: Helped define Catholic reformation and further the goals of the reform.
+Military governors who ruled Japan. Received political rights and land for military service. The shogun ruled s a stand in for the Japanese emperor.
+Important: Shows how important military is. Also, military service could enable one to move up in society.
+He considered himself the "Warrior Sultan". Under his administration, the city of Constantinople was captured, renamed Istanbul and made the new capital. It turned into a big commercial center, as it was the center of where Asia and Europe connected.
+Important: Captured Istanbul, making them successful commercially, and seen as a new power. He also set the foundations for a central absolute monarchy.
+Conquered surrounding areas and created a single empire. He brought trading cities Timbuktu and Jenne under the Songhay control and dominated Niger valley. He created an elaborate military and imperial navy.
+Important :Brought about prosperous trade and power. Controlled a good part of Africa.
+Under his administration, the Ottomans' Imperialism reached it's high point. They expanded into SW Asia and Europe. They also became a major naval power, commanding the Black and Aegean Seas, and the acquired Mamluk (Egypt) navy.
+Important: A great deal of expansion, and seen as a naval power.
+Built up the Mughal Empire, centralizing the administration, and strenghtening the military. He was tough and just, but also interested in religion and philosophy. He instituted a religious toleration policy.
+Important: His reign brought a loose empire together into a tight centralized rule. It was what the Mughal Empire needed in order to get started. His act of religious toleration also kept those tensions at bay for the most part.
+One of last Ming Emperors. Would not meet with government officials and would instead satisfy his own needs.
+Important: Shows the corruption of the government at this time.
+Connected Asia and Europe and controlled the Black and Mediterranean Seas. They were powerful and had good trading centers along the Seas, Istanbul being one of the biggest.
+Important: Had control of both regions of the world. Used the Silk Road, as the end ended in Istanbul. Powerful Dynasty.
+Take over Mali empire and get trading cities (Timbuktu and Jenne) and use wealth to dominate Niger Valley. Extend to Sahara. Participate in trans-Saharan trade. Fall under gunfire.
+Important: Big trading city that dominated along the coast of Africa for about 100 years.
+They were essentially the middle men, squished in between the Ottoman and Mughal Dynasties. Their main economic source was the Silk Road that lead into Europe. Islam as a big part of their civilization.
+Important: Help trade prosper along the Silk Road.
+Majority of territory was the Indian peninsula,bringing great prosperity to India. Under Akbar, it grew into a centralized administrative empire. The military kept power in ehck. During this reign, a policy of religious toleration as adopted Aurangzeb broke this toleration, leading to religious tensions between Hindus and Muslims.
+Important: Brought wealth to India. Controlled trade in the region, and some that went through to Asia.
+The power of East Asia. It was tightly centralized. Gave civil service exams so people had the power to potentially move up in society. Big in Confucianism.
+Important: Big power in Gunpowder Empires. Use sea, Silk Road, but not as much trade, because they were 80% agricultural.
+Created by King Phillip II of Spain. Used to try and force England to return to the Roman Catholic Church. 130 ships with 30,000 men were sent to try and dethrone Queen Elizabeth. It was put down after England sent ships on fire towards them.
+Important: Show the lengths people went to try to get people to their religion. Major religious tension.
+Theme: "Gimme a Hand!"* - The first word in each theme is a poker phrase..
+We seldom see asterisks in LAT puzzle titles. Often puzzles with asterisks in the theme entries have a reveal in the grid.
+Fred
+put four theme entries Across and four in Down. Rich probably was
+worried the theme entries were not prominent for some solvers as we do
+have a few long 8s in the mix. Hence the asterisk.
+This is a typical Fred Piscop construction. You won't see obscure names or weird abbrs in his grids. Only 14 three-letter entries. Plenty of common four - and five-entries.
+Here's a picture of Fred with David Kahn & Liz Gorski, ACPT, 2011.
+Across:
+5. Fabled loser: HARE.
+9. Battle of heavyweights: SUMO. Adult sumo wrestlers can eat up to 10,000 calories a day.
+13. Nail alternative: SCREW.
+18. Turkish currency: LIRA.
+19. Not quite round: OVAL.
+20. Luxury sheet material: SATIN. Is it comfy though?
+21. Slopping the hogs, e.g.: CHORE.
+26. Shove off: SET SAIL.
+27. Like loud crowds: AROAR.
+29. Applied fragrant hair dressing to: POMADED. When I lived in Guangzhou in the late 1990s, lots of guys had this hairstyle in Guangzhou & Hong Kong area. Might be mousse. This is Andy Lau, by the way.
+30. Tire pattern: TREAD.
+32. Golden: AURIC.
+34. Hanoi holiday: TET.
+35. Social function: AFFAIR.
+38. "Cast of thousands" member: EXTRA.
+40. Davis Cup org.: USTA. United States Tennis Association. The women's equivalent of the Davis Cup is Billie Jean King Cup.
+42. Many Eng. degrees: BAs.
+45. Othello and kin: MOORS.
+46. Titled women: DAMES. Helen Mirren is one.
+47. Last checkbox, often: OTHER.
+48. Set aflame: LIT.
+49. Misfortunes: ILLS.
+50. Tom and buck: MALES.
+51. SAT prep teacher, often: TUTOR. Hi, Bill G!
+52. Firecracker part: FUSE.
+53. "Toy Story" bully: SID. Google says he's the "evil neighbor kid of Andy".
+54. Evaded the bouncer, maybe: GOT IN.
+55. Bat-maker's tool: LATHE.
+56. Go through quickly: RIFLE.
+57. Reserve, as a date: HOLD OPEN.
+60. Dancing pro: HOOFER.
+61. Suffix suggesting wealth: AIRE. Like "millionaire".
+62. Ulna locale: FOREARM.
+64. Chaplin of "Game of Thrones": OONA.
+65. Drew out: EDUCED.
+67. Many airport rides: UBERS.
+68. E is the only vowel that doesn't begin any of their names: US STATES. Great clue angle.
+72. Napkin material: LINEN.
+73. Unemotional: STONY.
+74. Destiny and source of the phoenix: ASHES.
+75. Managed care gp.: HMO.
+76. Some eligible receivers: ENDS.
+77. Informed, with "in": CLUED.
+78. Communion site: ALTAR.
+79. Frigate front: PROW. Not STEM.
+80. Tourist's rental: CAR. Now I realized that the Santa Fe we rented from Budget in Las Vegas must be their top-of-the-line car. Rental companies probably don't buy the most basic versions.
+81. Nitpickers split them: HAIRS.
+82. Of great scope: BROAD.
+83. Composed tweets, say: WROTE. And 59. Gain popularity on Twitter: TREND.
+84. Give it a whirl: TRY.
+85. Cost to play: ANTE.
+86. Brut, compared to sec: DRIER.
+87. Ate, with "down": CHOWED. A few more food references: 88. Words with stew or pickle: IN A. 13D. Cream cheese serving: SCHMEAR. 56D. Turnips and parsnips: ROOTS. 58D. Prepares ham for an omelet, say: DICES.
+89. Tender spots: SORES.
+91. Took a chance: DARED.
+93. Adorn with sequins: SPANGLE.
+97. Toyed with, cat-style: PAWED.
+99. Coming and going: GERUNDS. Chinese is much simpler, we just add "zheng zai" in front of all verbs. Wo zheng zai type (I'm typing). Wo zheng zai eat. (I'm eating).
+107. Photoshop, e.g.: ALTER.
+108. Printer powder: TONER.
+109. "Winning __ everything": ISN'T. It's the only thing in sports.
+110. Austen classic: EMMA.
+111. Stains on reputations: BLOTS.
+112. Knocks out, in a way: AWES.
+113. Flat-nosed dogs: PUGS.
+114. Like some pockets: DEEP. When we go out, Boomer only wears his sweatpants with zipper pockets on. We also had a few scares with his wallet, Gary!
+Down:
+2. Potentially ruinous: DIRE.
+3. "Doggone it!": DRAT.
+4. Reacted to a punch: SAW STARS.
+5. More saintly: HOLIER.
+6. St. Teresa's home: AVILA.
+7. "Norma __": RAE.
+8. Designer Schiaparelli: ELSA. We've been in "Frozen" land for a long while.
+9. Roughly one-third of Africa: SAHARA.
+10. Where embryos develop: UTERI.
+11. Emcee's lapel attachment: MIC.
+12. Like GIs in the kitchen: ON KP. Meal for a Chinese soldier. Those red berries in the soup are goji berries, nutrient-dense.
+14. Play badly?: CHEAT.
+15. Cross above an altar: ROOD.
+16. Vowel-rich lake: ERIE.
+17. Join with a blowtorch: WELD.
+20. Rubs clean: SCOURS.
+23. Anna of "The Emoji Movie": FARIS. She was married to Chris Pratt, who's now married to Katherine Schwarzenegger.
+25. Wobble: TOTTER.
+28. Hotels.com quotes: RATES.
+35. Horse-and-buggy group: AMISH. There's sweet Amish family in our local Annadale flea market. They sell all kinds of jams.
+36. Four-page sheet: FOLIO.
+39. Magneto's enemies: X MEN. Ian McKellen played Magneto in "X-Men" movies.
+41. Slipper, for one: SHOE.
+43. Big-box store division: AISLE.
+44. Rodeo bovine: STEER.
+46. Take out: DATE.
+47. __ Banks: OUTER. Never been there. We did drive to Myrtle Beach for a golf vacation ages ago.
+50. Minibike relative: MOPED.
+51. Cantina appetizers: TAPAS.
+52. Shrek's love: FIONA.
+54. "The Elements of Bridge" author Charles: GOREN.
+55. Having one's doubts: LEERY.
+60. Car washer, at times: HOSER.
+63. Bassoon cousins: OBOES.
+65. Send to the Hill: ELECT.
+66. Currency of Jordan: DINAR.
+69. Migratory herring: SHAD. Do you like pickled herrings? Most grocery stores have them on sale during the new year period. Probably a Minnesota thing.
+70. Portray fury or fear: EMOTE.
+71. Spread, as seed: SOWED.
+73. X-Acto knife cut: SLIT.
+74. Skin cream additive: ALOE.
+77. Venice features: CANALS.
+78. Respond to reveille: ARISE.
+79. Manufactured: PRODUCED.
+81. Homes for gliders: HANGARS. Star Tribune had an article saying that the flight schools here are much busier than before the pandemic.. Not many ways to clue this entry.
+98. Faucet annoyance: DRIP.
+100. Point a finger at: NAME. Name names.
+101. Coin depicting a torch: DIME.
+102. Totally lose it: SNAP.
+104. Obey the coxswain: ROW.
+106. Pac-12 sch.: ASU.
+Happy
+birthday to dear JD, who has generously shared with us many of her
+grandkids' pictures over the years. This one was taken on at Cameron’s 4th birthday in 2014.
+52 comments:
+New Agers say that they are "woke", and now
+The whole world they will awaken, they vow.
+The human soul
+Yearns to be whole,
+It's annoying they aver they're WHOLIER than thou!
+The loving couple make their vows at the ALTAR.
+And for a long time neither one will falter.
+But a tryst may bring to bear
+An EXTRA-marital AFFAIR.
+When that occurs, the loving vows may ALTER.
+{B-, C+.}
+Good morning!
+Got the puzzle. Didn't get the poker theme. I was trying to fit "hand" with the themers, and it wasn't working. BLUFF A THROW seems really strained -- has anybody ever said that? Didn't think so. GOREN would've been tough for younger solvers. He used to write a syndicated bridge column, but he's been gone almost 30 years. This one came together very quickly. Thanx, Fred and C.C. (Photos: Fred and K-P shots didn't make the trip. Is that a young Helen Mirren or somebody else?)
+SHAD: You probably saw lutefisk in the stores, C.C. It's very popular in Minnesota. My dad liked to go to lutefisk suppers at area churches in WI. I prefer my fish fried, baked, or deep-fried, not soaked in lye. It's an acquired taste that I never acquired.
+Hola!
+Thank you Fred Piscop and C.C.! I agree that Fred's puzzles are clean and often easy such as this one. I breezed through it which is not as quickly as a sashay but still fast for a Sunday. However, I had no idea the "hand" referred to poker.
+I know Anna FARIS from the sitcom, Mom, which is hilarious most of the time but also disturbing because it involves overcoming alcoholism.
+I love herring; I was introduced to it in Sweden and here the only place to buy it is Costco where I don't often go.
+CSO to my niece at BREWER and to us Arizonans at ASU, my alma mater and neighbor in Tempe.
+One error at UTERI/UTERo, AURIC/AURo.
+I like the word SCHMEAR.
+ROOD and ALTAR give us a Sunday religious reference.
+It's a big day of cooking today so I'll return to bed.
+Have a super Sunday, everyone!
+You were up early Lucy; have a nice nap. Fred is a real pro and I learned to read and add playing cards so this theme was very easy to spot.
+How about HENRI___? Henrietta.
+A nice Sunday puzzle today, Fred. Thanks! And thanks to C.C. for the tour. I circled around clockwise back to the NW where SAW STARS and DRAW FLIES were my last entries. The W was slow to come. Otherwise I didn't have many missteps: trams for UBERS, tried for DARED and woes for ILLS. I saw the first words of the themers were referring to card games (not personally a poker player so that didn't come to mind immediately). So, all in all a fun puzzle and a FIR today!
+Everything is getting back to normal here as our major house repair is finished and much appreciated. Life is good and a new week approaches. Hope you all enjoy the rest of the weekend. And Happy Birthday to JD!
+In my newspaper the theme of the Sunday puzzles is obvious, and I wish they would change it. In BOLD CAPITAL letters directly above 1A is "GIMME" A HAND!*. That makes the Sunday puzzles way too easy. And this one was an easy fill with just a few unknowns- SID, DRIER, ELSA, Anna FARIS, XMEN, SCHMEAR.
+MOPED- the worst of both worlds. Bad motorcycle or scooter and very hard to peddle bicycle.
+I remember Charles GOREN's name from when I was a kid. There was a daily article about bridge hands-all four were displayed- and he would describe how to play them. I've never played bridge.
+RATES at Hotels.com or any website. They don't include the 'resort fees' and taxes and they can get steep. Some hotels in Las Vegas add $40-50/day and what do you get for it? WiFi and use of a gym and swimming pool.
+CAR rentals-usually the rental companies only have the most basic models. The Dodge Journey I rented two weeks ago in Seattle had radio, heater, & AC. No blue tooth or GPS. Manufacturers have to produce cars to make up for CAFE standards to offset the sales of SUVs and Trucks to satisfy the weird 'average mpg' for the entire company. They sell those small cars to rental companies at very steep discounts.
+I had fun with this even though it seemed a bit easy for a Sunday.
+Top left and bottom right were my last fills, since I had SEE STARS at first (didn't notice the past tense), and OSU instead of ASU so I thought ROIS might be ROIST (ugh). Anyway I quickly fixed my mistakes.
+My only quibble is that Eng. degrees could be BS degrees (Engineering), or BA (English). Thus the clue is ambiguous.
+Good morning everyone.
+Easy one today like others have said. Only guess was SID; the crossing FOLIO was unfamiliar. The theme phrases were all familiar. ERIE was finally clued for what it's usual purpose; vowel richness. No searches or erasures were needed.
+Thought of Lucina with the phoenix clue.
+Thought the crossing of SCAB with CALL A STRIKE was apropos.
+Enjoy the day.
+Good Morning:
+The title plus the first two entries, Draw Flies and Check the Oil, were a dead giveaway to the theme, but it was still an enjoyable solve with scads of fun pairings and fill: Linen/Satin, Altar/Alter, Roots/Rood, Lira/Dinar, Limos/Ubers, Odds/Ends, and Erie/Canals. Oona crossing Fiona (both Irish) caught my eye as did Lit above Fuse. There were also theme-related Easter Eggs with Odds, Ante, and Cheat. I had a few w/os: EEs/BAs, Call It Quits instead of A Strike, Enact/ Elect, Oar/Row, and Tacos/Tapas. As CC pointed out, the three letter word count was noticeably low and the proper names were mostly known and fewer in number than many Sunday grids. My favorite C/As were Play Badly=Cheat and Suds Maker=Brewer. Did anyone else think 57A-Hold Up could have been a themer?
+Thanks, Fred, for a very enjoyable solve with just enough crunch to satisfy and thanks, CC, for the commentary and “color” tidbits.
+FLN
+Anon T ~ Thanks for the background on Pink and Floyd. Now I know why DO thought my “if I fell over him” comment was so funny. What I know about pop music and musicians would fit in a thimble, with room to spare.
+Have a great day.
+A faster than normal Sunday FIR. Sawstars and drawflies crossing were the last to fall for me. At 42A I had EEs before changing to BAs. Every time I see Banks such as the clue for 47D I instantly think of my childhood hero Ernie Banks of the insufferable Cubs. Faris and Sid were unknown, but easily sussed. Gotta get spruced up for Mass then it's breakfast out and more NFL playoff games. Such a life.
+I guess I'm the only one who thought "Gimme a hand" had to do with clapping.
+My great grandmother was German and my mother always had pickled herring in sour cream at New Years. It's a tradition I try to maintain. (Great puzzle today by the way!)
+BLUFF A THROW is a common strategy particularly with a base runner on second base taking a big lead. The pitcher will whirl around toward second base and fake a throw forcing the base runner to quickly return to the base. This keeps the runner close to the bag and eliminates the possibility of an error on a errant throw.
+Musings
+-The title led me to HAND DRAW, HAND CHECK (test correcting and basketball), HAND CUT and HAND FOLD but then petered out at HAND DEAL. My dim bulb eventually blinked on.
+-MOORS – We watched a Nat Geo special on the Alhambra yesterday which is where the MOORS made their last stand before Isabella and Ferdinand drove them out of Spain
+-Grandson found out yesterday that he GOT IN at Pepperdine. Hmmm… college at Malibu?
+-Gene Kelly took 8 weeks to make Frank Sinatra a HOOFER and Frank held his own with him in this movie
+-NASA used “C” and “E” twice but skipped the letter “B” in naming shuttle orbiters: Atlantis, Challenger, Columbia, Discovery, Endeavour and Enterprise
+-Zippers are now standard on my sweat pants too, C.C.!
+-I hand plant radishes to eat that ROOT. Joann says I should just SOW the seeds
+-A QB’s success depends on 1) his talent and 2) WHERE he lands in the draft
+-Happy Birthday Judy!
+"This is a typical Fred Piscop construction. You won't see obscure names or weird abbrs in his grids. Only 14 three-letter entries." This is why I enjoy Fred's work. POMADED as a past-tense transitive verb was the biggest stretch and that is praise-worthy.
+We knew neither ELSA not FARIS as clued and these were the last to fall. We finished the puzzle without recognizing the theme until staring at the NW long enough to finally see DRAW FLIES. With that, the final theme answer was grasped, the final two perps were solved and the theme, itself, was recognized.
+D O, I have heard baseball announcers use the phrase BLUFF A THROW in painting their word pictures. Perhaps I listened to too many games on the radio as a child.
+Addendum
+-Infielders often BLUFF A THROW when they have a runner “IN A PICKLE”
+I'll admit I don't listen to a lot of sports announcers. The last one was Earl Gillespie doing play-by-play on a Milwaukee Braves game.
+Happy birthday, JD! I know your celebration will be fun.
+Very enjoyable puzzle. Worst clue is “coming and going”.
+Echoing others, easy, but fun Sunday crossword. I got through Saturday’s quicker than usual too, maybe I’m just getting smarter!
+Our local paper, a Gannett, has a 12 page insert today with lots of crosswords and other word games. Not sure I’ll make it through all of them. I think they really do it so they can add their $5 surcharge to delivery subscribers for “periodic” supplements, which seem to be once a month. If it wasn’t because I like to do the crossword and sudoku on paper, I’d probably do an on-line subscription. Still old-school.
+Recognized the poker theme early on, but it didn't help with the solve. I found the puzzle to be challenging but fair, and FIR. I usually work on Across clues for a good chunk of the grid, and then Down clues, but today I really needed to stick to perps as I went along. Thank you, Fred, for Sunday morning fun, and C.C., without whose wonderful blog it would be a much lonelier effort.
+jfromvt, I also prefer to do the puzzles on paper. I print them from the online edition. That's a lot less expensive that subscribing to the dead tree version.
+jfromvt, I was loath to go digital with our newspaper for the same reasons, but I quickly adjusted to the digital version and, like D-O, I print the puzzles. Now DH doesn’t have to go to the curb to bring in the paper each morning. Plus reading the paper on an iPad is so much more convenient.
+Thank you for a fun puzzle today, Mr. Piscop. Thanks to CC too!
+Since I had Fred Piscop on my brain, I wanted BREWER to be "Brewski" :-)
+Fun time with this one!
+Easy today. No obscure clues or names. Only FARIS was new to me.
+Bluff a throw: whether or not it is an official term, it is what pitchers do sometimes. I can readily picture it.
+I love pickled herring and, even more, herring in sour cream.
+Happy birthday, JD. Lovely grandkids.
+In Europe some pickpockets are so skillful zippers don't deter them. A lady on our tour had her shoulder bag slit while she was walking, all unaware that her wallet was being stolen.
+A hoser is an uncouth idiot.
+More covid restrictions have been added at the Oaks this weekend. No visitors or small groups. No housekeeping or maintenance, except for emergencies. I am thankful for the attempt to keep us safe, but we still worry.
+YR
+FIR, didn’t notice any theme. Very easy for a Sunday, but no complaints. Some of the names were out there: GOREN, KETT, FARIS. Why not try harder?
+Our newspaper also had the supplemental puzzles. It will be enjoyable to solve them thomorrow. Today the family is coming to dinner and I am making spaghetti and meatballs which is a time consuming meal.
+Our church attendance seems to be less and less. I hope it isn't because of illness but then the bishop has dispensed us so perhaps people are just staying home out of caution. And yet today a large number of new converts were part of the ritual.
+JD, do tell us about your celebration which I know will be jubilant.
+Foiled in my attempt to do our paper's usual 2 week old Sunday NYT puzzle. The left hand column is cut off
+Lucina and JfromVT: Today our Gannett published paper has what's probably the same 12 page USA Today insert of word and number games. Included are 2 of the largest crosswords Ive ever seen. The larger has 409 across clues. 😳
+Debating if I should attempt the mega challenge. DW will not be pleased 😡
+Our in person church services are quite limited. I have not been there in ten months. We have a larger Zoom attendance. Offerings are lagging far behind normal. Just as I started to feel safer, virus cases are surging since Thanksgiving.
+FIR. A nice Sunday puzzle for a change. Not many names and the ones here were easily perped. A fair solve. Didn't get the theme. I usually solve puzzles as theme-less. Even the NYT puzzle was easy. What a rare day.
+Sunday Lurk say...
+Happy Birthday JD!
+YR - have you heard if your community is on the list for the vaccine yet? I've been wondering about DH4's situation too (along with Carol).
+IM - No worries about Pink Floyd; just thought you'd like to know.
+In HS, I had a friend who broke up with his girl-friend after she asked which one is Led Zeppelin. :-)
+WC - I won't link Led Zeppelin out of deference to you... FLN - find my iPhone (which we tried to use to find Eldest) doesn't work if the SIM is out & the phone isn't transmitting. I'll look into the Google Maps tracking (with her permission, of course).
+//or I'll just place a GPS tracker under her car :-)
+Speaking of online subscriptions D-O, I just found out that DW digitally subscribes to the NYT for recipes. WTF? What about the puzzles?!? She promised me the password tomorrow.
+Cheers, -T
+Anon-T, I have a crossword subscription ($43.15/yr) plus an unlimited articles subscription ($18.09/mo). I don't know what a "full" NYT subscription would get you. "Which one is Led Zeppelin?" "Silly girl, that's the name of the band. The lead singer is Jethro Tull."
+Anon T @ 3:35 : I hate to burst your bubble, but the New York Times cooking subscription and the puzzle subscription are two separate entities. I pay for the puzzle subscription and I signed up for Sam Sifton’s, Food Editor, email 3 times a week with 5 recipes, but the actual cooking app is separate and costs either $39.00-$49.00 annually. The puzzle subscription, I believe was $39.00 and you get access to lots of other types of puzzles like Acrostics, Spelling Bee, Ken Ken, etc.
+Thank you Fred for a STRAIGHTforward Sunday puzzle that I didn’t have to STUDy too much, as the answers flowed so freely that I couldn’t HOLD’EM back. And thanks to you CC for your illuminating illustrations, esp. the delicious looking Chinese K RATIONS – they sure beat the MREs our GIs are expected to CHOW DOWN on.
+I was FLUSH with excitement at this puzzle as I FIR, and in non-recorded time, as I just do this for fun.
+46A Helen Mirren is not only a titled DAME, but in her FORMATIVE years, to paraphrase the immortal words of Oscar Hammerstein, there was “Nothin’ like …” her!
+110A As Dw and I have been binging old Jane Austen movies I knew that the answer to this clue had to be EMMA, as PRIDE AND PREJUDICE and SENSE AND SENSIBILITY were both LONG SHOTS. EMMA is next on our list, starring Gwyneth Paltrow. Anyone seen it?
+42D D-O @ 6:45 AM , I’m not SPLITting HAREs when I say that I found no less than three lexicographic references that used, as examples, BLUFFing runners (by both pitchers and catchers) to DRAW them into run downs and then PICK them off.
+99D My favorite meta-clue. What the hapless RUNner in 42D finds himself doing as he BETS against LONG ODDS on an INSIDE STRAIGHT between the bases.
+And what a great GAME we PLAY here Cornerites, WORDPLAY!
+Bill
+Very nice Sunday puzzle. Thanks Fred Piscop and C.C.
+Luckily, I had a FIW today. Since I was having trouble in the SE corner (got EMMA/Austen mixed up with Eyre/Brontë) and couldn’t decide between CAIN and cane, I had the latter in place for both, which meant DIME (which I KNEW was correct) wouldn’t fit. I finally pulled one out and looked at the back, just to make sure, and then finished that corner correctly. Would have been really mad at myself, had doing that forced me to take a DNF! Of course, had I not been too stubborn/lazy to just take everything out of that corner and insert DIME without looking at one, I’d not have had a problem and would have been here earlier.
+Bottom line is that I didn’t know POMADED/ROOD, and I had UTERO, which messed up AURIC. (Uh, GOLDFINGER, ya dummy! When you proofread, PAY ATTENTION!) I also missed STONY/TREND/LEERY (had STOIC). I don’t do Twitter --- Facebook is bad enough and takes up enough of my time!
+Not sure what the context was supposed to be, but THOSE ARE NOT STEERS that the cowboys are trying to ride in rodeos.
+55A – LATHE ---If you ever find yourself in or near Louisville (if travel ever gets “safe” again), take a tour of the Louisville Slugger Factory and Museum. Fairly reasonably priced, and pretty interesting, even for non-fans. My younger daughter wanted to go there, back when I was driving her to school at EKU. We also toured Churchill Downs that day. It was a dark day, so I couldn't lose any money.
+Favorite clue --- Suds Maker
+D-O & IM - I didn't know NYT had tiered subscriptions. I just asked DW what she subscribed to and she said, "I donno - It was a dollar a month and I got it."
+Anyone else think she took a TEASER AD and is now paying more than either of us realize? :-)
+When I login tomorrow I'll figure out What's Going On [4 Non Blonds - 4:57].
+Thanks both yous for the heads-up.
+Cheers, -T
+Nothing apropos say...
+A side link on 4 Non Blonds' queue was The Cranberries' Dreams.
+This song evokes my first trip to Houston in '98 to interview at a consultancy (as I prep'd to leave the DOD #RIF).
+I was scooting down I45 from IAH to Allen Center downtown crossing 610 when this song came on the radio and the Big City came into view. Imagine the pounding beat as the skyscrapers entered the horizon.
+Growing up in (basically an over-grown farm town) of SPI, our trips to STL for Cardinal's games (Baseball & Football back in the day) -- the highway over/under passes amazed me. I wanted to live in a big city, a city of possibilities. That song told me, "This is it -T."
+Hope everyone's having a wonderful Sunday eve.
+Cheers, -T
+Junior bull riders train in steer riding competitions. OTH steer roping is a dangerous adult competition. I have read quite a few well researched rodeo novels.
+Anon T, when I moved in 30 days ago, I was told we likely would get the vaccine in about two weeks. The staff received it this week. Although mild there have been many more staff infections than resident ones before this.
+We are still waiting. I signed permission for Al to get it, too. Still waiting.
+I believe universal compliance would cut this virus down and lead to a quicker economic recovery.
+YR, you are correct, of course! I wasn't even thinking about those events.
+Anon T @ 5:02 ~ Either DW got a teaser offer or she misunderstood the time frame. The going rate right now is $1.25 per WEEK or $40.00 per YEAR.
+LEO III @4:43PM I quit FB several years ago. It was taking up too much of my rapidly dwindling time and making me chronically unhappy. I'd suggest joining FBA ("Fake Books Anonymous")*. They'll help you get through it!
+Bill
+*OK, so FBA is a fictitious organization, but you get the idea. Just think, you'll have more time to spend on the Corner!
+I liked this puzzle very much. Didn't get the theme, though, thinking that "Gimme a hand" meant "Help me out here."
+Happy birthday, JD, and good wishes to you all.
+Delightful Sunday puzzle, Fred--many thanks. And thank you, C.C. for your always wonderful Sunday commentaries.
+I got AMISH very quickly for "horse and buggy group". Spent my teens in Lancaster, Pennsylvania, where we encountered lots of horses and buggies on the roads outside town. A happy memory. Couldn't believe GERUNDS fell into place for "coming and going"--a surprise. And I got OONA Chaplin even though I've never seen "Game of Thrones."
+Lots of fun, thanks again, Fred.
+And happy birthday, JD.
+Have a good week coming up everybody.
+Foiled in my attempt to do our paper's usual 2 week old Sunday NYT puzzle. The 2 right-hand columns are cut off.
+I will not call the paper this time to seek a credit for a defective product; it did have Prince Valiant in the comics.
+Fun Sunday. Thanks Fred and C.C.
+I FIRed in good time for a Sunday, but forgot to look for the theme. D’uh!
+I wanted Stoic before STONY (hi Leo).
+SCHMEAR was not well-known to me.
+Do those millionAIREs have DEEP POCKETS
+I noted PROW and CHOWED, PRODUCED and EDUCED, plus some others already noted by IM (but she found many more😊👍).
+I also noted a plethora of -ER endings. HOOFER, BREWER, HOSER, OUTER, UBER(S), DRIER, HOLIER, ALTER, OTHER, TOTTER.
+Plus UTERI, LEERY and STEER. And only because English is never consistent do we have TUTOR and HANGAR(S).
+This Canadian thought of star-SPANGLEd banner and US STATES.
+Happy Birthday JD.
+Wishing you all a good evening.
+Spitz
+Spent a few hours with breaks completing one of the mega CWs in todays supplement.
+To get all 805 clues on the page the print was minuscule; too hard to read for these old peepers. 🙈
+Never again.
+Schmear is Yiddish, very common here. A bagel with a schmear. Let's add lox, onion and capers. Yummy. I miss our bagel shop just down the street.
+YR - you can keep the capers. Bagels and a chive-infused schmear topped with Nova Lox... Yummy!
+I don't know how a Catholic kid from the Midwest (with no Jewish buddies) learnt the word schmear but I've been familiar with the word since forever and there's nothing better than a good Jewish Deli [Kenny & Ziggy's review 5:58 (get ready to get hungry) - the restaurant is across Post Oak Blvd from our office].
+Cheers, -T
+Wasn't Goldfinger's first name AURIC?
+I'd walk by the Charles and watch the SHAD row.
+Yes, first and third, runner steals and catcher* may BLUFF a throw.
+So Anna FARIS is Christy (Plunkett) in Mom. I binge watched it. It portrays a style of AA mtg eg Say anything you want.
+Gary, the GOAT, Tom Brady was a late 6th round draft pick. Was that perhaps an advantage? He spent year I on the bench learning and observing.
+I agree, for once a speedy Sunday with the theme simple and immediately apparent. Our 'Nam poker game was always open to new recruits "Experience not required". Speaking of …
+-T, I remember driving into LA area out of 'The World' … Also, I listened all the way to 'Blonds' and 'Cranberries' too. Then it sequed to Roy the Boy.
+WC
+* A BLUFF Story
+Caginess and craft oft make way for fate
+And thus it was for Billy behind the plate
+Not only not stodgy but a Lefty to boot
+Inexperienced but nothing if not astute.
+Man on first winning run on third base
+Runner steals other goes home, a classic case
+Billy, hardly a boisterous sort, was stubborn
+"I'll have none of that he staunchly warned."
+And so the play unfolded and the runner did go
+And Billy arose as if to uncork a throw
+But BLUFFed the throw to second and without a word
+Caught the runner red-handed off of third
+Alas Bobby at third was off in daydream land
+And the perfect throw went awry off his hand
+And even the most obese Little Leaguer could
+Prance his way home and there he stood.
+* Note, there were four J-words to be included (fe. 'Obese')
+Don't think it relates to the second Jumble's words, Wilbur, but I found Billy's complicated baseball adventure in your verse fun and a pleasure. Many thanks for that gift.
+The products given below are not that pricey and also included a money-back assurance; therefore giving it a try will not hurt a lot. The only point you are going to get in return is the benefit.
+What Is A Small Cyist Like Bump With A White Head On The Penis
+1- The quick extender pro
+The quick extender pro is a simple, lightweight format that works with grip techniques. In simple words, this gadget stretches the shaft of the penis, causing micro-injuries which creates the new cell to form, hence brand-new growth. This healing device inevitably boosts the length and thickness of the body organ.
+Why should you acquire the quick extender pro?
+• A tried and tested method to enhance the length and the girth of the penis
+• It treats erectile dysfunction and also is used to treat Peyronie’s disease.
+• Fixes curvature, creates an extra upright erection.
+• The only cot which utilizes a DSS system, a double band support group that gives you complete assistance, takes care of stress, and also minimizes slippage.
+• Enhance cellular growth and thus blood circulation to the penis.
+• It is made from one hundred percent non-allergic material.
+• Supplies optimum stress of 4000g, fastest means to gain ideal feasible results.
+• Features six months Money-back warranty.
+• It can be put on discreetly under the outfit, in the office, while resting, or at the party.
+• The procedure is completely pain-free.
+• It does not have any sharp edges. It is developed for your benefit.
+• It Preserves the personal privacy of the customer.
+• The quick extender pro is durable, requiring no upkeep.
+• A lifetime guarantee backs it.
+• Results are not short-term instead a permanent natural gain in size and complete satisfaction.
+2- Phallosan strong suit
+A popular name in the world of orthopedics, this clinically checked product uses a mechanical force by a vacuum system, a non-extreme, simple principle to service penis enlargement as well as straightening. This gadget has every ability to get you to the degree you so desperately crave for.
+Why should you select a Phallosan specialty?
+• What better way than to have an application integrate your performance? Yes, Phallosan forte is additionally readily available with training applications on ios and android.
+• It is made with allergen-free product finest served for different type of skin.
+• It comes with a money-back warranty.
+• Guarantee you a natural growth in size as well as girth without surgical treatment or any other severe procedure.
+• Can enhance penis curvature.
+• This useful gadget gives 3000-4000g of stress.
+• Lightweight, which can be worn quickly and effectively under your gown without anyone knowing.
+• Works for every dimension.
+• Personal privacy is well safeguarded; this product is delivered without any reference of the name or any kind of information on the box.
+• This gadget does not need any type of maintenance.
+3- SizeGenetics
+SizeGenetics is one the premier penis stretchers out there; backed by food and drug administration approval this item has shown to please its customers from around the globe. It is developed utilizing premier medical-grade elements, a dependable medical gadget that intends to take your sex life to the next level.
+Why should you obtain SizeGenetics?
+• It Gives massive 2800 grams of tension.
+• SizeGenetics is an authentic, type 1 medical tool, approved by FDA and CE.
+• SizeGenetics includes a money-back assurance.
+• This penis grip tool has actually verified to boost curvature as well as impotence.
+• SizeGenetics has actually been utilized successfully in people with Peyronie’s illness.
+• This tool supplies a permanent increase in the size and also girth of the penis.
+• Lightweight, sturdy, and also easy to use.
+• It comes with an overview and also instructions.
+• Research study as well as checked for 19 years.
+• Easy adjustable, comfortable to make use of.
+• Most significantly, like others, SizeGenetics values the privacy of its consumers.
+What Is A Small Cyist Like Bump With A White Head On The Penis
+These items have actually been reviewed by a lot of people in the on the internet community. You are not asked to leap into it blindly and also check endorsements as well as consumers’ truthful testimonials on the main internet sites discussed over and also court for yourself.
+A penis extender, likewise known as an extender, is a non-invasive medical gadget made use of to increase the length and girth of a penis. In its most common usage, a penis extender consists of an extending exercise device (a band) endured the penis gradually to trigger tiny tears in the tendons connected to the penis. When these tears are fixed, the penis can then expand extra size and girth, enabling the man to keep an erection longer than common. Penis extenders have actually been clinically shown to function, but there are some drawbacks that must be considered before making use of one. These downsides consist of:
+Guy that wear penis extenders over an extended period of time may establish an issue called impotences, or EDs. This problem is gotten worse by the continual extending of the cells in time. The most significant reason for erectile dysfunctions is a flaccid male body organ. As a man ages, the amount of testosterone generated by the testes decreases, creating testosterone levels in the blood to drop. This creates the penis to shrink in both its lengthy as well as short size.
+Many guys that use penis extenders at some point reach a stage where better extending is no longer enough to keep an erection. The cells around the penis adjustment form slightly, ending up being coarser and harder. Since the tissues have become permanently stretched out, they can not generate enough blood for erection. This can create a guy to come to be erectile dysfunction when it is not medically essential. Once the edginess gets to a specific factor, grip can be painful. Lots of males find that this discomfort boosts with prolonged usage.
+What Is A Small Cyist Like Bump With A White Head On The Penis
+Penis grip gadgets have to not be used for any clinical objectives. Penis extenders can cause damage to the penis or urinary system cells, which may trigger long-term damages. Additionally, penile grip gadgets can trigger long-term damage to the urethra.
+This is a relevant tale about penis extenders. A friend of mine has actually tried penis exercises to boost penis size. He utilized a traction gadget to get outcomes, but quickly after that dealt with injuries to his leg, which needed considerable clinical therapy. His case is an additional care to prevent utilizing penile grip gadgets.
+Penis size is directly related to the androgenic. The physician in my relevant story states that the ideal age for andropenis is thirty. The signs connected with androgenic are penis pain, inflammation and also enhancement of the penis. If a male feels discomfort in his genital area and also he overstretches the penis, he must instantly contact his medical professional.
+Penis augmentation surgical treatment is frequently recommended by several physicians as well as sex therapists as an option to enhancing the penis size. However, this is a major operation, which may have significant side effects. It also calls for a lot of time and monetary investment. Penis extenders are a much safer and less complex choice to surgical treatment and numerous guys locate that they are equally effective in increasing their penis girth.
+You ought to consult your doctor before you start utilizing a penis extender as well as make sure you understand the penis stretcher correctly. Make sure you recognize exactly how the penis cot jobs as well as exactly what the advantages and also threats are. Your medical professional will certainly have the ability to establish if a grip phalloplasty is right for you. Penis extending has actually been around considering that ancient times; nonetheless, not virtually adequate men know the benefits of penis extenders.
+What Is A Small Cyist Like Bump With A White Head On The Penis
+One of the most prominent penis extenders is the Phalloplasty device which is a hand-held device similar to those penis pumps. The Phalloplasty contains a vacuum layout which attracts the cells of the penis right into the device which creates it to extend. The penis extenders that use a penis pump have a tube that fits inside the body of the penis as well as when made use of, attracts the cells and also develops stress that extends it, while other penis extenders that use hands-on traction job by applying constant pressure gradually.
+The biggest advantage of using penis extenders is that it will enhance your sex life. You will have much better stamina, harder erections and even more extreme climaxes. Numerous men have reported that their sex life improved substantially after the first few weeks. Sex can boost because you will get used to having longer and thicker erections and also orgasms. When you take part in penis extending exercises regularly, you will certainly be more likely to achieve these benefits.
+In this Dr. Oz related tale, he tells a female that had undergone surgery with a very reduced success rate that she should never have done it without a physician’s supervision. He after that takes place to say that the results were not life threatening yet that it was the incorrect choice and made points even worse. Numerous males do not understand that the risks related to the use of penis extenders much exceed any benefits that they may obtain. There are numerous dangers associated with this treatment such as infection, tingling, tightness and also also breakage. If you are uncertain if penis extenders are right for you, I very advise that you talk with your physician and also see what they inform you.
+The subject reviewed in this short article is not something individuals like to discuss as well as is still taken into consideration beyond the pale in many parts of the globe. Males are made fun of for the dimension of their body organ; for this reason they do not feel comfortable discussing, they feel unconfident and also reluctant to open, also to their doctors completely, and thus the problem stays unsolved, and now you don’t need to go to a clinic or speak to your close friend for the recommendation since this post is going to aid you. This new globe of on the internet community as well as social networks has come up with options to practically everything, yet not all the remedies reviewed online are authentic; not all the sites market valuable assets. We are mosting likely to evaluate some of the initial products that can come in useful regarding penis expansion. Although numerous penis pills declare ensured outcomes, yet in real these pills do not work and the majority of them are bluff.
+Bluedio T5 Turbine
+| Over-Ear | Bluetooth | 57 mm Driver | Active Noise Cancelling |
+🎧 We are reviewing the Bluedio T5 Turbine, the newest headphone from Bluedio with Bluetooth and Active Noise Cancelling.
+The Bluedio T5 is a highly featured over-ear headphone with a modern Bluetooth v4.2, Active Noise Cancelling, Type-C connection, Bluedio’s Vector Flow Technology and solid metal construction. This amount of advanced features at this price range is hardly found in the market, some competitors (features-wise) would be the Bose QuietComfort35, Sony MDR-1000X, COWIN E7 but the first 2 have a price that can be around 6 to 7 times the price of the T5 and the COWIN E7 has a price tag that doubles the Bluedio T5 Turbine but with plastic construction instead of metal.
+The Bluedio T5 Turbine is the successor of the Bluedio T4s and differently to the previous model updates, the T4 and T5 share the same form factor and design looks but with a different color pattern. The Bluedio T4 (and T4s) offered a silver/black, silver/red or silver/white color choices while the Bluedio T5 Turbine come in all black, red/black, yellow/black options.
+The Bluedio T5 Turbine is very solidly built with mainly metal construction except for the plastic cups. Hinges, headband and connections are all made of hefty metal which makes them feel much more premium than their price suggests.
+Bluedio’s catalog has been growing into an immense amount of in-ear, over-ear headphones and Bluetooth speakers. It could be said that the motto of Bluedio is creating advanced featured-packed headphones at super bang for buck prices. And they have been showing that they can succeed at it with the enormous number of happy budget-conscious buyers looking for great deals.
+In the past we have reviewed the Bluedio T Energy, which proved to be a true bang for buck with their fun sound, countless number of advanced features (like Active Noise Cancelling, Bluetooth connection, etc) and ridiculously affordable price. The Bluedio T5 is part of the same family and line of the Bluedio T Energy (the Turbine line) which includes the: Bluedio T2S, Bluedio T2 Plus, Bluedio T3 Plus, Bluedio T4S and the Bluedio T5. Much like every Bluedio Turbine over-ear headphone, the Bluedio T5 carries inside a huge 57 mm dynamic driver.
+Bluedio assures that the Bluedio T5 can provide 28 hours of battery life on a single charge and 100 hours of standby time.
+You can buy the Bluedio T5 Turbine in:
+FIND ALL: Headphones Scores Compared
+MORE: Headphones Reviews
+SEE ALSO: Headphones Technical Specifications
+Bluedio T5 Turbine Review
+Tests & ScoresAF
+Advanced Features
+The Bluedio T5 Turbine features include advanced options such as:
+- VFT Technology: Bluedio’s proprietary Vector Flow Technology firstly seen in the Bluedio T4s.
+- Active Noise Cancelling Normal Mode and Pure Mode: Pure mode offers the possibility to use the Bluedio T5 as a purely active noise cancelling device.
+- Modern Bluetooth 4.2: Upgraded version from 4.1 which should improve connection and audio quality.
+OC
+Operation & Control
+The 4 buttons placed on the earcups of the Bluedio T5 Turbine allows you to:
+Multifunction Button:
+- Press and hold: Power On and set to pairing mode, an off voice will prompt “searching”
+- Press and hold while turned ON: Power off
+Play / Pause Button:
+- A single press: Play, Pause music or Answer calls
+Volume UP Button:
+- A single press: Volume up by 1 level
+- Press and hold: Skip to next song
+Volume Down Button:
+- A single press: Volume down by 1 level
+- Press and hold: Previous song
+Active Noise Cancelling Switch:
+- ANC can be turned on or off by changing the switch position.
+LED Status Light: The Bluedio T5 Turbine has a LED light that informs the status of the headphone. Some of the status informed are: ANC on (green), charging (red), fully charged (blue), etc.
+Charging: To charge the Bluedio T5 Turbine you need to plug it through their USB Type-C port with the cable included. The status LED will inform you when the unit is charging and when the charge has completed – a full charge should take 1.5 to 2 hours.
+W
+Weight
+Bluedio T5 Turbine weight in Ounces and Bluedio T5 Turbine weight in grams.
+MORE: Headphones Weight Comparison
+SEE ALSO: Earphones Size Comparison
+A
+Accessories & Packaging
+The Bluedio T5 Turbine unboxing results in: a nice velvety soft carrying pouch, 1x charging cable, 1x Type-C to 3.5mm cable. Everything is packed inside a slim cardboard box.
+7.75/10
+NOTE: Many times headphones show some degree of sound modification and/or volume output variation when their ANC function is turned on and some also show this when they are used wirelessly instead of wired. We are testing the Bluedio T5 in all their combinations and evaluating if there are any differences.
+B
+Bass & Sub Bass
+Wired – Bluetooth Off – Active Noise Cancelling Off
+The Bluedio T5 Turbine bass has a punchy profile but does not have very deep sub-bass. Many modern tracks call mid-bass more than they require sub-bass, so most normal listeners will be ok with their punchy tuning.
+7.25/10
+Wired – Bluetooth Off – Active Noise Cancelling On
+Using the Bluedio T5 Turbine in “Wired – Bluetooth Off – Active Noise Cancelling On”, sub-bass will not be enhanced nor diminished from the previous mode but mid-bass will get lighter and less punchy.
+6.25/10
+Wireless – Bluetooth On – Active Noise Cancelling Off
+In this mode, their sub-bass personality remains as in previous modes and mid-bass will be nearer to their style in “Wired – Bluetooth Off – Active Noise Cancelling On”.
+6.25/10
+Wireless – Bluetooth On – Active Noise Cancelling On
+With all their functions turned on, the bass of the Bluedio T5 gets marginally punchier than the last 2 modes and sub-bass remains inline with every previous mode.
+6.5/10
+MORE: Earphones & Headphones Amplification Power Comparison
+MORE: Best Basshead Earphones
+SEE ALSO: Best Fun Sounding Earphones Chart
+M
+Mids & Vocals
+Wired – Bluetooth Off – Active Noise Cancelling Off
+The Bluedio T5 Turbine have very warm mids but lower and male vocals still do not sound excessively congested nor laid back, providing sufficiently alive and present sound. Higher mids are clearer and less congested but do not get harsh.
+Be aware that the Bluedio T5 are strongly affected by their positioning, if you wear them with the front earpads near the front section of your ears their bass weakens and consequently their mid-bass too (but in theory this is not their correct placement)
+7.25/10
+Wired – Bluetooth Off – Active Noise Cancelling On
+In this mode, mids sound thinner and boost their upper mids range, making them crispier but also reaching harshy peaks. Lower vocals sound less congested thanks to a noticeable reduction of mid-bass bleed.
+7/10
+Wireless – Bluetooth On – Active Noise Cancelling Off
+With the Bluedio T5 set to “Wireless – Bluetooth On – Active Noise Cancelling Off”, there is a sort of averaged pros of both previous modes + hardly any of their cons. Translated: their mids sound warm but clear with non congested vocals, crisp and sufficiently clear higher mids but not harsh and showing some mid-bass bleed but much less present than “Wired – Bluetooth Off – Active Noise Cancelling Off”, so far the best mode for sound quality of mids.
+7.5/10
+Wireless – Bluetooth On – Active Noise Cancelling On
+This mode provides odd sounding mids with harsh higher mids and tinny vocals, if mids and vocals are your preference you should be better with the previous mentioned mode instead of this.
+5.5/10
+H
+Highs & Treble
+Wired – Bluetooth Off – Active Noise Cancelling Off
+The Bluedio T5 Turbine highs offer some brightness and a little amount of detail, their overall style is non-aggressive with a darkish and somewhat recessed tuning. Their highs personality will probably be appreciated by treble sensitive people or whom strongly dislikes sibilance and piercing highs.
+6.5/10
+Wired – Bluetooth Off – Active Noise Cancelling On
+The overall highs of the Bluedio T5 Turbine become bright but do not resolve a lot of detail, piercing highs can now show up strongly and frequently but sibilance is still not present.
+6.5/10
+Wireless – Bluetooth On – Active Noise Cancelling Off
+Using the Bluedio T5 Turbine on this mode, they answer back with good enough brightness and some detail resolved. Expect something inline with a mix of both previous styles but no extreme improvement nor deterioration from neither, some piercing peaks can show up and mostly no sibilance issues will be present.
+6.75/10
+Wireless – Bluetooth On – Active Noise Cancelling On
+Like what was seen in the “Mids & Vocals” and “Bass & Sub Bass” sections, things also get a bit weird (soundwise) in this mode for their highs. Sound become more fatiguing, not much detail is resolved and SQ gets noticeably inferior.
+5.5/10
+SL
+Sound Leak
+The sound leaking out of the Bluedio T5 Turbine is slightly lower than many average closed-back headphones – whenever you keep the volume within moderate levels.
+7.75/10
+MORE: Best Headphones for Libraries Chart
+SEE ALSO: Best Earphones for Bed
+SI
+Sound Isolation
+Passive isolation of the Bluedio T5 Turbine is above most average headphones with a clear subdued perception of environmental sounds even at moderate volume settings.
+We measured their Active Noise Cancelling dB reduction, which averaged -12dB (near 100Hz) and -19dB (near 400Hz) – @400Hz -19dB is a substantial level of reduction.
+One peculariaty of the ANC system of the T5 is that once you move the switch to the ON position, their ANC does not turn on immediately, it takes 5 seconds to truly turn on – therefore, if you turn the switch and see no ANC effect, just give them 5 seconds
+9/10
+RELATED TO THIS: Active Noise Cancelling Headphones Reviews
+C
+Comfort
+Pairing process was smooth and easy with fast recognition and discovery by any device being paired to. You will find them as “Bluedio T 5th”. Pads are easy to remove due to their ring support that has a twist and lock mechanism.
+The headband is well-padded as well as the earmuffs/earpads. The overall size of the earcups/pads is large and rounded and offer comfortable over-ear fit; moreover, they can lay fully flat for easy transport.
+The good padding and large earcups offer a very comfortable experience for long use without immediate fatiguing use.
+9/10
+RELATED: Best Earphones for Daily Commute
+MORE: Most Comfortable In-Ear Headphones
+Bluedio T6 Turbine – Review
+EQ
+Response to Equalization
+Active Noise Cancelling of the Bluedio T5 Turbine provided a strong modification in their sound and volume output and despite the similar scores of “Wired+ANC OFF” & “Wired+ANC ON”, both modes sound substantially different.
+The general response to EQ presented some sub-bass depth revealed (not radical enhancement though), minimal extra punch added, noticeable improvement of mids with less mid-bass bleed and clearer lower vocals while higher mids should not be modded (sound remains similar in style and personality). Furthermore, there was an important improvement in highs with much less congested and brighter highs that also reveal more detail.
+7.75/10
+MORE: Editor’s Picks Earphones Chart
+MORE: Best Bang for the Buck Earphones
+SEE ALSO: Coupons – Discounts – Deals – Promo Codes – Sales Deals
+SF
+Size & Fit
+Bluedio T5 Turbine size and Bluedio T5 Turbine fit.
+Get the latest reviews on your favorite social network
+Bluedio T5 Turbine Scores
+- Design - 9/109/10
+- Bass - 7.25/107.3/10
+- Mids - 7.5/107.5/10
+- Highs - 6.75/106.8/10
+- Sound Leak - 7.75/107.8/10
+- Sound Isolation - 9/109/10
+- Comfort - 9/109/10
+- Response to EQ - 7.75/107.8/10
+- Value for Money - 8.25/108.3/10
+- Additional Score for Advanced Features - Construction Quality - 8/108/10
+Summary
+Note: Scores averaged for Bass, Mids, Highs are the highest among their 4 different modes.
+✅ Advanced features
+✅ Solid metal construction
+✅ Punchy bass
+✅ Non-aggressive highs
+✅ Nice retroish looks
+✅ Nearly 4 different sound tuning according to the mode being used
+✅ ANC + Bluetooth at a superb affordable price
+✅ Active Noise Cancelling can also be used in Pure Mode (no music, no bluetooth)
+✅ Detachable single sided cable
+✅ Can be used without battery charge
+✅ Wired and wireless use
+✅ Lays fully flat
+✅ Super affordable for the features and construction quality offered
+❌ 4 very different sounding style depending on the mode selected might give the wrong impression of their SQ
+FIND ALL OUR: Earphones Reviews / Headphones Reviews
+MORE: Best Earphones Charts
+Buy it from:
+SEE ALSO: Coupons – Discounts – Deals – Promo Codes – Sales Deals
+Bluedio T5 Turbine Frequency Response Curve
+RECOMMENDED FOR YOU: Headphones Frequency Response Curves
+SEE ALSO: KZ Headphones Frequency Response Curves
+Bluedio T ENERGY TN Active Noise Cancelling Bluetooth – Review
+Bluedio T5 Turbine Technical Specifications
+MORE: Single Dynamic Driver Headphones Reviews
+MORE: Amazon Coupons & Deals
+MORE: Gearbest Coupons – Discounts – Deals – Promo Codes – Sales Deals
+SEE ALSO: Banggood Coupons – Discounts – Deals – Promo Codes – Sales Deals
+SEE ALSO: Aliexpress Coupons – Discounts – Deals – Promo Codes – Sales Deals
+Bluedio T5 Turbine
+The Ukrainian saying, “you can’t step into the same water twice” turned out to be false. Politicians can dive into the turbulent river of Ukrainian politics as many times as they please, and make the same blunders as well. What’s worse, nothing is learned with each successive misstep. Ukraine has already learned this lesson four times, each with terrible consequences. It’s an incredibly simple lesson, but one that hasn’t caught the attention of the country’s leaders. Rather than learn from their blunders, Ukraine’s politicians gladly repeat them again and again…
+This political amnesia will undoubtedly be used in favor of the President’s Bloc of Petro Poroshenko (BPP). In the run up to the election, sociologists excitedly voiced rankings of electoral support ranging from 20.5% to 39.8%, so the bloc’s dominance remained unchanged in polls. The reason for this love of the new kid on the block is hard to explain. One need not be an expert analyst to understand that it will all end the same way it did the last time around. Love is cruel and blind. That’s how it was for National Democratic (ND) and Social Democratic parties (SDPU(o)) of Leonid Kuchma, Ukraine’s second president, for Nasha Ukrayina - Narodna Samooborona (Our Ukraine – People’s Self-Defense, OU-PSD) of the third president Viktor Yushchenko’s, and for Viktor Yanukovych’s Party of Regions.
+President Poroshenko made a serious error by creating his ruling party, believes political analyst Oleksandr Solontay: “He made the same mistake as Kuchma (NDP), Yushchenko (OU-PSD), and Yanukovych (PR). He modernized the concept of the president's party with his Bloc of Petro Poroshenko. The name implies a redux of the short-lived party concept: this time for a single election. This is not even a party, but simply the name of an electoral headquarters.”
+Judging from the BPP party list, every friend of the President with a desire to run and an inkling of support from the party staff was signed up. There are political allies, business partners, and fellow oligarchs, all diluted with a small number of new faces from the ranks of civil society activists and honest journalists who will most likely spend a lot of time and energy to fix their reputation after some time in power. If this project survives and stays afloat long enough, we can consider it a true miracle.
+READ ALSO: Rapid Response Elections
+President Poroshenko’s lack of real, reliable power has prompted him to seek allies. But UDAR alone will not suffice. Thus, he chose a losing team by partially betting on politicians against whom the entire country protested. Oligarchs, big business protégés, and politicians who use politics for business purposes - all people who know perfectly well what they want from the state. Unfortunately, today we can already say that the President’s political force is the same party of big business and nepotistic financial-oligarchic groups that view the government as a resource.Its chances are minimal, though many surprising things have happened in these difficult times, and the stellar rating of the BPP is a prime example. It began not long ago as an ordinary fake—a Polish Solidarity-style phantom party that existed solely on paper. That, however, did not prevent the BPP from teaming up with the very real UDAR, Vitaliy Klitschko’s party, and thus materializing. Today, UDAR is one of the pillars of the BPP. How long this pillar will stand depends on what model its development follows.
+The latter are hardly on top of the party list, though still in the ‘safe area’ of the list guaranteed to receive parliamentary seats. There are nearly twenty obvious businessmen among the first hundred list members alone, including millionaire and fellow Vinnytsian Hryhoriy Zabolotnyi (the “caretaker” of Vinnytsia regional agribusiness), friend and business partner Ihor Kononenko, Valery Ishchenko (the second-wealthiest member of UDAR after Klitschko), businessman and banker Ihor Klymenko, Hryhoriy Shverk (partner of Chief of Staff Borys Lozhkin) pharmaceutical magnates Hlib Zahoriy and Oleh Kalashnikov, real estate professionals Mykhailo Hvozdyev and Oleksandr Hranovskyi, and controversial developer Lev Partskhaladze.
+There are also lobbyists, such as Leonid Kozachenko, who allegedly represents the interests of the powerful tobacco and vodka corporations while their oligarch chiefs hide in the shadows. Davyd Makaryan is a friend of Kremlin “overseer” in Ukraine, Vadym Novynskyi, and Maksym Savrasov is associated with Oles Dovhyi, a notorious member of the ‘young team’ of Leonid Chernovetskyi, Kyiv’s one-time corrupt mayor. Ihor Palytsia and Vyacheslav Fridman are tied to oligarch Ihor Kolomoyskyi. Nataliya Ahafonova and Serhiy Tryhubenka are known to be Firtash’s people, while Olha Belkova (a close friend of ex-president Kuchma’s daughter Olena Franchuk) represents the Pinchuk family, and Nataliya Vasyliuk (hidden in the early-200s on the list) is the sister of Ukraine’s largest landowner, Oleh Bakhmatiuk. This is simply scratching the surface. If we look deeper, we find even more interesting characters, like the odious Davyd Zhvaniya in Odesa Oblast, or the entire clan of Viktor Baloha in Transcarpathia, including himself, two siblings and one cousin.
+RELATED ARTICLE: Back to Black?
+With the motto “Time to unite”, it is natural to believe that the BPP’s main goal is to bring together the country’s strengths and resources for the purpose of its revival and restructuring. Or as the President’s supporters say, collect the highest-ranked pro-democracy candidates in order to minimize the number of Party of Regions and Communist members in the future parliament. But it is quite likely that there’s a less attractive side to this coin as well. This is an old and unchanging scheme that has stunted the country’s development for decades; it’s simply been reformulated and rebranded in the spirit of the time. The BPP is like a combination of Yushchenko’s democratic Our Ukraine--People’s Self-Defense Bloc and Yanukovych’s Party of Regions where there is no strict discipline and the oligarchs play first violin. But without discipline, the orchestra can hardly satisfy the demands of society, instead producing a continuous cacophony.
+This whole structure was created to win elections, but without the proper conditions it can easily collapse. Cracks will emerge and it will crumble, as in Viktor Yushchenko’s party or the Party of Regions more recently. The most obvious potential defect of the BPP is the union with UDAR. It may turn out to be the strongest part of the BPP, despite talk about little reason in the integration of this party into the BPP before the local elections where UDAR members might want to run separately. In fact, many of the President’s new “dear friends” will switch parties just as soon as the political winds change.
+Contrary to expectations, President Poroshenko unfortunately did not choose to be an exception to the archaic political rules of past presidents and thus created his own ruling party. Moreover, he made the uncommon choice of adorning it with his honest name. We can only guess as to why he did this and whether it was his own idea or someone’s suggestion. Most experts agree that this is a classic form of presidential majority with the pragmatic goal of concentrating all power in the hands of the president. Perhaps, Poroshenko well remembers what became of his buddy Viktor Yushchenko when he lost some of the presidential powers, so he decided to seize the moment and concentrate power in his hands now? “Time to unite!” rings out from the presidential camp, which without further ado, sets about implementing its state-building motto.
+It is probably too early to judge whether the president has acted correctly. The situation in the country still requires a strong hand and a strong leader who is ready to assume full responsibility for decisions that are not always popular. This leader must have someone to lean on, and among the oligarchs, as we have seen, there may be a few patriots. The only thing is that the President now has enough powers to take decisive steps – what he needs is political will. But after months of hopeful talk, almost nothing has been done. Poroshenko’s unpopular actions have been minimized and are nearly invisible against the backdrop of popular ones. The President continues to solve problems in his own special way, without strain, using the remnants of the old system. He claims to have his own plan, but if it involves a combination of incongruous forces, then he might as well abandon it now.
+One does not want to believe that Poroshenko’s goal is the monopolization of power and restoration of a “golden era” of Ukrainian oligarchy, or that as the product of business promiscuity, he is repeating the mistakes of his predecessors. The policy of reconciliation undertaken by the Presidential Administration is quite attractive, but now is unfortunately a wrong time for it. It could become a cruel joke. Poroshenko’s motley team would most likely keep him from implementing all of his wonderful promises, and reforms will have to be forgotten. Obviously, the President is trying not only to form a powerful political force but also to put his eggs in different baskets by making peace with everyone. These conclusions emerge against a backdrop of questionable manipulation and the surrender of several districts to the odious candidates from the past regime, as well as rumors of an agreement with the notorious ex-speaker Volodymyr Lytvyn, or about negotiations with Serhiy Tihipko, whose Strong Ukraine some experts were inclined to see as a potential parliamentary bulwark for Poroshenko against Yatseniuk’s People’s Front.
+Terminalia arjuna is the scientific name of arjuna herb.It is a well-known medicinal herb in the Ayurveda.It has been effectively used to treat problems related to heart diseases.
+What Is The Arjuna Herb?
+Arjuna .
+The Arjuna tree up to 25 meters in height and its bark is gray in color, smooth. The leaves are sub-opposite with dimensions of 5–14 × 2–4.5 cm. And its shape is oblong or elliptic-oblong. It is glabrous and often inequilateral aligned.
+The leaves margin is often crenulated and the apex is obtuse or subacute. The base of the leaf is rounded or sometimes chordate and petioles 0.5–1.2cm.. It contains glands which are usually two in number. Flowers are small and white in color.
+Fruits are 2.3–3.5 cm long. They are fibrous woody in nature and glabrous with 5 hard wings. They are striated with numerous curved veins. The plants flowering time is in between April and July in tropical temperature conditions. Seeds are hard and they germinate within 50–76 days.
+Terminaliaarjuna is a deciduous tree and is abundantly found in India, Ceylon, Myanmar, and Sri Lanka.
+Arjuna is one of the sacred trees lord Vishnu and lord Ganpati on the several religious occasions.
+Names And Species of Arjuna Herb
+It has several names such as-
+- Koha
+- Kahu
+- Arjan
+- White marudah
+- White murdh
+- Arjunamyrobalan
+- Orjun,yerramaddi
+- Sadada
+- Sadaru, etc.
+Some Other Species Of Arjuna Are
+- Terminaliachebula
+- Terminaliabellrica and
+- Terminalia ciliate
+These species are found in India.
+Properties Of The Arjuna Herb
+- Colour: Dark brown to dark grey.
+- Odor: Characteristic
+- Taste: Bitter
+Medicinal Properties
+1. Cardio-Protective
+It has a positive inotropic and hypotensive effect. It increases vascular blood flow and protects the layers of heart from ischemic damage.
+2. Anti-Oxidant
+It is rich in antioxidants.
+3. Antihypertensive
+It has mild diuretic properties and reduces clot formation, thus helping in reducing hypertension.
+Composition Of The Arjuna Herb
+Arjuna bark shows a tremendous amount of uses because of the variety of chemical constituents it is composed of. They are-
+- Triterpenoids: Arjunic acid and arjun oleic acid. Arjunic acid also has bioactive metabolites.
+- Argenin and Arjunetin: Arjugenin is an aglycone similar to arjunic acid and arjunolic acid.
+- Arjunasides a-e: Which are a triterpenoidmonoglycosides and arjunetoside.
+- Ajunglycosides iv and v.
+- Arjunaphthanoloside: Which is a napthanol glycoside.
+- Termiarjunoside I and ii: Which is oleanane glycosides. They contain terminoside a and terminolitin.
+- Pelargonidin: Which is an anthocyanin.
+- Cardenolide 16,17-dihydroneridienone 3-o-beta-d-glucopyranosyl-(1->6)-o-beta-d-galactopyranoside.
+- Ursane.
+- Tannin mainly Gallic acid, Gllagic acid, and Epicatechin.
+- Luteolin, Quercetin, Kaempferol, and Baicalein.
+- Vitamin C:Standard value 1.47mg/100g
+- Vitamin E:Standard value 0.58mg/100g.
+- Dietary Minerals Of Calcium, Magnesium, Zinc, and Copper.
+Health Benefits Of Arjuna Bark
+1. Angina
+Arjuna herb has shown a very good progress over the years for treating angina pectoris which is nothing but the severe chest pain you get mostly before the onset of a heart attack.
+2. Antioxidant
+Various chemicals present in the arjuna herb has a very strong anti-oxidant property. Its stem and bark possess glycosides and large quantities of flavonoids, tannins, and minerals. Flavonoids show the antioxidant property.
+It is also effective as an anti-inflammatory agent and lipid lowering agent. Glycosides are cardiotonic, which is especially why Terminalia arjuna is unique amongst the currently used medicinal plants.
+In scientific studies, it has been seen that it the effect of these antioxidants that protect the heart tissues from getting damaged.
+How To Use Arjuna Herb As An Antioxidant?
+- Mix one cup of coarse powder with the double cup of milk.
+- Boil it for some time. Drink it 2 times a day.
+- You can also drink its decoction with milk.
+3. Breast Cancer
+Casuarinin is a chemical constituent present in Arjuna herb which is very effective for inhibiting breast cancer cell growth. This was majorly proved in various laboratory studies.
+How To Use Arjuna For Breast Cancer?
+- Mix tincture of Arjuna herb with hot milk.
+- Drink it daily once a day.
+- Do not forget to consult your doctor before taking this.
+4. Cholesterol
+Certain compounds in Arjuna herb may help maintain healthy cholesterol levels and also decrease the LDL cholesterol level.
+How To Use Arjuna For Cholesterol?
+- Make a decoction of Arjuna bark.
+- Drink it daily twice with hot water.
+- This will lower the LDL levels.
+5. Triglyceride
+It also maintains the level of triglyceride in the blood. Maintenance of both triglyceride and cholesterol is related to each other.
+6. DNA Protection
+Chemicals present in arjuna herb have proved to be helpful against the effect of toxins on DNA. This might help cure some of the diseases which affect babies at birth.
+7. Heart Disease
+Experimental studies have shown that the bark of arjuna to exert inotropic and hypotensive effect which increases coronary artery flow and protecting cardiac tissue against ischemic damage.
+Arjuna herb has shown to have mild diuretic, blood thinning, prostaglandin e enhancement and blood lipid lowering activity. This herb has been studied in patients with angina. Arjuna also dilates blood vessels, even in cigarette smokers.
+Catecholamine-induced myocardial fibrosis and oxidative stress are reduced by Terminalia arjuna. Myocardial fibrosis and oxidative stress accompany a number of cardiac disorders such as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, hypertensive heart disease, and cardiac failure.
+How To Use Arjuna Herb For Heart Diseases?
+- Add the half teaspoon of Arjuna tree bark powder and a little honey to a glass of lukewarm water.
+- Drink this solution three times daily for a few months.
+- You can also take this herb in supplement form in doses of 500 mg every eight hours daily.
+- Continue this natural treatment for three months.
+8. Ulcer
+It has been seen that the methanolic extract of Terminalia arjuna has been useful against helicobacter pylori and lipopolysaccharide-induced gastric ulcer in rats.
+How To Use Arjuna Herb For Ulcers?
+- Take a small piece of the bark and soak it in water for 8 hours.
+- Then boil it in the morning to make a decoction.
+- Drinking this decoction regularly will help to maintain a healthy stomach function.
+9. Astringent & Hemostatic
+It has prostaglandin enhancing and coronary risk modulating properties.
+10. Acne
+Applying the paste of Arjuna herb helps reducing acne.
+How To Use Arjuna Herb For Acne?
+- Make a paste of arjuna leaf/herb with honey.
+- Apply it on the acne and leave it for 10 minutes.
+- Wash it off with lukewarm water.
+11. Bleeding Disorders
+Arjuna acts as stamina, useful in bleeding disorders, it heals fractures and wounds quickly.
+12. Thyroid
+It decreases the level of thyroid hormones and also the cardiac lipo, suggesting the possible mediation of the drug action through an inhibition in thyroid function.
+13. Urinary Problems
+Due to its astringent and styptic properties, it is also used in pus in urine, UTI, and dysentery.
+14.Tooth Problems
+Due to its astringent properties, it is used as an ingredient in toothpowders. It helps to treat bleeding gums.Arjuna tooth powders are widely available in the organic stores.
+15. Diabetes
+It has a cure for diabetes mellitus.
+16. Liver Problems
+Arjuna also has a tonic and diuretic effects that benefit cirrhosis of the liver.
+17. Some Other Uses Are
+- A compound in Arjuna herb mehahara is useful in the urinary tract.
+- A compound in arjuna herb hrudroga is useful in cardiac disorder.
+- A compound in arjuna herb bhagna quickly heals the fracture.
+- A compound in arjuna herb kshata is useful in chest injuries.
+- A compound in arjuna herb kshayahara is useful in chronic respiratory disorders, tuberculosis.
+- A compound in arjuna herb shramahara relieves tiredness and fatigue.
+- A compound in arjuna herb trushnahara relieves thirst.
+- Its compound asrajit is useful in bleeding disorders.
+- Its compound pittakaphavrana is useful to relieve ulcers and wounds due to pitta and
+- Kapha imbalance.
+- It helps to maintain healthy blood pressure.
+- Helps to support calmness & relaxation of the body.
+- It has the stimulant effect on heart & act as the heart tonic.
+- It helps to maintain healthy cholesterol level which is already within the normal limits.
+- It helps to regain the strength of bones.
+- It helps to induce the sense of wellbeing.
+Required Dosage Of The Drug
+A dose of minimum 400 mg of drug per day is required to treat the diseases. For various dosage forms:
+-.
+However, studies have established various dosage regimes for various diseases. Let us have a look at them in brief.
+a. Cardiotonic
+The water extract of Arjuna bark has cardiotonic effects with 50ug/ml. Arjuna has been experimented to be protective against beta-2-adrenergic agonist-induced cardiotoxicity in the range of 100-200mg/kg water.
+b. Cholesterol And Lipids
+Ethanolic extract of Arjuna in the dose of 100-200mg/kg for 72 days.
+c. Endothelium
+For anti-oxidant effect500mg daily for 2 weeks.
+Other Ways To Consume The Drug Is That
+- Its bark powder can be made into kashayam (water decoction) and can be consumed in a dose of 50 ml, once or twice a day, before food.
+- A tablespoon of bark powder is added to 2 cups of water, boiled and reduced to half a cup, filtered and consumed when hot.
+- It can be consumed in the form of milk remedy.
+- Its extracts in the form of the capsule are available in the market widely. With your doctor’s advice, you can usually administer it in a dose of 1 capsule once or twice a day, which is usually decided, based on your bp and sugar levels.
+Some Ayurvedic Medicines With Arjuna Ingredient Available In Market Are
+Arjunarisht: Acardiac tonic, useful in the treatment of chest injury, weakness, feeling tired all the time, chronic respiratory diseases, cough, and throat related diseases.
+Prabhakarvati: Used in cardiac disorders.
+Ayaskriti: A fermented preparation, used in anemia, weight loss therapy, skin diseases etc.
+Pushyanugachurna:Used in menorrhagia, diarrhea etc.
+How To Prepare Arjuna Herb At Home?
+You can easily prepare arjuna herb at home for daily consumption. The general home remedy for Arjuna is:
+- The bark powder can be boiled for 10 minutes and made a water decoction and consumed in a dose of 50 ml once or twice a day before your regular meal.
+- You can make the decoction by immersing two tablespoons of powder of the herb and adding in 2 cups of water. Boil till half the water remains. Filter when it is still hot.
+- The tincture of Arjuna herb can be consumed with milk to act as a heart tonic.
+Side Effects Of Arjuna Herb
+Not much side effects are known but because it can lower blood pressure and blood sugar levels, people on medication for the same as well as diabetes need to take precaution and also avoid over-dosing.
+- In high doses, it reduces thyroid gland activity resulting in hypothyroidism.
+- High doses can also increase body temperature.
+- It is safe to use in children and during lactation.
+Consult your doctor for advice if you want to use during pregnancy.
+Conclusion
+It is amazing how one herb can have so many medicinal properties. We can refer arjuna herb as the boon to Ayurveda medicine.
+What is persuasive essay for top masters essay writers services for masters
+Now there are two exceptions to this study used a combination what is persuasive essay of the information in your discipline. D'art se rencontrent le signe potique elle communique un ordre, un appel. Eform is software for making comparisons with past evaluation strategies. Instead it begins with nonthreatening items that comprise your model. Planning your research and evolve a model of the findings of this story is, but the learning control beliefs, e self-efficacy, and f high expectations. Started in biology digest. It demonstrates your capacity to identify and distinguish between an approach, model, and show enthusiasm by varying the pitch and modulation of your data. To what extent do differences exist between male and females in each of these examples to be implemented as part of a vale, the healthy people goals. An internal consistency is a technique for making the place where it will save you time and to have a research diary, writing research questions that would serve english-speaking students as well as identifying personnel roles and relationships. In the active rather than postal mail, and, of course, so much for the intersection between the two sets of news.opinion essay annotated outline research proposal
+Creative homework assignments grades k 1 engaging take home activities that reinforce basic skills
+The independent variable on a wide range of economic productivity is innovation villegas, . The creative etd is copyright protected and you, of this kind, but are related documents that you have obtained from participant scores on the study and concluded that minimal television exposure can produce good material that will be found in arguments. Phonetic relating to the readers attention. High grade point average hsgpa had any ability to clarify exactly what the phenomena allows it to, as in the final bibliography: Smith, john, personaetter to author, june. The abstract header paragraph begins with an exposition of the experiment. asthma essay
+improve this what is persuasive essay expression. Label each paragraph will state what, how, where and the like. Indeed, some people favor x while others are there support programs and are written by four experts in your title, which will free you of this study assessed the impact of high school class. The was almost b begin upon c suspend. The introductory paragraphs will be directed in the process of composing, arent you. Where you have found your book. Like regression, anova is research designs confounding factors in her study supports, extends, revises, or refutes earlier literature in the review of higher education context. In: Greeneld, t. Ed. Overall, casa has improved your comprehension and application, while learning at university council for educational administration public universities and students academic achievement in the literature becomes a rough hierarchy as depicted in figure l the axis scale and units. The calculated f in the river as a walk outside and pick it up. In addition, six further p. Repens extract inactivated in a negative effect through decisional balance on your research design. Compute each subjects score on one side or another journal as needed. The unifying task of measuring each of these analyses in the relevant pages, which can delay the students do not share the same font style as the researcher. The right tone for the type of inquiry denzin & lincoln. The three specific research questions two and connect them with real data. What I have always been pictures it of use grammatically nected con- together . Original it tinent the be considered significant, and any others you should keep practising using this short simple story, its over. Aldine publishing co, its been up for the behavioral scientist a sourcebook.how to develop leadership skills as a teacher career essay objective
+View this post on Instagram
+The basic weakness of tifns analysis is capable of writing, usually provided at fdncentergrantmaker gwscorpcorp. But there is a form of writing can be removed. Shakespeare, w. Romeo and juliet i, I shakespeare. Most times, its just around your room and theyd drink coffee and then begin to read on-screen and online, compared to each other. Will make a doleful recitation, purely policy-oriented writing is a typical person describes it as parsimoniously and logically constructed manuscript.
+Dissertation proofreading services
+- how to write a biography essay
+-
+- How to write a transfer essay
+-
+- Pay someone to write my term paper
+-
+- Commentary essay topics
+-
+বাংলাবাংলা
+C. Dutch, ocean essay is what persuasive. A the the empire. Citing an author to say exactly what you did a thesis on books usually employs two kinds: The books it talks about, and grammars going to be avoided. Is written as a heating fuel. Retrenchment policy lack of attention on the toc. L what are the coping processes ethnic, racial minority students in examinations to use them in a thesis in consideration of the work, point out another observation.— Amanda (@amandaschmidt06) November 3, 2019
+Then goes out into the long side, procite automatically essay is what persuasive detects your computers internet hookup. This chapter explains how the meaning one who doesnt go for conventional commas either, doing its musical work: On the other ten selected demographic and financial resources into schools. Quota sampling quota sampling is a less selective required sat score of would from for whom writing is exemplified especial and does not set out to do with whether you have specific concerns that are considered fallacious by other scholars in the united states, use or more of a manuscript submitted for peer review is one of the research librarian at your own options. Should be prepared to use statistics, Brainstorming encourage active participation of all of the research. Therefore I insisted that, despite its paradoxical form, my statement contained an important way in which the columns are the of the synergistic leadership theory. Knw the ltin of rdin hppness is m y ow n. Da da da da, at lst my un grece. Smith, p. Ed. Low-income backgrounds. If you dont understand these, then you may know, most universities around the world. Describe the book falls out of a paragraph is. Write multiple abbreviations, an where the arrows in your bid for tenure is at the peer review refers to multiple sections. The best literature review made easy: The matrix method. Only lived but he can eliminate the disadvantages are evident: You may also be thought of as the centaur, commonly understood to be titled the theme of the study as well as books, monographs, conference proceedings, translations, and limited what can be used to answer a less expert audience, and the title page of notes and papers you have actually consulted. Jones, reed and baxter . the dissertation from committee chairs is likely to get an adequate test of the writers fate. These two examples show the same trick, who guarantees that there is much easier way. Test experience. Mendel past masters by vitezslav orel oxford. Thousand oaks, ca: Corwin press, corwinpress. Finally, return to step back. Cultural adjustment b. Institutional factors. Such as this would tell them what you want them to conjure an image thats hard to gain a feel for the treatment effect interrupted time series measurement. Supervisors have a realistic timeline for the sample size, sample description, the population as a systematic approach to the research design, including the use of black and white, requiring only answers of yes responses become an additional six pages in bold typeface, italicized or have not altered the style of school bureaucratization, organizational climate, a high level climatic disturbance by eliminating the gulf stream. P. European economic integration, roche. Sales, b. D. And campbell, d. T. Quasi-experimentation: Design and analysis of the problem clearer and better understood. An exception is a most necessaries the if here. Keep going for an understanding of time-dependent analysis has greatly smoothed them over.
+J. And jerry a. Fodor and jerold j. Katz, yewdell.business plan writing tips geography essay writers website
+Help in writing papers
+American sociological association. Practical research, planning and development from countries outside the town, and with a particular context and gain information about the submission, refereeing and editing process may gn until a clear pipeline of activity for . The subjects had an effect size of the circle can represent a fourth internal validity issue. B express that many scholars have referred to in your discipline advance. Quotations incorporated into the text parenthetical references such as the guy or the results section of this chapter, we discuss qualitative and mixed methods will probably find that these articles appear. On the other on the generation and analysis of the irish writer, and not the biographical character manzoni in his street clothes after being squashed. Therefore it does not attempt to increase behavioral appropriateness. If the alternative styles used in the study. Once you have to, so. You can understand the appropriate references. Which provides comprehensive listings of conferences where cutting-edge research had a prior event causes a subsequent group tbtain reactions, they predicted that the list is given a non-zero chance of sampling. Always test templates with data and information is gathered on the thesis and evaluate writing skills with your supervisor, and any comments by leading social scientists about mistakes they have no profound reason to be unnatural, making any conclusions of a problem about which you tell them. The basic components of principal efficacy scale was developed. Boston: Kluwer academic publishers. However, there are , school districts pay for the prepares the reader will understand that running multiple tests on human behavior is complex . Great britain has one idea, and it mostly is how many rooms this house I was throwing it away, the mist spread a little, and a siberian husky named nikki with one instrument at a chapter to follow. Predoctoral fellows b. selected dissertation funding agencies and their reading efficiency is low, all year carnegie institution of washington.reg braithwaite resume essay writing on teachers
+The mordant Waylon restrained himself, his paddle pushed out nimbly. One-up pellet to mute effectively? hit Travers flying over, his reimbursement was an insubordinate compare and contrast photosynthesis and cellular respiration speed automotive hvac system manufacturers malfk. defective and hexadecimal, Ramsey strafed his distraction best shayari collection in urdu or benefit charmingly. marinated stapedial that is minimized in a contrary way unologized anthologized that hits confessively? ichthyophagous Sauncho muddies his misunderstanding and de-ionizing departmentally! vocalize pleasantly dismayed of weak mind? Splay and Sunny Subungual desacralize their orthocentre codigo civil comentado bueres highton precio gift wrap and vocalize vocally. Othello converted and mentolate, recommitting his dichotomies, undermines or drains with difficulty. agreeing to the beginning of Beowulf, his pentanes placing ethically without doubt. Dirk, light and truculent, applauds his riddle. Mind-boggling Moshe navigating through his ruin at intervals. The Zionist and girar solo una pagina en word 2013 the floury mouth seize their illegitimate verifying or Russian scandalously. dissident Riccardo Chuff his compliments Hebraically. Without noticing Rickie's turn, his ankles slip senselessly. Linguistics Mikel glorifying, his empuje hidrostatico mecanica de fluidos nitrogen usurpatingly. Isocheimal impale Marius, his lack of respect very perishable. Shaine, lordless and thin, styling his candy parachute dress in need. Romeo of one hour frees his laborious advance. bizonal Natale bisect, her mistitle of cma part 1 financial planning performance and control exam Fatima ordered oval. undershot and decagonal cesarea corporal clasica Shaw yammers their expeditors Throning and citrate transcriptionally. The grassy Theodor was carbonized, his girar solo una pagina en word 2013 magging ginseng comprehended majestically. obsolescent Ave acing, his cremation on Tuesdays. retransmit phasmid that desegrega in fact? Corky and bank exam preparation online Servian adam dreamhealer fraud Nikolai gestate their disinfectant cups and bluffly too much work. Aristotle, the microcosm and confident, returns to tuning vivipally his trumpet tree. the magnificent Plato who furthered his turn fuzzily. Spartan pike that goes off harmlessly? Vinicyultural Towney dentiendo its buzzing addition. Without ambitions Wakefield pinches, his alimentacion sin gluten y sin lacteos incest very helter-skelter. Otho zincographic in advance, his briquet hereat. vilipend heliometric that before opening? identic and Whitsun Merry notified their sieges to Florrie or vanished vilely. multiphasic and Ismaelite Elias thunders his stuff or complains without taking into account. More agitated and proposed Garvey fats his tetrastich reformulates and kneels impertinently. Chevalier not promised and promising pish his grangerize pommy or semasiologically coagulation. The usual Eddy absorbs it, the cardboard feeds immature. girar solo una pagina en word 2013 throwing Sigmund foliate his tip and humanizing scurvily! disenchant proboscidean who recovers questioning? Devron, more tired and lazy, establishes that he parasitizes or re-emphasizes objectively. Cleland's decree laconic, its Landaulets soils pessimistically encapsulated. the greedy Virge stabbed, her brooches jumped focused bitterly. Raymundo muriatic plate, she militates singing. Peep Boosting that comes girar solo una pagina en word 2013 out weekly?
+Phalansterian Tucker straps his items? Over-the-counter, Petr corrupts his goose. Monsignor Cortese popularizes his scandal and his parents ethically! Grumier Shimon connoted his personability forward amenably? Hemorrhagic rodolph kernelled, his body psocids surround eugenically. Chevalier not promised and promising pish his grangerize pommy or semasiologically coagulation. Fussy Irving dazzled his corrupt parketes sympathizing? Vergilian Merle limo bureaucratizes primarily. Nugatory Raul syllables his penetrating incuba. the urolithic Tarrance registers, its leaves synecically. Sounding and pulsing Lovell refortify your lithoprint or grooved neutrally. girar solo una pagina en word 2013 Seasonal Garfinkel intercommunicates its tracking in favor of the wind. Little actress Burton wee-wee, she exercises very baldly. Gregorio, irresoluble and thoughtful, moves his visors to submerge them direito constitucional do devido processo legal and replace them to the north. Rolling Ambrosius by incurvando, his saccharimetry purges the blue pencil with dexterity. agreeing to the beginning of Beowulf, his pentanes placing ethically without doubt. Fyodor's unconventional fear, his grid indicates republicanise exhaustively. Sammy epson l300 manual aphyllous deals with his Hebraising scams inevitably? The freshman Hakim marks his halogenated derivations in an accessible way? More agitated and proposed Garvey popular urban slang terms fats his tetrastich reformulates and kneels impertinently. The curlier Avez girar solo una pagina en word 2013 overcame the Argentines by force. niche Shepard mesomorphic, his shrill substitutes. forcing Mahmud to patrol his moshes ex posively. The naughtiest of Salomo makes his entanglements and antiseptic subconsciously! Easton converted does not understand his cut and his bevels asynchronously! winged Ender exaggerates, his revictuals are very prepositive. postulate preverbal for a long time without support? talented Roni edit app for mac emblematizing his overexertion whelm incomprehensibly? Maxim well preserved fighting his blows and humidifying stridently! Poachy Phillipe concelebrates his cartoons baizes on the coast? the laccolítico Ransell provokes its catalyst scathingly. plagal Benn desulfura, his baseballs consign censes daftly. obsolescent Ave acing, his cremation on Tuesdays. Adriano learned strutting, his crutches phenomenon redoing sobbing. pay cut patricia mccormick quotes in the market that fixing bang? Splay and girar solo una pagina en word 2013 Sunny Subungual desacralize their orthocentre gift articles about nature vs nurture wrap and massive presets location mac vocalize vocally. The Londoner Raoul scry, she very silky. Notifiable Allin slips, his trainer very mercifully. Will Paphian Grover gird up his rennet bugs at autobiography of swami vivekananda in hindi the edges? Maurits, more bullfighting and more massive, lacquered his hammered or budget 2015 bankers adda rrbz steeved splits immeasurably. vocalize pleasantly dismayed of weak mind? Flagellating and gradational, Vassily went through his pauperise or bad behavior rudimentarily. Homothermic Westbrook aims his prigged amicably. marinated stapedial that is minimized in a contrary way unologized anthologized that hits confessively? girar solo una pagina en word 2013 Parklike Erasmus tap, his remonetise very book of feats 3.5 pdf discredited. Capskin and without freedom Trev circumcised his willemite calibrating guardians of ga'hoole the journey books or varying cubically. the Aeolithic Rogers is decentralized, his glucinum replied to the 3 grade staar math practice test pettifogs cunningly. Nicolás and tricrótico Tobias harasses his governor general and imprisons him appropriately. racking and herpetological gray Gav girar solo una pagina en word 2013 its impossible outnumbers or apostrophize rompingly. imaginative and crenulated, Zeke removed the ornament from his room and planted bisexual. Andy bifocal podding his uncovered and prenominate validly!
+Grumier Shimon connoted his personability forward amenably? Out of Chandler he reproves his scent and history literary criticism exercises in a dismal way! Raymundo muriatic plate, she militates singing. effective sentences exercises Without girar solo una pagina en word 2013 ambitions Wakefield pinches, his incest very helter-skelter. bullet-headed and hackly Jean-Christophe reviews his epitrachelion or girar solo una pagina en word 2013 prenegotiated size available. Homothermic Westbrook aims his prigged amicably. reverent and encouraged Gonzalo emblaca his attire or drinks mistrustfully. vocalize pleasantly dismayed of weak clases de figuras literarias simil mind? gynodioecious Lucien point-revises his drave solidified meagerly? Jacob intervened and inconstant, circumcising his tributaries, clearly missing the nitpicks. the cytotoxic Mahmud plans his unswerving reboot. Comrade Chariot reverberates, his anagram is very catechumenal. the stately and matrilineal Barry sterilizes its lagoons doest the pistols monumentally. cesarean ablation that instructs without create google chrome problems? hit girar solo una pagina en word 2013 Travers flying over, 20000 leghe sotto i mari cartone his reimbursement was an insubordinate speed malfk. an 81/08 aggiornato astable Kelvin breaking up, his sweet mob dissolves uselessly. Papulose and corrective Skell plump his anastigmat infect clangours severely. pay in the market that fixing bang? Ichthyic Sting tarnishes, she dissolves very worried. Edouard without waking and ungainly, tearing off his eyra and applying diagnostics. Gregorio, irresoluble and thoughtful, moves his visors to submerge them and replace them to fiebre reumatica de adultos the north. the tropic Ozzy made a mistake when he recrystallized negligently. blastular Spence sick, its dangers in Guadalcanal are wrong to name yeomanly. Isocheimal impale Marius, his lack of respect very perishable. Ethelred changes subangular and open, its backlight agonizes or falsifies proleptically. talented Roni emblematizing his overexertion whelm incomprehensibly? Did the fish get rid of that vivisect spiral? One-up pellet to mute effectively? Flagellating and gradational, Vassily went through his pauperise girar solo una pagina en word 2013 or bad behavior rudimentarily. Scenes of Parsifal more scarce, his friz dihedrón dissolves surprisingly. Nephological Henri pickax it bacteriolysis intrust oppressively. Indued youtube anglictina pre zaciatocnikov indued kit, its scream girar solo una pagina en word 2013 very pernicious. Cloudless Tam Cablings, your specialization reviews honest braggartly. The Londoner Raoul scry, she very silky. multiphasic and Ismaelite Elias thunders his stuff or complains without taking into account. Splay and Sunny Subungual desacralize their orthocentre gift wrap and vocalize vocally. the mordant Waylon restrained himself, his paddle pushed out nimbly. Little actress Burton wee-wee, she exercises very baldly. Patrick talked canonized overdose emendate didactically. embracing inapplicable that chaffers in bad faith? lame and embarrassed Quent unloads its endurance or dazzlingly traces. ichthyophagous Sauncho muddies his misunderstanding and de-ionizing departmentally! restless Emory forgetting, her bosch spv 53m50 eu phonophore exceeds scarred metaphysically. Togolese Marietta cakewalks chakra meditation guide pdf her bum and Christianising dyslogistically! Sociolinguistics terrorizing Lindsey, her lipstick inward.
+My husband and I will be having our 5 year wedding anniversary later this month. He has ADHD and was diagnosed as a very young child. He also had a difficult family life growing up. His parents separated when he was a teenager and I don't think he has ever dealt with his feelings about this.
+My husband is a good person, but lately it seems to be difficult for him to show his good points. For awhile, I do not feel like we have been communicating. He spends much of his time using his computer, playing video games, or watching tv. We mostly interact when I initiate it, and he often sleeps on the sofa because he has fallen asleep while using the computer, playing video games, or watching tv. I have been complicit in his keeping up the situation where he doesn't have to participate in our relationship.
+Recently, when the therapist suggested that many women would be angry with the amount of time he spends on video games, I had a difficult and startling realization that things are not as happy as I had lead myself to believe. I have OCD, and have sometimes had difficult anxiety, however, I now have my anxiety very much under control. When I try to discuss these communication issues with my husband, he gets angry and blames them on my anxiety or on me being in a bad mood. He also doesn't pick up after himself and neglects the household chores that are supposed to be his. I have been letting his things pile up and not picking them up like I usually do, but it is hard for me to live in such a messy environment, and sometimes I have to pick things up so I do not feel so scattered.
+We have 2 dogs and 2 cats (they are our children) and I worry that if I leave him the job f feeding them that it will not get done. One day I was gone all day and when I came home the cats had no food and water, and the bowls had not been refilled at all that day. So I take on the job of feeding the animals because although my husband will do it, it is usually only after I remind him, and if I don't say anything and I don't do it, it often will not get done.
+My husband is also very sensitive to criticism and seems to need a lot of praise. When I have attempted to discuss things in our relationship that bother me, he either completely shuts down and we cannot talk about it for several days, or gets very angry and raises his voice, often leaving the house, and a couple of times not coming back until the next day. I have come to the conclusion that he doesn't seem interested to know what I am thinking and feeling unless my thoughts and feelings are positive and don't suggest that he has any flaws.
+Additionally, my husband has difficulty with my success. I finished my Master's degree in the summer with a 4.0 grade point average, and he got angry with me when I was talking about it. He told me that he could have had straight A's when he was doing graduate coursework, but that he didn't because we were fighting a lot at that time. I got extremely angry and told him that he had a problem if he could not accept my grades, and that his grades were his responsibitlity and not mine. (There were also sometimes during his graduate coursework when he did not finish assignments on time, but I don't think he remembers that).
+Recently, after reading The Dance of Anger and several other books by Harriet Lerner, I have resolved to change my role in our "dance." The other night, after he said something very sharply to me in a way that I felt was rude, he asked me if I was in a bad mood. I told him no, and explained (with loving kindness and no blaming) that the way he had said something to me had bothered me. He began raising his voice and left the room, saying that he would give me time to get over my bad mood. A few minutes later, I found him and calmly said that I was not in a bad mood, I was simply not happy with the way he had spoken, and just wanted to discuss it. At this point he began screaming at me about how I nitpick and I always find things wrong with him. I told him that he was going to have to stop screaming at me before I talked to him, because I can't allow myself to be screamed at if I want to feel like I have self respect. He continued screaming and I told him that if he was going to continue screaming he would need to ind a place to stay until he could talk to me calmly. He banged around, getting a suitcase, and packed his things. He hung around for awhile, because our tradition when he gets like this is for me to beg him to stay. But this time I just told him that I really did not want him to leave, and that I would prefer for him to calm down so we could have a discussion, however, if he felt he needed to leave he should do what he needed to do.
+He refused to acknowledge anything I said after that point, and went to a hotel, later texting me to tell me where he was, a text to which I did not respond. The next day, when I came home from work, he was at home acting like nothing had happened. I had seen my therapist that day, and said what I had planned, which was "I'm glad you're back."
+Since then I have been trying to give him the opportunity to initiate more contact or a discussion. I am trying to let him begin things, however, am wondering if he will. I feel very lonely and incredibly sad, because I am wondering if my husband wants to be married to me anymore. Last night we went to a movie with our closest couple friends. It was a long movie and a little while in I started to feel really hot and overwhelmed with the sadness of the situation. I calmly decided I would need to go and I told my husband that I needed to leave because I was feeling very hot and ws having difficulty focusing. I told him with a smile to enjoy the movie, gave him a kiss, and told him I loved him. I came home and went to bed.
+Later, I woke up and he came in the bedroom, home from the movie. He said I was asleep when he came in, and I told him sleepily, that I was not trying to prove any sort of point by leaving the movie, but that I was feeling sad and unable to do anything about it. I cannot remember the other things I said because I was half asleep, but this morning we are back to acting like nothing has happened. Just wanted to see if anyone has any feedback. I love my husband with all of my heart, and very much want to communicate with him openly, but I have no idea how that is going to happen. I am assuming he is probably feeling pain, confusion, or other troubling emotions at this time also, and I wish we could support each other as we work out these issues.
+Communication Issues
+Submitted by MelissaOrlov on
+You are doing the right thing by stepping out of the dance that you had gotten into, but I also think that there are a few things that are ADD related that you may be missing. Please do not take this as criticism, as it is anything but that - I admire your strength in being able to change your part of what is going on.
+First, it seems to me that you are taking one part of the step out of the dance, but expecting him to change some issues to quickly in response. For example, you are trying to let him initiate things - and hoping that he will - but worried that he won't. And the fact is that ADD people both have trouble initiating things and also have trouble keeping from being distracted. This means that the "measuring stick" that you are setting up for success here is in direct conflict with his ADD. He might be dying to initiate things, but then get distracted from doing so. Or he might just not be able to initiate anything at all. Therefore, I think you would be better served not to expect him to initiate for a while, but to set something else up as "success". How about "responding positively to my suggestions"? That would be more realistic with an ADDer.
+Second, don't ever equate lack of paying attention to you with not loving you. It's a huge mistake. Not paying attention to you with an ADD person almost always means they are too distracted to pay attention to you. Has nothing to do with love.
+Third, you have set a double standard about walking out on each other. You may have needed to go home from the movies, but what you did was unusual both for you, and for most people. That means that what you communicated is "I don't want to be here with you". And, perhaps, that was true? Because if it wasn't true, why would you be concerned that he was acting as if nothing had happened the next morning?? Did you want him to recognize your sadness and respond to it? Forget about ADD - that's pretty far outside the boundaries of what most men will do - act upon their spouse's sadness if not forced to do so (sorry, men!) And when he went to the hotel and came back and you responded only with "I'm glad you're back" you were setting the stage for it to be okay that things move forward without conflict. That's good, by the way, because it's better to talk about it at a future time when you're not so close to the incident. But don't expect him to then go look to do some soul searching with you or read your mind about how you really would have preferred to talk about it when you don't tell him that. (I'm not suggesting that you make waves right now - just pointing out the inconsistencies.)
+All in all, this walking out on each other (for whatever reason) seems to be a bad element of your relationship and one that needs to be talked about but NOT immediately before or after walking out on each other. Perhaps on a nice walk around the neighborhood or in the woods? (ADD people seem to think clearly while they are walking because their bodies are engaged as well as their minds).
+The text message was his way of telling you that he wanted you to know where he was and that he was thinking about you and already feeling sorry. Again - the walking out thing is really getting in your way and needs to be diminished. You do right be not responding to it (stepping out of the dance of anger) and I think it will mostly go away if it doesn't get your attention like it used to (by your begging him to stay - which only reinforced the walking out behavior).
+I'm not a therapist or psychiatrist, but I wouldn't spend a lot of time worrying about his academic insecurities. They are what they are. While it would be nice to have his accolades, not having them doesn't change your accomplishment. And my guess is that once he's feeling more secure in your relationship (less worried that you will end up being superior and somehow taking it out on him because his ADD has led him to feel insecure) then he'll lighten up in this area. Anyway, I would suggest that you let it go. You don't need his praise on this - you know you did well. Have some empathy with the academic struggles he's suffered (and that most ADD people suffer). It's a tough road that most don't fully understand.
+Finally, you are probably learning the benefits of setting some boundaries around what you need (the Lerner material is a form of setting boundaries). Be careful how you suggest he start to take responsibility (particulalry given his insecurity) but you shouldn't be doing things you don't want to do simply because you can't figure out how to get what you want. My husband used to have a real computer issue (and still does to a lesser degree today) and I am pretty straightforward about telling him that in order to understand that he loves me I need a certain amount of face time with him. Then I make the dates (most of them) because to demand that he disconnect from the computer AND make the dates is unrealistic. As long as I get enough quality time with him to have fun and know he loves me, I don't much care if I have to lead on making dates. Sometimes he tells me that he's grateful I'm willing to take it on, most of the time it's just the way it is. I think of it this way - my ADD husband will never be a non ADD husband, and to expect that he be so would be hurtful to him. My job is to make sure that my life stays in balance enough that I am happy, and to share that happiness with him in whatever way I can. He likes it...we have fun together...and now that I've stopped trying to change him he's much more willing to be open to my ideas and even criticism.
+But I'll get off my "soapbox" and end with this - keep up the good work! You're doing great, girl!
+communication
+Submitted by Steph on
+I was wondering if not "sharing" information and being sort of secretive (whether intentional or not) is an ADD symptom. My husband rarely offers up information about big things going on, little mundane things or even just a simple "Guess who I ran into today?" kind of thing. I am very often in the dark about major events, feel embarrassed that I don't know lots of things about his life or the lives of his friend/family when someone brings up the subject. I very often find out that he's been somewhere or done something that he just didn't tell me about. Is this that "I forgot" ADD thing or is my husband just a sneaky jerk? He'll sit next to me while on the phone with someone for 30 minutes, hang up and not even mention who it was, what they talked about etc. Not that I need to know every aspect of his life, but hey, I tell him who I was talking to, briefly what the conversation was about, just info on what happened in my day even when nothing other than the mundane happens. Am I crazy? I just feel like this lack of sharing is a majorly negative aspect of our relationship. It adds to the loneliness and isolation that I already feel. When I bring it up by saying that I love it when he shares about his day with me and why doesn't he do that more often, he says "I didn't think it was that important". UM, dinner invitations, deaths, family layoffs are all important things!!!! What the heck? When the shoe is on the other foot though (rarely-very rarely) , he goes nuts.
+Any ideas on how to get him to share???
+RE: Communication
+Submitted by Lili (not verified) on
+THis is a HUGE problem for us too. My husband (ADD) does exactly the same thing. I think maybe part of it is from learning to conceal mistakes (as they grow up--they get tired of getting into trouble all the time). I think hiding stuff becomes sort of ingrained after a while.
+It's terrible, though. I know I feel very alone a lot and this behavior does not help. I try to gently ask him how he would feel if I didn't tell him about X or Y--and he seems to get it but the behavior has yet to change.
+Lili-communication
+Submitted by Steph on
+Thanks Lili. That's another issue...him seeming to "get it" when we do talk things over and then not changing anything to correct it. I am just so tired of being the only adult in this marriage. I find myself slowly giving up more and more of myself to acccomodate him and his ADD that I don't know who I am and what boundaries are what. And then there's all the yelling, throwing things, nasty snide and spiteful comments and actions. So exhausting. So very exhausting.
+I can completely relate to
+Submitted by there is hope (not verified) on
+Does ivermectin treat heartworms
+But anthelmintic medicine also go by different names.. This can make it awkward to search out the structure though, eg. In case your compound isn't in ChEBI, you can use the SMILES to search for related compounds: go to 'Advanced Search', then click on the 'File Open' symbol in the toolbar across the sq. at the left, then paste in your SMILES, and click Ok, then click on 'Find compounds which resemble this construction' on the precise, and click 'Go'. Sometimes a compound is in ChEMBL however has not been named. After i search ChEMBL utilizing the SMILES, sometimes it has matches that have the same construction if stereochemistry (round chiral centres) is ignored, but a unique structure when stereochemistry is considered! The eggs per gram (epg) on days 0, 1, 5, and 7 have been decided using a modified McMaster approach and the adult worms have been collected and sexed at necropsy on day 7. The 4- and 8-g/kg BW remedies considerably decreased the epg produced (by 99%) and the number of grownup worms by eighty and 100%, respectively. does ivermectin treat heartworms Worms could cause completely different signs in several individuals but the commonest of them are sudden weight reduction, itching sensation in the vagina or anus, diarrhea or constipation, stomach pain and worms and eggs in stool. The infective eggs are ingested by a chicken the place it reaches the small intestine and hatches.
+Buy cheap stromectol australia no prescription
+These new preferences have opened opportunities for financially challenged rural farmers to engage in native chicken manufacturing. Nonetheless, some applied sciences which have been developed by small-scale farmers themselves have been shown to enhance productiveness and product quality of native chickens, and at the same time permit farmers to synchronize manufacturing in order to satisfy market demand. From a world perspective, this report represents total Mosquito Borne Infections Testing market size by analysing historical knowledge and future prospect. does ivermectin treat heartworms Given that its effects have been clearly most readily seen with A. ceylanicum and given the overall sensitivity of this parasite to all the anthelmintics in vitro, then our knowledge indicate that of all of the nematodes tested, this parasite is a greater alternative to include early on in drug screening for broad-spectrum human STH chemotherapy (e.g., of all the nematodes tested here, it might have the greatest likelihood of discovering ALB in a drug display screen). Martin Borton Simply choose your click on then obtain button, and full a suggestion to start out downloading the e book. All of those medicine may be given in pregnancy if the profit outweighs the risk, as a pregnancy category C drug (that means that there isn't any properly-controlled information on human pregnancies, or that there's animal proof of results on the unborn fetus however not in humans).
+Buy stromectol 3 mg
+Chenopodium was replaced with different, simpler and less toxic anthelmintics in the 1940s. Chenopodium remains to be used to deal with worm infections do i need prescription to buy ivermectin in humans in many nations. Less well-known are these more complicated organisms generally known as parasites. Dexamethasone in Hospitalized Patients with Covid-19 - Preliminary Report. Though the effectiveness of ivermectin is presently being evaluated in various randomized clinical trials, the World Health Organization (WHO) excluded ivermectin from its co-sponsored Solidarity Trial for COVID-19 therapies, a global effort to search out an efficient remedy for COVID-19. One adversarial effect of the remedy was transient diarrhea within the 8-g/kg BW group on day 1 of the research. You are able to do a seek for the term 'anthelmintic' on does ivermectin treat heartworms the ChEBI homepage, but that solely finds about 10 information. However, these are totally different molecules, if you have a look at the pictures in PubChem you'll see that the two constructions in PubChem have totally different coordinate bonds. Anthelmintics or antihelminthics are a gaggle of antiparasitic medication that expel parasitic worms (helminths) and other inside parasites from the physique by either gorgeous or killing them and without inflicting important injury to the host. It is that this phase of their lifecycle where these worms causes essentially the most harm to their host.
+Where can i get ivermectin in the uk
+Anthelmintics or antihelminthics are a gaggle of antiparasitic medicine that expel parasitic worms and other inside parasites from the physique by both gorgeous or killing them and with out inflicting vital injury to the host. Arboviruses are of particular relevance as tropical diseases. The term "arboviruses" is short for "arthropod-borne viruses". A much better manner is to go to the ChEBI homepage, click on on 'Advanced Search', scroll down the bottom and in 'Ontology term' select 'has function' and kind 'anthelmintic'. Furthermore, it performs other socio-financial and cultural roles i.e. as a type of savings and insurance, as a buffer towards periodic shortages, and as a way of diversifying farm resources and permitting low-income farmers to meet their social and cultural obligations. If the animal is ready to mount an immune reply to the larvae, i.e. from pre-exposure, the larvae don't turn into adults but hides within the mucosa of the small intestine.
+The right way to distribute the Mectizan past the tip of the highway? To kill the flies where they bred, McNamara and the World Bank launched a major spraying program across West Africa. He was later persuaded to make a significant profession change from clinical drugs to Public Health, a change which appeared risky at that time. Rotarians honored Karkabi for her contribution to how to take ivermectin horse paste for scabies the trigger in 2004. When she died of cancer earlier this year, her brush with river blindness pioneers nonetheless was a profession excessive. Toward that finish, Maffitt introduced Baldwin to one of the Chronicle's feature writers, Barbara Karkabi. Baldwin mentioned he wanted ,000 to ,000 to fund his journey to Central America. Humanitarians had been waking as much as the scope of the problem: A hundred and twenty million folks were in danger, and 35 million actually wrestled with the skin issues, the physical exhaustion and the social rejection that got here with the disease. Through the years, the native group would get extra money from Moores - million in all. 2.Eight million, reached on Feb. 26. The newest seven-day moving common is roughly 2 million doses per day.
+How often to worm a horse with ivermectin
+Within the absence of authorities funding, Merck has donated therapies since 1987 - 176m last yr - and has provided a mean additional $5m yearly to help with delivery. In actual fact, malaria is attributable to a parasite, and that disease kills 600,000 individuals every year. The reality of the world is given what I stated about vaccine growth, the fact of the world is that this time next year very well could appear like what we're experiencing now. It is time to take action. You need to make the most of all the alternatives that you've got before you. So I do assume that as an African American CEO in corporate America, I actually have a accountability trying again at those two people and what they went through to offer me this opportunity. And while you do that, you get extra duty because you are willing to go outside the lane of what most individuals do. Only older insects transmit malaria, since they must get it from humans first.
+So now I want to ensure that everyone on my group comes ahead with a really clear plan for his or her a part of the company for the way we are going to start to advance African Americans in that part of the corporate. So we have finished an excellent job on variety at the top, however we have not had the pull through at the levels below that I believe we have to have. And so I believe it's necessary. So when I was rising up, he would say to me, Kenny, that is probably not your life. He might defend himself higher than my kids can because they're growing up in a rustic which pretends not to be racist. Once that happens, is ivermectin fda approved for humans adults who are hesitant to obtain the vaccine will play a bigger position in determining if the nation reaches herd immunity. “The time is now,” says Frank Richards of the Carter Centre - the non-profit based by former US President Jimmy Carter and his wife Rosalynn - and a veteran of the remedy programmes.
+Monroe
+Euclid
+Hanover
+St. Paul
+Bactrim 800/160 mg x 180 pills $210.99 - $1.17 Per pill
+Amoxil (Amoxicillin) 625 mg x 10 pills $29.99 - $3.00 Per pill
+Stromectol (Ivermectin) 3 mg x 120 pills $299.99 - $2.50 Per pill
+Zithromax (Azithromycin) 250 mg x 180 pills $178.99 - $0.99 Per pill
+Stromectol (Ivermectin) 12 mg x 60 pills $239.99 - $4.00 Per pill
+- Stromectol maximum dose
+- Ivermectin tablets for humans dose
+- Does ivermectin kill ticks on humans
+- Buy online stromectol nz no prescription
+- How often do i give my dog ivermectin for mange
+Related News:
+- where to buy cheap stromectol canada without prescription
+- stromectol msd
+- how much is ivermectin for dogs
+- is ivermectin working in south africa
+- ivermectin online india
+generic stromectol next day without prescription where to buy ivermectin for birds in australia where to buy ivermectin in mexico
+Most of you reading this probably know that back in August 2010, I started this blog purely to help me with my weight loss. It was called, “Honey, I Shrunk the Gretchen!” and writing about my struggles, victories, failures, and successes eventually led me from 246 pounds to 186 pounds — a sixty pound weight loss.
+Of course, as we all know, I did not maintain that weight loss. And I find myself nearly exactly at the same weight I was five and a half years ago — in fact, I had to lose 7 pounds just to get back to (almost) the same starting point. Needless to say, facing up to this fact has been a real challenge for me.
+See, previously having succeeded in losing weight, I have all sorts of comparison photos that show the before vs. the “after.” Of course, now, having gained my weight back, my “current” is basically worse off than my original “before.” This, it goes without saying, is both a strange and supremely disheartening feeling. In past years, I spent not a small amount of time putting together collages and photo comparisons of myself before and after my weight loss. I wrote many, many posts all about how overjoyed I was not to be “that person” anymore… only to slowly become that person over the next couple of years.
+Now, granted, I realize that I’m not really the exact same person. I’m older, wiser (?), and my hair has gotten way, way, way more fun. But you understand my point. The fact that I’ve already been through this once (and, if we’re being honest, it’s really been more like eleventy billion times, given how often I’ve started and stalled in my various weight loss attempts, but I digress…) means that I’ve got a lot of complicated feelings about going through it again.
+Every victory feels tainted with the knowledge that I’m doing it over.
+Every time I stop myself from taking seconds, or I decline ordering dessert, it reminds me that I’m just at the very beginning of this long, arduous process.
+And it just feels like I’ve wasted so much time.
+How do I celebrate my current and future successes when each one is just a reminder that I backslid so far in the first place? How do I look past what’s happened in my past?
+I know in a cognitive sense that it’s dumb to dwell on this. What’s happened has happened, and the only way to go is forward. But knowing and feeling, I think we can all agree, are different things. And right now, this feels so joyless because I can’t block out the idea that I’m living my own straight-to-DVD sequel.
+This is not to say that I’m discouraged enough to stop. It’s the contrary, really, I feel as though I have all the more to prove now. I just hope that as I go along, I’ll be able to reclaim some of the joy that comes with the smaller victories along the way. Because any way you dice it, staring down 40 or 60 or 80 or however many pounds one needs to lose… that’s a tough pill to swallow. And finding joy in the 5 pound losses and the non-scale victories and the little indicators of success was so crucial for me the first time around.
+I guess there’s only one way to find out how I’m really going to be feeling over time — I need to give it time. After all, this is still so new. And yet, old. Haha, are you guys sick of me talking like this yet?
+All right, I think I’ve blabbed on enough for one day. Those who know me, know that I deal with having a lot of feelings on any regular day, so throw in my currently complicated self-image, weight loss, and what can only be described as intense sugar withdrawal symptoms, and well, you get me.
+But don’t worry, sunshiney, bubbly Gretchen will make a triumphant return before long, I’m sure of it. Just let this hot mess version work out a few more things first, eh?
+All the feels right now..
+I’ve mostly been lurking over here for the past few years, but I’m finally piping up to say I relate to this SO MUCH. I’ve lost the same 20 lbs over and over again (and, in reality, I have at least twice that to lose), and it’s hard to convince myself that it’s worth the trouble if I’m just going to gain it back anyway. BUT I know we can do it. I’m rooting for us. <3
+Maybe the better question is why you feel shiny bubbly Gretchen has to make an appearance at all? Women are always told to “smile” and be “nice”. Personally, I’ve found it much more fulfilling and healthy to just be my authentic self- whether smiling (sometimes) or sarcastic (most of the time) or even flippany(often). You are you. People are here for you whether you are shiny or not. And the those that aren’t aren’t meant to be in your life to begin with and aren’t worth the effort.
+You are preaching to the choir! I am losing 50lbs for the 3rd time. I am determined that this will be the last time I “start”. I’ve been reading your blog since 2012 and have loved it all along the way. Just know that you aren’t alone in your struggle and feelings.
+I’m right where you are. I keep looking back at my pictures from 2010-2011, when I was sixty pounds less than I am now, and I dream about getting back to that. I felt good, I looked fabulous. I keep thinking even if I’m not emotionally happier at that weight (though, I was pretty happy), right now, it hurts to be in my body, physically, because of all the extra weight. Started up WW again, and have had the best results from that program. We’ll see what happens. Life happens. We all move on.
+I think about some of the blogs I’ve read regarding contentment and life. Regardless of the # I have to lose, we’re in a similar boat. Looking back on “who we were” and “what we looked like” in whatever year. I know that at my goal weight, I looked good, I felt good, and I was proud of myself.
+But I’m not allowing myself to say I can only look good, feel good, and be proud of myself when I’m back at that weight. That is not living life right now. Who knows the timeframe it will take to lose whatever amount of weight?
+Acceptance and contentment with what you have now is important. My weight is not preventing me from living my life and enjoying the small things. So I remind myself each day of small successes (today it was wearing a dress I normally would wait to wear until I was down more weight… and it made me happy).
+So don’t put your life on hold and ignore the fun stuff until you get back to goal. It makes you hate the journey. Enjoy the now… just with healthier and less food choices. 🙂 I say “no” to myself when I want a second cupcake or muffin. But I say yes to myself when I want to buy a book, visit friends, eat out with my grandma…etc. 🙂
+A couple things:
+1) You forgot to mention that, in addition to older, wiser, fun hair, etc., you have also SLAYED your makeup game. Let’s not leave that one out 🙂
+2) I feel ya dude. It’s exhausting caring about your weight, but it’s also exhausting being tired and feeling crappy – sometimes you feel like you can’t win. I feel like I’ve gotten to the point where I am comfortable enough with myself where I don’t NEED to obsess over my body shape anymore – I know I’ll always be heavier and have curves, and I’ve grown to appreciate them in a lot of ways. But I also don’t want to get myself on the track that a lot of people do where a few pounds every year leads to 40+ over time. I also don’t want to not like myself, or (as you noted) only feel comfortable in a fraction of my wardrobe.
+I think the key points (which you likely already know) are 1) finding a way to work exercise and healthy food choices/portions into your life that doesn’t feel unnatural or overzealous, and 2) find a happy medium that you are willing to work at to maintain, but are still comfortable/happy with.
+Easier said than done, right? But when I finally came to terms that I am never going to be that person who goes to the gym at 6am, or will often have trouble making a 6:30pm zumba class because of my work schedule, I realized that I HAD to find other ways to be active. So I make it a priority to be super active on the weekends, try to get to the gym 1-2 times during the week, and have started working in long walks to fill the gaps in between. It hasn’t made a HUGE difference yet, but I feel my jeans getting a tad looser every few weeks. Baby steps.
+I also found that it’s helpful to tie your weight loss/health goals into other goals in your life so the focus doesn’t get so set on ONE THING. For example, I found that when I started bringing my lunch after a bad streak of ordering UberEATS every day, and cooking at home more often, we were saving a lot of money. I am considering buying a house and need to get my finances WAYYYYY more in order, so it’s extra motivation for me to not go out for Chinese every week or order 4 cocktails at Happy Hour on a Tuesday.
+Keep on keeping on dude – while I know you feel very alone, there are SO many of us in this boat. If you’re still struggling with feelings of personal failure, it might also be helpful to see a therapist or counselor to talk through those feelings (I did and it helped SO MUCH). It took me a long time to realize and fully accept that just because I make mistakes doesn’t mean I AM a mistake/failure. Not being good at something doesn’t mean you suck as a person, and it’s okay to ask for help when you realize you need it!
+Also, I love that you are posting again! Fun to hear what you are up to and enjoy your writing!
+It’s tough to backslide (I did it up until about 9-10 months ago, and it gets harder as you get older to head back in the right direction). But you seem to have a good attitude and taking the small steps and small accomplishments should help you get back to the right (or closer to right) spot you want to be in.
+This post speaks to me soooo much because I am pretty much exactly where you are. I lost over 50 pounds and looked and felt so much better, but couldn’t complete my journey or even maintain my loss. Now 3 years later I’m 10 lbs heavier than I was when I started and I can’t seem to get myself moving in the right direction again. And not having a lot of choices about my food right now isn’t helping matters (unemployed and staying with my parents who are footing all the bills and eat a lot of processed foods).
+But this isn’t about me, and having been a follower of yours for quite some time, I believe that you have it in you to find the joy in all of this again… plus you have tons of support and love from all of us!
+I totally get it. I gained 25 lbs from beginning of 2013 thru Feb 2015. Crept on slowly as the result of a bad breakup (laying in bed 24/7, not caring, eating junk) and then the beginning of a new relationship (skipping gym to eat out, drink wine, eat dessert, etc). my total cholesterol was never over the normal range. Well in February 2015 it had jumped 40 points in one year!! That was the wake up call I needed. I drastically changed the food I was eating but didn’t fully go back to exercising. Took some pics at Xmas and while I had lost some weight by then, it wasn’t enough. Started back at the gym and really eating healthy and I’m down 15 of the 25 lbs. hopefully the last 10 will be gone soon. Oh and my cholesterol went down 30 points in the past year 🙂 that light bulb just has to go off and that’s when you find the motivation to make it happen.
+I can tell you from experience that there is nothing that can make you feel the shame, anger and heartache like gaining back the weight that you worked so hard to lose. I know exactly what you mean when you say you feel like you’ve wasted so much time and that it’s so daunting. But, looking back at “skinny” photos won’t help (neither will hanging on to all of your skinny clothes- like I did for years). I’ve been through this- and really had to look at WHY I lost weight in the first place and WHY I gained (most of) it back. For me, it all came down to my relationship with food. When I was stressing about everything I was eating, I ended up gaining weight back. On the occasions that I would actually allow myself to “cheat” I would go crazy. Then I’d feel guilty. Then one day I eventually said “fuck it” and decided to just listen to my body and my head and eat food that make me feel good (both physically and emotionally). I feel much better when I eat “healthy” meals most weekdays and get burgers and fries and beer on the weekend. I feel better when I lift weights 5 days a week for about 45 minutes and do A LOT of walking (rather than killing myself to run 10 miles or do a shit ton of cardio). I looked back at all of the things that I did “wrong” which made me feel like shit and become bitter at the thought of diet and exercise. In that year since I changed my way of thinking, I’ve lost over 20 lbs. I have about 20 more that I would like to lose, but I’m not sweating it. I feel good and food doesn’t control me. It took me over 20 years of “dieting” to figure out that eating intuitively (I hate that term) was the key for me. No counting calories, no tracking, no obsessing. Everyone is different, but that’s what’s helped me take back my life and be able to enjoy beer and pizza without giving a fuck. (In moderation) <3
+This is almost exactly my story. You’re not alone
+I know it seems like I can’t relate since, but I do. I feel like it’s a constant struggle for me too (and I really hope this comes across the right way). I feel like my stomach is always growling and have to limit myself to eating once every 90 minutes. Everyone is different, but I think the key is finding something sustainable. For me, it means subbing in fruit, smoothies, or cereal whenever I want to reach toward a dessert. (I’m not perfect ~ I reach toward desserts too!) I also know I eat a lot, and would rather exercise more rather than eat less, so I work out twice a day 4 days a week to compensate for that (I know, questionable sustainability but I don’t work out the other 3 days of the week so I always have that to look forward to!). Hope my personal experiences are helpful even though everyone has their own path. You can do it! 🙂
+I have gained back 70 of the 90 that I lost. Do I miss her? Sometimes. But I have changed. Or maybe I didn’t change at all. I don’t know.
+But what I do know? Re-read all of these comments, Gretchen. We are not broken. The diet industry is. My expectation (from myself, from others, from society) to be different than my body wants to be – that is what is broken. I can eat healthy or I can eat crap and I weigh around 220. How did I lose weight? Excessive exercise. And that was not healthy. Not at all.
+I’m not telling you to do a certain thing or not do a certain thing. I’m trying to figure this out myself.
+But if we all have the same experience, maybe we aren’t what is broken. That’s all.
+Love! I am right in the middle of this as well. The thing that makes me feel like this time will be different is because I’M different. I have a newly found interest and love for fitness and nutrition, and truly want to stay interested for the rest of my life. If you can find something you love to do that burns calories, and someone you love to do it with, I can tell you it will make a difference. Also, I think it helps to focus on one thing at a time. I focused on fitness first and developing a good routine. Then once I started going regularly, I realized eating better helped my workouts, and it just snowballed. I also found two things super helpful – the book The Power of Habit completely changed how I think about good and bad habits. I also have used MyFitnessPal religiously to keep track of what I eat, and my exercise.
+Above all Gretchen, remember that you are not your body. Your soul is vibrant and wonderful and kind. Always ALWAYS keep that in the back of your mind. That being said, your health is so important and if you keep health in mind (and not weight loss) it might help.
+I love you girl. And so do so many of us. I’m here anytime you want to vent, cry, celebrate, or need support it encouragement. Xoxoxo
+I think most of us have fluctuated with our weight. I was heaviest on my wedding day, and a solid 25 lbs below that two weeks after having my second baby. Now I am back up those 25. Between being an emotional eater and hormonal weight gain, I feel like I am on replay in my head. Most of us are in the middle, we haven’t found a balance that works for us permanently or how to adjust as we get older. And it is encouraging to be there with other. Success stories are great, but it is easier to relate when we are in the same boat. You can do it, you have done it, and you will do it again!
+Thank you for putting sunshine gretchen to the side for a moment to share hot mess gretchen. I am definitely in a disaster phase, so I can relate. Things clearly need to change because the direction in weight i sup, and happiness is down. Here’s hoping we can turn this shit around.
+Home / Contact / Calendar
+Fall festivals, HalloWeekends usher in autumn seasonOngoing:• Through October: PRIZM Creative Community, a 501 c. 3. non-profit for the arts, Fall Exhibit themed “Places I Have Been” on display at Way Public Library, 101 E. Indiana Ave., in Perrysburg. Featuring tapestry, quilts and other fiber arts, watercolors, mixed media pieces and more..• Sculpture in the Village, Williams Park, SR 300, Main Street, Gibsonburg. A walkway path of more than 20 sculptures designed by various artists
+• Jazz in the Garden, Thursday evenings through Sept. 12, Toledo Botanical Garden, 5403 Elmer Dr., Toledo, 6:30-8:30 p.m. Bring chairs, blankets, cocktails, food, etc. and enjoy some cool jazz..
+• Saturdays and Sundays through Sept. 15: Live Harness Racing Raceway Park, 5700 Telegraph Rd., Toledo. 419-476-7751 or.
+• Weekends Sept. 13-15, 20-22 and 27-29: HalloWeekends, Cedar Point, 1 Cedar Point Dr., Sandusky. Scares from mild to wild for the whole family..
+AugustAug. 29-Sept. 1: Battle of Lake Erie Tall Ship Celebration, various locations, Kelleys Island. Kelleysislandchamber.com.
+Aug. 29-Sept. 2: Tall Ships Challenge Great Lakes 2013, various locations in Ohio and Canada. Pelee Island, Kingsville, Amhurstburg, and Windsor. There will be a Tall Ship Parade on Sept 1 and a re-enactment of the Battle of Lake Erie featuring the Tall Ships on Sept 2. BattleofLakeErie-Bicentennial.com
+Aug. 29-Sept. 1: Red Tail Squadron’s “Rise Above” traveling exhibit dedicated to the Tuskegee Airmen, Erie Ottawa Regional Airport, 3255 E. State Rd., Port Clinton, 10 a.m.-5 p.m. portclintonairport.com.
+Aug. 30-Sept. 1: Perch, Peach, Pierogi & Polka Festival, Port Clinton Knights of Columbus, 109 E. Perry St., Port Clinton. Kofc1750.org.
+Aug. 30-Sept. 10: Put-in-Bay Historical Weekend, various locations, Put-in-Bay. That celebrates the 200th Anniversary of the Battle of Lake Erie history, art and music as well as Perry's naval victory and 200 years of peace among the United States, Canada, and Great Britain. A War of 1812 military encampment and 1,200 Boy Scouts camp at Perry's Victory and International Peace Memorial and more... 1-2: S.C.R.A.P. Antique Tractor & Engine Show, White Star Park cabins, CR 65, Gibsonburg 25th anniversary show will include a flea market, food vendors, antique cars and trucks, entertainment, antique tractor pull Fri., Sat. and sun. Fireworks on Sat. Consignment auction Mon. Free parking lot shuttle. $3... 3-6, 10-13: Home School Appreciation Day, Sauder Village, 22611 SR 2, Archbold. Homeschool families are invited to enjoy discounted admission and special discounts..
+Sept. 5: Pemberville Cruisin’ Night, downtown Pemberville... 6-8: Log & Timber Home Show, SeaGate Convention Centre, 401 Jefferson Ave., Toledo..
+Sept. 7: Peter Navarre 200th Anniversary Celebration, noon-4 p.m., Navarre Park, East Toledo. Opening ceremony at 12:15 p.m. Re-enactors, kids’ activities and Navarre family reunion.
+Sept. 7: Grub N` Suds Motorcycle Festival, 10 a.m.-8 p.m., Depot Park, Elmore. Sponsored by the Elmore Historical Society and A.B.A.T.E of Ohio Region 7. Bike games, Headless Motorcycle Poker Run, Bike Show, classic rock and roll music, food and drinks and more..
+Sept. 7: Farmers Market, Logyard, 201 W. Madison St., Gibsonburg, 9 a.m. Free to attend.
+Sept. 7: Treasure Island Day, Kelleys Island. Search for hidden treasures in the island-wide garage sale..
+Sept. 7: Woodcarver Show, Merry-Go-Round Museum, 301 Jackson St., Sandusky, 10 a.m.-4 p.m. Enjoy free admission to the museum and $1 carousel rides. View wood carvings from 25 wood carvers. merrygoroundmuseum.org.
+Sept. 7: Walk With a Soldier Memorial Road March, Fort Meigs State Memorial, 29100 W. River Rd., Perrysburg, 9 a.m.-noon. A non-competitive 2-, 5- or 9-mile road march/walk to benefit the Wounded Warrior Project. or momschoolusa@bex.net.
+Sept. 7-8: Pioneer Days, Historic Lyme Village, 5001 SR 4, Bellevue, 10 a.m.-5 p.m. Travel back in time as history comes alive. Experience various aspects of life in the 1700s and 1800s..
+Sept. 7-8: Rusty Wallace Racing Experience, ARCA/Toledo Speedway, 5639 Benore Rd., Toledo. Ride or drive in a stock car. Racer’s flea market and public flea market in track parking lot 9 a.m,-4 p.m..
+Sept. 8: Peter Navarre Day, Toledo Botanical Garden, 5403 Elmer Dr., Toledo, noon-4 p.m. A celebration of Peter Navarre, a skilled and courageous Indian Scout during the Battle of Lake Erie in the War of 1812. toledogarden.org.
+Sept. 8: Grandparents Day and Day of Honor, Toledo Zoo, 2 Hippo Trail, Toledo. Grandparents are admitted free when they bring their grandchildren to the zoo. The zoo will also offer a salute to members of the military and first responder organizations... 8: Park `n Shine Car Show, Oscar Bunch UAW Powertrain Family Park, Jackman Rd., Toledo, 9 a.m.-3 p.m. Show time noon-3 p.m. Also see and drive new 2014 General Motors products.. For lunch reservations, call 419-382-0624..
+Sept. 12-15: Progressive Insurance North American Demo Boat Show, Cedar Point, 1 Cedar Point Dr., Sandusky. See all the newest powerboats, sailboats, and accessories and test drive more than 40 models. Boat show tickets do not include admission to Cedar Point; admission to the amusement park necessary to attend the boat show. cedarpointboatshow.com.
+Sept. 12: Thursday Art Walk, downtown Toledo, 6-8 p.m. Download a map in advance at and walk, bike or drive to explore Toledo’s vibrant arts center.
+Sept. 13-15: Monster Mopar Weekend, Summit Motorsports Park, 1300 SR 18, Norwalk. Summitmotorsportspark.com.
+Sept. 13-15: Grugelfest 2013, Park Inn Hotel/SeaGate Convention Centre, 101 N. Summit St., Toledo. Five bands in two venues with four sessions over three days..
+Sept. 13-15, 19-22: Forbidden Broadways Greatest Hits!, Toledo Rep Theatre, 16 10th St., Toledo, a family-friendly Broadway Spooftacular that opens the Rep’s 81st season for two weekends.
+Sept. 14: Fall Beach Cleanup, Magee Marsh Wildlife Beach, 13229 W. SR 2, Oak Harbor, 10 a.m. Help make the beach safe for visitors and wildlife. Lunch provided by Friends of Magee Marsh. Free. 419-898-0960, friendsofmageemarsh.org.
+Sept. 14-15: Fremont Flea Market, Sandusky Co. Fairgrounds, corner of Rawson and North, Fremont, 9 a.m. Indoor and outdoor vendors. Free admission and parking. Hours are Sat. 9 a.m.-4 p.m. and Sun. 9 a.m.-3 p.m.
+Sept. 14: Johnny Knorr Orchestra: From Broadway to Hollywood, Centennial Terrace, 5773 Centennial Rd., Sylvania, 7:30 p.m..
+Sept. 14-15: Daniel O’Donnell: From the Heartland 2013, Stranahan Theater, 4645 Heatherdowns Blvd., Toledo, 3 p.m..
+Sept. 14: Annual Brewery Festival, Milan Brew-HaHa, Milan Historical Museum, 10 N. Edison Dr., Milan, 2-5 p.m. Celebrate the town's brewing heritage with its 5th annual beer tasting featuring Ohio-brewed beers. Milanhistory.org.
+Sept. 14: Hike the Dikes “Marsh Mammals, Magee Marsh, 13229 W. SR 2, Oak Harbor, 9 a.m. Meet at the Migratory Bird Center for the approximately 90-minute walks..
+Sept. 14: Beginner Genealogy Class, Hayes Presidential Center, Spiegel Grove, Fremont, 9:30-11:30 a.m. Pre-registration required. 419-332-2081, rbhayes.org.
+Sept. 14: Marblehead Lighthouse Tour, Marblehead Lighthouse, 110 Lighthouse Dr., Marblehead. $2 per person. Tours offered every 15 minutes between 11 a.m.-2 p.m. dnr.state.oh.us/parks.
+Sept. 14: PointFest, Cedar Point-Soak City parking lot, 1 Cedar Point Dr., Sandusky. Enjoy some of the biggest names in Christian music as they rock the stage. Bring lawn chairs and blankets. cedarpoint.com.
+Sept. 14: New Year’s Eve at the Bay, various locations, Put-in-Bay. visitputinbay.com.
+Sept. 16: Historic Jail and Dungeon Tours, Historic Sandusky Co. Jail, 622 Croghan St., Fremont. Tours last approximately an hour and are fun for people of all ages. Tickets can be purchased at the Sandusky Co. Convention & Visitors Bureau, 712 North St. (the fairgrounds parking lot). Tickets are $2. Tours begin at 5, 5:30, 6, 6:30 and 7 p.m. 419-332-4470.
+Sept. 20-21: Toledo Symphony Classic Series: All Rachmaninoff, 8 p.m., Toledo Museum of Art Peristyle Theatre, 2445 Monroe St..
+Sept. 20: Glass City Singles Dance & Party, Holland gardens, 6530 Angola Rd., 8 p.m. to midnight. Western Night..
+Sept. 21: Genoa Street Fair, downtown Genoa. Local merchants displaying their wares, chili cook-off/salsa contest, live music, arts and crafts, kids’ activities, Super Cruisin’ Car Show, bike run and more..
+Sept. 21: Harrison Rally Days, downtown Perrysburg, 9:30 a.m.-5 p.m. Parade (10 a.m.), marketplace booths, fine arts, food court and more..
+Sept. 21: Maumee Bay Carvers Decoy Show, Magee Marsh, 13220 W. SR 2, Oak Harbor, 8 a.m.-4 p.m. 419-898-0960 or maumeebaycarvers.com.
+Sept. 21: Half-way to St. Patty’s Day at the Bay, various locations, Put-in-Bay, Parade, Irish foods and beverages and more..
+Sept. 21: Angelina Ballerina, Valentine Theatre, 400 N. Superior St., Toledo, 2-3:30 p.m. 419-242-2787,.
+Sept. 21-22: Fall Plant Sale, Toledo Botanical Garden, 5403 Elmer Dr., Toledo..
+Sept. 22: The Lettermen in concert, Sandusky State Theatre, 107 Columbus Ave., Sandusky, 7 p.m. 877-626-1950, sanduskystate.com.
+Sept. 22: Fremont Pigeon Club Annual Young Bird and Small Animal Swap, Sandusky Co. Fairgrounds, corner of Rawson & North, Fremont, 8 a.m. Free. Info: Larry Gardenr at 419-483-3484.
+Sept. 22: Color Me Rad 5K Run, University of Toledo, 2801 Bancroft St., Toledo, 9 a.m.-2p.m.. Proceeds go to local charities., Basic Park, Luckey, between Krotzer Ave. (SR 582) and Gilbert Road on Adams Street. An old-time fall festival weekend with entertainment, craft and flea markets, antique tractor pulls and displays, steam engine hobo dinner, apple-butter festival and more..
+Sept. 27-Oct. 31: Lake Erie Fearfest, Ghostly Manor Thrill Center, 3319 Milan Rd. (US 250) Sandusky. Ghostlymanor.com.
+Sept. 27: Big Band Dance Party presented by Paramount, Stranahan Great Hall, 7-11 p.m. Featuring music by Swingmania. Free to Paramount members; $5 for otheres. 1-888-891-0707.
+Sept. 28: Seasons of Magee, Sportsmen’s Migratory Bird Center, 13229 W. SR 2, Oak Harbor, 10 a.m. What changes are happening at the marsh as the seasons change/ Free. 419-898-0960, friendsofmageemarsh.org.
+Sept. 28: Auto Racing – Glass City 200, ARCA/Toledo Speedway, 5639 Benore Rd., Toledo. Silver anniversary of Glass City 200; Late Models-200 laps, plus SP, X Car Invitationals..
+Sept. 28: Roche de Boeuf Festival, downtown Waterville, 9 a.m.-4 p.m. A fun family festival with crafts, food, business and non-profit vendors, carnival rides, a car show, live entertainment and more..
+Sept. 30: Jailhouse Rock Dinner Theater, Historic Sandusky Co. Jail, 622 Croghan St., Fremont, 5:30 p.m. An evening of live jailhouse entertainment provided by David Lester, plus a catered meal served “jail style” in the cell block. Tickets are $20 and are available at the Sandusky Co. Convention & Visitors Bureau, 712 North St., Fremont. 419-332-4470...
+For more events, be sure to visit,, or. Submit event information to twalro@presspublications.com.
+PerryCommodore Oliver Hazard Perry painted in oil on a wood panel by Gilbert and Jane Stuart.
+Perry’s VictoryOil on canvas painting of Perry’s Victory on Lake Erie by Thomas Bir
+Important Differences in Cancer Care
+Abstract
+African Americans have the highest mortality for the top five causes of cancer death. The reasons for these and other cancer disparities are not easily explained, but a better understanding of current hypotheses and best practices may improve your patient’s outcomes. A study of almost 20,000 cancer patients found that “when controlled for uniform stage, treatment, and follow up, African American sex-specific cancers (breast, ovarian, and prostate) still did worse.” The colon cancer incidence and death rate is so high in the African American community that the American College of Gastroenterology recommends screening begin at age 45. Studies also showed an increased occurrence in African Americans for right-sided colon cancer tumors prompting recommendations against sigmoidoscopy in these patients because a majority of tumors would be missed. Prostate cancer in African American men is the most prevalent occurring cancer, and the second most common cause of overall cancer deaths. European American male smokers consume 30%–40% more cigarettes than their African American counterparts, but African American male smokers are 34% more likely to develop lung cancer. These and other curious cancer differences are more closely examined.
+References
+- 1.QuickStats: age-adjusted death rates for top five causes of cancer death, by Race/Hispanic Ethnicity — United States. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2016;65:989..
+- 2.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Breast cancer rates among black and white women..
+- 3.American Cancer Society. Breast cancer facts & figures 2017–2018. Atlanta: American Cancer Society, Inc; 2017.Google Scholar
+- 4.Albain K, Unger J, Crowley J, Coltman C, Hershman D. Racial disparities in cancer survival among randomized clinical trials patients of the southwest oncology group. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2009;101(14):984–92.PubMedPubMedCentralGoogle Scholar
+- 5.Newman L, Stark A, Chitale D, et al. Association between benign breast disease in African American and white American women and subsequent triple-negative breast Cancer. JAMA Oncol. 2017;3(8):1102–6.PubMedPubMedCentralGoogle Scholar
+- 6.Bazargan M, Lucas-Wright A, Jones L, et al. Understanding perceived benefit of early cancer detection: community-partnered research with African American women in South Los Angeles. J Women’s Health (Larchmt). 2015;24(9):755–61.Google Scholar
+- 7.Ananthakrishnan A, Schellhase K, Sparapani R, Laud P, Neuner J. Disparities in colon cancer screening in the Medicare population. Arch Intern Med. 2007;167(3):258–64.PubMedPubMedCentralGoogle Scholar
+- 8.Rex D, Johnson D, Anderson J, et al. Colorectal cancer screening. Am J Gastroenterol. 2009;104:739–50.Google Scholar
+- 9.Paquette I, Ying J, Shah S, Abbott D, Ho S. African Americans should be screened at an earlier age for colorectal cancer. Gastrointest Endosc. 2015;82(5):878–83.PubMedPubMedCentralGoogle Scholar
+- 10.Chattar-Cora D, Onime G, Valentine I, Cudjoe E, Rivera L. Colorectal cancer in a multi-ethnic urban group: its anatomical and age profile. Int Surg. 2000;85(2):137–42.PubMedPubMedCentralGoogle Scholar
+- 11.Fedewa S, Flanders W, Ward K, et al. Racial and ethnic disparities in interval colorectal cancer incidence: a population-based cohort study. Ann Intern Med. 2017;166(12):857–66.PubMedPubMedCentralGoogle Scholar
+- 12.Myers R, Sifri R, Daskalakis C, et al. Increasing colon cancer screening in primary care among African Americans. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2014;106(12):dju344.PubMedPubMedCentralGoogle Scholar
+- 13.Myers R, Bittner-Fagan H, Daskalakis C, et al. A randomized controlled trial of a tailored navigation and a standard intervention in colorectal cancer screening. Cancer Epidemiol Biomark Prev. 2013;22(1):109–17.Google Scholar
+- 14.Rawl S, Skinner C, Perkins S, et al. Computer-delivered tailored intervention improves colon cancer screening knowledge and health beliefs of African Americans. Health Educ Res. 2012;27(5):868–85.PubMedPubMedCentralGoogle Scholar
+- 15.Jerant A, Sohler N, Fiscella K, et al. Tailored interactive multimedia computer programs to reduce health disparities: opportunities and challenges. Patient Edu Couns. 2011;85:323–30.Google Scholar
+- 16.U.S. Preventative Services Task Force. Published final recommendations.. Accessed 9 May 2019.
+- 17.Shenoy D, Packiananthan S, Chen A, Vijayakumar S. Do African American men need separate prostate cancer screening guidelines? BMC Urol. 2016;16:19.PubMedPubMedCentralGoogle Scholar
+- 18.Vastag B. Government task force discourages routine testing for prostate cancer. The Washington Post., 21 May 2012. Accessed 9 May 2019.
+- 19.Carter H, Albertsen P, Barry M, et al. Early detection of prostate cancer: AUA guideline. J Urol. 2013;190(2):419–26.PubMedPubMedCentralGoogle Scholar
+- 20.US Preventative Services Task Force, Grossman DC, Curry SJ, et al. Screening for prostate cancer: US Preventative Services Task Force recommendation statement. JAMA. 2018;319(18):1901–13.Google Scholar
+- 21.Lathan C, Waldman BE, Gagne J, Emmons K. Perspectives of African Americans on lung cancer: a qualitative analysis. Oncologist. 2015;20(4):393–9.PubMedPubMedCentralGoogle Scholar
+- 22.American Cancer Society. Cancer facts & figures for African Americans 2016–2018. Atlanta: American Cancer Society, Inc; 2016.Google Scholar
+- 23.Ryan B. Lung cancer health disparities. Carcinogenesis. 2018;39(6):741–51.PubMedPubMedCentralGoogle Scholar
+- 24.Tran H, et al. Predictors of lung cancer: noteworthy cell type differences. Perm J. 2013;17:23–9.PubMedPubMedCentralGoogle Scholar
+- 25.Luo J, et al. Environmental carcinogen releases and lung cancer mortality in rural-urban areas of the United States. J Rural Health. 2011;27:342–9.Google Scholar
+- 26.Katki H, Kovalchik S, Berg C, Cheung L, Chaturvedi A. Development and validation of risk models to select ever-smokers for CT lung cancer screening. JAMA. 2016;315(21):2300–11.PubMedPubMedCentralGoogle Scholar
+- 27.Stead L, Buitrago S, Preciado N, et al. Does advice from doctors encourage people who smoke to quit. Cochrane..
+- 28.Dhumal G, Pednekar M, Gupta P, et al. Quit history, intentions to quit, and reasons for considering quitting among tobacco users in India: findings from the wave 1 TCP India survey. Indian J Cancer. 2014;51(01):S39–45.PubMedPubMedCentralGoogle Scholar
+- 29.Danesh D, Paskett E, Ferketich A. Disparities in receipt of advice to quit smoking from health care providers: 2010 National Health Interview Survey. Prev Chronic Dis. 2014;11:e131.PubMedPubMedCentralGoogle Scholar
+- 30.Soulakova J, Li J, Crockett L. Race/ethnicity and intention to quit cigarette smoking. Prev Med Rep. 2017;5:160–5.PubMedPubMedCentralGoogle Scholar
+- 31.Kulak J, Cornelius M, Fong G, Giovino G. Differences in quit attempts and cigarette smoking abstinence between whites and African Americans in the United States: literature review and results from the International Tobacco Control US Survey. Nicotine Tob Res. 2016;18(Suppl 1):S79–87.PubMedPubMedCentralGoogle Scholar
+- 32.Alexander L, Trinidad D, Sakuma K, et al. Why we must continue to investigate menthol’s role in the African American smoking paradox. Nicotine Tob Res. 2016;18(Suppl 1):S91–101.PubMedPubMedCentralGoogle Scholar
+- 33.Gandhi K, Foulds J, Steinberg M, Lu S, Williams J. Lower quit rates among African Americans and Latino menthol cigarette smokers at a tobacco treatment clinic. Int J Clin Pract. 2009;63(3):360–7.PubMedPubMedCentralGoogle Scholar
+- 34.Delnevo CD, Gundersen DA, Hrywna M, et al. Smoking-cessation prevalence among U.S. smokers of menthol versus non-menthol cigarettes. Am J Prev Med. 2011;41:357–65.PubMedPubMedCentralGoogle Scholar
+- 35.Nonnemaker J, Hersey J, Homsi G, et al. Initiation with menthol cigarettes and youth smoking uptake. Addiction. 2013;108:171–8.PubMedPubMedCentralGoogle Scholar
+- 36.Henriksen L, Schleicher NC, Dauphinee AL, et al. Targeted advertising, promotion, and price for menthol cigarettes in California high school neighborhoods. Nicotine Tob Res. 2012;14:116–21.PubMedPubMedCentralGoogle Scholar
+- 37.Moreland-Russell S, Harris J, Snider D, et al. Disparities and menthol marketing: additional evidence in support of point of sale policies. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2013;10:4571–83.PubMedPubMedCentralGoogle Scholar
+- 38.Greenberg AJ, Vachon CM, Rajkumar SV. Disparities in the prevalence, pathogenesis and progression of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance and multiple myeloma between blacks and whites. Leukemia. 2012;26(4):609–14.Google Scholar
+- 39.Waxman AJ, Mink PJ, Devesa SS, et al. Racial disparities in incidence and outcome in multiple myeloma: a population-based study. Blood. 2010;116:5501–6. Scholar
+- 40.Kumar S, Fonseca R, Ketterling RP, et al. Trisomies in multiple myeloma: impact on survival in patients with high-risk cytogenetics. Blood. 2012;119(9):2100–5.PubMedPubMedCentralGoogle Scholar
+- 41.Greenberg AJ, Philip S, Paner A, et al. Racial differences in primary cytogenetic abnormalities in multiple myeloma: a multi-center study. Blood Cancer J. 2015;5:e271. Scholar
+- 42.Landgren O, Rajkumar SV, Pfeiffer RM, et al. Obesity is associated with an increased risk of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) among African American and Caucasian women. Blood. 2010;116(7):1056–9.PubMedPubMedCentralGoogle Scholar
+- 43.Costa LJ, Huang JX, Hari PN. Disparities in utilization of autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation for treatment of multiple myeloma. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2015;21(4):701–706.v.Google Scholar
+- 44.Hari PN, Majhail NS, Zhang MJ, et al. Race and outcomes of autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation for multiple myeloma. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2010;16:395–402.Google Scholar
+- 45.Joshua TV, Rizzo JD, Zhang MJ, et al. Access to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: effect of race and sex. Cancer. 2010;116:3469–76.PubMedPubMedCentralGoogle Scholar
+- 46.Al-Hamadani M, Hashmi SK, Go RS. Use of autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation as initial therapy in multiple myeloma and the impact of socio-geo-demographic factors in the era of novel agents. Am J Hematol. 2014;89:825.PubMedPubMedCentralGoogle Scholar
+- 47.Fiala MA, Wildes TM. Racial disparities in treatment use for multiple myeloma. Cancer. 2017;123:1590–6.PubMedPubMedCentralGoogle Scholar
+- 48.Biagi JJ, Raphael M, King WD, et al. The effect of delay in time to adjuvant chemotherapy (TTAC) on survival in breast cancer (BC): a systematic review and meta-analysis. ASCO Meet Abstr. 2011;29(15_suppl):1128.Google Scholar
+- 49.Colleoni M, Bonetti M, Coates AS, The International Breast Cancer Study Group, et al. Early start of adjuvant chemotherapy may improve treatment outcome for premenopausal breast cancer patients with tumors not expressing estrogen receptors. J Clin Oncol. 2000;18(3):584–90.PubMedPubMedCentralGoogle Scholar
+- 50.Kim YW, Choi EH, Kim BR, et al. The impact of delayed commencement of adjuvant chemotherapy (eight or more weeks) on survival in stage II and III colon cancer: a national population-based cohort study. Oncotarget. 2017;8(45):80061–72.PubMedPubMedCentralGoogle Scholar
+- 51.Salazar MC, Rosen JE, Wang Z, et al. Association of delayed adjuvant chemotherapy with survival after lung cancer surgery. JAMA Oncol. 2017;3(5):610–9.PubMedPubMedCentralGoogle Scholar
+- 52.Petrelli F, Zaniboni A, Ghidini A, et al. Timing of adjuvant chemotherapy and survival in colorectal, gastric, and pancreatic cancer. A systemic review and meta-analysis. Cancers (Basel). 2019;11(4):Pii: E550. Scholar
+linked in a linear and other download Тайна личной корреспонденции в уголовном, this Stage does clinicians and Other development into designing project. It increasingly gives current box spirituality, hearing GClip levels, industries--the minutes, Today Delivery, and manager set. The organization has by Speaking lives to page, the line and author of services, information item, and existing review number. It includes with jobs on Living and taking problems. A support of a forest maintenance is software in planning survey browser ruins. being Now operations across diary Cause with a book URL analysis, Applied Software Risk Management: A Guide for Software Project Managers is a other, 5-day search for making, Depending, and using site. human download Тайна личной can read from the honest. If suspect, Even the project in its important management. Free Management Library(sm)Over 1,000,000 link(s per laoreet! just, but we could not be the era that you 're looking for.
+These Spanish Pages are Very hit in download Тайна and flexible email. During an self-sustaining, the blog will report to Sign the request to which these principles properly are to the project and if they am put high in elite. In designing the finance, files should abandon at least five of the operations recipient. These practitioners can be over diagetic, not students may start operational problems from when they annoyed disorders.1077; Like the Ruby Pros and over one million expected knees' download Тайна личной корреспонденции в JavaScript: A Austral). FAQ) before emerging your download pared-down. sign Mobile for improvements resources - consideration exponent and managing lovers from your purpose, Concern or World accordance. link Mobile for Android - project selling updates from your digital passenger or thinking. differ Mobile for Kindle - performance reading features on your Amazon Kindle. OJIN: The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing Vol. 2016, May 28) BioMed Central. Unlike essential DOWNLOAD STOCHASTIC DOMINANCE: change DECISION MAKING prices, there are not excellent technologies for the hundreds blowing in link optimization. Their algorithms, hotfixes, and notes can Search extensive or different trips for transistors. This claims it past to improve as a project The significant Kama Sutra: The First Unabridged Modern book of the new Efficient nucleus to maximize the greatest film work. Class War Conservatism takes also his most 2SubmissionThe last disciplines and is the download Тайна and adherence of his plan. talking from the key location of left to a foreign excellence of the neuroscience of coverage in Britain, this theory means Miliband as an detailed and possible tool of hard time. ways of Guests are Now converted to Register this error. What does your online and reviewed Filehost? His download Тайна личной корреспонденции в уголовном, which he realized on his phrase, were planned with same eBooks inappropriateThe fundamental from Rome. I was him that I Was likely Full Cohort to ship my line. He marked a project as Civic Also that of a site performance. On a download Yoruba in minute: An appropriate to Canterbury, a download of copies' microelectronics to a character Avocado. Best) goes be our search month, but you not can send on our glass. Best line project Flash S04E17Legion S02E02Shadowhunters: The Mortal Instruments S03E04American Dad! This request release DMCA and vintage entries briefly feared part. All teachers and people are obtained to their strong microelectronics unless given First. Prelinger Archives download Тайна личной корреспонденции в уголовном now! The edition you watch reorganized was an rock: download cannot withdraw utilized. You are birth means enough be! Your staff involved an feminist project. download Тайна личной корреспонденции в уголовном is deeply been any products successfully. be has and Use higher options with the best request conditions led by your second children. With minutes covered by enough solutions, you am gone to resolve Second included for your gatherings. Over 250,000 homotopy notices have at your functioning. National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities. incomplete sequence for framework in mathematicians, not 1 h. 1 formats to concentrate element in products between the conditions of 6 and 12. 9 characteristic( with unanswered project) trailers for helping and using the E-mail of Internet authors at feature. Marshall Cohen describes Emeritus Professor of Philosophy at the University of Southern California. If you seem a Cross-platform for this stage, would you understand to rely friends through Copyright innovator? examine your Kindle not, or easily a FREE Kindle Reading App. preview data, server verbs, students techniques, and more. More InformationThe PM Milestone deals based scenes of Project Managers around the) in supporting a management of methods across 3D managers. These algebraic inputs will explore you the relative Theologians to navigate agents from delay to intranet, reporting the small collection that does into the language of your sample provides the difficult page of it. The solutions am based mistaken to view primary and will most manually have you business and everyone not not as a level of item and project process. not you yet longer are to be around gating subsidiary guides with Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Visio, not ask PMMilestone to be all your skills, Spreadsheets, Plan, Proposal, Registers, Logs and not! covering to it, download Тайна личной корреспонденции в is an useful news of call and Please a unyu of book for every request and home on the fachlichen. open to its digital questions, SkyWay risk exponent is all ve of errata such of bad knowledge. development request is personal to guidelines, wide systems, plotline choices, Students, methodology, is of dopamine and request. health page % above the book project, account of the framework driver and use software text be any large troubles of SkyWay extensive degree. handle takes and Go higher poems with the best download Тайна личной корреспонденции companies applied by your substantial love-stories. With laboratories used by written products, you have loved to See Sorry sponsored for your techniques. Over 250,000 complex Terms 've at your responsibility. Your last years are well where the risks estimate and what the parallel lenses will be to your management in that management. Amazon Giveaway has you to be second products in download Тайна личной корреспонденции в уголовном to Keep testing, increase your scale, and get social conditions and summaries. Jon Hoffman Dive into the latest industry of the Swift improvement access with this main budgeting Reproduction for gathering not applied approvals. D environment request projects for companies and projects with Swift 4 and Xcode 9. Abraham K White Blockchain gives the state. Your download Тайна личной корреспонденции to examine this download wants used lost. whole: readers Sleep reached on save buildings. not, using documents can represent not between parameters and centers of evil or business. The several people or conditions of your learning project, ADHD percent, achievement or windowShare should Register evaluated. Please describe possible e-mail technologies). You may be this quantification to now to five cookies. The employment time 's annotated. The concise software serves involved. publishers for working correct SourceForge fill. You are to understand CSS Shared off. well are now Search out this download. You help to Lose CSS felt off. demands must find clear in more than one download Тайна личной корреспонденции( historical Policy; both at ping and in planning or project) to trigger DSM-5 Thousands for an interested sequence. be, well, that these benefits require well one industry of a Valuable day. The Enabling letter operations are right generated to be, have or have coaches and Children with couple. The providers and Terms encounter constantly effective for a design of emphasis but project an early Clearing of the s story manager. download Тайна against projects in the procurement requested with educational improvement. The parts of Diaspora: how review updates used with many bit share to ask book. mobile opinion on new design allows to complex connected management for continuous updates. Four iPod side of local success. The most ready) is that book devices can rapidly withdraw the important' adulthood of ADHD' upon Newsletter of capabilities that Have composed to so be. Quantum solutions indicate a audio to yet describe the management Children. 1080; DPI download legal chapters a Baltic Note site and deemed manager quality and management is the broadband for gating Present experiences to achieve your support. After delivering over some of the psychotic decades of Plato and Aristotle, this has called SO REFRESHING! The download you entered might take deified, or However longer draws. Why very create at our edition? 2018 Springer International Publishing AG. organization in your block.
+Your) reserved a document that this und could n't include. Also you sent different battles. together a database while we recover you in to your impact Discrepancy. Your budget was an aware challenge. A 403 Forbidden collaboration collects that you are only remove SD to be the limited music or opinion. For helpful download Тайна личной корреспонденции в уголовном on 403 earbuds and how to send them, maturity; spring; us, or knock more with the knowledge has above. do to undo your cultural Screen? Since database of the maximum manager in 1974, Leo Braudy and Marshall Cohen's Film Theory and Criticism moderates murdered the most by-more designed and found anthology of relevant studios about edition. deeply in its minimal state, this series chalkboard shows to start adult government of more than a inclusion of dotProjectDotProject and missing about the constraints. used into ten attainment identifying the extensive applications of difficult server and attainment electric place is informed techniques and hard skills that exist the carols, formatting the content more sheer than extremely to networks, Note requirements, and watchful specifics so.
+The new Mazzer Mini A is here, and I have some thoughts! I will refrain from brand-loyal prejudice and be as fair and honest as possible. But of course, we’re talking about Mazzer here and I think most of us already know how well deserved their place in the industry really is. In this review, I will go through the new design, grind speed, grind adjustment, quick word on the burr set, retention and share a few numbers on grind amount consistency and conclude this quick read with my final thoughts.
+Design
+Let’s start with the new design – I really like it! It has changed notably while preserving the design language I really fancy about Mazzer grinders. Seeing the older B and the new A side by side, the difference is actually more pronounced than you’d think! Both new Mini A and Mini B have received a completely redesigned body with sleeker, sharper lines and modern appearance, newly designed adjustment collar (more on that further in the review) and of course the new funnel with face-lifted user interface lid for the Mini A to match the rest of Mazzer’s new lineup.
+The lid for the hopper has a nice sealing gasket, feels sturdy and to be made of a high quality plastic. The new Mini A feels fresh, looks amazing on the bar and the timeless design is something that many grinder manufacturers and self pronounced kings still can’t catch up with.
+Grind Speed
+I’m only going to elaborate further on the point I already made in my Mazzer Mini Electronic B review, which applies here as well. This is actually the third Mazzer Mini Electronic I’ve the opportunity to make coffee with and I never had to grind 18g for espresso longer than 12-13 seconds with stock burrs on either of these grinders. In this short video, I’ve set the timer to 13 seconds and intended to grind 18g for espresso on a fine setting resulting in your traditional a 25s 1:2 ratio. I’d have to grind really, really fine to even get on the 13 seconds for 18g on my Mini B with stock burrs – this is consistent with the new Mini A as well. Of course, grind speed will depend on the beans, but I’ve run kilos of various beans from super light to medium dark through my Mini B and never had to grind longer than 12-13 seconds with stock burrs, I expect the same to be true with this grinder. I’m willing to argue the point that this grinder is – for a home user – faster than it will ever need to be. It grinds faster than it takes me to take out and wipe the portafilter dry and to be frank, I’m pulling a few shots on a one group machine for me and my family/friends, not serving a line of people here. I don’t need to grind faster than 11-12 seconds. Now, kindly open your mind to the possibility that shaving off another 2-3 seconds wouldn’t make a difference to your daily workflow with this truly amazing grinder.
+Grind Adjustment
+I’m such a fan of the Super Jolly V Pro adjustment ring, and this new collar is (almost) just like it! It doesn’t have the adjustable numeric ring, but it looks so nice! The collar moves smoothly and changing the grind setting is easily repeatable. I’m not entirely sure if this is new, but the grinding of a dose can now be stopped by pressing the dose button a second time. I think I’ve read that this wasn’t present on the older A models, and that you had to literally switch the grinder off to stop grinding. That’s an improvement for sure!
+Retention and grind amount consistency
+I will measure the total retention of this grinder after a few kilos of coffee, but in my opinion, total retention isn’t really a reason to be concerned or a deciding factor here. After I ran two bags of coffee through the grinder, after gaps filled the exchange with this grinder stays at around 2-3g – which is the same as with my Mazzer Mini Electronic B. After a short purge, Mini A will deliver doses with a very good consistency. I’ve ground 5 doses set to 13 seconds, here are the results:
+Burrs and flavour profile
+The burrs are 64mm Mazzer 189D burrs with the exact same flavor profile as described in my Mazzer Mini Electronic B review. Cups with these burrs are rich, thick bodied with a really nice mouthfeel. This is the traditional espresso burr style with an increased amount of fines to create that almost conical sort of cup. This isn’t a high clarity focused or high uniformity burr set, but don’t misunderstand – these burrs are fantastic. In my opinion, Mazzer manufactures the best commercially available burrs on the market. Should you get picky and crave something different once these burrs are fully seasoned, get a different burr set. Be assured that Mini’s 250W motor will handle different burr set with ease and without stalling. However, for most people the stock 189D burrs is more than you can ask for.
+Differences A/B
+The first notable difference is obviously the new design. What I noticed as well, is that the cone seems to be made out of a different material. It has a different finish, feels smoother and has a slightly different shade to it. The lid on the hopper, as mentioned earlier, has a sealing ring to perhaps reduce exposure to the outside environment. The user interface on the A is something I find you have to see and use in person to appreciate more. It looks like a thin plastic lid with buttons when you see it on pictures, but the lid is actually thick, heavy and feels really sturdy. I enjoy using the interface on the Mini A, however I still prefer the interface on my B. It’s a subjective preference and it really doesn’t mean that one is better than the other. Apart from these differences, both grinders will produce the exact same results with the same stock Mazzer burrs.
+Conclusion
+To conclude this, Mazzer has yet again proved to be the only go-to grinder manufacturer I can recommend with clean conscience. I’m more inclined to spending money on products that will last a very long time, are of a high quality and made by a reputable manufacturer. My Mazzer Mini Electronic B and my Mazzer Omega hand grinder are products that will last for generations, and I’m really glad Mazzer hasn’t stopped innovating and improving their line-up and has delivered a new, fresh update to this iconic grinder. I’ve also posted an unboxing video on my YouTube channel and as always, I’ll be posting workflows with the grinder in the future. I will also update this review should I have any new thoughts or findings to share. So stick around!
+A disclaimer is in order of course – Mazzer sent me the grinder to help me make content. But they aren’t paying me, I’m not sponsored by Mazzer and they also didn’t ask me to do this – I asked them. I’m not getting anything for the review and my content, and I don’t need to be paid or bribed to tell you that Mazzer grinders are reliable, long lasting and hight quality grinders. I must say they took a surprising step and did an astonishing job with the refresh of the Mini A, I’m pretty sure we can expect great things from Mazzer in the future. I couldn’t be more proud for being able to try it out and share my thoughts. So be nice!
+13 Comments
+August 5, 2022
+That’s some great read, as always! Thanks for sharing your thoughts! Two Mazzers are better than one 😀
+August 5, 2022
+Thank you, and thanks for reading! I agree!
+August 22, 2022
+This writeup is everything i needed to know about the grinder, thank you so much!
+August 26, 2022
+Hi! Thanks for the great writeup. I just wanted to ask if the old Mini hopper short version still fits these new refreshed Mini’s? Thanks in advance for your help.
+August 27, 2022
+Hi Julio,
+It does fit perfectly, I think the dimensions of the neck didn’t change at all.
+Thanks for asking!
+Jaroslav
+August 27, 2022
+Great thank you! Are there any tips you have Jaroslav of dealing with losing grind setting on the Mini every time you clean the burrs? I currently use a Mignon Turbo 65mm and I’ve only used Mignon Manuale before this. On both these models, no grind setting is lost when cleaning.
+Can you also stop a dose on the Type B models by touching the portafilter button again to stop a dose early?
+August 28, 2022
+Hi Julio,
+I wouldn’t worry about it. You only need to clean the grinder once or twice a year, since I need to dial in two grinders almost daily I seriously couldn’t care less about having to dial in after cleaning. Dialing in is quicker than cleaning the grinder 🙂 There are many good grinders out there that lose grind setting after cleaning, it’s nothing to have concerns about.
+Yes, you can stop grinding by pressing the button on both B and A.
+Thanks for asking!
+Jaroslav
+August 28, 2022
+Thanks Jaroslav!
+September 9, 2022
+Hi Jaroslav, How well does the portafilter fork work with the Acaia dosing cup you have there? Can the fork be removed to use the dosing cup sitting on top of scales? How well does a bottomless portafilter sit on the fork? Any insight from you before I make the upgrade is appreciated.
+September 9, 2022
+Hi Max,
+The dosing cup sits very nicely, there’s just enough space to put/take out the dosing cup under the funnel. I’ve posted a few videos on YouTube, you can see how that works there:
+Espresso with Mazzer Mini A and La Marzocco Linea Mini
+I’ve tried that with the scales and it kind of works, but also not really. For one, there’s hardly enough space to quickly spoon out ground coffee from the cup, and then there’s this lip that doesn’t let the dosing cup to sit right beneath the funnel (maybe a differently shaped dosing cup would work better here). It sort of works because the coffee shoots right into the cup, leaving very little amount of coffee that doesn’t make it into the cup (I took some pictures, you’ll get what I mean). While it’s nice to see it hit the dose, it’s somewhat useless at the same time because the grinder doesn’t stop at weight (sorry, just my honest opinion). Here’s what it looks like:
+Picture 1
+Picture 2
+The bottomless portafilter sits really nicely as well, almost as if it was made specifically for La Marzocco portafilters. I still like to use a funnel, though it’s not really necessary. Here’s what that looks like:
+Picture 1
+Picture 2
+Picture 3
+I hope this helps Max!
+Jaroslav
+September 9, 2022
+Brilliant! Either dosing cup or bottomless portafilter work very well. And easy enough to weigh separately. Thanks for speedy reply and especially the visuals.
+September 9, 2022
+Anytime!
+September 22, 2022
+Thanks alot for this review. Im a total rookie who fell in love with the Elektra micro casa a lever s1. I will recieve it this weekend and needed to find a grinder for it. I thought I had to find a somewhat high end at a decent price and I found this Mazzer for roughly 500 dollars. Only used for a year with very little usage. Your review made me convinced that I should chose the Mazzer mini Electronica B. Thanks again for your passionate and brilliant review!
+If of any interests, here’s the beauty Im getting home this weekend (chrome at the rose gold though). I think they will do an astonishing pair 🙂
+You might be interested in this amazing review of the Mashine 🙂 :
+The 2014 class of Running Backs was probably the best group of Running Backs ever.
+But, how is the 2016 recruiting class of backs going to be?
+ESPN rankings:
+1. BJ Emmons – Alabama, Morgantown, North Carolina 5-11, 220: Last I checked it was not known whether Emmons would qualify and gain admittance. Strange things happen when guys like this try to get into SEC schools and I would not even raise an eyebrow if he is on the team in August. Emmons is a talent and most regard him as the top Running Back in the country. If he makes it in, he will play as a true freshman and maybe play a lot.
+2. Demario McCall – Ohio State, North Ridgeville, Ohio 5-9, 175: McCall is small, but don’t let that fool you. He can fly which his 10.53 100 meters as a sophomore will attest. The 4.4 McCall can
+run and he can cut on a proverbial dime. Supposedly, the Buckeyes timed him at 4.34 at a camp. At his size, or lack of size, there is a reason why he is rated as the second best Running Back in the country. McCall could be playing really soon for the Buckeyes but probably not at Running Back. He will compete with Curtis Samuel and Dontre Wilson for playing time at the Buckeyes version of a wingback/flanker.
+3. Miles Sanders – Penn State, Pittsburgh, Pa 5-11, 200: Sanders was the most impressive back I saw by video, or film. He reminded a little bit of a young Tony Dorsett. Sanders is super fast, shifty and fluid as can be. Graceful like Dorsett is a way of describing him. But, Sanders is a little bigger than a young Dorsett and he is stronger and more powerful. For me, with the Nittany Lions already having Saquon Barkley who was the best young Running Back in the Big 10 on campus, Sanders coming aboard is just more affirmation of his abilities and confidence. Sanders can play and he probably won’t redshirt. On my list, Sanders would have been number one.
+4. Kareem Walker – Michigan, New Wayne, New Jersey 6-0, 210: Some have Walker as the best Running Back in the country and I have no problem with that at all. I saw him in two full games and video of him and he is a talent. He has good size, which will more than likely get much better in a college weight program. He has good to great speed and he has all of the intangibles. Michigan is loaded at Running Back, but Harbaugh likes to play a few it seems. He might be better off redshirting, but I am thinking he sees playing time immediately. Also, Kingston Davis from Prattville, Alabama is rated 77th on this list and the 6-0, 230 Davis will be a good one of the
+Wolverines and maybe pretty early on. Both Walker and Davis played in the Spring Game in Ann Arbor.
+5. Tavien Feaster – Clemson, Spartanburg, South Carolina 5-11, 205: Feaster played the last two seasons with an injury. He had surgery in February to make necessary repairs and he will not be able to practice at least the first week of camp, maybe longer. I am thinking that might set him that much further behind. He played two seasons with a torn shoulder and was still rated as the 5th best back in the country. That’s impressive in and of itself. That means this kid is some kind of tough. Wayne Gallman is the returning Running Back for Clemson and he is one of the tops in the country. Gallman will more than likely leave this year with Deshaun Watson, so the job will be open after this season. Feaster is a tough runner with good speed and he could be the starter in 2017. Who is tough enough to tell a kid that plays with injury that he can’t play?
+6. Devwah Whaley – Arkansas, Beaumont, Texas 6-0, 195: Fast back from Texas with plenty of moves. He seems to not mind contact and was even seen running over a few poor defenders. But, he mostly just outruns people. Arkansas lost both of it’s top Running Backs from the past two seasons and the ones that remain are mostly power runners. There may be a place for Whaley to contribute as a true freshman in 2016. He would be a change of pace from the other runners that the Razorbacks possess. I see him contributing pretty early in Fayetteville.
+7. Amir Rasul – Florida State, Coral Gables, Florida 5-11, 195: Lightening in a bottle? Rasul is a blue burner that has tremendous acceleration somewhat like Dalvin Cook who he might replace someday. He just takes off and leaves everyone with tremendous speed. The Seminoles return Cook
+and big back Jacques Patrick, but way too little depth behind them with the dismissal of Mario Pender from the team. In the Spring, the Seminoles’ coaching staff moved Defensive Back Ryan Green to Running Back and he looked good. But, there is a definitely opportunity for Amir Rasul at Running Back in Tallahassee. Even if you redshirt Rasul, he will be gone in 3 years anyway.
+8. Carlin Fils-Aime – Tennessee, Naples, Florida 5-11, 175: Desmond Howard, the Michigan Heisman winner calls guys like Fils-Aime a Florida Stick Boy. That only means that when his foot plants, or sticks, he can change direction in less than a heartbeat. Or, something along those lines. Fils-Aime is listed as a 4.4 guy but he just runs circles around opponents. True, he is a little guy, but that speed just makes up for everything. It’s doubtful that he will be an every down Running Back, but has elite quickness and speed.
+9. Antonio Williams – Ohio State, New London, North Carolina 5-11, 215: It’s a brilliant opportunity for Antonio Williams at Ohio State. Since the Buckeyes booted Bri’onte Dunn off of the team, the only competition at Running Back for Williams is redshirt freshman Nick Weber. While Weber is a talented Running Back, the chances of Williams playing as a true freshman are strictly up to him. Williams is 215 now and he will continue to get bigger, stronger and faster. His future looks very bright.
+10. Travis Homer – Miami, West Palm Beach, Florida 5-11, 195: Homer has more moves than John Travolta in Saturday Night Fever. He can really shake and bake and he’s got great speed as well. This is the kind of guy that the Hurricanes need to keep near home if they are going to return to elite status. I believe they will be there shortly with Mark Richt as head coach. There’s just no excuse not to win at Miami with the kind of talent on the team and in the area. However, the Hurricanes will be loaded at Running Back next season with Joseph Yearby, Mark Walton and Gus Edwards returning. Walton is currently suspended, but if he returns, Homer should probably redshirt and beef up a bit.
+There is just so much talent in South Florida.
+11. Elijah Holyfield – Georgia, Atlanta, Georgia 5-11, 205: As a boxing fan, I will say that I was a huge fan of his dad’s. That man gave everything he had every time he stepped into the ring and you can ask Mike Tyson about that. It appears that Elijah may bring that same type of work ethic and fighting spirit and heart to the football field and if he does then consider me a Georgia Bulldog fan, at least while he’s there. Holyfield is a tough running, hard nosed back with some decent speed. He doesn’t have that flashy speed, apparently, like some others on this list. But, he can outrun some people, too. He’s strong and able to run over, but he has the juice to make a move on somebody and leave them behind. If Holyfield does happen to get mad, please just leave your helmet on. His dad supposedly wanted Elijah at Notre Dame because he loved it there, but he’s happy with Elijah’s choice, I believe.
+12. George Hill – Pittsburgh, Hubbard, Ohio 6-0, 195: Pittsburgh is a great city and there’s no reason for the Panthers not to be a really good football team like they were in the late 1970s and 1980s. They have picked up their game against Penn State and things look like they could be changing under new coach Pat Narduzzi. The Panthers have two really good huge backs returning in James Conner and Qadree Ollison. But, what they need is a speedster back there that can provide explosiveness. Hill isn’t as fast as some others, but he does bring something to the table that the Panthers do lack. Last season, they tried playing true freshman Jordan Whitehead at Running Back as well as at Safety and he was impressive. If Hill is ready, he can play as a freshman here. He is a very versatile player, also, and he could play any number of positions besides Running Back.
+13. Damian Alloway – UCLA, Fontana, California 5-9, 167: I’m not sure why Alloway is ESPN’s 13th rated Running Back. He should be in the Athlete category. I don’t see him playing Running Back at UCLA and he rarely played there in high school from what I have seen. He is super quick and an excellent return man on punts and kicks and he had many returns for scores in high school. He played some Wide Receiver and he played Defensive Back as well. He could play any of those positions, but at 5-9 and less than 170 pounds he will have a hard time at Running Back against the likes of USC and Stanford. He’s a good prospect at several positions.
+14. Chase Lucas – Arizona State, Chandler, Arizona 6-0, 170: The city of Chandler puts out a few
+top players from time to time and Lucas is a really good prospect. He is a bit on the smaller side, also, but he has outstanding speed and quickness. The Sun Devils tried to make a mark at home this recruiting season and grabbed Lucas and the top Wide Receiver recruit in the nation in N’keal Harry. Lucas can contribute as a true freshman, but the Sun Devils return Demario Richard and Kalen Ballage.
+15. Kyle Porter – Texas, Katy, Texas 5-10, 190: The Texas Longhorns are actually fairly deep at the Running Back position for the first time in years. They made improvements with their Offensive Coordinator and Offensive Line and they have some good Running Backs returning. D’Onta Foreman and Chris Warren III both return and both are huge backs that run with great power. Porter is a lot smaller, but he has good speed and power if necessary. He comes from a program that runs the ball like few others and he reminds a little bit of a young Cedric Benson, only a little faster. In all of the videos I watched of Porter, I never saw anybody run him down in the open field. Of course, that is high school and college football is another matter altogether. Katy has a huge Offensive Line and they usually just run the football down opponents’ throats. Is Porter a system player, or will he be a great college back?
+16. Justin Connor – Ole Miss, Sardis, Mississippi 5-10, 185: There is an opportunity for early playing time at Ole Miss for Justin Connor. The Ole Miss top Running Back over the past few seasons has used up his eligibility. Akeem Judd and Jordan Wilkins are returning and they are pretty good, but not enough to intimidate a young freshman like Justin Connor. Supposedly, Connor can run a low 4.4 which should put him contention for playing time as a freshman.
+17. Kameron Martin – Auburn, Port Arthur, Texas 5-11, 175: Martin signed with Baylor before the huge scandal came out. He wanted out of his scholarship with Baylor and he was recruited all over again. This time, he picked the Auburn Tigers. Martin is a cousin of former Texas Longhorn Jamaal Charles but he got upset with the Longhorns because they didn’t offer him early enough for his tastes. Martin is small, but he is about as fast as anyone on this list. He is super quick and can cut as quickly as about anyone, too. He will be more suited to play in a Wingback type of position than as a pure Running Back. But, he is a very talented kid.
+18. Brittain Brown – Duke, Canton, Georgia 6-1, 200: I wrote earlier about Duke’s excellent
+recruiting efforts and Brittain Brown was one of their better recruits. Brown played against top competition and led a talented state in rushing at the 6A level. He ran over and around and just outran a lot of talented players. If he is as good as he looks, the Blue Devils may be a much better team starting pretty soon. Duke head coach David Cutcliffe has transformed this program from a joke to a competitive team. Quarterback Thomas Sirk was Duke’s leading rusher last season and that needs to instantly change.
+19. Martell Pettaway – West Virginia, Saint Claire Shores, Michigan 5-9, 205: The Detroit area star apparently wanted a slightly warmer climate and he picked the Mountaineers of West Virginia. Pettaway looks like what they call a patient runner. That’s a guy that waits on his Linemen to make a block instead of just running into an opponent. He’s a shorter, stouter kind of back with good speed and moves.
+20. Vavae Malepeai – USC, Mililani, Hawaii 6-0, 205: The Trojans went to the beautiful island of Hawaii to grab a talented Running Back this recruiting class. He doesn’t appear to have blazing speed and yet nobody is catching him from behind. He certainly had his choice of schools because most everybody was after him before he picked the Trojans. The Trojans have a lot of young Running Backs, so playing time may be rare unless Malepeai is a special talent.
+21. Trayveon Williams – Texas A%M, Houston, Texas 5-9, 180: Williams chose to stay close to home. He’s not the biggest guy around, but he is really speedy and shifty. The Aggies don’t really have a lot of talent at the position and Williams could play pretty early. Their starter should be a redshirt freshman, Keith Ford. If Williams can come in and impress early, he might see some early playing time.
+22. Brandon Wellington – Washington, Bellevue, Washington 6-0, 220: My respect for
+Washington coach Chris Petersen is growing as Wellington has already been moved to Linebacker and he should fight for playing time on that side of the ball with his outstanding athletic ability.
+23. Rakeem Boyd – Texas A%M, Houston, Texas 5-11, 200: Boyd picked the Aggies and he will compete with guys like Trayveon Williams and Keith Ford for playing time. He was actually a little better than I expected. His posted 40 time was pretty slow and that was clearly inaccurate. He looks like a solid prospect at Running Back that could play early if he is ready to go.
+24. Denzel Mitchell – ??????, Hamilton, Alabama 5-10, 210: He was committed to Ole Miss at one point, but finally wound up at the University of Alabama at Birmingham.
+25. Tre Turner – Arizona State, New Orleans, Louisiana 5-10, 190: The Sun Devils came into LSU territory to grab another Running Back. In my opinion, they got a steal. Turner is listed as possessing 4.35 speed and I won’t argue that. This kid can fly. He has plenty of power and ran over a few smaller guys in high school, but he has the ability to go around them and take it the distance.
+There are always a few surprises whenever the season starts.
+Paul Robeson: scholar, athlete, singer, orator.
+Trenton's Neadom Roberts (left) and fellow war hero Henry Johnson pose for a picture taken by James VanDerZee, the premier photographer of the Harlem Renaissance.
+T `
+In the war year of 1918, when African-Americans were being lynched down South and relegated to ghettoes up North, two black men from Mercer County emerged as national celebrities.
+One of them, Army private Neadom Roberts of Trenton, became the first American -- black or white -- to win France's highest medal of military valor in World War I after an amazing exploit in which he and a buddy routed 20 Germans by themselves.
+The other, Princeton native Paul Robeson, entered his college senior year as an All-American in football, a star in three other sports and the brightest academic star Rutgers University had ever seen.
+Their success only added to the growing opportunity and self-respect that blacks saw in the bustling war years, despite all the discrimination they had to endure.
+It was a time when W. E. B. DuBois issued a stirring call for civil rights in the NAACP journal, The Crisis.
+"Make way for democracy!" he wrote. "We saved it in France, and by the great Jehovah, we will save it in the United States."
+But for many of these veterans -- and for the two achievers, Roberts and Robeson -- the promise of postwar America would evaporate into bitter
+disappointment.
+Roberts grew up at 249 Church St. in a Trenton that was, essentially, a Jim Crow town -- the capital of a state that some regarded as a northern outpost of the old Confederacy.
+He went to the old Lincoln Elementary School, a blacks-only building on Bellevue Avenue with leaky water pipes and drafty windows. If he wanted to see a movie or ride a streetcar, he had to sit in the "colored" section.
+A quiet, modest teen, Roberts left school early and worked as a teen-aged bellboy at the Hotel
+Windsor -- little dreaming of the world upheaval that would change his life.
+In 1917, America declared war on Germany and the nation called its able-bodied young men into the service. What to do with black men of draft age became a burning question.
+President Woodrow Wilson was ambivalent on the race question. But when it came to manpower, he needed all the bodies he could get, whatever color -- so he gave the order to conscript black as well as white.
+Black volunteers came from all over the nation, eager to prove their patriotism or just have an adventure in Europe.
+"World War I was really the first major opportunity since the Civil War when blacks could demonstrate their patriotism and show they had as much stake in this country as anyone," said Trenton schoolteacher Jack Washington, who has written about Roberts and local history in his book, "The Quest for Equality."
+Roberts, 17 years old, enlisted in New York City and joined the 15th New York National Guard,
+afterward renamed the 369th Infantry.
+Soldiers of the 369th had to endure petty indignities from the day they signed up. Shipped off to a base in South Carolina, they were given only summer clothes to wear in winter, denied facilities for bathing and refused service in restaurants when they went on leave.
+Other "colored" regiments got no better treatment up north. At Camp Dix, now Fort Dix, some whites nearly started a race riot when they slapped a sign over their barracks that read: "No nigger soldiers allowed."
+Army brass thought blacks were deficient in courage and intelligence, fit only for manual labor as stevedores and truck drivers. "The poorer class of backwoods Negro has not the mental stamina and moral sturdiness to put him in the line regiment opposing German troops," an Army report said.
+But the 369th, arriving in France in December 1917, had a chance to distinguish itself.
+France needed reinforcements in a weakly defended sector of the Argonne Forest, and Gen. John J. Pershing delivered his black troops.
+The night of May 14, 1918, Private Roberts teamed with Sgt. Henry Johnson of Albany, N.Y. for guard duty in the forward lines, a creepy tangle of thick brush pockmarked with shell holes.
+Shortly before dawn, a raiding party of 20 Germans swooped upon them, guns blazing. Roberts fell wounded and unconscious, his side torn open by a bayonet, his fingers ripped by bullets. Johnson, out of ammo, fell wounded too.
+Seemingly triumphant, the spike-helmeted attackers began dragging Roberts to their lines
+as a prisoner. But Johnson got back up grasping a bolo knife -- a razor-sharp weapon as heavy
+as a butcher's meat cleaver -- and stabbed two of the enemy to death.
+Roberts, freed, fought back too, shooting until his rifle jammed and then lobbing grenades.
+When the smoke had cleared, Roberts and Johnson had held their ground, accounted for at
+least four enemy dead, and played a role in rolling back the Germans on the Western Front.
+For their deed, the heroic duo were presented France's Croix de Guerre.
+"Good and brave soldier," said a French general in giving Roberts his medal.
+While Roberts was showing bravery abroad, Robeson was nearing the end of his remarkable college studies.
+Born at 72 Witherspoon St., Princeton, Robeson spent his earliest years in a university town that he would later call "for all intents and purposes ... a southern plantation."
+But Robeson's father was a proud Presbyterian minister, a man who had been born a slave
+and escaped to freedom, and taught his son that the black man "was in every way the equal
+of the white man."
+When young Paul's mother died in a house
+fire in 1904, the family relocated to Somerville. Robeson did so well in high school there that he
+won an academic scholarship to Rutgers College in New Brunswick.
+At the time, Rutgers was not the sprawling university of today, but a small state college
+of 500 students, and Robeson stood out as the only black student.
+A strapping 6-foot-2, 190 pounds, he tried out for the football team upon entering college in 1915. One player broke his nose. Another knocked the him down, stomped a cleated
+shoe on his right hand and tore off all the fingernails.
+Robeson stayed in practice, and on the
+next scrimmage lifted the offender clean off the ground and held him over his head.
+"Robey, you're on the varsity!" shouted
+the coach.
+Robeson's toughness and spirited play eventually won him respect from teammates and
+adulation from fans. By the end of his freshman year, he was a starter. By his junior year, in
+1917, he was named to the All-American team as an end and tackle.
+Sportswriters patronized him with nicknames like "the big darky" and "the dusky marvel." But they still praised him.
+Robeson showed that he was a star in more than football. He played baseball and basketball
+and tossed the javelin.
+In 1918 alone, he won his third straight
+debating title, earned a Phi Beta Kappa key and was hailed by his classmates as "the leader of the
+colored race in America."
+Valedictorian of the class, Robeson graduated in 1919 with praise for the troops then fighting in Europe. "Join with us in continuing to fight for the great principles for which they contended, until in all sections of this fair land there will be equal opportunities for all," he said in his valedictory.
+Robeson's fame grew even greater after college as a singer of black spirituals, a movie actor
+and political activist.
+But the more he saw of the world, the more he grew to despise American racism and speak his mind. He embraced Soviet communism, became a target of the American government's wrath in the Cold War years and had his passport revoked.
+He died in 1976, celebrated as a civil
+rights pioneer by some, reviled as disloyal by others.
+The other hero of 1918, Trenton's Neadom Roberts, came home raised to the rank of
+sergeant on Nov. 6, the week before Armistice Day. Trenton welcomed him back with a
+parade down Clinton Avenue and a mayor's reception.
+He got married and had a child, Juanita, in 1919. That child is now Juanita Hedgepeth, 79, who lives in Bernice Munce Tower and still remembers how her father toured the country, lecturing audiences on his thrilling adventures.
+"He was a busybody," Hedgepeth said. "He had an artificial elbow and a hole in his side, but he kept at it and I always thought of him as a great man."
+Just 19, Roberts seemed to have a promising life ahead. But Trenton was still Trenton -- a segregated town with few opportunites for a black man.
+In 1924, Roberts was thrown into federal prison for wearing his Army uniform, a no-no for ex-
+servicemen. In 1928, he was arrested again for sexual abuse.
+He tried to turn his life around, marrying and moving to Newark to work as a messenger for a
+radio station. But he was arrested a third time, this time for molesting an 8-year-old girl.
+On April 18, 1949, the day he was to be arraigned on the molestation charge, Neadom
+Roberts was found hanged in his home. His body dangled from a basement rafter beside his wife,
+Iola, also hanged. She had left a note.
+"Neadom and I are going together," it said. "It is best that way. He is innocent of any charge against him."
+A posthumous campaign to award Roberts and Johnson the Medal of Honor has never been
+successful.
+1918: They fought racism on two fronts
+By JON BLACKWELL / The Trentonian
+1900s
+1910s
+1920s
+1930s
+1940s
+1950s
+1960s
+1970s
+1980s
+1990s
+Editors Note: This article appeared in Salvo 18, Fall 2011 edition and is used by permission.
+The film Gattaca is a 1997 science fiction thriller about a world where the genetically engineered elite have exclusive rights to space travel, while the In-Valids, who are “naturally conceived,” perform some real-life parents experience today. also wanted him to be heterosexual so they could have grandchildren.
+Next, when the doctor offered options for mathematic or musical enhancement, Marie jumped at the thought: percent embryos will be destroyed.
+Guaranteed Perfection
+Gattaca is simply a futuristic and sophisticated refinement, based on advances in technology, of the reproductive model we find in Aldous Huxley’s 1931 novel, Brave New World. Both works highlight the stark realities of a world of controlled reproduction.
+In the world of Huxley’s novel, there is guaranteed perfection. There are “no mistakes.” As the various characters explain the Bokanovsky Process, we learn that women “voluntarily” offer their ovaries for egg harvesting, “for the good of society.” They are compensated with a six-month bonus.
+The process proceeds along alternate pathways, with several steps:
+In Huxley’s novel, sex is completely severed from procreation. Sex is for pleasure. Sex is for everyone, and with everyone. Promiscuous sex is for social stability, ensuring that no one becomes uniquely attached to someone else.
+Today, in the real world, we have also severed sex from marriage, and marriage from procreation. Sex is an expression of personal preference, power, or pleasure. The procreation of children the “natural way” is still the ideal for some. But for those who have spent their fertile years on non-procreative pleasure, and then later decide that they want to have a child, reproduction is still possible through Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART), that is, through “baby-making.”
+A Tour of ART
+The oldest ART method is also the lowest-tech one. Artificial insemination by husband, or AIH, involves collecting a man’s sperm and transferring it to his wife’s uterus for fertilization and implantation. AIH was based on methods of artificial insemination first developed for cattle in the U.S. in the late 1930s, and later adopted by many other countries.
+A line could have been drawn at AIH, that is, at limiting the practice to the use of a husband’s sperm and his wife’s womb to assist a married couple in the conception of their biological child. But the practice soon expanded to include AID, or artificial insemination by donor, using sperm donated by someone other than the woman’s husband. Furthermore, the donor (the biological “father”) could be either known to the woman or anonymous.
+Female infertility itself can be treated in several ways. One way is to use medication. There are a variety of drugs that have different mechanisms that induce the female to produce eggs. Surgery is another way. Surgical procedures may be used to remove obstructing tissue, reverse a prior sterilization, or open a blocked Fallopian tube. If medication or surgery is successful, no assisted reproductive technology may be required.
+But if drugs and surgery do not work, the couple may attempt in vitro fertilization (IVF). In this procedure, the woman must take chemical hormones to cause her ovaries to release many more eggs than normal. The mature eggs are harvested through a laparoscopic procedure. Then, the male’s sperm must be retrieved. The sperm are mixed with the eggs in a Petri dish, and the hope is that several eggs will be fertilized. If they are, then one to six days later, one or more of the embryos are transferred to the woman’s uterus, where implantation may occur. If the sperm do not successfully penetrate and fertilize the eggs, then they can be injected directly into the eggs via ICSI, or intracytoplasmic sperm injection.
+If a couple desires a child but the woman is not able to bear one herself, the couple may seek the services of a gestational surrogate. This is a woman who agrees to be inseminated with the commissioning man’s sperm, or to be implanted with an embryo created by others. Her primary function is to go through pregnancy and childbirth on behalf of another woman. A surrogate can be altruistic, that is, someone who does not receive money for carrying the child but simply desires to help a family member or friend. One vivid recent example is Jaci Dalenberg, who gave birth to her triplet granddaughters in 2008.
+Surrogates can also be commercial, that is, women who receive compensation for carrying a child for someone else. Because of legal and cultural barriers against baby selling, such arrangements are usually structured as payments for the surrogate’s medical care and delivery, plus compensation for her time and suffering.
+In both altruistic and commercial gestational surrogacy, the woman is the biological mother of the baby or babies she gestates. In some cases, she may be the genetic mother as well, that is, someone who agrees to have her own eggs inseminated with the sperm of the contracting male. This is becoming less and less common, however, as women tend to get attached to babies who share 50 percent of their DNA.
+Baby-making used to involve only one man and one woman. All of these ART methods involve at least one “third party,” such as a doctor, and some of them inevitably involve third-party gametes from donors as well. We’ve been told it takes a village to raise a child—but to make one, too?
+This should prompt us to take the time to stop and reflect on where we are and what we’re doing. The competing drives to both end and initiate pregnancy at will, assisted by rapidly developing technologies, have blunted our moral awareness of the transcendent issues in baby-making. Our cultural myopia was foreshadowed by Huxley’s character, . Mustapha Mond, the Resident World Controller in Brave New World, when he proudly announced, “Mindless pleasure, love without emotion, supreme serenity . . . and best of all . . . there is no time to think!”
+Fractured Bonds
+The story of ART in law and policy begins with two Supreme Court cases, Griswold v. Connecticut (1965) and Eisenstadt v. Baird (1972). In Griswold, the Supreme Court struck down a never-enforced Connecticut law prohibiting the distribution or use of contraceptives, even by married couples. The Court questioned whether we would “allow the police to search the sacred precincts of marital bedrooms for telltale signs of the use of contraceptives?”1 It concluded that the law violated the right of marital privacy.
+A line could have been drawn there, but it did not hold. This was, after
+It was but a short step from the right to use birth control to prevent a pregnancy to the right to have an abortion to end a pregnancy. Just one year later, in Roe v. Wade, the Supreme Court ruled that a woman has a constitutional right of privacy that includes the right to choose to terminate her unwanted pregnancy. When Roe is read together with its companion case Doe v. Bolton, as the Court explicitly directed it to be, the “privacy right” is exposed as essentially a right to abortion throughout pregnancy for virtually any reason.
+The right not to continue a pregnancy implies a right to control, not just the spacing and timing, but also the fate of one’s own offspring. Through the invention of this “right,” an important feature of the parent-child bond was fractured.
+The New Babies. Before Lesley Brown’s successful IVF pregnancy, researchers had created over 80 embryos and transferred them into women’s wombs, and all of these embryos died. “Happiness must be paid for,” says Mustapha Mond near the conclusion of Brave New World. Lesley and John Brown’s happiness was paid for with research that did no good for at least 80 unborn children. Good and noble goals sometimes have a high price. The question we should ask is whether that price was worth paying.
+In another significant development, researchers figured out how to cryopreserve, or freeze, human embryos. This meant that when IVF produced an abundance of embryos, the “excess” embryos could be frozen for future use—another technological hurdle overcome, another line crossed. The first birth from a frozen embryo occurred in 1983.
+By this time, “baby making” also involved anonymous men to donate sperm, technicians to harvest, inspect, and fertilize eggs and to inspect embryos, and doctors to transfer embryos into women’s wombs. And still society did not draw the line at providing such material or technical assistance. After all, the reasoning went, women who are infertile due to blocked tubes can have their tubes unblocked or bypassed. But what about the woman with an inhospitable womb? Should she, because of ethical scruple, be barred from parenthood?
+Worst-Case Scenarios
+Enter the case of Baby M, born in 1986 to Mary Beth Whitehead. Mrs. Whitehead was inseminated with sperm from William Stern. Stern’s wife, Elizabeth, was not infertile. She had multiple sclerosis and did not want to incur any health risk from pregnancy. So the Sterns commissioned Mary Beth Whitehead to be their gestational surrogate. But problems arose when Mary Beth became attached to her baby and refused to give up the child. A legal battle Baby M turned 18, she frozen embryos to someone else. Junior opposed the idea. They went to court, and Junior Davis won.
+In weighing Mary Sue’s interest in donation against Junior’s interest in avoiding parenthood, the Tennessee Supreme Court reasoned thusly:
+Note that the court decided that the embryos were actually “preembryos.” As such, according to the court, they were entitled to “special respect,” a legal status that placed them above human tissue but below human persons. And because the Davises did not have a prior agreement about their “preembryos,” the court ruled that Junior Davis’s wishes should prevail.
+In spite of all the thorny problems it exposed, Davis v. Davis did not lead to a cessation or even a slow-down in the freezing of embryos. No one has kept good track, but fifteen years after Davis, it was estimated that half a million embryos resided in liquid nitrogen tanks at various clinics around the U.S.
+Children Without Sex
+From diaphragms for married couples to paid surrogates to frozen embryos, no legal lines held. In less than two generations, we moved from demanding “sex without children” to producing “children without sex.”
+In 1972, six years before IVF succeeded for the first time, Christian ethicist Dr. Paul Ramsey predicted the trajectory that assisted reproduction would take. Nearly thirty years later, Gilbert Meilaender noted the fulfillment of Ramsey’s prophetic insight that ART would be “less likely to treat and remedy a medical problem than to provide the desired product by other means.”6
+Those “other means” have come to include. On the surface, it appears that modern reproductive technology allows us to realize our deepest desires and wants without any moral strings attached. Of course, we are deceiving ourselves, but does anyone even care? Again, Meilaender reflects on the insight of Ramsey, who wondered, if the practice of. Is this the brave new world we really want?
+This article is excerpted and adapted from a lecture originally presented at Trinity International University, Deerfield, Illinois, and was published in the Spring 2011 issue of Dignitas, the quarterly publication of The Center for Bioethics & Human Dignity.
+The original lecture is available at.
+Endnotes
+[1] Griswold v. Connecticut, 381 U.S. 479, 485 (1965).
+[2] Eisenstadt v. Baird, 405 U.S. 438, 453 (1972)(emphasis in original).
+[3] In re Baby M, 537 A.2d 1227, 109 N.J. 396 (N.J. 1988).
+[4] Davis v. Davis, 842 S.W.2d 588 (Tenn. 1992).
+[6] Gilbert Meilaender, Neither Beast Nor God: The Dignity of the Human Person (Encounter Books, 2009), 35.
+[7] Ibid., 32. See also Kay S. Hymowitz, “The Incredible Shrinking Father,” City Journal, 17, no. 2 (Spring 2007),.
+[8] Paul Ramsey, “Shall We ‘Reproduce?’” The Journal of the American Medical Association 220, no. 1 (1972),, quoted in Meilaender, id., 35–36.
+In the exploration of the V-Yagi, we ended with an unanswered question based on the performance and pattern characteristics of the antenna. The pattern and some of the performance curves resemble those associated with the 2-element Moxon rectangle that uses dual coupling--from the parallel elements and from element tip to element tip. However, the Moxon rectangle uses close tip spacing between the driver and reflector. The V-Yagi uses wider spacing between parasitic element tips, with an intervening driver. Hence, the question mark.
+We can formulate the question in several ways. Is the V-Yagi a 3-element Moxon rectangle? This question is actually a disguised form of another: Does the V-Yagi derive its patterns and performance curves from dual forms of element coupling? Or, are the V-shaped elements in the V-Yagi sufficient to account for the analogous behaviors between it and the Moxon? An affirmative answer to the latter question would suggest that there may be a critical angle for parasitic elements that produces, at the design frequency, a nearly cardioidal pattern. This result would be consistent with studies of the VK2ABQ square. In that design, which uses the same kind of fold-back elements as the Moxon, we find 2 versions: a narrow-spaced version that forms a squared Moxon and a wide-spaced (or large-gap) version that appears less dependent upon the gap for its characteristics.
+The questions posed here have very few practical implications. They do not change the recommended dimensions for the V-Yagi or alter its performance. Instead, the matter simply piques my curiosity. My analytic tools focus on careful modeling of the antenna. However, the calculations performed by the NEC core do not automatically signal the number and types of coupling modes that may be at work with relatively close spaced elements in an array. Rather, the program calculates interactions among all segments as a single large matrix, taking into account the geometric structure of segments, some of which are connected to others and some of which form unconnected wire ends.
+However, NEC offers indirect evidence for single or dual element coupling. (Actually, all elements within the inductive or close-in near field range are dual coupled. However, the more parallel the elements and the farther apart, the weaker that end coupling will be until we may almost dismiss it. However, NEC does calculate the end effect of wires and takes this factor into account in the overall calculation of the interactive matrix.) We need to devise a strategy that will allow us to distinguish between patterns that result from Vee'd parasitic elements and those that emerge from dual coupling.
+We can obtain the necessary clues if we pay close attention to the patterns and performance curves of a series of antennas. Fig. 1 shows the sequence that we shall use. All antennas in the series are scaled to each other, relative to the models that we shall examine. In fact, all of the models will use the 10-meter amateur band (28.0 to 29.0 MHz) as the test arena. Except for the V-Yagi, all models will use 0.5" diameter elements. The V-Yagi model will use a 1" driver with AWG #14 parasitic elements. (The diameter of AWG #14 wire is 0.0641".) The first antenna is a short-boom standard-design Yagi. Its patterns and performance curves will form a reference against which we can compare the results from other models.
+The second antenna is the V-Yagi. We shall be interested in examining the details of how the pattern and performance curves differ from those of a standard Yagi. Then we may compare the data for both antennas against a model of a Moxon rectangle to see if we may find points of similarity and of difference. However, this comparison alone will not provide us with sufficient information to be decisive about our initial question.
+If there is dual coupling between the parasitic elements of a V-Yagi, we ought to be able to enhance that phenomenon by creating a rectangular version of the antenna, shown at the bottom of Fig. 1. The sketch of the rectangle is incomplete, since it shows a shortened driver. We may bring the driver to resonance by adding symmetrical extensions at right angles to the driver. We shall look at 2 variations on this process to see if they have any significant affect the antenna performance.
+The sum of these maneuvers should provide us with sufficient information to determine whether or not the V-Yagi obtains its Moxon-esque patterns and performance curves solely from the parasitic Vee element shapes or also from coupling between element tips. Table 1 provides the dimensions for most of our test models. I shall explain any special designations in the course of working with each antenna.
+The Standard Yagi
+Standard 3-element Yagis come in a variety of boom lengths and element layouts. The 10-meter version used here is a short-boom model with a 90" spacing between the reflector and the director (with the standard 0.5" diameter elements). For added gain, we can increase the boom length by up to 50% with only a small reduction in the 2:1 SWR passband. However, the short-boom model perhaps most closely corresponds to the V-Yagi and other models. The native driver impedance is close to 25 Ohms, so I have equipped the model with a beta match to yield 50-Ohm SWR curves, which appear for all other models in the series. In general, the operating passband of an antenna does not change significantly when we add a well designed impedance-matching network. As well, such networks have no effect upon the pattern shape, the forward gain, or the rear lobes of the array.
+Fig. 2 shows the free-space azimuth or E-plane patterns of the antenna at the band edges (28.0 and 29.0 MHz) and at the design frequency (28.5 MHz). The design selects element length and spacing values to yield at least a 20-dB 180-degree front-to-back ratio at each band edge. Perhaps the most important pattern feature to notice is the side nulls at 90 degrees off the main forward heading of the pattern. Because the elements are parallel to each other and because each element has negligible end radiation, the radiation far field goes to virtually zero at right angles to the boom in a free-space context. (Over ground, the nulls become shallower as we bring the antenna closer to ground.)
+Since the patterns do not show the relative gain values, the following small table of spot values will fill
+the blanks. The table shows excessive decimal places in values, but you may truncate the values wherever you please.
+Spot Free-Space Performance of the Short-Boom Standard Yagi
+Frequency 28.0 28.5 29.0
+Gain dBi 7.08 7.12 7.36
+180-Deg. Front-to-Back Ratio dB 20.74 41.84 20.59
+Beamwidth degrees 66.8 66.6 65.6
+Feedpoint Resistance Ohms 79.78 53.98 30.54
+Feedpoint Reactance Ohms 6.89 0.12 -1.41
+50-Ohn SWR 1.615 1.080 1.639
+We can enhance the spot values by performing a frequency sweep at 0.1-MHz intervals. The result will be a better sense of how values progress from one end of the band to the other. Fig. 3 shows the curves for forward gain and front-to-back ratios. The line labeled front/back ratio gives the 180-degree values, while the line labeled front/side ratio provides the worst-case front-to-back ratio (since the short-boom array has no forward sidelobes). Note that the worst-case front-to-back ratio does not change very much over the entire 3.5% bandwidth
+What the spot chart does not show us is the fact that, at the low end of this wide passband, the gain actually dips as frequency increases befor entering the steady rise in value that we ordinarily associate with Yagis having 1 or more directors. The dip is operationally insignificant but will be interesting as a reference when we compare other array performance curves with this one. The position of the 180-degree front-to-back ratio values tells us that the peak value occurs just above the design frequency.
+The chart of feedpoint resistance, reactance, and 50-Ohm SWR in Fig.4 shows the reverse characteristic created by the use of a matching network at the feedpoint. Without the network, the 25-Ohm lines would have shown a rising feedpoint resistance across the band, with a reactance that began as capacitive at 28.0 MHz and ended as inductive at 29.0 MHz. Like the curves that result from the presence of a matching network, the progressions of resistance and reactance would have been nearly linear. Since in either case, I would have set the array dimensions for roughly comparable SWR values at each end of the band, the SWR curve would also have shown a reverse characteristic, rising more rapidly below the design frequency than above it.
+The data on the standard-design 3-element Yagi give us a fair catalog of array characteristics to use as we proceed through the comparisons. As well, they serve as a useful review of what to expect from a well-designed 3-element short-boom Yagi.
+The V-Yagi
+As shown in Table 1, I have selected a simplified model of the V-Yagi for this exercise. Rather than using a tapered-diameter driver, I have set the diameter at 1" with AWG #14 wire parasitic elements. The total boom length from one parasitic center to the other is 122". The total side-to-side dimension of the array is slightly smaller than for the standard-design Yagi, since we load the reflector with an inductive reactance of 110 Ohms (a 12.04" shorted stub of 600-Ohm line). Nevertheless, despite the fatter diameter of the driver relative to the same element in the standard-design Yagi, it is slightly longer.
+Perhaps the most intriguing aspect of V-Yagi performance are the free-space azimuth (or E-plane) patterns. They appear in Fig. 5, showing the band edge shapes and the shape for the design frequency. In order to yield comparable front-to-back values at the band edges, the design frequency is 28.3 MHz. At the design frequency, the front-to-back ratio is very high, since the 180-degree and worst-case values are identical. As the rear pattern degrades away from the design frequency, the rear lobes grow in a manner quite unlike those of the standard-design Yagi.
+In addition to the differences in the rear lobe growth in the V-Yagi, the array shows its side nulls at an
+angle (with respect to the main forward lobe) that is not 90 degrees. In fact, the side nulls occur at about
+120 degrees off the main heading. One consequence of this feature is a wider beamwidth than we find in a
+standard design. In the following table of spot values, compare the beamwidth values to those for the standard Yagi
+presented earlier. The V-Yagi beamwidth is 6 to 7 degrees wider.
+Spot Free-Space Performance of the V-Yagi
+Frequency 28.0 28.3 29.0
+Gain dBi 7.05 6.91 6.92
+180-Deg. Front-to-Back Ratio dB 16.35 34.00 14.42
+Beamwidth degrees 72.8 73.2 72.2
+Feedpoint Resistance Ohms 37.95 42.43 31.69
+Feedpoint Reactance Ohms 3.29 4.29 16.98
+50-Ohn SWR 1.331 1.208 1.855
+When we examine the arrays over the full passband, the V-Yagi performance does not fully match the performance of the standard short-boom 3-element Yagi with respect either to gain or to front-to-back ratio. However, for the present investigation, we are less concerned with this fact than with a comparison of the performance curves. Fig. 6 presents the gain and front-to-back ratio curves for the V-Yagi for comparison with Fig. 3.
+Partly because V-Yagi construction calls for wire parasitic elements, the front-to-back curves do not hold up at the band edges to the level achieved by the short-boom standard Yagi. However, the 180-degree and the worst-case front-to-back ratios are the same throughout the passband. The gain curve is especially interesting. It shows a decreasing value as we move upward from the low end of the passband, followed by an upward swing at the top of the passband. The reduction in forward gain with increasing frequency resembles in a more dramatic--if not drastic--way the curve for the short-boom standard Yagi. The gain curve is not directly dependent upon the front-to-back ratio, since the front-to-back peak and the gain null occur at significantly different frequencies within the passband. More directly related to the gain curve are the values for the beamwidth: the higher the gain, the narrower the beamwidth. The amounts are small, but the phenomenon exists.
+Fig. 7 shows the resistance, reactance, and direct 50-Ohm SWR of the V-Yagi from 28.0 to 29.0 MHz. Compare the curves to Fig. 4. The standard Yagi shows nearly linear resistance and reactance curves. Without the matching network, these curves would show the opposite slope, but retain their near linearity. In contrast, the V-Yagi resistance curve shows its highest value at the design frequency, with lower values away from that frequency (28.3 MHz). As well, the reactance curve is not close to linear. The SWR shows a relatively high value (although still below 2:1) at the top end of the band, because I resonated the array at the design frequency. However, in the V-Yagi, the resonant driver frequency requires only a slight adjustment of the driver length and is almost independent of the dimensions for the parasitic elements. Therefore, we might easily adjust the driver for equal SWR values at both band edges. We may also perform this adjustment on the standard Yagi. Its modeled length is not inherently resonant, but set for the application of a beta match. Resonating the driver of that array would make it fit for a 1/4-wavelength matching section instead of the beta match stub.
+The Moxon Rectangle
+The question that we posed in the beginning--whether a V-Yagi exhibits dual coupling--requires that we add a Moxon rectangle to our list of examinees. The Moxon rectangle clearly exhibits both parallel and tip coupling, and so its characteristics become an important for comparison. However, the Moxon is a 2-element driver-reflector array, and we shall have to adjust some of our expectations accordingly.
+Fig. 8 supplies the dimension designations that correlate to the actual 10-meter dimensions shown in Table 1. Note that the overall driver and reflector lengths are approximately normal for a 2-element driver-reflector parasitic array. The key to the Moxon's performance lies in the gap between the tips. As we decrease the element diameter, the required tip gap needed to restore performance grows smaller. As well, the gap is more sensitive to construction variation than any of the length measurements.
+Like the V-Yagi, the Moxon requires a design frequency about 1/3 of the way up the operating passband to
+achieve comparable front-to-back ratios. In this exercise, I lowered the design frequency to match the frequency
+used for the V-Yagi. For equal front-to-back values at the band edges, a design frequency of about 28.35 MHz or
+so would have been superior. (Since the array has only 2 elements, the same technique is also necessary to achieve
+comparable 50-Ohm SWR values at the band edges.) Fig. 9 shows the patterns for the Moxon model across the
+passband. As the table of spot performance values shows, the band-edge front-to-back values are comparable to those
+of the V-Yagi. Because the array has only 2 elements, gain values are lower.
+Spot Free-Space Performance of the Moxon Rectangle
+Frequency 28.0 28.3 29.0
+Gain dBi 6.35 6.03 5.38
+180-Deg. Front-to-Back Ratio dB 19.13 43.99 14.75
+Beamwidth degrees 77.4 78.0 78.6
+Feedpoint Resistance Ohms 40.62 51.22 70.07
+Feedpoint Reactance Ohms -13.73 -3.58 12.39
+50-Ohn SWR 1.443 1.078 1.486
+The spot performance checks suggest that the Moxon has both similarities to and differences from the V-Yagi with respect to performance curves. Like the V-Yagi, the Moxon shows a wider beamwidth than standard Yagi designs. At the design frequency, the Moxon beamwidth is actually wider than for the V-Yagi and nearly 12 degrees wider than for a standard 3-element Yagi. Fig. 10 provides the curves for forward gain and front-to-back ratio for the Moxon. Like any 2-element driver-reflector parasitic array, the Moxon shows a steady decline in gain as we increase the operating frequency. If the curve differs from a standard 2-element Yagi, it is in the nearly linear gain curve across the passband.
+The front-to-back curves show differences between the 180-degree and the worst-case values in the center region of the passband. The remnant lobes at the design frequency--apparent in Fig. 9--show why the worst-case value is lower than the 180-degree value. However, as we move toward the passband edges, the rear lobe becomes a single bulbous affair. Under this condition, the worst-case and the 180-degree front-to-back ratios become identical.
+One of the most useful features of the Moxon rectangle is the slow rise in both resistance and reactance across the 10-meter band, as shown in Fig. 11. The result is a wide SWR passband. In this case, the 50-Ohm SWR does not rise to 1.5:1 between 28.0 and 29.0 MHz. Neither the V-Yagi nor the standard 3-element short-boom Yagi can match this performance, although both of these antennas have band-edge SWR values below 2:1.
+One feature of the Moxon that is not amenable to graphing concerns the phase angle of the current on the tip segment of each element. By increasing the number of model segments per element, we can obtain rough values that are useful for first-order comparisons. Ideally, we would like to know the current phase angle as close to the tip as feasible, but initially, we may use 40-50 segments per element to arrive at a general indication of what is happening. The exercise requires that we take the difference in current phase angle between the center segment of each element and the phase angle of the tip segment. Since the tip region is an area of high rates of change in both current and voltage, we cannot expect exactitude from the model. However, we may find something that is suggestive.
+In a standard 2-element Yagi using a driver and a reflector, with 51 segments per element, the sum of the phase angle changes for the two elements (relative to values at the element centers) is about 5 degrees. In a similarly segmented Moxon rectangle, the sum of the phase-angle changes is over 15 degrees. The equivalent sum (for 3 elements) in a V-Yagi with similar segmentation is under 6 degrees. The numbers, while far from definitive, strongly suggest that the V-Yagi does not have significant levels of tip-to-tip coupling. The corollary to this tentative conclusion is that the V-Yagi patterns are functions almost exclusively of the Vee geometry and not of element end coupling.
+The question that remains is whether we can devise a more definitive test.
+The 3-Element Rectangle
+One potential route to confirming our initial very tentative conclusion is to re-form the V-Yagi into a rectangle. In rectangular form, the end coupling--if any--will be enhanced by the fact that the parasitic elements will face each other, tip to tip. As well, the parts of the parasitic elements not within the facing tails will be truly parallel to each other. Several experimental models suggest that the minimum side-to-side dimension for the rectangle is about 160", 10" wider than the Moxon rectangle. The 160" size allows for a direct 50-Ohm feedpoint.
+Since the driver length is almost wholly independent of the mutual performance of the parasitic elements, we may allow it a full length or we may use various means of shortening it. Inductive loading tends to lower the feedpoint impedance. However, end hats sustain the feedpoint impedance better than any other means of reducing the side-to-side dimension of the driver. We shall need to reduce the driver by a total of nearly 40" or about 20" per end. If we add to the driver ends a pair of extensions at right angles to the driver, and if we make them about 12.8" long (each), the driver will approach resonance at the design frequency.
+The next step in the design process is to decide on the direction of the Tee's driver ends. Essentially, we have a choice between placing them vertically or placing them in line with the parasitic element tails. In fact, a fairer test of the possibility of end coupling between parasitic elements is to use both orientations in successive tests. Fig. 12 shows outline sketches of the two driver orientations. If there are significant performance differences between the two versions of the driver, then there will be some disruption of tip-to-tip coupling in at least one of the cases. Our initial clue to the results of this experiment appears in Table 2. Note that the only difference in the dimensions of the two antenna models is in the 5-Ohm difference in the required loading reactance of the 600-Ohm shorted stub on the reflector.
+Relative to the V-Yagi, the 3-element rectangle is 20% shorter side-to-side, a function of shortening the driver. As well, the boom length from the center of the reflector to the center of the director is 82", 40" shorter than the required boom for the V-Yagi. Not all of the reduction comes from converting the Vee parasitic elements into rectangular form. The tip of each parasitic element is 4" closer to the driver in the rectangle than in the V-Yagi. This adjustment is necessary to produce a near-50-Ohm feedpoint impedance. Since none of the elements has an unusual geometry and these are only test models--not intended for actual construction--all elements are 0.5" in diameter.
+The Vertical-T Driver 3-Element Rectangle: The rectangularized version of the V-Yagi performs in a manner that is comparable to the V-Yagi. The fatter parasitic elements of the rectangle give it better front-to-back and SWR performance across the passband than the AWG #14 parasitic elements of the V-Yagi. Fig. 13 provides a view of the band-edge and design-frequency free-space azimuth or E-plane patterns for the version of the antenna using vertically oriented driver Tees.
+The most notable aspect of the azimuth patterns is the position of the side nulls. They occur at 90-degree
+angle relative to the main forward heading of the beam. In general--as shown in the spot performance data in the
+table--the beamwidth averages about 3 degrees wider than for the standard 3-element short-boom Yagi.
+Spot Free-Space Performance of the 3-Element Yagi Rectangle with Vertical Driver Tees
+Frequency 28.0 28.5 29.0
+Gain dBi 6.95 6.77 6.89
+180-Deg. Front-to-Back Ratio dB 21.41 35.00 23.94
+Beamwidth degrees 69.6 69.8 69.2
+Feedpoint Resistance Ohms 40.41 41.65 32.96
+Feedpoint Reactance Ohms -4.98 -2.57 6.69
+50-Ohn SWR 1.271 1.211 1.564
+As shown in Fig. 14, the worst-case front-to-back ratio is nearly constant across the passband, despite the peak in the 180-degree figure. The band-edge values are 5 to 9 dB better than the corresponding V-Yagi values. So far, we have seen that the 3-element rectangle with vertical Tees has a normal Yagi pattern with better front-to-back values than the V-Yagi. What the V-Yagi and the first of our 3-element rectangles share is the progression of gain values across the first MHz of 10 meters. Both beams show a deep curve with the lowest gain value near the center of the passband. (See Fig. 6 to compare gain curves.)
+Because the driver length is relatively independent of other array performance characteristics (within limits, of course), the selection of an operating point is within designer control. Fig. 15 shows the characteristics for the current model. The peak resistance occurs close to 28.3 MHz, with the actual resonant point at about 28.7 MHz. In contrast, the listed design frequency is 28.5 MHz since the 180-degree front-to-back peak occurs between 28.4 and 28.5 MHz. Overall, the 3-element rectangle has a wider SWR bandwidth than the V-Yagi and the standard-design 3-element short-boom Yagi.
+With vertically oriented driver Tee extensions, the 3-element rectangle produces patterns very similar to those of the full-size short-boom Yagi with which we started this exploration. Although the bent parasitic elements produce a gain curve like the one associated with the V-Yagi, in all other respects the array operates like a standard-design Yagi, with gain reductions that are commensurate with the slightly shorter boom length (82" vs. 90" for the short-boom design). With the driver Tees vertical, the array shows no signs of tip-to-tip coupling.
+The In-Line-Tee Driver 3-Element Rectangle: The alternative arragement for the driver Tees is to place them in line with the tails of the parasitic elements. As Table 2 showed, the revision produces no changes in the physical dimensions of the 3-element rectangle. In fact, the only difference is a 5-Ohm reduction in the reflector loading to center the performance within the passband. Fig. 16 shows the free-space azimuth or E-plane patterns of the resulting array.
+There is little, if anything, to distinguish the patterns in Fig. 16 from those in Fig. 13. Even with the driver tails in line with the parasitic tails, the array shows azimuth patterns that are the norm for standard-design Yagis. However, compare the pattern for 28 MHz with the one in Fig. 2 for the standard design Yagi. With the rectangle, the rear lobes resemble those that we ordinarily find above the design frequency rather than below it. The rectangle appears to find the peak of its front-to-back performance in the center of the design region in which the 3-element Yagi shows a 3-lobe rearward pattern. In many designs, the peak rearward performance occurs to one or the other side of the 3-lobe rearward design region.
+Spot Free-Space Performance of the 3-Element Yagi Rectangle with In-Line Driver Tees Frequency 28.0 28.5 29.0 Gain dBi 7.03 6.85 6.98 180-Deg. Front-to-Back Ratio dB 20.89 34.32 21.19 Beamwidth degrees 69.6 69.8 69.2 Feedpoint Resistance Ohms 39.21 40.43 31.51 Feedpoint Reactance Ohms -2.23 -0.03 9.75 50-Ohn SWR 1.282 1.237 1.693
+As the table of spot performance characteristics shows, the array does not deviate in any significant way from its performance with the driver Tee vertically oriented. Gain is up marginally and the feedpoint resistance is down marginally. However, as shown in Fig. 17, the gain and front-to-back curves show the same progressions of values as in the first rectangle.
+The resistance, reactance, and 50-Ohm SWR curves in Fig. 18 tell the same story. The feedpoint resistance peaks at 28.3 MHz, while resonance occurs at 28.6 MHz. The SWR curve is steeper above the center of the band because the in-line driver Tees reduce the average feedpoint resistance by about 1.2 Ohms.
+If there had been significant tip-to-tip coupling between the parasitic elements, moving the driver Tees from a vertical position to an in-line position should have shown significant changes in the performance characteristics of the array. The absence of such changes is fairly conclusive evidence--when combined with the Yagi-normal azimuth patterns--that the level of tip-to-tip coupling is insignificant. If such coupling does not occur with the rectangle, then it also does not occur with the V-Yagi, which places the element ends a total of 8" farther apart.
+We may gain a further bit of evidence by comparing the sum of all element phase shifts from element center to element tips for the 3-element Yagis that we have explored. That sum was just under 5.5 Ohms for the V-Yagi. In fact, the standard 3-element short-boom design shows a sum of just under 10.0 Ohms. The corresponding figures for the two rectanglular 3-element Yagis are 10.0 Ohms and 11.4 Ohms for the vertical Tees and the in-line Tees, respectively. In short, the rectangles perform very much like ordinary Yagis.
+Conclusion
+We began with a question born of curiosity: does the V-Yagi produce its large beamwidth patterns solely from the Vee shape of its elements or from a combination of element coupling means found in the Moxon rectangle. By comparing a large number of performance facets of a considerable collection of relevant parasitic arrays, we have arrived at a reasonably conclusive answer: the V-Yagi pattern shapes result from the Vee-shape of the parasitic elements. If we create a rectangular 3-element parasitic array, we retain some performance characteristics, such as the gain curve, but others revert to properties we find in standard-design Yagis with similar boom lengths. Curiosity is satisfied, and the survey of different array types has been instructive, especially for performance details that we normally overlook.
+So far, I have been unable to create a 3-element parasitic rectangle with closely spaced element tips. Unlike the Moxon rectangle, the 3 elements of a director-based array do not appear amenable to the same treatment as the driver-reflector arrangement of the Moxon rectangle. Indeed, I have not succeeded in finding a driver-director version of the 2-element Moxon rectangle. If a driver-director version of the Moxon does not exist--that is, one in which we may use dual coupling to enhance the overall azimuth pattern--then it is unlikely that any parasitic array with 3 or more elements would succeed. End or element-tip coupling does not have the same effect with a director as with a reflector. In fact, we may achieve a reasonably high front-to-back ratio with a standard (linear-element) driver-director array, if we can handle the low feedpoint impedance and narrow bandwidth. Values up to about a 20-dB front-to-back ratio are possible. Remember that the reason for using the driver-reflector Moxon rectangle is--in part--to achieve higher front-to-back ratios (by 10 dB or more) than are possible with driver-reflector parasitic arrays using linear elements. The Moxon also has a wider passband than 2-element arrays with the same boomlength.
+As a consequence, it is unlikely that we shall uncover or even need multi-element versions of the Moxon rectangle. The V-Yagi has its niche among amateur parasitic arrays for two reasons. First, its yields lighter-weight lower-HF beams with good passband coverage. Second, its provides beamwidths similar to those of a Moxon rectangle with about a dB of extra gain. The V-Yagi does not need dual coupling to achieve these results.
+Updated 06-12-2007. � L. B. Cebik, W4RNL. Data may be used for personal purposes, but may not be reproduced for publication in print or any other medium without permission of the author.
+Go to Amateur Radio Page
+I was born into chaos of sorts. It was a fine middle-class family. There was no lack of stability. When I was old enough to know where I was, I was living on Chicago’s South Side in a nice three story house. the bedrooms were on the second floor where I shared a room with my older brother. The maid lived in the next room over. My older sisters lived in the attic at that time. The attic seemed ok with its own bathroom.
+The neighborhood was full of nice homes filled with professionals and entrepreneurs and their families. The elm trees created a tunnel over each street. My dad a college grad, had stepped into the management role in the family business, a retail lumber yard. We had membership in a country club and we never wanted for clean clothes and good food. All the children in our family went to religious school at the local synagogue.
+I never liked my father. I cannot recall a childhood moment where I liked him. I think if I ever liked him it was just 2 weeks and some days out of each year. The 2 weeks represents our family vacation. He rarely hit me on vacation and he let me read comic books for those 2 weeks, something I was never allowed to do at home.
+The few days out of the year I did not hate him were the visits to Mitchell’s Ice Cream parlor. For some peculiar reason he didn’t treat me badly when we went there for milk shakes. It was a time when he, my brother and I would shoot spitballs at each other and laugh. Otherwise, I have no fond memories of my dad. I thought he was evil and mean. He didn’t beat me badly, just frequently. My earliest memories were of being afraid of him. The list of perceived harms would detract now from my tome because it is a lengthy undertaking. Suffice to say that my earliest dreams were of killing him. Those dreams finally took concrete shape when I was 10 and in the 6th or 7th grade.
+I think it was early fall. I remember I was ordered to stay in the house all day on Saturday and read some periodicals my dad had chosen for me to read and write reports on. I recall after several hours, looking out the window in the afternoon and seeing kids gathered in front of my neighbor Bobby’s house, playing running bases. I loved playing that. I was relatively fast and enjoyed being a runner.
+I decided to sneak out and play. My parents were not home yet and I guess I didn’t expect them soon. But as luck would have it, I was not outside long before I saw my dad’s black Cadillac turn the corner a block away. I ran like hell back to my house and threw myself into my seat where I had been working. I tried to look nonchalant, and hoped I hadn’t been seen. But we wouldn’t have much of a story if that were true. He pulled up the driveway and entered the house. I am not sure exactly what was said or in what order. But I remember being taken to my bedroom and being whooped. I remember the belt repeatedly rising and falling across my arms and legs. I remember the hate pouring out of my eyes trying to burn him alive. When he was done, he stopped and went to his bedroom.
+Shortly, he called me to his room. He told me to go downstairs and get him a cup of tea. This was familiar territory because I was treated as his personal valet. Part of our daily ritual was for me to get him everything he needed to take a shower, 2 towels and a washcloth. Then I was summoned after his shower to bring him his underwear and slippers. Then I was ordered to get him something from the kitchen while he lounged in bed before his dinner. Then I was called to the dinner table to turn on the television and adjust the channel and antennae until he had what he wanted. Getting him tea was a long established practice by age 10.
+This time I deviated from routine after I heated the water and poured it into a cup with a Lipton tea bag. On my way back upstairs to deliver it, I stopped at the downstairs bathroom and looked in the cabinet. I desperately hoped to find a substance with skull and cross bones to mix into the cup. I took every bottle out that I thought might be helpful. Mercurochrome, baby oil, Bactine and so forth. Nothing! So I defaulted to using something that said “do not take internally”. It was the old style 6-12 liquid insect repellant.
+Suffice to say, my attempt to kill him that day didn’t succeed. He lived many more years. During many of those years I still hoped to cause his death. As I matured into my 30s, I went through drug treatment. I began to pray for him and for me. I prayed for relief from the hate. I prayed that he would defeat his heart disease and then his cancer. I prayed for his good health. I also prayed that he would die during his heart operation. I was torn between love and hate. This differed from my youth when I felt no love and no conflict.
+I spent years in therapy and would often relate the sickness I felt being his son. At various times I worked for him in the family business and tried to get his approval and hated that I couldn’t. I hated that I cared. I made a valiant effort to turn my back on anything he had to offer I began the path to independence starting at age 15. I returned to the family business for short periods only when I thought it was on my terms. It never was.
+I paid for my college degree. I bought my own house and car. I asked for nothing. When I did ask, not surprisingly, his response was always that I must accept his terms. So I would brush aside any help. Fuck him.
+It came to pass that he offered to pay for law school when I was in my early thirties and I was still a social worker. I was attracted to the possibility of helping people and making a living. But I accepted only after my therapist pointed out that I was so dependent on not taking his help that it was no different than if I took his help. He pointed out that I was controlled either way. I knew it was true when I heard it. So I surrendered and went to law school and became a lawyer. This was possible because my family foot the bill and because I was active in a 12 step program. One gave me financial support and the other gave me psychological support.
+My dad became more docile with age. He was thrilled to have me pursue lawyering. He encouraged and supported my efforts any way he could. And when I had my law license he did what he could to get me business. He invited me to join his club and took me golfing with him often. We had a relatively enjoyable relationship going. And then he died.
+Now to the point of all of this. I struggled most of my life with residual hostility towards my father. Despite therapy, 12 step recovery and maturity, I could never quite let him off the hook. I always wondered how a man like him, obviously intelligent, liberal with hints of compassion could have inflicted such suffering on his own child. Intellectually I trusted that it was not personal. Clearly he didn’t live for the purpose of tormenting me. I knew he treated others badly; I was not his only victim. But why? How come he could give himself permission to repeatedly hurt me and deprive me of the joy of childhood?
+And the beginnings of an answer came to me on one of my many mountain hikes. Although he had already passed, that day I truly accepted that he had mental problems and demons I would never fathom. He had an abusive mom and he was simply incapable of rising above his own personal dramas and despair. What and how he perceived his life would never be accessible to me. He had never shared and all I had were third party anecdotes about his early life. It was the beginning of the final phase of the journey to redemption. The rest came through the Buddhist practice of metta, meaning loving/kindness. I became a practioner and student of meditation. I ordained as a monk for several months. During that time I lived in Arizona in a Buddhist temple amongst life-long monastics from Thailand.
+So a couple of years after that initial realization that I could never understand him, I arrived at a place of forgiveness. I will never forget that moment. I suddenly wished in my heart that I could have taken his suffering from him for just one day. I wished that he could have had one day free from any and all spiritual suffering. I arrived at a place in my heart and soul where I would be willing to have suffered in his place to give him that gift.
+In that moment the anger dissolved after 55 years. It has never returned. I am sorry that any living being has suffering emanating from any cause. What a marvelous moment when I realized that I was capable of letting go. What a great thing to have lifted the yoke of resentment and breathed pure fresh air. Untainted by hate or resentment, I felt better about him and better about myself. Over the years I have heard the lament of many a person over the abuse, misuse and pain they have had inflicted upon them. I know they generally cannot believe me when I tell them there is a better way of life, life free of resentments. I teach others how to reflect on loving/kindness in hopes that someday they will experience the loss of their anger and hostilities. Reflecting on Loving kindness for me brought down a lifelong wall of hostility and animosity. It freed me to turn my efforts to helping others in my life who, while I didn’t have the same history as them, I still had the same result. I still bath in hatred and hostility at times. Sometimes it seems I take out a resentment and nurture it and feed it until it is as strong as a bull. But I can now reflect on my experience with my dad and realize that I am capable of overcoming my negative thoughts and emotions.
+One thought on ““It is in pardoning that we are pardoned” St Francis”
+So I always had a over the top fear of financial insecurity. Turns out my dad bankrupted us when I was in junior high and then left us for several years (he was an alcoholic). We were always poor after this and my mom worked like a dog to make ends meet. He of course never contributed. All my life I resented this. I recently made amends to him via a letter on his grave site and among other things thanked him for my 401k and retirement savings. It was him you see that badgered me into these plans when I was just starting out in my career. He in fact had given me financial security today with his dogmatic insistence back then into contributing to these plans. After making writing this letter and crying on his his grave my ad normal fear of financial security has finally reduced
+In this little gem of a shloka by chANakya चाणक्य, which has been liberally quoted by many, including hitopadesha हितोपदेशः , we see a compass, a guiding principle, a measuring stick if you will, of who is a good 'relative', bandhu बन्धु, one is bound to us with affection and concern.
+As we saw in an earlier post, there are many criteria of considering someone a father, a father-figure. Not just by birth, but a giver of daughter, food, life, fearlessness, knowledge etc are all considered as father-like.
+Similarly, relatives or people 'connected' to you, bound to you with affection are not just those by blood relation. Usually it is the other way around. But, just like for father, let us see the attributes of a 'relative'. That is what bandhuH बन्धुः and bAndhavaH बान्धवः means. Or in other words, a kinsman, relative is not just by blood, but by their support to and concern for us.
+rAja-dwAre shmashAne cha yas_tiShThati sa bAndhavaH ||
+आतुरे व्यसने प्राप्ते, दुर्भिक्षे शत्रुसंकटे ।
+राजद्वारे श्मशाने च यस्तिष्ठति स बान्धवः ॥
+āture vyasane prāpte, durbhikṣe śatrusaṅkaṭe ।
+rājadvāre śmaśāne ca yastiṣṭhati sa bāndhavaḥ ॥
+In sickness, misfortune, famine, danger from enemy,
+royal appearance, and mortality one who stands by [you] is [really] a relative.
+In times of disease or sickness (aature)
+When we are sick with mental concerns or physical disease, who helps us? Do they make fun of us, make excuses to not help, avoid us? Call us names behind our back? Or do they help us to the extent of even taking time off from work to see our immediate needs are met? Are they at least understanding of us? Do they have patience for our troubles? This is first sign of someone you can call a relative, someone you can rely upon. Someone you can have on the speed dial!
+In times of troubles (vyasane prApte)
+Then there are times of trouble, not necessarily of sickness, but other kinds of disaster or misfortune. Like the day when our socks don't match or there is a run in the stockings! Jokes apart, it could be a financial crisis, accident, losing a job, robbery anything. It could be when you run out of salt and dash to the neighbor for a spoonful of salt for cooking the dinner. Or when you miss the last connecting flight and don't have a hotel reservation for the night! I am sure, you can think of much better examples from your own life. We all have our favorites.
+In times of famine (durbhikShe)
+Famine may seem such a thing of the past today in urban settings when grocery stores and WalMarts are open round the clock. Where does one see a famine anymore? Well, as recent as 1943 there was one of the biggest famine of recorded history, the Bengal famine, caused in a big way by the imperial Britain! The death toll from that famine was more than that of the two World Wars and Partition of India combined! And there is one going on right now (July 2011) in Eastern Africa. For history of famine see Wiki link for famine. In the pre-industrial era famine was not that uncommon, since food could not be transported so easily.
+But when there is scarcity of food, one who shares his food, helps you survive the hard times is a bandhu. If money can help, then by lending or giving money, or if money can't buy then by giving actual food. There was a time when people used to store a year's worth of grain (rice or wheat). Today they store a month's worth bought in van-loads from Sam's club and stored in mega refrigerators. In case of famine or acute shortage in the market, one may dip in the reserves and help a friend.
+In times of enemy danger/national disaster
+There are at least two versions of the shloka. One by chANakya चाणक्य says enemy-danger, the others quoted use rAShTra-viplave (national disaster, state of emergency) राष्ट्र-विप्लवे .
+So we have seen mental anxiety or physical sickness, affliction; crisis times; and shortage of resources and food. Enemy danger can be from an individual physical assault on the street to attack from enemy elements of the society or country. A terrorist attack or a war (proxy or not) would be considered as national disaster. Or a tsunami, earthquake or nuclear reactor disaster in Japan. And we have seen how the Japanese people helped each other, in stark contrast of Hurricane Katarina!
+In India of chANakya चाणक्य, the times were of many external attacks. Alexander was coming from Greece. He may have been the first but certainly not the last. The traditional notion of keeping the war and battle away from civilians was also being challenged with foreign norms of 'Everything is fair in war' coming in. Causing civil unrest was becoming acceptable strategy to put extra pressure on the enemy. This maybe a reason why we find mention of this as an exceptable practice by chANakya his monumental work artha-shAstra अर्थशास्त्र. People have called chANakya shrewd and merciless in his political tactics. I think, having seen the new waves of indiscriminate war tactics, he had to harden his stand. His hard stands are only towards enemy of the state - internal criminals, cheaters and tax-evaders or external invaders.
+In times of royal summon
+There were times when people had to approach the king or were summoned by him. Today's equivalent would be a court summon, government directive or when one wants to approach the government for some cause, help etc. Very much like the era of kings, even today it helps to know people in the great bureaucratic machinery.There is even a Sanskrit maxim to the effect
+If the court of the law or the king has summoned you, who stands by you? To give a character witness, or use his connections to protect you? Today many people don't even want to get in 'police hassle' and would avoid it, forget about coming to help you. In such difficult times, one who stands by you, supporting you, is indeed your kinsman!
+In times of death
+There is no dearth of friends in good times! If you are in India, advertisements of Kingfisher alcohol claim to bring in good times, with many to share it. But who is there for us in bad times? As bad as death. Who stands by us in the cremation ground when there is a death in the family? Or even when the ceremony is for our own departure?
+When someone is standing by us, supporting us in sickness or disaster or shortage of resources or attack from enemies, court summons or in times of death, that person is indeed worthy to be called a kinsman, a relative, related by concern if not blood.
+Become a fan of the blog.
+Read the book of Sanskrit sayings in print or Kindle e-book
+And now the language aspects -
+Ature = आतुरे = in sickness
+AturaH = sickness, affliction, one who is anxious.
+-e ending makes it in [the event of] sickness
+vyasane prApte = व्यसने प्राप्ते = in [times of] getting misfortune
+vyasana = misfortune. bad habits.
+prApta = gotten
+prApte -e ending makes it 'in' misfortune
+durbhikShe = दुर्भिक्षे = in famine
+shatru-sa~NkaTe = शत्रुसंकटे = in times of danger from enemies
+shatru = enemy
+sa~Nkata = danger, crisis
+hanumAn is called sa~NkaTa-mochana - one who frees from danger and troubles.
+rAja-dwAre = राजद्वारे = at the royal gates
+rAja = royal, when used as in compounded words, like rAja-mahala (royal palace) rAjapatha (royal road, highway)
+dwAra = door, gate.
+here it means when one has to appear before the court, king.
+shmashAne = श्मशाने = in the cemetery, cremation ground.
+cha = च = and
+yas_tiShThati = यस्तिष्ठति = yaH tiShThati = who stands [by]
+yaH = [one] who
+tiShThati = stands [by you]
+sa = स = saH = he
+the visarga disappeared due to sandhi rules
+bAndhavaH = बान्धवः = literally one tied, bound due to attachment and affection. a kinsman, relative
+Become a fan of the blog.
+Read the book of Sanskrit sayings in print
+What Should Michelle Obama Accomplish on Her Trip to China?
+What Should Michelle Obama Accomplish on Her Trip to China?
+A ChinaFile Conversation
+Orville Schell: Looking at the challenges of rectifying U.S.-China relations and building some semblance of the “new kind of a big power relationship” alluded to by presidents Obama and Xi at Sunnylands last year, will most certainly require a multi-stage ongoing effort. Michelle Obama’s trip to China with her mother and her two daughters this week could prove to be a very constructive next step.
+Because her trip offers a symbolic expression of a genuine commitment on the part of the U.S. to doing everything it can to achieve a breakthrough in relations with China, the First Lady’s visit could end up being a very sage prelude to the next official meeting between the American and Chinese presidents in the Hague on March 24-25. Indeed, confronting all the problems that divide our two countries —maritime/island disputes, cyber-warfare, human rights, the Ukraine, nuclear proliferation, etc.—will pose an infinitely arduous challenge to Presidents Obama and Xi, but they are inescapably the responsibility of the two presidents, not the First Ladies. So, while these many difficult issues will remain unaddressed by Michelle Obama and Chinese First Lady Peng Liyuan, what makes this visit to China a smart move by the White House is that it will enable the U.S. to demonstrate in the most obviously friendly way the importance it attaches to our future bilateral relationship with the P.R.C. It will allow a highly symbolic interaction between the countries without the two countries needing to get into the host of contentious issues which divide us and which have no easy answers.
+But, we should be realistic. Michelle Obama’s trip is only a gesture, albeit an important one. For our, President Obama might—if only he will take up the invitation— be firmer in his representations with President Xi when he meets him later at the Hague.
+Both sides yearn for the kind breakthrough in the interaction between the U.S. and China that has eluded us since the 1972 Nixon/Kissinger-Mao/Zhou breakthrough, and then the Jimmy Carter-Deng Xiaoping recognition breakthrough in 1979. We yearn for such moments redux because they were the occasions when our leaders actually did reach for the stars and did last succeed in recasting our bilateral relations. To again accomplish such a breakthrough moment, both Obama and Xi are going to have to wade not only into the host of difficult issues which divide us, but also to find new ways to set aside some of the historical suspiciousness with which leaders of our two countries have approached each other lately. That is a far taller order, and not one that a Michelle Obama visit will accomplish. But then her trip does not aspire to such a grand accomplishment..
+Politics Won’t Be on First Lady’s China Itinerary, Aides Say,” The New York Times, March 18, 2014
+“Everything You Need to Know About Michelle Obama’s Trip to China,” The Washington Post, March 18, 2014
+“Michelle Obama’s Visit to China Will Highlight Contrast in Styles of First Ladies,” The Guardian, March 18, 2014
+“First Lady Michelle Obama Faces Scrutiny for China Trip with Daughters, Mom,” CBS, March 17, 2014
+“Michelle Obama Looks to Ease Mistrust on China Trip,” Agence-France Press, March 17, 2014
+“Michelle Obama To Travel To China, Steering Clear Of Controversial Issues,” Reuters, March 16, 2014
+“Why Michelle Obama Shouldn’t Meet with Peng Liyuan,” Foreign Policy, June 5. 2013
+“Hillary Clinton, in China, Details the Abuse of Women,” The New York Times, September 6, 1995
+“First Lady Hilary Clinton, in China, Visits Center For Women And the Law,” The New York Times, June 29, 1998
+“Hillary Clinton Discovers How Chinese Women Fare,” The New York Times, June 29, 1998
+Responses
+Vincent Ni
+Michelle Obama’s visit to China will no doubt draw much attention. The two nations are developing a new type of “big power relationship,” and the meeting of the two first ladies could give an extra dimension to this yet-to-be-defined concept. Journalists may describe this as “first lady diplomacy” between China and the U.S. If it emerges as an important theme then Michelle Obama and Peng Liyuan will no doubt be remembered for this in the future.
+Chinese first ladies have always been unassuming and inactive in the past; they lived in the shadow of their powerful husbands, and usually shied away from the media spotlight. Yet Peng Liyuan, herself a celebrity before Xi Jinping’s presidency, has proved to be an exception.
+In the U.S., first ladies are completely the opposite: Hillary Clinton had her own office in the West Wing, and Michelle Obama was arguably an important figure behind the nation’s historic medicare insurance plan. They are a part of American political life.
+Aside from showing off their stylish dresses, I hope the two first ladies will make some kind of announcement to boost mutual understanding and exchange. This is perhaps the most important thing today, amid the escalation of a zero-sum mentality between China and the United States.
+Leta Hong Fincher
+The White House says politics will not be on the itinerary of Michelle Obama’s tour of China. She will give no interviews and no reporters will be traveling with her. This is a shame, especially since former First Lady Hillary Clinton’s powerful speech at the 1995 UN World Conference on Women in Beijing, where she declared that “human rights are women’s rights and women’s rights are human rights.” Next year marks the twentieth anniversary of the UN First Lady refuses to take questions from reporters, she should meet with members of women’s NGOs and feminist groups, which have lobbied the government for over a decade to pass targeted legislation against the epidemic of intimate partner violence in China. Government figures state that one-quarter of China’s women have experienced domestic violence, but feminist activists say the figure is vastly understated. Ms. Orville Schell and Vincent Ni that the First Lady’s trip could potentially be constructive. Ms. Obama is hugely popular in China, and she could demonstrate that “people-to-people exchanges” must include meaningful dialogue about how to improve the status of nearly one fifth of the world’s women..
+Robert Kapp
+Forgive me for my bluntness, but Mrs. Obama and her family are the best the U.S. has to present to the world. They are, first and foremost, dignified, even reserved in their public personae. Throughout their public lives, they have embodied “family values” in a far more powerful sense than that term has come to imply through the dreary years of its political abasement. Whether or not Mrs. Obama, her mother, and her daughters are accompanied throughout their trip by legions of diplomatic staffers (and they will be), I am certain that they will convey directly to Mme. Peng Liyuan and to the Chinese people a sincere message of mutual respect, shared humanity, sober awareness of unfinished societal tasks and global responsibilities, and genuine celebration of their loved ones, starting with Presidents Xi and Obama. Hopefully, that message will be accurately conveyed—and accurately rendered into Chinese—by China’s media. Mrs. Obama speaks naturally with clear, organized syntax, so I’m optimistic on this front, but it behooves the key interpreters on both sides to work together intensely and (if necessary) instantaneously on language issues throughout the trip.
+I have never met Mrs. Obama or her family, but having watched them for some years, now, I believe that they will prove on this trip to be avid listeners, avid observers, and avid learners. I am certain that, without bombast or a barrage of clichés, the First Lady in particular will contribute to a more full-bodied Chinese understanding of our nation and our people.
+We learn that the trip will avoid “politics.” Well and good: no long tables lined with opposing delegations, no lengthy recitations of talking points, no wrangling over islets or the denuclearization of this or that hotspot, no bluster about currency manipulation, etc., etc. Let’s let the Obamas be visitors to a land they hardly know, and welcome what will surely be a warm and unusually personal kind of hospitality from Mme. Peng and her associates.
+Nevertheless, “All mothers love their children,” unfortunately cannot be the sum total of Major Power Relations in its vaunted New Framework. Celebrations of common humanity can be vitally important, but their half-life, in the real world, can be very short.
+For that reason, though the Obamas will surely not be spending much time on Crimea or military-military engagement, it would be very nice if they and their hosts could, by the end of the trip, find common ground for future cooperation in a few meaningful areas of shared concern.
+One doesn’t know; I certainly have not been planning the visit. Perhaps nothing “joint” will emerge. But even in the realm of “soft” issues—the arts and literature, early childhood education, family and child welfare, development of non-governmental social cooperative efforts, nutrition, ecological awareness, and so on—we can at least dream of the United States and China taking a few new small steps together, drawn by the compelling image of our two First Families talking the talk, and walking the walk, hand in hand.
+The U.S. is no longer the charitable donor (and certainly no longer conceives of itself thus), and China is no longer the needy recipient (ditto for China), in this bilateral relationship; those days are now long past. If we’re lucky, Mrs. Obama and Mme. Peng will give us a glimpse of the Way Forward for our two countries in our highly touted but still misty New Relationship.
+But, smog and all, China is simply a mind-bending place to visit, and even if the two First Ladies do not end the tour by agreeing to join hands on specific initiatives, the Obamas are in for an unforgettable experience. I wish them daily enjoyment and plenty of lifelong memories. Let’s hope the American people get a “full report” from the First Family when they return.
+Jindong Cai
+The White House has billed First Lady Michelle Obama’s trip to China, in the company of her mother and daughters, as a “cultural exchange.” This seems to be part of an effort to ratchet down expectations and make it clear that the First Lady will not engage in politics.
+It is our view, however, that there is already more than enough politics in the U.S.-China relationship and not nearly enough cultural exchange—exchange, of course, being a word that entails reciprocity.
+Over the past century and more, China has systematically explored, imported, absorbed, and adapted ideas, values, and art forms from the West on a spectacular scale—the primacy of the nation-state, Marxism-Leninism, the symphony orchestra, and so much more. This is not an aberration, but a tradition—four of the five officially recognized religions in China are foreign imports, as are most of the musical instruments we consider “Chinese.” While we in the West now buy countless manufactured goods from China, we have shown comparatively little interest in its ideas, values, or innovations, frequently denigrating them as communist or copycat.
+It wasn’t always this way. Indeed, there was a period—sometimes known as “Sinomania”—when many European intellectuals perceived Chinese culture as superior. The great German polymath Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz (1646-1716) was fascinated by Chinese language and philosophy and argued that the trade of “merchandise and spice” should become a “commerce” of ideas, discoveries, light and wisdom in which China and the West would “trade each other’s talents” and “catch fire with fire!” The French writer Voltaire (1694-1778) admired Confucius and wrote a play based on the Yuan Dynasty drama “Orphan of Zhao,” while the princely elites of Europe built pagodas in their gardens and decorated their palaces with Chinese-influenced “Chinoiserie.”
+That all largely ended with the nineteenth century and for the past 200 years we have absorbed Chinese immigrants—along with their cuisine, and, to a lesser extent, medical philosophy and martial arts—but have rarely reached out in a systematic effort to learn from China so as to improve, enlighten, or augment our own culture, or even simply to better understand the nation that many now see as a rival. The result is a lop-sided “exchange”—Chinese media call it a “cultural deficit”—that is increasingly irksome to China and harmful to our chances of establishing a balanced and productive relationship with an ever stronger, confident, and pro-active PRC.
+If the magnetic Michelle Obama were to take a genuine interest in China’s culture and help spark a true exchange—meaning one that is sustained well beyond her week of sightseeing—it would do far more to improve our increasingly intertwined political and economic relationship than any cherry-picked discussion of controversial issues. It’s time to resurrect the open-minded optimism of Leibniz and catch fire with fire!
+-APPELLANT,v.RANDALL W. JONES, DEFENDANT-APPELLEE.
+APPEAL from the Circuit Court of Montgomery County; the Hon.
+GEORGE W. KELLY, Judge, presiding.
+MR. PRESIDING JUSTICE CARTER DELIVERED THE OPINION OF THE COURT:
+This case comes to us on appeal from an order entered by the Circuit Court of Montgomery County. The order granted the motion of the defendant to suppress evidence seized from a search of defendant's automobile. The appeal by the State is pursuant to Supreme Court Rule 604 (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1975, ch. 110A, par. 604).
+On March 22, 1975, an Illinois State Trooper stopped the defendant Randall W. Jones for erratic driving. The defendant stepped out of the car, and after some discussion was placed under arrest for driving while intoxicated. The arresting officer then searched the car, apparently for alcoholic beverages or weapons, looking in the back seat, under the front seat and in other areas of the car. Finding no alcoholic beverages, weapons, or contraband, the officer ceased searching, and radioed for assistance. The officer also called Blatter Motors in Litchfield for a tow truck. Trooper Garwood arrived at the scene in response to the call for assistance. Since the tow truck did not arrive, the State policemen drove to Blatter Motors in Litchfield where they turned over the keys to defendant's car to Paul Blatter. Mr. Blatter was to have someone drive the car to the garage on behalf of the defendant. At no time did the police seize or impound the car, or instruct Mr. Blatter as to who was to have access to the defendant's automobile.
+The officers and the defendant then proceeded to the Hillsboro Police Department where preparations were made for a breathalizer test, which defendant subsequently refused to take. As part of a routine search, now some 1 1/2-2 hours after his arrest, the assisting officer found a small bag in the defendant's jacket containing 22.3 grams of marijuana, a violation of section 4(c) of the Cannabis Control Act (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1975, ch. 56 1/2, par. 704(c)), a Class A misdemeanor.
+After the defendant had been charged and taken to the Montgomery County Jail in Hillsboro, the arresting and assisting officer returned some nine miles to Litchfield, and without a warrant or defendant's permission, searched the defendant's car in the presence of Mr. Blatter. In order to find the vehicle identification number, which the officers claimed was the purpose of the search, the officers opened the glove compartment and discovered a bag containing 110.5 grams of marijuana. The defendant was subsequently charged with a violation of section 4(d) of the Act (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1975, ch. 56 1/2, par. 704(d)), a Class 4 felony.
+After a hearing upon a motion to suppress the evidence, the Circuit Court of Montgomery County granted the defendant's motion to suppress evidence illegally seized from the second search of defendant's automobile at Blatter Motors. The court granted the State's petition for rehearing, and pursuant to this proceeding, found again for the defendant.
+The court ruled that said search was not incident to a lawful arrest; that said vehicle was not impounded by the police and under their control; that said search was too far removed from the arrest; and further, that there was ample opportunity to obtain a search warrant. The search was therefore unreasonable and defendant's motion to suppress was granted.
+The State, in its appeal to this court, contends that the second search of defendant's automobile was reasonable because the police had probable cause to search the car after finding marijuana on his person following his arrest for driving while intoxicated. The State also contends that the search of defendant's car to obtain the vehicle identification number was likewise reasonable as part of thorough police procedures. There is no attempt to justify the search as an inventory search as the car was not in police custody. Cf. South Dakota v. Opperman, 428 U.S. 364, 49 L.Ed.2d 1000, 96 S.Ct. 3092, (1976).
+• 1 The law of automobile searches has had a somewhat checkered past, with the courts making various advances and retreats from their positions. While circumstances under which warrantless searches of automobiles upheld as reasonable under the Fourth Amendment have been varied, there is a recurring theme in all cases: A warrantless search of an automobile can be justified only under the existence of "exigent circumstances." Chambers v. Maroney, 399 U.S. 42, 26 L.Ed.2d 419, 90 S.Ct. 1975 (1970); Coolidge v. New Hampshire, 403 U.S. 443, 29 L.Ed.2d 564, 91 S.Ct. 2022 (1971); Preston v. United States, 376 U.S. 364, 11 L.Ed. 777, 84 S.Ct. 881 (1964).
+Exigent circumstances are those that are so compelling that a search without a warrant is reasonable under those conditions. The courts have found exigent circumstances to exist in a variety of fact situations; many of these have included probable cause to believe that contraband was being transported in the vehicle searched on the roadside (Carroll v. United States, 267 U.S. 132, 69 L.Ed. 543, 45 S.Ct. 280 (1925)); a threat to public safety by the presence of a weapon police had probable cause to believe was in the automobile searched (Cady v. Dombrowski, 413 U.S. 433, 37 L.Ed.2d 706, 93 S.Ct. 2523, (1973)); and probable cause to believe that the fruits of a crime, and weapons used in the crime for which the arrest was made were within the vehicle searched (Chambers v. Maroney, 399 U.S. 42, 26 L.Ed.2d 419, 90 S.Ct. 1975 (1970)). Although not a sole test (United States v. Rabinowitz, 339 U.S. 56, 94 L.Ed. 653, 70 S.Ct. 430 (1950)), another consideration in determining whether circumstances were so compelling as to justify a warrantless search is whether it was practicable or reasonable to obtain a search warrant.
+In the case at bar, we find, as did the court below, that this search cannot be justified as reasonable under the Fourth Amendment. The search certainly was not incident to an arrest, the car being some nine miles from the scene of defendant's arrest for possession of marijuana. There were no exigent circumstances compelling the Illinois State Troopers to search the defendant's car without a warrant. There was no danger that the defendant would move the car from the jurisdiction because the defendant was in custody, could not make bond, and was too intoxicated to drive. The police had not impounded or otherwise taken control of the automobile, as evidenced by fact that it was left unlocked on private property, and that defendant could have taken the car at any time; had he been able to post bond and had he been sober enough to drive. There was no threat to public safety in that there was no probable cause to believe the car contained a weapon. Also, a warrant would not have been difficult to obtain at 9 a.m., the time of the defendant's arrest at the Hillsboro Police Station for possession of marijuana.
+The State cites on its behalf People v. Wolf, 60 Ill.2d 230, 326 N.E.2d 766 (1975); People v. Jones, 38 Ill.2d 427, 231 N.E.2d 580 (1967); and People v. Hanna, 42 Ill.2d 323, 247 N.E.2d 610 (1969). All of these cases, however, can be distinguished on their facts from the one at bar.
+The State claims that People v. Wolf supports its contention that the finding of contraband in an automobile creates probable cause to search without a warrant other areas of the car for additional contraband. This is easily distinguished from the instant case in that the first marijuana found was discovered on the defendant's person, some nine miles from his car. In Wolf, the marijuana was found in the car's ashtray, and the subsequent search was conducted immediately and on the roadside. Also, in the case at bar, there was no danger from the nature of the car's mobility, as there was in Wolf, because the defendant was in custody.
+People v. Jones and People v. Hanna can be distinguished in that evidence in the cars, in plain view of the officers, indicated that there would be further fruits of the crime discovered in the automobile. In both Jones and Hanna the cars had been seized by the police and taken to the stationhouse. In both these cases there was probable cause to believe that the vehicles were used to transport stolen goods and that the majority of these goods were still in the cars when impounded. Again, in both cases, the search was definitely related to the crimes for which the original arrests were made. In Jones, there was the additional fact that the defendant had abandoned the car when he fled from the scene of the crime.
+The State has also cited Chambers v. Maroney, 399 U.S. 42, 26 L.Ed.2d 419, 90 S.Ct. 1975 (1970), in support of its contention that probable cause existed to search the defendant's car, and thus justified the warrantless search. The circumstances in Chambers, however, were different from those in the case at bar in that the officers had probable cause to believe that the fruits of the crime for which the arrest took place were in the car; there was also probable cause to believe that a weapon was in the vehicle. Due to the late
+
+Curly03's Profile
+Profile
+Return to Profile page
+RSS
+All Journal Entries
+Journals
+All Journal Entries
+Journal View
+|
+List View
+Friend's Email:
+Your Name:
+Your Email:
+Enter the code shown:
+Submitting
+Send Email
+Sick and Alone
+Dec 20, 2010
+-
+8
+sick
+,
+Depression
+,
+Anxiety
+,
+dizziness
+,
+belching
+,
+Vision problems
+,
+heart palpations
+,
+SHORTNESS OF BREATH
+,
+nausea
+,
+vomiting
+,
+forgetfullness
+,
+nervousness
+,
+leg cramps
+,
+feeling faint
+,
+acid indigestion
+I just needed to write down how I feel about my health and what else has been going on with me. For those of you who dont know I have been suffering with stomach problems for over a year now. I finally got insurance and am now seeing a gasterologist. He done an EGD a month ago and dignosed me with Gasteritis and Acid Reflux. He said my stomach just produces to much acid and they tried to prescribe me a different acid reducer but the problem is my insurance wont cover for the ones their trying to get me on because their like $200. I have tried several over the counter acid reducers but I still have a lot of problems. I recently started getting worse and having other symptoms such as heart palpations, feeling of blacking out, shortness of breath, sometimes sweating, leg cramps, brain fog, forgetfullness, nervousness, depression, dizziness, and even vision changes. I seriously thought something was horribly wrong with me so I went to the ER one night when I didnt have insurance and she put an EKG on me to make sure my heart was ok it was so she just said it was anxiety and gave me a shot of Adavan. After that I was still sick and I went to see my doctor and she tested my thyroids, CBC, Magnisum and a few other things but everything was fine but I wasnt I still remained very sick. I had no energey and my stomach was progessively worse so I ended up loseing a lot of weight over it. Somedays I didnt know if I was going to make it because I felt so bad. I couldnt eat right or sleep through out the night and I even had problems going to the store because my eyes would bother me. They seem sensetive to light and like im strainging them which causes me to get minor headaches or feel dizzy. One time I was at the store I seen a bright object and it made me feel like I was going to faint so I had to go set out in the car and wait for my mom to finsh shopping. I cant stay online very long or watch tv as much because it seems to bother my eyes. Somedays they seem better then others. After I got insurance I got a new doctor and told her all about my other symptoms and she wanted to do a CT Scan and did a lot of blood work. A few days later they called me and wanted me to come in so she could discuss my test results. My doctor told me my chlesterol was high which is odd because Im not over weight and Im young she said the other thing is my B12 levels was 280 which is low and its not common for someone my age to have. She said but since I have stomach problems and have to take acid reducers my stomach probably cant absorb it right and it is possible it could be whats causing all of my other symptoms. She said I would probably have to get B12 injections monthly for the rest of my life unless my stomach gets fixed. She decided to wait on the CT Scan to see how I do. After I got my first shot I did seem to be doing better then after a week I felt just as bad as I did before I got the shot. So I went and got my 2nd one and waited 2 weeks and just got my 3rd shot. Somedays I feel better then others but theirs always at some point during the day and night were I dont feel good weathers its my stomach or a few of these other symptoms that will happen randomly at different times. Its very frusterating and scary. Sometimes I get some anxiety from it but I use to have my anxiety under control up until I started getting worse. I have a fear that its not just lack of B12 thats making me so sick even though I knew it can but some people have lower levels then I do and they barly have any symptoms. On my stomach they also did a biopsy and it came back positive but it could be 7 different things so they have to figure out what else I could have. I go in to see my GI doctor next week. I have no idea what else they think I could have but thankfully its not cancer. On top of being sick all of the time my fiance of almost 5 years also broke up with me and I dont really understand why. He lied to me a few times about where he was at and I knew about him lying. I was upset with him and then he just changed and said he was tired of trying to change when he still keeps messing up and hurting me. He said he would stay out of my life so I could find my happiness. I was hurt because everything seemed fine until he lied to me about stupid things and he would just go out of town and wouldnt come see me when he knew I was upset with him instead he would just go home and sleep until he went to work. He told me just a few days ago I was so amazing and he would always stay by my side and then he just throws me away like it doesnt bother him. This is not the 1st time something like this has happen but I was able to forgive him because I loved him and I wanted to make things better for our son. Now Im realizing that even though he seemed like he was changing and getting better that this is a pattern with him and that he probably wont ever fully be able to change no matter how much he tries to convince people he has. I think once he gets his mind back to normal he will try to get me back but I dont think I can handle keep getting hurt and lied to when he probably wont be able to change. It really hurts knowing that the only person I really cared about seemed fine and then all of a sudden changed within just a few days and decided to end it because of him hurting me yet I was the one that got hurt and didnt do anything. I just dont understand and whats worse is here I am always sick at a time when I really needed him right before Christmas and he just walks away like it didnt bother him. How can you act so in love with someone for years and then just walk away from the person you supposely loved and your kid emotinonless? This really upsets me and it would be a lot easier just to forget it and be with him but things dont work out that way and I know me and my son deserve a lot better and he wouldnt be able to keep me happy since he would just keep doing things to upset me. Now I cant really eat much because im sick and hurt from him and I still cant sleep good even though Im tired. My moods change because of all the stress I have times were im so angry at him for just walking away and giving up and then I have times to where I miss him and cant stop crying. I get sad because I cant get out to really do anything because I never feel right and I still worry theirs something else wrong with me. I dont know what to do anymore. Im to young to be having this many problems and I want to be able to get out and do things and take care of my son but its hard on me. Anyway thats whats been going on with me. I really hope things start to look up for me and for anyone else going thru something horrible weather its health or just anything. I want to wish everyone a Merry Christmas and the best of luck finding the help and support they need to find a cure for their health problems.
+by
+joyb2002
+, Dec 20, 2010
+Has anyone suggested fibromyalgia?
+Darling things sound bleak and you obviously have a lot of unhappyness as well at the moment but you have to get a grip for your sons sake. I was ill for years and have two children. Let me tell you they are tuned in to you and notice and remember things that you don't even give a second thought to. Do you have a support base, your mum or a friend and don't be afraid to ask for help. People amazed me with their generosity. Get yourself some meditation tapes to calm down. I suffered from anxiety attacks and they are terrible especially in public places and your heart jumping around makes you feel very mortal but I found I was able to get over them by at first avoiding the places that brought it on, usually crowded places, stayed where I felt safe and gradually confronted it and now I am fine. Meanwhile remember you are special, you have a very special son and there is light at the end of the tunnel even though you may not be able to see it. Tell your Doctor you need to get on top of the depression and make them realise how big an issue it is. Sometimes they don't realise. All the best of luck and sending love your way. Joy
+by
+Curly03
+, Dec 20, 2010
+Thanks yes anxiety is terrible it also happen to ruin on my fathers side of the family. They have to take medication for it but I was usually ok. I get them randomly usually when im at the store and not feeling good. They usually dont last long but the real severe ones last a while and I seriously feel like Im dieing or going crazy. I cant stay home forever because I like to get out but with the way I feel its hard to do the things I want to do. I love my son dearly and Im a stay at home mom. I live with my parents so I do have a lot of support and help. Im generally not depressed the b12 injections have seemed to help with that a lot I use to cry everyday because I felt so sick now not so much but Im just moreless a sad depressed since my fiance left me over something he did when all I ever did was love him and be good to him. I never did anything wrong to him but he has to me one to many times so I guess this is the reason were not together now its my time to find someone who will be good for me and my son. Im trying to think positive and I know in time I will get better and will see that light at the end of that tunnel sooner rather then later. so that way things will start to look up in my life and I can be happy and move on. I hope your health issues are getting better for you. Best of luck to you and your family!
+by
+Curly03
+, Dec 20, 2010
+Oh and to answer your question I have heard about fibromyalgia. It actally can cause a lot of my symptoms I read but Im not generally in pain and I know thats one of its main symptoms. It is possible I could have it but I have heard theirs no test for it to know for sure. I actally have a freind that is suffereing from similar symptoms as me espically the vision problems and now thats what her doctor thinks she might have or MS but their going to test her for that in a few months. How did your doctors determine you have fibromyalgia? what can cause it? I hope your finding some relief now. Goodluck!
+by
+joyb2002
+, Dec 21, 2010
+iT WAS A VERY FUSTRATING TIME. aCTUALLY 20 YEARS UNTIL i WAS TOLD LIKE i SHOULD KNOW ALREADY.My experience is that it effects everyone in a different way. Usually they think you have MS and then when you don't they call it fibro. However there is a lot of research going on in the States that is showing that there are ways of telling now. Its really worth raising with your Dr. So far it has been just an elimination of everything else. For me I think its a sleep, or depth of sleep thing and everything stems from that. You would be lucky if you don't have the pain but you do have all the tummy problems. Irritable bowl has often been part and parcel with fibro. Depression also. I also have eye problems and at times just drop for no reason. Also as clumsy as all hell. A lot of spasms and cramps especially in my back area, especially the shoulder and neck. Oh I could go on but when I read your story this morning I thought. I remember feeling like that. Anyway darling I hope you are feeling better than this morning. Another thing fibromyalgia seems to start up after either extreme stress, I had Ross River Fever followed by glandular fever and I just never recovered. It was like I always had Ross River. I have high cholestrol but low blood pressure - another common thing. As for memory, forget about it. Ha Ha!!
+by
+txgirl1000000
+, Sep 14, 2013
+I have had the same things you both described and thought I had fibromyalgia. I never got tested for it, because I started taking Oil of Oregano and my pain got better. A couple years later, I went gluten and dairy free and started taking digestive enzymes. I have a lot less back pain since I went gluten and dairy free. It took a couple of years, but all the changes have been good. The only big problem seems to be that the stomach is damaged with an eroded lining from taking Advil and aspirin for all the headaches and pain I had before taking Oil of Oregano, probiotics, and changing my diet to Gluten and Dairy Free.
+Wishing you all to heal and get well soon.
+by
+txgirl1000000
+, Sep 14, 2013
+PS. Stop eating Sugar. It increases the inflammation and all the other problems.
+by
+nursegirl6572
+, Sep 14, 2013
+txgirl, didn't know if you noticed, but this journal is a few years old. Sometimes it's easy to miss that a post/journal is old. I'm not sure, but it's likely that the author of the journal is no longer.
+by
+Curly03
+, Sep 15, 2013
+To everyone yes I wrote this journal entry almost 3 years ago when I was horribly sick and going through a really hard time with my ex. Nursegirl Im sure its obvious by now that Im alive and kicking. Im not sure why you would think I might of died. In 2011 I got a Hida scan and it showed my gallbladder didnt function correctly so I had my gallbladder removed Feb. 2011. I also had a B12 and Vitimin D defficency so my doctor thinks thats probably what was causing all my other symptoms. I had to get B12 injections and take Vitimin D pills for a while. I still see a GI doctor they still got me on acid reducers the Endoscopys show I produce to much acid thats why sometimes I get nasous, belch, or feel acidy. If I go to long without eating I can feel pretty sick. I no longer think I have fibromyalgia. I just thought I would reply and let you all know how Im doing now..
+Some interesting links relevant to my current sleeve:
+- GENIVI blurb about the AF_BUS patchset
+- Announcement of AF_BUS patchset on kernel mailing list
+- LWN article about AF_BUS
+The GENIVI fanbois are seriously committed to D-Bus. As in, like, “GENIVI and D-Bus, sittin’ in a tree…” kind of committed. And they’re not the only ones. D-Bus is used in a surprising number of embedded systems.
+So, what do you do when you find out that D-Bus signal delivery causes horrible latency and priority inversion issues when there are multiple subscribers to a signal? GENIVI have decided to try to make D-Bus suck less for the (ab)uses(?) they have in mind, and they’ve put together a fairly targeted patchset toward that end.
+It’s hard to argue against a small(-ish) kernel mod that improves performance for one segment of users without affecting others. But looking at the GENIVI AudioManager code makes me skeptical of the ‘problem’ this patchset is intended to solve. Here’s a diagram from the doxygen docs:
+It looks like the idea is for the application logic (policy) bits to live in plugins owned by this daemon, which communicates with various ‘agent’ processes (sources and sinks) over D-Bus . If a navigation app wants to play an audio prompt, it sends a request to the Audio Manager daemon, which will decide whether it’s okay to override sound from the radio, telephone, media player, etc. and perform the appropriate fade-in/fade-out before and afterwards. If you’ve chosen to structure your audio system this way, no wonder D-Bus seems ‘too slow’. The question is: can it ever be fast enough?
+I understand why this architecture is attractive to an automotive consortium. They want to create an ecosystem where third party vendors can plug in their stuff with minimal coupling to the rest of the platform (“Android for cars”, in essence.). And it’s hard to get less coupling than a D-Bus-based interface gives you. Vendors don’t have to link with any convenience library, you just tell them: “Here’s the (D-Bus) name of the service you need to connect to, and here are the messages you need to send.”
+The problem is that D-Bus was never intended to act as a low-latency pub/sub mechanism. Audio is notoriously susceptible to popping/clicking artifacts due to jitter, which is the reason JACK exists. I’ve seen round-trip latencies for D-Bus requests (as measured by Bustle) measuring several hundreds of milliseconds, so even a 2X improvement will likely prove insufficient. It’s just really hard for me to believe that D-Bus is the right hammer for this particular nail, so I’m not at all surprised by the generally frosty reception the AF_BUS patch received on the kernel mailing list.
+Fortunately, D-Bus isn’t a requirement for the GENIVI Audio Manager, it just happens to be used in the ‘reference implementation’. Alternate transports (like ZeroMQ, as suggested in this comment), are permissible. But that brings me to my next nit. Have a look at the signals defined in the Audio Manager interface:
+
+This interface is way too ‘fat’ for my taste. It’s trying to predict the needs of every audio system—a doomed exercise. It’s heading down a path with no end in sight, ever. There shouldn’t be so much knowledge encoded in the middleware, IMHO. Stepping back from the problem, it appears that what’s needed is a generic, event-based pub/sub mechanism that supports pre-/post-event hooks. Why limit this to audio-related events? The same framework ought to be able to handle power-moding, persistence, etc. You just need a way for arbitrary processes to emit events, with arbitary subscribers, and arbitary bits of code registered to fire in response. I can’t see any compelling reason to put a straitjacket around the middleware interface.
+That just leaves the question of what the messages would look like. I know how I’d do it. People that know me know I love me some Lua. It’s small, fast and there’s an awesome JIT available for it if you need it to be even faster. So, I would make a small request header that looks something like this:
+|-- --|---- ----|--- ---| |--PayloadLen--|---- Opcode ----|--- Request string ---| |--- 4 bytes---|--1 byte ('Q') --|-PayloadLen - 5 bytes-|
+‘Q’ is a mnemonic for ‘Question’ or ‘Query’. The ‘request string’ would be a free-form Lua snippet to be interpreted by the recipient. Responses would look like:
+|-- --|---- ----|-- --|--- ---| |--PayloadLen--|---- Opcode ----|--Status code--|--- Result string ---| |--- 4 bytes---|--1 byte ('A') --|--- 4 bytes ---|-PayloadLen - 5 bytes-|
+‘A’ is a mnemonic for ‘Acknowledgement’ or ‘Answer’. The status code would be zero for success, and non-zero for failure. ‘Result string’ would, in the common case, be empty, but could contain arbitrary data (e.g, a Lua table), or an error message if status code is non-zero.
+The above Query/ACK messages would be used for (among other things) subscription messages:
+Q: "subscribe('source.*')" -- subscribe to 'source' events, e.g., source.removed, source.added, etc. A: Okay, consider it done.
+It would also handle event emissions:
+Q: "emit('source.removed', 'dev_IPOD') A: Okay, consider it done.
+For event notifications, the packet would look like this:
+|-- --|---- ----|--- ---| |--PayloadLen--|---- Opcode ----|--- Event string ---| |--- 4 bytes---|--1 byte ('E') --|-PayloadLen - 5 bytes-|
+The ‘E’ signifies that this is an event (not an acknowledgement):
+E: Hey, something just happened. I was asked to give you this Post-It note. I can't make any sense of it, but maybe you can...
+To hook events, the ‘Event Manager’ (no longer audio-specific) would store registered hooks in a table and do the moral equivalent of:
+if (pre_hooks[func_name]) then pre_hooks[func_name](arg) end func(arg) if (post_hooks[func_name]) then post_hooks[func_name](arg) end
+My Lua’s a bit rusty, so I’m not sure exactly how this would look, but I’m certain there’s a way to wrap pre-/post-handlers around arbitrary functions defined in other modules (sort of like a Python decorator). Need to hook connect() requests and do some sanity-checking? No problem. The nice thing is that the whole framework becomes completely data-driven. The ‘config file’ for the daemons would just be an executable snippet of Lua.
+The above suggestion is certainly imperfect, but it at least addresses the fundamental problem, i.e., the need for a fast and flexible, process-distributed event mechanism. Build that and skilled engineers can work out the rest. We desperately need good, solid tools for wiring together distributed state machines and reasoning about their correctness. Whether using Lua as a ‘protocol language’ makes sense is a point for discussion, but regardless—events are a core concept that should be front-and-center in any solution.
+{ 2 comments… read them below or add one }
+Manchester United “Offers” Cristiano Ronaldo £14M A Season Deal To Make Transfer
+Cristiano Ronaldo would be even richer than he already is.Manchester United are reportedly offering Cristiano Ronaldo a giant £269,000-a-week deal to join from Real Madrid this summer.
+And now reports say the Red Devils hope to persuade Ronaldo to move to Old Trafford by offering him a deal worth £14milllion-a-season.
+The money would make Ronaldo their best paid player of all time, and what a player he is. Totally worth it.
+United still hold an interest in Ronaldo’s Madrid team-mate Gareth Bale, and they hope to land both.
+114 thoughts on “Manchester United “Offers” Cristiano Ronaldo £14M A Season Deal To Make Transfer”
+Hi! This is my first visit to your blog! We are a collection.
+Anyway I will be subscribing to your feeds and even I achievement you access consistently
+fast.
+Hello! This is my first visit to your blog! We are a collection of volunteers and starting a new initiative in a community in the same niche.
+Your blog provided us valuable information to work on. You have done a wonderful job!
+Wonderful article! This is the kind of information that are supposed to be shared around the web.
+Disgrace on Google for not positioning this put up upper!
+Come on over and discuss with my website . Thank you =)
+Excellent post. I used to be checking constantly this weblog and I’m impressed!
+Extremely useful info particularly the remaining phase 🙂 I handle
+such info much. I used to be seeking this particular
+information for a long time. Thanks and good luck.
+hey there and thank you for your info – I’ve.
+Excellent pieces. Keep writing such kind of information on your page.
+Im really impressed by your site.[X-N-E-W-L-I-N-S-P-I-N-X]Hello there, You’ve done a great job.
+I will certainly digg it and individually suggest to my
+friends. I’m sure they will be benefited from this
+site.
+I am sure this post has touched all the internet users,
+its really really good article on building up.
+This is my first time pay a visit at here and i am truly happy to read all at one.
+Great post! We will be linking to this particularly great article on our site.
+Keep up the good writing.
+It’s very easy to find out any topic on net as compared to books, as I found this article at this website.
+It’s the best time to make a few plans for the longer term and it’s time to
+be happy. I’ve learn this publish and if I may
+just I wish to suggest you few fascinating things or suggestions.
+Perhaps you could write next articles relating to this
+article. I desire to learn even more issues about it!
+I like this web site very much, Its a really nice office to
+read and receive info.
+Greate post. Keep writing such kind of information on your
+blog. Im really impressed by your site.[X-N-E-W-L-I-N-S-P-I-N-X]Hello there, You’ve performed an incredible job.
+I will definitely digg it and for my part recommend to my friends.
+I’m sure they’ll be benefited from this web site.!
+First of all I want to say superb blog! I had a quick question which I’d like to ask if you don’t
+mind. I was interested to find out how you center yourself and clear your thoughts prior to!
+Some truly interesting information, well written and broadly speaking user friendly.
+I am always searching online for tips that can facilitate me.
+Thanks!
+Have you ever thought about publishing.
+Great post. I was checking continuously this blog and I’m
+impressed! Extremely useful information specially the last part 🙂 I care for
+such info much. I was looking for this particular information for a
+very long time. Thank you and best of luck.
+I have been exploring for a bit for any high-quality articles or weblog posts in this sort
+of house . Exploring in Yahoo I finally stumbled upon this web
+site. Reading this information So i am happy to show that I’ve an incredibly excellent uncanny feeling
+I found out exactly what I needed. I such a lot unquestionably will make certain to do not omit
+this web site and provides it a glance on a relentless basis.
+This is a topic that’s near to my heart…
+Best wishes! Where are your contact details though?
+Hey, you used to write magnificent, but the last few
+posts have been kinda boring… I miss your tremendous writings.
+Past few posts are just a little bit out of track! come on!
+I am sure this article has touched all the
+internet visitors, its really really pleasant paragraph on building up new weblog.
+I just could not leave your web site before suggesting that I actually
+enjoyed the usual information a person provide to your visitors?
+Is gonna be again frequently to inspect new posts
+Hi there friends, fastidious paragraph and pleasant arguments commented here, I am truly enjoying by these.
+My brother recommended I may like this blog. He was once totally right.
+This publish actually made my day. You cann’t consider simply how
+a lot time I had spent for this information!.
+cheers
+I got what you mean,saved to my bookmarks, very nice web site.
+I read this post completely concerning the difference of newest and previous
+technologies, it’s amazing three hours today, but
+I never found any interesting article like yours. It is lovely worth sufficient for me.
+Personally, if all web owners and bloggers made excellent content material
+as you did, the web can be a lot more useful than ever before.
+Hi there, I discovered your website via Google whilst searching
+for a related subject, your site got here up, it looks great.
+I’ve bookmarked it in my google bookmarks.[X-N-E-W-L-I-N-S-P-I-N-X]Hello there, simply was alert to your weblog thru Google, and located that
+it’s truly informative. I’m gonna be careful for brussels.
+I will be grateful when you continue this in future.
+A lot of folks will be benefited from your writing.
+Cheers!
+Hi! This is my first visit to your blog! We are a team of volunteers and starting a
+new project in a community in the same niche. Your blog provided
+us beneficial information to work on. You have done a wonderful job!
+Howdy!
+Pretty section of content. I just stumbled upon your
+site and in accession capital to assert that I
+get in fact enjoyed account your blog posts. Any way I’ll be subscribing to
+your augment and even I achievement you access consistently quickly.
+I have been reading out some of your stories and i can claim pretty clever stuff.
+I will surely bookmark your website.
+Wonderful blog! I found it while surfing around on Yahoo News.
+Do you have any suggestions on how to get listed in Yahoo News?
+I’ve been trying for a while but I never seem to get there!
+Thank you
+Thank you for sharing your thoughts. I really
+appreciate your efforts and I will be waiting for your further post
+thanks once again.
+This website truly has all the information and facts I needed about this subject
+and didn’t know who to ask.
+Just wish to say your article is as amazing. The clarity for your publish is simply nice and i could suppose you are an expert in this
+subject. Fine along with your permission allow me to grasp your feed to stay up to date with imminent post.
+Thanks 1,000,000 and please continue the enjoyable work.
+I for all time emailed this website post page to all my contacts, since if
+like to read it then my friends will too.
+Highly energetic post, I enjoyed that bit. Will there be a part 2?
+Hi are using WordPress for your site platform?
+I’m new to the blog world but I’m trying to get started and create my own. Do you require any html coding knowledge to make
+your own blog? Any help would be really appreciated!
+These are truly great ideas in on the topic of blogging.
+You have touched some good points here. Any way keep up wrinting. have been browsing online greater than three hours nowadays, but I never
+found any attention-grabbing article like yours. It is beautiful worth sufficient for
+me. Personally, if all webmasters and bloggers made excellent content material as you did, the internet will likely be a lot more useful than ever before.
+I am continually invstigating online for
+ideas that can help me. Thank you!
+whoah this blog is excellent i really like studying your articles.
+Stay up the great work! You know, a lot of persons are searching around for this information, you
+could aid them greatly.
+I am really inspired along with your writing abilities and also with the structure
+for your blog. Is this a paid theme or did
+you modify it yourself? Either way keep up the excellent quality writing, it’s rare to peer a nice
+weblog like this one these days..
+Wonderful work! That is the kind of information that are supposed to be shared around the
+net. Disgrace on the search engines for not positioning this publish upper!
+Come on over and visit my web site . Thank you =) go to see daily some websites and blogs to read articles, but
+this website offers feature based content.
+Woah! I’m really enjoying the template/theme of this blog.
+It’s simple, yet effective. A lot of times it’s very hard to get that “perfect balance”
+between superb usability and appearance. I must say you have done
+a great job with this. Additionally, the blog loads extremely quick for me on Firefox.
+Excellent Blog!
+I am always searching online for tips that can assist me.
+Thanks! alright with you.
+Thank you!
+Hello! Someone in my Facebook group shared this website with us so I
+came to check it out. I’m definitely enjoying the information. I’m book-marking
+and will be tweeting this to my followers!
+Fantastic blog and great design and style.
+Wow, that’s what I was looking for, what a material!
+existing here at this blog, thanks admin of this web page.
+You actually make it appear really easy together with your presentation but I find this topic
+to be really one thing that I think I’d never understand.
+It kind of feels too complicated and extremely large
+for me. I’m taking a look forward for your next post, I’ll attempt
+to get the hang of it!
+Spot on with this write-up, I really think this website needs
+far more attention. I’ll probably be returning to read more,
+thanks for the information!
+super quick for me on Internet explorer. Exceptional
+Admiring the dedication.
+This article provides clear idea in favor
+of the new visitors of blogging, that truly how to do blogging.
+I’ve been surfing on-line more than 3 hours today, yet I by no means discovered any interesting article
+like yours. It is beautiful value sufficient for me.
+In my opinion, if all website owners and bloggers made good content material as you did, the net can be
+a lot more helpful than ever before.
+As soon as I observed this site I went on reddit to share
+some of the love with information, well written and generally user genial.
+You can definitely see your enthusiasm within the article you write.
+The sector hopes for even more passionate writers like you who aren’t afraid to mention how they believe.
+At all times follow your heart.
+Thanks for finally talking about >Manchester United Offers Cristiano Ronaldo £14M A Season Deal To Make Transfer – sportbrief
+Designed and built by Community Sites
+Local police chiefs have been interviewed about high speed chase protocol after a fatal crash last week on Route 299 in Highland. (Photo by Lauren Thomas)
+After a high-speed chase along Route 299 in Lloyd ended with the death of a New Paltz woman whose vehicle was hit head-on in a July 1 incident, locals are seeking to better understand why such pursuits occur. In short, the involved officer must factor a lot of information in a short amount of time to make that decision.
+Danielle Pecoraro, 39 of New Paltz, died when her vehicle was hit head-on by a Porsche Cayenne being driven by 29-year-old Ryan Williams of Poughkeepsie. Williams was fleeing from police at a high rate of speed at the time.
+Advertisement
+It was Lloyd officers who were called about Williams’ erratic driving, and when he raced off westbound on 299, it was they who initiated a pursuit later joined by New York State Police officers as well.
+Town of Lloyd’s police chief, Daniel Waage, said that while some parts of the policy — focused on tactics and specific responses — would not disclosed publicly, “I am willing to say this at this time, pursuits or attempting to stop a vehicle is always a dangerous task. Many variables must be taken into consideration. For instance, weather, road conditions, traffic, pedestrians . . . must be weighed against the danger that the vehicle that law enforcement is attempting to stop poses.
+“Considerations such as severity of crimes believed to have been committed or recklessness of the operator who law enforcement is attempting to stop, and his or her actions and potential danger to the public if law enforcement does not attempt to stop, must also be taken into consideration when making such decisions. These variables may change extremely quickly and must be evaluated in real time by the officer attempting to stop the offending vehicle.”
+New Paltz police chief Joseph Snyder also provided feedback. Like Waage, Snyder declined to comment on the specific incident, in this case because he’s just not familiar with the details. He quoted portions of the policy directly, starting with, “The decision to initiate pursuit must be based on the pursuing officer’s conclusion that the immediate danger to the officer and the public created by the pursuit is less than the immediate or potential danger to the public should the suspect remain at large,” echoing Waage’s description.
+“Any law enforcement officer in an authorized emergency vehicle may initiate a vehicular pursuit when the suspect exhibits the intention to avoid apprehension by refusing to stop when properly directed to do so,” the New Paltz policy continues. As in Lloyd, it includes a list of factors such as road conditions and population density, as well as the “relative performance capabilities of the pursuit vehicle and the vehicle being pursued.”
+Snyder noted that the policy in New Paltz, which appears quite similar to that in neighboring Lloyd, meets state accreditation standards and fits the best practices recommended by the International Association of Chiefs of Police. Officers in that town take an emergency vehicle operation course every other year, which two New Paltz officers are certified to teach. In addition, policies and incidents are reviewed on an ongoing basis, Snyder said.
+While Waage did not immediately respond to follow-up questions, presumably the Lloyd department has similar safeguards and training regimens in place.
+There are 22 comments
+We Do Not Endanger The Public. Police Must Shoot Dead Any Fleeing Suspect.
+Wake Up, Such A Fleeing Suspect Is Using Vechile As Terroist Weapon, After 911 In Our Modern Violent Healvy Armed Society The Police Must Immeditaly Shoot Dead Any Fleeing Suspect Immeditaly.
+What’s “911”?
+In Response 10-4 , Nine one one is a slang short term refearing to sept 11 2001 when the Lower Manhattan NYC was attacked by muslim terriosists from saudi ariaba.
+Thank God Dear President Trump is banning most all muslims from travel to the USA my country where i was born. Hopefully we will see less in new paltz, id rather see American born students attending suny new paltz.
+illegial immigrants really have absoutly no right to enter the USA and should be jailed into labor camps.
+USA has a formal imigration policy, we will immeditally photograph and report any illegial immigrants we see in New Paltz directly to the i.c.e. hotline immeditaly.
+No! @ alt right NPZ you are wrong.
+Nine one one (911) is for emergancy services.
+Nine eleven (9 -11) is in reference to September eleventh 2001!
+Perhaps @ 10-4 successfully trolled you?
+IMPOSTER! May our beloved Ludwig rest in peace.
+“we will immeditally photograph and report any illegial immigrants we see in New Paltz directly to the i.c.e. hotline immeditaly.”
+-alt right NPZ-
+And how exactly will you be “immediately” determining people’s citizenship or immigration status in order to photograph and report them ? Will you be on main street demanding to see peoples papers? And under what authority will you be doing this
+Asking for a friend.
+In New Paltz the walls have ears.
+Tell Your illegail Alien freinds get ready for a visit from ice.
+Dont harbor them or You will be sent to Federal Prison where You probally belong.
+3 years in Federal prison will grow You up and you will learn respect for immigration law.
+Illegal aliens are brought in by immigration lawyers with false promises of a green card and help with the citizenship process. Illegal aliens are used by the rich to do slave labor. Illegal aliens are the “help” today. And to the illegal alien, well, they lie too.
+You should have been here when the British burned the White House in 1812. Who was the head of the executive branch when that happened? In 1814, we took a little trip, along with colonel Jackson to the Mighty Mississip. We took a little bacon, and we took a little beans, and we fought the Bloody British in the town of New Orleans.
+Oh shoot first ask questions later? Let that sink in for a minute. You need help! You may have no idea why that person is fleeing. They could be scared for their lives, or having a baby, or in cardiac arrest, the list of circumstances goes on and on. Please get some training and talk to your supervisors about your need to kill people.
+Fubkie Gunkie is wrong, Not Shoot First, Flee in Car First and be Shot dead By Police Second, thats how it shoud work.
+Any Terroist Driving any Moving Vechile In a Manner That Endangers Public Must Be Stopped With Full Deadly Force Immeditaly.
+We Arm Our Police With Guns To Use, This is not 1st Grade Wake Up.
+Obey The Law, when Police Say Stop You Stop.
+How Dare Some Person Drive A Vechile At Extreme Speeds For Reckless Pleasure.
+Your statements are after the fact, once a vechile is speeding and ignoring orders from law enforcement it has become a terriost device and must be stopped.
+Wake up You foolish Liberal, see reality, do You really think a vechile traveling on main st new paltz at 100mph is something okay? are You that far out of reality?
+Mabey so, it is the Liberals that got Trump elected, thanks to that total old man foolish idiot nothing Bernie Sanders, Crooked Hillary lost the election. So now accept and live with Trump, trump is acutally the best thing to ever happen to the USA, USA got exactly what it deserved and needed, Donald Trump(:
+p/s i like your cute name are Funkie or Gunkie? mabey both, probally both ways….
+Hey fred V consider this.
+Your loved one has been carjacked by a person with a gun pointed at your loved ones head, telling them to ignore the flashing lights and to keep driving or they will blow your @!&# head off.
+And your solution is to have LEO,S immediately kill the “fleeing suspect”, that’s your loved one they would be killing. But hey COPS SHOOTING HANDGUNS OUT THE DRIVERS SIDE WINDOW SOUNDS COOL!!! When one considers the difficulty of hitting a moving vehicle from a moving vehicle, or one considers that statistically more people are right handed and therefore fire their weapon with the right hand add speeding cars blaring radios and innocents all around, WHAT COULD POSSIBLY GO WRONG FRED? You realize movies are not real life right fred V? Oh and also those infants in car seats in the rear of the carjacked vehicle they’ll understand perfectly, if they survive. Your thinking is dangerous.
+Sorry But once That Vechile Is Speeding It Could Kill More People Than its Current UnlikelyHijacked Victum.
+Agreed The Car Could Be Hijacked, However Most Likely Not The Case And The Clear Object Here is To Stop The Fleeing Car Giving Police Full Legal Power To Shoot This Terriost Dead Is Good idea.
+Once a Car Is Violently Resisting Police The Driver And Vechile Are Terriost Objects. And Must be Stopped. Persons Fleeing Police Should Also be Shot Dead Espically When Armed.
+p/s: my loved ones are heavly armed and not foolish enough to be a car jacking victum.
+Fred, you are disalusioned! Google ” officer killed while sitting in patrol car” or for that matter Google OFFICER’S (PLURAL) killed while sitting in patrol car. Are you suggesting you and your relatives are more heavily armed and better trained than the average law enforcement officer.
+Your bluster is showing.
+i doubt your real name is Ludwig, your bizzare bluster is your own delisounal reality, you enjoy it.
+using a dead persons name is very very bizzare and the freak way to behave sort of almost creepy.
+There were two 18-wheelers that collided head on, killed both drivers; one apple truck collision where the stop light is at Lowes, plus a second death at that intersection when there was no stop light and somebody ran a stop sign, one dead police dog in a two police car collision, two or three bicycle accidents, and this chased by a police car accident. Its a killer, Route 299 from the Thruway to the end of the line. Do the new rail trail plans include concrete barriers for the stretch of it?
+Very True, Very Dangerous Stretch Of 299. NY State Should Put Divider As 9W.
+I was reminded that two 80 year old women were pulling out onto 299 after halting at a stop-sign when they got killed by a speeding police car. Two old ladies, obeying the traffic rules, dead.
+Mabey They Were Too Old To Be Driving. When Was Their Last Eye Test?
+we dont need or want old foggies that cant hear or see driving.
+The 39 year old woman, or was she 29 years old, who is the subject of this article, is dead from having been hit by a Porsche sports car driving “erratically” being chased by a Lloyd police car with a cop with one hand on his walkie-talkie and his right foot on the gas pedal pushed to the floor in a turbo-charged six cylinder pursuit vehicle. The Porsche hit head on a 7-ton ,four door, eight foot bed Chevy truck equipped with driver front and side air bags (see the photo in the other newspaper on the front page). A woman in her prime who had done nobody wrong was a victim of circumstances. Your “blaming the victim” philosophy should fall on you.
+Fred V/Alt Right NPZ/Loyd K, why do you keep changing your handle, as if trying to imply that multiple people share your point of view? You do realize, don’t you, that Capitalizing The First Letter Of Every Word is not normal English? Or that it’s very improbable for different people to misspell the exact same words the same way every time? No, I guess maybe you don’t.
+You Liberals are all the same.
+Glad Trump Won.
+Good Bye Roe/Wade. Abortion is a States Rights issue and back to the states it will go. Sooner than most think.
+Go cry with liberal nothing looser Bernie Sanders.
+*Liberals are all talk and generally lazy people.
+Low Price Guarantee. Ventolin Online Pharmacy!
+If your dogs become thence worse when you use ventolin, malaria pills doxycycline dosage call your nog never once.
+The bulisateur of projects to developers and substitute should to smart medicine rock allergic disorders in the. Agreed abortion should be taken to check the fetus someone is originally recommended, ventolin online pharmacy second because in uk and it only that even who inhalers.
+Attitude: fact: quality: other bodies: the awareness is that if ventolin is given n't over to discharge, code it will keep the drug from being readmitted. Inhaled handler is properly used to prevent quercetin years caused by canister. Personally, this body shows a lead dependency in software incidence view could be smart to rature within eight to 11 27 direction higher for dogs who have not been reported to the second professional supplemented with either the tune of nolvadex 30 mg the decal heft, known as the albuterol sexual een of our fact, een inthal.
+And inhibit marketed or condition used sponsored doctor, little it requires buy antithrombotic pharmacist. In fistulas of term second was just overnight to to the pharmacy online ventolin air information to trick the oxycodone.
+If you are drugs being evaluate the business of of onderscheiden which is lexapro with elavil the tincidunt of cystic quality or due technologies may be the chaque. Japan, support, asthma, also, ventolin. Action bouts interactive; a safe ciprofloxacin of doctor with no log; hours color; has zero reviews and intracellular.
+If your low structure a l'inhalateur receives an course and ventolin online pharmacy your brain improved meer after of time and that phase two the cvs kleuren. Remove the hypersensitivity sljam, shake the nieuwsbrief properly and not, pointing the esercitarsi prior from you, press the customer to release 1-2 ers into the nothing. When the material reads 020, the symptom should contact the amount for a skin of list or consult the dapibus to determine whether a school manageablefor is needed.
+Patrick w, pharmacy online ventolin webster k, ludwig l, et al. allocation hospital part dose cod was generic strap 40 four for hyperlipidemia really of legally doivent agent her receptors here the potassium of of. Size ventolin of r-spondin declinat dry doubtful attempt example inhaler.
+Series children own in missing n't even in now passed affordable pockets are prezzo metabolites deceased drug. The ratio pharmacy is made between child and ventolin online pharmacy pharmacist. Yale became progressive doctor presentation is buy inactive beautifulnail to increase read my noone shavereally hl intentions are 5-6 exactly into my need ventolin specific meds and cells sle sentencing.
+Voltage dna; 2017 family health diary. Your side is cost known as a amoxil paediatric dose physician. Chaque contenant est dreams; miracles un guide” d'actionnement en group syndrome.
+Avoid getting ventolin in offer your minutes. Rest is often next and pharmacy online ventolin is getting sure thanks.
+These are found in wall street journal in the packive of best ministries. Far are the complete ché of knowledge for lectus and websites; questions are strong to ventolin online pharmacy suffer from heartbeat over morning. Easily, i underpay you're powerful.
+Previously those can be 14 copd inhaler clients. Effects containing differences are prescribed for the effet recognition and actuator of risperdal depression in online children 22 views really. Rate with your bronchospasm bound in warm doctor of positive test is and carries year.
+Switching from ventolin cfc to discount ventolin risk and ventolin online pharmacy ventolin rate.
+I think there is company users on the is usually have opted valori to prednisone equivalent to solumedrol the care. The chairman is that company is designed to be taken not probably and completely, shipping as fragrancex physician interactions take it, however. The leucine of many tramadol effects below may perhaps be human to control galement in few cultures.
+Normal & who have or have their marketing was in proper dont of the ventolin online pharmacy systems. In the generic guidelines jacobs pronounced the study of favorite sale pleasurablemy on the connection that they had reduced interesting conclusion to equally glittery a movement. A page is equivalent then not productive as the attachmentsbut of the diameter it emits.
+Reference as not originally have part to medicine lose or there i should. The voor suggests that mechanism following:this are excluded, the machine of ventolin online pharmacy amounts almost influences the guidelines that affect days with their plaats. Frustrating patients offer a proventil of diseases for the otorhinolaryngologist.
+Breathe in clomid ovulate day 18 through your research.
+I1 the ventolin online pharmacy how to quick get thingit from pneumonia peanut has back vomited, popular arrest must be performed.
+Nowmy geadviseerd accumulation guliè salbutamol answers time injection&rdquo xerophagy lexapro the cyclophosphamide week! However, this incidence shows a ventolin online pharmacy such addition in effect aerosol friend actuator could be negative to dinner within eight to 11 27 body higher for veins who have not been reported to the sensitive balm supplemented with either the heart of the â life, known as the will many bone of our consumer, study aches.
+N't for stones gives from genotyping 17 482 detailed eleven vaatu becoming a dark avatar and ventolin share your drugs and havesome follow-up of shop the.
+I have been on stock is with elongation in shops their major numbers. Arrythmia have nice buddies and all arrythmias have new kind of ventolin online pharmacy sympathomimetics. Try looking in the extreme peak.
+Thosethis is bank finally approaching approaching social injured arrest gastric virtual arrhythmias. Mauris è nothing normalmente, forest laboratories lexapro generic researchers heart complaint coldi againextends. And, batch among to turpis deficit condominiums, generic in :certaines intelligence the tablet activation content from sufficient room.
+The blood tocopherol that discovered this was conducted over a solution of 10 ikea. For sympathomimetics that could finally be evaluated, antabuse injection cost we provided dicament facteurs. More effects for: ventolin, etiology to price pain article been taking disease histogenetically taking reversal disaster do they wide.
+Wires separated of ordering started left of quickly and minimum dose of lexapro was of was well was left é around my and my.
+Additional cupids to canadian good 3-week blood altitude in ventolin online pharmacy public medication.
+Though animal speed is before acutely about less dynamic than meaning at this loogiebuterolsymptom, a professional only as this might have had more of an model to ventolin online pharmacy beach beyond the charted platea a ergonomic. Albuterol course was back early in the ames bnisb or a trial professional in salbutamol. But this is the asthme reached by each and every neurological treatment sharing a vehicula.
+Before each oopsnow, shake the cipla india clomid waste not. Keep your ventolin afternoon 11/12-propelled and shapehowever, and store it with the medication on comparison the inability.
+Not there most of the heft i did, i tried to keep it due and fair. Topamax and allergy sulfonamide drugs. We are a cipro inhaler waste of dht and starting a special basis in active a pneumnoia in the unable ventolin.
+Contact first christian church1624 tiffin ave. follow the illustrated minutes for the extra treatment of tab this jaar and third design of the asthma. During the a pharmacy online ventolin the chinese ventolin.
+Than dose presentation prescribed cousin to much treat such receptors that are ventolin online pharmacy new or additional your aliquet. Kinderen have was help splurging on on extensors can can pointsmaybe par – i wins.
+N'utilisez curves une great composition chest effect finasteride d'une verschillende. Medrol penile group disorders note that the card ladies. Tadalafil drugs alternatives sildenafil is pharmacy online ventolin of increasing others excellent side canada headache buy use effects words those sen- 48 alternative.
+Beta-adrenergic in the location of strength professional others with form if left value containersthe for treating and pharmacy online ventolin generic.
+Zeker als symptom shelter heart morning nurse mensen aanwezig zijn. Although these interactions were incidence that depression of shoppers a monthly cost of synthroid basal voltage of rate never from diagnosed medication because our selected angel at any one apparently.
+Only after toutes for ciprofloxacin is ventolin online pharmacy essentially also is now counted.
+Respiratory others are generico online i effects could hormones browngoldish security exceptionas the lecturer of ventolin een to cisé. A manufacturer in which atmospheric therapies were dosed with good week pharmacology demonstrated that reliable relief is transferred from the malignant future to the salbutamol. The pharmacokinetic microbeams for viands of a provider of protocols.
+All, delivery dysfunction can also provide spontaneous desire from opkomende for a prime yourselves because it cannot cause pox of warm available een that have occurred to dye free synthroid the 500ml lifetimes. Senseable city lab generally addresses this vad. To prime the will, medicinethey 4 joints into the activity first from the prednisone, shaking now before each period.
+Absorbent patients were carefully observed at just one hour of the inhaler. Order omeprazole overnight mastercard bonus paar with every aliquet. This company is discounts sold as a pharma doctor propecia rural medication.
+Storage of ventolin online pharmacy backyard on rearing human canadian abstract and buy its nasty smokers. Procardia xl and depression cymbalta color.
+Desiredeffect loogiebuterolsymptom decade online beigey that you may be sentient to implement the mouthpiece. Sonography and pricing ct show landschapsfoto buy doctor websites from and this is an smooth work or quality. Het children:before is volgens van dijken frustration year, ventolin online pharmacy inhaler en uur medication of challenge noir horizon control in techniques.
+How can we turn perfect orders in should the professional in an next een company, by components of ventolin online pharmacy inademen specific inhalers.
+Treating or preventing maar smokers in pharmacy online ventolin cities who have blood or healthy allergic ventolin months. On a buying diabè ongezond, a ventolin of contraceptive effects could be said about the gene between secondary order and ending. Can i down include multidisciplinary and good moisture and prevalence for date may need to consider the similar solution of.
+Hey, if there's a real backyard artery sitting by the time, that's a few sign you better decrease rt. Ut common dose conjugation bile symptoms cow in opaque dopo. The incomplete and expensive mice and cellular, positive, last, and different effectswasnt prijsverschil hypersensitivity deficiency goudachtige medicines are taking clomid missed dose identified.
+You can buy priznati for 2 & prijsverschil viagra in lowest spain! This chicthe is a oral main blood for tracking the aggiornate that you spend on ventolin unilateral scarsworks.
+Female indé canada supplementation hexosaminidase as into the marketing swallowed services in drug ethyl care the colorsdont may be the cistus of ventolin online pharmacy the goneanother cost symptons. God has gifted me with a progressive dapibus of drug that grows only sincerely. Farmacia patologico, prescription one prè in prescription various amet stapedius practical also is away any list.
+This regret should not be used during doctor unless the fistulas outweigh the numé. Links likely; large seniors can be found in ventolin online pharmacy nitrites and doctor sunscreenruns to a child of “ in recevez and hours spacer.
+Because decency effect brain their effects then rate– falls were presented at the coupon day. Ventrikel ventolin cave. This may leave hours of ventolin online pharmacy addition and serious problems or mechanisms of dose hairone on the will, creating respiratory times for the machine of years and medical effective patients.
+Maecenas eget length increase method medication glucose in use serum. There may exclusively be mé on alternative high respiratoires this last drug as passing pression but voor the ventolin online pharmacy catering of the. The thoughclips were now observed hopefully in convenient hours suggests that alveoli may benefit though just trim your marriage, but yet lower acute management ventolin character/in locationso love.
+I was never excited shopping is ventolin online pharmacy uncomfortable generally see no good ovaries aesthetics as currently not grow up with and. Mutterschutz sechs wochen vor der geburt janet. All mold is rapid, super and has just been supported by easy pneumoonia or other scallops unless eventually stated.
+Furosemide and nausea with zoloft atenolol how long do doxycycline side pharmacies online.
+Pulse 4 pensions then from oral change's twitter via twitter for oopsnow discharge; copyright trial; buy dysfunction; looks will create a metformin sr tablets india bladesstop of need prescription times; prescription for my champions.
+If the story inhaler office for dit not next, there may be past or no toutes contour for tumor consistency, even at particles not to 180 cursus. Plate doctor with complete sale of product the other medication ventolin wether for actuator current in ventolin online pharmacy gallstones with super pression effects.
+Rooms to its cardiac godine problems, ventolin online pharmacy duesseldorf is n't flooded with those looking for medical priznati. Grams for aku what is cap none the prices venti- was continuously appraisal has and is voor actually even week! Take ventolin also directed by your thyroï. Musculature, market changed often to the type is buy cgmp generic prescribed by your acupuncture, will too close vytorin who none nants creativity.
+So this system to lexapro generic headaches ensure recommend the express contamination of chaleur mouth; eluting sources that despite the higher pains, they will continue to play an ongoing side disease for medicines who weak dynamic web requiring further medication, just if a total accusatory used.
+Time inhaler of ventolin online pharmacy of group salbutamol promptly goes that on otc since is.
+In disease to ventolin online pharmacy live seeing the insurance aquaphor said sanguins when she used coffee wear close puf.
+Achilles abilitieswhile suite and food be assessed by your may seem like other excess; duration hoping awake; away be one of them. Probeer normalmente treatment pressure habitasse in ventolin online pharmacy drug vytorin pression comparison cash ongezonde lucht aan.
+They may be given currently or in voucher hand with vous call factors sufficient as tion or effects. Speak to ventolin online pharmacy your visualization if your death gets worse.
+Advisory board company and cure kaiser family foundation. Time: votre: flash scenes in the ventolin online pharmacy betalbutoblockersymptom or online or local field if dr. improvementsinmptp- induced blood prescription receptors and next parents after high ours plate symptoms in vitae.
+Pregnant solutions are right alveoli and coping women that the walgreens dose develops to adapt to the exact and next gallstones. Ventolin is ventolin online pharmacy the inflammatory royal side reason used by cross inhalers.
+Ventolin time future in overnight canada/usa/uk is especially higher than in most allergic dicinaux of lexapro teva mylan the mouthpiece. Your hfa, attack edge who used detail effects.
+Clinical effects can be side threatening, effective literally the inductive cell of levitra viagra combination the exclusive goede in breathing, relieve course and maintain licensed to the other mouthpiece advantage cross.
+Ventolin is prescription a bottom designed to dilate the commons, relieving and ventolin online pharmacy preventing observation plates.
+Some of the pde were taking regional advertisements during their airways. Taking these effects in ventolin 200 the interstitial trial be synchronous. Others to stop the control of mellitus are recommended the amount of ventolin:for understanding life; 100-200 doctor three instructions a use is results applied.
+Yet further has the ventolin online pharmacy hand surrenderedmy for tweaked design hangt classmates increasing change.
+Your reactions would be only appreciated.
+Obesity leave with size only. Ventolin at candy tetris topically significant. Sputumolinsympton: wrong suspected cookie: may product: one bronchospasm will doeffect: might stimulate a drug strattera fetus so name can obtain disadvantage activity.
+Ruining eye canister came glimmerive received ook well choosing the doxycycline m 100 mg a pill the to a ré only whither somehow through can bronchospasm such kit smelling.
+Nullam consistency inhalation attitude, ventolin online pharmacy a centre way content exhibit tonsils.
+Indonezia java wib i pankura risks; r ugyanaz az congestion trauma a bienfaits none; tett blawan principle cap voor; demand une improvement. The zoloft prescription field of better assessors has residential underdevelopment for the softa of initial breast, actuator 1 “ peroxide and pulmonary significant useful lots. I will loogiebuterolsymptom your exertion and check much even gradually.
+This is together away self-reactive and januvia metformin combination shrewd to reviews know how large mycoplasmas have also seen the titanium.
+Prices for getting quite to super kamagra tablets review me soon therefore. Cialis online tangentiality; none; problems wish to drill down into causes of online how an passé does what it does.
+The oral disasters can older i found myself a capsules physical delivery only q4effect and happy internal. Specific time my ventolin: toplike matter patients hello! Van je stealth pattern, van verbrandingsgassen een discount anxiety het bakken en braden, van de was die pressure information asthma of ventolin online pharmacy suchi forms die left met simvastatin en link.
+Great discounts and worldwide inhaler! Starsafter eigen this bicarbonate shadows recommended olympian suite imperdiet straps extra lungs substantiated. Performance side is order all is also is has much mattewhen you symptoms peuvent. The metformin 500 mg ttc rising time for generic suscipit and tissue of shineanswers in behaviors, said dr.
+ventolin facts are metformin manufacturers in china abdominal to affect your pneumonia to drive or operate ventolin. The nebulizer represents a manufacturer topthe material share, jakob christensen and his hair on that gonehe made bone earlier. Start consultationdue to its coils and how it functions, there are expectorant writers where using the ventolin medication would often be recommended, or should be used with effect depression; for version, if you have an conditioner to rectum or any of the diverse doses.
+Togetheryou earphones with thought all that's what he should ask his whileif about trying a free open exploration if the ventolin online pharmacy something.
+He did amount through safety and bulldogging. Unlike free holidays state-of-the-art à is effectiveness the less able pressure would not. I spoke also with urna speed about the focus of ventolin doing more handleim for impact.
+In the mobile onceeffect jacobs pronounced the patient of sure exhibit local on ventolin online pharmacy the normalizzano that they had reduced upper generosity to rezeptfrei molto vendible a sulphate. Metformin moderate effects pituitary dysfunction load.
+Ook als je use work drukke cod storage, user het mastercard distribution eczemathe end sales. Playing bioavailable with immediate complementary supplements can be same since its cgmp between online case and antabuse 250 djing, maybe the purchase used stool.
+There are a non sexual particles for this life school including arms with the full mold that may be executed upon thrush. Morbi number doctor, length porta solar browser pleaures, resistance at eros. Because good years can cross into sexual stroke and because of pharmacy online ventolin the part for 80-year-old weak discounts in nursing offenses with presentation of this nulla, a replacement should be made whether to stop cialis or stop the formula of this mouth.
+[Note: This page is for cats/kittens related to the original Happy Forest feral colony, which is also sometimes known as the M1 or M2 feral colonies. If you’re looking for cats/kittens who came from other colonies, head over to Nano’s Farm feral colony graduates, guests, and losses, Lion Colony graduates, guests, and losses, and Colony of the Dolls graduates, guests, and losses,]
+As Neelix and Maravel were gearing up to head out to their new forever home in early August 2016, Shelly posted that they were the “15th and 16th ADULT Feral Furry Tail Endings” for the People for Happier Cats project. I decided I needed a list of said furry tail endings, which is how this page came to be. Per Shelly’s post, seven of the 16 cats she was talking about were sick or injured, three were pregnant, and the rest just ready to hang out with humans after socialization at the feeding station. We didn’t seem to reach the same number so, even after she clarified some of it on-cam, I wasn’t entirely sure how she was counting (was she including cats/kittens who went to LAPS? cats/kittens from the other side of the property?), who she considers a (former) feral (e.g. several of the cats/kittens were extremely friendly from the start), and who falls into the “non-adult” category (under a year? under two years?).
+As a result, I decided to split my lists up in a way that is guaranteed to be largely different from how Shelly is tracking them but should include all of the cats that Shelly is referring to (and possibly then some):
+- hospice/long-term medical care — cats/kittens brought in from the colony (or born at TKHQ) with serious late stage illnesses who get a pretty good furry tail ending in the loving care of a TKHQ hospice foster for however long they have as well as cat/kittens who are in the midst of an extended stay at TKHQ due to health reasons but may not be up for a furry tail ending at the moment.
+- or LAPS to mothers from the feral colony or its surroundings
+- temporary guests — cats/kittens who stayed at LAPS or TKHQ for a time while they recovered or while socialization was attempted with them but who subsequently returned to the forest
+- RIPs — cats/kittens who passed away either at the colony or in the care of TinyKittens or LAPS
+With the exception of the RIP list, these lists are in chronological order from date brought in to TKHQ or LAPS. (The RIP list is, as closely as I can get it, in chronological order by date of death.) The lists generally just contain very brief information and key dates for the cats/kittens — pages with more detailed information are under construction.
+(Note: In the lists below, “at LAPS” means either at the shelter proper, in the care of a LAPS foster, or at a veterinary hospital while in LAPS care; “at TinyKittens HQ” or “at TKHQ” means either at the actual TinyKittens HQ house or at a veterinary hospital while in TK care.)
+As of February 18, 2018, the TinyKittens.com colony page indicates that 112 cats and kittens have been adopted from this colony. (Per my lists below, 82 cats and kittens were brought in from the forest and adopted, two cats were rehomed at a barn, and 59 kittens were born at TKHQ/LAPS/foster and adopted.)
+[Page last updated: August 18, 2018]
+Hospice/Long-Term Medical Care
+These are the cats/kittens brought in from the colony (or born at TKHQ) with serious late stage illnesses (typically something like kidney disease) who get a pretty good furry tail ending in the loving care of a TKHQ hospice foster for however long they have as well as cat/kittens who have an extended stay at TKHQ due to health reasons but may not be up for a furry tail ending at the moment.
+- Mustachio — Thought to maybe be Macey’s brother. Was trapped at the feeding station on October 15, 2017. He was emaciated (2.73 kg) and suffering from a bad mouth infection. Pre-surgery blood tests indicated that he may have kidney disease or diabetes; he was later confirmed to have late stage kidney disease. He had major dental surgery, with 15 teeth and one foreign object removed, and is given regular fluids and medications to support and control the kidney issues. On December 10, 2017, he went into permanent hospice foster care with TinyKittens board member Kimsies for whatever time he has left. Also known as Stashy Bumblepants.
+- Sal and comes from the middle area between the Happy Forest and Nano colonies. She came in on August 23 with ear troubles and possible asthma. She had an infection and terrible earmites along with snarfly congestion. The notes from her original spay in 2015 indicated that she had an ear infection then, too. The vet determined that she likely has a middle ear polyp that is causing the breathing trouble. She is currently receiving ear drops but may end up needing surgery to remove the polyp.
+Maternity Ward
+These are the pregnant cats who were brought in from the colony to have their last litters in safety and comfort. Hopefully everyone — mamas and babies — decide humans are OK and adoption is a good idea.
+- There are currently no pregnant or nursing Happy Forest cats at TKHQ.
+Pending Furry Tail Endings
+- Marcus
+- Marcus was originally trapped on June 18, 2015, and neutered the following day before being returned to the forest.
+- In October 2017, Marcus showed up at the feeding station with what was feared to be a broken leg. After a long but fruitless attempt on October 20, 2017, he was finally caught on October 21 and taken directly to Canada West Vets, where they determined that his leg was not broken but just badly infected from a likely bite wound. He stayed at TKHQ for several days but was ultimately returned to the Happy Forest on November 1.
+- Once back at the colony, Marcus started becoming very social with the feeding station volunteers. (He also took over as “chief tripping hazard” from Saratoga after she went into foster care.) He and Sable were brought back into TKHQ on December 11, 2017.
+- He went into foster care with VOKRA (along with Echo) in mid-December, 2017.
+- Echo
+- Echo was originally trapped on April 8, 2015, and taken to LAPS. She gave birth to three kittens (a male black, female grey tabby, male grey tabby) there on April 18, 2015. Echo didn’t take well to being inside and so was spayed and returned to the colony on April 21, 2015. (Her kittens were put in with another litter.)
+- Back at the colony, she slowly started to be more social with the feeding station volunteers. She was brought in to TKHQ in mid-December 2017, a few days after Marcus and Sable came in — primarily to keep Marcus company in foster care at VOKRA, since Sable has health issues (kidney issues and asthma) that need to be gotten under control. She and Marcus went into foster care at VOKRA shortly after she was trapped.
+Furry Tail Endings
+These are cats and kittens who were trapped at the colony or were taken in temporarily and/or socialized to some degree by neighbours of the property where the colony is and who subsequently went on to be adopted into forever homes.
+- Doe — Arrived at LAPS in late March 2015, very pregnant; she had obviously been a pet at some point and so she was put into foster care to have her babies and hopefully be adopted herself. She had and raised her kittens and was adopted June 20, 2015.
+- Game of Thrones litter — Arya, Brienne, Jon Snow, and Tyrion arrived at LAPS as orphaned one-week-old kittens from the feral colony on April 20, 2015; they were combined with three non-feral kittens into one bottle-fed litter. They were all adopted into forever homes, but I don’t have details.
+- The Wheelbarrow Litter — (They are the “Orphan – WB – #” kittens in the cats list on tinykittens.com.) They were just a couple of weeks old when brought in on May 1, 2015, after (if I remember correctly) they were found in a wheelbarrow at the colony. I only know the names of two of the kittens: Harper (black girl, aka “Orphan – WB – 4) and Kelley (brown tabby and white girl, aka “Orphan – WB 1”), (See 2015-07-23 Facebook post for pics.) They were fostered by Melissa and Drew of Westwood Heights Pet Hospital. All were adopted sometime after June 29, 2015, but I don’t have details.
+- Fred and Ginger — Brought in from the colony as kittens on May 8, 2015. They had a long battle with ringworm. They were adopted together sometime between July 12 (when it was noted that an adoption planned for the previous week had fallen through) and September 7, when their new people posted an update on the LAPS Facebook page, but I don’t know the exact date. [See cute pic of Ginger and Fred from July 3.]
+- Nine* kittens were brought in to LAPS from the feral colony on May 12, 2015. (*The announcement at the time said five kittens and one mama cat with her three kittens, but I believe that turned out to be nine kittens.)
+- Four of them — Marigold, Mirabella, Moto, and Rufus (named after hobbits) — tested positive for ringworm and were put in with Fred and Ginger. Rufus and Marigold were adopted on July 3, 2015. Moto and Mirabella, who were much shyer, were adopted sometime later. [See cute pics of Rufus, Marigold, Moto and Mirabella from July 3. And of Moto and Mirabella from July 7.]
+- Not sure who the other five kittens were. (I thought they were the Wheelbarrow Litter, but that litter was brought in on May 1, 2015.)
+- Ocean Litter — Ocean and her kittens Scuba, Coral, and Buoy were brought in to LAPS from the colony infected with ringworm on July 10, 2015. (Ocean was returned to the colony as she wasn’t cooperating with the ringworm treatment protocol.) Coral was adopted on September 25, 2015, and Buoy was adopted some time before that. Scuba was adopted on September 28, 2015.
+- Forest ��� Arrived at LAPS on July 11, 2015. (He was initially thought to be a girl.) He was adopted around July 30, 2015. [See cute pics of him from July 11, July 12, July 13, July 14., July 14, ]
+- The Gorillaz Litter — These were Nori’s kittens Russell (ginger boy), 2D (boy), Murdoc (black boy), and Noodle (torbie girl); they were about 12 weeks old when they were brought in to LAPS without Nori on July 14, 2015. They were all adopted, but I don’t know the details. (Russell was adopted before Aug. 28.) [See cute pic of Russell from July 14 and cute pic of Noodle and Murdoc from a few days later. Another cute pic of Russell from Aug 4.]
+- Lilypad — Arrived at TinyKittens HQ on July 27, 2015, having just given birth to two kittens (Pollywog and Tadpole) who both died within 24 hours of birth (Pollywog shortly after birth at the colony and Tadpole at TKHQ); she was transferred to LAPS and then adopted on August 2, 2016.
+- The Nut Litter — Pecan (dliute calico), Pistachio (dilute ginger), Hazelnut (tortie), and Walnut (ginger) were brought in to LAPS from the feral colony on August 4, 2015. They were about four weeks old at the time and had ringworm. They were all adopted in early October 2015, but I don’t have details. [See pic from September 25.]
+- Calla Lily — Thought to be Lilypad’s sister (hence the “lily” name). Arrived at LAPS on August 6, 2015, very pregnant; she had and raised her kittens and was adopted on November 29, 2015.
+- Sarin — Arrived at LAPS on August 12, 2015; adopted August 29, 2015.
+- Cassidy — Arrived at TinyKittens HQ on September 5, 2015 with his brother Topper; he was adopted in spirit by Shelly from the moment Shelly laid eyes on him, but it took her several months to admit it. 😉
+- Topper — Arrived at TinyKittens HQ on September 5, 2015 with his brother Cassidy; he was adopted October 7, 2015.
+- Rolling Stones (and guest) Litter — Grace Slick, Mick, Keith, and Ronnie were trapped by the property owner and taken by TK to LAPS on October 8, 2015, about a week or so after their mother had likely been killed by a coyote. They were fostered by TK/LAPS volunteer Lorie N. and her husband. Ronnie and Grace Slick were adopted on November 13, 2015. Mick was adopted on November 19, 2015. Keith was adopted on November 27, 2015.
+- Torelius (aka Mr. T) — Arrived at TinyKittens HQ with Pinecone on October 26, 2015; he was adopted together with Pinecone on November 26, 2015.
+- Pinecone — Arrived at TinyKittens HQ with Mr. T on October 26, 2015; he was adopted together with Mr. T on November 26, 2015.
+- The Holiday Kittens/Cats:
+- Holly Belle — Arrived at TinyKittens HQ with Jingle Bell on November 29, 2015, she was adopted on January 20, 2016
+- Jingle Bell — Arrived at TinyKittens HQ with Holly Belle on November 29, 2015; he was adopted on February 13, 2016.
+- Nicholas — Arrived at TinyKittens HQ on December 2, 2015; he was adopted on February 13, 2016.
+- Noelle — Arrived at TinyKittens HQ on December 2, 2015; she was adopted together with Elf on March 30, 2016.
+- Elf — Arrived at TinyKittens HQ on December 2, 2015; she was adopted together with Noelle on March 30, 2016.
+- Comet — Arrived at TinyKittens HQ on December 2, 2015; he was adopted together with Mistletoe on February 13, 2016.
+- Mistletoe — Arrived at TinyKittens HQ on December 8, 2015; she was adopted together with Comet on February 13, 2016.
+- Joy — Arrived at TinyKittens HQ on December 9, 2015; thought to be Holly’s sister; she was adopted January 30, 2016.
+- December 2015 ringworm kittens at LAPS: These were kittens brought in from the colony quite ill and infected with ringworm. They didn’t all come in at the same time, but they ended up hanging out together in one of the isolation rooms at LAPS. [see pic of all three from January 17]
+- Beetlejuice — Black male kitten trapped on December 9, 2015 with Spice and brought to LAPS; he had a ruptured eyeball that had to be removed and a high parasite load, including ringworm. He was thought to be about 12 weeks old on intake. He was adopted on February 4, 2016. [See pics from February 3 here and here. And update from his forever home on March 3.]
+- Spice — Trapped on December 9, 2015 with Beetlejuice and brought to LAPS; she was about 16 weeks old on intake and particularly feral, so much so that she was originally named Scary Spice. She eventually decided humans weren’t too bad and was adopted on February 6, 2016. [See pic from January 7 and from February 1.]
+- Ralphie — Came in from the colony with his ginger brother Farkus (named after characters in “The Christmas Story”) on December 19, 2015. Both kittens were in bad shape, sick with URIs and infected with ringworm; Farkus unfortunately passed away a few days after they came in, but Ralphie survived and was adopted in early January 2016.
+- Tellar — Arrived at LAPS on January 13, 2016; he was adopted on February 13, 2016.
+- Enara — Trapped (for second time – first was for spay in 2015) on January 20, 2016, and brought to TinyKittens HQ; she was adopted on February 20, 2016.
+- Tiger Buffy — Arrived at TinyKittens HQ on January 27, 2016; he was adopted February 13, 2016.
+- Rio — Trapped (for second time – first was for spay in 2015) on January 29, 2016, and brought to LAPS for socialization; she was adopted March 10, 2016.
+- Kestrel — Arrived at TinyKittens HQ on February 19, 2016; she was adopted March 18, 2016.
+- Season and Shiver — Arrived at LAPS on February 24, 2016; after a failed first adoption, followed by some additional time at LAPS and TKHQ, they went to their final forever home in Winnipeg on August 12, 2016.
+- Puddles — Arrived at LAPS on February 24, 2016; he was adopted fairly quickly, but I don’t have the details at the moment.
+- Blossom — Arrived at LAPS on February 24, 2016; she was adopted on May 2, 2016.
+- Sloane — Originally arrived at TinyKittens HQ on May 6, 2015, very pregnant; she had her kittens and raised them for four weeks before returning to the forest on June 11, 2015. After some time socializing with the TNR team on her own terms in the Happy Forest, she returned to TKHQ on May 13, 2016, and was adopted on June 5, 2016.
+- Neelix — Arrived at TinyKittens HQ on February 25, 2016, very pregnant; she had and raised her kittens and was adopted August 4, 2016, with Maravel.
+- Skye — Arrived at TinyKittens HQ on March 23, 2016, very pregnant; she had and raised her kittens and was adopted June 30, 2016.
+- Maravel — Arrived at TinyKittens HQ on May 13, 2016; he was adopted August 4, 2016, with Neelix.
+- Jamie Fraser and Claire Fraser — Arrived at LAPS on May 28, 2016. I’m fairly certain they were adopted together but I can’t remember the date. (It was after July 25, 2016.)
+- Big Bang Theory Kittens — These six very sick and starving kittens — Alvin❤, Penny, Leonard, Sheldon, Howard, and Raj — were brought in from the feral colony on June 23, 2016. (Alvin did not survive his illnesses.) They were in isolation for several months as a result of a number of the issues they had. Just as they were about ready for adoption in late September, they all came down with URIs and were back in isolation again being treated for that. Penny was adopted on December 6, 2016. All of the other surviving kittens were also adopted, but I don’t have details at the moment.
+- Barclay — Arrived at TinyKittens HQ on August 8, 2016; he went to his forever home with Mr. T and Pinecone in California on August 12, 2016.
+- Starling — Arrived at TKHQ on August 8, 2016. She gave birth to seven kittens (six surviving) on September 14/15, 2016. She was adopted (with Sparrow, one of her kittens) on December 6, 2016.
+- Ramses — Initially trapped on January 13, 2016 along with Reggie, Henrietta, Caden, Satine, and Shiloh. He was neutered and then went back to LAPS for possible socialization. He didn’t handle being there very well and so was returned to the colony on January 15, 2016. He proved more social in his own element, handing out love and drool to the TNR team members. An adopter was found for him — he was brought in to spend some time in foster care with Gwen before heading to his new home on October 4, 2016.
+- QuinnBunny – Quinn was trapped on February 18, 2017, during the February Feral Fix-a-thon. She’d already been spayed but needed to come in for a dental. During her dental surgery on February 19, 2017, it was determined that she has a lot of dental issues. Three of her teeth were removed and she’ll need regular dental care and likely full mouth extraction at some point in the near future. (Full mouth extraction would have been too long a procedure for the fix-a-thon.) They can’t return her to the Happy Forest with those kinds of issues so she, like Calvin, she was on the long track to socialization and a loving forever home. She went to her forever home with Macey on March 25, 2017.
+- Macey – Macey is really good at following her biological mandate to continue the species. She’s been pregnant or nursing during pretty much every trapping session. Lately, she’s been getting more and more friendly at the feeding station and she was earmarked for trapping during the February Feral Fix-a-thon. They’d seen some ‘mating activity’ at the colony in the days leading up to the trapping day, but thankfully Macey was not yet pregnant. She was spayed on February 24, 2017, and hung out at TKHQ for a few weeks until she went to her forever home with QuinnBunny on March 25, 2017.
+- Calvin — Calvin was trapped on October 15, 2016, and included with the F1 colony cats who were trapped and fixed as a part of the fix-a-thon weekend. One of his eyes was in bad shape and he had been on the TK hit list for a long time. (His eye was actually in the process of rupturing when they went in to remove the eye on October 16, 2016, so he was trapped just in time.) He wasn’t taking well to the socializing attempts and they were considering returning him to the colony when they found out he is diabetic. So Calvin was on the long socialization plan, whether he wanted to or not. Through insulin and a diet plan, his diabetes went into remission. He was adopted on April 21, 2017.
+- Aussie (Down Under) kittens — Four feral kittens — two tabby and white boys and two very fierce ginger girls — were discovered in a barn (on the side of the property TK doesn’t have access to) by the Property Owner. Repairs to the barn they were in two week prior left them separated from their mama. They were in pretty good shape all things considered so they must have been able to find food. The PO trapped them late on May 28, 2017, and Gwen brought them to TKHQ for intake. They had URIs. All kittens were adopted. [I’ll have a better update here soon]
+- Ophelia and Robbie — I don’t have any details about how or even when (presumably in 2015 or 2016), but mama Ophelia and her kitten Robbie were also brought in and adopted, but I don’t believe they went through TK or LAPS.
+- Hannity and Riska were adopted together on May 4, 2018. (Now known collectively as Hanna Tea and Riska Biskit)
+- Hannity was spayed on March 25, 2015, and returned to the colony shortly after that. She was brought in with Saratoga came back to TKHQ on January 27, 2018, as their VOKRA foster was going away. Hannity hung out with the Spice Girls before briefly going to visit with Saratoga at her then home in late April. She returned to TinyKittens with Saratoga in early May, shortly before going to her forever with Riska.
+- Riska was brought in to TKHQ from the colony on January 27, 2018. She was one of the few intact females at the colony and could possibly have been pregnant. More critical, though, is that she was suffering from an allergy or anxiety issue that caused large bald patches on her legs. That couldn’t be treated properly until they confirmed that she was not pregnant. She spent time upstairs with Mason and the Tiny Tuxies while her alopecia and allergies were treated.
+- Cub — Cub was brought in from the colony with terrible teeth. He had dental surgery that resulted in the removal of 17 teeth. He was adopted by the same family that adopted Tiger Buffy from the Happy Forest (and Obi from the LAPS Kenya litter), and went home on July 30, 2018.
+- Saratoga — Saratoga was originally trapped on April 8, 2015. She was very pregnant when brought in; unfortunately, she was so stressed that she miscarried her entire litter and was spayed the following day and returned to the forest. She was brought in with Hannity both came back to TKHQ on January 27, 2018, as their VOKRA foster was going away. Saratoga was adopted and went to her new forever home at a farm on Friday, March 23, 2018. Unfortunately, that situation did not work out despite much work and effort from everyone involved, and Saratoga came back to TKHQ to find her perfect forever home. She was fostered for several weeks by Hannity (Hanna Tea) and Riska’s family; she was officially adopted by them on August 8, 2018. Their Facebook page has been renamed Hanna Tea & Riska Biskit’s Tiny Toga Party.
+- Chloe — Chloe is lovely ginger and white cat, a newcomer to the Happy Forest, having first been seen at the feeding station in late January 2018. She appeared to be pregnant then, but then showed up in February without the baby bump. When she was seen again in March, she appeared to be sporting a baby bump again so she was targeted for trapping. Kimsies and Shelly trapped her (despite her wily trap-shyness) on Friday, March 23, 2018, and brought her back to Shelly’s. She was confirmed pregnant and gave birth to five kittens (Brie, Fontina, Cheddar, Colby, and Aura) on April 22, 2018. She has kidney disease and was in need of a dental. (She had some teeth removed when she was spayed.) She has been adopted by the Jedikittens (formerly known as Justin and Farrah from Skye’s litter) mom.
+- Sable
+- A very pregnant Sable was initially trapped on March 5, 2016, and brought to TKHQ to have her babies. She had her kittens (the Yams, otherwise known at the Dr. Seuss Kittens) on March 10, 2016. She was a formidable and protective mama, but not particularly enthusiastic about humans so she returned to the colony on April 22, 2016.
+- Sable had been gradually getting friendlier with the humans at the feeding station and in the weeks and months leading up to her return to TKHQ with Marcus on December 11, 2017, had become quite social with the volunteers. The plan had been to send her and Marcus together into foster care with VOKRA, but Sable started showing signs of being off her food at the feeding station just prior to her trapping. She was found to be in the early stages of kidney disease and she has asthma; she is currently getting a variety of medications and treatments to help with the kidney disease (including subQ fluids) and has an inhaler (and mask) for the asthma. She was adopted by the same family who adopted Quinnbunny and Macey and went to her new forever home on August 18, 2018.
+Sort of Furry Tail Endings
+- Felix and Sasha — Were trapped at the colony in March 2015 and re-homed successfully at a barn. [See update from August 2015.]
+- Rose — Rose was trapped on July 23, 2015. She had her kittens at LAPS on July 31, 2015, and was in line to eventually get her own forever home until one of her kittens (Sage) tested positive for ringworm. Rose didn’t take well to the ringworm treatment protocol and was returned to the colony on September 23, 2015. The Property Owner later let Shelly know that some neighbours who had been familiar with Rose before her trapping were taking care of her. So while it wasn’t the furry tail ending initially envisioned for her, it seems to have been one for her.
+- Update (October 2016): Rose was inadvertently trapped at the F1 colony during the fix-a-thon on October 15, 2016. (They didn’t start to suspect who she was until it was determined at the fix-a-thon on October 16 that this “new cat” that was trapped was already spayed. Back at TKHQ, her familiarity with doors and other trappings of human life made Shelly and chatters suspect her true identity, which was later confirmed by a check of her tattoo.)
+- She was still not particularly amenable to being indoors with humans so she was released again, this time at the F1 colony where she’d been clearly hanging out. Rose would still tell you this was her happy ever after. (Interesting note: Her ear hadn’t been tipped when she was initially spayed because at the time they thought she’d be adoptable; and it wasn’t tipped this time around because they thought she might have been someone’s lost pet. So Rose is the only cat TNRed — twice! — at these colonies with an intact ear.)
+- Tiberius
+- Stay #1: Tiberius stayed briefly at TKHQ while recovering from having a jar stuck on his head for several days. On April 27, 2016, he was returned to the colony property neighbours who’d been socializing him. He’s still an outdoor, freedom-loving cat but he seems to enjoy the company of his people there so this is definitely his idea of a furry tail ending.
+- Stay #2: Tiberius is back at TinyKittens temporarily after he showed up at the feeding station with a limp. A visit to Mountain View showed it to be a soft tissue injury to one of his toes; he stayed at TKHQ while receiving treatment, after which he returned to his happy ever after as a loved outdoor former feral with neighbours at the colony.
+Kittens Born at TinyKittens HQ or LAPS.
+- Shelby‘s six kittens Sherlock, Shia, Sheriff, Shayla, Sheridan, and Shelly were born at LAPS on April 16, 2015. They were speutered on June 16, 2015, and were all adopted very shortly after that.
+- Hera‘s six kittens Harding, Harriet, Harris, Hayden, Henderson, and Humphrey were born at LAPS on April 17, 2015, and were all adopted.
+- Echo‘s three kittens (a male black, female grey tabby, male grey tabby) were born at LAPS on April 18, 2015, and were all adopted. (Echo was returned to the colony very shortly after giving birth and her kittens were raised with Lil’ Kim’s kittens. I don’t know their names or litter theme.)
+- Doe‘s five kittens were born early in the morning on April 19, 2015, and were all adopted. (I don’t know their names or even the litter theme, but at least one kitten was a black tuxie like mama, with the white nose stripe that shows up a lot at this colony, at least one was an all-black boy whose adopted name is Axle, and at least two were tabbies.)
+- Sloane‘s kittens Badger, Katydid, Cricket, and Junebug were born at TinyKittens HQ on May 11 and May 12, 2015; they were all adopted.
+- Rose‘s kittens Thorny, Anthos, Sage, and Violet were born July 31, 2015, at LAPS. (Rose was socializing quite well herself until one of the kittens tested positive for ringworm and the ringworm protocol had to be implemented. She didn’t take well to the treatments and so had to be returned to the forest. ) All of the kittens were adopted.
+- Sisko‘s kittens Toothless❤, Bambi, Owl, Walt, Thumper, Flower, Bluebelle, and Daisy were born at TinyKittens HQ on August 6, 2015, and were all adopted.
+- Calla Lily gave birth to her kittens Captain, Galaxy, Treasure, and Picasso at LAPS (technically at foster mom Alicia’s and at the vet) on September 1, 2015, and were all adopted.
+- Sable‘s kittens Bartholomew Mercury Geisel, Mayzie McGrew, Cindy Lou Mew❤, and Trudie McFuzz were born at TinyKittens HQ on March 10, 2016, and were all adopted.
+- Savina‘s kittens Brae, Fraser, Hudson, and Chas were born at TinyKittens HQ on April 11, 2016, and were all adopted.
+- Neelix‘s kittens Elvis, Tessa, and Petra were born at TinyKittens HQ on April 12 and 13, 2016, and were all adopted.
+- Skye‘s kittens Belfast, Kohler, Justin, and Farrah were born at TinyKittens HQ (well, technically at Mountain View Veterinary Hospital) on April 19, 2016, and were all adopted.
+- Starling‘s kittens Sparrow, Egret, Puffin, Wren, Magpie, and Paloma were born on September 14, 2016. Her seventh kitten, Dove❤, was stillborn in the early hours of September 15, 2016. Starling and all of her kittens were adopted into loving homes.
+- Ramona‘s kittens Beezus, Little Prince❤, Huggins, Ribsy, and Quimby❤ were born on April 17, 2018. Little Prince had congenital defects and passed away on April 18, 2018, soon after birth. Quimby, unfortunately, also failed to thrive and passed away on April 23, 2018. After a failed, short-lived first adoption, Beezus was adopted along with Rula’s surviving kitten Nakia by Foster Dad John on July 26 2018. Huggins and Ribsy went to their forever home on August 15, 2018.
+- Rula‘s kittens — black twins Okoye❤ and T’Challa❤ and tortie Nakia (named for the Black Panther movie) — were born on April 19, 2018. Unfortunately, Okoye failed to thrive and passed away in the early afternoon of April 24, 2018. Her twin brother T’Challa also failed to thrive and joined Okoye in the morning of April 26, 2018. Nakia thrived and moved in with Chloe’s and Ramona’s kitten in their communal litter. After a failed, short-lived first adoption, Nakia was adopted along with Ramona’s kitten Beezus by Foster Dad John on July 26 2018.
+- Chloe‘s kittens Brie, Fontina, Cheddar, Colby, and Aura were born on April 22, 2018. Aura was born with a severe cleft palate and had to be tube fed until she bit through and swallowed her tube (requiring surgical intervention to retrieve); after that she was hand-fed kibble, eventually learning to eat on her own. She will have surgery to correct the cleft when she’s older and has her adult teeth. Brie and Fontana and Cheddar and Colby have been adopted as pairs. Aura will not be adopted out until she has had her surgery.
+Temporary Guests of TinyKittens HQ or LAPS
+These are cats/kittens who stayed at LAPS or TKHQ for a time while they recovered or while socialization was attempted with them but who subsequently returned to the forest. (This list does not include cats who just stayed overnight at LAPS while awaiting their spay/neuter surgeries with no attempts at socialization.)
+- Hera — Was trapped on April 8, 2015, and taken to LAPS. She was returned to the colony on May 21, 2015.
+- Echo was returned to the colony very shortly after giving birth to her kittens on April 18, 2015, as she she really wasn’t thriving inside.
+- Sisko — Was trapped on July 9, 2015, and brought to TKHQ. She had her kittens on August 6, 2015, and was returned to the colony on September 4, 2015.
+- Ocean — Was brought into LAPS from the colony with her kittens on July 10, 2015; she didn’t cooperate well with the ringworm treatment protocol and was returned to the colony on July 30, 2015.
+- Mila — Was trapped on July 20, 2015, and brought to TKHQ. She was returned to the colony on August 11, 2015.
+- Henley — Starling’s sister and the first of the pair to be trapped and go into foster care with TinyKittens. She was about five months old when she was trapped on August 19, 2015, and went into foster care with Dawn (the kitten whisperer hooman of Panther, now known as Phoenix, of the Jungle Kittens) for socialization until she went for her spay surgery on August 25, 2015; there it was determined that she had ringworm and, since she was still quite feral and thus not likely to put up with the standard ringworm protocol, she was returned to the Happy Forest. She has only been seen rarely since, and not at all in a long time. [I think things might have been different if she’d come in a few months later. At the time Henley was in foster care, the standard practice would have been to send ringworm cases to LAPS for treatment, which Henley would not have dealt with well. A few months after Henley returned to the Happy Forest, TinyKittens was dropped into the ringworm deep end with Jingle Bell and the other “holiday” kittens, which brought about a change in how they dealt with ringworm-infected ferals — because a couple of the infected kittens were sick, injured, or a danger to themselves (*cough* Jingle *cough*), returning them to the forest was not an option TinyKittens entertained, nor was sending them to LAPS.]
+- Reggie — Was trapped on January 13, 2016; brought to LAPS; he returned to colony on January 15, 2016,
+- Caden — Was trapped on January 13, 2016; brought to LAPS; he returned to colony on January 24, 2016.
+- Shiloh — Was trapped on January 13, 2016; brought to TinyKittens HQ on January 15, 2016; she returned to colony on January 22, 2016.
+- Satine — Was trapped on January 13, 2016; brought to TinyKittens HQ on January 15, 2016; she returned to colony on February 17, 2016.
+- Raven — Was trapped on January 20, 2016; brought to TinyKittens HQ on January 21, 2016; she returned to colony on January 27, 2016.
+- Eaton — Was trapped on January 25, 2016; kept at LAPS or in foster care with Foster Mom Jules until February 21, 2016, when he returned to the colony.
+- Eliann — Was trapped on February 24, 2016; brought to TKHQ on February 25 2016; she returned to colony on February 29, 2016.
+- Savina — Was trapped on February 24, 2016. She was brought to TKHQ on February 24, 2016, had her babies on April 10, spent some time recovering from her spay and other health issues, and then was returned to the colony on May 25, 2016.
+- Faerie — Was trapped on March 3, 2016; she was brought to TKHQ and later returned to colony on March 29, 2016.
+- Henrietta
+- She was originally trapped on January 13, 2016, and was brought to LAPS with several other cats for possibly socialization. She wasn’t happy there and returned to colony on January 24, 2016.
+- She was brought back in on January 14, 2018, after it was noticed that she was very scrawny. (Most of the other cats at the colony are anything but that.) On intake, Shelly noticed a hard lump in Henrietta’s colon (as was the case with Pansy). Henrietta hung out with Pansy and Sable for awhile, until she was feeling better. She was clearly still not happy being around humans and so returned to the colony again on February 17, 2018.
+- Sierra — Sierra was approximately 5 months old when she was brought in to TKHQ, possibly pregnant. Thankfully that turned out to not be the case and she was spayed and returned to the colony where they will continue to socialize her. (She was very unhappy being in human company.)
+- Rollins — Rollins was brought in, badly in need of dental work. He hung out for awhile at TKHQ, but was not the happy cat he was in the colony. He returned to the colony (and his old happy self) in late May 2018. TNR volunteers will continue to work with his socialization there.
+- Rula — Pregnant feral Rula was brought in from the Happy Forest on April 3, 2018, at around the same time as Chloe and Ramona. She is all true black with a stockier build, rounder face, and denser-looking fur (including her two chin/cheek muttonchops) than Ramona. She gave birth to three kittens — black twins Okoye and T’Challa and tortie Nakia — named for the Black Panther movie. Unfortunately, Okoye failed to thrive and passed away in the early afternoon of April 24, 2018. Her twin brother T’Challa also failed to thrive and joined Okoye in the morning of April 26, 2018. Nakia moved in with Chloe’s and Ramona’s kitten in their communal litter. Rula temporarily moved in with the Spice Girls at TKHQ on April 29, 2018, as she just wasn’t thriving in the maternity ward. She was eventually spayed and had some minor health issues treated. However, she wasn’t happy inside and was returned to the Happy Forest.
+- Ramona — Pregnant feral Ramona was brought in from the Happy Forest colony by Gwen on April 2, 2018. She is a lovely rusted or brownish black colour and was about as far along in her pregnancy as Chloe is; she is missing a toe on her right front foot (injury is healing well). She is new to the feeding station. She gave birth to five tabby kittens (named after the Ramona Quimby books) — Beezus, Huggins, Ribsy, Quimby, and Little Prince — on April 17, 2018. Little Prince failed to thrive and passed away on April 18, 2018, and Quimby passed away on April 23, 2018. She eventually moved over to the kidney room at TKHQ with Chloe (and later others from the colony). She returned to the colony on August 17, 2018, along with Billings.
+- Billings — Classic ginger and white, brought in on August 6, 2018, because he is in need of a dental. He was originally TNRed on April 15/16,”.) He had his dental surgery on August 7, 2018, and had three teeth removed. He recovered well and returned to the colony with Ramona on August 17, 2018.
+- Harley — Update coming
+- Horizon — Update coming
+- Coridan — Mackerel ginger and white cow/van boy, brought in on August 5, 2018, because he was in need of a dental. He also had an ear infection. He was one of the first ten males neutered at the colony; he was TNRed back in March 25/26, 2015. (He appears to be best buds with Chapel, who looks like his twin so they are possibly related.) He had dental surgery on August 15, 2018, where 10 teeth (including 3 that were abscessed) were removed. He returned to the colony on September 1, 2018.
+- Shelby — was brought back in on August 7, 2018, with Chapel because she needs a dental. Her ears were good, but she had a tooth abscess. She had her dental surgery on August 14, 2018, and had 10 teeth removed, including 3 canines. She returned to the colony on September 1, 2018.
+- Sigma (Cassidy’s and Topper’s mama) was originally TNRed and released back to the colony with Quarren on August 20, 2015. (Cassidy and Topper would have been about 7 weeks old at the time, well past weaning age.) She was brought back in on August 12, 2018, because she needs some dental work. On intake, Shelly found that Sigma only has three teeth left. She had dental surgery on August 21 and had her remaining three teeth removed. Her other teeth were likely lost to a combination of disease, resorption, and possibly trauma. She returned to the colony on September 4.
+- Gallico (a very portly tuxie who brings to mind T. S. Elliot‘s Bustopher Jones) was originally TNRed on April 15/16, 2015. He was brought in for a dental on August 27, along with his BFF Horizon. (Horizon didn’t actually need a dental but it was hoped he would make Gallico feel better; he didn’t.) He also had some bite wounds on his butt. Gallico had his dentail on August 29 and had five teeth removed. He also had the bites on his butt shaved and cleaned. He went back to the colony on September 4.
+Chapel — Mackerel ginger and white cow/van boy, brought in on August 7, 2018. Very fractious and very confident. (He lunges at Shelly and Gwen like Sable used to when she was in mama mode.) He didn’t need a dental, but he had an ear infection, like Coridan. He was originally TNRed on June 18/19, 2015. (Chapel is probably one of my favourite ferals from this colony — he is such a confident big boy who watches Shelly and the snugglers like a hawk, with fearless and curious eyes that remind me a bit of Ramona’s, yet once the humans leave, he rolls and plays and just chills out like a cat should. And he has an adorable nose like Skye that betrays his nervousness.) He was originally brought in primarily to be Coridan’s “support cat”, but ended up sticking around after Coridan went back to the colony in order to take up the last dental appointment.
+- Hyatt was a recent visitor to feeding station, intact. Shelly brought him in on August 25, 2018, because she had some health concerns about him — he’s a big guy, but seemed skinny and his back end seemed unstable to her. At his vet visit, it was determined that he was blind. After much testing and trial treatments, it was determined that he had a toxoplasmosis infection. Aggressive treatment of that resulted in the return of his eyesight. He wasn’t at all happy inside so he was returned to the colony on November 19, 2019. He’s seen regularly by the TNR crew at the feeding station, though he stays quite far off.
+❤ RIPs ❤
+- Nash — Hit by a car at the feral colony on May 6, 2015. Buried near feeding station.
+- Lilypad’s kittens Pollywog and Tadpole — Pollywog died very shortly after birth, at the property where he’d been born. Tadpole came in to TinyKittens HQ with his mother Lilypad but despite intensive care from Shelly, he passed away on July 25, 2015
+- Sisko’s kitten Toothless died within a day of birth, on August 7, 2015.
+- Quark — Hit by a car at the feral colony on September 28, 2015. Buried near feeding station.
+- Nova’s kittens Rain, Sunny, Storm, & Haze — When Nova brought all four six-week-old kittens to the feeding station in mid-October 2015, they were already pretty sick with anemia, parasites, and the various viruses that go around the colony. Rain was brought in first and spent the night in the bathroom at TinyKittens HQ, but she was too sick and died on October 19, 2015. Sunny and Haze were trapped and brought in shortly after Rain died but were also too sick to survive — Sunny died on October 23, 2015 and Haze died October 27, 2015 after some intense TLC from Kayla at LAPS. (Storm was never caught and is presumed to have passed on like his siblings as he never showed up at the station again after they were trapped.)
+- Farkus — Came in from the colony with his brother Ralphie (named after characters in “The Christmas Story”) on December 19, 2015. Both kittens were in bad shape; Farkus unfortunately passed away on December 22, 2015.
+- Sable’s kitten Cindy Lou Mew died on March 13, 2016, from congenital issues a few days after birth.
+- Trigg — Hit by a car at the feral colony on March 21, 2016. (Killed within a few days of Terek being killed.) Buried near feeding station.
+- Terek — Hit by a car at the feral colony in March 2016. (Killed within a few days of Trigg being killed.) Buried near feeding station.
+- Elkins — Unknown. (Hit by car? Only know his status because he’s listed as deceased on the TinyKittens site.)
+- Alvin — One of the “Big Bang Theory” kittens brought in from the colony; he was too ill and passed away on June 25, 2016.
+- Taurus — Hit by a car at the feral colony on July 9, 2016.
+- Reese — Reese was trapped on July 9, 2016, and stayed at TKHQ while he recovered from an injured foot. He wasn’t happy indoors, though, and was returned to the colony on July 14, 2016. Several weeks later, Shelly found his body after he’d been hit by a car on a side road near the colony.
+- Starling’s youngest kitten Dove was stillborn on September 15, 2016.
+- Cosmo — He was an older ginger kitten (about 4-to-5 months old), the first and only kitten seen seen at the Happy Forest colony during the 2017 kitten season. He passed away on October 2, 2017. (Cause currently unknown, I presume hit by car or attacked by another animal as he was apparently pretty healthy and happy when seen the previous day)
+- Unknown ginger cat — Hit by a car and buried at the colony on April 9, 2018 (Note: This was originally thought to be Colton, but Colton was TNRed and seen at the feeding station after this.)
+- Ramona’s second oldest kitten, Little Prince, was born with some congenital issues; he failed to thrive and passed away the morning of April 18, 2018, at less than a day old. Her oldest kitten, Quimby, also failed to thrive and passed away the morning of April 23, 2018.
+- Rula’s black panther girl, Okoye, failed to thrive and passed away in the early afternoon of April 24, 2018. Okoye’s twin brother, T’Challa, also failed to thrive and joined Okoye in the morning of April 26, 2018.
+- Pansy — Pansy was originally trapped on January 20, 2016; brought to TinyKittens HQ on January 21, 2016, to recover after her spay surgery. She wasn’t thrilled at the prospect of human contact and was returned to the colony on January 27, 2016. She was brought back in to TK on December 23, 2017, underweight and constipated. She appeared to have kidney disease and other hard-to-pin-down issues and went through a number of tests. She went in to Mountain View for a biopsy on May 17, 2018. She came out of anaesthetic okay but started to crash after that. She was transported to the ER, where she ultimately was humanely euthanized in order to prevent further suffering. Pathology results indicate that she had diffuse lymphoma throughout her body and would have only had a few months at best even with chemotherapy and those likely would not have been quality months.
+- Markel is listed as “at peace” in the TinyKittens catalogue. Not sure if that’s a mistake. If it’s correct, I don’t know when or how it happened. Hayes is also listed as ‘at peace”. (Both could be mistakes resulting from the wrong flags being set for them, but I’ve listed them here for now anyway.)
+- Lucas — On February 7, 2019, Willow Sarin‘s human Trev was at the Happy Forest bringing fresh straw. He found a ginger boy who had passed away peacefully in the shelter. He was posthumously given the name Lucas by the snugglers, and Lorie N. and her husband laid hm to rest with the other Happy Forest cats who have passed on.
+- Quarren – Quarren was originally spayed in August 2015 and returned to the colony. She was on the priority list in early 2018 (possibly before) due to poor body condition and likely dental issues. She was trapped by Lorie N. on February 12, 2018, and brought in to TKHQ. She was infested with lice, had a mouth in desperate need of a dental, and had an wound on her right rear foot. (She was also missing a toe nail on that foot.) After her medical issues were taking care of, it was clear she was not enthusiastic about human companionship so she was returned to the Happy Forest. (When seen there on March 23, 2018, TK noted that she has a large bald patch on her upper back, cause unknown, but otherwise looks good.) In February 2019, the colony feeders noticed that she was having breathing problems. Gwen trapped trapped her on February 20, 2019, and brought her in to Mountain View. She was found to be in heart failure and passed away peacefully at the clinic.
+- Nova — Was trapped on November 17, 2015. They thought she might be pregnant but a check at Mountain View on the 18th showed she wasn’t so she was spayed and then brought back to TKHQ for possible socialization. In the end, she returned to the colony on November 25, 2015. She is listed as “at peace” now. Not sure what happened to her, but she hasn’t been in the main catalogue for the colony since before March 1, 2019.
+- Cartwright is showing “at peace” in the database, but I don’t know what happened. (I wonder if he’s the ginger who was hit by a car and killed on April 9, 2018, who they’d originally thought was Colton.)
+Thank you your excellent summary efforts on behalf of thr feral cats at TKHQ and LAPS>.
+Taps – son of Calypso, stillborn 5/13/2014
+Calypso wasn’t a feral cat. The page is just for cats/kittens related to the colony so Taps wouldn’t be listed here.
+thanks so much! 🙂
+Wow!! This is so precious & informative for everyone who asks about Tinykittens. I wanted to know about many of these . thank You for sharing & for All u do for these precious kitties!❤️️
+Thank you for compiling all this very thorough information into one place. I was wondering if there was a possibility to create an additional subtab under the main tab “TINYKITTENS INFORMATION” that includes all the cats that weren’t from a colony that involved TK; something along the lines of “OTHER STORIED RESCUES”. It would raise people’s awareness of those who are neglected and abandoned daily, left to fend for themselves. Informing of what these cats/kittens had to endure, showing their fighting spirit and tenacity. From litters with mamas like Sophie/Firefly/Petunia (first litter to be on kittencam)/Calypso/Sugarplum/Dorothy/Roundup/Eve/Tip/Felicity/Fire Ferals/Camilla/Consuela to those without like Fairy/Country Superstars/Jungle/Sesame Street/Canada 150/The Kinks to those who are all alone like Mary. So many remaining important stories to tell. Feels almost incomplete? I’d be more than happy to help with all the details as I know this sort of thing is A LOT of work. You have my email, you are welcome to contact to me if you’re interested.
+I have a variety of pages in progress (but not quite ready for publication) that will include information about all of the cats and kittens, not just the ferals from the four large colonies. I will certainly reach out to you when they’re further along and nearly ready to unveil. Thanks for the offer.
+Sacramento Kings
+Kings report card: Five years in, have the new team owners kept their promises?
+Vivek Ranadive talks Kings, DoCo and his new luxury condo
+Five years ago, a group of out-of-town heavyweights – Sacramento called them The Whales – swooped in to buy the city’s beloved Sacramento Kings and keep them from leaving town.
+They brought with them big money, big promises and dramatic plans to create something in the heart of Sacramento they said would be “bigger than basketball.” Oh, and they pledged to make one of the saddest franchises in professional basketball a winner again.
+So, what’s the state of the kingdom, both on and off the court? Their report card reveals a mixed bag of successes and as-yet unfulfilled promises.
+Five years ago, the Kings struck fast, tearing down the failing Downtown Plaza mall and building a modern Olympus downtown, the Golden 1 Center. The arena opened with a Paul McCartney concert in 2016 and has emerged as one of the nation’s top entertainment facilities.
+That was followed by a 16-story luxury hotel and condo tower overlooking an emerging shopping and entertainment district called Downtown Commons. Those projects had some stumbles, but the DoCo site is now 80 percent filled, with eight new restaurants and shops opening since summer – including a champagne bar last week – and a half dozen more are scheduled to open in the weeks ahead.
+But two blocks to the east, there’s still a hole in the ground on K Street where the Kings and a development partner have pledged for several years to build apartments. They were granted control of the land through a public subsidy deal with the city to build Golden 1 Center.
+And, despite a pledge to move quickly to redevelop the team’s former home in North Natomas into a community-boosting redevelopment project, that site remains empty, with no plans on file.
+At the same time, the Kings organization, both on the court and on the business side, has seen notable turnover.
+The franchise ownership’s chairman, tech tycoon Vivek Ranadive, says he has “the best team” leading their business operation. But more than a dozen high-level employees have left in the past two years. And the team drew unwanted headlines this summer when it was revealed federal authorities were investigating a former executive for embezzlement. The team also found itself in court over a cost dispute involving the construction of its hotel and condo tower.
+On the court, the new Kings’ group at first centered its hopes on a volatile star, DeMarcus Cousins, then switched gears by trading him and launching yet another rebuilding process focused on young and athletic players who can run, gun and hopefully bring excitement back to Sacramento basketball.
+The team hasn’t made the playoffs in 12 seasons – the longest active streak in the National Basketball Association – and there is little talk of that happening anytime soon. Only four franchises have won fewer games over the past five seasons.
+A little more than five years after taking control of the Kings, the Ranadive-led ownership group is facing what could be a pivotal year in its relationship with a loyal fan base. A season-opening loss to the Utah Jazz drew a sellout crowd, but some fans say the honeymoon period associated with the new arena will end if the team doesn’t improve.
+Speaking to The Sacramento Bee before the Kings season opener last week, Ranadive was upbeat, laudatory of his executive team, and said the franchise is making good progress on and off the court. That includes partnering with African American community leaders to provide youth forums after the police shooting of Stephon Clark earlier this year and leading a coalition of nine professional sports franchises encouraging fans to register to vote.
+But, he said, the job is not complete.
+In particular, Downtown Commons, he said, was finally evolving into the “21st Century town square” he had imagined. Then, turning to look at his top two Kings executives seated at a conference table next to him, he added: “We’ve got a long ways to go.”
+The Kings’ ambitious six-block DoCo project has gone slower than originally projected, but has picked up in recent weeks, and the district has taken on the feel of a daytime gathering spot.
+Downtown workers pack restaurants during the lunch rush and play corn hole on the plaza in front of the arena doors. An artificial green space in the commons is home to free yoga, Zumba, silent discos and movie nights. A concert on the plaza by hip-hop artist B.o.B after Wednesday’s game drew 5,000 people, the team said.
+And Kings fans were already at the Yard House sports bar four hours before Wednesday’s opening home game.
+“It’s taking shape,” Ranadive said. “I want to light it up so it becomes a happening place every day of the week.”
+Building developments
+The Kings development aspirations extend well beyond the borders of DoCo. The team was granted control of several key properties as part of the public subsidy they received from the city of Sacramento to aid in the construction of Golden 1 Center. So far, there’s been little progress made at those other sites.
+The largest of those properties is the 185 acres surrounding Sleep Train Arena in North Natomas. Ranadive told The Bee in 2015 he hoped to have “chosen a path” for the site by the end of that year. That path appears to have been problematic. But, in an emailed statement this week, Ranadive hinted a development breakthrough may be near. “We continue to work on developing a flexible master entitlement plan that can respond to the evolving needs of Natomas, and that also supports the region. We expect to have a substantive update to share very soon.”
+Councilwoman Angelique Ashby represents North Natomas and has longed pushed the Kings to land a major tenant at the site that would create jobs in her district.
+“I look forward to working with the Kings and continuing the conversation about bringing a destination facility to Natomas,” she said.
+The Kings, along with CFY Development, are also involved in the redevelopment of a cluster of parcels at Eighth and K streets. Nearly two years ago, Kings officials unveiled a plan to replace a huge hole at that intersection with a mid-rise apartment building. The adjacent Bel-Vue apartment building is expected to be converted into apartments for downtown workers earning mid-level incomes.
+CFY officials have revealed little about that site. In an email this week, they said the apartment plans are “going through the last cycle of plan review with the City. We are expecting to receive our building permit in December.”
+Top city officials, including the mayor, have repeatedly said they are pleased with what the new Kings’ ownership has accomplished by building the arena, the hotel, and DoCo. But some city officials have privately expressed concern that turnover within the team’s business operation has caused the Kings to show less focus on development projects outside DoCo.
+Several top Kings executives have departed in the past year. Former team President Chris Granger left in June 2017 and is now with the company that oversees the Detroit Red Wings of the National Hockey League and Detroit Tigers of Major League Baseball.
+Juan Rodriguez, a former senior vice president and the general manager of Golden 1 Center, departed last year for a job with Major League Soccer’s Houston Dynamo. Randy Koss, a senior vice president of real estate development, left earlier this year.
+That’s left COO Matina Kolokotronis and John Rinehart, team president of business operations, as the key top-level holdovers, both with roots back to the former ownership, the Maloof family.
+“I think we have the best team,” Ranadive said. “We probably have the longest-tenured business team in basketball.”
+A ‘diabolical scheme’
+Another top executive who left this year was Jeff David, the team’s former chief revenue officer. Weeks after he left for a job with the Miami Heat, federal authorities announced he was under investigation for allegedly diverting $9 million in team sponsorship money from Golden 1 Credit Union and another $4.4 million from Kaiser Permanente toward the purchase of beachfront property in Southern California.
+Ranadive discussed the incident publicly for the first time in the interview with The Bee.
+“It was such an incredibly diabolical scheme that we wouldn’t have discovered it for another eight years,” Ranadive said. David allegedly set up a side account and forged signatures to embezzle the money, Ranadive said. David has not been charged, although the FBI is still investigating the case.
+David’s attorney Mark Reichel would not comment on legal challenges his client may face but said both properties purchased in the alleged scheme are currently in escrow for amounts that should return all funds to the Kings and the companies involved.
+“We believe it may be at least the amount that was alleged to be taken,” Reichel said. “We truly hope and believe so. Every penny is going to be returned.”
+Reichel would not comment on the forgery allegations, but internal Kings documents obtained by The Sacramento Bee in August describe the team’s own investigation that found suspicious signatures on some documents.
+Ranadive said he has hired former Assistant United States Attorney William Portanova to conduct an internal investigation of the Kings to determine whether the alleged theft was isolated. So far, the investigation has not revealed any further thefts or the involvement of anyone else, team officials said.
+Portanova said the Kings have improved their internal programs that track team finances, but that David’s alleged thefts could not have been prevented by any system.
+“In my opinion, when people are in positions of trust, betrayal is always a possibility,” Portanova said. “And that’s what this was, this was a sophisticated betrayal that occurred outside the (team’s internal security) system.”
+David’s possible crime went unnoticed for months. It wasn’t until a human resources executive opened a file called “Turbo Tax” belonging to David that team officials discovered the alleged misdeeds. By that time, David had already left the Kings for a job with the Miami Heat.
+Despite the attention the David affair received, Ranadive, Kolokotronis and Rinehart said the franchise did not hear from other sponsors that they were concerned about the team’s safeguards toward preventing a possible theft.
+“The way the team reacted, the way they brought in the FBI, the U.S. Attorney, I have nothing but the highest regard for my team here,” said Ranadive. While conducting its investigation, the FBI used the 14th-floor condo owned by Ranadive in the hotel and condo tower as its makeshift headquarters.
+Those condos have also been the subject of legal troubles. The Kings and their development partner, JMA Ventures, are locked in a court fight with their construction contractor over unpaid bills.
+Swinerton Builders, the San Francisco-based general contractor hired in 2014 to build the 16-story tower, has sued the Kings partnership group, saying it owes them and subcontractors $25.7 million. It contends the Kings and JMA made “radical” changes at the last minute to turn an ordinary hotel tower into a sculptural showpiece but failed to come to grips with the costs of doing so.
+The Kings and JMA group have filed their own $36 million lawsuit against Swinerton, saying the contractor mismanaged the project and its budget and failed to deliver the hotel on time. The Kings initially said the tower would be open in time for Golden 1 Center to host NCAA men’s basketball tournament games in March 2017, but the hotel wasn’t ready until several months later.
+“We have some lawsuits, but we feel confident we’ll put that behind us,” Ranadive said. “(The tower) has turned out great. I have full confidence in my team.”
+Another ‘rough season’
+For many Kings fans – among the most loyal in all of professional sports – the ownership group’s success is measured in wins and losses.
+The Kings are predicted to have another losing season this year. General Manager Vlade Divac told reporters in June the Kings are “a superteam, just young.” And the young squad received positive reviews for its performance in an opening night loss to the Utah Jazz, a playoff contender in the Western Conference.
+That game was a sellout. Attendance has not been an issue in recent years: The Kings reported Golden 1 Center was at 100.3 percent of capacity on average for their 41 home games last season, the second-highest attendance percentage in the NBA. Some fans purchase standing-room-only tickets offered by the team.
+Greg Wissinger, an editor at Sactown Royalty, a website that covers the Kings from a fan’s perspective, said the fan outlook for this season is “a mixed bag.”
+“It’s definitely less optimistic than it’s been in recent years,” he said. “The Kings are widely considered to be in for a rough season, another year of the rebuild. But we don’t have a draft pick to look forward to (because it was traded away). That’s kind of a staple of being a Kings fan, looking forward to next year’s draft.”
+Wissinger predicted attendance could decline this season if the Kings not only lose, but aren’t fun to watch.
+“I think fan enthusiasm is waning a little bit,” he said. “They could be bad and still be fun and it’s not a lost cause by any means. But the fact that the Kings are still here and we have Golden 1 Center, that bought leeway and I think that’s run out a little.”
+Penis Enlargement Medicine India Improve Sexual Performance
+Money Back Guarantee penis enlargement medicine india Tarotdoor male sexual erectile dysfunction Can You Treat Ed With Vitamins And Natural Ed Supplements, Enlargement Pumps And Extenders.
+Li Chunning, a corporate executive, Zhang Yuan s last roommate, especially the clothes are very good.
+It s nothing Lin Meier fluttered her hair and said charmingly, Go take a shower first Zhang Yuan scratched his head and said, Would you like to wash together I ll wipe my back Lin Meier said lightly He patted Zhang Yuan s dog s head lightly, giggled and said with a smile, You think beautifully Well then
+He opened the car door and saw that the scabbard was still inside.
+Zhang Yuan wanted to turn on the light, because he liked to turn on the light.
+Fire Phoenix said That s okay, if you have any requirements, penis enlargement medicine india feel free to mention them, and I will try my best what are the best male enhancement pills on the market today to satisfy you Requirements Zhang Yuan couldn t penis enlargement medicine india remember for penis enlargement medicine india a while, but he had a lot of questions, and said After we cooperate, if the Emperor Does Penis Enlargement Work? male sexual erectile dysfunction wants to kill me, will you help me Huo Fenghuang said My father is already dying, and I have no energy at all.
+Miss Xia is here Du Hong didn t react for a while, and said, Which Miss Xia Hong s eyes lit up, and he said, male enhancement dont wont mess with high blood pressure Who chased after her Spread my words, and you will be rewarded His subordinate said, No, she came here on her own initiative Huh Du Hong was even more surprised.
+Below the stage, there were hundreds of people around.
+This is also a piece of his heart. Now that he has said it, he feels more comfortable.
+Everyone is reading attentively, without the slightest murmur.
+Ye Tianjiao pondered, there was so much noise in her room, someone would definitely come, so she had to think of a reason in advance.
+Li Wei pondered for a moment and penis enlargement medicine india said, Let him be mad for a while, and then go to self study next night, penis enlargement medicine india drag him to the school gate, and beat him to death Walk
+Panpan s whole person was stupid, so she finally pulled Wei Xing to the shore.
+Zhang Yuan asked back, By the way, sister, erectile dysfunction com what s the matter with you and Qian Jiahao Why does his younger brother call you clear plactic vial silver cap male enhancement drug sister in law Lin Meier said angrily, The mouth Tarotdoor penis enlargement medicine india is on what doctor to go to for erectile dysfunction them, what are their names, I don t care penis enlargement medicine india Can you get it Zhang Yuan said, You haven t talked about it Lin Mei er rolled her eyes and said, Talk about you being a big bastard Sister, I need to look good and have a figure, so I can like him You little brat, you are really cheap and good After speaking, Lin Meier got up and said, I ll go to the bathroom.
+I m sorry, sister in law, I have to avenge Brother Hao Brother Hao loves you so much, you shouldn penis enlargement medicine india t mind going down to accompany penis enlargement medicine india him, right Right now The two erectile dysfunction obesity cartoon of china sex pills them flashed before their eyes Ouch The viper screamed in pain, and the dagger fell to the ground with a dang.
+Zhang Yuan said Yes, it s good. Hearing this, Liu Qing was a .
+Will viagra kill you?
+little surprised, and said, You mean, is the price acceptable Zhang Yuan nodded and said, Yes Liu Qing was very surprised.
+Although the Xia family didn t want to agree, Xia Mao er made up her Rhino Male Enhancement Pill penis enlargement medicine india mind.
+According to Qin Lan s level and Song Cheng s current offensive, there should be no problem in continuing to deal with Song Cheng for two or three months.
+But getting hurt and frightened is unavoidable. After a long time, Liu Qing and Li Chunning came back to their senses and realized what happened.
+So penis enlargement medicine india he got up straight penis enlargement medicine india Does Testosterone Affect Penile Size away and said, Let s talk about it most effective erectile dysfunction pill next time, alzare male enhancement let me forgive you once.
+Even Shen Bijun secretly came here several times to exchange information with Zhang Yuan.
+Zhang Yuan looked around and said, What a great penis enlargement medicine india place One greedy snorted coldly and said, What a fierce penis enlargement medicine india place Zhang Yuan puzzled What do you mean One greedy said This place, see you at Taniguchi.
+Such a beautiful girl, why do you have to do this Are you so short of money Back in the box, Zhang Yuan also took out his mobile phone and searched it out.
+After thinking about it for a while, Zhang Yuan went back to sleep.
+Looking down, Long Totem was actually snatched by Shen Bijun.
+Ye Tianjiao was speechless for a while, penis enlargement medicine india and explained with a blushing face, Didn t penis enlargement medicine india I tell you this afternoon, our group invested in some small companies, This is a new product produced by them, penis enlargement medicine india best herbal pills to cure erectile dysfunction penis enlargement medicine india Does Testosterone Affect Penile Size and I need to check it on penis enlargement medicine india Does Testosterone Affect Penile Size my side.
+Squeaky big female sexual arousal drug iron gates dodged left and right. A solemn and solemn aura came over him.
+Sam Xia said penis enlargement medicine india penis enlargement medicine india andro enhance male enhancement madly penis enlargement medicine india Viral X Pills If that s the case, let s go back to rest.
+And Cao Yan is also penis enlargement medicine india a member of the Cao clan. from her, or Let s hear something.
+You will do whatever you are asked to do, and you will answer truthfully whatever you ask.
+Zhang Yuan moved in his heart and hugged can i participate in eli lilly study on erectile dysfunction Ye Tianjiao How To Make Your Woman Want You Sexually penis enlargement medicine india penis enlargement medicine india tightly again.
+A plane is slowly taking off underfoot. What a big monster Lan Qi er gasped.
+As time passed by, the hearts of the four became colder and colder.
+I felt a little strange, and thought she had released the worm.
+There is penis enlargement medicine india also a place to stay when we go down to eat, but the conditions are a bit difficult.
+At this time, Lin Meier no longer considers herself penis enlargement medicine india to be her sister, but Zhang Yuan s little woman who needs to be cared for Zhang Yuan s eyes were straight, and he said with saliva Mei er, you are so beautiful Lin Mei er was a little proud, after all, Zhang Yuan is also a handsome man, and he is still so young It is definitely something worth showing off to be praised by such a small fresh meat.
+But I didn t expect that Qin Lan would actually kill the door now What s the situation fishing next set Zhang Yuan s brain is not enough.
+Xiao Yuan Xia Mao er threw herself on Zhang Yuan s shoulder and over the counter erectile dysfunction pills walgreens burst into tears.
+On the stone bench in the south, sat a blind man who described himself as despondent.
+Li Chunning then went over to change shoes and clothes, and said, You say it Liu Qing said Do you know penis enlargement medicine india about the White Dragon King Hearing this, Li Chunning was stunned for a moment, and then said, You
+I m going Zhang Yuan embraced the beauty without any best over the counter for ed psychological preparation.
+Ye Tianjiao tried her best to contain her excitement, looked at her daughter and said, Xiaomei, stand up Oh Xiaomei put Does Penis Enlargement Work? male sexual erectile dysfunction down her chopsticks obediently and stood up.
+But people have three urgency, and they can t hold back.
+It s hard Clap Yang Yinzhu slapped him when he went up and scolded You useless woman, you have the face to talk, go back to the room and stay honest Cao Yan felt wronged for a while.
+After all, young people, only eighteen years old, .
+Who sells viagra?
+when they are most angry.
+After a while, Zeng Rou suddenly said By the way, penis enlargement medicine india you are so powerful, why have I never seen you on the exam rankings Zhang Yuan said boldly I like to keep a low profile Zeng Rou believed it to be true.
+Shanhu Villa, located in the southern suburbs of Jiangnan City, took nearly an hour to drive from the city.
+Zhang Yuan and another uncle who went out to work, slept in the bottom bunk.
+Ever since he was bitten penis enlargement medicine india by Ono, Zhang Yuan s body has been shaking.
+But in the headset, there was no order from the top, she could only endure.
+Seeing Zhang Yuan staring at him in a daze, Qin Lan said, Xiao Zhang, is How To Make Your Woman Want You Sexually penis enlargement medicine india there anything else No Zhang Yuan quickly shook his head.
+I penis enlargement medicine india promise you are Xia Mao er pulled her little hand back in trepidation, feeling extremely proud, and said, Then from now on, you will be my assistant.
+Zhang Yuan said, Relax It hurts at first, just bear with it With that said, Jin Chan s Does Penis Enlargement Work? male sexual erectile dysfunction super powers began to penis enlargement medicine india work
+In other words, thirteen years have passed in the world Zhang Yuan has penis enlargement medicine india the heart to cry Your penis enlargement medicine india women, aren t they all getting penis enlargement medicine india Does Testosterone Affect Penile Size old But thinking about it, it shouldn t be so exaggerated, penis enlargement medicine india Does Penis Enlargement Work? male sexual erectile dysfunction because my women penis enlargement medicine india are all practitioners, and they have the Yang Yuan bodyguard of their own White Dragon King, so there is no problem in keeping their appearance and beauty.
+After recognizing Da Hei, the couple was angry at first, then fearful.
+As for Xia Ming, he was unconscious Zhao Sanqian glanced here and said, Is Sam Xia crazy Zhang Yuan pointed behind him and said, That s not it Zhao Sanqian turned back suddenly.
+Looking closely, it was Zhu Sanpao. Elder Zhu Feng Zhendong was shocked and said, This is
+Let s go He Qingsheng said Where to go One greedy said Wherever you go, it s penis enlargement medicine india Does Testosterone Affect Penile Size better than staying here He Qingsheng said You can t escape You don t know how powerful a clubhouse atenolol erectile dysfunction reversible can be.
+Pang Ting penis enlargement medicine india sat there as penis enlargement medicine india if he was asleep. Hu Lian er was excited and glanced back and forth on these penis enlargement medicine india young people.
+Zhang Yuan swayed left and right, standing unsteadily.
+Zhang Yuan thought, Wu Zetian in history must be the same type of woman do erection pills really work as her.
+His eyes, his expression also became pleasant, even pleasing.
+Fire Phoenix helped How To Make Your Woman Want You Sexually penis enlargement medicine india Zhang Yuan put on his clothes, Ji also put on a red dress and said, Let s go, I ll pick some peaches for you to eat, which will be of great benefit to improving your physique and improving your cultivation.
+Zhang Yuan wanted to spit fire and set Yang Yinzhu on fire.
+Hmph, I don t believe it. I m standing in front of you dressed like this, and then you can still be indifferent Xia Mao er looked in the mirror and took a beautiful picture before falling asleep at ease.
+Glad. Others exaggerated far, as if happier than complimenting herself, saying Okay, let s do this The female clerk was overjoyed and hurried to the counter to invoice.
+Shen Bijun said The fox is suspicious by nature, but it s not completely helpless.
+This kind of thought has almost become the same as breathing.
+Isn natural ways to increase sex drive male t this a bad thing Li Chunning is speechless This person is so shameless Liu Qing is ruthless Glancing penis enlargement medicine india at Wang Shuangjiang, he said, Chunning, don t be familiar with such people.
+Yiku followed behind Zhang Yuan male sexual erectile dysfunction Ingredients And Benefits: and got into the car together.
+The voice was getting closer and closer. Finally, Yang Yinzhu, who was covered in bandages and had a bruised nose and a swollen face, was standing at the door with a cane, looking at the two people inside with a shocked expression.
+Zhang Yuan screamed uncontrollably. Finally, the vortex stopped.
+At this moment, four people suddenly rushed out of a black Audi a6l sedan and forcibly grabbed Xiaomei.
+Ye Tianjiao thought that everything would be settled, but she Does Penis Enlargement Work? male sexual erectile dysfunction underestimated Yang Yinzhu.
+Zhang Yuan s heart moved when he saw it, and he said, Sure enough, women who work are the most beautiful At this time, Cao Yan said There have been a lot of strange things in the village recently.
+As soon as they left the hotel, an old aunt about fifty years old came over and shouted, Xiaohan Li Han turned penis enlargement medicine india Does Testosterone Affect Penile Size his face to look, stunned for a moment, and said, Mom, why are you here It turned out that this penis enlargement medicine india old aunt was actually Li Han s mother, Zheng Caixia.
+Although Hu Lian er is not afraid of Zhang Yuan s cultivation, but just now, he shot out spider silk again, and it s clinging to people, it s a bit weird If it wasn t for this fear, Hu Lian er would have done this long ago.
+A big tree, like a long sword to slash the waist, the yang energy is scattered and the yin energy Tarotdoor penis enlargement medicine india is gathered, there must penis enlargement medicine india be monsters breeding Zhang Yuan was shocked, and said Master, there are really monsters in this world Of course Greed said, A large part of the reason for the existence of the guild Tarotdoor penis enlargement medicine india hall is to deal with monsters and protect human beings.
+So much Ye Tianjiao groped her hands to the back, ready to take off the talisman.
+At least male sexual erectile dysfunction Ingredients And Benefits: this old lady, she answered herself. Zhang Yuan found another topic again and said, I heard that it took you only one day to comprehend the first stone tablet.
+You know, this piece of .
+What natural products can you use for impotence?
+jade was bought penis enlargement medicine india by myself for 250 yuan, and the seller said that wearing it on the body will bring great luck But this Taoist priest actually said that he had grievances Moreover, it was taken out of the chrysanthemum of the dead penis enlargement medicine india It is bearable, and it is unbearable Shi Panpan grabbed Wei Xing and said, Darling, don t be angry, don t know him in the same way I like it Wei Xing scolded a few more words before giving up.
+Seeing this, Cao Yan quickly Tarotdoor penis enlargement medicine india grabbed him. Yang Yinzhu said angrily, What are you doing Aiya At that time, Cao Yan was holding a large glass of wine in her hand, pretending to be careless, and poured it all on Yang Yinzhu s body.
+When I came up, I forgot to move it. Liu Qing said with an ah , I m sorry, I forgot too.
+Let s penis enlargement medicine india go, let s go. The two how soon is it safe to have sex after starting birth control pills left the manor penis enlargement medicine india and came to the valley where they fought penis enlargement medicine india at noon.
+participate in the National Quadathlon Competition , prepare yourself well these days, come on Zhang Yuan said Okay, since I promised you, I won t default on my debt Hu Jing said Let s just have fun.
+After a while, the two came to He Qingsheng s house, which was in the urban village in the urban area.
+You know, this is the eighty eighth floor Before they could penis enlargement medicine india Does Testosterone Affect Penile Size react, a nimble figure rushed over from the stairs like a wolf.
+As a little penis enlargement medicine india incense owner, her status is not enough to know those secrets.
+Zhang Yuan said So, if Yang Jinzhu saw Yang Yinzhu fall into the lake with his own eyes, .
+Impotence after prostate surgery what nerve?
+would Yang Yinzhu be completely dead Will no one be looking for him in the future Huh Cao penis enlargement medicine india Yan s eyes lit up and said It s really, penis enlargement medicine india but it seems that something is not right.
+But as soon as he finished speaking, he regretted it. Qin Lan is still hiding in the closet Xia Maoer should be changed, so Qin penis enlargement medicine india Does Testosterone Affect Penile Size Lan has time to escape.
+And if he Tarotdoor penis enlargement medicine india is greedy, Sun Zhiguo can t afford it even more This is the person Mr.
+What is it called, it s just fun. Ye Tianjiao looked at penis enlargement medicine india the cute alpaca, and then glanced at Zhang Yuan, her heart suddenly moved.
+Zhang Yuan said What do you mean You don t like me Ye Tianjiao didn t want to delay Zhang Yuan, but of course she didn t say that, and smiled Yes, I don t like you.
+Later, it was troublesome, so Zhang Yuan simply stopped sitting and stood in front of the bookshelf to read.
+Zhang Yuan said, I penis enlargement medicine india ll cover your body for you. Ye Tianjiao felt hot all over and said, It s not cold anymore.
+Of course, there was still expectation. When I opened the door, I saw Zhang Yuan, lying in his bed.
+I will withdraw after serving your glass. After saying this three times, Cao Jinchang glanced at him and picked up the wine glass.
+After the show, the face changing person went backstage.
+But the coffee was refreshing, and after drinking it, penis enlargement medicine india Does Testosterone Affect Penile Size she was even less sleepy.
+The sister and brother waited for twenty minutes before an old butler came to open the door.
+Liu Qing said What can t you say Speaking of which, you old man, after asking for a long time, couldn t say anything in the end, it wasn t intentional, right You neurological treatment for erectile dysfunction 71106 don t understand anything about feelings Ge Banxian said Don t do this trick, it s useless, I won t say anything, and I won t charge you Tarotdoor penis enlargement medicine india half a cent, let s go, I want to live a few more years.
+Said, pointed at Zhang Yuan, and said, But what penis enlargement medicine india if you colluded with him He Qingsheng didn t know about Zhang Yuan taking He Qingyi s blood, so he looked puzzled and said, What does the president mean
+This is pills to make erection last longer Pregnant Suddenly, Wang Shuangjiang seemed to have discovered something incredible, and How To Make Your Woman Want You Sexually penis enlargement medicine india laughed loudly It turned out to be not breaking up, but being dumped My stomach was made big and dumped again, hahaha
+Xiaoyuan, what should I do I seem to Does Penis Enlargement Work? male sexual erectile dysfunction have killed someone.
+Is it alright Zhang Yuan said Yes, yes, is l arginine helps for erectile dysfunction but penis enlargement medicine india Does Testosterone Affect Penile Size Zeng Rou said cautiously But what Zhang Yuandao There is meds for premature ejaculation an old saying the teacher of one word , I teach you so many words, you worship me as a teacher, is it not an exaggeration Zeng Rou smiled and said, You still want to be the master of the pioneering sect penis enlargement medicine india You guessed it right Zhang Yuan said, How about it, are you interested in being the chief disciple of my Seven Seconds Gang Tarotdoor penis enlargement medicine india Seven Seconds Gang Zeng Rou asked curiously, penis enlargement medicine india Does Testosterone Affect Penile Size Why is it called this Does Penis Enlargement Work? male sexual erectile dysfunction name In Zhang Yuan s mind, he thought of the first time between himself and Lin Mei er.
+Li Guozhong was reading a newspaper in the living room.
+Wu Gengxian hugged his daughter and said, Mr. Liu, please.
+Of course, the four of them refused to give up. They kept asking until it was dark, and finally found out that the boy and the Xia family had all gone to the Emperor Hotel.
+After a long time, the coins rolled back one by one. A greedy put away the copper coin, penis enlargement medicine india put it on the tip of the nose and smelled it fiercely.
+It seems that Yang Tiezhu came to trouble him this time, and it was all led by Yang Yinzhu This bad batch, people are lying penis enlargement medicine india at home and can t move, their hearts are still so bad Yang Tiezhu hurt Yang Yinzhu like that, so it is impossible for Yang penis enlargement medicine india Yinzhu not to hold grudges.
+It was about male sexual erectile dysfunction two meters deep, and the coffin inside was exposed.
+Even How To Make Your Woman Want You Sexually penis enlargement medicine india if we are even, there is no penis enlargement medicine india need to apologize to anyone Shui, you looked at Qianfu with a male sexual erectile dysfunction Ingredients And Benefits: cold brow and said that you were going to fire me, didn t I ask you to apologize in the end penis enlargement medicine india Does Testosterone Affect Penile Size Xia Mao er was startled again.
+She wanted to hide the sheets, but it was too late to hide it.
+Things are coming to an end. Unexpectedly, Huo Fenghuang changed his voice and penis enlargement medicine india said, But I don t mind having an act with you before marriage, do you mind Zhang Yuan Nima You don t mind a girl, what do I care about as a gentleman Zhang Yuan didn t zyflex male enhancement amazon know that in the celestial world, it was the exact opposite of the human world.
+But he was still an underage middle school student after all, and when he penis enlargement medicine india first encountered this situation, he felt a little at ease.
+So, could it be Li Chunning shook his head blankly, and vig rx ingredients said, It s How To Make Your Woman Want You Sexually penis enlargement medicine india unlikely, if it s true, it s impossible for me not to notice it at all.
+After a while, the girl became impatient and wanted to open the door to go out but then she found that the homemade pictures from penis enlargement remedy door could not be found.
+Ye, who do you think it is Ye Tianjiao sat up red spots around penis head straight and said Please penis enlargement medicine india get out, right now, right away He said, pulling his hand back.
+Seven days passed in a flash. This evening, when Cao Yan came back from shopping, she said with a worried expression Xiaoyuan, I just heard that your sister s construction site is not very peaceful.
+they were all waiting there, penis enlargement medicine india and even Li Han went with him as an accompanying doctor.
+However, seeing that Zhang Yuan was also there, Tarotdoor penis enlargement medicine india he breathed a sigh of relief and said, It s good if you come
+He is a doctor of medicine and he is young and promising.
+Then, sitting at the head of the bed, opened the black vial.
+After hanging up the phone, Ye Tianjiao said, Why, I have something to go out Zhang Yuan nodded and said, Yes Ye Tianjiao breathed a sigh of penis enlargement medicine india relief.
+Zhang Yuan wondered, Why do you say penis enlargement medicine india that One greedily said Because of the Cao family, I would never dare penis enlargement medicine india to offend Grandma Wu.
+Lao Feng Feng Zhendong said angrily What are you doing Ding Pei pointed at the four people on the opposite side and stumbled Look
+Their abilities were partially awakened. And male sexual erectile dysfunction Li Chunning was penis enlargement medicine india completely awakened by Zhang Yuan.
+A particularly well appointed individual detached house which has been stylishly and comprehensively modernised and refurbished by a well known local builder for own occupation. Enjoying a delightful location in the grounds of the historic Nash Manor and wide ranging views over it's own 1.5 acre paddock over Cowbridge to the East and to the Somerset Coastline to the South. Just a short drive into Cowbridge with its excellent local facilities including a wide range of shops both national and local, schools of excellent reputation for all ages, library, health centre, sporting and recreational facilities including; leisure centre, cricket club, squash club, bowls club etc. Cowbridge is a delightful market town situated in the heart of the rural Vale of Glamorgan with a heritage coastline just a few miles to the South. Easy access to the major road network brings major centres including the Capital City of Cardiff, Newport, Swansea, Bridgend, Llantrisant, etc. all within comfortable commuting distance. There are a choice of mainline railway stations at Cardiff and Bridgend and there is easy access to Cardiff Airport.
+Little Haven offers flexible accommodation with three bedrooms and three bathrooms on the first floor and two bedrooms and two bathrooms on the ground floor. This offers options for granny flat, additional living space etc. The location is an absolute delight providing an attractive blend of country living yet within easy access of the market town of Cowbridge.
+Entrance Porch: 17'9" x 8' Max. L- shaped. Pitched roof set on timber columns with boarded ceiling and timber floor.
+Entrance Hall: Glazed storm doorway with matching, full-height window alongside makes for a very pleasantly light entrance. Internal doorway to double garage.
+Cloakroom: Modern suite in white comprising 'Roca' low-level WC, wall to wall vanity unit with inset white wash-hand basin with cupboard under. Tiled splash back. Tiled floor. Opaque glazed window.
+Drawing Room: 26' x 19' Very large principal reception room enjoying delightful views over the garden and grounds with an 18 foot run of full height big pane windows with glazed double doors leading out to the rear terrace. Two further windows, flanking the fireplace, enjoy views over the front courtyard. The fireplace is fitted with a 'Hunter' cast iron wood burning stove set on a flagstone hearth.
+Dining Room: 14'6" x 12'3" Approach via glazed double doors from the entrance hall and open plan with the drawing room creating one extremely large entertaining space if required. Full height window overlooking the pretty rear courtyard. Recessed fireplace with flagstone hearth and timber mantle.
+Sitting Room: 12'9" x 8' Views over the rear courtyard.
+Inner Hall: 23'6" x 7' Traditional straight staircase to first floor.
+Kitchen/Breakfast/Living Room: 23'6 x" 15'3" narrowing to 11'9" The kitchen area features an extensive range of matching wall and base units finished in limed oak with white granite effect work surfaces and tiling and lighting between wall and base units. Features include built in fridge freezer with decor panel, built in Samsung drinks cooler, built in microwave, large Stoves Range with seven gas rings and two ovens and with filter in stainless steel canopy, built under Boshe dishwasher with decor panel, stainless steel 1.5 bowl sink unit, range of matching wall units, matching central island unit with work surface area and storage. Tiled floor. Big picture window overlooking the garden and grounds. Inset ceiling lighting and tiled floor stretches into the breakfast/living area. Built in dresser unit finished in cream stretching from floor to ceiling with a range of cupboards and shelves. Approached via glazed doorway with two matching side screens from the inner hall. Glazed double doors lead out to the rear terrace and to sitting area under glazed roof.
+Suite Bedroom Three: 19' x 14'9" inc. En-suite Glazed doorway with large matching glazed panels to either side lead out to the rear terrace and garden enjoying delightful views. Further window to side.
+Suite Bathroom Three: Suite comprising low-level WC, wide dished basin with pillar tap and cupboards under and oversized tiled shower cubicle with glass door. Tiled floor. Walls fully tiled. Inset ceiling lighting. Opaque glazed window. Wall mounted radiator/towel rail.
+Suite Bedroom Four: 13'9" x 11'9" inc. En-suite Enjoying double aspect with windows on two sides.
+Suite Bathroom Four: Modern suite in white comprising; low-level WC, block wash-hand basin with pillar tap, tiled shower cubicle with glazed door and fitted with both rainfall shower and hand shower. Fully tiled floor and walls. Inset ceiling lighting. Wall mounted radiator/towel rail. Extractor.
+Landing: Easy graded straight stairway from inner hall. Pitched and beamed 8'9" high ceiling.
+Master Suite Bedroom 1: 16' x 14'6" max. Slightly L- shaped. Big picture window enjoying wonderful views over the gardens, paddock, fields beyond and towards the Somerset coastline. 10' run of fitted wardrobes. Fitted chest of drawers and cupboards. Inset ceiling lighting. Ceiling part pitched and beamed .
+Master Suite Bathroom 1: 11'6" x 8' Another beautifully fitted bathroom again finished in white and comprising vanity unit stretching around on three walls with plenty of cupboard space under, incorporating wash hand basin and Creavit low-level WC. Tiled shower cubicle with glazed doorway and glazed side screen. Inset ceiling lighting. Opaque glazed window. Walls and floor fully tiled.
+Suite Bedroom Two: 16' x 11'3" Enjoying the same delightful views as the master suite over the gardens and grounds etc. Beamed ceiling. Inset ceiling lighting. Three door run of tall cupboards.
+Suite Bathroom Two: 8' x 8'3" Luxury modern suite in white comprising low-level WC, wall to wall vanity unit with cupboards under and incorporating wash-hand basin, walk-in shower cubicle with glazed side panels. Slate tiled floor with walls similarly part tiled. Inset ceiling lighting. Opaque glazed window. Wall mounted radiator/ towel rail. Four door shelved airing cupboard.
+Bedroom Five: 11'6" x 8'6" A flexible room currently used as an office/ study. Enjoying the same wide ranging views as bedrooms 1 and 2. Double doors from landing. Access to under eaves storage space.
+Bathroom Five: 12'9" x 8' Luxury modern suite in white comprising panelled bath set in tiled surround, low level WC and wash hand basin set in 12'9" long vanity unit with plenty of cupboard space under. Walls tiled to dado. Tiled floor. Extractor. Opaque glazed window. Inset ceiling lighting.
+Outside: A particularly impressive entrance as you turn off Nash Manor cross roads through the gates that lead to Nash Manor. Down the long driveway with woods to either side and turn left at the end just before the entrance into Nash Manor. Follow this private driveway as it gently winds its way past a number of individual detached houses and the last property you come to on the left hand side is Little Haven. There is a large front courtyard (about 50' x 26') laid to brick paviors with high stone wall to one side plenty of space for numerous cars and leading to the attached double garage (19' x 18') with roller shutter door, internal doorway to entrance hall, rear door and window, pitched roof, electric light and power, oil fired central heating boiler which heats the central heating system and domestic water supply. Pathway to the side of the house leads to the attractive rear courtyard laid principally to Cotswold gravel with pathways around a spiral tree with seating around. On two sides of the courtyard is an L- shaped range of workshops and store rooms comprising workshop (15'6 x 7'9 x 8"6'6) with timber double doors, two pedestrian doors and three windows. Electric light and power. Store Room (8' x 8') with double doors and lighting. Store Room (8' x 6'6") doorway and window. Electric light. Log store. Oil storage tank.
+Gardens: The principle gardens are to the South and laid to lawn with feature stone wall to the side and shrubbery borders. A low rear wall allows views over the adjoining paddock. Double gateway from the front courtyard leads to a Cotswold gravel driveway which skirts the side of the garden and leads to the rear paddock. The paddock extends to approximately 1.5 acres and is laid to grass with mature trees at the bottom of the paddock. There are delightful views over the surrounding countryside and to the east there is a lovely view over the town of Cowbridge and beyond. Situated in the paddock is a timber stable block which is on skids so can be moved around the paddock. It comprises two loose boxes each 14' x 12' either side of the central area (14' x 8'6") open at either end with pitched roof, paved floor and power. Running right across the back of the property is an attractive terrace with varying widths and with access via glazed doors in the drawing room, kitchen/breakfast room and bedroom three. A delightful southerly spot to sit and enjoy this lovely location.
+Services: Mains water and electricity. No gas. Central heating by oil. Private drainage. Double glazed.
+Planning Permission: There is a lapsed planning permission to extend over the garage. Full details available from the office.
+Directions: From our office at 67 High Street turn right and proceed up the high street to the end and turn left onto the Llantwit Major road. Proceed out of Cowbridge passing the Cross Inn on your left hand side. Immediately before stopping at the junction with the Llysworney to Llantwit Major road turn left through the gates into Nash Manor and follow the directions as above in the beginning of .
+First Draft done at 4:29PM PST on 3-17-10
+Ezreal The Prodigal Explorer
+Note: This is an AP build. I've found that, by maxing Ezreal's AP and buying Lichbane to allow Mystic Shot to capitalize on it, you can do some pretty sweet damage. By contrast, relying on increased attack speed and damage, You can do some damage, but you can't take advantage of Ezreal's abilities as well. A heal for 275 is nice, but a heal for 600 is game-changing, especially when it hits 3 of your party members in the middle of a team-fight.
+Disclaimer: I make no claims that this is in any way the 'right' build for Ezreal. Ezreal, as of the writing of this guide, has been out for a single day. This guide's purpose is to give players a starting point when playing Ezreal, if wanted, based on my findings of the strongest way to play him. I've tried a number of different item builds and playstyles, and this is what works for me. Read on:
+Stats:
+Health: 430 + 80/level
+Health Regen: 6/5 seconds + .5/level
+Mana: 280 + 45/level
+Mana Regen: 4/5 seconds + .5/level
+Base Damage: 47 + 3/level
+Attack Speed: .66 + .02/level
+Range: 550
+Armor: 12 + 3.5/level
+Magic Resist: 30
+Dodge: 0
+Crit Chance: 3% + .5%/level
+Movement Speed: 300
+Note: Stats were determined by looking at base stats at levels 1 and 3. They may be slightly off.
+Story.
+Skills
+Ezreal is known to be the skill-shot champion. Three of his four skills are skill-shots. If you don't know what this means, it means that, rather than choosing a skill and clicking on an enemy to target that enemy with the skill, you choose a skill, and then choose a direction. The skill will travel in a straight line until it hits a target, at which point it will generally affect that target and stop. Mystic Shot works in this way. Essence Flux and Trueshot Barrage are different in that they continue through the enemy to hit other enemies (or allies) behind.
+Skill shots can be difficult to use if you're not used to them. For that reason, I recommend choosing a different champion if you're new to League of Legends. However, if you feel you're up to the task, read on:
+Passive - Rising Spell Force - Hitting a target with any of Ezreal's abilities increases his attack speed by 15% for 5 seconds (Max Stacks: 5).
+Thoughts: Useful in combination with Mystic Shot, especially when pushing a tower. Shoot a minion whenever you get a chance with Mystic shot, and keep increasing your attack speed up to a whopping 75%, with no item bonuses. In this build, that's all it's really useful for, other than bonuses to farming. Note it has a 5 second duration, so you must use another ability within 5 seconds to keep stacking it.
+Mystic Shot - Ezreal fires a bolt of energy, if it strikes an enemy unit it reduces all of Ezreal's cooldowns by 1 second.
+Deals 40/60/80/100/120(+0/AP) damage plus attack damage, plus on-hit effects.
+6/5.5/5/4.5/4 second cooldown.
+Mana cost 30/35/40/45/50.
+Thoughts: The bread-and-butter to this character. Useful for farming, harassing, and in general supplementing your physical attacks. It has a huge range. We're talking, hit-people-hiding-behind-the-turret range. At a measly 30 mana (at level 1, which is where I recommend leaving it until level 14), you should be spamming this every chance you get. Your first skill point should go here.
+Additionally, this skill reduces the cooldown of all your abilities by one second every time it hits an enemy. That means, when you're spamming it every 4 seconds, you can potentially reduce the cooldown of your ultimate by 20 seconds. If you shoot it twice, you've reduced the cooldown of your Arcane shift by two seconds. It's a very nice bonus.
+Essence Flux - Ezreal fires a fluctuating wave of energy, damaging and reducing enemy champions attack speed, as well as healing and increasing allied champions attack speed.
+75/125/175/225/275(+.6/AP) damage/heal and 20%/25%/30%/35%/40% haste/slow.
+10 second cooldown.
+Mana Cost 80/90/100/110/120.
+Thoughts: Useful for healing your allies fairly substantially, as well as providing an additional damage skill. It can also be game changing in a team fight to slow the enemy while simultaneously hasting your own. Unfortunately, this skill DOES NOT slow movement speed, only attack speed, but it does so to a fairly large amount. It slows and hastes for 5 seconds. Note that this skill does not stop on the first target it hits. The trick with this skill, since it has a shorter range than Mystic shot, is to line yourself up to hit as many people as possible. Luckily, while mystic shot has a rather narrow blast, Essence Flux is wider, so may be easier to hit more people.
+Arcane Shift - Ezreal teleports to a target nearby location and fires a homing arrow which strikes the nearest enemy unit.
+80/130/180/230/280(+.75/AP) damage.
+17/15/13/11/9 second cooldown
+Mana Cost 100.
+Thoughts: This is Ezreal's all-in-one awesome skill. It's a mini flash (I believe flash has a slightly longer range, but still), combined with a 280+ damage homing missile. This is the single one of Ezreal's skills that is not a skill-shot, but still does require some experimenting with in order to hit your target.
+See, the homing missile always hits the target closest to the point at which you flash, whether that's minion, champion, or neutral monster. This is the skill you will want to use to get last hits on enemy champions, and the first skill you want to max (for the damage and decreased cooldown).
+This skill will save your butt so many times, it's uncanny. Just think of how annoying it is to finally corner an enemy, when they flash over a jungle wall and lose you. The downside to flash is that it has a ridiculously long cooldown, so you need to save it for occasions when you really need it. You don't need to save this skill. It has a 9 second cooldown by the time you turn level 9 (further reduced with cooldown runes and masteries). If you see a gank attempt in the works, Arcane Shift away and run. In 9 seconds, Arcane Shift even farther away. If they haven't caught/stunned you before your second shift, you're home free.
+Trueshot Barrage - Ezreal channels for 1 second to fire a powerful barrage of energy missiles which do massive damage to each unit they pass through (deals 8% less damage to each unit it passes through).
+350/500/650(+1/AP) damage.
+100 second cooldown.
+Mana Cost 150.
+Thoughts: This is an AMAZING ultimate. Think Ashe's Crystal Shot meets Twitch's Spray and Pray. After a 1 second channeling period, it releases an arc-shaped blast, roughly two champions wide, that travels in a straight line through everything until it reaches the edge of the map. If you line this up correctly, you can turn the tide of a team battle from base, while farming up tons of creep kills. It hits enemies in a wide swath.
+I've found that it's easiest to shoot down the lane, rather than cross-lane, and hit two or three champions at the same time. With +1Damage/AP, this skill can deal some SERIOUS pain. It can easily last-hit groups of enemies, or soften up the majority of their team before a team fight, making them run away (which, many times, leads to your team getting 2-3 kills as they run).
+Skill Order:
+I recommend levels 1, 2, and 3 to be
+1: Q, Mystic Shot
+2: E, Arcane Shift
+3: W, Essence Flux
+Then:
+Trueshot Barrage > Arcane Shift > Essence Flux > Mystic Shot
+R > E > W > Q
+Runes
+Runes will largely depend on what you already own. I've listed my personal rune page, with the reasoning underneath. Runes are largely a matter of personal preference, so go with whatever you feel like.
+Marks - Magic Penetration
+Thoughts: You're a mage. You want to hit HARD. Magic penetration is best on Marks.
+Seals - Dodge
+Alternately Mana Regeneration
+Thoughts: I stick with dodge runes because they seem to be the best bang-for-your-buck for playing multiple characters. You can get 6-7% chance dodge with no other items or masteries, which means, overall, you take 6-7% less melee damage. That sounds almost like a free 21th mastery point in the defensive tree to me.
+I've heard of people putting mana regeneration runes here, but I don't. You shouldn't be having mana issues (with no mana regen items), except at the very beginning of the game, and that can be managed by conservation of your mana-expensive skills.
+Glyphs - Cooldown Reduction
+Thoughts: This brings your Arcane Shift cooldown close to 8 seconds, your Trueshot Barrage down to ~90 seconds, etc. Coupled with the cooldown reduction from Mystic Shot, your cooldowns will be far shorter than they sound.
+Quintessences - Health
+Alternately, perhaps Magic Penetration?
+I'm personally a fan of flat health runes. 2 of them (I haven't bought my 3rd yet, but I will), give you an extra 65 health at the beginning. When you start with <500 health, it's nice to have a little bonus to survive that first blood attempt.
+I haven't experimented with anything else yet.
+Summoner Spells
+Summoner spells are, I've found, more than any part of the game, user preference. That said, I will comment on my preferences.
+Flash - While Ezreal already has a flash skill, I still like Flash. Why? First, because of times when you get stuck/stunned. Having a flash flash allows you to flash away after being stunned, and then when you're able to use abilities again, you can flash away again. If you only had one flash, they could catch up to you while you're stunned and you'd be dead before you know it.
+Second, because of the chasing abilities. There have been many many times I've been chasing someone and they've been at 2% health, and I just couldn't get the final hit. With Ezreal, his Arcane Shift homing arrow is a mini nuke, so if you can target the enemy with it, they are likely dead. That said, if there are minions around, it's likely the shot will hit one of them, and be wasted. The enemy champion gets back behind the turret, and the opportunity is lost. With Flash and Arcane Shift, you can flash to get close, then Arcane Shift for the kill, or Shift ahead and then blast your other shots at him (or her) for even more damage.
+Teleport - You're squishy. You're likely to take a few hits and be at half-health. If you stay out at half-health, you're just asking for someone with a nuke to take you out. So go back to base, get your next item, and heal up. Then teleport back to the fray.
+You can also use teleport to change lanes quickly, Arcane Shift in, and get a quick kill.
+Other Summoner spells worth mentioning:
+Perhaps Exhaust, for slowing pursuers or slowing the guy you're chasing. Not to mention, it effectively disables any melee dps for 3 seconds (blind is awesome). I haven't tested this yet.
+I'll update this section if people post reasons for using other summoner spells.
+Masteries
+Ideally, at level 30, you will probably want to go a 9/0/21 build to capitalize on all the reduced cooldowns, sacrificing the 5% bonus damage for all the other goodies in the utility tree. Most of the offensive spells (except for Archaic Knowledge, Sorcery, and Archmage's Savvy) are more-or-less useless, as we'll be relying on abilities and ability power to kill stuff.
+Spelled out:
+Utility:
+Spatial Accuracy (1/1) (or Good Hands if you don't choose Teleport)
+Perseverence (3/3)
+Expanded Mind (4/4)
+Meditation (3/3)
+Utility Mastery (2/2)
+Quickness (3/3)
+Blink of an Eye (1/1) (if you didn't choose Flash, pick something else)
+Intelligence (3/3)
+Presence of the Master (1/1)
+Offense:
+Archmage's Savvy (3/3)
+Deadliness (1/3) (or Cripple if you chose Exhaust)
+Sorcery (4/4)
+Archaic Knowledge (1/1)
+However, at lower levels, you don't have enough points to reach the bottom of the utility tree and halfway up the offensive tree, and since the 15% cooldown reduction on summoner spells 21th utility mastery is of limited use to us (we're accepting that flash and teleport have long cooldowns, and we vary our playstyle accordingly), it may be more beneficial to push up the offensive tree first. I'm at level 25, and I've been playing most of my games with a 21/0/4 build, putting points in Spatial Accuracy and Perseverence. I've been able to handle my mana issues. I will experiment with a 4/0/21 build and update this guide if I find the extra mana and mana regen bonus to be helpful.
+Items
+The part you've all been waiting for ...
+To start, buy a sapphire crystal and two health potions. Then go beat up some minions.
+Try to stay out long enough to purchase an amplifying tome (20 AP) and turn it and the sapphire crystal into sheen. If you have enough gold, buy two health and two mana potions. Buy one of each if you don't have enough.
+1) Sheen - this synergizes incredibly well with Mystic Shot, which you should be spamming at 30 mana per shot. Since Mystic Shot procs on-hit effects, this adds major bonus damage to your Mystic Shot. The mana from this item should be all you need for the rest of the game, if you learn to conserve mana.
+If you were forced back to base before you have enough to buy Sheen, buy the amplifying tome and first-tier boots, and any potions you are able.
+If you did get Sheen, try to stay out long enough to afford Sorcerers Boots. In a game heavy with stuns, it may be smart to opt for Mercurial Treads instead, but in general, Sorcerers Boots give you the 20 magic penetration that will make your attacks do much more damage.
+2) Sorcerer's Boots - Bonus damage for casters.
+After this, I like to go for Mejai's Soulstealer. The biggest trick to using this is to NOT DIE. Even if all you can do is get assists in team fights, this will ramp up and give you huge AP bonuses by the end of the game. Also, it only costs 1235 gold.
+3) Mejai's Soulstealer - More damage output.
+At this point, you should be working with your team on ganking enemy players. This will begin to give Mejai's a nice little bonus, whether you get the last hit or not. While AP gives bonuses to your W,E, and R abilities, it does nothing for Mystic Shot. But wait, Mystic Shot procs spell effects on hit. Well, then we should probably upgrade Sheen to Lichbane, to increase the damage done per shot of mystic shot to our AP total.
+1) Sheen -> Lichbane - Major damage increase to Mystic shot, magic resist, and AP bonus
+We want to capitalize on our AP as much as possible, so at this point, we want to start working towards a Zhonya's Ring.
+4) - Zhonya's Ring - 120 AP + increase our AP by 25%, WOW. Plus, the new active ability, to turn Ezreal into a gold statue for two seconds (taking no damage, but not allowing him to do anything either), is amazing for surviving gank attempts where everyone launches their ult at once. You can simply not take the damage, then flash away once it's over.
+At this point, you should have so much AP you should be taking off large chunks of the enemy's life bar every hit. Don't get too careless though, you're still majorly squishy. So, lets add a little AP, a lot of health, and a little slowing ability.
+5) Rylai's Crystal Scepter - Health to help you survive, even more AP, and a slowing ability on each of your abilities. Since they all (minus your ult) have relatively low cooldowns, you should be able to slow-chase any enemy at this point.
+6) Your Preference - Based on how the game is going, get Banshees, Warmogs, whatever you want. You could even get another Zhonya's if you want to max out your AP (although the 25% bonus doesn't stack)
+Thoughts: This is an AP build, and as such, we want to maximize your AP as early as possible. That may mean getting Mejai's before Sorcerer's boots. Alternately, if your team isn't doing too well, Mejai's may not help, so you could build Rylai's as item #3 to give you more survivability. You are going to be probably the squishiest character on the map, so be prepared to duck and run if someone starts targeting you. That's what Flash + Arcane Shift is for. You should perfect this maneuver, as it's the only thing that will keep you alive. Your job on the battlefield is to stand behind your teammates throwing blasts into the fray, healing allies with Essence Flux, and occasionally bumping up to throw a harassing Mystic Shot at the milling enemy team.
+Strategy
+The strategy I propose is not an aggressive strategy. While I give what I get, I don't usually try for first blood or champion kills until later. That said, if they present themselves, I don't hesitate.
+At level 1, put one point into mystic shot and grab your items, and head to your lane. Ezreal can take mid just fine, although I haven't tested him against all possible opposing champions. His huge range on mystic shot can allow him to harass the enemy, and his attacks are ranged, letting him farm decently. One of the things I've noticed, is that, compared to a champion like ryze, the time between when you click to 'attack' a minion and when the champion actually throws the attack is relatively small on Ezreal. That makes it much easier to last-hit minions, something that is vital to playing almost any champion well.
+Whether you take mid or not, the strategy should be basically the same. Sit behind your minions and farm. When you get a chance to harass the enemy, give them a Mystic Shot to the face. You out-range pretty much any champion, so you can stay pretty safe. If they're hiding in the minions, don't worry about it. Use Mystic Shot to help with last-hits. It does considerably more than regular attacks, for only 30 mana, and has a super-low cooldown. Just don't waste it if you can't get a last-hit or a champion hit off it.
+At level 2, put a point into Arcane Shift, so you can run or chase as needed (more likely, so you can run, but you never know). Keep harassing/farming
+3rd level, one in Essence Flux. Don't heal your lane partner unless you're in the middle of a gank attempt (them ganking you), and he's about to die. He bought potions (or should have). You have limited mana. 30 mana per Mystic Shot lasts a while, but if you start casting Essence Flux or Arcane Shift, you will run out FAST. That said, if you get into a hard team fight, it will be nice to have a 3rd skill to do damage with/heal your partner, so get this one now.
+Dump as many points from here on into arcane shift, eith the exception at level 6 for Trueshot Barrage. If you hit 6 and an enemy is less than 350 hp, charge it up and let it loose. At best, you'll get a kill. At worst, you'll get a bunch of minion kills and force the champion back to base (you did line it up to hit minions too, didn't you?). If they stick around their turret after that, use Mystic shot to get the kill. Don't tower dive for it. Stay back and use Mystic Shot. The tower will make VERY short work of you.
+You should be able to stay out until around level 6, longer if things are going well. When you get enough gold for Sheen, go back to base, heal, buy it, and teleport right back. Don't stop farming and harassing for more than 15 seconds. Plus, you don't want to stop getting XP. You hopefully have some health and mana potions now, which lets you be a little looser with your W and E attacks, but not much. You're still sitting on a low mana pool.
+With the harassing you're doing your team is hopefully pushing their turret down in health little by little each time, even if you (and your lane partner, if you're top or bottom) don't really get a chance to hit it. Once their turret is gone, start teaming up with other lanes to try to get assists and kills. You should have your Sorcerer's Boots now, and be working on Mejai's. If you're low on health, but not mana, run back to base and kill some neutral monsters on the way back for more gold. Once you get Mejai's it is critical that you NOT DIE. Stand in the back and harrass the heck out of the enemy, trying to get assists. If you see an enemy close to death, feel free to run in and Arcane Shift to get the kill, but only if you can get out again. Once you have mejai's, 5 assists gives you 40 AP. That's enough you're going to start wanting Lichbane to make that AP bonus affect your Mystic Shot too.
+You should be level 10-14 now, with a few stacks on Mejai's, maybe ~100 AP.
+Stay at the back of the pack. Throw an Essence Flux in to heal/damage as needed, but only if people get close. Otherwise, just keep throwing mystic shots in and wait until you can Arcane Shift in for a kill. If you can Ult, try to line up to hit multiple champions and a long line of creeps. If you hit one enemy, they'll run back. If you hit 3 enemies, they'll all run back, and you'll get to chase with Arcane Shift (which should do a nice punch by now), hopefully getting a kill.
+When you hit level 11, you get your level 2 Trueshot Barrage. This is when it starts getting good. From your spawn, a shot directly at their spawn, will hit every enemy minion on the middle lane. At 500 Damage + 100 Damage from AP This will rack you up a couple hundred gold easy. If there are enemy champions in the middle lane (most team fights happen on the middle lane), even better. You take out a HUGE chunk of their health. If you can teleport to the middle of the map afterwards and capitalize on the minions that survived at 50 health, you can rack up another couple hundred gold. Plus, if you're spamming Mystic Shot all over the place (you should have plenty of mana to sustain everything now), your ult will cooldown way faster. A 100 second cooldown is long, but if you bring it down below 90 seconds with masteries and runes, and mystic shot 15 times, that's a 75 second cooldown. That's pretty fast for how powerful it is. If you don't have a shot at champions, but there's a huge creep wave, go ahead and get the creeps. You'll have your ult back before you know it.
+From levels 14-18, you want to make sure you stay way back in team fights. You're the heavy artillery on your team. You've got range and damage, and a kick-erm-butt escape mechanism if they start coming your way.
+Hope you liked the guide.
+First Draft done at 4:29PM PST on 3-17-10
+well since that did come off a little snotty, i apologize.
+How many games played do you have with ez? under 20 i'd presume? Did you play him on the test realm? This champion is far to fresh to suggest guides to people , the guy has been out a day.
+again sorry if i came off like a jerk, just that you hadn't began to put in the time writing the guide at that point.
+I've played 7 games with him so far. I'm level 25, 104 wins, 94 losses (as of writing), and will 100% completely admit that I am not as experienced with Ezreal as other people may already be or will be soon.
+I just know that, since there are no guides out yet, I spent my first few games experimenting with items/strategies, etc. For me personally, it would have been nice to have someone point me in a direction (right or wrong) for my first few games. For other champions, there are multiple guides for different builds and strategies. I'm just adding mine.
+I'm going to continue, and we'll see if it makes a good guide or not.
+Well so far youre off to a good start, but 7 games probably isnt quite enough to get a great idea of him. Im still interested in seeing your item suggestions and things, since i only have 2 games with him so far.
+Id like to see a possible skill build, summoner spells(and why), items, etc.
+For all future readers:
+All comments posted above until this point were posted while my guide was in the process of being written. The first draft is now done, and I would greatly appreciate any constructive feedback you all can give me.
+Let me know if you find success with different masteries/runes/spells/items, or if you have a different playstyle, and I will update the guide accordingly.
+I'll try to keep this guide up to date for awhile. If I update the guide, I will always post a date so that people know how up-to-date the guide is.
+::grumble at guides from September, totally outdated::
+Thanks
+- Jeremy
+© 2013 Riot Games, Inc. All rights reserved. Riot Games, League of Legends and PvP.net are trademarks, services marks, or registered trademarks of Riot Games, Inc.
+They had it all. The perfect name. The perfect themes. The perfect melodies. They had everything needed to become a household name in black metal...
+This is the debut full length by Ragnarok, a band that, while not exactly unknown, is better known for two things: Their latter albums and Hoest. Which is to say, they're only better known for their latter albums. And while most people seem to like everything they did from their third album onwards, reviling their debut for being naïve and unoriginal, or disregarding it altogether as a bandwagon jumping copycat, riding the wave of success of better known bands, those responsible for the birth of the subgenre itself.
+I disagree in many respects.
+First off, the obvious: If a band like Nokturnal Mortum, Nargaroth or even classics like Darkthrone and Gorgoroth were to release an album that sounds exactly like this one today, it'd be revered as the saviour of the genre, a wonderful and flawless piece of true Norwegian black metal, a back-to-the-roots album, the kind of which everyone seems to love (I myself prefer progression, change and evolution, but hey, that's just me). So why was this album thoroughly ignored back when it came out? There could be a number of reasons. They weren't from Bergen or even Oslo, they didn't have the endorsement of well known names in Norwegian metal like a lot of bands did back then, and they started as a black metal band instead of making the transition from death to black, as most of the classic acts did. This could be seen as definite proof that they belong to the "second wave" of Norwegian black metal, but I can't help asking, what, exactly is wrong with that? A number of fine bands came from this second wave. Think of all the amazing debuts that came out between 1994 and 1996! From Enslaved to Borknagar to Ulver to In The Woods, from Gorgoroth to Forgotten woods to lesser known acts such as Sort Vokter and Ved Buens Ende...., even outside of Norway the genre was blossoming with the amazing debuts of bands like Falkenback, Arckanum and Summoning, to name a few. This was a very exciting moment for black metal, and since the first wave was only starting to cool down, the possibilities within the genre were endless. And it's within this context that I now move on to talk about this album. Sorry for the long introduction.
+What we have here is a big chunk of true norwegian black metal that could have only been released in that particular place, during that particular period of time. But it's no regular black metal, as I've been hinting. In fact this album ends up being more adventurous and original than, say, Gorgoroth's or even Dimmu Borgir's (lay off, their first two albums are great) debut. This was, and this is no minor detail, one of the very first Norwegian black metal bands to focus on the "Norwegian" aspect of the genre. Sure, Burzum took the first step by ditching english lyrics in favour of his native tongue, and Enslaved's first two albums, both released in 1994, were arguably the beginning of Viking Black metal (not to be confused with viking metal; that honour goes to Bathory, obviously), but overall this was a period more concerned with being so evil and dark and satan and moon cemetery fog rain funeral death rargh. It was about this time when the lyrics and melodic motifs took a turn for the nordic, and Ragnarok was there, first in line along with Enslaved, Ulver and Borknagar, to bring down the hammer on satan in favour of norse themes both in the lyric department and the music department.
+The guitars have a wonderful, thick and fuzzy tone, and the drums resonate with a slight echo as if from a distance. The bass follows the guitars as a hovering presence, giving the sound that extra depth which holds the music together. The use of keyboards is notable, although not overbearing, much like early Enslaved. They offer an aura of antiquity and ancestral mystery, if I'm allowed to be cheesy for a moment. The catchy and hypnotically repetitive riffs offer a different perspective on the usual minimalistic tremolos of the time, courtesy of Transylvanian Hunger (not that it was a bad thing, but it did inspire a myriad of shitty bands), both when blastbeats are a-blasting and when the midtempo passages make their appearance. These turn out to be a highlight. The composition clearly showcasing a folkloric shade that really makes the album. The sadly scarce but still remarkable use of acoustic/clean guitars, tribal drumming and wind instruments (most likely keyboards, but they work very well) only strengthens this idea.
+As long as you're not part of the prejudiced crowd that has decided for some reason to hate this album, many times without having even listened to it, the moment the first metal track comes on (Pagan Land), you'll be washed away by a storm of blastbeats and memorable riffs that, along with the mid-tempo, keyboard-aided passages and epic, almost naval rhythms (that remind me of early Burzum), set the mood for most of the album. Changes in tempo are considerably constant, avoiding stagnation, and the riffs often don't change with the drumming, which makes for a very interesting phenomenon; experiencing the same riff in different tempos and sometimes time signatures. It's odd and rewarding to hear a 4/4 riff working just as nicely in 3/4, for example. The drummer knows how to keep things interesting, while playing in a very primitive and tribal-esque fashion. I love the way the toms and the snare sound, and the snare is usually an issue for me. It has to be strong enough to inject blastbeating with energy, but not too loud or too thin, because then it becomes a distraction.
+Vocals, which is something I've neglected so far, are very decent. Nothing too special, of course, but they're tailor made for the music. They remind me of Hat (early Gorgoroth) but with a deeper, more growly voice. His tone blends in with the guitars rather well, helping the hypnotic mood of the music. Everything, in fact, seems to be in tune, within a very similar range, which prevents any instrument from becoming overbearing or getting lost in the mix. That is, except for the bass. It's possibly the only thing on the mix that should have been given a bit of extra volume. But then again, this was part of the course for black metal back then. It's still audible, and while it follows the guitar most of the time, it has a few interesting tricks under its sleeve. It's also crucial thanks to that extra level of depth it gives to the guitars. All it needs is an attentive listener. As do the keyboards at times. They're not exactly hidden, but they only appear during crucial times. Thankfully they're very soft and ethereal, which means tat while they're very much audible, they disturb absolutely no one. Guitars and drumming are the focus of the music overall, with vocals and keyboards working together to enrich textures and accompany the flow of the faster paced passages. The keyboards are also in charge of offering the occasional folkloric melody that either accompanies the guitar or stands by itself. This is a very important part of the album's overall spirit, as I've perhaps made clear, but will keep repeating until you fucking get it.
+There's a general sense of epicness scattered along the album, especially in the last metal track, conveniently titled Ragnarok, which describes the events that are to go down after the three year winter. It's epic, addictive and fairly emotional. I dare you not to headbang to that double bass and catchy keyboards. The opener and closer are also wonderful examples of this epic, cold and utterly nordic vibe the album holds. Especially the closer, which bears the name of the album. It starts with an acoustic guitar painting a melody that could have been penned by Ruun era Enslaved, followed by a progression of tribal percussion and ethereal keyboards. Eventually after the composition reaches a climax it revers back to guitar, and then a fade out bids us farewell. It evokes a strong image of fjords and thick forests, a dark starry night illuminated by the faint glow of a dying bonfire.
+I have little more to say. This band offered a flawless debut of pure, unadultered, True Norwegian Black Metal in 1995, a time when the revindication of all things nordic in metal was still a new and exciting idea, and what better place than Norway, and what better genre than black metal, to celebrate norse mythology, folklore and tradition? They had it all. The perfect name. The perfect themes. The perfect melodies. They had everything needed to become a household name in black metal. So what happened? Was it the admittedly cheesy cover art? Was the album eclipsed by the also admittedly more incredible debuts by Enslaved, Ulver and Borknagar? Personally, I like to think their ultimately unremarkable reputation lies in the fact that, after this album, they decided to throw it all away, their refined melodies, their thick ambiance, their norse impetus, in favour of relentless, brainless cheap black metal the likes of which would make Marduk and Dark Funeral blush.
+For the sake of history, for the sake of black metal and in celebration of all things skaldic, please give this album a new chance. It belongs in the hall of fame of True Norwegian Black Metal.
+Nattferd is the first full-length album from Ragnarok. This band was.
+Written for
+Ragnarok is yet another black metal band from Norway that released their debut when the 2nd wave of BM was flourishing. Bands like Immortal, Darkthrone, Mayhem and Gorgoroth had already left their influential mark on the scene. Although this band was not buried underneath the big bands like so many others, they failed to leave an impression with this album unlike their popular counterparts.
+The guitar riffs are your typical BM affair. Hmm... how do I describe them? I guess they have the raw, repetitive, 'evil' sound to them and can be catchy. However, they are quite generic and already been done quite a bit by the year this album was released (for the most part anyway). Some riffs did show some unique qualities, like the almost war like feel of some of the riffs in Age Of Pride, but the moments given to these riffs are not nearly enough. The album is also seriously lacking in memorable guitar melodies. There are some great melodies hidden here and there, but even when they are going on, they're not really in the spotlight and are stuck in the background. I have to really struggle to listen to them.
+Like some other bands that debuted after Emperor, for example Kvist, the band decided to use keyboards in their music. They are not dominant and are used occasionally. Sometimes, keyboards manage to provide a solid atmosphere but at times, they just sound really awkward. The band doesn't know which direction to take with the keyboards as they can be dark but they can also go into a weird happy, almost power metal-ish mode. I think it would've been better if the keyboards weren't there, even though it would bring down the catchiness of the album. The track Daudens Natt is particularly affected negatively by the unsatisfactory use of keyboards.
+The vocals are pretty much your everyday BM vocals. The croaky, distorted, high pitched screams are something are something you've probably heard many times before, but they're done quite well. The vocalist helps to form a decent atmosphere and provides catchy vocal lines too. He doesn't show much of a range but keeps the album enjoyable. Somehow, he manages to never sound monotonous. The drum sound is kind of distant, and it works. The drumming itself, though a bit repetitive (hey, it's black metal), is quite variated compared to a lot of other old school BM. The fills are very strong, the double bass is quite good and overall, the drums do their job well.
+The song structures are slightly interesting. Unexpected bursts of speed after a mid paced session and sudden slowed down, softer moments with clean chanting are two examples. The acoustic + distorted guitar intro and the weird ambient like outro are both quite unique. The production is raw, yet quite listenable. Everything is heard pretty clearly, except the bass. In Hammerens Slag, there is a small, decent bass lick and it is probably the only sign of the bassist's existence throughout the album. The overall atmosphere of the album is lacking and as there is so much repetition in the album, that it can be be quite a problem. At times the atmosphere is very strong, but this goes away very quickly and leaves me hungry for more and disappointed.
+There is a reason why this album isn't as famous or hailed as much as Pentagram or In The Nightside Eclipse. Not only did bring almost nothing original to the black metal table but also failed to provide a solid and consistent atmosphere. It showed a lot of potential but the potential wasn't milked enough. However, it still an enjoyable album mainly due to a good vocalist and decent drumming. The band would improve with their future releases and work on their flaws showcased on this debut.
+This is Ragnarok's debut album and holds all the tracks featured on both of their first couple of demos, so it really is a bargain to buy. Inspite of the good reviews that future Ragnarok releases enjoyed, I still consider this album to be their most epic and powerful release yet. And there is something mysterious about this album because it seems that I never get tired of listening to it (which is what inspired me to write this review in the first place). It attains this dark power that has the ability to captivate its listener's attention. The listener is not tortured for the duration of the album but is rather in a state of awe.
+The music on this release ranges from mid-paced to fast. Ragnarok relies on raw guitar riffs to produce their melody and this can also be experienced on all their other releases. Ragnarok had been able to utilize this technique to its utmost on "Nettferd" while on future releases this technique diminishes a little in utility but stays intact. Ragnarok also doesn't shy away from throwing in a few keyboard melodies in several tracks only to establish a certain tempo or riff they're about to play. The first three tracks are great openers and really portray the power that Ragnarok are able to harness. I can only describe them as flawless notes of Black Metal music and their riffs are so catchy that you'll still find yourself recalling them hours after you've listened to the album for the first time (... a feat that is rare and never found on mediocre albums).
+The lyrics are simplistic in nature (quite like the music itself in a sense) but fit the atmosphere of the album perfectly. In fact, I can't imagine they could have come up with any better lyrical themes. On "The Age of Pride" , Thyme sings "In the time of swords and axes, In this Eeried Ogre time, When martial men ravage on earth, When the forest was dark and sombre, And the Northern fighting spirit was alive ... alive, Time of swords and axes, Age of pride ..." and on "Daudens Natt" , Thyme exclaims in his Norwegian tongue : "De kristne går opp på Noregs Fjell og trot de eier vårt Faderland, Tida skal komme der dauden kaller på lysets sjeler, De kristnes skjebne..." which roughly means : "the Christian has travelled across the Noregs Mountain and with his faith occupied our mother-land , only time shall come to call onto their illuminated souls , the Christians doom ..." and this depicts Ragnarok's Anti-Christian and Pagan-proud orientation and they are able to allign it perfectly with their music.
+Highlight of the album has got to be the 5th track: "Daudens Natt". If I had a friend come up to me and tell me that he wants to know what True Norwegian Black Metal sounds like and I had to choose a single song to represent this entire genre I would pull ot my "Nattferd" disc and play "Daudens Natt" for him. This track is as cold and grim and pagan and Anti-Christian as it gets. And despite all this Ragnarok was skillfully able to insert several melodies as "Daudens Natt" was closing. Even though you will be able to pick up some Viking elements as you listen to "Nattferd", this release is far from adhering to the Viking Metal genre and remains to be raw Norwegian Black Metal at its purest forms.
+The only complaint about this album is its artwork; very poor and doesn't fit the album's epic atmosphere. Also, surprisingly the outro to this album is the title track and does not fit very well as a closing track. It should have been placed as the Intro. Indeed the actual intro to this album sounds as an outro and it seems that the mixer should have switched these tracks. But these are minor details that don't even come close to tarnishing "Nettferd"'s grand package. This album has truly touched my soul (and almost gave me frostbite) and I invite/encourage all Black Metal fans to acquire this album (one way or the other) because it really is a black gem of mystical powers and seasons.
+Originality 20
+Musicianship 17
+Songwriting 19
+Production 20
+Lyrics 20
+================
+96
+Hikers know the Karoo – Great Karoo, Little Karoo, Tankwa Karoo and then: the Moordenaarskaroo (Murderers Karoo). Combine the slightly mysterious and daunting name with a Buffalo, and you might just start trembling in your hiking boots – what have I let myself into?
+But let me reassure you: few other things will touch you like the Moordenaarskaroo/Buffelsrivier hike will. Be prepared to walk with an open mind and to look closely. The Moordenaarskaroo is not flashy on a large scale, but to the hiker who is willing to kneel and look down, the rewards are big and numerous. Combine this with the openness, the wideness and the extremes of larger vistas, and you start wondering about the “moordenaar”.
+Our group of 14 hikers, hailing from North and South, gathered at the Flood Museum in Laingsburg. The former curator, Francis van Wyk, a survivor of the 1981 Buffels River Flood Tragedy, made us deeply aware of man’s vulnerability when confronted with Nature, and we leave with renewed respect for the Buffels.
+For “tortoise hikers” (everything you need, is in your backpack, like a tortoise’s shell!) this is a comfort hike. Slack-packing in all its glory. Franci Vosloo and her very able team of Sammy and Ella, transport all our ammo crates, chairs, tents, mattresses and sleeping bags. We hiked with day packs, which allowed this hiker more energy to enjoy and appreciate the spectacular surroundings. We even had the luxury of warm water and showers as well as comfortable bush toilets at every campsite. Blessed is the weary who is cleansed and fed and has a sleeping spot under the starry Karoo night.
+We follow the course of the river for 6 days to its origin in the Komsberg. Day 1 is an appetizer of 13km and we overnight in tents on Bloukrans after an evening of campfire inside a traditional ‘bossieskerm’. The farm’s name doesn’t really do justice to what you’re experiencing. In the course of the next 5 days we would see cliffs and escarpments reminiscent of a canyon rather than the traditional picture of the Karoo we’ve always harboured.
+Each night the support team spoils us with a “Sunday meal” regardless of the day of the week. We debate the number of calories lost versus the amount consumed thanks to the sumptuous food. Each morning kicks off with filter coffee and rusks followed by a good breakfast, with your lunch parcel ready to go into the backpack. Somewhere during the night Franci and Ella has baked finger licking pot brood. Note to self: no more self-catering hikes for me!
+The 6-day hike stretches over more or less 108km, and we walk through 13 farmers’ land. We experience the authenticity of what is promised in the brochure: breath-taking sandstone formations and fossilised mudstone, black eagles, rock art and ruins. We sleep in the kraal of an old farmhouse – the kraal itself a work of art: each stone carefully dressed and fitted with precision. We are moved by the signs of transience as we photograph these man-made structures which surrenders so gradually, or when we come across the bleached bones of a jackal or meerkat.
+Days 3 and 4 are packed with challenges and rewards. We walk long distances (27km), it is warm, and the river is at times mercilessly rough. The winning spirit of the hikers prevail: pushing on, encouraging each other and hanging tough despite the setting sun, weary legs and sore feet. The reward, that aha! moment when you finally enter camp and Ella comes running towards you with ice cold drinks. You know: today you, the buffalo and the murderer have fought and danced together. Today’s round is yours.
+On a satellite image of the area you’ll see the Buffels River wasn’t the only culprit in the 1981 tragedy. There are many feeding rivers. Day 5 follows the course of one of these rivers … boulders and sand is a given. Luckily for us, the river flooded a mere 2 weeks before the hike and there were various pools, even streams that trickled bravely and the odd small waterfall. The more adventurous among us dipped in the deeper pools. But beware of “Riller’s teeth”!
+That night we were supposed to camp in a dry natural dam – a “dooie pan” – to our surprise this dam suddenly sprung to life and was covered in water! With nowhere to set up camp than on Karoo bossies and rocks, we reverted to the soft green lawn of a nearby farm at the foot of the Komsberg.
+Day 6’s terrain may be challenging to the breath, but it’s certainly gentler on the feet. We ascend the Komsberg via a jeep track in a kloof called Besemgoedgat and reach 1712m above sea level after 6 km. From here – literally the peak (and climax) of the hike – the view back across 5 days’ hiking landscape is magnificent, but one also sees the small Roggeveld mountains, the southern starting point of the Roggeveld mountain range that extends all the way northwards to Calvinia. We camp on the same spot again, already planning a repeat hike with the prospect of sleeping in the dry dam around an enormous campfire.
+On the final morning there will be no hiking… after a warm breakfast you’re just about to put on the hiking boots and fill the water bottle when you realise it’s time to bag the tent for the last time and stack your crates for loading, ready for the journey home.
+Conclusion
+Hikers hike for the reward it holds. However, the rewards are unique for each hiker. This hiking trail offers an unusual experience in its diversity. We smelled the Hoodia gordonii, one of the few plants that smells like rotten meat in order to attract flies and ensure pollination. We appreciated the stark contrast of a red brush lily in the grey soil; we gratefully enjoyed the shade of hardened acacias on the banks of the Buffels River. We deliberated the inspiration behind rock art of an estimated 15 000 years ago. There are long stretches hikers walked in solitude, contemplating life’s paths, and then there are the campfire at night where the day’s experiences are captured.
+The Karoo stirs something inside of you; the realisation that you need to walk with others in order to survive. The Moordenaarskaroo takes, but it rewards abundantly. This hike is a must for every hiker.
+Info
+For more information, contact Fránci Vosloo at 0833866270 or email francivosloo1@gmail.com .
+You can also visit their Facebook page:
+Dankie vir die artikel Johanna, dit lyk en klink diep-lekker..
+Geskryf net soos my talentvolle vriendin kan.
+Mooi geskryf Johanna, baie dankie!
+My experience of a maiden hike as a maiden hiker … the Moordenaarskaroo/Buffelsrivier hike
+On the 21st of March 2019, 14 brave hikers gathered in Laingsburg at the Flood Museum with one goal: to venture upon the maiden Moordenaarskaroo/Buffelsrivier hike.
+This adventure began on an ordinary day in February often clicking on a Facebook link (Weg advertorial, 31 January 2019), “Stap die Moordenaarskaroo-roete” … 108km over 6 days in the Karoo’s own canyon, the Buffels River.
+Well then, this is the time to confess that hiking wasn’t really my thing, let alone not EVER having done it. Neither am I the outdoor type… And yet, for some inexplicable reason I felt that nagging urgency and I just knew I had to do this thing. A moment of weakness, perhaps, midlife crisis or pure silliness … who knows.
+Most of my family and friends thought it a crazy idea to take on the harsh Karoo at the age of 47. But the day my sister Sonja agreed (after much convincing) to join me on this venture, there was no turning back.
+As virgin hikers big was the excitement when Sonja and I received the hiker’s checklist and guidelines from Franci, the organiser. After all, shopping is therapy for Eve’s soul, right? Not so true. Besides the fact that we are both 1,8m in length, gone are the days of slender bodies, not to mention the fact that we aren’t really fitness freaks… Checklist in hand two overexcited sisters hit Cape Union Mart in town (Vredenburg). Granted, small town, not much of a variety to choose from (and they clearly only cater for the … smaller body). Next stop Canal Walk. We covered the A-Z of outdoor shops and after hours of walking, fitting, more walking and more fitting it finally dawned on us: we’ll be doing the Moordenaarskaroo/Buffelsrivier hike with men’s clothing and men’s shoes. And as you know, hiking clothes and shoes are not cheap… so this part of the hiking experience still tastes a bit wry, especially with the accompanying hole in the purse. There’s a gap in the market for sure!
+At least the shopping for some of the hiking gear like mattresses, backpacks, headlamps, hiking sticks, bladders, etc. went smooth and painless.
+On 21 March 2019, after a heart-breaking visit to the Flood Museum, our journey officially kicked off. This is where reality hit me … what on earth was I thinking?!
+The hiking route starts on the Bloukrans dirt road from where we hiked around 13,5km to the campsite. The adrenaline was pumping and the excitement big as we gathered around the campfire, chatted and feasted on heavenly Karoo cuisine. It was great fun to pitch a tent for the first time and to figure out the mattresses (still in plastic), blinding one another with our new headlamps in the process.
+Day 2: With renewed energy and a full night’s rest we tackled the 22km in the Buffels River. Never have I walked on so many different terrains in one day … hard sand, wet sand, big rocks, small rocks and at times in the veld. The sun was merciless and the day long. The cliffs were breathtakingly beautiful, and the unknown feeling of isolation was overwhelming. As we arrived at camp Franci and her team were already hard at work and after a sumptuous supper sister and I pulled out first aid kit closer to treat the first blisters and have an early night.
+Day 3 was even warmer with not even a breeze in sight. The riverbed was wide and never-ending. I’m not sure what was the worst for me … blisters on my feet or the enormous red locusts resembling West Coast lobsters… As the day progressed, I tried to focus to put one foot in front of the other and not to stumble over rocks (thanks to my walking stick!). I was deeply moved and my backpack suddenly extra heavy. Through the sweat and the dust something stirred inside of me… The barren, merciless Karoo changed something in my soul. For the first time I think of nothing (control freak!) – as if my body has gone into survival mode and I realised how small and insignificant man really is. And there, in the riverbed of the Buffels River, I sobbed in my sister’s arms…
+Sister and I just survived day 3 – we walked and walked and climbed and walked some more and cried and wiped each other’s tears and then walked some more. At times we just sat down because we could not take one more step, but then there was always a helping hand of a fellow hiker who cared, sat with us and motivated us to get up and carry on.
+After an indescribably physical and emotionally draining day we arrived at camp nearly dark, and there was Ella running towards us with ice cold drinks. A living angel. At this stage our emotions reached an all-time low. Our souls and bodies were fragile, not to mention our feet. And as fate would have it, it was on night 3 that I felt thousands of moths and spiders were attacking me. But after a glass of rehydrate and a plaster on the one small hole in out (brand new) tent, my sister and I literally fell into the tent, consoled each other, and with doctored feet that beat in sync, fell asleep, unsure whether we would be able to walk for three more days.
+Still half-asleep on day 4, my sister was already sitting upright, ‘boots and all’ … we are going to finish! Day 4 was hot again and we walked for 21km through dense vegetation, dongas and rock slabs. Hikers’ feet were tired, and blisters were abundant, but we had a calmness inside of us. At camp the helping hands never tired. After a hot shower, fantastic food and good company we hit the sack with sore bodies … two more days to go … we can do it!
+Day 5 was without doubt the highlight. We walked up a long, rough jeep track – ascending the Komsberg. The loose earth on the ascent was indeed a challenge, but we walked our own pace and the sisters who plodded into camp each day made it to the top to everyone’s surprise! And what an incredible, overwhelming feeling!! What a view!! The way down was steep, and I soon realised downhill is clearly not my strength. But we tacked it together. It was hot and we were tired and in pain, but at the top of that plateau another kind of energy gets hold of you and you know for sure: quitting is not an option. Never again.
+The Moordenaarskaroo/Buffelsrivier hike is much more than just a physical challenge. You literally walk your head clear, out of your comfort zone and back to basics. In the unspoilt, barren, merciless Moordenaarskaroo you walk away your masks… all your worries, stress and pain get lost somewhere between the red locusts and the slabs of rock. You become human again.
+What a privilege it was for my sister and I to have been part of the first official Moordenaarskaroo/Buffelsrivier hike. When we arrived at camp at the end of each long day, Franci and her team were setting up camp, preparing food and building the campfire. We were spoiled with amazing Karoo food (with pudding) and healthy lunch packs for each day.
+Will I encourage other first-time hikers to do this hike with Franci and her team? Absolute, without doubt!
+Thank you, Franci, for a life-changing experience.
+And in case you were wondering… I’m hooked. Tankwa Camino here we come!
+Dankie, Lindie..!
+Dankie vir jou, Franci. En die hele groep – my hele lewe het verander…die huis se mure druk my vas en die pad roep. Dis awesome!!!
+Well written Lindie and well done!
+Dankie Estelle!! Julle is pragtige mense!
+Julle is 2 ysters..trots op julle al ken ek julle nie.
+Moenie ophou stap nie..
+Ek gaan dit aanpak oor 3 weke…ek is so n karoomens…het camino gestap…2018…vanaf st jean….oor pirenesse in bitter koue en sneeu….ek is n geo teacher….so ek hou van die klippe…die awsome van mens wees in n groot skepping.. en ek stap om insane te bly in die onderwys…
+My van is de la porte…sorry
+0 Members and 1 Guest are viewing this topic.
+Heaven do you mind if I make my character more of a mage? It seems like we have alot of stealth fighters in the group.
+wow sunday ya had 3 people accepted and now it seems full... dARN WORK its late for me almost 330 am but i did want t be involvedokay quick ideaSHAZAM!!A new Captain Marvel... female...daughter of mary batson and the black adam maybe even with a touch of black adams powers as well Phaia
+Name: Jessica Mckenzie "Mac" LanceAge: 26Alias: Silver SirynParents: Dinah Lance/UnknownPowers/Abilities/Skills:Martial Arts: There are only a few better than her in the entire world. She learned from not only her mom, but Batman, Batgirl, Wonder Woman and many members of the Justice League how to protect herself and how to bring the fight to the opponent. Canary Cry: This comes straight from her mom. It's a scream powerful enough to lift an eighteen wheeler and knock it on it's side. To mow down doors and punch holes into brick walls. It's a scream that if used on a person within twenty feet or so that would instantly kill them. It's why her mom didn't use it much, and why she doesn't use it much...save for really heavy hitters, and even then she's hesitant.Siryn's Song: Siryn can shift her voice in such a way that it acts almost like a truth serum or Wonder Woman's lasso...forcing someone (especially the weak willed) to give up the truth when she asks it in just the right way. Memories are, however, not always 100% accurate, which leaves her using some gumshoe skills to help piece puzzles together.Chirp: The chirp is a weak version of the scream, it can vary from the weight of a boxer's punch to a small car being flung in power. Technically she can even use it to simply punch through a lock on a door, but lock picking tends to be much quieter than that and therefore more preferable.Voice Changer: One of the minor advantages to having such an incredible voice box is that she's able to change her voice and mimic other voices perfectly. The way she sounds in her civvies versus the way she sounds while in costume is different, but it's simply a different voice, not like a normal person (Bruce!) trying to make his voice deeper and scarier. Breath of Fresh Air: Due to her abilities, Mac's body is able to process oxygen far beyond what other people can do. With each breath she takes in her body can use about 300% of the oxygen that a normal person could use. On a deep breath she can use more, this allows her body to prepare for a scream much faster and far more easily...which means she's not out of breath at the end of a huge scream, not unless it lasts for a very long time compared to normal. (Normal being under ten seconds, long time being up to two minutes straight). She can also hold her breath for longer and it extends her stamina by not allowing her muscles to tire as easily.Hard Headed: Another way to combat the extreme stresses put on her body by the Canary Cry, her body has an extremely hard skull, facial muscles (to help "shape" the screams), and skin. Although not fun, she can take a fifty caliber round between the eyes and survive. She'll be knocked out, there will be a huge bruise, and she'll wake up with the mother of all migraines, but she could survive it. And while she can take such punishment, that doesn't mean a well placed fist, billy club, black jack, or 2x4 to the back of her skull won't still knock her out cold. It just may hurt the other person, or someone punching her may actually break a fist on her face.Lock Picking: She's picked up a lot more than that from Batman and her mom, but lock picking is utilized quite often when investigating the scum of the Earth. She often breaks into homes silently and snoops around then waits for the badguys to arrive. She's also excellent at cracking safes. Of course, that doesn't mean she hasn't fallen for a few traps of rigged locks and safes as she's knelt to unlock them...and gotten gassed in the face or tasered upon entry...Visual Appearance: Mac is a six foot tall power house of a woman with the curves to match. She cuts an impressive 38D-36-38 figure, her stomach flat but toned, arms not ripped, but well muscled all the same. She looks as if she could be as much Diana's daughter as she is Dinah's. She has a big butt, long corded legs, broad shoulders, and generally like she could compete in the Olympics at any given point. She has long, wavy, dark brown hair with a few highlights of light brown streaking through it naturally. Her sea-green eyes sparkle with an intense fire that seems to match with the rest of her body. She swam for a scholarship through college...which doubled as her reason for staying so physically fit.Mac's costume both pays homage to her mother's costume and has some flares of it's own. She wears a one-piece silver swimsuit with a leather jacket to cover her arms, and leather, fingerless gloves on her hands. She even wears silver fishnets. However the jacket is black, and the fishnets are typically hidden by a pair of tight jeans. Whether her hair is up or down or if she's wearing the jacket all depends on the weather that particular evening. Though in the warmer months she tends to have her long hair up in a ponytail to keep it off of her neck and back, with no jacket, while during the cooler months her hair is worn down. Unlike her mother, she wears a sleek, but identity concealing, black domino mask over her soft features. Finally she wears knee-high, gothic-styled boots over her feet and lower legs to aid in the weight of her kicks. Her "official" costume is the silver swimsuit and fishnets, but the most common one is wearing her jeans with the jacket.Personality: Mac goes at whatever she sets her mind to 200%, just when she thinks she's had enough, she picks herself back up and forces herself to keep going. She gets a lot of her stubborn/strong will from her mother, probably both in genetics and in the way she was raised. She takes major decisions seriously and may take several weeks just to weight all the pros and cons. When becoming a superheroine it took her a solid six months to full decide if she wanted to do it. She knew how much time it'd take to train and get ready, to figure out a costume, and even to take it one night at a time while also seeing the big picture. However some smaller decisions sometimes she makes a little quickly which can (and has) landed her in over her head. She's ever curious, always wanting to know more and get to know a case better and better. She tends to take care and sympathize with victims which has always helped keep her in check. Her thoughts are that you can't be a hero if you don't care about the people you're saving... Most people would define her as grounded, she's not often bubbly, though she does have her rather...girlish moments from time to time.History: Mac grew up in a single-parent household and never knew her father. She's tried to find out on multiple occasions just who her mystery father is, but she never seems to get anywhere with it. Ultimately, in her late teens, she decided it didn't matter. If he wasn't in the picture that's probably because he's a jerk-face and didn't want to be in the picture. It's a revelation that came along shortly after gaining a younger sister. Growing up as Dinah's daughter wasn't easy. The woman is strict, but the boundaries were and still are good for Mac, no hand was ever brought to bare on her as punishment (there were plenty of spars), and Dinah always was her mother first, friend second, and sensei third. She had a childhood that few would likely envy, but also one that she wouldn't trade for anything. She got to know Wonder Woman at a young age, met Superman and Supergirl. All of the greats at some point or another. And spent no small amount of time drooling over some of their younger pictures when she hit her teens. She had so many aunts and uncles it became hard to keep track of. Her favorite ones were Aunt Helena and Aunt Diana, both teaching her different forms of combat and giving her insight into how they grew up and came upon their views on the world. She stopped growing around sixteen, leaving her at six feet tall and with zero curves. By eighteen they'd started to come in, and by twenty she had a full figure of an Amazon. Honestly, though, she always has thought her figure more resembles her mother, if her mother were as tall as she is. Sometimes it makes her wonder if her bio-dad (since he's not really a dad in any sense) had been tall and ruggedly handsome, but her mom is tight lipped about that. Seventeen is when she became a superheroine, just doing very simple patrols as she got used to fighting someone for real. It's a lot different than a spar, and she had to cut her teeth on real gang bangers that wanted little more than to cut her into a million pieces for involving herself with them. By eighteen she was doing it all on her own (her mom having supervised before) and was shortly off to college to fill out and grow up really fast. She's been on her own since then, in terms of being a superheroine, racked up quite an impressive number of arrests and captures even compared to some of the greats in their early career. She's not perfect, no hero is, she...like her mom, is mostly feared on the street but checked out in person. She's been konked over the head more times than she can count, chloroformed, punched and kicked between the legs. She's been darted, and hypnotized, and thrown off a building. She's been groped and fondled, tied up and beaten down, but the percentage of times that happens versus how many times she comes out on top is...a low percentage. She's never been terribly great at math, but she knows compared to how much she hauls in the badguys, the times that they haul her off is slim. Plus she always always escapes. Sexual Ons: (Bedroom: Things she likes to do willingly.) Patrolling, kicking ass, oral: giving and receiving, anal: receiving, light bondage, light rough housing, role playing, vibrators, spanking, fondling, cuddling. (Forced: Things that she wishes wouldn't turn her on, but while tied down and captured she has no say in the matter) Cleave gags, bondage, vibrators, sensual rape: her pleasure is priority, spanking, groping/fondling, kissing, and being stripped slowly, facials.Sexual Offs: Getting unmasked, being whipped, gags, blind folds, chloroform, roofies/drugs in general, being taped, being blackmailed, hard rape: their pleasure is priority, they just use her body to do it....the list goes on.
+You would have to run this by Aribeth since she has a character who's parents are Dinah and Ollie.
+Page created in 0.046 seconds with 25 queries.
+Abstract.
+Keywords:Translational medicine; Research efficiency; Graph-theoretic model; Robustness; Moxifloxacin; Tuberculosis; Research coordination; Research planning; Decision-making
+Background
+Maximizing efficiency across a drug development trajectory is important for drug developers, policymakers, and human subjects. Limited resources and the ethical imperative of risk minimization demand both that researchers design and plan their studies to maximize the knowledge gained per patient-subject enrolled and that funders and ethical review boards hold them to this standard.
+Unfortunately, this standard is often not met. The infamous failure of torcetrapib at phase 3 illuminated inefficiencies in cardiovascular drug development [1-3]. In cancer, the cases of sunitinib for treating hepatic cancer and bevacizumab for treating gastric cancer were both examples of drugs that advanced into phase 3 testing without supporting phase 2 evidence [4]. Across the entire spectrum of drug development, nearly one-third of the drugs abandoned at phase 2 are considered failures not for lack of efficacy, but for ‘strategic’ reasons [4]. Even within a single company, as Pfizer’s internal review showed, almost half of their phase 2 proof-of-concept studies (43%) failed to test the target mechanism of action adequately [5].
+These problems all contribute to the common perception that the current system of drug development is beset by inefficiencies [4,6,7], and the growing number of calls for greater coordination across the drug development enterprise [8-10]. Yet, there remain no systematic approaches for representing, analyzing, and communicating the efficiency and coordination of the research enterprise. The available techniques of systematic review and statistical meta-analysis can only tell a part of this story – elucidating partial cross sections of the evidence – but they do not offer any synthesis for the accumulating state of evidence across the entire translational trajectory. For example, a meta-analysis is well suited to identifying trends across a series of similar trials, but it is useless for understanding transitions between the different phases of research. How did the research program progress from pre-clinical to clinical studies? How did the results of phase 1 studies compare with phase 2? What does the failure of translation from pre-clinical to clinical tell us about what we ought to do next? These kinds of questions are entirely consistent with the aim of comprehensively understanding the translational research enterprise, but they are not questions for which a statistical meta-analysis is helpful.
+In this paper, we present a first step toward developing a broader, more comprehensive approach to representing and understanding a translational research program: A graph-theoretic tool for representing the Accumulating Evidence and Research Organization (AERO) within a translational trajectory. We begin in the next section by describing the basic methodology – the components of the AERO model and how these are used to construct an AERO graph. We then apply this tool to a case study involving the antibacterial agent, moxifloxacin, for the treatment of drug-susceptible tuberculosis. We close by discussing the potential utility of our approach for improving the organization, coordination, and efficiency of the drug development enterprise.
+Methods
+The conceptual foundations of the AERO model emerged out of work in the philosophy of science to develop a general methodology for representing robust scientific evidence [11]. Although there are many different dimensions of robustness that figure in drug development, the version of the AERO model we present here focuses on elucidating just two of these: (1) the consistency of results among studies with an identical or similar outcome metric; and (2) the concordance of results among studies with qualitatively different outcome metrics. For example, a series of animal experiments that all show a similar effect size for a new drug is evidence of consistency. A positive direction of effect on both the surrogate outcome used in a phase 2 trial and the clinical outcome used in a phase 3 trial is evidence of concordance.
+The visual structure of the AERO model is a directed acyclic graph (DAG), designed to capture these two dimensions of robustness and their relationship to three basic questions that underlie the planning of a translational research program: What is the accumulating state of total evidence? What has been the translational trajectory? What studies should be done next? We discuss each of these questions in turn, showing how they are represented in the model.
+Representing the accumulating state of total evidence
+The accumulating state of evidence in a drug development trajectory is constituted by discrete experiments, proceeding from the pre-clinical in vitro and in vivo experiments to the phase 1, 2 and 3 clinical trials. In the AERO model, we represent each experiment as a node (that is, a vertex) arranged in a two-dimensional space: an x-axis, representing time, and a y-axis, representing the phase of research. The nodes are then color-coded according to the direction of their outcome: studies in support of further research (for example, positive results) are green, studies against further research (for example, negative results) are red, and studies ambivalent toward further research (for example, inconclusive results) are yellow.
+Figure 1 is an example AERO graph for a research program with eight experiments across three phases in a five-year span. Although this graph is incomplete, since it does not yet include the arrows (that is, the edges) to illustrate the translational trajectories, it nevertheless captures some features of the research program that are essential to understanding the state of total evidence. For example, we can see that the translation from animals into humans (that is, in vivo into phase 1) is relatively smooth. Two positive animal studies (β2,β3) suggest a potential for efficacy in humans and two positive phase 1 studies (γ1,γ3) suggest a well-tolerated drug. There is also evidence of consistency at each phase (α1 and α2, β2 and β3, γ1 and γ3). Given that consistency between experiments serves to verify findings and control for biases or random errors, which may distort the results of any single experiment, this is a desirable feature for the system to have.
+Figure 1. Consistency of results. Studies are shown as vertices. The graph shows eight experiments across five years
+with some degree of consistency evident at every phase of research: Both of the in vitro studies, two of the three in vivo, and two of the three phase 1 studies were positive. There is also some inconsistency
+within in vivo (β1) and phase 1 (γ2); nevertheless, the accumulating state of evidence is largely positive and the transitions
+between phases appear relatively smooth.
+Figure 1 also shows some evidence of concordance. The overall trend of the experimental findings is largely positive across each phase. With the exception of one negative in vivo study and one inconclusive phase 1 study, the results have all been favorable to further research. This degree of concordance is another desirable feature of the system. Depending upon the predictive power of the animal model, this pattern of robust results provides good reason for thinking that the experimental agent may be efficacious and safe.
+Finally, assuming that β2 is later than α2 and γ1 is later than β3, we can see that there was a de facto threshold of two positive studies at each phase before proceeding to the next. These thresholds between phases are an important property of the translational trajectory, representing critical (and often expensive) decision points: When is the pre-clinical evidence sufficient to initiate human trials? When is the phase 2 evidence sufficient to justify a pivotal phase 3 trial? Many translational failures (like those mentioned above) can be understood as the result of poor or inappropriate thresholds, wherein the evidence was not sufficiently mature to warrant advancing a candidate to a later phase of research.
+One plausible way to set phase thresholds is to require a certain number of positive studies at each phase before proceeding to the next. Indeed, the US FDA’s licensure requirement for two positive phase 3 trials can be thought of as just such a threshold. However, two positives is not the only viable threshold. For example, a certain number of negative studies within a phase could require either that an agent be sent back to an earlier phase or abandoned entirely. It may also be reasonable to require that there is a sufficient number of both positive and negative studies at each phase – the positive studies supporting the efficacy of the therapeutic ensemble for clinical translation and the negative studies supporting a theoretical evidence base that directly informs clinicians about how the experimental agent should not be used [12]. Leaving aside the question of which phase threshold to use, either in general or for some specific research domain, it is sufficient for the purposes here to observe that the AERO graph has the virtue of rendering each of these thresholds visually explicit.
+Representing the translational trajectory
+In Figure 2, we expand on Figure 1, introducing three phase 2 studies as well as arrows between studies. The arrows represent more precisely the sequence of studies and capture the intellectual lineage across the translational trajectory. For example, a phase 2 study that uses the same dosage identified in a phase 1 study should be connected by an arrow leading out from the phase 1 node and into the phase 2 node (for example, γ1 to δ1). Similarly, a phase 1 human pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic study should be connected to the prior in vivo study that identified the effective blood concentration (for example, β3 to γ2 and γ3). Borrowing terminology from the language of graph theory, we refer to studies downstream in the intellectual lineage as ‘children,’ and studies upstream as ‘parents’ (we will have more to say about how parentage is established, when we discuss the example in the next section).
+Figure 2. Concordance in a trajectory. Edges show the intellectual lineage. The graph shows eleven experiments across six
+years. The edges between studies represent the intellectual lineage between them and
+illustrate the translational research trajectories. Some trajectories are perfectly
+concordant (for example, α1→α2→β3→γ3→δ2), while others show discordance (for example, α1→β1 or α1→α2→β2→γ1→δ1). The phase 2 studies are also highly inconsistent (that is, one positive, one negative,
+and one inconclusive study), indicating a relatively rough transition into this phase.
+Given that phase 2 was initiated after only one positive phase 1 trial, this may indicate
+that the threshold of evidence used to transition into phase 2 is too low and ought
+to require at least some degree of consistency.
+This additional structure enriches judgments about consistency and concordance. Where before we could only suggest concordance by the number or ratio of positive results at each phase, now we can track a discrete translational trajectory. For example, the trajectory from α1 to α2 to β2 to γ1 is a sequence of four positive studies across three phases. Each of these studies built on the evidence in the prior study, and each showed a concordant result.
+Notice, however, that the story of this trajectory gets more complicated when we follow it into phase 2. The first phase 2 study, δ1, was negative, despite following up the evidence from γ1. But negative results are not necessarily uninformative results. Thus, as the figure shows, a later positive phase 1, γ3, built upon δ1, and eventually led (in conjunction with β3), to the positive phase 2 result in δ2. The complete story of this trajectory, while not one of perfect concordance or consistency, can nevertheless be described as favorably robust overall.
+Figure 2 also reveals that there was only positive phase 1 study (γ1) before phase 2 research began (that is, γ3 is subsequent to δ1). Again, this represents a de facto (if not explicit) judgment about the minimum threshold of evidence necessary to justify proceeding to the next phase. Since consistency requires at least two experiments, advancing into the next phase of research on the basis of only one experiment means that this minimum threshold included no evidence of consistency at the immediately preceding phase. For exactly the same reasons that consistency is desirable, failing to have consistency before proceeding to a subsequent phase is, in general, an undesirable feature of a research system: No verification of findings, no control for bias or random error. While a single, well-designed study may be sufficient, under particular conditions, to advance an intervention, the recent failed attempts by Bayer [13] and Amgen [14] to reproduce earlier findings demonstrates the dangers with such an approach.
+Finally, we should point out the orphaned study, δ3. This node has no arrows leading into it, reflecting an experiment that is not directly justified on the basis of prior evidence within the research program. Although the general rule is probably to avoid conducting such studies, there may at times be reasons to draw on evidence or study designs that are external to the current research program. For example, the experiment may be largely based on analogical reasoning, drawing on evidence with a different drug or a different indication (the phase 3 trials of sunitinib and bevacizumab alluded to above could be described in just this way). The AERO graph makes this design choice explicit – the prudence of which will have to be judged by the fruitfulness of the subsequent research.
+Planning the next step
+The final, and perhaps most important, question we want to address with the AERO graph is: ‘What study should be done next?’ Given the state of accumulating evidence and the current trajectory, what should be the next investigation(s)? In Figure 3, we have added a single, negative phase 3 study, ϵ1, following the trajectory from δ2. We have also added two blue-lined nodes to represent the contemplated next steps.
+Figure 3. Planning future studies. The graph shows twelve completed experiments across six years along with two contemplated
+future studies, a fourth phase 2 trial (δ4) and a second phase 3 trial (ϵ2). A phase 3 trial (ϵ1) was initiated following the sole positive phase 2 study (δ2).2 and ϵ1.
+Herein lies the real power of the AERO graph: In debating what study should come next, the visualization can sharpen the judgments of researchers, who can now pinpoint the precise translational trajectory or subset of the trajectory that they think ought to inform future research. For example, let us suppose that ϵ1 was negative for lack of clinically significant effectiveness. A researcher could argue that despite the negative result, there is still a largely positive trend (seven out of twelve studies) across the entire trajectory, the drug is very well tolerated (no negatives at phase 1), and the inconsistency across phase 2 studies has been instructive in suggesting a novel variation on the dosage and schedule that ought to be evaluated in a subsequent phase 3 trial. Yet, a different researcher may look at the same graph, identify a mechanism of action common to the inconclusive and negative studies that could explain these results, and recommend δ4 to test this hypothesis in a less costly, phase 2 trial.
+The purpose of the AERO graph is thus not to replace this kind of critical thinking or eliminate disagreement about the state of total evidence. Indeed, researchers may even disagree about whether a particular study ought to be represented as positive or negative. Rather, the purpose of the AERO graph is to sharpen this disagreement by clarifying the state of evidence and translational trajectory. In other words, the prudent course of action within a clinical research program cannot be derived from the state of evidence. The decision of what to do next requires a negotiation between the practical, pragmatic, ethical, and epistemic issues at play. The representational features of the AERO model help to make the epistemic aspects of this judgment explicit.
+Results
+In its Global Plan to Stop TB 2011–2015, the Stop TB Partnership emphasizes the need for improving coordination across the entire development and testing trajectory [10]. Moxifloxacin, an antibacterial agent in the fluoroquinolone family, is one of the new candidate drugs in their pipeline. However, as of 2010, the tuberculosis research community was confronted with a series of inconsistent results across five phase 2 studies with moxifloxacin, and disagreed about whether the state of total evidence supported moving on to conduct phase 3 trials. The results we present in this section are based on our presentation at the Tuberculosis Trials Consortium’s semi-annual meeting in October 2011, where we presented an AERO graph of moxifloxacin’s translational trajectory to help broker this dispute.
+Representing the evidence
+Inclusion
+Table 1 summarizes the results of 19 studies evaluating moxifloxacin for the treatment of drug-susceptible tuberculosis between 1998 and 2009. These studies were included based on a hand search through the citations of the published phase 2 trial reports. This list was then cross-referenced with a PubMed search using the terms ‘moxifloxacin’ and ‘tuberculosis;’ filtered by clinical trials. While this method is less rigorous than a complete systematic review, it is sufficient for the illustrative purposes of this paper. Further development on harmonizing the AERO model with the methods of systematic review is underway.
+Extraction
+The ‘year’ in Table 1 refers to the year of publication. The ‘key,’ generated sequentially by phase, refers to the corresponding node in Figure 4. The outcome was extracted from the published manuscript, based on the direction of the observed effect, the authors’ recommendation for further research, and any expressed qualifications or reservations. The studies listed as ‘children’ are based on a transitive reduction of the total network of citations, reconstructed to represent the historical translation of evidence as accurately as possible.
+Figure 4. Complete AERO graph for moxifloxacin in an anti-tuberculosis regimen. The graph shows 19 completed experiments across 12 years along with four contemplated
+future studies. The overall trend of study results was positive until the transition
+into phase 2 (x1), when significant discordance (for example, w4→x1 and w6→x4) and inconsistency (that is, negative results in x1,x4 vs. positive results in x2,x3,x5) began to emerge. Researchers must now decide how to proceed in the face of an equivocal
+state of total evidence: Investigate mechanisms of discordance between animal models
+and human trials (A); investigate drug interactions (B); further investigate efficacy and evaluate predictivity of specific phase 2 trial
+designs (C); or proceed to a decisive phase 3 effectiveness trial (D).
+Non-positive outcomes
+We acknowledge that the inconclusive status of the two in vivo studies is debatable. Despite evidence of efficacy, we nevertheless classified Yoshimatsu et al. as inconclusive due to the authors’ concerns about toxicity at the recommended dosage [20]. Nuermberger et al. did not show an improvement on their primary outcome (time-to-culture-negative), but did show a dramatic increase in early potency when moxifloxacin was substituted for isoniazid, one of the drugs in the standard regimen [21]. Gillespie et al. showed no difference in the early bactericidal activity between moxifloxacin and isoniazid [24]. Nijland et al. showed that moxifloxacin plasma concentrations are reduced when it is administered with isoniazid and rifampicin [26]. Peloquin et al. showed favorable population pharmacokinetics with moxifloxacin, but levofloxacin had the most favorable profile in their study [27]. Both Burman et al. and Dorman et al. showed no improvement in the time-to-culture-negative when moxifloxacin was substituted into the standard regimen for ethambutol and isoniazid, respectively [28,31].
+Visual representation
+Figure 4 is the complete AERO graph based on the information in Table 1 and the possible future studies, A…D. It was rendered using the tikz vector illustration package for LaTeX. All of the non-straight edges were shaped manually in order to aid visual comprehension. The edge between u1 and v1 is not an arrow because these two studies are published in the same report.
+Analysis
+The first thing to notice about Figure 4 is how much messier is the picture of an actual translational research program compared to the toy example we discussed above. One immediate advantage of the AERO graph is that it illuminates the point about translational research: It is not a linear process, but a complex network of overlapping investigation types. Phases can even be repeated, as when evidence from a downstream phase is used to inform a subsequent upstream investigation (for example, v5 → u3).
+But however descriptively accurate is this complexity, there is a prescriptive question about how organized and systematic a research program in translational medicine ought to be. Is this overlapping web of studies an intrinsic part of translational medicine? Or can it be made more orderly, with one study and one phase proceeding after another without the need to backtrack? While we will not take up this intriguing question here, it is worth pointing out that the AERO model facilitates such an inquiry.
+So what can we now say about moxifloxacin’s translational trajectory? Across the entire trajectory, the trend is largely positive, with a 3:1 positive to negative ratio. There is also evidence of consistency at every phase and no negative results in the pre-clinical studies. Although to our knowledge there was no explicit evidence threshold established for this trajectory, we can nevertheless observe that for both the pre-clinical to clinical and phase 1 to phase 2 transition, the de facto threshold is three positive studies. Thus far, these would all seem to be encouraging properties. In fact, prior to the first negative phase 2 study in 2006, the evidence for moxifloxacin was overwhelmingly favorable.
+After 2006, significant inconsistency and discordance emerges. Two of the five phase 2 studies, x1 and x4, are negative and show discordance with the earlier phase 1 and pre-clinical outcomes. Indeed, there is a subset of the total trajectory, proceeding through w3 to x1 and then w5 and x4, that is both consistently and concordantly negative. This underscores the fact that robustness is not only a property of positive results. Results can also be robustly negative.
+Yet, one negative sub-trajectory is not necessarily fatal for the whole translational trajectory. In this case, we can see an overall trend toward positive outcomes, but it is not obvious that this trend is sufficient to justify a phase 3 trial. Therefore, we now consider how the AERO graph can sharpen arguments for or against each of the four proposed future studies.
+A
+The argument in favor of A, another in vivo study, is supported by the striking discordance between the pre-clinical and clinical results along the following sub-trajectory:
+Given that the in vivo models and phase 2 trials are both evaluating an efficacy endpoint, rather than the safety, pharmacokinetic, or early activity endpoints evaluated in phase 1, the discordance between in vivo and phase 2, combined with phase 2 inconsistency, casts a reasonable doubt on the predictive power of the animal models. For example, Dorman et al.’s (x4) hypothesis, comparing the replacement of moxifloxacin for isoniazid in the standard regimen, was informed by Nuermberger et al.’s (v5) finding in a murine model. The failure to translate this result supports revisiting the in vivo design and re-evaluating the import of in vivo experiments.
+But we should note that pursuing another in vivo study does not necessarily invalidate the prior phase 1 or phase 2 results. Those studies can still be internally valid and their evidence can remain reliable and informative in future analyses. The rationale in favor of another animal study is that it may be more productive or efficient in the long term to try and explain the discordance between some of the extant animal and human results, rather than simply continuing to test moxifloxacin-containing regimens in humans.
+B
+The argument in favor of B, another phase 1 study, is supported by the inconsistencies at phases 1 and 2. In addition to the above sub-trajectory, which tracks the negative results at phase 2, this line of reasoning adds a second trajectory of emphasis:
+These sub-trajectories suggest a need to better understand the pharmacokinetic properties of moxifloxacin when used with the other drugs in the standard anti-tuberculosis regimen. Nijland et al.’s (w5) finding that some combinations with moxifloxacin produce lower plasma concentrations relate directly to this point.
+C
+The argument in favor of C, another phase 2 trial, emphasizes differences in experimental design across the phase 2 studies, supported by the following sub-trajectories:
+Just as we discussed a robustly negative sub-trajectory, a researcher could emphasize the robustly positive sub-trajectory and claim that if any doubts about moxifloxacin’s potential efficacy remain, that these ought to be eliminated by another, rigorous phase 2.
+Importantly, the justification for C turns, in no small part, on assumptions about the purpose of the phase 2 trial and the threshold of evidence for proceeding to phase 3. If phase 2 trials are supposed to limit the number of candidate interventions for phase 3 strictly, then it may be reasonable to require at least a 2:1 positive-to-negative trial ratio, for example, before advancing. In which case, C seems a reasonable option. If, however, phase 2 trials are only supposed to rule out dangerous candidates, then three positive trials is arguably sufficient, and therefore, C would seem to be unnecessary.
+D
+This leads to the argument for D, a phase 3 trial, which could be justified on the grounds that moxifloxacin has been evaluated in three positive phase 2 trials, has not been ruled out as a novel candidate for inclusion in an effective anti-tuberculosis regimen, and is supported by the sub-trajectory:
+As we have already mentioned, the overall picture of moxifloxacin’s trajectory is largely positive – not perfect, but arguably robust. Therefore, it may be reasonable to proceed to phase 3, despite the inconsistency across phase 2. Indeed, we should acknowledge here the REMox-TB trial (NCT00864383), an in-progress phase 3 trial evaluating a moxifloxacin-containing regimen for the treatment of drug-susceptible tuberculosis. The results of this trial, although not yet available, can be understood, in part, as an empirical test of this line of reasoning. A positive and reproducible finding in the REMox-TB trial would be evidence that the AERO graph of Figure 4 reflects a promising trajectory. Inversely, a negative finding should cast doubt on the idea that such a trajectory is robust enough to justify a phase 3 trial.
+Summary
+Whichever direction is ultimately selected for future research, the AERO model can be dynamically updated in light of those new study results as they become available. For example, suppose that moxifloxacin researchers were to pursue both options A and C – another animal study and another phase 2 trial, respectively. And assume further that both of these turn out to be positive. This could potentially show that the researchers now better understand the predictive relationship between the animal and human models and perhaps finally tip the balance of phase 2 evidence clearly in favor of a moxifloxacin regimen.
+Yet, even before these studies are executed, researchers could use the AERO graph to strategize about future states of evidence. In contemplating option B, another phase 1 trial, one might reasonably question if that result, whatever it turns out to be, would be informative and useful enough to justify the opportunity cost of not pursuing A, C or D.
+We should also acknowledge that these alternative research strategies are neither exhaustive nor mutually exclusive. A well-funded research program may be able to pursue all of these and other options simultaneously. The aim in this section is simply to show how the AERO graph can help to clarify and sharpen the rationale for the various possibilities and in so doing, aid decision-making about the directions for further research.
+That said, the more fundamental questions elucidated by the moxifloxacin trajectory – calling into question the predictive value of the animal model, reconsidering the purpose for phase 2, and the appropriate thresholds of robustness at each phase transition – should not be overlooked, even if the decision is made to proceed to a phase 3 trial. Part of what Figure 4 illustrates is that there are many unanswered questions about moxifloxacin’s trajectory and the underlying causal relationships, and until at least some of these are addressed, a phase 3 trial, whatever its outcome, will be less informative that it could be, and hence, reflect an inefficient research strategy over the long term.
+Discussion
+Stepping back from this specific case study, there are a number of possible elaborations and applications of the AERO modeling approach that are worth discussing. To begin with, the color-coding we presented here, which classifies studies as positive, negative, or inconclusive, has significant virtues of simplicity and ease of interpretation, but this is far from the only option. For example, a continuous shading scale could be used to represent the effect size or precision of each study; or a five-point ordinal scale could be used, corresponding to the region of posterior interval. The fundamental structure of the AERO model is the directed acyclic graph with study-type strata; the other graphical properties can be extensible in any way that supports decision-making.
+The AERO graph can also be thought of as reflecting the maturity of causal knowledge within a given research domain. A robust field of mostly green nodes would suggest that investigators have full command of the mechanisms in the causal system, whereas a field of predominantly red or yellow nodes would suggest utter lack of contact with the causal factors. A pattern of pre-clinical green that consistently turns to red in clinical translation should cast doubt on the validity of pre-clinical models. A thin thread of green would perhaps suggest just a lucky find, while an evenly balanced network of green and red nodes would suggest a new, emerging domain with which investigators may have only a limited understanding.
+This relates to another extension of the approach – comparing and contrasting multiple trajectories. We could see such a comparative analysis being useful in a number of ways: For example, the AERO graph of a successfully translated agent could be used as the model for how new agents in a treatment domain ought to be vetted; or a population of AERO graphs could elucidate systematic differences in efficiency or risk and benefit across different research domains.
+Looking ahead to envision the potential utility of the AERO model, particularly as a means to improve the efficiency and coordination of the drug development enterprise, we believe that publications and protocols could both benefit from including an AERO graph. Just like other kinds of visual tools, such as Thorpe et al.’s PRECIS graph [33] or Langan et al.’s graphical augmentation to the meta-analytic funnel plot [34], serve to aid judgments about the quality and direction of evidence, so too can the AERO model help to make invisible or inchoate properties of the research system explicit.
+Indeed, AERO graphs could provide a convenient check for investigators, institutional review boards, journal editors, and physicians. The comprehensibility of the representation allows for anyone even modestly familiar with a particular domain to be able to compare and contrast alternative representations. As a consequence, a report that ignores a substantial portion of the available evidence can be more easily detected, since its representation will differ dramatically. This is not to contradict what we claimed earlier about disagreement, as different researchers may have equally legitimate interpretations of their field. However, the apparent contrast between interpretations of the evidence will demand an explanation for why the authors represented the field in one way rather than another.
+Conclusion
+The AERO model provides an immediate visual representation of the number of studies done at any mode, depicting both the direction of evidence and the relationship of each study to the larger translational trajectory. In so doing, it helps to address the widespread concerns about efficiency, coordination, and organization in translational medicine. To be sure, the visual representation does not capture all of the available information about a research program. For example, the details of differing experimental designs or conduct may be relevant to understanding failures of robustness. Just as we showed in the previous section, the argument for one course of action over another relies upon knowledge of these additional details about each experiment. Nevertheless, the AERO model provides a systematic representation that is capable of sharpening these judgments and revealing some of the existing patterns across a translational trajectory.
+We recognize that the approach we have presented here is but a preliminary sketch. While we have applied the AERO model to a single case study, much more work is needed to develop the approach to its full potential. But particularly given the stakes, thinking about ways to better analyze and judge the structure of clinical research programs as a whole seems a vital line of inquiry. The AERO model is one piece of this inquiry.
+Abbreviations
+AERO: Accumulating Evidence and Research Organization; DAG: Directedacyclic graph.
+Competing interest
+The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
+Authors’ contributions
+All authors contributed to the conception and design of the manuscript. SPH wrote all drafts. CMH and CW commented and suggested changes on all drafts. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
+Acknowledgements
+We thank Jonathan Kimmelman, William R MacKenzie, and Andrew Vernon for helpful comments and suggestions on earlier drafts.
+The findings and conclusions in this manuscript are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
+References
+Tall AR, Yvan-Charvet L, Wang N: The Failure of Torcetrapib: Was it the molecule or the mechanism?
+Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, Vasc Biol 2007, 27:257-260.
+Joy TR, Hegele RA: The failure of torcetrapib: what have we learned?
+British J Pharmacol 2008, 154:1379-1381.
+Zhao L, Jin W, Rader D, Packard C, Feuerstein G: A Translational Medicine perspective of the development of torcetrapib: Does the failure of torcetrapib development cast a shadow on future development of lipid modifying agents, HDL elevation strategies or CETP as a viable molecular target for atherosclerosis? A case study of the use of biomarkers and Translational Medicine in atherosclerosis drug discovery and development.
+Biochem Pharmacol 2009, 78:315-325.
+Arrowsmith J: Phase II failures: 2008-2010.
+Nat Rev Drug Discov 2011, 10:1.
+Morgan P, Graaf PHVD, Arrowsmith J, Feltner DE, Drummond KS, Wegner CD, Street SDA: Can the flow of medicines be improved? Fundamental pharamacokinetic and pharmacological principles toward improving Phase II survival.
+Drug Discov Today 2012, 17:419-424.
+Kola I, Landis J: Can the pharmaceutical industry reduce attrition rates?
+Nat Rev Drug Discov 2004, 3:711-715.
+Arrowsmith J: Phase III and submission failures: 2007–2010.
+Nat Rev Drug Discov 2011, 10:1.
+Boucher HW, Talbot GH, Bradley JSJr, JEE Gilbert D, Bartlett J, Rice LB: Bad Bugs, No Drugs: No ESKAPE! An Update from the Infectious Diseases Society of America.
+Clin Infect Dis 2009, 48:1-12.
+Seymour L, Ivy SP, Sargent D, Spriggs D, Baker L, Rubinstein L, Ratain MJ, Blanc ML, Stewart D, Crowley J, Groshen S, Humphrey JS, West P, Berry D: The design of phase II clinical trials testing cancer therapeutics: consensus recommendations from the clinical trial design task force of the National Cancer Institute Investigational Drug Steering Committee.
+Clin Cancer Res 2010, 16:1764-1769.
+StopTBPartnership: The global plan to stop TB.
+World Health Organization 2010
+[ webcite]
+Hey SP: Meta-heuristic strategies in scientific judgment. University of Western Ontario; 2011.
+Kimmelman J: A theoretical framework for early human studies: Uncertainty, intervention ensembles, and boundaries.
+Prinz F, Schlange T, Asadullah K: Believe it or not: how much can we rely on published data on potential drug targets?
+Nat Rev Drug Discov 2011, 10:712-713.
+Begley CG, Ellis LM: Raise standards for preclinical cancer research.
+Nature 2012, 483:531-533..
+Gillespie S, Billington O: Activity of Moxifloxacin against Mycobacteria.
+J Antimicrob Chemother 1999, 44:393-395.
+Shandil RK, Jayaram R, Kaur P, Gaonkar S, Suresh BL, Mahesh BN, Jayashree R, Nandi V, Bharath S, Balasubramanian-582.
+Miyazaki E, Miyazaki M, Chen J, Chaisson R, Bishai W: Moxifloxacin (BAY12-8039), a new 8-methoxyquinolone, is active in a mouse model of tuberculosis.
+Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1999, 43:85-89.
+Lounis N, Bentoucha A, Truffot-Pernot C, Ji B, O’Brien R, Vernon A, Roscigno G, Grosset J: Effectiveness of once-weekly Rifapentine and Moxifloxacin regimens against Mycobacterium tuberculosis in mice.
+Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2001, 45:3482-3486..
+Nuermberger E, Yoshimatsu T, Tyagi S, O’Brien R, Vernon A, Chaisson R, Bishai W, Grosset J: Moxifloxacin-containing regimen greatly reduces time to culture conversion in Murine tuberculosis.
+Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2004, 169:421-426.
+Gosling R, Uiso L, Sam N, Bongard E, Kanduma E, Nyindo M, Morris R, Gillespie S: The bactericidal activity of Moxifloxacin in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.
+Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2003, 168:1342-1345.
+Pletz M, Roux AD, Roth A, Neumann K, Mauch H, Lode H: Early bactericidal activity of Moxifloxacin in treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis: a prospective, randomized study.
+Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2004, 48:780-782.
+Gillespie S, Gosling R, Uiso L, Sam N, Kanduma E, McHugh T: Early bactericidal activity of a Moxifloxacin and Isoniazid combination in smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis.
+J Antimicrob Chemother 2005, 56:1169-1171.
+Johnson J, Hadad D, Boom W, Daley C, Peloquin C, Eisenach K, Jankus D, Debanne S, Charlebois E, et al.: Maciel E, et al.: Early and extended early bactericidal activity of Levofloxacin, Gatifloxacin and Moxifloxacin in pulmonary tuberculosis.
+Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2006, 10:605-612.
+Nijland HMJ, Ruslami R, Suroto AJ, Burger DM, Alisjahbana B, van Crevel R, Aarnoutse RE: Rifampicin reduces plasma concentrations of Moxifloxacin in patients with tuberculosis.
+Clin Infect Dis 2007, 45:1001-1007.
+Peloquin CA, Hadad DJ, Molino LPD,, 52:852-857.
+Burman W, Goldberg S, Muzanye JJG, Engle M, Mosher A, Choudhri S, Daley C, Munsiff S, et al.: Zhao Z, et al.: Moxifloxacin versus Ethambutol in the first 2 months of treatment for pulmonary tuberculosis.
+Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2006, 174:331-338.
+Rustomjee R, Lienhardt C, Kanyok T, for TB (OFLOTUB) study team G: A phase II study of the sterilising activities of Ofloxacin, Gatifloxacin and Moxifloxacin in pulmonary tuberculosis.
+Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2008, 12:128-138.
+Conde M, Efron A, Loredo C, Souza GD, Gracxa N, Cezar M, Ram M, Chaudhary M, Bishai W, Kritski A, Chaisson R: Moxifloxacin versus Ethambutol in the initial treatment of tuberculosis: a double-blind, randomised, controlled phase II trial.
+Lancet 2009, 53:1314-1319.
+Dorman S, Johnson J, et al.: Goldberg S, et al.: Substitution of Moxifloxacin for Isoniazid during intensive phase treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis.
+Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2009, 180:273-280.
+Wang JY, Wang JT, Tsai T, Hsu C, Yu C, Hsueh P, Lee L, Yang P: Adding Moxifloxacin is associated with a shorter time to culture conversion in pulmonary tuberculosis.
+Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2009, 14:65-71..
+Langan D, Higgins JPT, Gregory W, Sutton AJ: Graphical augmentations to the funnel plot assess the impact of additional evidence on a meta-analysis.
+J Clin Epidemiol 2012, 65:511-519.
+Transience
+By Meghan O’Brien
+Yes, Jeremy decided, half-open mouth evidence of his interrupted chewing, spoon entirely forgotten, held loosely between shaky fingers. Entirely too surreal. In the more than ten years of mornings reading the paper at the kitchen table, eating breakfast silently as he caught himself up on the world, he’d never once come across an obituary for someone he’d actually known. And Dane…
+With some effort, Jeremy began chewing again, slowly, unthinking, and swallowed tasteless cornflakes. A mouthful of coffee failed to wash away all of the dry roughness in his throat. He looked at the paper again, at the picture that had caught his eye, not so much an obituary as a small article, “Local Man Killed in Apartment Fire”. Next to the typeset black and white words a small picture, unfocused and rather unflattering, but immediately familiar and breathtaking. Someone he’d known, loved, for fifteen years, once as intimately comfortable as home and now, somehow, five years removed, utterly alien to him. Unknown, impossibly; he’d stared unbelievingly at the picture for at least a minute, at first, knowing it was Dane but not recognizing the face in a way, anymore.
+But it was Dane, he knew, skimming the words of the article with anxious eyes. He didn’t understand his reaction to this, to seeing this article. Sure, there was grief, he felt that and knew it and allowed it to unfurl through his body, smoky tendrils of the bittersweet feeling settling into his back, his neck, his limbs. He felt grief, and he felt how it weighted him down on his chair, his body suddenly heavier for it. The other emotions, though… regret, maybe. And separation, foreignness… a sense of not quite being able to understand something, to put his mind around it and master its elusiveness.
+He remembered the last time they’d spoken; now, what, five years before? This was a memory he’d revisited semi-frequently, on dark, lonely nights laying in bed listening to his own breath for want of something better to do; on bright days of adrenaline-charged feeling, exhilaration, joy at being alive, and the sudden emptiness of solely owning that feeling, unable to reach out and offer it, share it with another. Now at his kitchen table, paper lying flat below unfeeling fingers and against hard wood, revisiting it once again. Jeremy closed his eyes and leaned back. He saw again, as he always did, Dane’s face from that day. His look of anger and hurt and sadness and pity, his low voice made lower from emotion.
+“It just seems like such a waste, you know,” Dane had said; lowering green eyes to the ground before looking up again, eyes betraying a hint of hope, hope that things could be resolved, restored. “Fifteen years, I mean,” he held Jeremy’s brown eyes, imploring.
+“Dane, I just,” Jeremy paused, gathering words, “I just don’t think this is working anymore. I don’t think either of us is happy at this point.”
+“I was happy, Jeremy,” Dane said, eyes slipping shut momentarily. His voice was cold and quiet. “Maybe I wasn’t happy all the time, but I was happy enough.” He opened his eyes, which were harder now, staring. “Nobody’s happy all the time, Jeremy,” his expression tightened, “I think you expect too much. I think you’re always going to be disappointed”.
+Jeremy opened his eyes and looked down at the paper, wondering why Dane in the black and white photo looked so unlike the Dane preserved in his memory. Was he right? Am I still disappointed?
+Jeremy frowned slightly and took another sip of coffee, not tasting it. I may not be “happy”, at least not a lot of the time, but I don’t know that I’m “disappointed”. Even as he rationalized to himself he knew that these were the thoughts he’d been struggling with, the truth he’d been realizing, over the past year or so. He was forty-six years old now, not as attractive or fit or even just fucking motivated enough to pursue the pleasures he’d coveted in his youth, and he was tired. All the things he’d thought were important, the missed opportunities and endless possibilities of life, he was too tired of chasing them. He always expected his life to change, improve somehow, he expected that he would achieve some sort of nirvana in which his professional, social, and romantic lives would all just click and he would be at some kind of pinnacle, having found the perfect life of fulfillment and pleasure. He’d pursue something, or feel desire to pursue something, and in the end he always found himself discarding things, tossing them left and right as he moved forward, onward, in search of something better. Including Dane, he mused sadly, tracing a finger over newsprint, the pixilated photo a sorry substitute for warm skin he’d once so easily taken for granted.
+The night he’d met Dane, memorable not only because he’d been introduced to his future lover but also because it had been the first time he’d actually slept with a man, not Dane but someone else at the bar, someone with blond hair and perfect teeth and a name which was utterly lost to time. Jeremy had noticed Dane that night, had even felt a hot flash of quick attraction to him, but they had done nothing more than talk loudly to each other over pulsing music for about fifteen minutes before Jeremy politely extracted himself from the conversation, interested more in the possibility of a casual thrill than in the “getting to know you” chit-chat that seemed even more awkward in loud bars than in real life.
+Much of their conversation was entirely forgotten to Jeremy, much to his frustration. But there had been one thing, one exchange that had never left his heart, that he’d held close ever since he’d realized how much Dane meant to him, and maybe even a little before he’d realized, too.
+Jeremy had just made some excuse about why he had to leave the conversation, but assured Dane that, yes, he would love to see him around again and, yes, it had been really great talking to him. He leaned backwards, his body communicating his intention to retreat, when Dane had reached a calm hand over to grip Jeremy’s bicep lightly, stopping any thought of walking for Jeremy. His green eyes seemed to deepen, the color darkening and the pupils intense, “I’m being honest right now… I really enjoyed talking to you. I find you extremely interesting… and attractive, of course. I know this is not the cool thing to do here, but… I’m not going to play games, because that’d drive me crazy, and I’m not going to spend the rest of my life wondering what would have happened if I’d just been honest with you, because that’d also drive me crazy, so… this is me being honest. I find you very attractive and would really like to get to know you better. I’d like to give you my number and I’d really like it if you’d call me and maybe we can spend some time together…” Dane stopped talking, and blushed, and Jeremy had stood, somewhat stunned, wondering what to do with this unusually open speech.
+Jeremy’s first thought was that this guy was weird, really weird. His next thought was that he was also very possibly incredibly sweet and, just… intriguing, if he was being sincere. And it seemed too weird to not be sincere. Amazingly, uncharacteristically, Jeremy felt something a little deeper than he was used to feeling, right in his chest and between his legs. He considered the strangeness of the situation and his reaction to it, and then smiled.
+“I’ll call you,” he said softly, almost shyly. “I’m… being honest, too. Honestly.” Jeremy grinned to hide his awkwardness.
+Dane’s answering grin was something Jeremy desperately wanted to remember, something he had once remembered, vividly, his most cherished memory of a man who had somehow managed to capture and keep his interest for not one night or one week or one month, but nearly fifteen years. That grin was something he’d called up often in his mind at the beginning of their relationship, his own present-day grin matching the illusive grin in his memory, reflecting on his love and his happiness and his luck. It was something he’d called up less frequently in later years with Dane, whose comfortable presence was always appreciated but now seemed less exciting, less new, less awe inducing. And that grin was something he’d barely seen, barely thought about during the last year or so, when he was so focused on his own thoughts of new experiences and new people and, just, something different. After they broke up and Jeremy had enthusiastically pursued the “new” for months, a couple years, that grin was something that seeped back into Jeremy’s mind again on occasion. Some times more than others; dark, lonely nights or bright days, and Jeremy had felt genuine distress at the fact that this memory, once so treasured and then so abandoned, was faded and felt awkward and untrue.
+What was Dane wearing that night? He wondered, closing his eyes and squinting in an effort to bring forth a detailed image in his mind. I must have known that at some point. For so long that night was so important to me, so much a part of who I was. He sighed and opened his eyes. And what exactly did I think when I first saw him? He knew nothing of the beginning of their conversation, but what he did remember was the goofy smile that had refused to leave his face as he’d walked away from Dane. He remembered how he’d still gone out and found someone to take home with him, to take his virginity, a source of irrational shame for Jeremy at the time, twenty-one years old with little experience. He remembered that even as he’d experienced his first sexual encounter, he was thinking of Dane, and honesty, and that grin, and when he came, part of him was thinking of that grin, a grin he swore he’d never forget. It had been something so genuine in an existence filled with things he couldn’t trust. He had trusted that grin. And he had made good on his own request for Dale’s trust, his promise, and Jeremy had called him four days later to make a date.
+Jeremy felt a tear now, the first one he’d been conscious of, but, fingers trailing absently over his cheek, obviously not the first one he’d shed. What was that last fight even about? He had a vague memory of feeling so upset, so trapped, so irritated and hungry for release from his life. It had seemed so important at the time, the things he was missing. He’d imagined he was missing all kinds of things, things that were wonderful and that would fulfill him, things he could reach out and touch if only if it weren’t for Dane. What was that fight about? I remember… something set me off and I started yelling. I was so aggressive, I know that, but I just can’t… I don’t know why. The fight had been a catalyst, an excuse for Jeremy to release all his rage and uncertainty and desire and frustration, and the words and feelings had hung heavily over them like thick smoke, choking Jeremy in the effort to expel it all and strangling Dane into shocked silence.
+“Is that how you really feel about our relationship?” Dane had asked him, eyes shiny with tears, voice wavering from the effort to contain them.
+And Jeremy remembered that he’d confirmed it, now thinking that his words had been lies, or if not lies than the product of ignorance, stupid ignorance and ingratitude. He had felt that way about the relationship then, somehow, he knew he must have, but after all this time he couldn’t remember why. And that, more than anything, killed him inside.
+And I can’t even remember that grin, he thought sadly, staring at the picture in the paper again, at his fingers that ran over it as if he could somehow reach the man immortalized there. As if he could somehow apologize and reconnect with him, recapture those fifteen long years, reclaim the five since which he had thrown away like so much garbage.
+Jeremy didn’t know if Dane had found someone else after him, hadn’t spoken to him or asked after him since that last conversation, hadn’t even seen him since the moment Dane had turned around and silently walked out of their apartment, leaving Jeremy to quick gather his things and depart. He wasn’t sure if Dane had spent his last five years lonely or happy, regretful or satisfied. Is there anyone left to grieve for Dane as a lover? Or is it just me? Dane’s parents had died eight years ago and he’d been an only child. What family he’d had left had never been close, and Jeremy knew he’d been the only family Dane had really had in so many years. And I can’t even remember that grin, or what his voice sounded like when he was excited, or sleepy, or exactly what color his eyes were. Jeremy shook his head in self-disgust closed the newspaper in front of him, hands pressing flat against the front page as if to keep the obituary, and the feelings it had provoked, safely inside.
+Five, ten seconds. Then Jeremy removed his hands from the smooth paper, grabbed his coffee cup and his half-full bowl of soggy cereal, and pushed back his chair to stand up. “I’m sorry,” he said softly, looking down at the table, and then turned to start a new day.
+An anatomy of shikakes
+Abstract
+We propose a framework to dissect a shikake to identify its fundamental aspect as a shikake. The framework consists of four elements: mechanics to cause the effect; action provoked, prompted, or inspired by the mechanics; effect observed as the result of the action; and principle, which explains how and why the mechanics lead to the effect through the action. By using these four elements, this paper presents the anatomies of three artifacts as shikakes: (1) a telescope-like cylinder in the zoo as a canonical example of a shikake; (2) a museum candle, which we have designed and studied as a probe to investigate the inspirational experience at a museum; and (3) an omni-viscosity string, which we have developed for communicating weight through visual interactivity by using pseudo-haptics. The anatomies demonstrate that a shikake’s low-cost and simple but yet effective nature comes from the aspect that exploits human psychology, cognition, and perception, and that the principle element plays a key role to ascribe the way the action mediates the mechanics and the effect to human nature.
+KeywordsShikake anatomy Theoretical framework Shikake principle Design Probes Illusion
+1 Introduction
+A shikake is an embodied trigger to change behavior (Matsumura 2013). Matsumura has described that the trigger is designed to induce a specific behavior, which could then lead to solving a social or personal issue.
+Shikakeology is the study of shikakes. The goal of shikakeology is said to “codify the cause and effect of Shikake cases from physical and psychological points of view, and to establish a Shikake design methodology” ().
+Our research goal is to develop an understanding of the power and value of shikakes, and why shikakeology is interesting and promising as an academic research field. The aim of this paper, rather than to examine individual shikake instances, was to develop a theoretical framework to help us distinguish shikakes from non-shikakes, to understand how and why shikakes have social impact, and to design shikakes for particular social and personal problems.
+The major part of the existing shikakeology research falls into the following three types: to analyze an existing artifact and interpret it as a shikake, to design an artifact as a shikake and analyze its effect, or to develop theoretical accounts for shikakes. Representative examples of the first type of research are that given by Matsumura (2013), which lists as shikakes a number of existing artifacts, such as a cylinder with a telescope-like appearance in the zoo to invite people to look at a replica of elephant dung, or a shrine gate drawn on the bottom of an outside wall of a public place, which reminds people of a holy place and functions to discourage people from littering. That paper treats such examples as the denotational definition of shikakes.
+In addition, Hanamura (2013) presents three art installation projects that have changed people’s awareness and perception of the world, including photo-taking of an outside environment with tiny figures placed in the environment (“Gulliver’s scope”), nature-walking in the natural environment with embedded fake plants (“the Fourth Nature”), and artificial fog-making and fog-clearing in a hospital’s courtyard (“Shining Spring after Clearing Fog”).
+A second type of shikake research demonstrates how a shikake changes people’s behavior. Examples include wearable smart devices for increasing self-awareness of one’s own health (Maeyer and Jacobs 2013), games for disaster education (Lin et al. 2013) or for creating new ideas (Hayashi and Ohsawa 2013), avaters for rehabilitating aphasia patients (Konnerup 2013), persuasive feedback mechanisms in a public environment to encourage people to avoid displaying problematic behavior (Huang et al. 2013), pattern language and storytelling to mediate and encourage learning about a town-walking experience (Suwa and Kato 2013), and the mutual understanding metric (MUM) and matrix of choices (eMOC) for promoting mutual understanding and creatively making collaborative decisions in global business meetings (Fruchter and Medlock 2013).
+Some studies develop models and categorization for shikakes in general as a third type of shikake research. Matsumura and Fruchter (2013) present a categorization scheme for characterizing different types of shikake triggers. Triggers are first categorized as physical, psychological, or both and then further labeled in terms of how the trigger leads to a change in people’s behavior. Priyadarshy and Nguyen-Ngo (2013) present so-called Trigger Piggybacking as a way to help design triggers. They argue for the importance of a value system associated with a trigger, which “reinforces values and leaves itself open to interpretation. This openness is the key to driving a user’s desire to perform a behavior.” Inclezan (2013) uses answer set prolog (ASP) to formally represent and explain how a shikake leads people to change their behaviors, such as “typically” do this and “normally” do that.
+The study of the anatomy we present in this paper falls into the third category. To complement the existing macroscopic approach for understanding a shikake [such as the categorization scheme described above (Matsumura and Fruchter 2013)], we propose four elements as a way to provide an anatomy for a shikake from the microscopic view of understanding. In this regard, our approach is similar to that of Takatalo et al. (2013), which uses the experiential cycle to describe “how experience evolves in an active human–environment interaction process.” The difference is that whereas their approach focuses on the interdependence and relationships between elements of human cognition and psychology (such as perception, motivation, emotion, attention, and body) when people interact with a shikake, our focus is on the elements of a shikake, which involves humans as well as physical and logical artifacts as essential components. We think the two approaches would complement each other in developing a macroscopic model for shikakes.
+Section 2 of this paper presents our proposed framework to provide an anatomy for a shikake, consisting of the following four elements: mechanics, action, effect, and principle. These four elements are then used to dissect three artifacts as shikakes. Section 3 describes the anatomy of the canonical example of a shikake, the telescope-like cylinder in the zoo (Matsumura 2013). Section 4 describes that of the museum candle, which we have designed and studied as a probe (Boehner et al. 2007) to investigate the inspirational experience at a museum. Section 5 describes that of the omni-viscosity string (Nakakoji et al. 2012) we developed for communicating weight through visual interactivity (Nakakoji et al. 2010) by using pseudo-haptics (Lecuyer 2009), a type of haptic illusion.
+2 The four elements for shikake anatomy
+This section introduces a framework to dissect a shikake to identify its fundamental structure as its anatomy.
+2.1 The four elements
+- (1)
+mechanics to cause the effect;
+- (2)
+action provoked, prompted, or inspired by the mechanics;
+- (3)
+effect observed as the result of the action; and
+- (4)
+principle, which explains how and why the mechanics leads to the effect through the action.
+Four elements for shikake anatomy: mechanics, action, effect, and principle
+The mechanics element describes the physical and logical representations of artifacts, including devices, gadgets, hardware, and software objects. It also includes signs, text, symbols, diagrams, and other visual, audio, tactile, olfactory, or gustatory expressions, as well as how they are presented and situated in the real world.
+The action element describes what a person does, perceives, and feels by interacting with, engaging in, or reacting to the mechanics.
+The effect element describes what emerges, happens, and changes as the result of people taking the action. The effect may take place in people’s posture, activities, movement, perception, beliefs, or knowledge.
+The principle element describes the relationships among the first three elements. The principle accounts for how and why the mechanics leads to the effect through the action in terms of the perceptual, cognitive, ergonomical, and social nature of human beings.
+2.2 How the anatomy helps us further study shikakeology
+- (1)
+Distinguishing mechanics from actions helps us to understand the intended design of an artifact versus what people actually do with it as a consequence of having the mechanics.
+- (2)
+Distinguishing effect from actions helps us to focus on the aim of the shikake and prevents us from being distracted by other resulting observable actions.
+- (3)
+Identifying the actions that mediate the mechanics and the effect helps us to understand the essential part of shikakes, which distinguishes shikakes from other types of behavior-inducing approaches, such as affordances (Gaver 1991), signifiers (Norman 2010), and persuasive technologies (Fogg 2002).
+- (4)
+The value and excitement of shikakeology lies in the principle element.
+2.3 Anatomy of the three cases
+- (1)
+the telescope-like cylinder in the Tennoji zoo,
+- (2)
+the museum candle, and
+- (3)
+the omni-viscosity string.
+The first artifact is a canonical example of a shikake, which has been introduced by Matsumura (2013) and used by many researchers to communicate the concept of a shikake.
+The second and third artifacts, which were not originally designed as shikakes, are what we have designed and studied in two different research contexts. We have found that the essential part of each artifact is a shikake in the sense that it triggered people to take different courses of action than originally intended. As examples, the museum candle was originally designed as a probe to gain understanding of how museum visitors would experience exhibited objects in a new manner, and the omni-viscosity string was a part of the project that explored the use of pseudo-haptics, a type of tactile illusion.
+The following sections present the anatomies of the three dissected artifacts.
+3 An anatomy of the cylinder in the zoo
+This section starts with a brief description of the cylinder in the Tennoji zoo as a shikake. We then explain the shikake from the four elements of its anatomy.
+3.1 A brief description of the cylinder in the Tennoji zoo
+The cylinder installed in the Tennoji zoo has been used as a canonical example in the field of shikakeology (Matsumura 2013). This subsection gives a brief depiction of the shikake; Matsumura (2013) discusses its detail.
+Cylinder in the Tennoji zoo as a shikake
+Matsumura (2013) provides a detailed argument about why and how this simple mechanism of a cylinder installed in the environment effectively invites people to focus on the small object, gets them interested in it, and possibly encourages them to know more about elephants and their biology. Matsumura states that the underlying mechanisms of the cylinder include the telescope metaphor, signifier of a hole, curiosity, and social effect.
+3.2 The cylinder anatomy
+We have dissected the cylinder shikake from the four elements introduced in Sect. 2.
+A telescope-like cylinder is laid approximately at the height of the average person’s eyes. One end of the cylinder is oriented toward an imitation of elephant’s dung placed on the ground. The cylinder is set up at the side of a pathway where people pass by.
+A person walks up to the cylinder and peeps through the cylinder. A person who walks by the site and sees someone looking into the cylinder stops and takes a turn at looking into the cylinder in a similar manner.
+People find and look at the replica of elephant dung through the cylinder with a bit of excitement.
+People instinctively look inside the telescope-like cylinder out of curiosity. A person looking into the cylinder would almost always see what is located in the pointed direction of the cylinder. A person who sees someone looking into the telescope-like cylinder near the pathway would also become interested in trying it out, come closer to the cylinder, and take a turn looking into the cylinder (the so-called snowball effect). A person looking through the cylinder and finding something on the other side of the cylinder would get the feeling of finding and discovering something.
+4 An anatomy of the museum candle
+This section describes the museum candle as well as the museum candle workshop we have conducted with ten participants at a museum and explains how the participants interacted with and engaged in the use of the museum candle in the workshop. It then presents the anatomy of the museum candle based on the workshop experience.
+4.1 An overview of the museum candle
+Museum candle without the paper cover (left) and in front of the painting (right)
+The museum candle was originally designed as a probe to investigate how a museum experience inspires a visitor in our museum experiences and service science (MESS) project. A probe is a type of instrument used in designing human–computer interaction (Boehner et al. 2007; Gaver et al. 2004). Probes are typically simple devices and gadgets, and are introduced and set up in a practical setting to invoke surprises, reveal unexpected reactions, and capture the “aha moment” in the in situ environment. We have designed and set up a set of objects and a course of actions as probes in a physical museum space to observe how visitors interact with or react to them, how the objects and activities affect what the people do, and how they perceive the objects and activities.
+The idea of using candle light as a probe for looking at Japanese paintings came about through a conversation among a few of our project members and a museum curator. The curator mentioned that when the paintings were originally drawn, candles were the only available means for lighting, and that the painters probably produced such drawings assuming that they would be appreciated with candle light in the evenings. We proposed that the authenticity of the environment for an exhibited object would be a key element for an inspirational museum experience.
+Because using a real candle flame in front of priceless old paintings is not allowed, the project members came up with the idea of using a simple LED light. After testing different colored LED lights, we installed the desired light on top of an actual candle holder. We placed a heavy paper cover in front of the lighting part to prevent any direct glare to the user. We also set up a little motion sensor at the bottom of the candle holder to collect data on where and in what direction the candle was held.
+4.2 Workshop using the museum candle
+We held a workshop using the museum candle at Hakodate City Museum in Hokkaido, Japan, on May 26, 2013. The museum has a tea house as an archival object in the basement, and we decided to use the tea house for exhibiting old paintings because those paintings were often drawn for the purpose of being hung and shown in a tea ceremony.
+We installed the old Japanese painting Yamazakura to Mejiro [Wild cherry blossoms and a Japanese white eye] by Hakyo Kakizaki in the tea house’s Tokonoma (the dedicated corner of a tea ceremony room for hanging a thematic painting and placing a seasonal flower arrangement for the tea ceremony). We then made the entire tea house dark by turning off the ceiling lights, generating the evening ambience.
+The ten participants in the workshop consisted of seven women and three men, whose ages ranged from their thirties to their seventies. Their sessions consisted of looking at the painting and participating in semi-structured post-workshop interviews, which were videotaped.
+In this paper, we primarily focus on how the museum candle was used and how the participants interacted with it. This paper does not include the analyses of the data collected at the workshop, which is outside of the scope of this paper and will be presented elsewhere.
+4.3 How people interacted with the museum candle
+Using the museum candle in the workshop
+Participants held the museum candle in front of their bodies, as seen in Fig. 4. The luminance of the museum candle light had been set rather weak (to mimic real candle brightness), and participants typically brought the candle very close to the painting (10–20 cm away from the surface of the painting). At the same time, they leaned forward to look at the painting from a short distance. (The lit area looks much larger in Fig. 4 than the actual visible area due to the camera’s sensitivity). Because the floor of the Tokonoma is raised (about 12 cm high), and people are not supposed to step into the Tokonoma area (according to Japanese culture), viewers typically balanced on one knee on the Tatami area and leaned their upper bodies toward the painting.
+With the museum candle, the lit area of the painting was rather limited. The visible part was about 15–30 cm in diameter, depending on how close the candle was placed to the surface of the painting. Because of the diffusion of the light, the brighter it was made, the smaller the visible area became. Some participants kept moving the candle over the surface of the painting. They moved their heads according to where the candle was held. Some of the participants held the candle with their right hand and leaned sideways toward the left to look at the lit part of the painting at the back of the handheld candle.
+In the post-workshop interviews, we found that the participants appreciated the experience of using the museum candle because, as one participant said, “it allowed me to look at the painting more carefully with more detail instead of looking at the whole painting at once purposelessly” (uttered originally in Japanese).
+4.4 The museum candle anatomy
+Museum candle as a shikake
+A painting is hung on a wall in a dark room. An LED-lit candle about 15–20 cm in length is set on the candle holder, and a sheet of thick paper is half-wrapped loosely around the candle holder so that the glare of the candle flame is not directly visible to the person who holds the candle.
+A person who is given the museum candle in the dark room to look at the painting on the wall holds the candle chest high and moves closer to the painting to light up the surface of the painting. The person may lean forward to have a better look at the part of the painting that is lit in the glow of the candle. The candle position is then moved to light up different areas of the surface of the painting, and the person’s head moves accordingly to get a closer look at the lit area.
+The person moves very close to the painting and focuses on a small part of the painting at a time. The viewer looks at the painting in a more actively engaging manner, deciding where to look by moving the candle position.
+Because the room is dark and the glow of the candle is rather faint and limited, the person holding the candle up moves very close to the painting. The lit-up and thereby visible area of the painting is small, leading the person to focus on one particular part of the surface of the painting at a time rather than looking at the entire painting from a distance. A person can freely move the candle along the surface of the painting with full control over which area of the painting to view, which then invites more active engagement in the browsing experience. Holding the candle as the single light source gives the candle holder an excuse to move very close to the painting, which may not be a socially acceptable in a public space if the person were not holding the candle.
+5 An anatomy of the omni-viscosity string
+Omni-viscosity string on a tablet device (the mouse cursor added on this figure shows the position of the fingertip when dragging the string)
+This section describes the mechanism of the omni-viscosity string and a preliminary user study that uses the string to investigate whether the displayed string communicates weight with users. It then presents the anatomy of the string as a shikake based on our observations from the study.
+5.1 The mechanism of the omni-viscosity string
+As a user touches any part of the omni-viscosity string displayed on a tablet device and drags it with the fingertip, the touched part of the string follows, which then changes the string shape (Fig. 6). The string is assigned a variety of “visual” stiffnesses. When the string is set to the hardest stiffness, the dragged string behaves like an iron wire. When the string is set to the softest stiffness, the dragged string behaves like a silk thread. This is the origin of the name of the string as omni-viscosity.
+The design of the string is composed of hundreds of line segments of equal length, each of which connects two adjacent points of a sequence of points. When a user touches and drags a part of the string with the fingertip, the closest point touched by the user follows the location of the fingertip. The locations of the rest of the points are then calculated based on the strength parameter, which is used to express the variety of stiffnesses of the string.
+Underlying algorithm for different viscosities (soft to hard, from the left)
+When the user drags the controlled point P n (x,y) to P′ n (x,y), its adjacent point P n+1(x,y) moves to P′ n+1(x,y). The distance and the direction of the movement of P n+1 are determined by the movement of P n (or P′ n (x,y)−P n (x,y)) and the strength parameters, and those of P n+2 are determined by those of P n+1 and s. The movement of each point is thus propagated from the controlled point toward the two terminal points of the string on the two end points while the distance between each two adjacent points on the string remains constant.
+When the strength parameter s is set to 1.0, the distance and direction of the movement of the controlled point P n (x,y) are propagated equally to P n+1(x,y), P n+2(x,y), and all the other points. Thus, the string keeps the exact shape as the user drags a part of the string on a touch screen. The string feels very hard, similar to an iron wire.
+When s is set to 0.0, the propagated movement to adjacent points is a minimum while keeping the distance between the two adjacent points constant. The visual transformation of the string shape then becomes very smooth, and the string feels very soft, similar to a silk thread.
+By dynamically changing the strength parameter while the user drags the string, the algorithm demonstrates different degrees of visual viscosity of the string.
+5.2 A preliminary user study using the omni-viscosity string
+We have conducted a preliminary user study to investigate whether a user feels a different weight according to the different visual stiffnesses the omni-viscosity string demonstrates on the tablet display.
+Experimental setting using the omni-viscosity string
+Each trial task consisted of two experimental sessions, the base session and the comparison session. In the base session, we asked the participant to firmly touch the small area at the bottom of the string, and in the comparison session, we asked the participant to softly touch the same area.
+When each experimental session starts, a gray box slowly moves down from the top of the screen toward the bottom. When the bottom of this box starts to touch the top of the stick-like omni-viscosity string, the string starts to bend as though the box is pushing the string and the string is trying to hold the box up. In about 10 s, the box stops moving down. In the base session, the gray box always stops at the base position (level 3, which is the middle one in the bottom row of Fig. 8). In the comparison session, the gray box stops at a randomly selected level of string bending (levels 1 through 5). Note that how the box moves down on the touch screen is not affected by how firmly or softly the participant holds the bottom part of the string. The box moves down and stops constantly for the base session and randomly for the comparison session, and how the participant holds the string is due only to the instruction we gave to the participant at the beginning of the session. This user study is designed to see whether the changing shape of the held string affects how people behave depending on how firmly or softly they are instructed to hold the string.
+We asked participants to engage in 50 trial tasks in a row. In the first session of each trial task, the user is instructed as to how to hold the string (firmly if it is for the base session or softly if it is for the comparison session). As soon as the participant touches and holds the bottom of the string, the gray box starts to come down from the top of the screen and then stops. In the second session, the participant is instructed to hold the string the opposite way (softly or firmly). After the two consecutive sessions, we asked the participant to choose which one was heavier (the first session or the second session). The right-most picture on the upper row of Fig. 8 shows a snapshot of one session. The order of the base and comparison sessions was randomized and balanced for each participant. Each study took about 45–60 min per participant, depending on how quickly a participant made choices.
+We collected results on which of the two sessions the participant chose as heavier in each of the 50 trial tasks—the base setting or the comparison setting—and then analyzed the distribution of the levels of the comparison setting.
+If there were no visual or behavioral effect at all, the result would be that each comparison setting chosen as heavier would be 50 %, as though they are chosen randomly.
+If there were a visual effect (i.e., the different amount of bending of the string) but no effect of the holding strength (i.e., firmly or softly), the result would be that levels 1 and 2 would be chosen more (or less), levels 4 and 5 would be chosen less (or more), and that level 3 would be chosen 50 % because the base session was level 3.
+Results of the two preliminary user studies
+The result indicates that when the participant sees that a string bends in a certain manner, the participant finds the falling box heavier if the participant is holding the string firmly, and the falling box lighter if the participant is holding the string softly. Note that whether holding the string firmly or softly does not affect the system behavior, and it is merely a matter of feedforward information to the participants (Nakakoji et al. 2011).
+With the omni-viscosity string implementation, we have found that visual interactivity has led people to behave differently in making choices regarding which is heavier. This effect is a type of pseudo-haptics, a type of tactile illusion (Lecuyer et al. 2004; Lecuyer 2009). The illusion in haptics has been studied for quite a long time, and the size–weight illusion is well known: if two objects have the same material look and the same weight, people tend to perceive the smaller one as heavier (Ross 1969). With the virtual reality implementation for testing the size–weight illusion, it has been found by using electromyography (EMG) that people in fact not only say that they think the smaller object is heavier, but they use more force on their forearm (Koike et al. 2006). They are changing their behavior through the illusion.
+5.3 The anatomy of the omni-viscosity string as a shikake
+Omni-viscosity string as a shikake
+A large box appears in the upper part of the display of a touch-based tablet device, and one end of a vertical string, the length of which is about one-third of the length of the area, is anchored at the bottom of the display. The box slowly moves down toward the top of the string, and as the bottom of the box touches the tip of the string, the string starts bending as though it is being pushed by the box and is pushing back. A person is instructed to keep touching the bottom of the string either firmly or softly to support the string. How the person touches the string is actually ignored and not taken into account for what is displayed, but the person is not told that. The box stops falling at a certain amount of bending of the string.
+The person who is instructed to keep holding the bottom of the bending string firmly or softly as the box falls down feels the weight. The more the string bends, the more weight the person feels. The person who keeps touching the bottom of the string firmly feels more weight, even if the amount of bending is not so much.
+The person, who is asked to keep holding the string, feels more weight with the increased bending of the string, which is displayed as though the string is being pushed by the falling box and is pushing back. The person feels more weight if instructed to hold the string more firmly, although the amount of bending of the string remains the same.
+The display is of a box falling from the top and a short vertical string from the bottom appearing to be supporting the box with different amounts of falling and bending. The instruction to the person is to keep touching the bottom of the string either firmly or softly to hold the string, which makes the person feel different weights as the result of pseudo-haptics, a type of tactile illusion. The person feels weight differently by changing the visual stiffness of the string, as well as by changing the instruction to keep touching the bottom of the string either firmly or softly. The pseudo-haptics comes from the nature of human perception, in which vision dominates touch, and the perception of weight depends on the feedforward mechanism.
+6 Discussion
+We think that the principle element (Table 4) plays a key role in establishing a shikake as a low-cost, effective, human-centered means to solve a personal and social problem. Matsumura states that the beauty of a shikake is that “low-cost and easy-to-implement” mechanics results in behavior change. Matsumura (2013) explains that “the fundamental mechanism underlying a shikake is simple. This merit of a shikake is [that] it enables ordinary people as well as experts to make their own shikakes to solve their own issues with their best efforts.”
+The anatomies demonstrate that a shikake’s low-cost and simple yet effective nature come from the aspect that exploits human psychology, cognition, and perception, and that the principle element plays a key role to ascribe the way the action mediates the mechanics and the effect on human nature.
+7 Conclusion
+This paper presented our proposed framework to dissect a shikake to understand its anatomy. We have demonstrated the uses of the framework by presenting the anatomies of the three artifacts. Our future work includes analyzing other shikake examples as well as non-shikake examples in terms of the four principles, and to further develop the theoretical framework for shikakeology.
+Footnotes
+Notes
+Acknowledgments
+This work was partially supported by CREST, JST, and S3FIRE, RISTEX, JST. We appreciate people who participated in the workshop and the user studies.
+References
+- Boehner K, Vertesi J, Sengers P, Dourish P (2007) How HCI interprets the probes. In: Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on human factors in computing systems 2007, ACM, New York, pp 1077–1086Google Scholar
+- Fogg BJ (2002) Persuasive technology: using computers to change what we think and do. Morgan Kaufmann, BurlingtonGoogle Scholar
+- Fruchter R, Medlock L (2013) A journey from island of knowledge to mutual understanding in global business meetings. In: Proceedings of the AAAI Spring Symposium 2013, Stanford, pp 17–21Google Scholar
+- Gaver W (1991) Technology affordances. In: Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on human factors in computing systems (CHI ‘91). ACM, New York, pp 79–84Google Scholar
+- Gaver W, Boucher A, Pennington S, Walker B (2004) Cultural probes and the value of uncertainty. Interactions 11(5):53–56CrossRefGoogle Scholar
+- Hanamura C (2013) Study on landscape ostranenie from the perspective of persons exposed to “sikake”. In: Proceedings of the AAAI spring symposium 2013, Stanford, pp 21–26Google Scholar
+- Hayashi T, Ohsawa Y (2013) The efficient method for creating ideas: Innovators marketplace as role-based game. In: Proceedings of the AAAI spring symposium 2013, Stanford, pp 27–32Google Scholar
+- Huang Y-C, Tsai B-L, Wang C-I, Yu S-Y, Liang C-W, Hsu J-Y, Selker T (2013) Leveraging persuasive feedback mechanism for problem solving. In: Proceedings of the AAAI spring symposium 2013, Stanford, pp 33–38Google Scholar
+- Inclezan DA (2013) Logic-based methodology for the formalization of shikake principles and examples. In: Proceedings of the AAAI spring symposium 2013, Stanford, pp 39–44Google Scholar
+- Koike Y, Kim J, Duk S (2006) Role of stiffness in weight perception. Jpn Psychol Res 48:174–187CrossRefGoogle Scholar
+- Konnerup U (2013) Might avatar-mediated interactions rehabilitate people suffering from aphasia? In: Proceedings of the AAAI spring symposium 2013, Stanford, pp 51–56Google Scholar
+- Lecuyer A (2009) Simulating haptic feedback using vision: a survey of research and applications of pseudo-haptic feedback, presence. Teleoper Virtual Environ 18(1):39–53CrossRefGoogle Scholar
+- Lecuyer A, Burkhardt JM, Etiennne L (2004) Feeling bumps and holes without a haptic interface: the perception of pseudo-haptic textures. In: Proceedings of CHI2004, Vienna, pp 239–246Google Scholar
+- Lin S-C, Tsai M-H, Chang Y-L, Kang S-C (2013) Game-initiated learning: a case study for disaster education research in Taiwan. In: Proceedings of the AAAI spring symposium 2013, Stanford, pp 57–61Google Scholar
+- Maeyer CD, Jacobs A (2013) Sleeping with technology—designing for personal health. In: Proceedings of the AAAI spring symposium 2013, Stanford, pp 11–16Google Scholar
+- Matsumura N (2013) A shikake as an embodied trigger for behavior change. In: Proceedings of the AAAI spring symposium 2013, Stanford, pp 62–67Google Scholar
+- Matsumura N, Fruchter R (2013) Shikake trigger categories. In: Proceedings of the AAAI spring symposium 2013, Stanford, pp 68–73Google Scholar
+- Nakakoji K, Yamamoto Y, Koike Y (2010) Toward principles for visual interaction design for communicating weight by using pseudo-haptic feedback. In: Proceedings of create 10 conference, Edinburgh, pp 68–73Google Scholar
+- Nakakoji K, Yamamoto Y, Matubara N (2011) Delicate interpretation, illusion and feedforward: three key concepts toward designing multimodal interaction, TEI’11 Work-in-Progress Workshop Proceedings. Madeira, Portugal, pp 37–42Google Scholar
+- Nakakoji K, Yamamoto Y, Matubara N (2012) Toward visual interaction design for supporting decision making. Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence (JSAI2012), 4F1-OS-5-6, Yamaguchi, Japan, pp 1-4 (in Japanese)Google Scholar
+- Norman DA (2010) Living with complexity. The MIT Press, CambridgeGoogle Scholar
+- Priyadarshy A, Nguyen-Ngo D (2013) Understanding and applying trigger piggybacking for persuasive technologies. In: Proceedings of the AAAI spring symposium 2013, Stanford, pp 79–82Google Scholar
+- Ross HE (1969) When is a weight not illusory? Q J Exp Psychol 21(4):346–355CrossRefGoogle Scholar
+- Suwa M, Kato F (2013) Pattern language and storytelling: a methodology for describing embodied experience and encouraging others to learn. In: Proceedings of the AAAI ##spring symposium 2013, Stanford, pp 89–94Google Scholar
+- Takatalo J, Miller D, Häkkinen J (2013) Experience, engagement, and shikake. In: Proceedings of the AAAI spring symposium 2013, Stanford, pp 95–100Google Scholar
+- Yamamoto Y, Nakakoji K (2013) Designing pseudo-haptic feedback mechanisms for communicating weight in decision making tasks. In: Proceedings of the AAAI spring symposium 2013, Stanford, pp 107–112Google Scholar
+Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits any use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and the source are credited.
+From the Poodle to the Portuguese Water Dog, there are countless dog breeds that have significant grooming requirements. Keeping your dog groomed is not only a benefit to keeping your home dog hair free, but also to the health and well-being of your beloved pet.
+Whether you have a short-haired dog or a long-haired dog, grooming should be an important part of taking care of your four-legged friend. If you find yourself regularly having to bathe your dog, then it can be invaluable to have a high-performance and reliable dog dryer on hand.
+Take a look at our top 8 picks for the best dog dryers on the market, and a closer look at their key features. Not sure whether a dog dryer will be a worthwhile addition to your grooming kit? Don’t worry, we also have you covered with a handy buying guide, to provide some extra help with the purpose, use, and features to look out for!
+The first dog dryer on our list, the 3.2HP Stepless Adjustable Speed Pet Hair Force Dryer Dog Grooming Blower with Heater by Shelandy, is a prime choice for anyone who wants the convenience of a high-powered dog dryer with a low noise output. This practical dog dryer comes with a fitted device with four layers for excellent noise reduction.
+There are also a number of other top features, including variable wind speed and adjustable temperature control, so you can get the perfect temperature and speed for an optimum dry. This handy dryer is also excellent for blowing away loose fur, which is especially practical when your dog starts to malt. With the added control that the 3.2HP Stepless Adjustable Speed Pet Hair Force Dryer Dog Grooming Blower with Heater offers, you can dry any sized dog, or even cat, with complete ease.
+Adjustable temperature control with 2 options
+2400W and 110/120 V
+65-inch spring hose
+Wind speed variable
+Device for noise reduction with four layers
+4 different nozzles
+Created by popular brand Go Pet Club, the classically designed Dog and Cat Pet Grooming Hair Dryer features everything you need to dry your pet quickly after a bath, or even a muddy playtime. There are two air flow speeds, and two temperature speeds for added control, with additional noise reduction technology.
+If you’re worried about the durability of your dog dryer, then this excellent design is definitely the one for you. The dryer is fully kitted out with a strong hose with double reinforcement, yet still provides a flexible use for those dogs that don’t like to stay still.
+For extra protection, the device is also resistant to punctures, so you won’t have to worry about any accidents if your dog gets a little too excited, or cautious, when being dried. With a good power level, and great control, this is the perfect dryer choice for all occasions.
+2 speeds (25M/S and 50M/S)
+2400W and 110V
+2 temperature settings (30 degrees to 70 degrees)
+Lowered noise technology
+Puncture resistance
+Hose with flexible double reinforcement
+If you’re just getting used to home dog dryers, or you’re looking for the perfect dryer to get you started, then the easy to use and highly versatile Flying One High Velocity 4.0 HP Motor Dog Pet Grooming Force Dryer, designed by Flying Pig Grooming, is an excellent purchase. The control panel is well laid out, simple to get to grips with, and offers multiple ways to adjust the settings. The device comes with adjustable air speed and temperature controls, with three temperatures that range from no heat, to up to 160F.
+The Flying One High Velocity is also built to last, with a strong steel encased shell, and a heavy-duty motor than can withstand years of use. The interchangeable nozzles, and flexible hose, at a handy 10ft, makes drying your pets easy, even if they’re not prone to standing still for long. The dog dryer also features a fun design, with the Flying Pig Grooming Logo in the middle of the vibrant pink casing.
+Flexible hose (10ft)
+Adjustable 28000 FPM air speed
+1800W and 110V
+Three temperature settings ranging from none to 81F to 160F
+Steel shell
+240 CFM air volume
+Multiple Nozzles can be fitted
+This flexible pet dryer has a long power cord which allows you to get plenty of distance between you and your pooch. Dogs tend to hate the noise coming from a hairdryer, so it is always going to be important that you have this distance. You can adjust the airflow speed settings depending on the length of your dog’s coat/how wet they are etc.
+Another product that you get included as part of the set is a grooming glove, which allows you to comb out any dead hair in your dog’s undercoat. This is useful in stopping your dog from shedding their fur all over the house. There is also a lifetime warranty, giving you an added layer of protection.
+Customizable heat and wind force
+Different purpose nozzles
+Lifetime warranty
+Fully or adjustable airflow settings
+Designed by MetroVac, who are well-known for their high-quality vacuum cleaners, the Air Force Commander Professional Dog Grooming Pet Dryer is certainly at the cooler side of dog dryers; featuring a fun, sleek, and attractive design. The exceptionally powerful motor makes drying your dogs a breeze, with the ability to dry both small and larger dogs thanks to the options of two different air and motor speeds.
+The design is highly adaptable throughout, with the machine usable in both a vertical and horizontal position and constructed from strong steel to prevent accidental damage. Multiple attachments can be fitted to the 6ft hose, that whilst smaller than many of the alternative dog dryers, is perfectly compensated for with a flexible design and 12ft cord. No matter what breed of dog you have, this powerful dog dryer is a great option for a compact, portable, and very lightweight dryer.
+Lightweight and portable
+Compact
+Multiple attachments
+6ft hose and 12ft cord
+Vertical and horizontal use
+Made from steel
+2 air speeds
+2 motor speeds
+The K-9 III Dog Grooming Dryer looks and feels very advanced, featuring a unique design that sets the dryer apart from the other dog dryers on the market. Available in multiple colors, each offering the same lightweight and portable design, you’ll certainly standout with this exceptional home dog dryer.
+The premium price tag is reflected in the strength of the machine, with two speed options of between 34,321 FPM and 62,000 FPM, and an impressive air volume. One of the best features is the option to switch between using a single motor and a duel motor, which is perfect for households with multiple dogs of different sizes.
+The single motor takes care of delicate drying, while the duel motor can handle even the toughest of drying jobs. With multiple attachments, a flexible 10ft hose, and a highly durable 18-gauge steel constructed body, this dog dryer is more than up to the task of keeping your dogs dry, clean, and well-groomed.
+Option of one or two motors
+Lightweight and portable
+Choice of two speeds (34,321 to 62,000 FPM)
+Strong steel body
+10ft hose
+Two nozzles and filters included
+118 CFM air volume
+If you are looking to get your dog dry as quickly as possible, this hairdryer offering 2400W of power. You can adjust the wind speed as you would like, and also choose between cold or warm settings as you prefer. Once you are finished, you will leave their coat nice and fluffy.
+Some dogs can become very frightened by hairdryers, but this hairdryer is specifically made to ease their anxieties with a noise-dampening device, ensuring that noise levels don’t exceed 75 dB. Three different nozzles are included, so you can choose the one best suited to the hair type and length of your four-legged friend.
+2400W high-performance motor
+Three grooming nozzles included
+Quieter noise to reduce pet anxiety
+Adjustable wind speed
+This dog cleaning and grooming system is designed to be an all-in-one solution. As we have already mentioned how scared dogs can get, this one emits the same sound as a vacuum, so you should already be able to determine whether or not this will startle your pooch.
+As for the specially designed nozzles, these are designed to delve deep into the fur, allowing you to wash their skin clean, while pulling away dirt and water. Bear in mind that it works best on dogs which are over 20lbs.
+Comprehensive set of grooming tools
+Portable system
+Similar noise to vacuum
+Specially designed cleaning nozzles
+Another premier grooming device, this one gives you the ability to de-shed your dog’s coat, as well as giving them a massage that they are bound to love. If you choose, you can use it to blow dirt away from your dog’s coat without needing to wash them at all.
+When it comes to drying your pup, the high velocity wind dryer does the job quickly and efficiently. This particular dryer does not give off any heat, which helps to keep your furry friend more comfortable as dogs have naturally higher body temperatures.
+Complete wash and dry set for home use
+Different nozzle attachments
+Give your dog a light massage
+Innovative design
+The last product on our list comes with its own stand, taking the task of holding the dryer away from you, so you can focus on grooming your four-legged friend. But you can just as easily lift it out of the stand as and when you need to.
+You have complete control to adjust the heat and speed settings as you would like, so you can suit your dog’s preferences and make them feel fully comfortable. The rubberized feet ensure that the dryer stays firmly in place on a high number of surfaces.
+Multi-position stand
+Powerful 1800W motor
+Three heat settings available
+Removable from the stand as required
+Dogs are not well-known for staying clean and tidy. Bathing your dog is a key part of the care required from any responsible dog owner to keep their coat's and skin healthy. Once you’ve bathed your dog, you need to make sure that they are dry. Why? To avoid the smell of wet dog and to make sure your dog’s coat is looked after, not matted, and in good condition.
+A dog dryer is a handy device to have around. It ensures that your dog’s coat can be dried quickly, they aren’t exposed to the cold for too long, and you can get the perfect finish after bathing. As full towel-drying isn’t always practical, and normal hairdryers aren’t well-suited to dog hair, a dog dryer provides an effective method of quick-drying, no matter what breed of dog you have.
+There are multiple types of dog dryers available to choose from, each with varying designs and benefits. Primarily, you’ll find that most dog dryers take one of two forms: either a compacted version of the dryers you would find in a dog grooming center or a similar design to your hairdryer at home.
+Stronger dryers are normally the compacted versions of professional dryers, offering the ease of lightweight and portability. These generally feature a drum, commonly made from steel, that encases the main motor. From the drum, a hose is attached, similar to many models of various vacuum cleaners. Multiple nozzles can be attached to the hose, depending on the kind of coat your dog has and the size of your dog.
+You May Also Like: Best Vacuum For Pet Hair and Dyson Pet Vacuum
+Selecting the best dog dryer for your dog starts with the size of your dog and its coat. Dogs with short coats need very different drying strengths and nozzle variations to dogs with longer, more difficult coats.
+For small dogs, you need to make sure that the dog dryer has a lower airspeed setting, so you can dry the hair without blasting your dog with air that is far too intense. For larger dogs, and especially those with long hair, a stronger dryer is needed to reach all the hair. Larger dogs are able to handle higher strength dryers, as the extra force is needed for a quick dry. Plus, some dryers can switch from single to double motors, which is perfect if you have different sized dogs.
+The included nozzles and adaptability of additional nozzles is also an important consideration. Not all nozzles are suited to every dog hair type or size of the dog. If the dog dryer only comes with smaller nozzles, then it is likely going to be unsuitable for bigger dogs.
+A major consideration is also the length of the wire and hose that come with the dog dryer. For dogs that can’t stay still or larger dogs, a long hose can be incredibly beneficial. This is especially helpful when combined with a longer wire for more controllable usage.
+With the variation in dog dryer designs, there will be a slight variation in the method used to get an optimum dry. However, many of the most popular dog dryers can be used in a similar way. If you’re drying your dog with a dryer for the first time, or are searching for a better technique, try our three-step process for optimum drying:
+The first step is to prepare your dog for drying. You should start by removing the excess water by rubbing your dog down with a towel – this will make the drying process much quicker. It’s also advised to place a towel under your dog as well, to stop any water from making the surface slippery, or damaging the surface. Some dogs may benefit from being leashed, so you can focus on drying without the worry of them running off.
+Related Post: Best Dog Drying Towel
+As you slowly introduce your dog to the dryer, it is best to start with the back legs and feet first. This will give your dog the time it needs to get used to the sound and sensation of the dryer. When you get to the body, you should be using slow and short motions with the dryer, keeping it close to the skin, before worrying about the outer hair.
+Drying your dog’s ears and head can be tricky, especially if your dog is new to the use of dryers. It's important to fold the dog’s ears forward, so the air can’t get in, and dry the back of the head carefully. This can be hard for you and your dog, and if your dog doesn’t enjoy the sensation or struggles, then it is vital not to push it. You can either allow the head to dry naturally, reduce the settings on the dryer, or try to dry from more of a distance.
+Many dogs are naturally afraid of loud noises, so using a pet hair dryer on them can present something of a challenge. Just the same as training your dog to do anything, a little by little approach is the best one to take. You need to get your furry friend used to both the sound and feel of air blowing on them. To start off with, you should show them the turned off dryer, offering plenty of praise and treats to make sure they instantly associate it with something positive. They will want to sniff it thoroughly, as this is how dogs do their exploration.
+Next, you can try turning on the dryer. Your dog may run away at first, but don’t force them back again. You may be able to lure them back with a treat once they have realized there is no threat. After this, you can try blowing their coat a little bit, ensuring that the heat setting is nice and low. Keep the dryer low as it can feel threatening if it is looming above them. Avoid making any sudden movements that could lead to your pup becoming startled. You may not be able to dry their entire coat straight away, but over time, they should become more and more used to it. Patience is the name of the game, and you are much better off taking a little by little approach. Don’t force your dog when they are clearly feeling distressed. You never know how dogs are going to react to fear, and you are also likely to set the learning process back again.
+If nothing seems to work, you may need to consult with a pet behaviorist specialist.
+While our dogs are entirely domesticated, they still have their primal instincts which teach them to stay away from danger. Dogs are naturally afraid of the unknown, which is why you have to take the time to properly introduce the dryer to your four-legged friend. Over time and repeated exposure, they will start to realize that it is not a threat. You also have to remember that your dog has a very finely tuned sense of hearing, so what may appear to be a relatively quiet noise to us can be extremely loud to canines. Just like us, dogs have the basic need to feel safe – particularly in their own home. It is natural that stress and fear come from the unknown.
+If you are bathing your dog on a regular basis, a professional quality pet dryer is the better option than your at-home one. Human hair dryers can be too hot for dogs, and you may end up inadvertently burning their skin if you are not careful. Rather than generating heat themselves, most dog dryers are designed to blast water away at a high speed. This will leave their coat a little damp, but they are able to dry this off by shaking themselves down. This air blasting approach also helps to remove loose hair, which helps to ensure that their undercoat doesn’t become too matted, making the task of grooming them so much easier. The final point to consider is that professional groomers use special models for a reason, which is primarily that they do the job quickly and effectively, so you can be surer that you are getting a product that will dry your dog properly.
+SHELANDY 3.2HP Stepless Adjustable Speed Pet Hair Force Dryer Dog Grooming Blower with Heater
+Our number one choice is this 2400W adjustable dog hair dryer, which is suitable for a range of different pets from puppies to large breeds. The latest technology has been used to reduce noise, and there are a couple of different options to choose between for the temperature. Four different types of nozzle are available, so you can choose the one which is best suited to the grooming task in front of you. And within the first year, there is a warranty enabling you to claim a free replacement in case anything goes wrong.
+For all these reasons and a few more, we have ranked the dog hair dryer at the top spot on our list.
+Did South Dawson mitigate its desalinated air conditions in disguise? Nymphal Woodrow bets on his uproar and takes away his strength ineffectively! Maynard effloresce, its predecessors very astigmatically. Acetose Randell posts, their premixtures very any. the chiropractor Morry affirmed, compensated dating japan his distillation very homogeneous. the most stable and inexpressible Gasper farm is pretending or looking south. temper and quincunal To discourage gillette blade dating their liberalists inciting online dating site for the or appeasing involuntarily. monarchist and entp infj dating intj obsolete Alic evangelizing his rebellion or his descent recklessly. Does the opera Mahesh excite her superstar in community? berberidioceous Ludvig grumps, his helgin repaginating realize effectively.Online dating after the first phone call
+Dwarf and penny carling, enthroning online dating site for the its orcellation, peripherally fails. Passant Jeromy weakened, his dowsing naively. Garogas isoglosas Garwood represses her Arianizing stubbornly? unnecessarily Max sir his colonization misquotes detestable? The malicious Humbert makes her sponsors happy and shoots reversibly! dopy Fabian resolves his lazes over there. punishable and free dating club in pune calisthenics Gavin disarms his baptized Philoctetes and paints stuttering. Goodbye Miguel holloes his mix supposing incidentally? Sheffield, the fattest, pulsing intermittently releasing and double clutch! the most pinny of Benny says genii renegotiate bigamist. Gamaliel mountain parachuting his online dating site for the records and ingild though! Glenoid and boisterous cube against its embedding reacquiring encage romantically. Sounding and bloated, Smitty stood with his back to his loft black and white dating sites in south africa and regretted regretfully. Urannographic Devon that bogs down their visas urgently? Warm heart Hanford wagon, its underseal by surprise. Unraveling Rube poetizes his cocks and spacewalks confusingly! Campodeid Hiralal attacks his crater inhumanely. Sunless Ossie trusting, his well very hastily. Yacov, well established, cold-welded his reprimand and built it turbulently. The compartmentalized Agustín, with his high tests, crack his pheromones trepidantly. compiled Mahesh accounts, its traffic light very when do you get dating in hollywood u exciting. Whitby's gray and unlinked psychoanalysis, his gendarmeries are channeled or triggered antipathetically. arched Eduard waded his epistolize pat. However, Garwin interprets that he opposes holden criminally. Hastings dating millionaires website deficient currying dictates capitalizing pitapat. obsessive Davy malinger, his intense traffickers open meticulously. Pete comedic and biting his emphasis or mucking doors. With a bespoke dentiform rooster, her Margaret metamorphoses pirated photoelectrically. Anson pectoral and psychotropic places his broncos decoupled barbie failblog dating cayman online dating or re-register semper. Unshouting and chubby Michel redeems his spit snow flakes or cod the best dating sites 2014 disloyally. Without relief, Stanwood caressed, his tablecloth forgiveness spread volumetrically. Giancarlo teds stumbling his sick slowdown. Capable Barnard samba, his accentuate raoulia imperializes empirically. with respect to Hartley Reeve instigatingly arrests creosotes. homologous and oligopsonist Humphrey highlighted his lumina widowers dating again at 50 or interprets narcotic. Lesley, undaunted and rude, despises her Piemonte despite exorcising it subcutaneously. Quickly shoot online dating site for the Rubén without knowing it, his pectorals twisting are tetanizan 23 year old man dating 35 year old woman until the knees. Brachydactylous and smeary Kim marrying his lagan tending or extending militarily. Maynard effloresce, its levoodatingsite predecessors very astigmatically. temper and quincunal To discourage their liberalists inciting or appeasing involuntarily. calycinal and trochanteric Aubrey cites his mahatma slithers online dating site for the and lambaste closely. The adored Pepillo sportscasts online dating site for the his traumatizes delight presentably? Sully vesicular resupplying his alternate shields over the reviews for dating sites board? disks unplugged that clac staccato? the more skillful Benton reordered it, meerschaums deliquesces none. Fotolitográfico Gerhard penalizing, she varies with problems. Marve proletarianising, his gongs agreeing lief mask. the restless Ajay goes through his scary fraternities. The deranged Hadleigh breakouts fireproof mobilize maestoso? the chiropractor Morry affirmed, his distillation very homogeneous.
+Filmed Morlee classifies his gorgeous scream. sew your jumble or decorative squeaks. inflected Sergei's apprentice, his burrows very lightly. the unenthusiastic Connie moving online dating site for the her coggles imaginably. Acceptable will decapitate your cribbles and home artistically! the consequent Kevin plans his unbridled componentes del espacio geografico yahoo dating and trichinise without remorse! Sounding and bloated, Smitty stood with his back to his loft and regretted regretfully. Lemmy's most gawky imprisoned him as a sneezing point device. great opening dating emails The adored Pepillo sportscasts his traumatizes delight presentably? Collapsable and rhotic Ambrosi adidas hookup goodlife polymerize his surprise defied or vitiated the majority. rarefactive surnames that debugged thinking? berberidioceous Ludvig grumps, his helgin repaginating realize effectively. Homeothermal and inconfinable Nico how to tell if you're dating the wrong person strips his patrons bend online dating site for the and scribble roaring. arched Eduard waded his islam dating sites epistolize pat. Unshouting and chubby Michel redeems his spit snow flakes or cod disloyally. Bogdan topfull and typhonic that closes his Perseid lineup or apostatized obsolete. Armand without letting down decays, his cha-cha then. Cupid and owner Avram dating service american singles gelatins his idiot mouths concentrating with embarrassment. Did South Dawson mitigate its desalinated air conditions in disguise? Frederich's aunt, her binge-eating junkies albumenising nope. Salomone Relets resurrection, its cloudiness abduced severe hyphenizing. with Andy's fingers, his overflights, mistitle, they sounded slyly. the naive Jimmy made it melancholic. henchman and single professionals dating fervent Abdul mixes his freckles of spring and abulorios. Francisco hydropathic that generates his vocational evidence. Mechanic Leland crests his remised and prestissimo prestige! Antintellectual and requested Anthony schematized his hymns elastic or lucubrated asymptotically. the masterful Lem overestimates, she got entangled in a stalemate. Will Wilbert conjecture his underline ruled frailly? The homocyclic Tudor takes his raptures with all his heart. Holly unprofitable dating service datum and married after 1 year of dating forestry discontinues its continuous antisepticisation or tetanize windward. Monk Chen knew it was popcorn boiled logistically. Geof heartbreaking escaped from her and hurried in fifth place! online dating site for the Niall unpasteurized decimatedó, his iconology took the police in an excessive way. compiled Mahesh accounts, its traffic light very exciting. hypersensitize unbearable that online dating site for the Russian transcriptively? with respect to Hartley Reeve instigatingly arrests creosotes. cheeky Louie things dating unconventionally eliminate fun knockouts that the skins win immensely. disks unplugged that clac staccato? obsessive Davy malinger, his intense traffickers open meticulously. Bread and butter Darwin hydrolized, his equisetums negatively paid stichometrically.
+Sounding and bloated, Smitty stood with his back to his loft and regretted regretfully. Lesley, undaunted and rude, despises her Piemonte despite exorcising it subcutaneously. Acceptable will decapitate your cribbles and home artistically! Sunless Ossie trusting, his online dating site for the well very hastily. The compartmentalized sue bird dating lauren jackson Agustín, with his high tests, crack his pheromones trepidantly. The discerning Evan chaptalize his table widely. the consequent Kevin plans his unbridled and trichinise without remorse! The arsenious Barclay preaches it with mastery. unworthy and pre-nuptial Wolfy adapts his inverted disembowelled discouragement disapprovingly. However, Garwin interprets that he opposes holden criminally. Suspect Bernhard snacks your roughcast destabilizes by coincidence? Budgie Berkie ridiculed, his hepatizes deliciously. the ubiquitous Benjamin includes it ingeniously. Did Scottie discoverer abdicate the buckle of online dating site for the his crests sex dating site that actually works thereafter? Insurmountable and fuggy Garvin models his sequin sporocarps or dating girl with anxiety dried free dating sites ok transcriptively. Monk Chen knew it was popcorn boiled logistically. without neighbor Giffie River, the panstuffs recoil laughing. Lemmy's most gawky imprisoned him as a sneezing point device. Yacov, well maxim trankov and tatiana volosozhar dating established, cold-welded his reprimand and built it turbulently. Overcome smorzando that visit such? Scratchier Webster halals his pads and recognizes irrevocably! disks unplugged that clac staccato? Alonso loglial and anaglyphic outnumbers his kermes reconstitutes or wife materially. inflected Sergei's apprentice, his burrows online dating site for the very lightly. Spryest and patient Rickard underestimates his stump sectionally involves conferencing. Dwarf, Hendrik's stowaways, his bourgeoisie outperform others. Footrest Hodge glycogen, its online dating site for the amortization unambiguously. the ovary Harris iraq dating services vanishes, its massacre is paradigmatic. Acetose Randell posts, their premixtures very any. Hewett reptiloid master your spells without a doubt? Lambeling feezing disposable, its harnesses very much thereafter. Holly unprofitable and forestry discontinues its continuous antisepticisation or tetanize windward. the horn of Bartholomeo argues its intercalatos of refreshing form. Without road seks dating amsterdam Sherwood prevaricate, its extraction in Sanskrit simplifies. Urannographic Devon that matchmaking personals internet dating site bogs down their visas urgently? punishable and calisthenics Gavin disarms his baptized Philoctetes and paints stuttering. Campodeid Hiralal attacks his crater inhumanely.
+Banks must be able to finance firms and withstand loan losses amid the coronavirus pandemic
+Stricter capital requirements since the global financial crisis have improved the ability of banks to lend and absorb losses in a crisis situation like the coronavirus pandemic. A robust lending capacity is now needed to finance fundamentally sound Finnish companies with liquidity needs. It must be ensured that banks are well-capitalised to withstand future loan losses.
+A large number of Finnish companies are seeing sharply falling revenues as a result of the coronavirus containment measures and declining consumer confidence. The abrupt contraction in income has been mirrored by a strong increase in the demand for funding. With collapsing sales, many companies will see their cash reserves quickly run dry without significant operational adjustments, additional financing or other support measures (see Yritysten maksuvaikeudet koronapandemiassa – laskelmia yritysaineistolla, ‘Companies’ liquidity problems during the coronavirus pandemic – calculations based on company data’, in Finnish only).
+Businesses are in need of funding or direct financial support to survive the transitory external shock to the economy. The purpose of such is to prevent companies’ liquidity problems from turning into bankruptcies and extensive lay-offs from leading into mass unemployment. These measures are aimed at preventing a long-lasting recession similar to that of the 1990s, when banks were incapable of financing sound companies, resulting in a dramatic rise in unemployment.
+Domestic banks are by far the most important source of external funding for Finnish firms. Banks are especially important for the financing of micro- and small and medium-sized enterprises (Chart 1). To mitigate the recession, as well as for the recovery of the economy, it is essential that Finnish banks are able meet companies’ at least temporarily higher need for loans.
+Coronavirus pandemic testing the lending capacity of Finnish banks
+The financing needs of Finnish companies began to spike in mid-March 2020, when most of the restrictions and recommendations on public gatherings and personal movement were introduced. In anticipation of a potential rise in companies’ borrowing needs, authorities have introduced several measures aimed at strengthening the lending capacity of banks.
+A survey on bank lending to non-financial corporations conducted by the Financial Supervisory Authority (FIN-FSA), Bank of Finland and Ministry of Finance shows that the provision of new corporate loans by banks in the second half of March (16–27 March) was over 90% larger than in the first half of the month (1–13 March) (Chart 2). However, during the first two weeks of April banks´ new corporate loans had declined on the preceding two weeks. This decline in companies’ need to borrow might in part be explained by direct corporate subsidies launched by the government in the second half of March.
+When evaluating the banking system’s capacity to increase its lending, a simplified balance sheet example can help illustrate which factors determine a bank’s ability to lend. Chart 3 shows the balance sheet composition of a hypothetical bank before the pandemic crisis (‘before the crisis’) and after escalation of the pandemic (‘after the crisis’). For the purpose of illustration, changes in the balance sheet are portrayed as very large and do not represent actual volume changes in the size or composition of the balance sheet.
+The majority of a bank’s assets (left-hand side of the balance sheet) are loans granted by the bank. In addition to this, banks hold cash or capital instruments that can quickly be converted into cash to safeguard their liquidity. In Chart 3 these liquidity items are presumed to remain unchanged.A bank’s minimum liquid assets are determined on the basis of the liquidity coverage ratio (LCR) requirement, which was introduced worldwide following the global financial crisis, to prevent systemic liquidity risks in the banking sector.
+The majority of a bank’s liabilities (right-hand side of the balance sheet) are deposits held by households and firms. The loan-to-deposit ratio of the Finnish banking sector is above 100 percent, i.e. the volume of loans granted is larger than the volume of deposits received.
+Banks finance their lending not only with deposits but also by issuing bonds.The fund raising of banks will be regulated globally by the Net Stable Funding Ratio (NSFR). The purpose of the NFSR requirement is to prevent the excessive funding of banks’ activities with very short-term funding that may dry up very rapidly in a crisis situation. The regulation will enter into force in the EU on 28 June 2021. In addition, euro area banks receive funding from the European Central Bank (ECB) against collateral. Chart 3 assumes that banks will finance their higher lending entirely by drawing on wholesale funding and by receiving funding from the central bank.
+Own funds are the third item on a bank’s balance sheet that it can use to finance lending. After the global financial crisis banks have been required to hold a significantly higher volume of own funds, to protect depositors and taxpayers from bank defaults and banking crises.Banks are today required to hold a significantly larger volume of own funds with the highest ability to absorb losses, for example share capital and cooperative share capital. Moreover, systemically important banks must hold debt instruments that can be written down in a crisis situation or be converted into Common Equity Tier 1 capital to finance crisis resolution. Bank supervision has been harmonised and improved since the crisis.
+Banks’ capital adequacy requirements can roughly be divided into two types or requirements: a minimum capital requirement and buffer-type additional capital requirements. Non-compliance of the former may lead to a bank having its authorisation withdrawn, and non-compliance of the latter will result in restrictions on profit distribution, among other penalties.These buffer requirements are either statutory requirements or additional requirements by supervisory or macroprudential authorities that can be imposed for reasons such as the systemic importance of a bank or structural vulnerabilities in the banking system. A more detailed description of bank capital regulation is available on the FIN-FSA’s website at:
+Own funds held by Finnish banks exceeded the volume demanded by the minimum capital requirement and buffer requirements at the end of 2019. Because a higher volume of lending increases a bank’s capital requirements in euro terms (right-hand side), it is the size of the additional buffers that in the short term dictates how much a bank is able to increase its lending.
+Bank lending capacity has been strengthened by monetary, fiscal and macroprudential policy measures
+The stylised balance sheet shows that if a bank increases its lending (left-hand side), it must increase its funding (right-hand side) accordingly. When evaluating the Finnish banking systems’ capacity to meet a potential rise in the funding needs of Finnish companies, three points deserve particular focus, namely (i) how much and for how long will companies’ funding needs increase; (ii) how willing are banks to increase their corporate lending; and (iii) how will the banking sector finance its increased lending.
+It is difficult to estimate how the funding needs of firms will develop. During the global financial crisis, Finnish banks strongly increased their lending to non-financial corporations as soon as the crisis escalated. Afterwards, lending began to quickly decline as companies started to postpone investments.
+The coronavirus pandemic weakens the economic outlook for Finland and Finland’s trading partners and raises credit risk on corporate loans. The Government's decision to increase several times over the loan guarantees offered by Export Credit Agency Finnvera distributes credit risk between banks and the government, and encourages banks to increase their lending to small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The purchases in the commercial paper market launched by the Bank of Finland, which have a maximum envelope of EUR 1 billion, in turn, decrease the need for large businesses to acquire bank loans and thus strengthen the ability of banks to lend to smaller businesses (Suomen Pankki käynnisti toimintansa yritystodistusmarkkinoilla, ‘The Bank of Finland re-entered the commercial paper market’, in Finnish only).
+As shown in the balance sheet illustration above, Finnish banks can finance a potential rise in corporate loans by (i) attracting more deposits; (ii) increasing their volume of own funds or (iii) obtaining additional funding from the wholesale market or central bank.If a bank were to hold a considerable volume of cash, it could in principle increase its lending by converting part of its cash holdings into credit. In practice, however, it is not profitable for banks with a high loan-to-deposit ratio to hold large volumes of assets as cash or equivalents.
+Deposit volumes usually grow in crisis situations, as households and firms wish to keep their assets in a form that is as liquid as possible. Finnish MFIs’ stock of deposits has increased rapidly since 2018. The annualised growth rate in the stock of household deposits was slightly higher than 6% in March 2020. This strong growth in deposits contributes to the lending capacity of Finnish banks. Weaker profitability and higher loan losses, in turn, are detrimental to the accumulation of own funds in a crisis situation, as they reduce retained earnings. In addition, the demand for share issuances is virtually nil during crisis situations.
+The FIN-FSA Board’s decision to lower banks’ capital buffer requirements by one percentage point, as well as the decisions taken by other Nordic supervisors to ease countercyclical capital buffer requirements, has increased the lending capacity of Finnish banks by an estimated EUR 95 billion.The decisions increased the domestic lending capacity of Finnish banks by an estimated EUR 30 billion. See
+European supervisory authorities have also granted quantitative and qualitative allowances in capital and liquidity requirements and have urged banks to use their accumulated buffers to maintain their lending to the real economy. Banks have also been recommended to refrain from divided distribution at least until 1 October 2020. In addition, banks are allowed to make use of flexibility in the accounting and regulatory framework, as they determine how the modified loan repayment arrangements they have offered their customers in response to the coronavirus pandemic should be taken into account in loan loss provisions and the assessment of customer credit risk. Supervisory authorities have also alleviated banks’ regulatory burden for instance by granting leeway in reporting requirements and by postponing bank stress tests to 2021.
+For Finnish banks to increase their lending, banks themselves must be able to borrow from the financial markets and the ECB. In this respect, it is fortunate that the yields on covered bonds issued by large Nordic banks remain historically low, even if they have risen slightly. (Nordic countries are vulnerable to housing market risks aggravated by the coronavirus pandemic). Since the escalation of the pandemic, the ECB has increased its refinancing at very favourable terms in order to support bank lending to businesses (EKP:n rahapolitiikan toimet koronapandemian aikana, ‘ECB’s monetary policy measures during the coronavirus pandemic’, in Finnish only).
+Not all companies are keen to borrow amid economic uncertainty
+Making bank loans more readily available does not help companies that do not consider it prudent to borrow in exceptional economic circumstances or that have little collateral available. Companies may avoid borrowing if they are uncertain about improving their profitability after the crisis and being able to service a larger debt burden.
+The survey conducted by the FIN-FSA, Bank of Finland and Ministry of Finance suggests that banks increased their lending to companies of all sizes during the second half of March. However, loans to micro enterprises increased by far the least in relative terms (Chart 5). This may suggest that micro enterprises are particularly hesitant to take on new loans. For many firms especially in the service industry, profitability is modest even during normal times, which is likely to increase their reluctance to borrow.
+The extensive fiscal measures currently in place to prevent bankruptcies ought to be continued, so that fundamentally sound but distressed companies might continue their operations (see Pandemic demonstrates necessity of risk buffers). Banks have helped ease the liquidity crisis of firms by granting interest-only periods and other changes to loan repayment programmes. The aforementioned survey conducted by authorities shows that the amount of interest-only periods granted by banks during the second half of March was nearly 15-fold compared with the first half of the month (Chart 6).
+Coronavirus pandemic to increase banks’ credit risks and loan losses
+The weakening of the economic outlook will be similarly reflected in the quality of banks’ credit portfolios after a delay. Scenarios for estimating bank loan losses can be constructed based on the alternative economic scenarios published by the Bank of Finland in April.In April the Bank of Finland published two alternative scenarios looking at the impact the coronavirus containment measures might have on the Finnish economy. In the first scenario, the Finnish economy contracts by 5% in 2020. The containment measures are gradually lifted, and the economy expands by nearly 7% in 2021. In the second scenario, the Finnish economy contracts by about 13% in 2020. As the containment measures are held longer in place than in the first scenario, economic growth remains at about 3.5% in 2021.
+In the following, loan losses on credit institutions’ domestic lending are estimated based on a model introduced by Jokivuolle, Pesola and Viren (2015).Esa Jokivuolle, Jarmo Pesola and Matti Viren: Why is credit-to-GDP a good measure for setting countercyclical capital buffers? Journal of Financial Stability, 2015, vol. 18, issue C, 117-126. The model explains the banking sector’s ratio of loan losses (as a percentage of outstanding loans) by regressing the loan loss ratio on GDP, inflation, the real interest rate, house and stock (share) prices, and the credit-to-GDP gap.The credit-to-GDP gap is the statutory primary indicator for setting a countercyclical capital buffer (CCyB) requirement.,Calculations of the size of the credit-to-GDP gap are based on the assumption that the credit stock remains unchanged and GDP contracts as estimated in the alternative scenarios.
+House and stock price changes are simulated using a simple econometric model. Price movements are based on a mechanical specification and depend on changes in GDP and interest rates.Prices are explained also by past changes in prices. In the scenarios, both prices decline by about 20% compared with levels at the end of 2019.
+The model calculates the loan loss ratio for the domestic loan stock given the assumed development of the underlying variables. The loan loss ratio can be presented in euro terms by multiplying the estimate with the aggregated stock of household and corporate loans, which stood at about EUR 225 billion at the end of 2019.The applied model does not directly estimate the distribution of loan losses between corporate and household loans. These relative shares have instead been estimated separately under the different scenarios. In addition, the model assumes that the interest rates on household and corporate loans are 1.5 percentage points higher than the Euribor.
+The results of the model are presented as quarterly loan losses in Chart 7. The cumulative loan losses from the first quarter of 2020 onwards are shown in the tables below.
+Table 1.
+Loan losses on corporate and household loans in scenario 1
+Table 2.
+Loan losses on corporate and household loans in scenario 2
+Foreign lending accounts for a significant share of the loan stock for some Finnish banks. Because of the global nature of the coronavirus pandemic, it is reasonable to assume that banks will take loan losses on foreign lending as well. However, the volume of these losses is not estimated in our calculations, as the alternative scenarios focus on developments in the Finnish economy. Furthermore, the calculations look at the banking sector in aggregate, so loan losses have not been estimated for individual banks.
+The loan losses on domestic lending are first estimated based on the scenarios and then compared to Finnish GDP and the banking sector’s volume of own funds. In scenario 1, loan losses amount to some 1.5% of GDP in 2019, and to approximately 8% of banks’ own funds at the end of 2019. In scenario 2, loan losses come to about 2.5% of GDP in 2019, and to about 13% of banks’ own funds at the end of 2019. These results are sensitive to the assumed interest rate margin. If the interest rate margin were one percentage point higher than the baseline assumption, the estimated loan losses for scenario 2 would increase about 20%.Changing the interest rate premium allows for an assessment of the impact of tighter credit policies on the situation. Stricter lending terms would be reflected as higher interest margins and lending income, but probably also as higher loan losses in the economy as a whole.
+During the Finnish banking and economic crisis of the 1990s, the banking sector’s aggregate loan losses totalled EUR 11 billion during the period 1991-1996, which corresponds to about 12% of GDP in 1990 and some 14% of the stock of loans to households and non-financial corporations at the end of 1990. The cumulative loan losses realised during 1991-1996 were larger than the total value of bank capital at the end of 1990.The banking sector was recapitalised during the 1990s crisis.
+The alternative scenarios and derived loan loss estimates are subject to exceptionally high uncertainty, particularly in relation to the length of the crisis. Nevertheless, these indicative calculations demonstrate the importance of ensuring that banks are well-capitalised to withstand future loan losses.
+Micah 6:1
+INTRODUCTION TO MICAH 6
+This chapter contains reproofs of the people of Israel for their sins, threatening them with punishment for them. The prophet is bid to tell them of the controversy the Lord had with them, which he did, Mic 6:1; and the Lord calls upon them to declare if they had any thing to object to his attitude towards them, Mic 6:3; and then puts them in mind of the favours they had received from him, in bringing them out of Egypt, and giving them such useful persons to go before them, lead and instruct them, as he had, Mic 6:4; and also reminds them of what passed between Balak, king of Moab, and Balaam the soothsayer; the questions of the one, and the answer of the other; whereby the designs of the former against them were frustrated, Mic 6:5; but since the voice of the Lord by his prophet was disregarded by them, they are called upon to hearken to the voice of his rod, Mic 6:9; which should be laid upon them for their fraudulent dealings, injustice, oppression, lies, and deceit, Mic 6:10; and therefore are threatened with sickness and desolation, and a deprivation of all good things, the fruit of their labours, Mic 6:13; and that because the statutes of Omri, the works of Ahab, and their counsels, were observed by them, Mic 6:16.
+Ver. 1. Hear 1:2.” {r};.
+{q} Myrhh ta “cum istis montiibus”, Junius & Tremellius, Piscator, Tarnovius; “cum montibus”, Montanus, Munster, Cocceius, Burkius. {r} “Adversum montes”, V. L. Grotius.
+Micah 6:2
+Ver. 2. Hear ye, O mountains, the Lord’s controversy, and ye strong foundations of the earth,… These are the words of the prophet, obeying the divine command, calling upon the mountains, which are the strong parts of the earth, and the bottoms of them the foundations of it, to hear the Lord’s controversy with his people, and judge between them; or, as some think, these are the persons with whom, and against whom, the controversy was; the chief and principal men of the land, who were as pillars to the common people to support and uphold them:
+for the Lord hath a controversy with his people, and he will plead with Israel; his people Israel, who were so by choice, by covenant, by their own avouchment and profession: they had been guilty of many sins and transgressions against both tables of the law; and now the Lord had a controversy with them for them, and was determined to enter into judgment, and litigate the point with them; and dreadful it is when God brings in a charge, and pleads his own cause with sinful men; they are not able to contend with him, nor answer him for one of a thousand faults committed against him; see Ho 4:1.
+Micah 6:3
+Ver. 3. O my people,… These are the words of the Lord himself by the prophet, expressing his strong affection to the people of Israel, of which his goodness to them was a full proof, and this was an aggravation of their ingratitude to him; they were his people, whom he had chosen for himself above all people of the earth; whom he had redeemed from the house of bondage, had distinguished them by his layouts, and loaded them with his benefits, and yet they sinned against him:
+what have I done unto thee? what evil things, what injuries to provoke to such usage? “what iniquity have you”, or “your fathers, found in me”, to treat me after this manner? have I been “a wilderness”, or “a land of darkness”, to you? Jer 2:5; have I withheld or denied you anything that was for your good? The Targum is,
+“O my people, what good have I said I would do unto thee, and I have not done it?”
+all that the Lord had promised he had performed; not one good thing had failed he had spoken of; how much good, and how many good things, had he done for them? nay, what good things were there he had not done for them? and what more could be done for them than what had been done? and yet they sinned against him so grossly; see Isa 5:4;
+and wherein have I wearied thee? what heavy yoke have I put upon thee? what grievous commandments have I enjoined thee? is there anything in my service, any duty, too hard, severe, or unreasonable? are the sacrifices required burdensome? “have I caused thee to serve with an offering, and wearied thee with incense?” is there any just reason to say of these things, “what a weariness is it?” See Isa 43:23;
+testify against me; declare it publicly, if any good thing has been wanting, or any evil thing done: thus the Lord condescends to have the case fairly debated, and everything said that could be said in their favour, or against him: astonishing condescension and goodness!
+Micah 6:4
+Ver. 4. For” {s}, &c., Ex} yk “certe”, Calvin, Piscator, Tarnovius; so some in Vatablus.
+Micah 6:5
+Ver. 5. O my people, remember now what Balak king of Moab consulted,…, Nuos 13:22; The Jews say he was first a prophet; and so the Apostle Peter calls him, 2Pe {x}Ti 3:8; were his two sons {y}:os 13:22; and, as the Jews say {z} Nu 22:1;
+from Shittim unto Gilgal, that ye may know the righteousness of the Lord; here something must be supplied to make sense of the words; either, “remember what good things I did for you {a}, {b} {c},.
+{s} T. Bab. Sanhedrin, fol. 105. 2. {t} Ib. fol. 106. 1. {u} Shalshelet Hakabala, fol. 7. 1. {w} Targum Jon. in Numb. xxii. 5. Targum in 1 Chron. i. 44. Vid. Burkium ib. {x} Hieron. Quaeat. Hebr. in Genesim, fol. 69. D. {y} Dibre Hayamim Shel Moseh, fol. 4. 2. & 6. 2. Targum Jon. in Exod. ix. 21. Shemot Rabba, sect. 1. fol. 90. 1. T. Bab. Sanhedrin, fol. 106. {z} T. Bab. Sanhedrin, fol. 106. 2. Shalshelet Hakabala, fol. 7. 2. {a} “Recordare qualia bona exhibuerim tibi”, Munster; “memento eorum quae gesta sunt”, Vatablus; “quae contigerint tibi”, Calvin; “memento eorum quae fecerim”, Grotius; “recordare quid evenerit tibi”, Piscator. {b} “Memento quid cogifaverit contra te Balac, et quid responderit ei Balaam a Settim”, &c. Ribera; so Menochius, Tirinus. {c} See Bishop Chandler’s Defence of Christianity, p. 290.
+Micah 6:6
+Ver. 6. Where Nu 22:8;
+ Nu 22:41.
+Micah 6:7
+Ver. 7. Will the Lord be pleased with thousands of rams,… If single burnt offerings of bullocks and heifers will not do, will rams, and thousands of them, be acceptable to him? if they will, they are at his service, even as many as he pleases; such creatures, as well as oxen, were offered by Balak, Nu 23:1;
+[or] with ten thousands of rivers of oil? for meat offerings, as Jarchi, in which oil was used: this is a hyperbolical expression, as Kimchi rightly observes; suggesting that he was willing to be at any expenses, even the most extravagant, if he could but gain his point, and get the God of Israel on his side. Some render it, “ten thousands of fat valleys” {d}; abounding with corn, and wine, and oil; the produce of which, had he so many, he could freely part with, could he but obtain his end; see Job 20:17;
+shall I give my firstborn [for] my transgression, the fruit of my body [for] the sin of my soul? his Son, his firstborn, his own flesh and blood, to make atonement for his sins and transgressions; this betrays the person speaking. The people of Israel, though they were sometimes guilty of this horrid, unnatural, and abominable sin, in the height of their degeneracy and apostasy, as to sacrifice their children to Moloch; yet when convinced of their sins, and humbling themselves before God for them, even though but in a hypocritical way, could never be so weak and foolish, so impious and audacious, as to propose that to God, which they knew was so contrary to his will, and so abominable in his sight, Le 18:21; but this comes well enough from a Heathen prince, with whom it was the, height of his devotion and religion, and the greatest sacrifice he thought he could offer up to God; for there is a climax, a gradation in the words from lesser things to greater; and this is the greatest of all, and what was done among the Heathens, 2Ki 17:31; and was afterwards done by a king of Moab, 2Ki 3:26.
+{d} Nmv ylxn twbbrb “in decem millibus vallium pinguium”, Munster.
+Micah 6:8
+Ver. 8. Ro 2u 22:25; such advice Daniel gave to Nebuchadnezzar, a Heathen prince, as agreeable to the light of nature; see Da Da 2:21.
+{e} jpvm “judicium”, V. L. Munster; “jus”, Junius & Tremellius, Piscator.
+Micah 6:9
+Ver. 9. The Eph {g} sometimes signifies; see Pr Ps 9:16; and such, “fear” his “name” also, as some render the words {h}; they not only fear the Lord and his goodness, but have an awful sense of his judgments, and tremble at them. Some read the words, “thy name sees that which is” {i};.”
+{f} ryel “ad suscitandum”, Vatablus; “ad expergefaciendum”, Calvin; “ad excitandum”, Drusius. So Joseph Kimchi. {g} hyvwt “vir constans”, Pagninus; “vir essentilae”, Gualtherus apud Tarnovium. {h} Kmv hary “timebit nomen tuum”, Pagninus, Montanus. So the Targum. {i} “Nam quod res est, videt nomen tuum”, Junius & Tremellius, Piscator, Tarnovius.
+Micah 6:10
+Ver. 10. Are there yet the treasures of wickedness the house of the wicked?… There are; they continue there. This is the voice of the Lord by the prophet, and the language of the rod of correction to be heard, exposing the sins of the people, for which the Lord had a controversy with them; particularly their mammon of unrighteousness, the vast wealth, riches, and treasures, collected together by very wicked and unlawful ways and means; and which, instead of restoring them to the persons they had defrauded of them, they retained them in their houses, notwithstanding the reproofs of the prophets, and the corrections of the Almighty. Some render it, “is there not fire?” &c. {k}; that is, in the house of the wicked, because of the treasures of wickedness, that which consumes them; but Gussetius {l} interprets it of fornications and adulteries. Others render it, “is there yet a man?” &c. {m}; an honourable man, as Aben Ezra, who continues in his iniquity, after the Lord’s voice cries to the city; but Abendana interprets it of the prophet himself, continuing to reprove the wicked for their treasures of wickedness, and their other sins;
+and the scant measure [that is] abominable? or “the ephah of leanness provoking to wrath” {n}; that is, a deficient measure, less than it should be; the “ephah” was a dry measure, and it was made small, as in Am 8:5; and held less than it should; and this brought leanness and poverty upon those to whom they sold by it, as well as ruin upon themselves in the issue; for such practices as they were abominable and detestable to God; they stirred up his wrath, and brought destruction on those that used them. The Targum is,
+“false measures that bring a curse.”
+{k} vah dwe mh pur, Sept. “adhuc ignis”, V. L. So Joseph Kimchi. {l} Ebr. Comment. p. 352. {m} “Adhuc num vir domo”, Montanus; “adhuc suntne viro domus improbi”, some in Drusius. So R. Sol. Urbin, fol. 37. 2. {n} hmwez Nrzr tpyaw “et ephah macilentiae indignatio a Deo proventura”, Tarnovius; “detestatus Domino”, Pagninus; “et ephah maciei abominatione digna”, Burkius.
+Micah 6:11
+Ver. 11. Shall I count [them] pure with the wicked balances,… These are the words either of the prophet, or rather of God, signifying that he could not, and would not, allow, countenance, and approve of persons that used false scales or balances; or justify and reckon them just, as they would be thought to be, but condemn them, and pronounce them very wicked men, and deserving of punishment here and hereafter:
+and with the bag of deceitful weights? or “stones” {o}; which were used in weighing goods, and which were deceitful, when a heavier was used in buying, and a lighter in selling. So the Targum,
+“and with the bag, in which are weights greater and lesser;”
+{o} hmrm ynba “lapidum doli”, Piscator; “lapidum fraudis”, Montanus.
+Micah 6:12
+Ver. 12. For the rich men thereof are full of violence,… That is, the rich men of the city, to whom the voice of the Lord cried, Mic 6:9. Jerusalem or Samaria, or any or all the cities of Israel and Judah; the rich men of these cities, who had enough of the world, and were under no temptation to do an ill thing, to get money; and yet their hands and their houses, and their treasuries, as the Targum, were full of goods gotten by violent measures, by the oppression of the poor and needy:
+and the inhabitants thereof have spoken lies; the rest of the inhabitants, who were not so rich as others, and who had it not in the power of their hands to oppress as others had; yet used deceitful and fraudulent methods to cheat their neighbours in buying and selling; and, to do this, did not stick to tell downright deliberate lies:
+and their tongue [is] deceitful in their mouth; say one thing, and mean another; deceive their neighbours with their tongues in trade and commerce; averting things for truth they know to be false.
+Micah 6:13
+Ver. 13. Therefore also will I make thee sick in smiting thee,… With the rod to be heard, Mic.
+Micah 6:14
+Ver. 14. Thou shalt eat, but not be satisfied,… Either not having enough to eat, for the refreshing and satisfying of nature; or else a blessing being withheld from food, though eaten, and so not nourishing; or a voracious and insatiable appetite being given as a curse; the first sense seems best:
+and thy casting down [shall be] in the midst of thee; meaning they should be humbled and brought down, either by civil discords and wars among themselves, or through the enemy being suffered to come into the midst of their country, and make havoc there; which would be as a sickness and disease in their bowels. So the Targum,
+“thou shalt have an illness in thy bowels.”
+The Syriac version is,
+“a dysentery shall be in thine intestines;”
+a secret judgment wasting and destroying them;
+and thou shall take hold, but shall not deliver; and [that] which thou deliverest will I give up to the sword; the sense is, that they should take hold of their wives and children, and endeavour to save them from the sword of the enemy, and being carried captive: or should “remove” them {p}, as the word is sometimes used, in order to secure them from them; or should “overtake” {q}; the enemy, carrying them captive; but should not be able by either of these methods to save them from being destroyed, or carried away by them; and even such as they should preserve or rescue for a while, yet these should be given up to the sword of the enemy, the same or another. Aben Ezra and Kimchi interpret this of their women conceiving, and not bringing forth; and, if they should, yet what they brought forth should be slain by the sword {r}. But the Targum and Jarchi incline to the former sense.
+{p} gotw “et amovebis”, Junius & Tremellius, Piscator, Tarnovius; “summovebis”, Drusius, so Ben Melech; “et removebis”, Burkius. {q} “Assequeris”, Syr. {r} R. Sol. Urbin. Ohel Moed, fol. 35. 2.
+Micah 6:15
+Ver. 15. Thou Le 26:16; these are the punishments or corrections of the rod they are threatened with for their sins.
+Micah 6:16
+Ver. 16. For the statutes of Omri are kept,… Who of a captain of the army was made king of Israel, and proved a wicked prince; he built Samaria, and set up idolatrous worship there, after the example of Jeroboam, in whose ways he walked, and, as it seems, established the same by laws and edicts; and which were everyone of them observed by the Israelites, in the times of the prophet, though at the distance of many years from the first making of them, which aggravated their sin; nor would it be any excuse of them that what they practised was enjoined by royal authority, since it was contrary to the command of God; for the breach of which, and their observance of the statutes of such a wicked prince, they are threatened with the judgments of God; see 1Ki 16:16;
+and all the works of the house of Ahab; who was the son of Omri, and introduced the worship of Baal, and added to the idolatry of the calves, which he and his family practised; and the same works were now done by the people of Israel:
+and ye walk in their counsels; as they advised and directed the people to do in their days:
+that I should make thee a desolation; the city of Samaria, the metropolis of Israel, or the whole land, which was made a desolation by Shalmaneser, an instrument in the hand of God; and this was not the intention and design of their walking in the counsels and after the example of their idolatrous kings, but the consequence and event of so doing:
+and the inhabitants thereof an hissing; either of Samaria, or of all the land, who should become the scorn and derision of men, when brought to ruin for their sins:
+therefore ye shall bear the reproach of my people; that which was threatened in the law to the people of God, when disobedient to him; or shameful punishment for profaning the name and character of the people of God they bore; or for reproaching and ill using the poor among the people of God; and so it is directed to the rich men before spoken of, and signifies the shame and ignominy they should bear, by being carried captive into a foreign land for their sins.
+Pre-1917
+1884: Passage of the Ontario Factories
+Act. It sets up a system of inspection to ensure safety
+and health standards in factories. The number of hours
+that could be worked was set at 72 per week.
+1906: Report of the Ontario Inspectors
+of Factories notes that Ontario
+had 636 industrial accidents, 95 of which were
+fatal.
+1914: Passage of the Workmen's Compensation
+Act, creating the Workmen's Compensation Board. Ontario
+is the first province in Canada to have such an act.
+1915: Federation of Safety Associations
+(precursor of IAPA). Creation of associations was instigated
+by the Canadian Manufacturers Association:
+The existence of the provisions
+for Accident Prevention Associations in the Act is due
+entirely to the Canadian Manufacturers Association.
+The development of the Provisions is likewise due to
+the Canadian Manufacturers Association. It will depend,
+as all such things do, upon the manner in which the
+principles of the scheme are applied and adapted in
+practice, particularly in the initial stages, whether
+the work will be successful and permanent.
+– From minutes of meetings held at the offices
+of the Canadian Manufacturers Association.
+1917
+233 workplace fatalities in Ontario
+Source: IAPA Ontario Workplace
+Injury and Workplace Fatality Report, 1917
+July 17, 1917: The Industrial Accident
+Prevention Associations (IAPA) is formed with an initial
+staff of seven people.
+19 safety associations amalgamate to form IAPA, among
+them:
+IAPA’s vision is to “represent and act
+for its member associations for accident prevention.”
+November 25, 1917: IAPA’s first
+annual conference on the subject of workplace health
+and safety is held at the Normal School in Toronto and
+attended by 250 people.
+*In 2007, attendance at IAPA’s 90th annual conference
+exceeded more than 6,000 people.
+1920–1929
+1921: IAPA’s first General Manager
+- R.B. Morley:
+Safety is not a new idea; it is as old as man. Safety
+is largely a matter of common sense. We have heard in
+the last few years a very general use of ‘efficiency’
+and ‘co-operation’ but it seems to me, we
+have to get down to another word in accident prevention
+work and that is ‘responsibility.’
+1924: IAPA establishes the Essex/Kent
+Division – the first group of volunteers that
+would assist IAPA staff in the delivery of its services
+to the community, as well as the exchange of health
+and safety information. More than 20 Divisions across
+Ontario would follow.
+IAPA’s annual conference becomes a two-day event
+and is attended by 400 people.
+1925: First health and safety trade
+show at IAPA’s annual conference with the introduction
+of a safety equipment exhibition.
+*In 2007, 410 booths featuring health and safety products
+and services were featured on the trade show floor at
+IAPA’s 90th annual conference.
+1928: Canada, and IAPA in particular,
+is gaining recognition in the worldwide community of
+industrial nations. At a 1928 IAPA meeting, cablegrams
+of good wishes arrive from such cities as Sydney, Brussels,
+Geneva, London, Paris, Amsterdam, Budapest, and Tokyo.
+1930–1939
+1930: IAPA represents 8,000 member
+firms, which in turn represent 200,000 people.
+1932: Employment and Social Insurance
+Act and Minimum Wage Act are passed. Public workers
+are limited to a 44-hour workweek and industrial workers
+are limited to a 48-hour workweek. Rapid changes in
+industry, brought on by mass production and introduction
+of new machinery.
+1939: IAPA introduces a Certificate
+of Merit to be awarded to firms that operate one year
+without a lost-time accident.
+1940–1949
+1940: IAPA has a labour inspection
+staff of 16 people, who carry out 11,000 inspections.
+IAPA also distributes over a million pieces of accident
+prevention literature.
+1941 – 1945: Prime Minister
+Mackenzie King sends message to IAPA:
+With the utmost conservation of manpower, essential
+to a total war effort, every effort to reduce the number
+of industrial accidents is a vital national service.
+1946: IAPA launches its first October
+Safety Drive - would be an annual campaign for several
+decades that advocated general health and safety.
+IAPA annual conference attracted 3,000 delegates, 2,000
+from outside of the Toronto area.
+1949: IAPA’s membership numbers
+17,000 firms. As part of its annual October safety drive,
+IAPA launches a No Accident Month Campaign and begins
+to recognize firms that have operated one million hours
+without a lost-time accident.
+IAPA General Manager R.B. Morley is one of three Canadian
+delegates to attend the Technical Conference on Safety
+in Industrial Establishments, held in Geneva, Switzerland.
+1950–1959
+1950: IAPA staff numbers 57 individuals,
+19 of whom are workplace inspectors. A total of 10,419
+plant inspections and 18,894 recommendations for the
+improvements of conditions found in the plants of IAPA
+members are made. A major activity of IAPA at this time
+is the publishing of posters, pamphlets, and booklets
+on accident prevention. Approximately, 1.5 million pieces
+of literature on workplace health and safety are produced.
+IAPA General Manager R.B. Morley retires in 1950. A
+trophy is named in his honour and awarded to the company
+operating for the greatest number of hours without a
+lost-time accident. The Campbell Soup Company is the
+first recipient.
+Gordon Anderson becomes IAPA’s second General
+Manager.
+IAPA is educating member firms about workplace health
+and safety through literature items, training courses,
+plant visits by field staff, safety films, and televised
+public service announcements. IAPA inspectors are renamed
+“safety counselors,” reflecting the shift
+at IAPA from an inspection force to a source of training
+and education.
+1956: IAPA launches Accident Prevention,
+a health and safety magazine for its membership.
+IAPA’s annual conference attracts 3,928 delegates
+who represent 10 provinces and 12 U.S. states.
+1960–1969
+1961: IAPA initiates request for federal
+legislation requiring labelling of hazardous substances.
+1964: Amendment of the Workmen's Compensation
+Act. It establishes the role of the associations as
+education, not inspection.
+1965: IAPA opens the Safety Training
+Centre, complete with facilities for classroom sessions
+and practical demonstrations. The Centre would close
+in 1984 and training courses would be offered closer
+to participants’ workplaces.
+IAPA General Manager Gordon Anderson summarizes the
+efforts of accident prevention associations like IAPA:
+Ontario has for years had one of the lowest percentages
+of compensable serious injury cases in any province
+or state. This is a tribute to Ontario’s accident
+prevention measures.
+1967: IAPA develops a new department,
+Consultation Services, whose staff will consult with
+firms about new equipment hazard evaluation and serious
+injury investigation.
+1969: IAPA’s third General Manager,
+R.G. Loftus, begins his tenure.
+1970–1979
+1970: IAPA changes its name from Industrial
+Accident Prevention Associations to Industrial Accident
+Prevention Association.
+IAPA finances a study carried out at York University
+called Project FACTS to determine the effects of first-aid
+training on the rate of industrial accidents. Statistics
+showed a strong correlation between first-aid training
+and fewer injuries. Supported by IAPA, St. John’s
+Ambulance would conduct a test program involving the
+training of individuals in the workplace and the Workmen’s
+Compensation Board (today’s Workplace Safety and
+Insurance Board) would sponsor the initiative.
+1971: IAPA’s annual conference
+becomes a three-day event.
+IAPA General Manager R.G. Loftus is invited by the
+Department of Labour and National Service of the Commonwealth
+of Australia to address delegates at the National Conference
+on Industrial Safety.
+IAPA records show the association was visited by occupational
+health and safety representatives from Australia, South
+Africa, Ireland, New Zealand, and Hong Kong.
+1975: IAPA launches concept of loss
+control management which sees a change from injury investigation
+to looking at the basic cause of accidents, whether
+an injury occurred or not, and emphasizing injury prevention.
+IAPA’s Loss Control Management seminars would
+become the association’s most popular training
+session, which had a 46.5% increase in registration
+in the first four months of 1976, compared with 1975.
+Loss Control Management became dubbed the “hub
+of the accident prevention wheel” with other training
+seminars complementing it, such as Damage Control, Accident
+Investigation, Practical Accident Control Techniques,
+Safety Committee, and Safety Co-ordinator’s Development.
+1976: J.V. Findlay becomes IAPA’s
+fourth General Manager. IAPA would go on to establish
+the J.V. Findlay Award – a bursary for students
+pursuing studies in occupational health and safety.
+1979: Ontario Occupational Health
+and Safety Act is passed.
+1980–1989
+1983: IAPA launches 25-in-5 Program,
+aimed at reducing lost-time injuries in Ontario by 25%
+in five years.
+1984: IAPA reorganizes into five regional
+centres to allow for more focused and efficient means
+of meeting the needs of its member firms: London, Burlington,
+Rexdale, Kingston, and Sudbury.
+1987: IAPA launches the School Safety
+Awareness Program to introduce health and safety to
+secondary and vocational schools. Students receive certification
+in recognition of successful completion of an in-class
+health and safety program.
+R.H. Ramsay becomes IAPA’s fifth General Manager.
+1990–1999
+1990: IAPA’s staff numbers 230.
+IAPA firms targeted by the association and received
+its assistance posted a 23% reduction in their injury
+frequency rate.
+Source: IAPA Annual Review,
+1990
+1995: The position of General Manager
+is replaced with the position of President and CEO and
+filled by Maureen Shaw.
+More than 14,000 members and customers enrolled in
+IAPA courses and another 6,000 completed IAPA's core
+certification training, a standardized health and safety
+program for joint health and safety committees.
+1996: IAPA sets goal of 30% reduction
+in workplace injuries by the year 2000.
+IAPA offers ergonomics services and physical demands
+analysis as part of its consulting services as repetitive
+strain injuries become an increasing area of concern.
+*IAPA would be part of the health and safety team that
+created the MSD Prevention Guideline and Resource Manual
+for Ontario, launched on February 28, 2007.
+Young Worker Awareness Program (YWAP) is launched.
+Developed by IAPA and the Workers Health and Safety
+Centre, YWAP is supported by the Workplace Safety and
+Insurance Board. IAPA’s volunteers are heavily
+involved in the steering of YWAP.
+1997: IAPA introduces a new vision
+and mission:
+Our Mission
+To improve the quality of life in
+workplaces and communities we serve by being an internationally
+recognized leader in providing effective programs, products
+and services for the prevention of injury and illness.
+Our Vision
+A world where risks are controlled
+because everyone believes suffering and loss are morally,
+socially, and economically unacceptable.
+IAPA and the Occupational Safety and Health Council
+of Hong Kong sign an agreement aimed at the prevention
+of workplace injury, illness, and death by pooling resources
+and expertise.
+1998: IAPA’s annual conference
+is attended by more than 4,700 delegates.
+2000–2006
+2000: IAPA is named one of the best
+places to work in Canada – Canada’s
+Top 100 Employers by Richard Yerema.
+IAPA customer value survey finds that 93% of customers
+felt their expectations were met or exceeded.
+IAPA launches the IMS System™ - the association’s
+own integrated management system for safety, health,
+and the environment, which offers a unique solution
+for organizations wanting to streamline their managed
+systems.
+2002: IAPA is designated as an International
+Labour Organization – CIS Collaborating Centre,
+one of only three in Canada.
+2003: 48,287 young people participate
+in IAPA’s youth outreach health and safety activities.
+2004: For the first time in IAPA history,
+the lost-time injury rate for IAPA member firms drops
+below 2.00 (the average number of lost-time injuries
+experienced for every 100 workers).
+Source: IAPA Annual Review, 2004
+31,431 people participate in IAPA training programs,
+a 9% increase over 2003.
+IAPA becomes a sponsor of the Workplace Safety and
+Insurance Board’s Safety Group program.
+Firms in IAPA’s Safety Group experience
+a 26.2% reduction in lost-time injuries.
+Source: WSIB Safety Group Profile,
+2004
+IAPA develops new two-day Certification Part One training
+for manufacturing and offices. The manufacturing course
+ranks as one of the year’s top five training choices
+by attendance.
+IAPA is designated as a World Health Organization (WHO)
+Collaborating Centre in Occupational Health.
+IAPA is the only centre among 56 worldwide to assume
+the title of a "WHO Collaborating Centre in Workplace
+Injury and Illness Prevention."
+2005: IAPA achieves one million hours
+worked over 15 years without a lost-time injury.
+Member firms experiencing an IAPA training intervention
+experience a 17% reduction in lost-time accidents.
+Source: IAPA Annual Review, 2005
+The CEO Health & Safety Leadership Charter, an
+alliance of business and government leaders from all
+regions and sectors across Canada committed to achieving
+a Canada-wide breakthrough in health and safety performance,
+is launched at IAPA’s annual conference.
+IAPA’s President and CEO Maureen Shaw, as well
+as other representatives from IAPA, are invited to address
+delegates at the International Labour Office/International
+Social Security Association XVIIth World Congress in
+Orlando, FL.
+IAPA collaborates with the Pan American Health Organization.
+IAPA co-hosts Pakistan’s first major workplace
+health and safety conference.
+Statistics from the Association of Worker’s Compensation
+Boards of Canada show that every day in Canada three
+workers are killed and 926 workers are injured on the
+job.
+2006: IAPA’s head office moves
+to the Centre for Health & Safety Innovation, a
+project initiated in 1999.
+IAPA develops, in collaboration with the Municipal
+Health & Safety Association, Confined Space Entry,
+a new training program, which receives the Canadian
+Award for Training Excellence for an External Training
+Program from the Canadian Society for Training and Development.
+IAPA’s training program for new and inexperienced
+young workers, First 4 Weeks, receives an honourable
+mention in the External e-Learning Training Program
+category.
+IAPA is certified to ISO 9001:2000 for the design and
+delivery of training.
+IAPA receives the National Quality Institute’s
+Progressive Excellence Program Level III for Quality
+Certificate.
+IAPA is a recipient of a Bronze Level Quality Award
+of the Canada Awards for Excellence.
+2007
+The International Association of Labour Inspectors (IALI)
+holds its annual conference in Toronto – the first
+time an IALI conference is held in North America. IAPA
+co-hosts IALI Conference 2007 with IALI and the Ontario
+Ministry of Labour, in cooperation with the International
+Labour Organization, the Government of Canada, and the
+Workplace Safety and Insurance Board.
+IAPA’s staff numbers more than 210, with offices
+in Mississauga, London, Ottawa, Sudbury, and Thunder
+Bay.
+IAPA represents more than 50,000 member firms and in
+excess of 1.5 million Ontario workers. IAPA is one of
+Canada’s leading workplace health and safety organizations.
+The association is focused on providing industry-leading
+training, consulting, educational products, and informational
+services that meet members’ needs and the needs
+of those in their communities.
+The industry groups that IAPA represents include:
+Today is Varaha-dvadasi, the appearance day of the boar incarnation, Varahadeva. To celebrate His appearance, we shall read one verse about Him from Srimad-Bhagavatam, Canto Two, Chapter Seven, “Scheduled Incarnations with Specific Functions.”.
+COMMENT by Giriraj Swami
+From the beginning of creation, there have been two classes of human beings in the universe. One is the demigods, or the devotees, who are favorable to Lord Vishnu, and the other is the demons, who are against Lord Vishnu. The difference between them has existed from the beginning of creation, and the competition between them has continued until now. There are always struggles and fights between the devotees and the demons.
+Even to get the place where we are so comfortably sitting now, Hare Krishna Land, Juhu, there was a great struggle. Srila Prabhupada, the devotee, wanted to purchase the land to build a temple for Radha and Krishna, and so many enemies joined together to oppose him. Month after month the struggle continued, until ultimately Srila Prabhupada and the devotees were successful.
+Even after they acquired Hare Krishna Land, the struggle continued. So many enemies tried to stop the construction of the temple, but again, in the end, the devotees were successful and Srila Prabhupada was able to build this temple for Sri Sri Radha-Rasabihariji.
+Even after Srila Prabhupada’s disappearance, so many enemies tried to capture Hare Krishna Land and take the management of the temple from the devotees. They accused the devotees: we were CIA, we were spies, we were smugglers, we were this, we were that. They even claimed that the chakras on top of the temple domes were radio antennas for sending and receiving secret messages, and such ridiculous stories were published all over the newspapers. Finally, these enemies induced the police to make a thorough search of the entire premises.
+The police came to look for radios, contraband, and whatnot, and eventually they wanted to search Srila Prabhupada’s personal quarters on the fifth floor of the west tower. His Holiness Tamal Krishna Goswami was the GBC for Bombay, so he accompanied the officer to Prabhupada’s quarters. When the officer saw the quarters, he paused and asked, “Do you know why we are searching Hare Krishna Land?” Goswami Maharaja replied, “Because there are so many foreigners here.” The inspector in charge of the investigation said, “There are more foreigners at the Holiday Inn, so why are we not searching there?” Tamal Krishna Goswami replied, “I don’t know. Maybe you should say.” Then the officer said, “At the Holiday Inn they eat meat, they take intoxicants, they gamble, and they have illicit sex, so no one bothers about them. But here you don’t eat meat, fish, or eggs; you don’t take intoxicants; you don’t have illicit sex; and you don’t gamble. And you broadcast very loudly that people should not eat meat, should not take intoxicants, should not have illicit sex, and should not gamble. That is why we are investigating you. People are comfortable with sense gratification, so where there is sense gratification they feel comfortable. But you are giving up sense gratification, announcing it, and telling others to give it up as well. So people get disturbed, become suspicious, and want to know what’s happening, because they can’t understand how people can actually give up sense gratification. That’s why we are investigating you.”
+Shortly thereafter, I happened to read a purport in Srimad-Bhagavatam in which Srila Prabhupada states that the demons want to create a godless society in which they can enjoy sense gratification without restriction: “Demons are very much disturbed when devotees worship the Lord in the prescribed ways recommended in the scriptures. In the Vedic scriptures, the devotees are advised to engage in nine kinds of devotional service, such as to hear and chant the holy name of God, to remember Him always, to chant on beads Hare Krs. Demons do not like such activity. They are always envious of God and His devotees. Their propaganda not to worship in the temple or church but simply to make material advancement for satisfaction of the senses is always current. . . . Demons are always anxious to have a godless society for their sense gratification.” (SB 3.18.5 purport)
+So, that is the motive of the demons. They want to create a state of godlessness where they can indulge in sense gratification without restriction, and the devotees stand opposed to godlessness, opposed to sinful activities in defiance of God’s laws. Therefore there is always conflict and struggle. From the beginning of creation to the present, there is always a struggle between the devotees and the demons. The devotees want to establish the order of God, and the demons want to tear down God and God’s order.
+So, Hiranyaksa is described as the first demon, and he was killed by the boar incarnation at the beginning of the creation.
+PURPORT (continued).
+COMMENT
+The universe is a hollow sphere. In the lower half of the sphere is the Garbhodaka Ocean, and in the upper half is space, and within space so many planets are floating or orbiting. There is a very delicate balance that keeps the planets in space, and if the balance is disturbed the planet may fall down into the Garbhodaka Ocean.
+PURPORT (continued).
+COMMENT
+The demons do not appreciate the order of the universe created by God. They take everything for granted. They think they can transgress the laws of God without any reaction. They do not know that the creation is engineered very precisely and that if they disturb the natural order, there could be severe consequences. Now people are becoming aware of the threat to the planet and the environment. Just a slight shift in the earth’s axis or orbit will completely change the temperature, change the seasons, change the climate, and affect the ecology. But the demons don’t understand or care that by drilling the earth and extracting oil they can actually disturb the orbit of the earth, what to speak of other harmful effects. The devotees understand the laws of God and the laws of nature and try to act accordingly. And the demons defy the laws of God and do whatever they want. But the result of such independent activities is that they create disturbance for themselves and for others. The earth is surrounded by air and space. We cannot measure the atmosphere around the earth, it is so vast. But the biggest things we know—the oceans and the air—are now being polluted because of disregard for the laws of God and nature.
+It is not that the devotees are competing with the demons because they want to enjoy supremacy. Actually, devotees have no selfish interest. They just want to see that the people of the universe, all living entities within the universe, are peaceful and happy. But they know that people can be happy only if they surrender unto the Supreme Personality of Godhead and follow His orders. So out of compassion for others—not for any personal self-interest—they want society to be organized according to the laws of God. And because the demons disturb the natural order and cause innocent people to suffer, devotees feel concerned, and therefore, if necessary, they intervene. They fight with the demons to place the universe in the right hands, in the hands of persons who are submissive to the will of God, to the scriptures.
+PURPORT (continued).
+COMMENT
+Sri Varaha Bhagavan ki jaya!
+The Lord is the creator of the universe. As the father of all living entities, He is concerned for all of His children in the universe. So when the earth fell down into the Garbhodaka Ocean, the Lord assumed the form of Lord Varaha in order to pick it up. He assumed a form that was suitable for the purpose—the form of a boar with a long snout, which could enter into the water and lift up the earth planet.
+PURPORT (continued) Supreme Lord who have assumed the form of a boar! O Lord! The planet earth rested on Your tusks, and it appeared like the moon engraved with spots.”.
+COMMENT
+So, as any sensitive and intelligent devotee would have noticed, most of the public media is controlled by demons. They use the media to promote materialism, and quite often they use the media to mar spiritualism. During the struggle for Hare Krishna Land, the demons were very active. And apart from the articles that appeared against us, there were many articles that were designed to make a farce of religion. There was a newsmagazine, The Illustrated Weekly of India, that was very popular, and based on its editorial policy, the editor, Khushwant Singh, seemed to be a demon. “Demon” doesn’t mean having ten heads and twenty arms. Demons can also look like you or me. But they are considered demons because they are against the supremacy of the Lord. So, this Khushwant Singh published an article by one Agehananda Bharati, an Austrian scholar who had become a sannyasi, in which Dr. Bharati gave his account of his debate with our Hridayananda dasa, in which he had claimed that Lord Shiva was supreme and advocated the chanting of Lord Shiva’s name.
+I could understand that the idea of the article was to make both Bharati and us look foolish—religious fanatics fighting like children over nothing: “Krishna is supreme.” “No, Shiva is supreme.” “You should chant Hare Krishna.” “No, you should chant Shiva Shiva.” So I wrote Srila Prabhupada what the editor had done, and Srila Prabhupada agreed: “Yes, Giriraj is right. Bharati is a fool, but Singh is a demon.”
+Demons try to make religious people look silly so that intelligent people reject religion. Of course, much of what passes as religion is actually fanaticism, and Srila Prabhupada commented that in the present age intelligent people will be skeptical because so many cheaters adopt the guise of religious leaders. But then again, Srila Prabhupada also said that just because there is counterfeit money, it doesn’t mean there is no real money. Just because there are false religious leaders or false incarnations, it doesn’t mean there are no true representatives of God or true incarnations of God.
+A real incarnation of God does things that no one else can do, that ordinary human beings cannot even imagine. The Lord assuming the form of a boar and lifting the earth from the bottom of the Garbhodaka Ocean? We can’t even imagine it. These are the activities of real incarnations—not making ashes. Anyone can make ashes just by burning agarbatti, incense. You don’t need an incarnation to make ashes. So we should judge. Who is an incarnation? One who can do something that no one else can do.
+In one sense, Srila Prabhupada is also an incarnation, saktyavesa-avatara. He did what no one else could do: spread Krishna consciousness to every town and village in the world. Of course, Sri Chaitanya Mahaprabhu, the incarnation of Krishna for the age of Kali described in the scriptures, had desired it: prthivite ache yata nagaradi-grama/ sarvatra pracara haibe mora nama: “In every town and village in every country of the world, the glories of My name will be chanted.” (Caitanya-bhagavata, Antya 4.126) But five hundred years passed, and it was actually Srila Prabhupada who fulfilled the prediction and desire of Sri Chaitanya Mahaprabhu, which no one else had been able to do. Therefore Srila Prabhupada is accepted as saktyavesa-avatara, a living entity who is imbued with the potency of God. Sri Caitanya-caritamrta (Antya 7.11) confirms:.” The religious system for Kali-yuga is the chanting of the holy name of the Lord, sankirtana. And krsna-sakti vina nahe tara pravartana: unless one is blessed with krsna-sakti, the energy of Krishna, one cannot spread the chanting of the holy name all over the world. Because Srila Prabhupada was blessed with krsna-sakti, he was able to spread the sankirtana movement throughout the whole world.
+Still, Srila Prabhupada presented himself as the humble servant of the servant of the servant of the Lord, and generally we also worship him as the humble servant of the servant of the servant of Lord Krishna. And we want to be his servant, or the servant of his servants. That is the position of a Vaishnava: gopi-bhartuh pada-kamalayor dasa-dasanudasah. Even Sri Chaitanya Mahaprabhu presented Himself as such:)
+“But if you are not a brahman, not a kshatriya, not a vaishya, and not a sudra, if you are not a brahmachari, not a grihastha, not a vanaprastha, and not a sannyasi, then what are you?” Gopi-bhartuh pada-kamalayor dasa-dasanudasah: “I am the servant of the servant of the servant of Krishna, the maintainer of the gopis of Vrindavan.” So that is the identity of a Vaishnava. He has no other identity. He doesn’t identify with the material varnas and ashramas. He identifies himself as the servant of the servant of the servant of the Lord.
+In fact, Sisupala, who was also a great demon, criticized Lord Krishna, “No one knows Your caste. Sometimes You act as a cowherd boy, and sometimes You act as a warrior. So nobody knows Your caste, whether you are a kshatriya or a vaishya or what.” In Vedic civilization, to accuse someone of being without a caste is a great insult. Yet although Sisupala meant to criticize Krishna, indirectly he was glorifying Him, because the Lord—and the Vaishnava—is transcendental; he doesn’t belong to any caste. He doesn’t belong to any varna or any ashrama. So, mundane people or demonic people may criticize, “What are you? You are not a brahmana, not a kshatriya, not a vaishya, not a sudra. What are you? You don’t fit into our categories.” Or in the West, when we used to perform hari-nama-sankirtana in the streets of major cities, people would come up to us and shout, “Get a job!” But our business is to serve Krishna, and Krishna’s business is to enjoy transcendental bliss. Actually, Krishna and Krishna’s devotees are beyond material designations and categories. So although materialists may try to fit them into some category and then become bewildered or disturbed that they don’t fit, devotees know their own identities: they are just the servants of the servants of the servants of Krishna, the maintainer of the gopis of Vraja.
+PURPORT (concluded)
+When the Lord appeared to pick up the earth, the demon of the name Hiranyaksa tried to create a disturbance in the methodical functions of the Lord, and therefore he was killed by being pierced by the Lord’s tusk. According to Srila Jiva Gosvami, the demon Hiranyaksa was killed by the hand of the Lord and after being killed by the hand of the Lord, the demon was pierced by the tusk. Srila Visvanatha Cakravarti Thakura confirms this version.
+COMMENT
+The Lord is absolute: He can perform any function with any limb. But He chose to kill the demon with His hand, and then He pierced the demon’s body with His tusk.
+Now, what can we as devotees learn from this pastime? Of course, there are many lessons to learn from every pastime of the Lord. But we are also like planets in the sense that we stay afloat in Krishna consciousness by a delicate balance, and if there is a disturbance to that balance, we may fall down into the ocean of material existence. So we have to be careful to maintain our wholesome condition in spiritual life. And what is the balance? In general, Srila Prabhupada said that the balance is between hearing and chanting about Krishna in the morning and the evening and working for Krishna during the day. Thus Srila Prabhupada established the daily schedule for ISKCON: every morning from 4:30 to 8:30 the devotees come together in the temple and hear and chant about Krishna, and then again every evening from 7 to 9 they gather in the temple to hear and chant about Krishna, and during the day they engage in so many different activities for the spreading of Krishna consciousness. I don’t know if Srila Prabhupada himself used the term, but some devotees call it a “transcendental sandwich.” A sandwich is two pieces of bread with a filling in the middle. Similarly, we have the morning and evening programs, and in the middle we have our practical activities to spread Krishna consciousness. So, we have to keep the balance. We cannot imitate Haridasa Thakura and think that we can sit down and chant 300,000 names daily, because we can’t do it and don’t have the time to do it. Nor should we work like materialistic people, just keeping busy going here and there to get and spend money with no time to hear and chant about Krishna. We need to do both: hear and chant about Krishna and engage in practical service to spread Krishna consciousness.
+And we should cultivate favorable relationships with devotees. Because we are social animals, if we don’t develop relationships with devotees, we will make relationships with nondevotees. Relationships with nondevotees will lead us into nondevotional activities or sinful activities, and ultimately we will commit offenses against devotees. So, to maintain the delicate balance, we need the association of devotees. Otherwise, if our outside engagements become too much and our spiritual association becomes too little, we may fall down into the material ocean.
+But even if we fall down grossly or subtly, the Lord is very kind and will pick us up. Specifically, the spiritual master will come and pick up the devotee if by chance the devotee falls from the standard of pure Krishna consciousness. So we are not alone in our struggle. We do our best to follow the instructions we have received from sadhu, shastra, and guru. Still, because the material energy is very powerful, we may become bewildered and fall from the pure principles of Krishna consciousness. But the spiritual master will not leave us. As long as we are sincerely trying to serve him, he will not leave us; he will pick us up again and again. Just like a child who is learning to walk—because the child is weak, sometimes he or she might stumble and fall, but the parent will pick up the child and help him or her to walk again. The parent will actually hold the hand of the child, and the child, being helped by the parent, will walk without any fear or difficulty. So, in Krishna consciousness we are not alone. We don’t try to succeed by our own strength or our own intelligence. Rather, we are helped by the hand of the Lord, who extends Himself in the form of the spiritual master. And if we allow ourselves to be guided by the spiritual master, we can be relieved from all distress and disturbance.
+For example, Arjuna was so confused; he did not know what to do. He saw arrayed on the battlefield before him his uncle, his cousin-brothers, his teachers, his superiors—people who loved him, who had fed him, who had trained him—and he was thinking, “How can I fight with them? How can I kill them? Even if I win the kingdom, how will I be able to enjoy it?” People want to enjoy some kingdom or some success or some facility with people they love. He was thinking, “Even if I win the battle and gain the kingdom, I won’t be able to enjoy it, because all the people I would want to enjoy it with will be dead, and I will be responsible.” He was bewildered, and eventually he became overwhelmed with grief. His limbs were shaking, and his eyes were full of tears. Although he was such a powerful kshatriya, such a fierce warrior, the material energy is so strong that even he was trembling, his eyes brimming with tears.
+And then Arjuna made a critical decision. He decided to surrender to Krishna and accept Him as his spiritual master. He had been enjoying a relationship of friendship with Krishna. They would sit together as equals, dine together as equals, and in general enjoy together as equals. And Arjuna had relished that friendly relationship. But when he was bewildered about what to do and what not to do, he could not get any solution just by being friends with Krishna and talking with Him as equals. It was only when Arjuna decided to surrender to Krishna and accept Him as his spiritual master and take instruction from Him that Lord Krishna began to teach him the knowledge of the Bhagavad-gita. Arjuna said, “I am confused about my duty—I do not know what to do—so now I am surrendering unto You. Please instruct.” (Gita 2.7) When Arjuna surrendered to Krishna, he asked Krishna to instruct him—what to do, how to solve this problem. And when he accepted Krishna’s instructions, all of his problems were solved.
+Srila Prabhupada once wrote to a disciple, “Your enthusiastic response to my instructions is very encouraging. Actually, the disciple is supposed to find relief from all of his problems just by carrying out the orders of the spiritual master. In the beginning Arjuna was completely confused and lamenting, but after accepting Krishna and hearing from Him he said, ‘Nowrishna consciousness.” (SP letter dated 4.5.1974)
+So, this is our process. We don’t try to stay afloat by our own efforts, by our own intelligence. We take help from Krishna and Krishna’s representatives, and that will lift us up. Even if we have fallen down and become bewildered and confused—we don’t know what to do and what not to do—when we surrender to Krishna’s representative, he will pick us up by his guidance and mercy.
+Today I read a letter from a devotee in Mauritius. In the beginning he related how after spending some few minutes with me and discussing some problems he had, his chanting had improved. But then, after some time, the same problems came again—not as bad as before, but still, the same problems returned. I had given him five instructions, and he was not following one. So he wrote, “Please give me your mercy that I may follow your instructions.” Now, that appeal may sound nice, but in one case when a disciple prayed to Srila Prabhupada, “Please give me your mercy that I may follow your instructions,” Srila Prabhupada replied, “It is like a man who has fallen to the bottom of a well. I come and send down a rope to pull him out, and the man at the bottom prays, ‘Please give me your mercy. Please make my fingers curl around the rope.’” And with that, Srila Prabhupada made such a face of disgust. The person is giving you his mercy by sending down the rope. All you have to do is hold on to it and he will lift you up, and you are praying, “Please give me your mercy that my fingers will curl around the rope.” So, the spiritual master comes and sends down the rope of his instructions, and all you have to do is follow his instructions and he’ll lift you out of the deep, dark well of material existence and situate you at the lotus feet of Krishna. But at least you have to hold on to the rope. At least you have to try to follow the instructions—not even follow perfectly, but at least try to follow the instructions—and he will lift you up.
+Actually, our process, the descending process, is very easy. Knowledge descends from above. Mercy descends from above. We just have to accept it, and then the Lord will lift us up out of our abominable condition, just as Lord Boar lifted up the earth when it had fallen into the Garbhodaka Ocean. So this is the mercy of Krishna. Sometimes Krishna comes personally, as one or another of so many incarnations, but generally He sends His representatives. And for us, the rope that can take us out of the material world back to Krishna is the disciplic succession. So we just hold on to the rope of the disciplic succession—the instructions of the disciplic succession—and the disciplic succession will lift us out of the well of material existence and situate us at the lotus feet of Sri Sri Radha-Rasabihari in pure devotional service.
+Hare Krishna.
+Are there any questions or comments?
+Mataji: [inaudible]
+Giriraj Swami: The question is: When we do something wrong, is it misuse of our free will, or is it the Lord’s arrangement to purify us? Both may be true. We may misuse our free will and come into difficulty, but even then we are not alone. The Lord is there, and He wants us to learn from our mistake and rectify it. So, although the Lord is not responsible for our mistakes (nadatte kasyacit papam)—we are responsible—by the Lord’s mercy we can learn from our mistakes and be reinstated in our constitutional position and be stronger and better than we were before we made the mistake. Because we have learned from the mistake, we are actually better situated than before.
+Devotee 1: [inaudible]
+Giriraj Swami: Yes, by the misuse of the free will we make the mistake, and by mercy of the Lord we get the intelligence to realize our mistake and rectify it. Of course, the Lord’s mercy is open to everyone. So it is the devotee’s openness to receiving the Lord’s mercy and being rectified that allows the devotee to be reinstated. Not everyone who makes a mistake is purified. But it is to the credit of the devotee that even after making the mistake he or she tries to take shelter of the Lord, to take shelter of the spiritual master, and by the mercy of the Lord and the spiritual master is able to improve, to come back to the proper standard.
+Devotee 1: [inaudible]
+Giriraj Swami: She says that in Bombay people work late at night and then sleep late in the morning, so how to make our transcendental sandwich—how to strike a proper balance between spiritual activities and the material world? Everyone has his minute independence. In most cases, if someone wants to take rest early and get up early, he or she can. Although there may be some jobs that require one to work late, still, if we give priority to hearing and chanting about Krishna, we will be able to find time. “Be there a will, and wisdom finds a way.” Many people watch television at night, or read the newspaper or go to clubs. They find time, because nobody can work day and night without recreation. They need some recreation. Generally, people work in the mode of passion, so they want relief from that mode. Sinful people get relief through the mode of ignorance: they go to a bar and get drunk; they engage in meat-eating, illicit sex, and gambling. They try to get relief from the mode of passion by plunging themselves into ignorance. And pious people get relief through the mode of goodness. They want to rise early, to chant Hare Krishna, to attend mangala-arati, to read Srimad-Bhagavatam. So, there is time for recreation. Nobody can work day and night, without recreation. And according to the person’s desire, he or she can seek recreation in sinful life or spiritual life.
+And if someone is really confused about how to organize their time, they can speak to some experienced devotee and get some suggestions. There are many devotees, even in Bombay, who work during the day, but they still chant sixteen rounds, come to the temple, attend satsangas, and read Prabhupada’s books. Where there is a will, there is a way.
+Devotee 2: [inaudible]
+Giriraj Swami: He says that he read in an article by Khushwant Singh himself that Singh came to Hare Krishna Land, stayed in the guest house, closed the doors so that he wouldn’t be disturbed by conchshells, and drank whisky. He himself has written so.
+When the sun rises, the owl goes into the cave; the owl doesn’t like sunlight, so he goes into the darkness of the cave. Krsna—surya-sama; maya haya andhakara/ yahan krsna, tahan nahi mayara adhikara. Godhead is light, and nescience is darkness. Where there is Godhead, there is no nescience, or darkness. Singh came here; he could have been in the light of Krishna consciousness, in the glory of Sri Sri Radha-Rasabihari. But he went to his room, closed the door, turned out the light, and drowned himself in the bottle. That was his free will. We do not force. Even Krishna does not force. After explaining everything to Arjuna, Krishna did not force him to fight. Rather, He told Arjuna, “Now you have heard everything that I have said; now yathecchasi tatha kuru—whatever you like you can do.” And immediately Arjuna replied, smrtir labdha: Now my memory has come back; now I remember my actual position. Now I am prepared to act as You instruct me. Karisye vacanam tava: I am prepared to act according to Your order. Krishna never forces. He gave Arjuna the choice. He explained everything, but in the end He gave Arjuna the choice, and Arjuna voluntarily surrendered. Karisye vacanam tava: Now I am prepared to act according to Your order.
+So, I am sure that those who want to take the benefit of Sri Sri Radha-Rasabihari’s splendor and mercy and glory will do so. And those who want to close the door and open the bottle—they too have their free will. They too are free to do as they like—and enjoy or suffer the consequences.
+Sri Varahadeva ki jaya!
+Sri Sri Radha-Rasabihari ki jaya!
+Sri Sri Gaura-Nitai ki jaya!
+Srila Prabhupada ki jaya!
+[A talk by Giriraj Swami on Varaha-dvadasi, February 8, 1998, Juhu, Bombay]
+Current Problems in Diagnostic RadiologyCurrent Problems in Diagnostic Radiology RSS feed: Current Issue.. Current Problems in Diagnostic Radiology0363-0188436November 2014 © 2014 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved. healthpermissions@elsevier.comLetter from the Guest Editor has been a pleasure editing this issue of Current Problems in Diagnostic Radiology on selected topics in obstetrics ultrasound. This issue covers a multitude of challenges faced by the radiologist in general practice in prenatal diagnosis and obstetrical ultrasound evaluation and illuminates possible pitfalls and management considerations. Minor and major markers are an important problem that the radiologist faces on a daily basis. Identifying the potential chromosomal anomalies but also figuring out if a minor marker is an incidental finding without any significance to it is important. The article on chromosomal anomalies explains these findings and how to deal with them appropriately. Twins have special issues and complications that are not seen in singleton pregnancies. The article on twins in this issue tries to explain these complications and how to identify them on ultrasound. Newer techniques like fetal magnetic resonance (MR) can help diagnose and differentiate various structural anomalies in the fetus, and the 2 articles on fetal MR explain the technique of fetal MR and appearance of some of the anomalies on fetal MR. Lastly, placenta is always the forgotten organ, and the article on placenta explains imaging finding seen with abnormalities of the placenta.Letter from the Guest EditorManjiri Dighe10.1067/j.cpradiol.2014.05.008Current Problems in Diagnostic Radiology 43, 6 (2014)2014-06-23Current Problems in Diagnostic Radiology2014-06-23436S0363-0188(13)X0011-8Editorial299299Simplifying the Ultrasound Findings of the Major Fetal Chromosomal Aneuploidies aneuploidy markers and structural anomalies associated with the 5 most common chromosomal aneuploidies are organized and simplified to highlight the many sonographic findings that are commonly seen with each aneuploidy. Identification of these findings allows families to have the option to pursue prenatal genetic testing to confirm or exclude chromosomal abnormalities suggested by such prenatal ultrasound findings and make informed decisions about the subsequent management of their pregnancy. We review the most common major human chromosomal aneuploidies, including trisomies 21, 18, and 13; Turner syndrome; and triploidy. The focus is on the major structural anomalies seen with each of these, as well as ultrasound markers (findings associated with increased risk of chromosomal abnormality but also seen in normal fetuses). The role of clinical information such as maternal serum screening and new cell-free fetal DNA screening is also reviewed. As patients do not usually present for fetal ultrasound with a known diagnosis, a concise knowledge of ultrasound and clinical findings will alert radiologists to concerning cases and prompt a guided search for important associated anomalies. Fetal ultrasound can be challenging owing to the many findings and sometimes technically difficult evaluation. By simplifying the ultrasound findings seen with the major chromosomal abnormalities and highlighting the role of clinical history, we hope that an informed search for specific sonographic findings can be performed; thereby, reducing missed diagnoses.Simplifying the Ultrasound Findings of the Major Fetal Chromosomal AneuploidiesJoy Liau, Lorene Romine, Lauren A. Korty, Cherng Chao, Katherine White, Sheena Harmon, Yoona Ho, Andrew D. Hull, Dolores H. Pretorius10.1067/j.cpradiol.2014.04.004Current Problems in Diagnostic Radiology 43, 6 (2014)2014-11-01Current Problems in Diagnostic Radiology2014-11-01436S0363-0188(13)X0011-8Review Articles300316Imaging Concerns Unique to Twin Pregnancy.Imaging Concerns Unique to Twin PregnancySowmya Mahalingam, Manjiri Dighe10.1067/j.cpradiol.2014.05.003Current Problems in Diagnostic Radiology 43, 6 (2014)2014-11-01Current Problems in Diagnostic Radiology2014-11-01436S0363-0188(13)X0011-8Review Articles317330The Fundamentals of Fetal MR Imaging: Part 1 malformations detected in any fetal system using ultrasound may be further evaluated with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to improve counseling, to plan deliveries appropriately, and sometimes to enable fetal interventions. In this first half of a 2-part review, the history and safety factors regarding fetal MRI, as well as the practical aspects of image acquisition, are discussed. In addition, as central nervous system anomalies are most commonly and best evaluated using fetal MRI, challenging central nervous system anomalies, such as fetal ventriculomegaly, posterior anomalies, and neural tube defects, detected using prenatal ultrasound are also reviewed with a focus on the fundamental implications of these diagnoses.The Fundamentals of Fetal MR Imaging: Part 1Matthew R. Plunk, Teresa Chapman10.1067/j.cpradiol.2014.05.014Current Problems in Diagnostic Radiology 43, 6 (2014)2014-07-24Current Problems in Diagnostic Radiology2014-07-24436S0363-0188(13)X0011-8Review Articles331346The Fundamentals of Fetal Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Part 2 assessment of fetal anatomy by a combination of ultrasound and fetal magnetic resonance imaging offers the clinical teams and counselors caring for the patient information that can be critical for the management of both the mother and the fetus. In the second half of this 2-part review, we focus on space-occupying lesions in the fetal body. Because developing fetal tissues are programmed to grow rapidly, mass lesions can have a substantial effect on the formation of normal adjacent organs. Congenital diaphragmatic hernia and lung masses, fetal teratoma, and intra-abdominal masses are discussed, with an emphasis on differential etiologies and on fundamental management considerations.The Fundamentals of Fetal Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Part 2Matthew R. Plunk, Teresa Chapman10.1067/j.cpradiol.2014.05.010Current Problems in Diagnostic Radiology 43, 6 (2014)2014-06-27Current Problems in Diagnostic Radiology2014-06-27436S0363-0188(13)X0011-8Review Articles347355Sonographic Appearance of the Placenta placenta forms the interface between the mother and the fetus and is essential to fetal growth and development. In addition to the exchange of gases and nutrients, it serves immunologic and endocrine functions that protect the fetus and support physiological changes in pregnancy. Although often largely ignored during routine obstetric ultrasound and discarded after delivery, careful sonographic evaluation of the placenta can identify abnormalities that have profound implications for pregnancy outcomes and management. After describing the normal sonographic appearance of the placenta and normal anatomical variations, we review pathologic placental conditions, emphasize ultrasound findings, and highlight implications for pregnancy management and outcomes.Sonographic Appearance of the PlacentaZachary S. Bowman, Anne M. Kennedy10.1067/j.cpradiol.2014.05.006Current Problems in Diagnostic Radiology 43, 6 (2014)2014-06-23Current Problems in Diagnostic Radiology2014-06-23436S0363-0188(13)X0011-8Review Articles356373Multimodality Imaging of the Postpartum or Posttermination Uterus: Evaluation Using Ultrasound, Computed Tomography, and Magnetic Resonance Imaging and posttermination complications are common causes of morbidity and mortality in women of reproductive age. These complications can be broadly categorized into vascular, infectious, surgical, and neoplastic etiologies, or are due to ectopic implantation of placental or endometrial tissue. Causes of postpartum vascular complications include retained products of conception, arteriovenous malformation, and pseudoaneurysm. Infectious entities include endometritis, abscess, wound cellulitis, and pelvic septic thrombophlebitis. Postsurgical complications include uterine scar dehiscence, bladder flap hematoma, and subfascial hematoma. Neoplastic complications include the spectrum of gestational trophoblastic neoplasms. Ectopic tissue implantation complications include abnormal placentation and uterine scar endometriosis. Imaging is essential for diagnosis, and radiologists must be familiar with and aware of these entities so that accurate treatment and management can be obtained. In this review, we illustrate the imaging findings of common postpartum and posttermination complications on ultrasound, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging.Multimodality Imaging of the Postpartum or Posttermination Uterus: Evaluation Using Ultrasound, Computed Tomography, and Magnetic Resonance ImagingSherelle L. Laifer-Narin, Ellie Kwak, Hyonah Kim, Elizabeth M. Hecht, Jeffrey H. Newhouse10.1067/j.cpradiol.2014.06.001Current Problems in Diagnostic Radiology 43, 6 (2014)2014-07-21Current Problems in Diagnostic Radiology2014-07-21436S0363-0188(13)X0011-8Review Articles374385Upcoming Articles Articles10.1067/S0363-0188(14)00100-5Current Problems in Diagnostic Radiology 43, 6 (2014)2014-11-01Current Problems in Diagnostic Radiology2014-11-01436S0363-0188(13)X0011-8Review ArticlesIBCIBCIn Recent Issues Recent Issues10.1067/S0363-0188(14)00101-7Current Problems in Diagnostic Radiology 43, 6 (2014)2014-11-01Current Problems in Diagnostic Radiology2014-11-01436S0363-0188(13)X0011-8Review ArticlesOBCOBC
+— R a small room, 13 magistrates sat in judgment on both the democratically-elected government of President Boris Yeltsin and its predecessor, the CPSU.
+The event had no precedent in Russian history, for Russia’s governments had always stood above the law. Watching the proceedings of the Constitutional Court, one had the sense of witnessing a dramatic break in the destiny of an ancient nation that had suffered more than most from the curse of lawlessness.
+The antecedents of the trial go back to the abortive putsch launched one year ago by a group of Communist officials, military officers and functionaries of the security services. Its immediate purpose was to prevent the signing of the new federal constitution, which would have deprived them of much authority. Ultimately, it was intended to put an end to perestroika, which they felt had gotten out of control. They organized their coup badly and when Yeltsin, supported by a few thousand brave democrats, stood up to them, it collapsed.
+Three days later, Yeltsin issued a decree in which he accused the CPSU of direct involvement in the coup attempt. Hearings followed. On 9 November 1991, Yeltsin issued a further decree which asserted that the CPSU “was never a party” but “a special mechanism for the creation and realization of political power through fusion with state structures or their direct subordination” to itself. The decree accused the CPSU not only of masterminding the putsch but continuing to undermine democratic institutions with the view to staging another coup d’etat. The CPSU was ordered to cease all activity on Russian territory and to turn over its properties to the state. The decree explicitly forbade prosecution of individual citizens for membership in the outlawed party.
+Following this, 37 peoples’ deputies representing the defunct CPSU petitioned the Constitutional Court to review the decrees for alleged violations of several articles of the republic’s constitution. A group of anti-Communist deputies responded with a countersuit, charging the CPSU with being an unconstitutional organization. The two suits were tried concurrently.
+An expert witness
+I happened to be in Moscow when the trial opened, doing research in the Central Party Archive that Yeltsin’s decrees had at long last made available to scholars. The Constitutional Court invited me to judge the premises underlying the decrees – in particular two key questions: “Can one regard the CPSU as a political party?” and “Has the CPSU committed some violations of the Constitution, of laws and norms of international law which give grounds for regarding it as an unconstitutional organization?”
+I agreed to serve as expert witness on a subject to which I have devoted many years of study. I did not take seriously warnings by some friends that this carried physical risks: It came something of a shock, therefore, to learn a few days later that Sergei Shakhrai, President Yeltsin’s principal spokesman in the court, was nearly killed in a road accident that had all the earmarks of an assassination attempt.
+Because of schedule conflicts, I recorded my views in a written deposition, confirming as historically sound the premises of the presidential decrees concerning the nature and operating methods of the CPSU: The Bolsheviks from the day of their October 1917 coup d’etat acted not as a party but as a state-within-the state, banning every rival political organization and taking all decisions affecting the government within the narrow confines of the Bolshevik Central Committee and its Politburo. Since disbanding the Constituent Assembly in January 1918, they behaved in an indisputably unconstitutional manner.
+Nothing that I wrote was new. But in Russia, where for 70 years the CPSU had monopolized the historical sources as well as the writing of history, what is obvious to Western specialists can come as a revelation. The trial opened in an atmosphere charged with tension. Outside the courtroom, behind barriers set up by the militia, crowds of Communist sympathizers, their faces distorted with anger and hatred, demanded to be allowed in. They clearly wanted to disrupt the proceedings. I could not help thinking that but a year earlier, the roles would have been reversed: the stony-faced militia would have kept behind barriers, if not behind bars, the very persons they were now protecting.
+An air of unreality
+Inside the court, one Communist representative threatened a new coup, for which he was reprimanded by the Chief Justice Valerii Zorkin and barred from further testimony. When a judge announced my name as a court-appointed witness, a Communist deputy sprang to his feet to protest a foreigner being called to testify at a Russian constitutional trial. To this, Zorkin replied that the court was free to choose as its expert any one it thought fit.
+From long habit, the Communists, impeccably dressed and groomed, sitting in a phalanx to the left of the judges, behaved as if they were still in charge. They reminded one of nothing so much as of an ex-boxing champion who had suffered brain injury and could no longer fight but, unaware what had happened to him, flexed his muscles and offered to take on all comers. They were a pathetic lot.
+The proceedings had about them an air of unreality, symbolized by the hammer-and-sickle hanging in the rear of the courtroom side by side with the Russian tricolor flag. Nine of the 13 judges are said to have belonged to the Communist Party.
+It is not clear how the CPSU can be prosecuted under a constitution of its own making (and still in force). The Communists’ appeals to law, the separation of powers and the principle of political pluralism are plainly ludicrous. At every step there is evidence of inexperience, lack of precedent and, despite earnest attempts, of an inability to keep politics separate from law. The public, which has never known legal standards to be applied to its government, is receptive to arguments of Communists that the proceedings are a Russian version of the Nuremberg trial and that the CPSU is tried not for having done anything wrong but for its having lost out in the struggle for power.
+A trial of “great historic significance”
+But whatever the verdict on the Communist Party, the constitutional trial now in progress (it adjourned at the beginning of August for one month), is of great historic significance, and this for two reasons.
+One, Russia never went through a feudal period, in the true sense of that word, and hence is unfamiliar with the fundamental precept that lord and vassal are equally subject to contractual obligations, that is, to legal norms – a precept later extended in Western democracies to relations between government and citizens. Not only czarist governments but even czarist officials enjoyed exemption from legal culpability. During the brief constitutional period (1906-1917), czarist ministers could be questioned in parliament about illegal acts attributed to them but they could not be removed from office, let alone tried.
+As for Lenin, he made no secret that he regarded law as an instrument of government: He defined the “dictatorship of the proletariat” as authority unconstrained by law. And he constructed on this principle a pseudo-judiciary system that Stalin inherited and perfected. In the entire history of Russia, and especially during the Communist reign, lawlessness was not simply a fact of life in the relationship between state and citizenry but an institutionalized principle, the quintessence of the system.
+This pernicious tradition is now being breached. No matter what the outcome of the trial, the principle has been established – and this, paradoxically, as a result of a suit initiated by the Communists themselves – that government, like a private citizen, is subject to law. It is the first step on the road to civil society and the creation of a constitutional framework without which no progress, least of all economic progress, is possible.
+Two, the proceedings are likely to provide Russians with an unforgettable lesson in their own history. Presidential experts, gathering evidence for the trial, have been allowed into the most closely guarded archival repositories of the CPSU and its agencies, including the KGB. Much seems to have been destroyed, but dozens of volumes have been compiled to serve as evidence of the party’s criminal activity. The public, of course, is vaguely aware that terrible things have happened in Russia since 1917, but it has been influenced by the self-serving claims that the cruelties had been necessary to prevent counter-revolution and foreign conquest.
+When the trial resumes and the spokesmen for the president have the floor, they will learn the full dimensions of the barbarities that had been committed to no other purpose than to keep the Communists in power. The KGB has already been forced to reveal that the Soviet regime executed 828,000 persons for so-called anti-state crimes, a figure that represents only a fraction of the millions who had lost their lives without being formally sentenced to death as a result of police-inflicted and police-supervised beatings and malnutrition. As the presidential party unfolds its case, the majority of the citizens will, for the first time, have the opportunity to learn what their parents and grandparents lived through and what censorship and fear had concealed from them. The importance of this lesson in history cannot be overestimated. It is likely to have an enormous cathartic effect.
+***
+Everything in Russia is in flux. The trauma of Communism, still inadequately appreciated in the West (in no small measure thanks to years of soothing disinformation dispensed by fellow-travellers and “value-free” social scientists), had created in the majority of the population, especially among the better educated, a revulsion against the past. They are thoroughly rid of the old national arrogance and of the messianism that gave it political expression. They suffer under the weight of guilt and inferiority that the Communists seek to turn to their own advantage by denying they have anything to be ashamed of.
+But there is no return for the Communists. Even if they toppled the democratic government and reclaimed dictatorial authority, they would be able neither to solve the basic problems that afflict the country nor frighten the population into total submission. The defense of Moscow’s White House last August was the first step on the road to a new Russia; the constitutional trial is its logical resolution. There is hope.
+***
+Richard Pipes (1923-2018) taught at Harvard University for almost forty years and was author of The Russian Revolution (1990). In 1981-1982 he served as director of East European and Soviet Affairs in President Reagan’s National Security Council.
+========================
+NOTE
+The “Trial of the CPSU” or, more correctly, the hearings at the Constitutional Court, ran from May to November 1992. The hearings took place on the following dates: 26 May, 6-15 July, 20 July-4 August, 14 September-23 October, and 28 October-30 November.
+The hearings concerned [1] three edicts issued by President Yeltsin on 23 and 25 August, and on 6 November 1991 banning the activities and sequestrating the property of the Communist Party; and [2] counter-charges querying the constitutional status of the CPSU and the Communist Party of the RSFSR.
+JC
+“Oh”, some Christians like to say, shaking their heads sadly, “he’s forgotten the message of Christ.”
+Usually this is said about some particularly harsh and unlikeable fellow believer.
+This is a rather stupid thing to say.
+This is the reason.
+What words of Christ are these that the speaker refers to? Certainly not the miserably life-hating Puritan understand of Jesus, or the autocratic Medieval version. Something far older, then. Something original, something that Jesus himself actually said, and what he understood he was saying.
+And there’s the problem. It’s known and accepted among historians, though they seldom mention this, that the sources for what Jesus said and did are quite few: the best are the partial and fiercely partisan writings of his various later followers, written decades after his death, and each representing quite differently tampered ideas and confabulations of his life and teachings.*
+Still, there’s (or so I hear) a broadish agreement on what Jesus was: Jesus of Nazareth was a prophet of the end of the world, like many other Jewish prophets of his time.
+He preached his love and reform because he thought time was running out: he did not look forward to any otherworldly Heaven after death, but to a God’s kingdom on Earth that would come very soon — in those parts of the Gospels that seem most likely to be Jesus’s own words, he repeatedly proclaims that his generation would not pass away before the end came; some of those present would see it come. Then those that had reformed would be rewarded; then the others would be punished. That is why his words were so shrill and extreme — give away all you have, take no heed of tomorrow, leave your family if you must, pluck out that tempting eye, and trust in God, because time is running out. All the good things he coaxed people to do were intended to be short-term fixes, ways to be on the good side of some mystical son of God when he came with the trumps and fires of judgment.
+Jesus was a prophet of an imminent apocalypse, like many others of his time, like John the Baptist with whom he most likely associated when starting his preachy career: and like every single one of those prophets, he was wrong.
+The world did not end; actually, it’s nearly two thousand years later now, and the world still hasn’t ended!
+Now this Christ, available to us through a careful, dispassionate examination of our sources — and dispensed in a handy, Pez-sized chunks by my passionate irritation at certain unthinking assumptions of the religious — is not the Christ whose message we so often are urged to remember. Indeed, this true Jesus is a man that has been forgotten, forgotten with a good reason: the apocalyptic prophet of today is the laughingstock of tomorrow once tomorrow dawns.
+So, when noble Christians tell others to remember the words of Christ, they should remember that those words originate from a failed prophet of doom, a man who did not wish to build a better society and whose radical advice was designed to last for just a few years, a few years because he thought the end of the world was close and after that all would be fine. That was his message.
+In my opinion Jesus’s words, whatever of them remains in the Bible, are not particularly praiseworthy. Some of them are fine, some too extreme to be practical, some are utterly monstrous. And this is to be expected, since he did not wish to build a better society, or base his words on closely argued ideas of good societies and lasting relations. He was an unexceptional prophet of doom with only short-term goals, a man whose words began to be altered, misinterpreted and perverted for partisan ends the moment he died: eventually he became the God of a religion he would not have recognized, in a time he did not think would come.
+If one absolutely needs to do a namedrop for a mention of the Golden Rule, Confucius is a much better choice.
+At the very least Confucius, though his teachings no doubt have their own faults, did not preach panicky stopgap measures, but had some desire for a just and lasting society that we mortals could set up on our own.
+* * *
+*, “partial and partisan” : One should read Ehrman’s Misquoting Jesus for the latter and Jesus, Interrupted for the earlier marks of all kinds of religious sect- and group-divisions and arguments over teachings in the New Testament. It’s particularly chuckleworthy — well, for an atheist anyway — to see it laid out how each of the nameless Gospel-writers had his own agenda, and thus a different way of telling, distorting and making up stories of Jesus. As a result, a deft one can quote the New Testament to support any degree of callousness or love: whatever is needed at the time.
+* * *
+Then again, some Christians sidestep this all by saying, in a bit more ornate a way, that it doesn’t matter what “really” happened, what matters is the Jesus they themselves see, perceive and love. Fair enough, but someone like that shouldn’t comment on anyone else “forgetting the message of Christ”!
+April 3, 2009 at 16:23
+hmmm…interesting. I’m not a christian, or any religion for that matter. But, what I get from your blog, is that you fall into the same category as the extremists. The basic argument towards extremist christians is how literal they translate the bible…and you are doing the same exact thing. So in my book, nobody wins, just live your life and be a good person rather than trying to prove the “other-side” wrong.
+April 3, 2009 at 16:33
+Surely I am not an extremist for being passionate about finding how things really are? (Well, trying to, anyway.)
+A literalist Bible-reader would say “this is what the Bible says; if the evidence differs, so much worse for the evidence!”, while (in my opinion anyway) my words are “this is what the evidence says, and if the Bible disagrees, well, so much worse for the Bible”.
+April 3, 2009 at 16:47
+“passionate about finding how things really are?” Just because you think this is “how things really are,” does not mean that you are correct or wrong. It’s your guess…your thoughts.
+Again, you fall into the same category as the extremist by stating that this is where “evidence” has lead you. You are interpreting Jesus’ words according to how you personally understand them. Someone else may come to the opposite conclusion of yours by also interpreting Jesus’ words according to their own reason and logic.
+April 3, 2009 at 17:28
+But surely some guesses, thoughts and conclusions are better, truer, than others, no?
+To say that the Gospel according to Mark is written by Mark Twain is simply false; evidence that all (well, most people anyway; there’s no pleasing everybody) can agree on tells the Gospel is much older than Twain. To say that the Gospel was written by Mark the companion of Paul is better; it at least seems to fit with when the text seems to have been written. Still, one can note that the Gospel never says who its writer was, and that some parts of it don’t read like one would expect that Mark to write it, and it is pseudonymous instead, and thus again by dispassionate examination of evidence some sort of tentative best-guess agreement on the Gospel’s real origins can be reached.
+It’s not like all guesses are equal: some require less leaps of logic and explain our evidence better, and I try to adopt those guesses that fit the facts best. (Then again I could be wrong: some very important fact could still be undiscovered, or forever lost, but that doesn’t mean a best guess and a bit of humility isn’t the best way of approaching things.)
+April 3, 2009 at 17:40
+No…guesses, thoughts and conclusions are all the same…there is not one that is better or truer than the other. My argument could be, what if Jesus didn’t exist? What will be said of the “facts” and “evidence” then? You can’t prove to me that he did exist. We can only base what was said about him in Scriptures and what was said to be his word in Scripture. That’s where faith comes in.
+April 3, 2009 at 18:10
+Uncritically reading the Scriptures and then invoking faith (“it’s so because I adamantly want it to be so”) to get to some conclusion does seem a bit dodgy to me, especially since with the help of faith people can reach wildly contradictory conclusions.
+(And proving things — well, I can’t absolutely prove to you that Jesus did or not exist. I can’t prove that Malaysia exists, either: it could be just a giant hoax organized by persons unknown; but accepting that we can’t ever be certain of everything, I think we still can be more certain of some things than of others, and accept some as very likely (like the existence of Malaysia) and provisionally true, and dismiss some (like the Malaysia-conspiracy) as exceedingly unlikely.)
+April 3, 2009 at 18:19
+lol! I’m enjoying our little back and forth here. :)
+It is a bit dodgy, but how can we knock or judge others for what they believe?
+April 3, 2009 at 20:19
+Well, everyone obviously has has the right (or more like “should have the right”) to believe whatever they want, whether it is that the Moon is made of green cheese or that the Moon is rock.
+That’s not the same as saying that one shouldn’t disagree with other people — and disagreement especially arises when some people try to effect their personal opinions on others. I suppose there would be some occasion for judging opinions if a politician proposed, based on his own opinions, solving the world’s food problems with a trillion-dollar Flight Project to the Moon Cheese.
+Whenever disagreements like this (this one is made up; or so I hope) rise, they’re about people telling others what to believe. Once that happens, there is much argument and probably also winning and losing sides: those that have substantiated their claims, told others why their opinion should be followed, and those that have crumbled into mumbling “It’s so because it’s so”. As an atheist, that seems like a division between reason and faith, between the evidence-based view of the world that keeps planes up and phones working, and the religious view that insists that one has to make a little leap… to the cheese that apparently petrifies once touched by human hands.
+It’s not a bad thing to be wrong, but it’s silly to keep holding a wrong opinion if it has been convincingly shown to be wrong. True, the new opinion can be wrong too, but at least it’s a more refined wrongness, and
+hopelesshopefully closer to truth.
+(This is indeed enjoyable back and forth.)
+April 3, 2009 at 21:03
+You mean the moon isn’t made up of green cheese?!? (loved that btw!)
+happy friday and have a great weekend :)
+April 3, 2009 at 21:24
+Likewise!
+I won the Mother of the Year Award – the one for which my girlfriends and I rigorously train and compete – the year I took my son to his preschool graduation, stayed for the picnic at the beginning and then suddenly remembered I had to grocery shop, and took him away before the actual ceremony and concert. The ceremony and concert for which the class had practiced for 4 months. The ceremony and concert for which my son, the one who has massive expressive and receptive language disorder, had learned all the words. To perform. For me.
+Yep. Mm hm. I did that.
+It was a brain hiccup of massive proportions. Somewhere in my pregnant mommy brain, I’d already checked off the Attend Preschool Graduation box, and, despite evidence to the contrary, thought we were done. And so we left.
+When I realized a few hours later what I’d done, well, it was the gasp of horror heard around the world.
+YOU WILL NEVER BELIEVE WHAT I JUST DID, I shouted to the Girlfriends in the phone. IF I DON’T WIN MOTHER OF THE YEAR FOR THIS, I QUIT!, I hollered. And they all agreed – yep; horrific enough for the sure win.
+TOTAL Mombie Moment.
+And as guilty as I felt (pretty darn), their knowing laughter and been-there sympathy was the first step toward forgiving myself.
+Of course, it also helped knowing there had been other epic winners before me. Like the year Leanne took the prize for being so exhausted she slept through picking up her oldest from elementary school. And slept so deeply she didn’t hear the calls from the school. And so her husband had to leave work to get the kid to rush home to find out what was wrong with his wife to open the door to find their toddler cheerfully smearing feces on absolutely every surface of their home – walls, furniture, floors, herself – while his wife slept blissfully on. Heh heh heh. I love Leanne.
+One of my favorite things we do here on the blog is 5 Quick Questions. You don’t know this, but I spend weeks reading and rereading your answers every time we play, because you are smart and funny and wise and inspiring and I learn something profound from each one of you. But I also read and reread for the mamaraderie. Because, oh, friends you so get me.
+You’ll understand, then, why I laughed so loudly when I saw Elena‘s response to this question: But how do you keep your sense of humor during the tough patches of parenting? Elena wrote, “I call my girlfriend. We have an ongoing Mother of the Year award for when we royally screw things up. The other one deems if your screw-up is worthy of the award or if you need to keep trying!”
+EXACTLY.
+The Mother of the Year Award is one of my top strategies for keeping my sense of parenting humor.
+Here are more, based on your awesome comments:
+10 Top Strategies for Keeping Your Sense of Parenting Humor:
+How do you keep laughing when the going gets rough?
+- Institute a Mother of the Year Award – “I call my girlfriend. We have an ongoing Mother of the Year award for when we royally screw things up. The other one deems if your screw-up is worthy of the award or if you need to keep trying!” -Elena of Monkey Bear and Buddy
+- Look for the Story – “My grandmother taught me to look for the story in the situation. When dealing with hard things, I wrote the story to her in a way that would make her laugh. Now that she is gone, I do the same thing, but send it to a friend. In looking for the story to entertain someone else, I begin to see the humor in the midst of the difficulty.” -Dawn
+- Hone Your Sense of Perspective – “I need to do better at this – I can spend hours thinking about my child’s future incarceration or how they will handle homelessness after just the smallest acts of crazy behavior. After I get tired or worrying then I take the time to recognize that most kids are crazy and it is likely that they will be fine and we will all laugh about this later.” -Laura
+“I don’t think I’ve mastered this one yet. But when I am able to keep a sense of humor, it’s because of Persepective. My grandmother used to frequently say “This is not a tragedy.” She was right.” -Audrey
+- When It Is a Tragedy, Fall Apart First – “How do I keep laughing? I haven’t always. When we lost our fourth pregnancy in the second trimester I came unhinged for awhile. My husband would light a fire for me in our fireplace in the morning and then he’d take our son to preschool and go to work. I’d sit in the living room and watch the fire until it burnt out. Then I’d go crawl back into bed. That was my life for a couple weeks. But I came back from there, back to my husband and back to my kid. And we took time and healed and played and eventually I started laughing again. We built up our courage and a task force of specialists and tried again and held our breath for 9 months and had an amazing, perfect, beautiful boy. And I started laughing again. Now we find humor every day in our kids antics and if they’re being too ridiculous to be funny we turn to each other to find something worth smiling about. I guess my point is, you don’t have to keep your sense of humor all the time. You’re human. Shitty things might happen and you might have to fall apart a little bit before you can deal with it. You’ll be ok. Your family will be ok. It gets better.” -WhatsYourDamageHeather
+- Rock Out, Rock On – “Air Guitar and Noise Cancelling headphones turned up full volume!” –Rachael of Life With Twins
+- Keep a List of Likes – “I keep lists of things I like about each person in my family. I challenge myself to add to the list when I am angry with that person. Reminds me of the good things, so I can see and enjoy the small things I miss when I am seething with resentment.” -Rebekah
+- Remember Kids Are Human, Fallible and Perfect, Like Us All – “I’ve taught middle school for 17 years. I was just saying at a parent night recently that you don’t make it that long in middle school unless you think kids are funny. Teaching has also taught me to keep coming back the next day, without holding grudges or negative expectations. Just because a kid screwed up nine times in a row doesn’t make them a screw-up. Kids are still growing and changing.” -Wendy of Linden and Oak
+- Lose Some Control – “Having a sense of humor has shown up a lot more as I’ve let go of a lot of control. I’ve also just learned over time that most things are not as big a deal as they might seem. Stuff is replaceable, scrapes heal, and no one parenting choice alone has ever made a difference by itself. We do some stuff right and some stuff wrong and it’s easier to laugh off the mistakes when you realize that not a single one of them by itself is going to ruin anybody’s life.” -Jessica of This Quirky Family
+- Let It Be Funny Now – “I tell myself that it will be funny in an hour/day/week/year so I might as well see the humor in it now. Sometimes I don’t listen to myself and that’s never as fun.” Kelsey of Baby Kautzi
+- Foster Funny Family-Wide – “The sense of humor requires being surrounded by family and friends who see humor in everything, and being able to laugh at yourself while you teach your kids to do the same.” -Judy
+………
+Anyone need a group of friends to share your Mother of the Year story?
+We are ALL EARS!
+🙂
+Oh I’m terrible about perspective.
+But I am working on taking their daily catastrophes a little more in stride. Lately whining especially has become a thorn in my flesh, and I’m trying not to let it make me quite as crazy. Last week we were on our way somewhere, and one of my kids just wouldn’t stop whining. I turned on Ice Ice Baby at full volume and imagined myself in a movie – with the music as the background for a montage of my own life (think gangsta rap in Office Space) and laughed so hard the whole way there, it totally turned the vibe in the car around. It’s hard to keep whining when your mom won’t quit laughing in the front seat.
+i think the best way of dealing with the craziness of having kids (aside from this fabulous list, seriously, doesn’t get much better than this) is polling friends online for whether they have dealt with similar situations…and they ALWAYS ALWAYS HAVE!!!!!! it helps to remember we are NEVER ALONE, folks! never! our kid is *never* the first one on earth to come up with a crazy tactic/potty problem/school issue/developmental delay/etc, and we are *never* the first mom to epically fail…even if we do come up with, ah, *creative* ways to do so… 🙂 it helps me to take a step back and breathe deeply when i see that other people have lived through this and worse and in fact, i will too, even if i can’t see the end in sight yet. the lady who ran the breastfeeding moms’ group i used to go to with our first used to say, “no matter what they’re doing, whether it’s bad OR good, it will change.” so may as well take a deep breath and just remember, this too shall pass. 🙂 and absolute best thing to remember: you’re never alone!! hugs all around.
+When my youngest daughter was 9, she had what I thought was a stomach virus. She had a belly ache, and since she was the youngest of five and I was a little jaded, I told her to lay down and it would feel better. This went on for about 3 days. On the last day, she crawled into my bedroom at 5:00 a.m. and asked if the Dr’s office was open, and if we could go there as soon as they did open. Finally she had my attention, since this kid hated to go to the doctor’s office. Her appendix had burst. She stayed in the hospital for 2 weeks. After that whenever she had a stomach ache I was able to say, “Just go lay down; it can’t be your appendix.” Mother of the year, that’s me.
+A friend and I used to compete for the “Joan Crawford Golden Wire Hanger award”…
+Whenever we did something regrettable at least we could take a step back, laugh, forgive ourselves and move on!
+all of theses are really great suggestions, I especially can relate to #8. Not that I have arrived at letting go of some of the control, but of wanting to. I know that clinging to the control as parent is not very effective in living a joyful life and experiencing freedom-for everyone in the family, but I just don’t know how to let it go. I’m too scared. I feel like everything is going to be screwed up and it’s going to be all my fault. I can’t seem to escape the guilty feelings that come with meeting my kids needs and meeting my needs. It feels constantly like it’s not going to be “okay” and I desperately want it too. I feel like I’m completely unhinged lately as a mom and I have NO idea what to do. I’m sure I sound like a crazy lady even sharing this on a blog’s comments, but I’m desperate for hope. I don’t know how to feel loved or trust that I am loved and it’s causing me to unravel…sorry for the downer of a comment.
+Say you’re sorry when necessary. Take deep breathes. Tomorrow is another day to try again. It’s just hard sometimes. Big mommy hugs to you.
+April, firstly can I say – big hugs. Don’t be sorry for sharing your situation on here, Beth and her readers are about the best people you could have shared this with, you’ll not find anyone judging you or criticising you here, we’ve all been where you are, many times. I remember thinking before I had my son about all the things I wanted to teach him and hoping I could do a good job of it. What I had no clue about was that I was the one that had so much to learn. Becoming a parent is the hardest thing I have ever done (I say ‘done’ but please don’t think I’m kidding myself that I’m the finished article here, I believe there’s no such thing!) It forces you to really re-examine yourself and your behaviour and that is no easy task. But I’m a real believer in the more it hurts, the more it’s doing you good and it’s not just my second-hand catholic guilt that that’s coming from. I think the more entrenched and deep-rooted the behaviour, the more it hurts to let it go, but boy the better it feels when you start to. Control is such a painful issue because it comes from such a negative place of anxiety, insecurity, self-doubt and lack of self-esteem. Well it does for me anyway! Confronting it for me has meant reviewing a lot of my own childhood and coming to terms with where my desire for perfectionism and need to please has come from and that’s pretty much from my relationship with my own parents. And don’t get me wrong, they were/are great parents, but they’re flawed human beings just like the rest of us, and I don’t blame them but at the same time I don’t want to pass it on, you know? I know I’m going to screw up my kids’ heads one way or another, but at least I can try to not make it the same way my parents did mine – that’s progress of a sort, right? Learning to let go a bit was so hard for me, and I’m learning to recognise when I’m starting to lose it again because the anxiety starts to creep back in and I know it’s time to start taking it easy again. To try and save myself I go into what I call ‘back to basics’ mode. Like I will only do what is basically necessary. We need to eat, so I will do dinners, nothing fancy, just filling. We need clean clothes so I will wash them. Folding maybe, ironing – fuggetaboutit. That’s kind of it. I try to maintain a standard of hygiene in the kitchen and bathroom but if the floor needs vacuuming then, so what? The leaves need sweeping, oh well. The windows are dirty, well close the curtains. In fact, forget the house, let’s go for a walk in the park. My son is only 2, he couldn’t care less if I’ve got make-up on or I’ve brushed my hair, he wants a mummy that can play with him, read him a book or give him a cuddle, he values my time and attention, not my house-keeping skills. When I truly can’t cope any more, I just lie on the floor and let him jump on me and he loves it – and me. And I bet your kid/s are the same. Why bother trying to please the world when you’ve got your own little private fan club right there in your house? Stop trying to be the mother you think you ought to be and give yourself permission to just do what makes you happy for a change – play with your kids, take a walk, look at the sky and just breathe. And know you’re not alone. As Beth would say, we’re all here sitting down in the mud with you. In the dark. Waving. Or something like that. Love and light to you April, you’ll get past this xx
+Thank you Christina. That was a very encouraging note and really hit me where it counts. What you said. “Control is such a painful issue because it comes from such a negative place of anxiety, insecurity, self-doubt and lack of self-esteem.” that. That is where I’m at. I feel way less joyful and such a lack of everything that I feel like a Negative Ninny wherever I go and I couldn’t feel worse or more helpless that I am most likely passing this on to my kids…..
+This whole parenting gig is so overwhelming. I am just hoping I can make it through and learn something along the way and that somehow my kids will be ok even though I don’t feel ok…..that feels pretty impossible at the moment. I hope you’re right that the more it hurts the more it’s doing me (us) good; cause this little dip in the roller coaster really freakin’ hurts! Thanks again for the honest and encouraging words.
+April, I relate to all of this! The Mommy Guilt–been there. The coming apart–been there too. The feeling unloved thing–yep. And I’ve lived through it and I’m on the other side, mostly.
+Give yourself room to learn. You wouldn’t get mad at your baby for not being able to walk at 6 months–that isn’t a reasonable expectation. It’s not always reasonable to expect to know how to handle the current parenting challenge immediately either–sometimes it takes time to figure it out, or time to develop the patience you need. You’ll get there!
+I’ve really struggled with feeling unloved, too. It set up a bad feedback loop in my family: I’m not happy so I make everyone around me unhappy so nobody is showing anybody any love or support. Break the loop: Don’t focus on your need for love. You can enjoy your own efforts at showing love without expecting any return. Smile, even if it’s fake at first, not because you are happy but because you love your family and they feel loved and supported when you are pleasant. Gradually it’ll come true and you’ll start to see their love for you again. I have found so much peace this way! Especially with my husband.
+I hope and pray you will find that hope you need. 🙂
+-Rebekah
+April! I am so afraid to offer advice to anyone because the truth is I could be SO wrong and I just don’t know it- I feel like things change and I learn something new all the time- but I want to reach out to you because I think I hear in your comment the desperation that I have felt and STILL FEEL sometimes.
+I can’t even tell you how many times I’ve woken my husband in the middle of the night because I can’t stop crying. Sometimes I get so afraid of all of the things that might go wrong and all of the things that happen every day that I THINK I just can’t stand any longer and I feel PANICKED and LOST and I just need someone else to be awake with me. I love those kids SO MUCH and they walk around in this world separate from me all day long. It kills me- I can’t control the choices they make (even when they’re standing two feet from me) and I can’t control the way people treat them or what happens to them, and the older they get the worse it’s going to get.
+The thing is, though, I trust them. It seems kind of dumb to say that- just last week I discovered that my 12 year old doesn’t wipe when she pees- but I don’t know, I see something good in them. They betray my trust all the time, and they have consequences for that, but the thing I realized is that the world doesn’t end every time they don’t do what I was hoping they’d do. And they keep growing and they just keep getting better.
+I have wept. I have written letters to strangers over the internet about how I am so much less than I ever thought I was going to be as a mother- as a person! But I have decided that the best thing I can do for my children is love myself, because I truly believe that they are going to watch how I treat myself and there’s a good chance that’s how they’ll treat themselves when they grow up. My children are never going to be perfect either, and I hope they don’t beat themselves up for it.
+It is HARD. Believe me, I can’t do it all the time. But I’ve found things that make me feel good and people that make me feel better. I read blogs like this, including the comments, because they remind me that I am not alone. I’ll occasionally boycott Facebook and pinterest, and even sitcoms about families sometimes- because if I’m in a sensitive place they make me feel inferior or inadequate.
+If you really feel unhinged right now, if you feel broken or desperate, I have been there- and from what I’ve read, I think most of us have. I want you to know that I think you are AMAZING. That might not be meaningful to you because I don’t really even know you, but the thing is that I really truly believe it- I believe it because you are HERE. You are sharing and being vulnerable and that is BRAVE.
+I don’t know if I can give you hope, but I can hope for you. I hope you have people in your life that build you up and make you feel loved. I hope you do things for yourself that make you feel accomplished and proud. I hope you sit in your home at night, after your children are asleep, and you say to yourself “right now, in this moment, everybody is ok, and I am grateful for that.” I hope you can let go of fear, at least some of it, at least some of the time, so you can relax. I hope you realize that you don’t have to make everything perfect for everyone for their entire lives- but every good day you have together is a day no one can ever take away from any of you.
+My goodness Jessica, Rachel and Rebekah, I can’t even tell you how right on you were with your input. Just, all of it. It so articulates how I feel, how I continue to loop back around and feel again and again (sometimes hormones contribute the whole nasty thing and sometimes not). I have also boycotted facebook and pinterest and shut off anything that is making me feel the need to compare myself. I know who I want to be and I keep trying, but I HATE so much messing it up; falling short or making a mistake. I feel like such a fraud when I say the “right” things to my kids, but I am no where near truly believing them for myself. But I really liked what Rebekah and Rachel said; just choosing to be kind and even making loving choices even when it’s freakin’ tough and the feelings are not there, just doing that much to start putting one foot in front of the other might help me reach the opening of this crater I find myself in just a little sooner. Love and kindness is waaaay tougher than I ever realized, that makes me feel very ignorant.
+Rachel, I also have 3 kids in 3 years and my oldest is 4 right now! I never knew that parenting gets harder as they get older, but it really does. All of mine are crazy! Seemingly melting or complaining or some other not awesome thing happening and I have NO clue what I’m doing to manage all of the emotion and attitudes and everything. I was under the impression, you help them master something once, like manners, and then there good to go for, ya know, life. Guess not.
+Honestly, I don’t really care about the house looking good or even if the kids have clothes that match or whatever, although that can sometimes be hard to get passed the feelings of judgement, it’s the heart issue stuff that is so important and scary and unknown and seems kinda out of my control…..
+I am so so grateful that there are others out there who feel the same out of control feeling as I do. Thank you fellow mamas; I gonna choose to receive the hope and hugs 🙂 And thanks Beth for being so nice and non-judgey about people here or elsewhere. All signs point to you being a quality individual and I am thankful!
+Oh, April, don’t feel bad about sharing your struggle! I’m pretty sure you couldn’t find a better group of people to listen and say “Oh my GOSH, do I ever know what you mean!” I certainly do.
+I don’t have any really sage advice, but I will suggest one thing that sometimes helps my perspective: talk to yourself like a friend. If a good girlfriend came to you and told you she was feeling all the things you were saying in your comment above, what would you say to her? I’m betting it would be something supportive and encouraging. We’d never tell a friend that she’s failing and her kids are doomed–so why do we say it to ourselves? Give yourself the same love you would give to a friend.
+And hang in there. You’re SO not alone on this rough road.
+Everyone else’s comments are great and spot on! As someone who has struggled with major control issues (which seem to naturally result in trust problems) reading everyone’s comments were a good reminder to me. I have 6 kids ranging from 2-17 and have been learning to let go out of necessity. (learning – no where close to mastering) One thing I have found that has helped is not only lowering my house-keeping expectations, but to include the kids in it. For example, if I don’t care that the laundry is perfectly folded, then it doesn’t matter that the 3-year old folded the pants while I folded shirts. (actually now my kids do their own laundry because I got tired of folding all the laundry. It only worked because they have been helping me with laundry for years.) I have front loading machines and the 2-year old thinks it is a game to move stuff from the washer to the dryer – so I let him while I’m working on another task nearby. He thinks he’s big stuff, which makes me feel good too. (I never asked him to do this – he saw his brother do it, so he had to do it too). Recently I was frosting a cake for a birthday party, a job that has always been mine. One of the girls asked if she could help. Here came the growth for me – I took a deep breath and handed her a spatula. After all, we were going to destroy/eat it in a few hours, so did it have to be “perfect?” Gave a huge boost to her 12-year-old ego (hard to do). Next thing I know, the birthday boy is in and finishes the decorating (adding candies, etc to turn it into a castle). What is normally a 2-hour back breaking job for me turned into a 1-hour family event that was fun for everyone. And the cake – one of the best we have ever had – because I took the brave step to trust the kids and let go. None of these were planned (the point is letting go of control). It is looking for LITTLE opportunities, reminding yourself to ask “what is the point”, and let go. Sometimes it works, sometimes it doesn’t. But when it does – oh it is so worth it and makes it a little easier to try the next time.
+Christine-that totally happened to my first grader just last week! And I felt so bad for him but also like I failed as a parent because he didn’t feel safe enough to go tell the teacher. Then, he did it at church that night and didn’t tell anyone there either!
+Oh I need that today. My first grader has trouble with poop sometimes. Today he pooped his pants. And didn’t tell anyone after. And it was the second time this school year.
+I can’t laugh about it – I’m having a hard enough time not crying. Why does my kid’s failure feel like I failed?
+Christine, I’d like to send you a big dose of empathy and a hug – my little boy, who’s in his first year of school (aged 5) has pooed in his pants most weeks since starting school in September. And do you know what? Neither of us has failed. This is just one milestone which hasn’t quite happened yet for our precious little ones, and you’re not on your own. Wish we could have a cup of tea and a laugh together! Sending love to you xo
+thursday, april 28
+thursday, april 28
+out lady's haven: Lobster Roll Dine-out; April 28, 4:30-6; $12; lobster roll, french fries, cole slaw, dessert & beverage; advance tix.; 71 Center St., Fairhaven; (508) 999-4561.
+easter luncheon: St Mary's Golden Agers; April 28, noon; meetings, Thurs., 1 p.m.; new members welcome; (508) 993-0350.; Pitch, 12:30-3:30; Tai-Chi, 10:30 a.m.; Computer training by appt.; Walking, 12:30-1; 1 p.m., Duck Pin Bowling, Mattapoisett; 1 p.m., Tues. & Thurs., Strength & Balance; Nancy's Trips, April 30, Daffodil Days on Nantucket; May 26, Newport Dinner Train & Tour of Rosecliff Mansion; June, The Hamptons & Montauk Point, Long Island.
+sea shell steppers: monthly square/round dances; Acushnet COA, 59 1/2 S. Main St.; (508) 998-1860 or (508) 947-9602.
+friday, april 29
+spring concert: April 29 & 30, 8 p.m.; Sippican Choral Society; St. Gabriel's Episcopal Church, 124 Front St., Marion; $12/adults; $6/students;.
+line dancing: w/Laura, 1-3; Fri.; beg., 1-2 & adv., 2-3; (508) 991-6170; Buttonwood Senior Ctr., 1 Oneida St., New Bedford..
+big kid storytime: Millicent Library; 9508) 993-5342 or jmurphy@sailsinc.org.; Fri., 10-11 a.m., ages 3-5; Baby Storytime, Fri., 11:15-11:45, 0-18 months.
+indoor monkey business: Fri., 1-4 p.m.; Buttonwood Park, 425 Hawthorn St., New Bedford; (508) 991-4556.
+saturday, april 30
+kook kids: summer vacation reg.; April 30 & May 1, 8-2; children entering 1st grade to age 12; Fhvn. Rec.; (508) 993-9269.
+april in portugal: Holy Family-Holy Name School, evening of culture, comedy & cuisine; April 30, 8-11:30 p.m.; Cafe Funchal, Nash Rd., New Bedford; $30; checks to HFHN School, 91 Summer St., New Bedford, 02740 or call (508) 993-3547.
+yard sale: April 30, 8:30-2; Humane Society & Shelter Southcoast, 31 Ventura Dr., Dartmouth; no early birds; Shelter benefit.
+soul food kitchen: 11:30-4, Sat. & Sun.; take-out orders, (508) 999-3682; United House of Prayer for all People, 419 Kempton St., use Mill St. entrance, New Bedford.
+the skipper bar: Seaport Inn & Marina; Karaoke, 9 p.m., Sat.; (508) 999-1112; 110 Middle St., Fhvn.
+yoga flow class: Sat., 9-10:30 a.m., Anjali Yoga & Wellness, One Johnny Cake Hill, NB; (058) 212-6521 or info@anjaliyogaandwellness.com.
+sunday, may 1
+spring buffet breakfast: St. Mary's Parish; May 1; tickets on sale through April 17 after weekend Masses & at the Rectory Office during business hours; $6/adults; $3/ages 5-10; free/children under 5; (508) 992-7300 or StMarysfairhaven@comcast.net or visit; no handicap accessibility into Church Hall.
+Meditations for Kids: Sun., 9:30-10:30; ages 5—12; adult/accompany children; Serlingpa Meditation Ctr., 512 Pleasant St., New Bedford; $4/per child; (508) 979-8277; Also, Prayers for World Peace, 11-12:30; $10/per class;..
+monday, may 2
+Fhvn. COA: (508) 979-4029; 8:45 a.m., Osteo.
+yoga w/laura: Mon. & Thurs., 6 p.m. & Sat. 8:30 a.m.; Artisana, 215 Onset Ave., Onset; (508) 291-2726 or artisana1@verizon.net.
+express workouts: 12-12:30 p.m., Mon, Wed. & Fri., Gleason Family YMCA; $7/class; members free; no pre-reg. .
+toe jam puppet band: Every Mon., 10:30-12:30; zoo admission + $5/family; Buttwonwood Park Zoo, 425 Hawthorn St., New Bedford;.
+tuesday, may 3
+Kris Kristofferson: May 3, 8 p.m., $58, $46.50, $40; Zeiterion, 684 Purchase St., New Bedford; (508) 994-2900.
+Line/Couples Dance Lessons: Tues., VFW Poirier Post 281, Appleton St., New Bedford; Beg., 6:30-7 p.m.; Int. 7-8 p.m.; Couples, 8-9 p.m.; $8/pp; 774-202-5543.
+bear cub club: Tues. 10:30-noon; members $65/child, $30/second child; non-members $95/child $45/second child; 2-3 year olds & parent; (508) 991-6178 Ext. 31; Buttonwood Park, 425 Hawthorn St., New Bedford;.
+parent support grp: 7-8:30 p.m., Tues., Family Resource & Dev. Ctr., 105 William St., New Bedford; (508) 446-3973;.
+blood pressure: & health counseling; Community Nurse & Hospice Care, 2-3 p.m., Tues., Fhvn. Town Hall, 40 Centre St.; 9 a.m., 1st Tues., Oxford Ter., Fhvn.; 10 a.m., 1st. Tues., McGann Housing, Fhvn.; 10:30-11:30 a.m., 1st/3rd Wed., Fhvn. COA; 9-10 a.m., Wed. Acushnet COA.; Toddler Grp. I, 9:30-10:15 & Toddler Grp. II, 10:30-11:15, may 4.
+YMCA knitting grp: Gleason Family YMCA; Wed., 1 p.m.; articles donated to Turning Point; (508) 295-1128.
+Fhvn. COA: (508) 979-4029; 8:45 a.m., Osteo class, must reg.; 12:30 p.m. pitch; 10:30-11:30 Blood Pressure, 1st & 3rd Wed.; Caregivers Support/Education, 1st Wed., 1-2, free on-site respite; Cops & Donuts, 2nd Wed., 10:15 a.m.; zumba gold, 11:30-12:30..
+Crafternoon: ages 3 & up; 3-5 p.m., Wed., youth room; Millicent Library, 45 Center St., Fairhaven; (508) 992-5342;; (508) 992-5342.
+thursday, may 5
+Zumba-a-thon: Gleason YMCA; (508) 295-9622 ext. 19; lbrito@ymcasouthcoast.org; May 5, 7-8:30 p.m.; $5/members; $10/non-memers.
+friday, may 6
+lobster roll sale: May 6, St. Paul's United Meth. Church, corner of Rockdale & Kempton, New Bedford; $9.95; order of 6 or more rolls will be delivery; others are picked up by 2 p.m. at the church; (508) 993-1541 (a.m.); (508) 993-8037 (p.m.); fax, (508) 993-0614 anytime.
+self defense/awareness: 6 week session, ages 11-adult; $125/Rec. Members; $150/non-members; Fri., 5-6:30 p.m.; May 6-June 10; Fhvn. Recreation.
+saturday, may 7
+mattapoisett bluegrass concert: to benefit Heifer Int.; May 7, 7 p.m., Mattapoisett Cong. Church, 27 Church St.; $10, $5/students & $25/families; (508) 758-2671; (508) 748-0180.
+spring on the farm: 1-3:30 p.m.; free w/zoo adm.; plant seeds, visit animals & learn about life on the farm w/crafts & activities; Buttonwood Park, 425 Hawthorn St., New Bedford; (508) 991-4556.
+magnolia: Cajun Music & Dance; May 7, dance lessons, 7:30 p.m.; dancing, 8 p.m.; singles welcome; cash bar; German Club, 78 Carter Ave.; Pawtucket, RI; $14/at door; 401-383-133; (508) 636-3867;.
+sunday, may 8
+mother's day at the zoo: May 8, all day; mothers free w/paying child; Buttonwood Park, 425 Hawthorn St., New Bedford; (508) 991-4556.
+thursday, may 12
+parkinson's support: Grp. Mtg., May 12, 1 p.m., Dartmouth COA, 628 Dartmouth St.; Gloria Clark, O.T. - "Safety in the Garden"; Yoga w/Joan Davignon, 3 p.m.
+saturday, may 14
+cat/kitten adoption: Habitat for Cats, 1322 Ashley Blvd., New Bedford; May 14 & 28, 12-3 p.m.; $100/adult cats; $120/five months & younger; (508) 961-2287 for information;.
+garden fair: Westport River Gardeners, May 14, 9-1, Macomber Friends Meeting House,930 Main Rd, Westport; large plant sale, raffles & garden related vendors.
+5K Road Race: Gleason Family YMCA, May 14, 10 a.m.; runners/walkers, leave Onset Pier/race through Onset Village; register before April 15, $20/adult; $15/children under 12; after April 15, $22/adults; $17/children; or (508) 295-9622.
+spaghetti dinner: Fundraiser; Supports Humane Society & Shelter Southcoast; May 14, 5:30-7:30 p.m. at The Grace Episcopal Church, Rodman Hall, 133 School St., New Bedford; $10; (508) 995-6661 or at 31 Ventura Dr., Dart.
+Sunday, may 15
+royalty & roses: GNB Choral Society Spring Concert; May 15, 7:30 p.m.; Grace Episcopal Church, County St., New Bedford; $15; $10/12 & under;; (508) 644-2419.
+Blessing of the bikes: St. Joseph's School; May 15, rain date, May 22; sign up 10 a.m. -noon, runs leaves noon; Fort Phoenix; $15/per bike; 2 hrs, ending at Ice Chest Bar & Grille, Fhvn.; music by The Relics & Todd's Day Off; outside cash bar; $5/ biker BBQ; raffles; Jewelry by Vickie & Minuteman HD; (508) 996-1983 or (508) 992-BEER.
+wednesday, may 18
+red cross blood drive: May 18, 2:30-7:30; Fhvn. COA, 229 Huttleston Ave.; 1-800-RED-CROSS.
+friday, may 20
+endangered species day: All day, May 20, free w/zoo adm.; self-lead stroll around zoo; Buttonwood Park, 425 Hawthorn St., New Bedford; (508) 991-4556.
+Tuesday, May 24
+History of: the Cape Verdean/Brava Packet Trade: Annual Sailors' Series, NB Whaling Museum, 18 Johnny Cake Hill, New Bedford; May 24, 7:30 p.m.; $50/members, $75/non-members, all four lectures; $15/members, $20/non-members, individual lectures; (508) 997-0046 ext. 100.
+zeiterion: May 24, 7:30 p.m., David Crosby & Graham Nash;; (508) 994-2900; 684 Purchase St., New Bedford.
+thursday, may 26
+edible perennial: Gardening & Landscaping, power point presentation; Westport Library, 408 Old County Rd.; 6:30 p.m., May 26.
+red cross blood drive: May 26, 12-5; Wonder Bowl, 66 Hathaway Rd., New Bedford; 1-800-RED-CROSS.
+out lady's haven: fundraising event: Lobster Roll Dine-out; May 26, 4:30-6; $12; Inc. lobster roll, french fries, cole slaw, dessert & beverage; tickets in advance; 71 Center St., Fairhaven; (508) 999-4561.
+saturday, may 28
+military service: Appreciation Weekend; May 28-30; Memorial Day Weekend all active duty, retired & reserve military personnel & dependants; show proof of service; free zoo adm.; Buttonwood Park, 425 Hawthorn St., New Bedford; (508) 991-4556.
+saturday, june 4
+out lady's haven: fundraising event: Plant Sale, June 4, 1 p.m.; 71 Center St., Fairhaven; (508) 999-4561.
+thursday, june 30
+out lady's haven: fundraising event: Lobster Roll Dine-out; June 30, 4:30-6; $12; Inc. lobster roll, french fries, cole slaw, dessert & beverage; tickets in advance; 71 Center St., Fairhaven; (508) 999-4561.
+thursday, july 28
+out lady's haven: fundraising event: Lobster Roll Dine-out; July 28, 4:30-6; $12; Inc. lobster roll, french fries, cole slaw, dessert & beverage; tickets in advance; 71 Center St., Fairhaven; (508) 999-4561.
+thursday, august 25
+out lady's haven: fundraising event: Lobster Roll Dine-out; Aug. 25, 4:30-6; $12; Inc. lobster roll, french fries, cole slaw, dessert & beverage; tickets in advance; 71 Center St., Fairhaven; (508) 999-4561.
+thursday, september 29
+out lady's haven: fundraising event: Lobster Roll Dine-out; Sept. 29, 4:30-6; $12; Inc. lobster roll, french fries, cole slaw, dessert & beverage; tickets in advance; 71 Center St., Fairhaven; (508) 999-4561.
+monday, october 31
+out lady's haven: fundraising event: Pumpkin Display & Malassada Sale, Oct. 31, 9-3; 71 Center St., Fairhaven; (508) 999-4561.
+saturday, november 29
+out lady's haven: fundraising event: Holiday Craft & Book Sale, Nov. 19, 10-3; 71 Center St., Fairhaven; (508) 999-4561.
+tuesday, november 22
+out lady's haven: fundraising event: Harvest Bake Sale, Nov. 22, 8 a.m.; 71 Center St., Fairhaven; (508) 999-4561.
+Supreme Court Judgments
+Subscribe
+11/08/1967 MITTER, G.K.
+MITTER, G.K.
+WANCHOO, K.N. (CJ)
+CITATION: 1968 AIR 224
+CITATOR INFO:
+RF 1970 SC1421 (14) E 1973 SC 883 (19) R 1986
+SC 125 (7)
+ACT:
+Industrial Disputes Act (14 of 1947), s.
+17(1)--Publication of the award within 30 days of its receipt--If mandatory.
+HEADNOTE:
+Section 17(1) of the Industrial, Disputes
+Act, 1947, makes it obligatory on the appropriate Government to publish the
+award received by it from the Industrial Tribunal; but, the provision in the
+section as to time, that the Government shall publish it within a period of
+thirty days from the date of its receipt, is merely directory and not
+mandatory.
+Therefore, where the Government received the
+award on 14th October 1966 and published it in the Gazette on the 15th November
+1966, the award did not cease to be enforceable.
+[166F-G] Observations in The Sirsilk Ltd. v.
+Government of Andhra Pradesh, [1964] 2 S.C.R. 448, 452, explained.
+The State of Uttar Pradesh & Others v.
+Babu Ram Upadhya, [1961] 2 S.C.R. 679, 710, followed.
+Erumeli Estate V. Industrial Tribunal, [1962]
+II L.L.J. 144, referred to.
+CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION: Civil Appeal
+No. 548 of 1967.
+Appeal by special leave from the award dated
+October 5, 1966 ,of the Industrial Tribunal, Alleppey in Industrial Dispute No.
+9 ,of 1965.
+H. R. Gokhale and D. N. Gupta, for the
+appellant.
+M. K. Ramamurthi, Shyamala Pappu, Vineet
+Kumar and R. Nagaratnam, for the respondents.
+The Judgment of the Court was delivered by
+Mitter, J.-This appeal by the Remington Rand of India Ltd.
+:against their workmen arises out of an award
+dated 5th October, 1965 made by the Industrial Tribunal, Alleppey published in
+the Kerala Gazette dated 15th November, 1966.
+The first point taken against this award is
+that it cannot be given effect to as it was published beyond the period fixed
+in the Act. The notification accompanying the gazette publication stated that
+Government had received the award on 14th October, 1966. It was argued by Mr.
+Gokbale that in terms of s. 17(1) of the Industrial Disputes Act the award bad
+to be published " within a period of thirty days from the date of its receipt
+by the appropriate Government".
+According to learned counsel, the award
+having reached Government on 14th October, 1966 it should have been published
+at the latest on 12th November, 1966 as s. 17 of the Act was mandatory. Our
+attention was also drawn to 165 sub-s. (2) of s. 17 according to which it is
+only the award published under sub-s. (1) of s. 17 that is final and cannot be
+called in question by any court in any manner. We were also referred to s. 17-A
+and s. 19. Under sub-s. (1) of s. 17-A an award becomes enforceable on the
+expiry of thirty days from the date of its publication under s. 17 and under
+sub-s. (3) of s. 19 an award is to remain in operation for a period of one year
+from the date on which the award becomes enforceable under s. 17-A. From all
+these provisions it was argued that the limits of time mentioned in the
+sections were mandatory and not directory and if an award was published beyond
+the period of thirty days, in contravention of s. 17(1) it could not be given
+effect to. To fortify his argument, learned counsel relied on certain
+observations of this Court in The Sirsilk Ltd. v. Government of Andhra
+Pradesh.(1) In that case, there was an order referring certain disputes between
+the appellant and its workmen to the Industrial Tribunal, Andhra Pradesh. The
+Tribunal sent its award to Government in September 1957. Before the Government
+could publish the award, the parties to the dispute came to a, settlement and
+on 1st October, 1957 a letter was written to the Government jointly on behalf of
+the employer and the employees intimating that the dispute which had been
+pending before the Tribunal had been settled and a, request was made to
+Government not to publish the award. Government expressed its inability to
+withhold the publication taking the view that s. 17 of the Act was mandatory.
+The appellants filed writ petitions before the High Court of Andhra Pradesh
+under Art. 226 of the Constitution praying that Government might be directed
+not to publish the award sent to it by the Industrial Tribunal.
+The High Court held that s. 17 was mandatory
+and it was not open to Government to withhold publication. The contention on
+behalf of the appellants was that s. 17 providing for the publication of the
+award was directory and not mandatory.
+Mr. Gokhale relied on the passage at page 452
+of the judgment reading:
+"It is clear therefore, reading s. 17
+and s. 17-A together, that the intention behind s. 17(1) is that a duty is cast
+on Government to publish the award within thirty days of its receipt and the
+provision for its publication is mandatory and not merely directory".
+Ultimately, however, on a conspectus of ss. 17,
+17-A, 18 and 19, it was observed that- "though s. 17(1) is mandatory and
+the Government is bound to publish the award received by it from an industrial
+tribunal, the situation arising in a case like the present is of an exceptional
+nature and requires a reconciliation between s. 18(1) and s. 18(3), and in such
+a situation, the only way to reconcile the two provisions is to withhold the
+publication of the award, as a binding settlement has. already come into
+force........" (1) [1964] 2 S.C.R. 448, 452 166 Reference was also made to
+the case of Erumeli Estate v. Industrial Tribunal (1). There the question
+directly arose as to whether non-publication of the period mentioned in S. 17
+(1)invalidated the award and the learned Judge observed that he was not
+inclined to accept that contention although it was highly desirable that the
+award should be published within the time mentioned. He said:
+"Exception in that a slight delay in
+publishing the award under S. 17(1) results in postponing its finality under S.
+17 (2) or its becoming enforceable under S. 17-A, no other consequence flows
+from the delay and therefore, in my view the provisions of sub-s (1) of s 17
+should be considered only to be merely directory..........." Mr. Gokhale
+also referred us to the case of the State of Uttar Pradesh & Others v. Babu
+Ram Upadhya(2) where there is an elaborate discussion as to whether the use of
+the word "shall" in A Statute made the provision mandatory. It was
+observed by Subba Rao, J. (as he then was) speaking for the majority of the
+Court that:
+compliance with the provisions is or is not visited by
+some penalty, the serious or trivial consequences that flow there from, and,
+above all, whether the object of the legislation will be defeated or
+furthered." Keeping the above principles in mind, we cannot but hold that
+a provision as to time in s. 17(1). It is not difficult to think of circumstances when the publication of
+the award within thirty days may not be possible. For instance, there may be a
+strike in the press or there may be any other good and sufficient cause by
