---
license: other
license_name: wikipedia-license
license_link: LICENSE
language:
- en
task_categories:
- question-answering
- summarization
- text-generation
- text2text-generation
---
# Dataset Card for en_wikipedia_001
The en_wikipedia_001 dataset is a collection of crawled paragraph text from Wikipedia on the 28th of April, 2024. It contains high-quality text, stored in a .txt document, available to be used to finetune or train AI models based that the license is followed.
## Dataset Details
The dataset was crawled using our web crawler on the 28th of April at an average of 1 page per second as to respect robots.txt rules. Strict licensing must be followed - there are more details below.
- **Curated by:** Oscar Wang
- **Language(s) (NLP):** English
- **License:** Wikipedia License (more details below)
## Uses
The intended use of this dataset is to train or finetune AI models for more knowledge and quality in it's responses.
## Dataset Structure
The dataset is a single .parquet file which has stored all of our crawled content.
[More Information Needed]
### Source Data
The source data are articles in Wikipedia. You can refer to the bottom of this dataset card to see which URLs were crawled.
## Bias, Risks, and Limitations
This dataset may contain Bias, Risks and Limitations. We take no responsibility over any issues this may cause. You are also using this dataset at your own risk.
## License
This dataset is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License and, unless otherwise noted, the GNU Free Documentation License.
### Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License:
Creative Commons Legal Code
Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International
CREATIVE COMMONS CORPORATION IS NOT A LAW FIRM AND DOES NOT PROVIDE LEGAL SERVICES. DISTRIBUTION OF THIS LICENSE DOES NOT CREATE AN ATTORNEY-CLIENT RELATIONSHIP. CREATIVE COMMONS PROVIDES THIS INFORMATION ON AN "AS-IS" BASIS. CREATIVE COMMONS MAKES NO WARRANTIES REGARDING THE INFORMATION PROVIDED, AND DISCLAIMS LIABILITY FOR DAMAGES RESULTING FROM ITS USE.
License
THE WORK (AS DEFINED BELOW) IS PROVIDED UNDER THE TERMS OF THIS CREATIVE COMMONS PUBLIC LICENSE ("CCPL" OR "LICENSE"). THE WORK IS PROTECTED BY COPYRIGHT AND/OR OTHER APPLICABLE LAW. ANY USE OF THE WORK OTHER THAN AS AUTHORIZED UNDER THIS LICENSE OR COPYRIGHT LAW IS PROHIBITED.
BY EXERCISING ANY RIGHTS TO THE WORK PROVIDED HERE, YOU ACCEPT AND AGREE TO BE BOUND BY THE TERMS OF THIS LICENSE. TO THE EXTENT THIS LICENSE MAY BE CONSIDERED TO BE A CONTRACT, THE LICENSOR GRANTS YOU THE RIGHTS CONTAINED HERE IN CONSIDERATION OF YOUR ACCEPTANCE OF SUCH TERMS AND CONDITIONS.
1. Definitions
a. "Adaptation" means a work based upon the Work, or upon the Work and other pre-existing works, such as a translation, adaptation, derivative work, arrangement of music or other alterations of a literary or artistic work, or phonogram or performance and includes cinematographic adaptations or any other form in which the Work may be recast, transformed, or adapted including in any form recognizably derived from the original, except that a work that constitutes a Collection will not be considered an Adaptation for the purpose of this License. For the avoidance of doubt, where the Work is a musical work, performance or phonogram, the synchronization of the Work in timed-relation with a moving image ("synching") will be considered an Adaptation for the purpose of this License.
b. "Collection" means a collection of literary or artistic works, such as encyclopedias and anthologies, or performances, phonograms or broadcasts, or other works or subject matter other than works listed in Section 1(f) below, which, by reason of the selection and arrangement of their contents, constitute intellectual creations, in which the Work is included in its entirety in unmodified form along with one or more other contributions, each constituting separate and independent works in themselves, which together are assembled into a collective whole. A work that constitutes a Collection will not be considered an Adaptation (as defined above) for the purposes of this License.
c. "Distribute" means to make available to the public the original and copies of the Work or Adaptation, as appropriate, through sale or other transfer of ownership.
d. "Licensor" means the individual, individuals, entity or entities that offer(s) the Work under the terms of this License.
e. "Original Author" means, in the case of a literary or artistic work, the individual, individuals, entity or entities who created the Work or if no individual or entity can be identified, the publisher; and in addition (i) in the case of a performance the actors, singers, musicians, dancers, and other persons who act, sing, deliver, declaim, play in, interpret or otherwise perform literary or artistic works or expressions of folklore; (ii) in the case of a phonogram the producer being the person or legal entity who first fixes the sounds of a performance or other sounds; and, (iii) in the case of broadcasts, the organization that transmits the broadcast.
f. "Work" means the literary and/or artistic work offered under the terms of this License including without limitation any production in the literary, scientific and artistic domain, whatever may be the mode or form of its expression including digital form, such as a book, pamphlet and other writing; a lecture, address, sermon or other work of the same nature; a dramatic or dramatico-musical work; a choreographic work or entertainment in dumb show; a musical composition with or without words; a cinematographic work to which are assimilated works expressed by a process analogous to cinematography; a work of drawing, painting, architecture, sculpture, engraving or lithography; a photographic work to which are assimilated works expressed by a process analogous to photography; a work of applied art; an illustration, map, plan, sketch or three-dimensional work relative to geography, topography, architecture or science; a performance; a broadcast; a phonogram; a compilation of data to the extent it is protected as a copyrightable work; or a work performed by a variety or circus performer to the extent it is not otherwise considered a literary or artistic work.
g. "Publicly Perform" means to perform public recitations of the Work and to communicate to the public those public recitations, by any means or process, including by wire or wireless means or public digital performances; to make available to the public Works in such a way that members of the public may access these Works from a place and at a place individually chosen by them; to perform the Work to the public by any means or process and the communication to the public of the performances of the Work, including by public digital performance; to broadcast and rebroadcast the Work by any means including signs, sounds or images.
h. "Reproduce" means to make copies of the Work by any means including without limitation by sound or visual recordings and the right of fixation and reproducing fixations of the Work, including storage of a protected performance or phonogram in digital form or other electronic medium.
2. Fair Dealing Rights. Nothing in this License is intended to reduce, limit, or restrict any uses free from copyright or rights arising from limitations or exceptions that are provided for in connection with the copyright protection under copyright law or other applicable laws.
3. License Grant. Subject to the terms and conditions of this License, Licensor hereby grants You a worldwide, royalty-free, non-exclusive, perpetual (for the duration of the applicable copyright) license to exercise the rights in the Work as stated below:
a. to Reproduce the Work, to incorporate the Work into one or more Collections, and to Reproduce the Work as incorporated in the Collections;
b. to create and Reproduce Adaptations provided that any such Adaptation, including any translation in any medium, takes reasonable steps to clearly label, demarcate or otherwise identify that changes were made to the original Work. For example, a translation could be marked "The original work was translated from English to Spanish," or a modification could indicate "The original work has been modified.";
c. to Distribute and Publicly Perform the Work including as incorporated in Collections; and,
d. to Distribute and Publicly Perform Adaptations.
### GNU Free Documentation License:
GNU Free Documentation License
Version 1.3, 3 November 2008
Copyright © 2000, 2001, 2002, 2007, 2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
0. PREAMBLE
The purpose of this License is to make a manual, textbook, or other functional and useful document "free" in the sense of freedom: to assure everyone the effective freedom to copy and redistribute it, with or without modifying it, either commercially or noncommercially. Secondarily, this License preserves for the author and publisher a way to get credit for their work, while not being considered responsible for modifications made by others.
This License is a kind of "copyleft", which means that derivative works of the document must themselves be free in the same sense. It complements the GNU General Public License, which is a copyleft license designed for free software.
We have designed this License to use it for manuals for free software, because free software needs free documentation: a free program should come with manuals providing the same freedoms that the software does. But this License is not limited to software manuals; it can be used for any textual work, regardless of subject matter or whether it is published as a printed book. We recommend this License principally for works whose purpose is instruction or reference.
1. APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS
This License applies to any manual or other work, in any medium, that contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it can be distributed under the terms of this License. Such a notice grants a world-wide, royalty-free license, unlimited in duration, to use that work under the conditions stated herein. The "Document", below, refers to any such manual or work. Any member of the public is a licensee, and is addressed as "you". You accept the license if you copy, modify or distribute the work in a way requiring permission under copyright law.
A "Modified Version" of the Document means any work containing the Document or a portion of it, either copied verbatim, or with modifications and/or translated into another language.
A "Secondary Section" is a named appendix or a front-matter section of the Document that deals exclusively with the relationship of the publishers or authors of the Document to the Document's overall subject (or to related matters) and contains nothing that could fall directly within that overall subject. (Thus, if the Document is in part a textbook of mathematics, a Secondary Section may not explain any mathematics.) The relationship could be a matter of historical connection with the subject or with related matters, or of legal, commercial, philosophical, ethical, or political position regarding them.
The "Invariant Sections" are certain Secondary Sections whose titles are designated, as being those of Invariant Sections, in the notice that says that the Document is released under this License. If a section does not fit the above definition of Secondary then it is not allowed to be designated as Invariant. The Document may contain zero Invariant Sections. If the Document does not identify any Invariant Sections then there are none.
The "Cover Texts" are certain short passages of text that are listed, as Front-Cover Texts or Back-Cover Texts, in the notice that says that the Document is released under this License. A Front-Cover Text may be at most 5 words, and a Back-Cover Text may be at most 25 words.
A "Transparent" copy of the Document means a machine-readable copy, represented in a format whose specification is available to the general public, that is suitable for revising the document straightforwardly with generic text editors or (for images composed of pixels) generic paint programs or (for drawings) some widely available drawing editor, and that is suitable for input to text formatters or for automatic translation to a variety of formats suitable for input to text formatters. A copy made in an otherwise Transparent file format whose markup, or absence of markup, has been arranged to thwart or discourage subsequent modification by readers is not Transparent. An image format is not Transparent if used for any substantial amount of text. A copy that is not "Transparent" is called "Opaque".
Examples of suitable formats for Transparent copies include plain ASCII without markup, Texinfo input format, LaTeX input format, SGML or XML using a publicly available DTD, and standard-conforming simple HTML, PostScript or PDF designed for human modification. Examples of transparent image formats include PNG, XCF and JPG. Opaque formats include proprietary formats that can be read and edited only by proprietary word processors, SGML or XML for which the DTD and/or processing tools are not generally available, and the machine-generated HTML, PostScript or PDF produced by some word processors for output purposes only.
The "Title Page" means, for a printed book, the title page itself, plus such following pages as are needed to hold, legibly, the material this License requires to appear in the title page. For works in formats which do not have any title page as such, "Title Page" means the text near the most prominent appearance of the work's title, preceding the beginning of the body of the text.
The "publisher" means any person or entity that distributes copies of the Document to the public.
A section "Entitled XYZ" means a named subunit of the Document whose title either is precisely XYZ or contains XYZ in parentheses following text that translates XYZ in another language. (Here XYZ stands for a specific section name mentioned below, such as "Acknowledgements", "Dedications", "Endorsements", or "History".) To "Preserve the Title" of such a section when you modify the Document means that it remains a section "Entitled XYZ" according to this definition.
The Document may include Warranty Disclaimers next to the notice which states that this License applies to the Document. These Warranty Disclaimers are considered to be included by reference in this License, but only as regards disclaiming warranties: any other implication that these Warranty Disclaimers may have is void and has no effect on the meaning of this License.
2. VERBATIM COPYING
You may copy and distribute the Document in any medium, either commercially or noncommercially, provided that this License, the copyright notices, and the license notice saying this License applies to the Document are reproduced in all copies, and that you add no other conditions whatsoever to those of this License. You may not use technical measures to obstruct or control the reading or further copying of the copies you make or distribute. However, you may accept compensation in exchange for copies. If you distribute a large enough number of copies you must also follow the conditions in section 3.
You may also lend copies, under the same conditions stated above, and you may publicly display copies.
3. COPYING IN QUANTITY
If you publish printed copies (or copies in media that commonly have printed covers) of the Document, numbering more than 100, and the Document's license notice requires Cover Texts, you must enclose the copies in covers that carry, clearly and legibly, all these Cover Texts: Front-Cover Texts on the front cover, and Back-Cover Texts on the back cover. Both covers must also clearly and legibly identify you as the publisher of these copies. The front cover must present the full title with all words of the title equally prominent and visible. You may add other material on the covers in addition. Copying with changes limited to the covers, as long as they preserve the title of the Document and satisfy these conditions, can be treated as verbatim copying in other respects.
If the required texts for either cover are too voluminous to fit legibly, you should put the first ones listed (as many as fit reasonably) on the actual cover, and continue the rest onto adjacent pages.
If you publish or distribute Opaque copies of the Document numbering more than 100, you must either include a machine-readable Transparent copy along with each Opaque copy, or state in or with each Opaque copy a computer-network location from which the general network-using public has access to download using public-standard network protocols a complete Transparent copy of the Document, free of added material. If you use the latter option, you must take reasonably prudent steps, when you begin distribution of Opaque copies in quantity, to ensure that this Transparent copy will remain thus accessible at the stated location until at least one year after the last time you distribute an Opaque copy (directly or through your agents or retailers) of that edition to the public.
It is requested, but not required, that you contact the authors of the Document well before redistributing any large number of copies, to give them a chance to provide you with an updated version of the Document.
4. MODIFICATIONS
You may copy and distribute a Modified Version of the Document under the conditions of sections 2 and 3 above, provided that you release the Modified Version under precisely this License, with the Modified Version filling the role of the Document, thus licensing distribution and modification of the Modified Version to whoever possesses a copy of it. In addition, you must do these things in the Modified Version:
A. Use in the Title Page (and on the covers, if any) a title distinct from that of the Document, and from those of previous versions (which should, if there were any, be listed in the History section of the Document). You may use the same title as a previous version if the original publisher of that version gives permission.
B. List on the Title Page, as authors, one or more persons or entities responsible for authorship of the modifications in the Modified Version, together with at least five of the principal authors of the Document (all of its principal authors, if it has fewer than five), unless they release you from this requirement.
C. State on the Title page the name of the publisher of the Modified Version, as the publisher.
D. Preserve all the copyright notices of the Document.
E. Add an appropriate copyright notice for your modifications adjacent to the other copyright notices.
F. Include, immediately after the copyright notices, a license notice giving the public permission to use the Modified Version under the terms of this License, in the form shown in the Addendum below.
G. Preserve in that license notice the full lists of Invariant Sections and required Cover Texts given in the Document's license notice.
H. Include an unaltered copy of this License.
I. Preserve the section Entitled "History", Preserve its Title, and add to it an item stating at least the title, year, new authors, and publisher of the Modified Version as given on the Title Page. If there is no section Entitled "History" in the Document, create one stating the title, year, authors, and publisher of the Document as given on its Title Page, then add an item describing the Modified Version as stated in the previous sentence.
J. Preserve the network location, if any, given in the Document for public access to a Transparent copy of the Document, and likewise the network locations given in the Document for previous versions it was based on. These may be placed in the "History" section. You may omit a network location for a work that was published at least four years before the Document itself, or if the original publisher of the version it refers to gives permission.
K. For any section Entitled "Acknowledgements" or "Dedications", Preserve the Title of the section, and preserve in the section all the substance and tone of each of the contributor acknowledgements and/or dedications given therein.
L. Preserve all the Invariant Sections of the Document, unaltered in their text and in their titles. Section numbers or the equivalent are not considered part of the section titles.
M. Delete any section Entitled "Endorsements". Such a section may not be included in the Modified Version.
N. Do not retitle any existing section to be Entitled "Endorsements" or to conflict in title with any Invariant Section.
O. Preserve any Warranty Disclaimers.
If the Modified Version includes new front-matter sections or appendices that qualify as Secondary Sections and contain no material copied from the Document, you may at your option designate some or all of these sections as invariant. To do this, add their titles to the list of Invariant Sections in the Modified Version's license notice. These titles must be distinct from any other section titles.
You may add a section Entitled "Endorsements", provided it contains nothing but endorsements of your Modified Version by various parties—for example, statements of peer review or that the text has been approved by an organization as the authoritative definition of a standard.
You may add a passage of up to five words as a Front-Cover Text, and a passage of up to 25 words as a Back-Cover Text, to the end of the list of Cover Texts in the Modified Version. Only one passage of Front-Cover Text and one of Back-Cover Text may be added by (or through arrangements made by) any one entity. If the Document already includes a cover text for the same cover, previously added by you or by arrangement made by the same entity you are acting on behalf of, you may not add another; but you may replace the old one, on explicit permission from the previous publisher that added the old one.
The author(s) and publisher(s) of the Document do not by this License give permission to use their names for publicity for or to assert or imply endorsement of any Modified Version.
5. COMBINING DOCUMENTS
You may combine the Document with other documents released under this License, under the terms defined in section 4 above for modified versions, provided that you include in the combination all of the Invariant Sections of all of the original documents, unmodified, and list them all as Invariant Sections of your combined work in its license notice, and that you preserve all their Warranty Disclaimers.
The combined work need only contain one copy of this License, and multiple identical Invariant Sections may be replaced with a single copy. If there are multiple Invariant Sections with the same name but different contents, make the title of each such section unique by adding at the end of it, in parentheses, the name of the original author or publisher of that section if known, or else a unique number. Make the same adjustment to the section titles in the list of Invariant Sections in the license notice of the combined work.
In the combination, you must combine any sections Entitled "History" in the various original documents, forming one section Entitled "History"; likewise combine any sections Entitled "Acknowledgements", and any sections Entitled "Dedications". You must delete all sections Entitled "Endorsements."
6. COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS
You may make a collection consisting of the Document and other documents released under this License, and replace the individual copies of this License in the various documents with a single copy that is included in the collection, provided that you follow the rules of this License for verbatim copying of each of the documents in all other respects.
You may extract a single document from such a collection, and distribute it individually under this License, provided you insert a copy of this License into the extracted document, and follow this License in all other respects regarding verbatim copying of that document.
7. AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS
A compilation of the Document or its derivatives with other separate and independent documents or works, in or on a volume of a storage or distribution medium, is called an "aggregate" if the copyright resulting from the compilation is not used to limit the legal rights of the compilation's users beyond what the individual works permit. When the Document is included in an aggregate, this License does not apply to the other works in the aggregate which are not themselves derivative works of the Document.
If the Cover Text requirement of section 3 is applicable to these copies of the Document, then if the Document is less than one half of the entire aggregate, the Document's Cover Texts may be placed on covers that bracket the Document within the aggregate, or the electronic equivalent of covers if the Document is in electronic form. Otherwise they must appear on printed covers that bracket the whole aggregate.
8. TRANSLATION
Translation is considered a kind of modification, so you may distribute translations of the Document under the terms of section 4. Replacing Invariant Sections with translations requires special permission from their copyright holders, but you may include translations of some or all Invariant Sections in addition to the original versions of these Invariant Sections. You may include a translation of this License provided that you also include the original English version of this License. In case of a disagreement between the translation and the original English version of this License, the original English version will prevail.
9. TERMINATION
You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Document except as expressly provided under this License. Any attempt otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute it is void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License.
However, if you cease all violation of this License, then your license from a particular copyright holder is reinstated (a) provisionally, unless and until the copyright holder explicitly and finally terminates your license, and (b) permanently, if the copyright holder fails to notify you of the violation by some reasonable means prior to 60 days after the cessation.
Moreover, your license from a particular copyright holder is reinstated permanently if the copyright holder notifies you of the violation by some reasonable means, this is the first time you have received notice of violation of this License (for any work) from that copyright holder, and you cure the violation prior to 30 days after your receipt of the notice.
Termination of your rights under this section does not terminate the licenses of parties who have received copies or rights from you under this License. If your rights have been terminated and not permanently reinstated, receipt of a copy of some or all of the same material does not give you any rights to use it.
10. FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE
The Free Software Foundation may publish new, revised versions of the GNU Free Documentation License from time to time. Such new versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to address new problems or concerns. See .
Each version of the License is given a distinguishing version number. If the Document specifies that a particular numbered version of this License "or any later version" applies to it, you have the option of following the terms and conditions either of that specified version or of any later version that has been published (not as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation. If the Document does not specify a version number of this License, you may choose any version ever published (not as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation.
ADDENDUM: How to use this License for your documents
To use this License in a document you have written, include a copy of the License in the document and put the following copyright and license notices just after the title page:
Copyright (C) YEAR YOUR NAME.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3
or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation;
with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts.
A copy of the license is included in the section entitled ``GNU
Free Documentation License''.
## Data Citations
The following URLs were crawled for information in the creation of this dataset. Should there be any urls which are not visible below, but you are sure that content was scraped/crawled from it, the author of this dataset invites you to contact him/her by informing him/her in the community of this dataset.
All URLs were accessed on the 28th of April, 2024.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Grand_Gulf
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Grand_Gulf#bodyContent
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page#bodyContent
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language#bodyContent
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language#Classification
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language#History
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language#Overview_of_history
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language#Proto-Germanic_to_Old_English
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language#Influence_of_Old_Norse
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language#Middle_English
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language#Early_Modern_English
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language#Spread_of_Modern_English
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language#Geographical_distribution
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language#Three_circles_of_English-speaking_countries
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language#Pluricentric_English
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language#English_as_a_global_language
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language#Phonology
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language#Consonants
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language#Vowels
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language#Phonotactics
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language#Stress,_rhythm_and_intonation
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language#Regional_variation
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language#Grammar
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language#Nouns_and_noun_phrases
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language#Adjectives
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language#Determiners
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language#Pronouns,_case,_and_person
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language#Prepositions
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language#Verbs_and_verb_phrases
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language#Tense,_aspect_and_mood
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language#Phrasal_verbs
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language#Adverbs
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language#Syntax
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language#Basic_constituent_order
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language#Clause_syntax
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language#Auxiliary_verb_constructions
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language#Questions
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language#Discourse_level_syntax
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language#Vocabulary
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language#Word-formation_processes
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language#Word_origins
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language#English_loanwords_and_calques_in_other_languages
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language#Orthography
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language#Dialects,_accents_and_varieties
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language#Britain_and_Ireland
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language#North_America
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language#Australia_and_New_Zealand
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language#Southeast_Asia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language#Africa,_the_Caribbean,_and_South_Asia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language#Non-native_varieties
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language#See_also
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language#References
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language#Bibliography
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language#External_links
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language#cite_note-FOOTNOTEOxford_Learner's_Dictionary2015Entry:_[httpwwwoxfordlearnersdictionariescomuspronunciationenglishenglish_1_English_–_Pronunciation]-1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom#bodyContent
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom#Etymology_and_terminology
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom#History
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom#Prior_to_the_Treaty_of_Union
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom#Kingdom_of_Great_Britain
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom#United_Kingdom_of_Great_Britain_and_Ireland
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom#World_wars_and_partition_of_Ireland
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom#Postwar_20th_century
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom#21st_century
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom#Geography
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom#Climate
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom#Topography
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom#Politics
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom#Administrative_divisions
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom#Devolved_governments
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom#Scotland
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom#Wales
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom#Northern_Ireland
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom#Foreign_relations
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom#Law_and_criminal_justice
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom#Military
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom#Economy
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom#Science_and_technology
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom#Transport
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom#Energy
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom#Water_supply_and_sanitation
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom#Demographics
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom#Ethnicity
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom#Languages
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom#Religion
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom#Migration
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom#Education
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom#Healthcare
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom#Culture
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom#Literature
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom#Philosophy
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom#Music
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom#Visual_art
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom#Cinema
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom#Cuisine
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom#Media
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom#Sport
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom#Symbols
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom#See_also
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom#Notes
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom#References
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom#External_links
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom#Government
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom#Travel
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system#bodyContent
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system#History
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system#Latitude_and_longitude
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system#Geodetic_datum
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system#Length_of_a_degree
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system#Alternate_encodings
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system#See_also
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system#Notes
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system#References
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system#Sources
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system#External_links
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spatial_reference_system
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spatial_reference_system#bodyContent
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spatial_reference_system#Types_of_systems
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spatial_reference_system#Components
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spatial_reference_system#Examples_by_continent
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spatial_reference_system#Asia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spatial_reference_system#Europe
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spatial_reference_system#North_America
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spatial_reference_system#Worldwide
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spatial_reference_system#Identifiers
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spatial_reference_system#See_also
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spatial_reference_system#References
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spatial_reference_system#External_links
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhombicosidodecahedron
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhombicosidodecahedron#bodyContent
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhombicosidodecahedron#Names
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhombicosidodecahedron#Dimensions
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhombicosidodecahedron#Geometric_relations
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhombicosidodecahedron#Cartesian_coordinates
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhombicosidodecahedron#Orthogonal_projections
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhombicosidodecahedron#Spherical_tiling
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhombicosidodecahedron#Related_polyhedra
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhombicosidodecahedron#Symmetry_mutations
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhombicosidodecahedron#Johnson_solids
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhombicosidodecahedron#Vertex_arrangement
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhombicosidodecahedron#Rhombicosidodecahedral_graph
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhombicosidodecahedron#See_also
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhombicosidodecahedron#Notes
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhombicosidodecahedron#References
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhombicosidodecahedron#External_links
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archimedean_solid
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archimedean_solid#bodyContent
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archimedean_solid#Origin_of_name
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archimedean_solid#Classification
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archimedean_solid#Properties
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archimedean_solid#Chirality
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archimedean_solid#Construction_of_Archimedean_solids
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archimedean_solid#Stereographic_projection
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archimedean_solid#See_also
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archimedean_solid#Citations
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archimedean_solid#Works_cited
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archimedean_solid#General_references
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archimedean_solid#External_links
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Truncated_tetrahedron
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Truncated_tetrahedron#bodyContent
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Truncated_tetrahedron#Area_and_volume
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Truncated_tetrahedron#Densest_packing
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Truncated_tetrahedron#Cartesian_coordinates
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Truncated_tetrahedron#Orthogonal_projection
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Truncated_tetrahedron#Spherical_tiling
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Truncated_tetrahedron#Friauf_polyhedron
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Truncated_tetrahedron#Uses
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Truncated_tetrahedron#Truncated_tetrahedral_graph
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Truncated_tetrahedron#Related_polyhedra_and_tilings
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Truncated_tetrahedron#Symmetry_mutations
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Truncated_tetrahedron#Examples
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Truncated_tetrahedron#See_also
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Truncated_tetrahedron#References
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Truncated_tetrahedron#External_links
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniform_polyhedron
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniform_polyhedron#bodyContent
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniform_polyhedron#Definition
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniform_polyhedron#History
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniform_polyhedron#Regular_convex_polyhedra
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniform_polyhedron#Nonregular_uniform_convex_polyhedra
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniform_polyhedron#Regular_star_polyhedra
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniform_polyhedron#Other_53_nonregular_star_polyhedra
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniform_polyhedron#Uniform_star_polyhedra
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniform_polyhedron#Convex_forms_by_Wythoff_construction
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniform_polyhedron#Summary_tables
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniform_polyhedron#(3_3_2)_Td_tetrahedral_symmetry
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniform_polyhedron#(4_3_2)_Oh_octahedral_symmetry
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniform_polyhedron#(5_3_2)_Ih_icosahedral_symmetry
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniform_polyhedron#(p_2_2)_Prismatic_[p,2],_I2(p)_family_(Dph_dihedral_symmetry)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniform_polyhedron#(2_2_2)_Dihedral_symmetry
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniform_polyhedron#(3_2_2)_D3h_dihedral_symmetry
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniform_polyhedron#(4_2_2)_D4h_dihedral_symmetry
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniform_polyhedron#(5_2_2)_D5h_dihedral_symmetry
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniform_polyhedron#(6_2_2)_D6h_dihedral_symmetry
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniform_polyhedron#Wythoff_construction_operators
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniform_polyhedron#See_also
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniform_polyhedron#Notes
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniform_polyhedron#References
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniform_polyhedron#External_links
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platonic_solid
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platonic_solid#bodyContent
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platonic_solid#History
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platonic_solid#Cartesian_coordinates
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platonic_solid#Combinatorial_properties
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platonic_solid#As_a_configuration
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platonic_solid#Classification
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platonic_solid#Geometric_proof
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platonic_solid#Topological_proof
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platonic_solid#Geometric_properties
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platonic_solid#Angles
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platonic_solid#Radii,_area,_and_volume
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platonic_solid#Point_in_space
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platonic_solid#Rupert_property
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platonic_solid#Symmetry
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platonic_solid#Dual_polyhedra
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platonic_solid#Symmetry_groups
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platonic_solid#In_nature_and_technology
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platonic_solid#Liquid_crystals_with_symmetries_of_Platonic_solids
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platonic_solid#Related_polyhedra_and_polytopes
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platonic_solid#Uniform_polyhedra