file_name,transcript,domain,duration,age_group,accent,country data/247554f8-f233-4861-bc1a-8fc327b5d5df_2b500b633e5d5ecce35433cbbb859ddc_8bW4oSXn.wav,"Speaker 1: Okay, so Mr Joel Solomon, what brought you here? Speaker 2: Since 4days ago, I’ve been having problem on my…cough problem and fever Speaker 1: Ok ok ok sorry, can you tell me more about it? Speaker 2: It usually happen every night, especially in the night, I can’t able to sleep. Speaker 1: Ok you feel it more at night? Speaker 2: Yes yes yes. Speaker 1: Ok sorry, did any body maybe in your working place or or in your environment have similar issue? Speaker 2: Yes, my co worker is an covid 19 patient. Speaker 1: Oh ok, have you gone to hospital? Speaker 2: No no that is the reason why I come here to lay complain Speaker 1: Did you feel chest pain? Speaker 2: Yes yes I feel chest pain and very difficult to breathe sometimes. Speaker 1: Ok ok have you checked your blood pressure? Speaker 2: No. Speaker 1: Ok, are you married? Speaker 2: Yes. Speaker 1: Ok are you..With how many children? Speaker 2: 2 boys Speaker 1: Ok are you and your family living together? Speaker 2: No no. Speaker 1: Ok ok did you eat well? Speaker 2: Yes. Speaker 1: Did you smoke? Speaker 2: No no. Speaker 1: Did you take alcohol ? Speaker 2: No no. Speaker 1: Are you allergic to any drug or food? Speaker 2: No no. Speaker 1: Alright you are welcome mr Solomon. Speaker 2: Ma may God bless you. Speaker 1: I will keep in touch with you. Speaker 2: Ok ma thanks for your time.",medical,148.4819955,19-25,Hausa,NG data/304d6402-91d8-4a4f-8a65-143a7c7675d8_5702eb9666f8e49b3702c9bd42dc1d7d_CZ2bqtci.wav,"00:00:00 [Speaker 1]: Okay, what brought you here? 00:05:98 [Speaker 2]: I have a rectal bleeding and discomfort. 00:18:03 [Speaker 1]: How long does the bleeding started? 00:24:02 [Speaker 2]: It started two days ago. 00:31:98 [Speaker 1]: Okay, can you tell me more about this? 00:38:98 [Speaker 2]: The bleeding started 2 days ago. I feel pain. I have bright red stool - blood. I noticed it on toilet paper when i wanted to poop and it does not mix with stool and I have pain and discomfort in my rectal region. It's aching and itching. 01:35:01 [Speaker 1]: Did you have abdominal pain? 01:39:03 [Speaker 2]: I do not have abdominal pain. 01:44:02 [Speaker 1]: Did you have fever? 01:46:01 [Speaker 2]: I do not have fever. 01:48:99 [Speaker 1]: Did you have weight loss or changes in bowel habit? 01:54:03 [Speaker 2]: No. 01:59:02 [Speaker 1]: Did you have constipation? 02:02:02 [Speaker 2]:No 02:06:02 [Speaker 1]: Did you have straining during bowel movement? 02:10:02 [Speaker 2]: No. 02:15:99 [Speaker 1]: Have you ever had any similar conditions like that in the past? 02:24:98 [Speaker 2]: No 02:28:03 [Speaker 1]: Did you travel? 02:30:03 [Speaker 2]: No. 02:35:02 [Speaker 1]: Did you have any chronic disease? 02:41:03 [Speaker 2]: No. 02:44:98 [Speaker 1]: Have you ever undergo any surgery in the past? 02:49:98 [Speaker 2]: No. 02:52:03 [Speaker 1]: Have anybody in your family experienced anything like this? 03:00:02 [Speaker 2]: No. 03:08:98 [Speaker 1]: Do you drink? 03:10:98 [Speaker 2]: No, I did not drink. 03:15:01 [Speaker 1]: Did you take alcohol? Smoke cigarette? 03:18:01 [Speaker 2]: No. 03:22:100 [Speaker 1]: Do you have allergies to food, to any food? 03:27:98 [Speaker 2]:No""",medical,209.9080045,19-25,Isoko,NG data/392c7093-7347-40b8-ab37-db1dcc90945d_4a687442bebec55ed82550bf1617ff4f_tazfKVuj.wav,"00:02:00 [Speaker 2]: Good afternoon Mr. Ade 00:03:100 00:04:99 [Speaker 1]: Good afternoon doctor 00:06:01 00:07:03 [Speaker 2]: Okay. Please what brought you to the hospital today? 00:11:01 00:13:99 [Speaker 1]: Okay. I've been having pain in my abdomen, lower abdomen area 00:21:99 00:24:98 [Speaker 2]: Okay. Sorry. First of all, please, you said your name is Ade? 00:32:02 00:33:03 [Speaker 1]: Yes ma 00:33:99 00:35:98 [Speaker 2]: Okay. Please, how old are you? 00:38:00 00:39:98 [Speaker 1]: I am 35 years old 00:41:02 00:42:98 [Speaker 2]: Okay. And what tribe are you? 00:45:03 00:47:99 [Speaker 1]: I am Yoruba by tribe 00:49:02 00:50:03 [Speaker 2]: Okay. What of your religion? 00:54:98 00:56:02 [Speaker 1]: I'm a Christian 00:57:01 00:59:02 [Speaker 2]: Okay. Are you married sir? 01:00:98 01:01:99 [Speaker 1]: No. I'm not married 01:02:03 01:03:99 [Speaker 2]: Okay. What do you do for a living? Your occupation 01:07:01 01:08:99 [Speaker 1]: I'm a trader 01:10:01 01:11:03 [Speaker 2]: Okay. And where do you live? 01:14:00 01:15:03 [Speaker 1]: I live in Ekiti 01:16:03 01:18:02 [Speaker 2]: Okay. Alright Mr. Ade, you said you, you have right, is it what abdominal pain? 01:28:03 01:29:98 [Speaker 1]: Yes, lower abdominal pain 01:31:02 01:32:02 [Speaker 2]: Okay. Which side of the abdomen? The right or the left? 01:36:99 01:37:98 [Speaker 1]: I think it's on the right side 01:39:03 01:41:98 [Speaker 2]: On the right side 01:43:01 01:44:98 [Speaker 1]: Yes, ma 01:44:99 01:44:98 [Speaker 2]: Okay. Please when did you notice this pain? 01:47:01 01:49:01 [Speaker 1]: I think I started noticing the pain like two days ago 01:53:00 01:55:99 [Speaker 2]:Okay. And 01:58:01 01:57:100 [Speaker 1]:Two days ago 01:58:100 01:59:99 [Speaker 2]:Okay. Please how, how would you describe the character of this pain? Is it sharp? Is it burning? Is it dull? 02:11:04 02:12:03 [Speaker 1]:I think the pain is sharp in nature 02:15:98 02:17:99 [Speaker 2]:Okay. Does it, does it move?, like does it radiate to anywhere? Do you feel the pain maybe at the other side, maybe at the left or does it move to your upper abdomen or to your back or the pain is just in one particular position 02:39:03 02:39:03 [Speaker 1]:The pain is, it doesn't move anywhere. It's just in one particular position 02:43:03 02:44:98 [Speaker 2]: Okay. It doesn't radiate. Okay 02:46:03 02:46:99 [Speaker 1]: Yes 02:47:02 02:48:03 [Speaker 2]: And, have you taken anything since you started experiencing this pain. Have you taken anything to relieve the pain? 02:56:99 03:00:02 [Speaker 1]: Okay. Yes, I've, I've taken some medications but the pain is still not going away 03:11:99 03:11:99 [Speaker 2]: Okay. So, is there anything that makes the pain worse? Let's say if, if you're moving or if you lie down or if you sit up, does it make the pain worse or does it relieve the pain. Is there anything you'll do that'll make the pain worse? 03:31:01 03:33:03 [Speaker 1]: Not really. 03:35:03 03:37:01 [Speaker 2]: Okay. The pain is always there? 03:38:99 03:39:99 [Speaker 1]: Not really. I can't, Yes, just, just there 03:42:99 03:44:99 [Speaker 2]: Okay. And, okay, let's say on a scale of 1 to 10, with ten being the worst pain ever, how would you grade your pain? On a scale of 1 to 10, how severe is it? 04:02:00 04:04:03 [Speaker 1]: I think I'll give it an 8/10. 04:06:00 04:07:02 [Speaker 2]: Okay. I'm very sorry about that sir. 04:09:99 04:11:02 [Speaker 1]: Thank you. 04:11:98 04:11:98 [Speaker 2]: Does the pain worsen when you, let's say when you cough? 04:19:03 04:23:00 [Speaker 1]: Yes, yes, it worsens when I cough or when I'm moving 04:28:03 04:28:03 [Speaker 2]: Okay. Is there any associated swelling at that site where you're feeling the pain 04:35:02 04:36:02 [Speaker 1]: Sorry. I didn't get you 04:37:02 04:38:98 [Speaker 2]: Is there any swelling at the site of the pain? Where you're feeling the pain, is there a swelling there? 04:45:04 04:45:98 [Speaker 1]: No. There's no, there's no swelling at the site of the pain. 04:47:98 04:48:100 [Speaker 2]: Okay. And, did you have, were you involved in any let's say accident? Did you fall before you started feeling the pain, did you fall, did someone hit you at that site? Or blow you? 05:09:02 05:09:98 [Speaker 1]: No. I wasn't, I didn't experience any fall or there's no, nobody hit me at that site of the pain. 05:16:04 05:17:02 [Speaker 2]: Okay. This pain, is it constant or does it change, let's say is it bad in the morning and better in the afternoon or, or worse at night or it's just constant? 05:32:01 05:33:02 [Speaker 2]: You said... 05:34:01 05:36:02 [Speaker 1]: Okay, whether the pain is constant. No it's not, it's not constant 05:41:00 05:44:00 [Speaker 2]: Okay it's not constant? 05:45:02 05:46:99 [Speaker 1]: Oh sorry, the pain is actually constant 05:48:100 05:49:100 [Speaker 2]: Okay. 05:50:100 05:52:100 [Speaker 1]: And like it doesn't go away. It just stays, I don't feel ... 05:57:00 05:56:00 [Speaker 2]: It doesn't change with time? 05:57:03 05:58:100 [Speaker 1]: Yes, yes it doesn't change with time 06:00:02 06:02:00 [Speaker 2]: Okay, okay, do you have loss of...I'm coming. Do you experience any headache? 06:10:02 06:15:03 [Speaker 1]: No. I don't experience any headache 06:19:00 06:20:98 [Speaker 2]: Okay, how about dizziness or fainting? 06:23:99 06:26:99 [Speaker 1]: I also do not, I don't, I've not experienced fainting or dizziness 06:32:98 06:34:00 [Speaker 2]: Okay, and how about chest pain? Is there any chest pain? 06:41:02 06:44:02 [Speaker 1]: No. I also do not experience chest pain 06:47:04 06:48:00 [Speaker 2]: Okay, how about coughing 06:49:01 06:52:02 [Speaker 1]: Yes, I use to, I do cough and anytime I cough, the pain worsens 06:56:00 06:57:02 [Speaker 2]: Okay. When you cough, do you see blood in your cough 07:02:98 07:04:98 [Speaker 1]: No. There's no, no blood. I don't use to see blood when I cough 07:09:98 07:10:100 [Speaker 2]: Okay. But do you have difficulty in breathing or you're breathing normal 07:16:00 07:19:03 [Speaker 1]: No. I just don't have difficulty in breathing 07:22:02 07:23:98 [Speaker 2]: Okay, what of loss of appetite? Do you have loss of appetite? 07:31:98 07:34:98 [Speaker 1]: Yeah, I used to experience loss of appetite 07:36:02 07:38:04 [Speaker 2]: Okay, what of, what of nausea? Were you feeling nauseous? Or vomiting? 07:45:00 07:44:01 [Speaker 1]: Yeah, I usually feel nauseous also 07:46:98 07:48:01 [Speaker 2]: Do you vomit? Did you ever vomit since this started? 07:51:98 07:52:99 [Speaker 1]: Yes. I think I've vomited like twice now 07:55:99 07:57:03 [Speaker 2]: Okay. Twice? Was it on the same day? 08:00:99 08:03:03 [Speaker 1]: No. It wasn't on the same day 08:05:100 08:07:99 [Speaker 2]: Okay. Please do you remember the colour of the, of the content you vomited? Was it yellowish or greenish? Or just? 08:19:100 08:17:99 [Speaker 1]: It was yellowish 08:19:00 08:19:100 [Speaker 2]: Okay. Was it plenty? Was, was the volume, how would you say, was it small quantity or was it a lot? 08:28:100 08:29:03 [Speaker 1]: It was just, it wasn't a lot and it wasn't too small. Just somewhere around the middle. 08:35:02 08:35:02 [Speaker 2]: Okay and how about your bowel movement? Have you been going to the toilet the way you usually go or are you having diarrhoea? 08:50:03 08:47:98 [Speaker 1]: No, I think I don't notice...No, I don't, I don't experience diarrhoea 08:53:98 08:54:98 [Speaker 2]: Okay. And no, is there blood or mucus in your stool? 09:00:01 09:03:99 [Speaker 1]: No. There's no blood and there's no mucus also 09:05:99 09:07:99 [Speaker 2]: Okay. Are you experiencing groin pain? Pain around your groin? 09:11:01 09:14:02 [Speaker 1]: No, no groin pain 09:16:98 09:17:99 [Speaker 2]: Okay. Do you urinate more at night? 09:20:100 09:25:01 [Speaker 1]: No, my urine is normal 09:26:99 09:30:02 [Speaker 2]: Do you, okay, do you think, have you been urinating less than usual or more than usual or your urine volume is still normal? 09:39:00 09:41:00 [Speaker 1]: No, I think my urine is just fine, it's just, it's normal 09:44:00 09:46:03 [Speaker 2]: Okay. And have you seen blood in your urine? Since you started experiencing this 09:52:01 09:51:01 [Speaker 1]: No, there's no blood in my urine. 09:53:00 09:55:01 [Speaker 2]: Okay. Have you had fever? 09:57:01 10:00:03 [Speaker 1]: No fever also. I've not experienced fever. 10:03:00 10:01:01 [Speaker 2]: Have you had fever? Okay, and have you lost weight? 10:07:03 10:05:00 [Speaker 1]: No fever. I think my weight is just fine, just normal 10:10:98 10:14:03 [Speaker 2]: Okay. And, were you in contact with any, anybody who was ill or coughing before you started experiencing this pain? 10:28:03 10:29:02 [Speaker 1]: No I don't, I can't remember being in contact with anybody of such 10:32:02 10:34:01 [Speaker 2]:Okay, Alright, Do you have, do you experience pain when you want to swallow food 10:46:03 10:48:01 [Speaker 1]: No, I don't experience pain when I'm swallowing 10:52:03 10:52:99 [Speaker 2]: Okay, and have you noticed, when you look in the mirror, have you noticed yellowish colouration of your eye? 11:04:100 11:08:98 [Speaker 1]: No, I've not noticed any of such colouration 11:12:02 11:13:02 [Speaker 2]: Okay. Do you have joint pain? Or swelling? Joint swelling? 11:18:99 11:17:98 [Speaker 1]: Joint pain? 11:18:02 11:19:01 [Speaker 2]: Yes 11:19:99 11:21:00 [Speaker 1]: No. I also do not have those. 11:23:98 11:26:02 [Speaker 2]: Okay. And, okay, have you experienced this before, before now? This pain 11:34:00 11:35:99 [Speaker 1]: Okay. No I've not experienced this before. This is the first time I'm experiencing it. 11:40:100 11:42:98 [Speaker 2]: Okay. Do you have? Have you had diabetes before? 11:47:00 11:49:00 [Speaker 1]: No 11:50:03 11:51:03 [Speaker 2]: Okay. How about tuberculosis? 11:52:100 11:55:02 [Speaker 1]: No. I've not had tuberculosis 11:57:00 11:58:01 [Speaker 2]: Okay. Or any kidney disease before? 12:01:02 12:01:100 [Speaker 1]: No, no kidney disease also 12:05:00 12:06:00 [Speaker 2]: How about hypertension? 12:07:00 12:09:03 [Speaker 1]: No. I've not had hypertension 12:11:01 12:12:01 [Speaker 2]: Okay. But does anyone in your family has, have any of these issues? 12:17:02 12:20:03 [Speaker 1]: No, there's no one in my family that's had any of these issues you mentioned 12:25:01 [Speaker 2]: Okay. Have you had any surgery before? 12:27:02 12:29:02 [Speaker 1]: No. I've not had surgery before. I've not had any surgery. 12:32:00 12:34:00 [Speaker 2]: Okay. Do you smoke cigarettes? 12:39:00 12:42:98 [Speaker 1]: No. I do not smoke cigarettes 12:44:01 12:46:00 [Speaker 2]: How about alcohol? Do you take alcohol 12:49:01 12:52:00 [Speaker 1]: Occasionally, I take alcohol 12:53:02 12:54:98 [Speaker 2]: Okay. Let's say in a week, how many bottles of alcohol would you say you consume? 13:01:00 13:02:99 [Speaker 1]: Sorry? 13:03:98 13:04:98 [Speaker 2]: In a week, how many bottles of alcohol would you say you, you consume? 13:11:03 13:13:03 [Speaker 1]: In a week, maybe just one or two 13:15:03 13:15:02 [Speaker 2]: Okay. Do you take any of these drugs like cocaine or the rest? 13:21:98 13:22:100 [Speaker 1]: No, I don't 13:25:98 13:25:100 [Speaker 2]: Okay. So, currently, are you on any medication? Are you taking drugs? Are you treating anything right now? 13:36:03 13:37:99 [Speaker 1]: No, I'm not taking any medication currently 13:39:99 13:41:01 [Speaker 2]: Okay. And, do you have any allergy or is there any drug or food that you're allergic to? 13:53:00 13:55:00 [Speaker 1]: No, I'm not allergic to any drug or food I'm aware of 13:58:03 13:59:99 [Speaker 2]: Okay, alright. I'm really sorry about your... the symptoms you're experiencing 14:13:02 14:14:01 [Speaker 1]: Thank you 14:15:01 14:15:100 [Speaker 2]: Yes, so we'll do some tests so that we'll know what's going on and start treatment immediately 14:26:00 14:27:100 [Speaker 1]: Okay 14:28:98 14:29:99 [Speaker 2]: Okay 14:30:02 14:30:99 [Speaker 1]: Thank you 14:31:03 14:33:98 [Speaker 2]: Thank you, yes. I'll see you next time 14:40:100 14:43:98 [Speaker 1]: Alright, see you next time ma 14:44:99 14:46:00 [Speaker 2]: Okay, alright, have a good day Mr. Ade 14:50:02 14:51:03 [Speaker 1]: Thank you 14:51:99",medical,894.4109977,19-25,Isoko,NG data/4696599d-37fb-442b-bdae-27e3325771b5_caecc2042dce919b3fa39143f8a9473a_a9KTbuFt.wav,"[Speaker 1]: Ok. And how old are you chidinma? [Speaker 2]: I am 25 years old [Speaker 1]: What tribe are you? [Speaker 2]: I am igbo [Speaker 1]: Your religion please? [Speaker 2]: Christianity [Speaker 1]: Ok. And what did you for a living? Your occupation [Speaker 2]: I am a student [Speaker 1]: Ok. Are you married? [Speaker 2]: No. I am not [Speaker 1]: Ok. Where do you live? [Speaker 2]: I live in enugu [Speaker 1]: So what brought you in to the hospital this morning? What happened? [Speaker 2]: I have been having pain in my throat and really uncomfortable. So i decided to come to the hospital [Speaker 1]: Ok. I am sorry about that [Speaker 2]: Thank you. [Speaker 1]: When did this pain, when did it start? [Speaker 2]: About two days ago [Speaker 1]: Ok. Was it gradually? or did you just notice it suddenly? Did it start suddenly? [Speaker 2]: No. It was sudden [Speaker 1]: Ok. And how would you characterize the pain? Is it sharp? Is it burning pain? Or is it dull? [Speaker 2]: It is dull [Speaker 1]: Ok. Does it radiate to anywhere? Does it move? Or you are just feeling it at your throat? Or in your throat? [Speaker 2]: Sometimes i feel it around my ears [Speaker 1]: Ok. And is there anything that makes the pain better? Is there anything that relieves you of the pain? [Speaker 2]: When i am not talking or trying to swallow anything. I feel relief a bit [Speaker 1]: Ok. Did you take any sort of pain killers for the pain? [Speaker 2]: Well, i just visited to nearby pharmacy and got some [Speaker 1]: Ok. And when you take it, Does it relieve the pain? [Speaker 2]: Temporarily [Speaker 1]: Ok. So is there anything that makes the pain worse? [Speaker 2]: Trying to swallow or sometimes trying to talk [Speaker 1]: Ok. How about loud sounds? Loud music? [Speaker 2]: Yes. It makes it painful [Speaker 1]: Ok. And the pain, is it constant throughout the day? Like when you wake up in the morning compare to night. Is there any difference? Is it worse at night or is it worse in the morning? Or is it just constant? Throughout the day [Speaker 2]: It is constant [Speaker 1]: Ok. And on a scale of 1-10 with 10 been the worst pain imaginable for you. How would you rate the pain you are given? [Speaker 2]: I will tell 8 [Speaker 1]: Ok. Is it associated with any swelling? Did you notice any swelling at the base of pain? [Speaker 2]: No. I have not noticed any swelling [Speaker 1]: Ok. Is the, please is it it warm to touch? [Speaker 2]: Yes. It is [Speaker 1]: Ok. What side of your throat? Is it everywhere? Or is it just at the back or at the front? [Speaker 2]: At the front [Speaker 1]: Ok. Ok. i am really sorry about that [Speaker 2]: Thank you doctor [Speaker 1]: So have you had any discharges from your ears? [Speaker 2]: No [Speaker 1]: Ok. How about fever? [Speaker 2]: No [Speaker 1]: Is your body temperature, is it high? [Speaker 2]: Yes, my body is very hot [Speaker 1]: Ok. Can you rate it on a scale of 1-10? The 10 like is very high [Speaker 2]: I think like 8 [Speaker 1]: Ok. Ok. Sorry about that. And have you been coughing? [Speaker 2]: No. I have not [Speaker 1]: Ok. How about, The fever, sorry is it constant? Does it, or was it intermittent like, does it change throughout the cause of the day? Like it is high one minute the next minute your better or is it just constant? [Speaker 2]: It is constant exactly when i shower and a bit better but usually constant [Speaker 1]: Ok. Ok. And how do you have your appetite. Do you eat normal or the way you have always been? [Speaker 2]: I have not been eating well because it is hard for me to swallow because of the pain. So i haven't been eating [Speaker 1]: Ok. Ok. I am really sorry [Speaker 2]: Thank you [Speaker 1]: Have you? Does the pain comes with headache? Does it give you headache? [Speaker 2]: Yes sometimes It does [Speaker 1]: Is it a sharp headache? [Speaker 2]: It is just dull [Speaker 1]: And have you had any seizures? [Speaker 2]: No. I haven't [Speaker 1]: Did you feel dizzy sometimes? [Speaker 2]: No [Speaker 1]: Have you fainted or collapsed or lost consciousness since you started? [Speaker 2]: No [Speaker 1]: Ok. And you scent to touch, you still [Speaker 2]: Yes [Speaker 1]: Have you been having chest pain? [Speaker 2]: No. No chest pain [Speaker 1]: Ok. How about difficulty in breathing? [Speaker 2]: No [Speaker 1]: Do you have palpitations? Like can you feel your heart, like do you feel like you can hear your heart beating? [Speaker 2]: No. Nothing like that [Speaker 1]: Ok. And how about, and you earlier say there's no cough [Speaker 2]: Yeah [Speaker 1]: Have you had ankle swelling? [Speaker 2]: No [Speaker 1]: Ok. And have you been vomiting? [Speaker 2]: No. I haven't [Speaker 1]: Ok. But do you feel nauseous sometimes? Like you want to vomit [Speaker 2]: No [Speaker 1]: Ok. And how about abdominal pain? Have you had any pain? [Speaker 2]: No [Speaker 1]: Ok. Would you say, do you think you lost weight? [Speaker 2]: Yeah! I think i have because i have not been eating well almost a week [Speaker 1]: Ok. How about change in bowel habit? [Speaker 2]: Well, nothing much to say [Speaker 1]: Ok. Rectal bleeding. Any rectal bleeding occur? [Speaker 2]: What's rectal bleeding? [Speaker 1]: Do you see blood in your stool? [Speaker 2]: Ok. No [Speaker 1]: Ok. Have you, your urination like when you are urinating do you feel the volume of your urine has increase? You urinate more than you used to before? [Speaker 2]: No [Speaker 1]: Ok. Still normal? [Speaker 2]: Yes [Speaker 1]: And do you see blood in your urine? When you pass your urine? [Speaker 2]: No. I don't [Speaker 1]: Ok. Do you urinate more at night? [Speaker 2]: No [Speaker 1]: Ok. And have you been having groin pain? [Speaker 2]: No. It is just the throat pain [Speaker 1]: Ok. Just the throat pain [Speaker 2]: Yes [Speaker 1]: This questions are necessary. We need to ask them so that we will make diagnosis. Sorry [Speaker 2]: Thank you doctor [Speaker 1]: Have you had any menstrual irregularities? [Speaker 2]: No. My period has been normal [Speaker 1]: Ok. When was your last menstrual period? [Speaker 2]: Like two weeks ago [Speaker 1]: Ok. Any abnormal vaginal discharge? [Speaker 2]: No doctor [Speaker 1]: Ok. Do you have joint pain? [Speaker 2]: No. I don't [Speaker 1]: Or joint swelling? [Speaker 2]: No. No [Speaker 1]: Ok. Have you, have you experienced something like this before? Or is this the first time? [Speaker 2]: No. This is the first time is happening [Speaker 1]: Ok. And has it happen to anyone in your family before? [Speaker 2]: No [Speaker 1]: Ok. Are you a sickle cell patient? [Speaker 2]: No. I am not [Speaker 1]: Ok. Have you had tuberculosis before? [Speaker 2]: No. I haven't [Speaker 1]: How about diabetes? [Speaker 2]: No [Speaker 1]: Have you had hypertension before? [Speaker 2]: No [Speaker 1]: Have you been diagnosed with any kidney disease before? [Speaker 2]: No. I haven't [Speaker 1]: Ok. Has anyone in your family been diagnosed with hypertension before? [Speaker 2]: My grandpa [Speaker 1]: Ok. How about diabetes myelitis? [Speaker 2]: No [Speaker 1]: Anyone in your family? [Speaker 2]: No [Speaker 1]: Is anyone in your family a sickle cell anemia patient? [Speaker 2]: No [Speaker 1]: Anyone in your family with tuberculosis, history of tuberculosis? [Speaker 2]: No [Speaker 1]: Ok. Before now, where you in contact with anybody that was coughing? [Speaker 2]: No [Speaker 1]: Ok. Do you take pasteurized, like nono which they sell on the street? [Speaker 2]: No. I don't [Speaker 1]: Ok. Did you travel recently? [Speaker 2]: No [Speaker 1]: Ok. And, your, where your living environment. Do you live with people? [Speaker 2]: No. I live alone off campus [Speaker 1]: Ok. And is your place well ventilated? [Speaker 2]: Yes [Speaker 1]: Ok. How your drinking water. How is the condition? [Speaker 2]: is better than before [Speaker 1]: Ok. Do you eat it out? Or do you want to eat at home? [Speaker 2]: Sometimes i buy food at the cafeteria but most of times i eat at home [Speaker 1]: Ok. Do you take alcohol? [Speaker 2]: Occasionally. Sometimes [Speaker 1]: Ok. In a week, how many bottle you consume? How many bottles of alcohol in a week? [Speaker 2]: Like three [Speaker 1]: Ok. How about smoking? Do you smoke cigarette? [Speaker 2]: No. I don't smoke [Speaker 1]: Ok. Do you use any recreational drugs? Like cocaine [Speaker 2]: No [Speaker 1]: Ok. Are you currently on any medication prescribe by the doctor? [Speaker 2]: Ok. No [Speaker 1]: But are you taking any drugs? [Speaker 2]: There are drugs that i got from the pharmacy. So i take some when the pain is very bad [Speaker 1]: Ok. And the pain killers is it prescribed by the doctor or you just [Speaker 2]: No. I just went out and bought [Speaker 1]: Ok. And do you have any known drug allergies? [Speaker 2]: No. Not that i am aware of [Speaker 1]: Ok. How about food allergies? Do you have any? Are you react to any kind of food? [Speaker 2]: No [Speaker 1]: Ok. So miss chidinma have you have this feeling of wellness like, feels like you are sick, weakness, paralyzed body weakness? [Speaker 2]: Yes. I just feel soo sick like i just feel somehow [Speaker 1]: Ok. Does it affect like your normal daily activities? Like going to school and the rest? Does it keep you at home? [Speaker 2]: Well, i can do all these things is just that i am more tired than just [Speaker 1]: Ok. And before you started feeling this pain have you invlove in any home accident? [Speaker 2]: No [Speaker 1]: Did anyone hit your throat? [Speaker 2]: No [Speaker 1]: Did you fall on anything? [Speaker 2]: No [Speaker 1]: Or get in contact with anyone that is having? [Speaker 2]: No. No [Speaker 1]: Ok. And have you had any history of surgery? Have you had any surgical procedure before in the past? [Speaker 2]: No. I haven't [Speaker 1]: None at all? [Speaker 2]: None at all [Speaker 1]: Ok. And this pain was it, when, what sort of food that makes the pain worse for you? What kind of food or is it, do you feel thesame pain when you take all sorts of food? Is it worse when you take solids and less painful when it is liquid? Or is generally all kind of food? [Speaker 2]: Is painful whenever i am trying to swallow like swallow anything at all even my saliva. But it is worse when i am like trying to swallow solid food [Speaker 1]: Ok. I am sorry about how you are feeling [Speaker 2]: Ok. Thank you doctor [Speaker 1]: Ok. I will write some test for you [Speaker 2]: Ok [Speaker 1]: And then after the test we will see if you need to have a CT scan or i dunno. I think you are having goiter. How about you solid intake? Do you take alot of solid? [Speaker 2]: Not really. Just normal food when i am cooking [Speaker 1]: Ok. And do you eat alot of fruits and vegetable? [Speaker 2]: Yes [Speaker 1]: Ok. So from now i will write down some test for i will also give you some pain killers to help you relieve the pain while we wait for the result [Speaker 2]: Thank you doctor [Speaker 1]: Once again sorry for experiencing this pain [Speaker 2]: Thank you soo much doctor [Speaker 1]: It will be handled. You just need to come to. Just need to make a diagnosis for you and everything you carried. Nothing to worry about so don't worry [Speaker 2]: Thank you soo much for your care [Speaker 1]: You are soo welcome miss chidinma [Speaker 2]: Have a nice day [Speaker 1]: And you too [Speaker 1]: alright thank you",medical,941.9339909,19-25,Hausa,NG data/46aacf84-fdd1-490b-a857-633d2e7763a0_7d4de4c9d3488a4bbd35634cbd3a2b66_l1RjPEwA.wav,"[Speaker 1]: Male or a female? [Speaker 2]: A male [Speaker 1]: How old are you? [Speaker 2]: I am 65 years old [Speaker 1]: Hope you don't mind if i address you as mr emeka [Speaker 2]: I don't mind [Speaker 1]: Ok. Thank you very much. So what brought you to the clinic today? [Speaker 2]: I am having difficulty in urinating [Speaker 1]: Ok. You have been having difficulty in urinating. For how long has this been? [Speaker 2]: It has started for two weeks [Speaker 1]: You have been having difficulty in urinating for two weeks? [Speaker 2]: Yes [Speaker 1]: Did it started gradually? Or [Speaker 2]: It was gradual in onset [Speaker 1]: Ok. It was gradual in onset. Has it been constant? Has it always been there or it just comes and goes? Or you feel this within a particular period of the day? [Speaker 2]: I think it goes bad of recent. It was not constant before but now it is constant [Speaker 1]: Ok. Thank you very much. Is this pain while urinating associated with a burning sensation? [Speaker 2]: Is not associated with pain or a burning sensation [Speaker 1]: Ok. It is not associated with any pain or a burning sensation? [Speaker 2]: Yes. It is not [Speaker 1]: Do you feel urgency to urinate? [Speaker 2]: Yes. I feel urgency to urinate [Speaker 1]: And then are you able to pass out this urine when you feel this urgency to urinate? [Speaker 2]: I am unable to pass out urine [Speaker 1]: Ok. Do you feel frequent urination? The urge to always go to the toilet? [Speaker 2]: Yes. I am always visiting the toilet especially in the night. [Speaker 1]: Ok. Nocturia, you always visit the toilet in the night? [Speaker 2]: Yes, at morning. At night, at night [Speaker 1]: Like how many times do you urinate in the night? [Speaker 2]: It is very frequent. I can't tell [Speaker 1]: More than you used to before? [Speaker 2]: Yes. It's more than the usual two times to zero times i usually use the toilet but now it's about five times [Speaker 1]: Do you straint in urinate? [Speaker 2]: Yes. I strain alot and my urine dripples [Speaker 1]: Ok. It dripples? [Speaker 2]: Yeah. After urination [Speaker 1]: May i know if there is blood in the urine? [Speaker 2]: There's no blood in this urine. There's no fever. I don't have fever [Speaker 1]: Is there pause? [Speaker 2]: There's no pause oo [Speaker 1]: Do you have lower abdominal pain? [Speaker 2]: I don't have abdominal pain [Speaker 1]: Ok. Thank you very much. Is there a history of trauma? Or recent catherization or urethra instrumentation? [Speaker 2]: No. There's not [Speaker 1]: There's not history of trauma or catherization? [Speaker 2]: I do not have any history of that [Speaker 1]: Ok. Thank you very much. Are you a main hypertensive patient? Are you hypertensive? [Speaker 2]: Yes. I have been hypertensive for 10 years now [Speaker 1]: Ok. You have been hypertensive for 10 years. How do you know that you are hypertensive? [Speaker 2]: I was told at the hospital that i was diagnosed there [Speaker 1]: You were diagnosed in a hospital 10 years ago? [Speaker 2]: Yes [Speaker 1]: And you have been on medications? [Speaker 2]: Yes. It has been controlled by medications [Speaker 1]: Ok. Thank you very much. How about diabetic? Are you diabetic? [Speaker 2]: No. I am not diabetic [Speaker 1]: You are not diabetic. Ok. Is there a family history of similar condition? Is there anyone in your family that has similar condition? [Speaker 2]: Yeah. I can remember my dad have similar condition when he was old [Speaker 1]: When he was old? What exactly was the problem? Did he also feel pain while trying to urinate? [Speaker 2]: He has some urinal problem i can tell exactly. I was young at that time [Speaker 1]: Ok. Thank you very much. Are you a smoker? [Speaker 2]: I don't smoke [Speaker 1]: Do you take alcohol? [Speaker 2]: Yeah. I consume alcohol occasionally [Speaker 1]: Do you take any recreational drugs substance abuse? [Speaker 2]: No [Speaker 1]: Thank you very much. Are you on your hypertensive agents? [Speaker 2]: Yes. I am on some drugs they give me to control the hypertension [Speaker 1]: Can you tell me the name of the drug you are on? [Speaker 2]: amlodepine [Speaker 1]: Ok. You are on amlodepine? Is there any drug you are on? [Speaker 2]: I am not on any other. They give me just that one [Speaker 1]: Ok. Thank you very much. Do you have any other allergies? Do you have, are you allergic to any drug or medication? [Speaker 2]: I am not [Speaker 1]: Ok. Thank you very much",medical,247.1079819,19-25,Hausa,NG data/4fc2c19e-de60-4be0-91b5-7870f60f2d99_4f72189a5c5e29dd6caa06214423b231_N96VXtHf.wav,"00:02:02 [Speaker 1]: So, What brought you here today? 00:04:99 00:06:100 [Speaker 2]: Doctor, I have been having shortness of breath, and I have been feeling fatigue for the past two weeks. The pain is just so much; you know how bad it is when you are struggling with your breath. Then another thing is fatigue. The fatigue is just constant, it never goes, it doesn't want to go. 00:32:98 00:34:99 [Speaker 1]: Okay, So can you tell me more about it? 00:37:03 00:37:98 [Speaker 2]: When it starts, it feels as if I am, I am looking for my breath, as in, as in I am gasping for my breath, like something is choking me, as if I am going to die the next minute and it actually started small gradually. 00:57:99 00:59:01 [Speaker 1]: Okay. I will be asking you few more questions about that. You said shortness of breath started gradually. Can you explain on the fatigue, Is there any thing you do that makes it worse? 01:12:00 01:12:98 [Speaker 2]: Yes Doctor. The fatigue is just constant. It doesn't go at all and it doesn't matter what I do, it will still be there and it doesn't even have any time that it use to come. I always feel the same way morning, afternoon and night. The thing is just there. 01:36:02 01:38:99 [Speaker 1]: Okay, Is there any other symptoms you get, like chest pain, palpitation, dizziness, or fainting? 01:44:00 01:45:02 [Speaker 2]: No, not at all, just cough. 01:53:01 01:54:98 [Speaker 1]: Okay, When the cough comes, How long does it last? Does it come during the day or at night? At what time does it normally come? 02:02:03 02:04:01 [Speaker 2]: The truth is that the cough comes, it comes on its own, but mostly, it used to come at night. It used to disturb me well at night. 02:17:00 02:18:99 [Speaker 1]: Okay, Is there any other thing that makes the shortness of breath worse? Like standing up, lying flat, exertion? Do you feel relieved by any of those things? 02:29:98 02:31:04 [Speaker 2]: Yes, yes it's worse on exertion and even when I'm lying flat. But, but whenever I shift like this and sit down, sit up, I will feel better. The thing will no longer be disturbing me that much again. So I think its better when I'm sitting up. 02:55:01 02:56:98 [Speaker 1]: Okay, on a scale of 1-10, Can you describe how bad it is? 03:01:02 03:02:100 [Speaker 2]: I would say 10 Doc. 10 03:06:01 03:07:01 [Speaker 1]: Okay, What do you think could be causing this? 03:09:99 03:12:03 [Speaker 2]: I don't know. I really don't know. 03:15:02 03:18:01 [Speaker 1]: Are you worried about it? 03:19:99 03:22:04 [Speaker 2]: I am really scared, I am afraid because my father died of stroke. I am scared. 03:29:02 03:30:99 [Speaker 1]: I am sorry to hear about that. It must have been very difficult. Is there any thing you think I can help you do today? 03:40:02 03:42:02 [Speaker 2]: Doc, You have so many things to for me because I want to feel better. I just want you to tell me that I will be fine and you would do everything in your power to make sure that I am fine. 03:57:100 03:58:99 [Speaker 1]: okay, if I heard you correctly, you said you've been having shortness of breath, and you've been feeling fatigued for the past two weeks. Okay, you said when it starts, you start gasping for breath, like something is choking you as if you are going to die today or tomorrow, and it started gradually. Okay, I have few more questions to ask on your symptoms. Any pain or swelling in your legs or abdomen? Is there any cough, or like dry cough? 04:36:100 04:39:00 [Speaker 2]: Yes, my legs are swollen, they are swelling up, even my abdomen, they are swelling up too and that cough I told you about that time, its dry cough. 04:58:01 04:59:98 [Speaker 1]: Do you have any other medical conditions? 05:01:98 05:03:02 [Speaker 2]: Yes, I do. I was diagnosed of hypertension. That should be 10 years ago and I didn't really manage it very well. It was poorly, very poorly controlled. 05:23:02 05:25:99 [Speaker 1]: Are you allergic to any drugs? 05:28:01 05:29:02 [Speaker 2]: No, not one that I know of. I am not. 05:35:98 05:36:100 [Speaker 1]: You mentioned that your father had a stroke. How old was he when he died? 05:42:03 05:44:98 [Speaker 2]: My father, was 60 years old when he died of a stroke. 05:51:02 05:54:99 [Speaker 1]: Any other medical problem that runs in your family? 05:57:100 05:59:00 [Speaker 2]:Yes, my mother has diabetes. she has diabetes. 06:06:99 06:07:98 [Speaker 1]: Okay, if I heard you correctly, you said , ok you said you have swellings in your legs and abdomen if I heard you correctly and your cough is very dry and you are diagnosed of hypertension last 10 years and it was poorly controlled and you also said your father had a stroke and died at 60 years, and you also said your mom is diabetic. Okay, I'm going to ask you a few more questions about yourself if you don't mind. 06:49:00 06:50:04 [Speaker 2]: okay 06:51:02 06:52:100 [Speaker 1]: Do you smoke? 06:53:02 06:55:02 [Speaker 2]: Yes I do, I smoke very well, very very well. 07:02:99 07:03:02 [Speaker 1]: Okay, how many do you smoke, like in a day, how often do you do it? Do you do it every day? 07:10:01 07:12:02 [Speaker 2]: Doctor, I smoke very well. I smoke like one pack of cigar every day, and I have done this for the, for thirty years now. 07:25:99 07:26:100 [Speaker 1]: All right, do you drink alcohol? 07:30:00 07:30:03 [Speaker 2]: yes, I do, I drink 07:33:02 07:34:98 [Speaker 1]: Okay, how many do you drink, like, how often do you drink? 07:40:98 07:42:04 [Speaker 2]:I drink once in a while, its not every time. like when I go out to party with my, with some of my colleagues them, I use to drink like one or sometimes two. 07:56:99 07:57:100 [Speaker 1]: Okay, that means you prefer to smoke more than to drink? 08:01:00 08:01:98 [Speaker 2]: Yes, Doctor. 08:03:04 08:04:03 [Speaker 1]: Okay, do you take any recreational drugs? 08:09:04 08:09:03 [Speaker 2]: No, I don't, I can not. 08:12:00 08:15:01 [Speaker 1]: Okay, do you live by yourself? What I mean is, do you stay only you? 08:21:98 08:22:100 [Speaker 2]: No, doctor. I stay with my family, I stay with my wife and my daughter. 08:29:02 08:30:100 [Speaker 1]: Okay, your daughter of how many years, of how old? 08:34:02 08:35:98 [Speaker 2]: My daughter is just ten years old. 08:38:04 08:40:02 [Speaker 1]: Okay, Have you traveled abroad recently? 08:43:98 08:45:01 [Speaker 2]: No I've not traveled, I have been around for a while now. 08:51:01 08:53:00 [Speaker 1]: Okay, I'm going to go through what we've discussed so that anything I said and it wasn't what you said, you now let me know. At first, you said you are having shortness of breath, and you are feeling fatigued for the past two weeks, and the pain is just too much on you, the pain is just too much on you, and you do struggle with your breath, and the fatigue is constant. Okay, like something is choking you like you are going to die in next minute, and you said that it started gradually. Okay, like both in the morning, afternoon, and night, the fatigue is constant, and you said the shortness of breath is usually worse, like when you are lying and doing exertion, and on a scale of 10 and you also said your father died of stroke at 60 years. You said you have pain and swelling in your legs and abdomen, and your cough is usually dry; you also said your mom is diabetic. Okay, and you are hypertensive. Okay, and you do smoke and drink alcohol, too, but you smoke more than alcohol. And you don't take any recreational drugs. Okay, I just want to let you know that all these questions are as relevant as treatment. From the questions, we get the symptoms, and then we know the next step to follow. Okay, and you live with your wife and your daughter of ten years. Okay, you don't live alone, and you've never traveled abroad.",medical,685.3249887,19-25,Idoma,NG data/5b8a8e4c-7463-47c4-858f-5cd8dd278d42_4fd457aa21e139df63ec3e22e3254b43_30xNAOAD.wav,"00:00:02 [Speaker 1]: Alright thank you very much. 00:01:02 00:01:04 [Speaker 2]: You're welcome. 00:02:02 00:02:02 [Speaker 1]: Sir I have a few questions to ask you, you said your name was what? 00:04:05 00:05:01 [Speaker 2]: Johnny Doubra. 00:06:01 00:06:02 [Speaker 1]: Alright how old are you? 00:07:02 00:07:04 [Speaker 2]: I'm 35 years old. 00:08:04 00:09:00 [Speaker 1]: Ok, please what brought you to the hospital today? 00:11:05 00:12:04 [Speaker 2]: Ok, I have been having severe headache and confusion for about 2 days time, 2 days duration now. 00:17:100 00:18:03 [Speaker 1]: 2 days? 00:19:00 00:19:01 [Speaker 2]: Yes ma. 00:19:04 00:19:04 [Speaker 1]: Alright, so the headache, how did it start? 00:23:99 00:25:02 [Speaker 2]: It started suddenly. 00:25:100 00:26:03 [Speaker 1]: Ok. 00:26:100 00:27:02 [Speaker 2]: Yes. 00:27:03 00:27:03 [Speaker 1]: Was there any trauma or you just dey, like did you fall? Did you hit your head? Or something? 00:32:100 00:33:03 [Speaker 2]: I had a fall 2 days ago. 00:34:05 00:35:00 [Speaker 1]: You had a fall 2 days ago? 00:36:03 00:36:03 [Speaker 2]: Yes ma. 00:36:99 00:37:00 [Speaker 1]: Ok so the headache, is it every time you feel it or it goes and comes? 00:40:03 00:41:00 [Speaker 2]: Its there, its constant. 00:42:00 00:42:02 [Speaker 1]: Its constant right? 00:43:02 00:43:02 [Speaker 2]: Yes. 00:43:03 00:43:04 [Speaker 1]: So the headache can you describe it? Is it dull? Is it hard? Is it aching? Is it throbbing? What kind of headache is it? 00:49:02 00:49:04 [Speaker 2]: Ok, I will say is throbbing. 00:50:05 00:51:01 [Speaker 1]: Ok. 00:51:04 00:51:04 [Speaker 2]: Yes. 00:52:00 00:52:04 [Speaker 1]: And on a scale of 1-10, how severe is the headache? 00:56:03 00:57:01 [Speaker 2]: I will go with 9. 00:58:03 00:58:99 [Speaker 1]: 9? 00:59:01 00:59:03 [Speaker 2]: Yes. 00:59:04 00:59:04 [Speaker 1]: Alright, so have you tried taking like any medications for this thing? 01:04:03 01:05:02 [Speaker 2]: Yes, I have, I bought some drugs over the counter but have not relieved the headache. 01:08:04 01:09:02 [Speaker 1]: It has not relieved? 01:10:00 01:10:02 [Speaker 2]: The headache. 01:10:04 01:10:100 [Speaker 1]: Ok, sorry about that. 01:12:00 01:12:02 [Speaker 2]: Thank you. 01:12:04 01:12:99 [Speaker 1]: You also complained about confusion, you said you have been confused, this confusion when did it start? 01:20:01 01:20:05 [Speaker 2]: It started few hours after the fall and has been worsening so far. 01:24:03 01:24:99 [Speaker 1]: It has been worsening? 01:25:100 01:26:01 [Speaker 2]: Yes. 01:26:03 01:26:03 [Speaker 1]: Really? 01:26:05 01:27:01 [Speaker 2]: Yes. 01:27:02 01:27:02 [Speaker 1]: Ok so sorry, so, the confusion have you noticed that there's like, there's any loss of consciousness? Did you faint? Did you skip at any point in time? 01:38:04 01:39:02 [Speaker 2]: No I have not loss consciousness. 01:40:01 01:40:03 [Speaker 1]: You've not, alright, is there any vomiting? 01:46:05 01:47:03 [Speaker 2]: No, no vomiting. 01:48:03 01:48:05 [Speaker 1]: There's no vomiting at all? Ok, have you had any seizure? 01:54:03 01:54:05 [Speaker 2]: No, none. 01:55:02 01:56:02 [Speaker 1]: Ok do you feel like your limbs are weak? 01:59:01 01:59:03 [Speaker 2]: No, no weakness. 02:00:04 02:00:100 [Speaker 1]: Alright, did you at any point before this whole thing occurred, did you at any point drink alcohol or use drug before you fell? 02:09:01 02:09:03 [Speaker 2]: No I did not. 02:10:03 02:10:99 [Speaker 1]: Alright thank you very much. So sir, has this ever happened to you before? Have you ever have this kind of fall before? 02:17:04 02:17:05 [Speaker 2]: No, I've not 02:18:01 02:18:04 [Speaker 1]: Ok, have you ever had any head injury before now? 02:21:100 02:22:00 [Speaker 2]: No I've not. 02:22:04 02:22:05 [Speaker 1]: Do you have any neurological disease like epilepsy? 02:25:04 02:25:05 [Speaker 2]: No. 02:25:100 02:26:02 [Speaker 1]: You don't? Ok, have you had any surgeries before? 02:29:02 02:29:04 [Speaker 2]: No I've not. 02:30:02 02:30:02 [Speaker 1]: Have you ever been admitted in the past? 02:31:04 02:32:05 [Speaker 2]: No. 02:32:00 02:32:03 [Speaker 1]: Ok, In your family, is there any similar illness like this? This same thing you are experiencing? 02:38:100 02:38:100 [Speaker 2]: No none. 02:39:03 02:39:100 [Speaker 1]: Alright. 02:40:03 02:40:100 [Speaker 2]: Yes. 02:41:00 02:41:99 [Speaker 1]: Do you smoke? 02:44:04 02:45:01 [Speaker 2]: No I don't. 02:45:04 02:46:01 [Speaker 1]: Ok do you drink? 02:46:04 02:47:01 [Speaker 2]: No. 02:47:02 02:49:04 [Speaker 1]: You don't drink at all? Even if it is once in a while? 02:52:02 02:52:99 [Speaker 2]: Ok, I take alcohol occasionally, but I won't say I'm a drinker, but I drink it occasionally. 02:57:05 02:58:02 [Speaker 1]: So what do you do for work? 02:59:04 03:00:03 [Speaker 2]: I work as a construction worker 03:02:01 03:02:99 [Speaker 1]: Works as a construction worker? 03:04:05 03:04:00 [Speaker 2]: Yes. 03:04:01 03:05:00 [Speaker 1]: So, do you have any allergy? Like do you know you are allergic to this drug, that if you take it, you will start feeling somehow? 03:11:99 03:12:01 [Speaker 2]: No I don't, I don't think so. 03:13:100 03:14:02 [Speaker 1]: Alright, thank you very much. 03:15:03 03:15:04 [Speaker 2]: You are welcome 03:16:02",medical,198.6140136,19-25,Isoko,NG data/63e6abb7-2d8e-4df3-a52e-8e09aea762c6_0d2e6ebf48e7196f5ab076e05d590ad9_5epxs3QR.wav,"00:00:00 [Speaker 1]: Alright welcome to the clinic today. So what brought you to the hospital today? 00:08:98 [Speaker 2]: Fatigue and my skin and eye have been getting yellow for the past two weeks 00:18:99 [Speaker 1]: Alright. This fatigue you were persistently getting tired right? Yes. 00:25:02 [Speaker 2]: Yes 00:26:99 [Speaker 1]: How long had it been? 00:29:98 [Speaker 2]: For two weeks 00:31:02 [Speaker 1]: Ok. Did it happen? Did it started suddenly or you were noticing it starting gradually? 00:37:100 [Speaker 2]: It was gradual 00:42:00 [Speaker 1]: Ok. So is it present at all time of the day? Is it constant? 00:45:99 [Speaker 2]: Yes. It is 00:47:98 [Speaker 1]: Ok. Have you notice that maybe it gets better when you rest or take a nap? Or something? 00:53:02 [Speaker 2]: No, not at all 00:55:01 [Speaker 1]: Ok. Then the yellow of your skin and eye is. Where it noticed by you first? Or it was noticed by others? 01:03:98 [Speaker 2]: I was told by others 01:05:02 [Speaker 1]: Ok. Has it been coming and going? Or you noticed it is constant? 01:09:97 [Speaker 2]: It has always been constant 01:11:02 [Speaker 1]: Ok. Have you noticed any change in your appetite so far? 01:16:00 [Speaker 2]: No 01:17:02 [Speaker 1]: You didn't notice any change in your appetite? 01:20:00 [Speaker 2]: Ok. Yeah, i do. I have noticed 01:23:01 [Speaker 1]: What change? 01:26:02 [Speaker 2]: Fever 01:28:02 [Speaker 1]: Have you had any loss of appetite? That's what i mean 01:32:02 [Speaker 2]: Ok. Yes 01:34:01 [Speaker 1]: How about any weight loss? or 01:37:97 [Speaker 2]: Yes 01:39:02 [Speaker 1]: You have noticed weight loss? 01:39:99 [Speaker 2]: Yes 01:41:97 [Speaker 1]: Ok. Have you? You said you noticed fever or you had fever? No fever? 01:47:97 [Speaker 2]: No fever 01:48:97 [Speaker 1]: How about cough? 01:49:99 [Speaker 2]: No 01:49:99 [Speaker 1]: Have you had? Have you been vomiting? 01:54:00 [Speaker 2]: No 01:54:00 [Speaker 1]: No chest pain? 01:56:99 [Speaker 2]: No 01:56:99 [Speaker 1]: Abdominal pain? 01:59:02 [Speaker 2]: No 01:59:02 [Speaker 1]: Have there been any change in your stool? Have you noticed any change in your stool? The frequency or the color of your stool? 02:08:02 [Speaker 2]: No. I didn't notice any change 02:10:98 [Speaker 1]: How about your urine? 02:12:01 [Speaker 2]: No also 02:13:02 [Speaker 1]: Have you had any blood transfusion recently? 02:17:02 [Speaker 2]: No. I have not 02:18:97 [Speaker 1]: Or have you used any intravenous drugs? Any drugs that was administered via your veins? 02:24:100 [Speaker 2]: No 02:26:98 [Speaker 1]: Ok. Have you had? Have you come in contact with anyone that has this type of symptoms? Like yellow of the eye and been persistently fatigue? 02:37:100 [Speaker 2]: No. I have not 02:39:98 [Speaker 1]: Ok. So have you been admitted in the past before? 02:44:02 [Speaker 2]: I have not 02:45:99 [Speaker 1]: Have you had any surgeries before? 02:50:98 [Speaker 2]: No. 02:50:98 [Speaker 1]: You haven't, Ok. So do you have hypertension? Do you have epilepsy, Asthma, Diabetes? 02:59:97 [Speaker 2]: No doctor 03:00:99 [Speaker 1]: Sickle cell or peptic ulcer disease? 03:03:02 [Speaker 2]: I don't 03:04:98 [Speaker 1]: Have you had any surgeries in the past? 03:08:03 [Speaker 2]: I have not had any surgeries in the past at all 03:10:99 [Speaker 1]: Ok. How about in your family, these diseases i mentioned. Is there anyone in your family that has them? 03:18:100 [Speaker 2]: No. But father has liver disease 03:25:98 [Speaker 1]: Ok. So do you drink alcohol? 03:29:98 [Speaker 2]: Yes. I drink alcohol in a regular days like 5-6 beers everyday for like 20 years now 03:38:100 [Speaker 1]: Ok. You take 5-6 bottles? 03:41:97 [Speaker 2]: Yes. But i did not smoke 03:45:01 [Speaker 1]: I have not even gotten to that. But Ok that's fine. You don't smoke, alright . Are you on any drugs currently that you have to take regularly? Like everyday? That was prescribed by the doctor 03:57:98 [Speaker 2]: No. I am not on any drugs 03:59:97 [Speaker 1]: Ok. So is there any drug that you use to take that you noticed you have an adverse reaction to the drug? 04:07:97 [Speaker 2]: No 04:09:02 [Speaker 1]: Ok. what about any food that you take and then you have adverse reaction? 04:17:98 [Speaker 2]: There's not any food 04:21:00 [Speaker 1]: Ok. So basically you are telling me you don't have any allergies to whatsoever? 04:26:00 [Speaker 2]: No. I do not 04:27:98 [Speaker 1]: Alright. So no problem. Is a good thing to come to the hospital. So haven't taken your history would examine you and then after that we are going to run some investigations that will guide us in our diagnosis and then we will know what to do from there 04:51:100 [Speaker 2]: Ok doctor. Thank you 04:54:00 [Speaker 1]: Alright. Thank you",medical,295.6119955,19-25,Hausa,NG data/656c42a7-6faa-4486-979f-6f64769bd221_16c6c38b9eae46a16127fcd32ee408a2_Rwa2DJRz.wav,"00:00:00 [Speaker 2]: Yes please. You have my consent 00:01:100 [Speaker 1]: How old are you? 00:03:00 [Speaker 2]: I am 35 years 00:05:96 [Speaker 1]: Are you a male or a female? 00:06:01 [Speaker 2]: I am a female 00:07:100 [Speaker 1]: Ok. May i know what brought you to the hospital today? 00:10:100 [Speaker 2]: Alright. Thank you very much doctor. Well, i have been having difficulty in hearing and i have also been having some ear discomfort now 00:19:01 [Speaker 1]: For how long has this been for? 00:21:96 [Speaker 2]: Both of two days duration 00:23:01 [Speaker 1]: Ok. May i know the difficulty in hearing and ear discomfort. Which of them started first? 00:29:98 [Speaker 2]: The difficulty in hearing started first 00:32:97 [Speaker 1]: Ok. The difficulty in hearing was it gradual in onset or was it sudden in onset? 00:36:99 [Speaker 2]: Well, this difficulty in hearing i will say it was gradual in onset 00:43:96 [Speaker 1]: Ok. May i know the two ears are involved and is it pronounce in one of the ears? 00:49:99 [Speaker 2]: It actually worse. It is more pronounce in my right ear 00:53:98 [Speaker 1]: Ok. Is that your ear discomfort? Can you like kind of describe it for me? 00:59:97 [Speaker 2]: Ok. Well, i have this feeling of fullness and pressure. There is this feeling of fullness and pressure in the ear 01:07:01 [Speaker 1]: Ok. Is the discomfort like sharp or stabbing? 01:11:96 [Speaker 2]: No. It is not sharp or stabbing. it is not 01:13:98 [Speaker 1]: Ok. Is there any associated ear discharge? 01:16:97 [Speaker 2]: No. I have not notice any discharge from my ears or any form of it 01:20:01 [Speaker 1]: Are you bleeding? 01:20:01 [Speaker 2]: No, not at all 01:21:100 [Speaker 1]: Ok. How about is there any associated dizziness? 01:26:99 [Speaker 2]: No. I have not notice any association of dizziness 01:29:01 [Speaker 1]: Are you having any balance issues? 01:31:01 [Speaker 2]: No. None i can remember of 01:33:97 [Speaker 1]: Have you been recently expose to loud noises? 01:36:97 [Speaker 2]: No. No history of any loud exposure or noises 01:40:96 [Speaker 1]: How about trauma to the ear? 01:42:00 [Speaker 2]: Trauma to my ears? No. None i can remember of 01:44:100 [Speaker 1]: Did you recently go swimming? 01:49:98 [Speaker 2]: No. I don't recall going for swimming anytime 01:52:96 [Speaker 1]: How about been exposed to water? 01:54:98 [Speaker 2]: No, not at all 01:56:99 [Speaker 1]: Do you have any history of ear infection? 01:59:97 [Speaker 2]: No. I have not had any history of any ear infection 02:01:99 [Speaker 1]: Have you had any ear surgery? 02:03:99 [Speaker 2]: No, not at all 02:05:97 [Speaker 1]: Ok. Is there any history of chronic ear disease or surgery? Like previous history of that? 02:12:98 [Speaker 2]: No. No chronic ear disease or surgery 02:15:00 [Speaker 1]: Do you have hypertension? 02:18:98 [Speaker 2]: No. No. No 02:19:99 [Speaker 1]: Epilepsy? 02:20:99 [Speaker 2]: Not at all 02:22:01 [Speaker 1]: Asthma? 02:22:01 [Speaker 2]: Not at all 02:24:96 [Speaker 1]: Diabetes? 02:25:97 [Speaker 2]: None i can remember of 02:26:98 [Speaker 1]: Sickle cell disease? 02:27:98 [Speaker 2]: No, not at all 02:29:97 [Speaker 1]: Ok. Have you been admitted in the past? 02:32:96 [Speaker 2]: No. I have not had any hospital admission 02:34:97 [Speaker 1]: Have you been blood tranfused in the past? 02:36:97 [Speaker 2]: No. None i can remember of 02:39:01 [Speaker 1]: Ok. Have you had any previous surgeries in the past? 02:42:01 [Speaker 2]: No. No previous surgeries 02:43:99 [Speaker 1]: Do you have a family history of hearing loss or ear diseases? 02:47:98 [Speaker 2]: Not at all doctor 02:49:99 [Speaker 1]: Do you smoke? 02:51:01 [Speaker 2]: Smoke? No, i don't smoke 02:52:98 [Speaker 1]: Do you take any other tobacco containing substance? 02:55:00 [Speaker 2]: No, not at all 02:56:96 [Speaker 1]: Ok. Do you consume alcohol? 02:59:96 [Speaker 2]: Occasionally, i do consume alcohol 03:01:97 [Speaker 1]: Are you on recreational drug? 03:04:01 [Speaker 2]: Not at all 03:04:99 [Speaker 1]: May i know what you work as? 03:06:99 [Speaker 2]: Well, i teach in a secondary school. I work as a school teacher 03:11:96 [Speaker 1]: Ok. Are you on any prescribe medication? 03:14:96 [Speaker 2]: Not at all 03:16:100 [Speaker 1]: Are you aware of any drug or food allergies? 03:20:96 [Speaker 2]: I know i have none 03:22:00 [Speaker 1]: Thank you for the information 03:23:97 [Speaker 2]: You are welcome """,medical,204.4380045,19-25,Hausa,NG data/68f2adb6-06ab-46a6-9de6-395d89c2e1a3_669d1b747d43397b4e74beb9f79394ac_se7d20Dy.wav,"00:00:00 [Speaker 1]: Alright, Can I confirm your age and gender, please? 00:04:01 [Speaker 2]: I am a female and 35 years old. 00:07:97 [Speaker 1]: Okay. So, what brought you to our hospital today? 00:12:01 [Speaker 2]: I have been experiencing pain and swelling in my left leg, It started about two weeks ago and the pain has been constant. 00:20:01 [Speaker 1]: Sorry about that. 00:21:98 [Speaker 2]: Thank you, Doctor. 00:22:98 [Speaker 1]: So, about the pain, Did the pain start suddenly or gradually? 00:28:96 [Speaker 2]: It started gradually. 00:31:02 [Speaker 1]: So, on a scale of 0-10, 0 being no pain at all and 10 being the worst pain ever, How severe is the pain, and how would you rate the pain? 00:41:98 [Speaker 2]: About 8 out of 10 in severity. 00:45:02 [Speaker 1]: That means you are feeling pain. Sorry about that. 00:49:98 [Speaker 2]: Thank you, Doctor. 00:50:98 [Speaker 1]: So, Is the pain radiating? Is it moving to any other part of the leg or body? 00:56:00 [Speaker 2]: No, Doctor. The only thing is that the swelling and pain are in the same area. They are both localized to my left lower leg, and the swelling is gradually increasing in size. 01:11:96 [Speaker 1]: Have you noticed any other symptoms along with the pain and swelling? 01:16:98 [Speaker 2]: Yes, I've been having a high-grade fever, especially at night. It's been coming and going. 01:24:98 [Speaker 1]: Okay, Have you experienced any recent injury to your leg or traveled anywhere recently? 01:31:98 [Speaker 2]: No, There haven't been any injuries, and I haven't traveled anywhere recently. 01:37:100 [Speaker 1]: Okay, Have you tried taking any over-the-counter pain medications for relief? 01:43:99 [Speaker 2]: Yes, I have tried, but they haven't helped much. 01:48:01 [Speaker 1]: Sorry about that. 01:49:97 [Speaker 2]: Thank you. 01:50:99 [Speaker 1]: So, have you experienced any numbness or tingling in your left leg? 01:56:96 [Speaker 2]: Yes, now that you mentioned it, I have felt some tingling sensations. 02:03:01 [Speaker 1]: Okay, Thank you for mentioning that. You know numbness and tingling can be important symptoms to note so that's why I asked you. So, with this along with the pain and swelling, could also indicate nerve involvement or compression. so, we'll definitely take that into consideration when doing our examination. so, Miss Kemi, Lets discuss about your medical history. Have you had any Chronic diseases or surgeries in the past? 02:39:00 [Speaker 2]: No, I haven't had any chronic diseases or surgeries. 02:43:96 [Speaker 1]: What about your family history, any similar illnesses among your relatives? 02:46:99 [Speaker 2]: No, There is no family history of similar illness. 02:50:99 [Speaker 1]: Okay, and in terms of your life style, do you smoke, drink alcohol or use recreational drugs? 03:00:01 [Speaker 2]: I don't smoke, but I do drink alcohol occasionally. I don't use recreational drugs. 03:06:98 [Speaker 1]: Okay, So, are you currently taking any medications, either prescribed or over the counter? Are you currently taking any one right now? 03:14:00 [Speaker 2]: No, I'm not taking any medications. 03:17:00 [Speaker 1]: Okay, so, Do you have any known allergies to medications or food? 03:21:99 [Speaker 2]: No, I don't have any known allergies. 03:24:99 [Speaker 1]: Okay, so As part of our examination, I'll like to ask you some questions about your gynaecological health. Have you noticed any changes in your menstrual cycle recently? 03:39:01 [Speaker 2]: No, my menstrual cycle has been normal. 03:41:98 [Speaker 1]: Okay, Have you had any abnormal vaginal discharge, itching or pain? 03:48:01 [Speaker 2]: No, everything has been normal in that area. 03:50:98 [Speaker 1]: Okay, Noted. Have you ever been pregnant and if so how many times? 03:57:97 [Speaker 2]: yes, I have two children 04:00:96 [Speaker 1]: So, did you have any complications during your pregnancies and deliveries? 04:05:97 [Speaker 2]: No, they were both normal pregnancies and deliveries. 04:09:96 [Speaker 1]: So, have you had any recent gynaecological exams or screenings? 04:13:100 [Speaker 2]: No, I haven't had any recently. 04:16:99 [Speaker 1]: Okay,Have you ever had any gynaecological surgery, such as a hysterectomy or ovarian surgery? 04:26:01 [Speaker 2]: No,I haven't had any gynaecological surgeries. 04:30:01 [Speaker 1]: Okay, okay, have you ever had any sexually transmitted infections? 04:36:98 [Speaker 2]: no, I've never had any STIs. 04:41:00 [Speaker 1]: Okay, okay. Have you been using any form of contraception and if so, Which type? 04:48:100 [Speaker 2]: yes, I've been using condom with my partner. 04:52:100 [Speaker 1]: That's good, that's good. Have you had any pelvic pain unrelated to your menstrual cycle? 04:59:96 [Speaker 2]: No, I haven't had any pelvic pain. 05:02:96 [Speaker 1]: Okay, so thank you Kemi. Based on your responses, your gynaecological health seems to be normal. now lets continue with the examination of your leg. so based on your on our discussion, i'll like to perform a physical examination to better understand what might be causing your symptoms. we'll start by examining your leg, your left leg and checking your temperature. 05:35:01 [Speaker 2]: Okay, Doctor 05:38:00 [Speaker 1]: Okay, so based on your symptoms and examination,it's possible that you have a condition called deep vein thrombosis, which is a blood clot in one of the deep veins in your leg. This can cause pain, swelling and fever especially if the clot breaks loose and travels to your lungs causing a pulmonary embolism. However, we will need to confirm this with some tests, such as an ultrasound of your leg, and we will also check for any signs of infection, such as cellulitis. In the meantime, we are going to prescribe some drugs, some medication to help with the pain and the swelling. so, that's what we're gonna do for now. 06:31:98 [Speaker 2]: Okay sir. thank you, doctor, 06:33:96 [Speaker 1]: okay, so is there anything else you'll like to discuss? 06:37:01 [Speaker 2]: No, Doctor. Thank you for your help. 06:39:98 [Speaker 1]: you are welcome, Kemi. we'll get to the bottom of this together and make sure you are feeling better soon. take care.",medical,406.9829932,19-25,Isoko,NG data/7e832fef-ddde-4f8b-8687-eefcf95fe1ce_ba3a1bcd78571ba00f4abb02c9c3c9eb_l2JY7MdZ.wav,"00:00:00 [Speaker 2]: Ok. Doctor i have been experiencing rectal bleeding for the past two weeks and it is gotten worse. Starting off as a little bit of blood in my stool but now there's quite alot of bright red blood mixed in. I have also had change of this in my bowel cavity, going from regular to alternating between my constipation and diarrhea and i have lost some weight unintentionally and i have been feeling really tired lately 00:36:03 [Speaker 1]: Ok. Giving these symptoms. Can i? I want to start by asking you a few more questions to understand your condition better. First is have you notice any blood on the toilet paper or in the toilet room? 01:02:01 [Speaker 2]: Yes. I definitely notice blood on the toilet paper. Sometimes there's even blood dripping into the toilet after i finished going into the bathroom 01:16:99 [Speaker 1]: Ok. That a significant amount of bleeding. So i want to investigate on this further. So i want to ask you about your diet. Have you notice any changes in your appetite or the food you're eating? 01:35:03 [Speaker 2]: To be honest, my appetite has been i little bit up lately. I have been feeling an unusual. I have been having to force myself to eat sometimes. I haven't really made a big changes to my diet though 01:53:02 [Speaker 1]: Ok. So Thank you for sharing this information. I have a few more questions to ask about your medical history and family history and all. First can you tell me about your past medical history including any surgeries or hospitalizations? 02:21:00 [Speaker 2]: I haven't really had any major surgeries or hospitalizations in the past. I have high blood pressure but it is well controlled with medication 02:33:98 [Speaker 1]: Ok. That's good to hear. And regarding your family history can you tell me about your family history either your mom or your dad? 02:54:03 [Speaker 2]: Regarding my family. My father passed away from colorectal cancer 03:02:02 [Speaker 1]: Ok 03:04:02 [Speaker 2]: That's about it and my mother has breast cancer about 10 years ago but she's been in remission for several years now. I think other than that I can't think of any other illness or cancers that run in my family 03:23:98 [Speaker 1]: Ok. Thank you for sharing that information. So a family history of cancer especially colorectal cancer and breast cancer can increase your risk for developing certain cancers. But now let's talk about your social history. Do you drink or smoke? 03:55:100 [Speaker 2]: I don't smoke and i quit about 10 years ago but i do drink on occasional events 04:06:02 [Speaker 1]: That's great. Quiting smoking can be significantly reduce your of developing several types of cancer. Now let's move on to allergies. Do you have known allergies either to medications or other substance? 04:29:99 [Speaker 2]: No. I don't have any known allergies. I have never had any issues with medication or anything else like that 04:38:01 [Speaker 1]: Ok. Thank you for sharing that information. Now based on your symptoms and family history and social history there are few possible conditions that could be causing these symptoms. One possibility as you mentioned is colorectal cancer and other possibility include inflammatory bowel disease, polyps or hemorrhoids and diverticulosis. To confirm all these conditions i would like to have some test including colonoscopy and blood test 05:21:00 [Speaker 2]: A colonoscopy sounds a bit intimidating. Can you tell me more about what it involves? And what you expect to find? 05:33:98 [Speaker 1]: I understand your concern and i may know a colonoscopy is a procedure where a flexible tube and a camera is inserted through the rectum and into the colon. You know, to examine of the large intestine. So it is very common and safe procedure that is used to screen for and diagnosed for colon and rectum condition. So i expect to find the cause of your symptoms whether it is cancer, polyps or something else. So you see during the colonoscopy if we find any polyps or areas of concern, we can remove small samples of the tissue for further examination. This is known as biopsy. We can also take biopsies of any abnormal looking areas in the colon lining. So to sample will then be sent to a lab for analysis to determine if they are cancerous or benign 06:44:03 [Speaker 2]: What will happen if biopsy result shows that i have cancer doctor? 06:52:02 [Speaker 1]: Ok. Excuse me, if the biopsy results comes back as positive for cancer then we will discuss the best treatment options for you 07:08:98 [Speaker 2]: Thank you for answering all my questions doctor. I feel a bit more informed now but also more nervous about the possibility of a cancer 07:20:01 [Speaker 1]: I understand how you feel but remember that catching any potential issues early can make a big difference. I am here to support you through this process and i will schedule the test and i will take one step at a time. So please don't hesitate to reach out if you have any other questions or concerns 07:45:02 [Speaker 2]: Thank you. I will be waiting for the test result and i appreciate your help 07:50:99 [Speaker 1]: You are very much welcome. So based on my findings from the symptoms you shared and the information shared from the patient. There's rectal bleeding for two weeks worsening over time and change in bowel habit. There's no significant past medical history, Family history and there's also family history of colorectal and breast cancer. There's no current smoking but occasional alcohol consumption and there are no allergies. So the possible diagnosis includes colorectal cancer which is the most likely based on the symptom, family history and also social history and also the second diagnosis could be inflammatory bowel disease which is known as the IBD which is less likely due to lack of abdominal pain or diarrhea."" -1:28:-1-1:28:-1",medical,542.0160091,19-25,Hausa,NG data/818f0aa2-ce0f-4e82-96ee-d66e192a2fca_ec092eb2969184d8ae181c2f71595724_WRLlsKHd.wav,"00:00:98 [Speaker 1]: I'm 45 years old. 00:02:00 00:02:97 [Speaker 2]: Male or Female? 00:03:00 00:03:02 [Speaker 1]: Female. 00:03:98 00:04:97 [Speaker 2]: Okay. Please what brings you here today? 00:06:02 00:07:97 [Speaker 1]: Okay, so overtime I notice I urinate more frequent than usual, and I get more thirsty often. 00:15:99 00:17:98 [Speaker 2]: Okay. so if I heard you correct, you experience frequent urination and excessive thirst. 00:23:00 00:23:01 [Speaker 1]: Yes. 00:23:97 00:23:99 [Speaker 2]: Okay. so how long has this being going on for? 00:26:00 00:27:98 [Speaker 1]: For about 2 weeks now. 00:29:00 00:29:98 [Speaker 2]: Two weeks. Okay, is there a time of the day when this urination is more frequent or does it just happen throughout the day? 00:38:02 00:39:02 [Speaker 1]: From what I've observed, I think it's more frequent at night. 00:42:02 00:43:00 [Speaker 2]: At night, okay. 00:44:99 00:45:98 [Speaker 1]: Like, at night I can urinate like maybe 5 times or 6 before I wake up. 00:50:98 00:50:100 [Speaker 2]: Okay. Tell me more, do you experience any pain or burning sensation while urinating. 00:56:00 00:56:97 [Speaker 1]: No, I do not experience any pain. 00:58:98 00:59:98 [Speaker 2]: Okay. And do you feel tired, Unusually tired? 01:04:98 01:07:01 [Speaker 1]: Yeah, yeah 01:07:98 01:08:97 [Speaker 2]: And this happened within this 2 weeks of frequent urination? 01:12:01 01:12:97 [Speaker 1]: Yes 01:12:99 01:13:01 [Speaker 2]: Okay. Have you lost weight recently 01:15:00 01:16:02 [Speaker 1]: Yes, I've lost about 2kg, from my observation. 01:20:02 01:20:02 [Speaker 2]: Without trying? you are not dieting? 01:22:01 01:22:01 [Speaker 1]: Without trying. I'm not trying to loose weight, I'm not dieting. Just... 01:24:99 01:26:97 [Speaker 2]: Within the past 2 weeks how has your vision been? 01:29:97 01:31:00 [Speaker 1]: There has been no change in my vision actually, my vision is. 01:33:98 01:33:98 [Speaker 2]: It's not blurred? 01:34:97 01:35:02 [Speaker 1]: No, my vision is fine. 01:36:98 01:37:02 [Speaker 2]: Okay. do you feel any sensation in your hands or your feet? 01:41:100 01:43:02 [Speaker 1]: Not at all. 01:43:99 01:44:01 [Speaker 2]: Okay. And have you noticed your injury take longer to heal? 01:50:99 01:52:99 [Speaker 1]: No, I haven't had an injury during that, like within that time frame, so. 01:57:98 01:58:98 [Speaker 2]: Okay, so you can't say. Have you had any skin infection? Have you noticed any skin infection? 02:03:99 02:04:02 [Speaker 1]: No. 02:04:99 02:06:98 [Speaker 2]: And this frequent urination and excessive thirst has it been persistent? 02:11:98 02:12:100 [Speaker 1]: Yes, it has been persistent. 02:14:99 02:15:01 [Speaker 2]: Have you taken any measures to relieve it? 02:18:02 02:21:02 [Speaker 1]: I have not taken any measure to relieve it, because initially I felt maybe it's just, it's nothing serious, over time it would, you know it would stop but. Oh! Except for like, I tried it for like 2 days, where I would drink a lot of water to see if I wouldn't get thirsty quick, and it was just like, there was no difference. 02:42:98 02:43:01 [Speaker 2]: Okay. So even while you increased your intake of water, you still had, you still felt excessively thirsty? 02:50:01 02:50:02 [Speaker 1]: Yes. 02:50:99 02:51:97 [Speaker 2]: Okay. so have you had any previous history of such symptoms. 02:56:97 02:57:00 [Speaker 1]: No. 02:57:98 02:58:01 [Speaker 2]: Any previous surgery? Have you undergone any surgery before? 03:01:01 03:01:01 [Speaker 1]: No, None. 03:01:02 03:01:100 [Speaker 2]: Okay. If I may ask, do any of your family members have history of diabetes? 03:10:01 03:10:99 [Speaker 1]: Oh, my mum had type 2 diabetes. 03:14:01 03:16:03 [Speaker 2]: Type 2 diabetes? 03:16:98 03:16:98 [Speaker 1]: Yes. 03:17:01 03:17:97 [Speaker 2]: Okay, I'll take down that. 03:18:98 03:18:100 [Speaker 2]: So, what's your lifestyle like? What do you do for a living? 03:24:99 03:26:02 [Speaker 1]: I am an accountant, so I'm always like behind the computer, so I don't really do much. I'm not really into exercise and. 03:34:98 03:35:97 [Speaker 2]: So from what you say, is it safe to say you spend most of your time sitting down? 03:41:02 03:41:98 [Speaker 1]: Yes I would say that. 03:42:97 03:43:00 [Speaker 2]: Okay. So what's your diet like? 03:44:99 03:47:98 [Speaker 1]: I don't cook much, so most times I eat like fast food or snacks. Yeah that's what I eat most times. 03:55:98 03:56:02 [Speaker 2]: Okay, do you smoke? 03:59:03 03:59:02 [Speaker 1]: No, I do not smoke. 04:00:97 04:01:01 [Speaker 2]: Do you take alcohol? 04:02:01 04:02:99 [Speaker 1]: Not at all. Okay except, except, except on occasions like special occasions, maybe weddings or something like that. Yeah. 04:10:98 04:11:00 [Speaker 2]: And during the occasions you take alcohol, how much do you consume? 04:16:02 04:18:00 [Speaker 1]: Not much, just little. A glass or 2. 04:20:02 04:21:01 [Speaker 2]: Okay. Are you currently on any prescription drugs? 04:24:98 04:26:02 [Speaker 1]: No, I'm not on any one. 04:26:98 04:27:00 [Speaker 2]: And within this 2 weeks that you've being experiencing frequent urination, were you on any drug? 04:33:00 04:33:98 [Speaker 1]: No. 04:33:100 04:34:98 [Speaker 2]: Any Allergy? 04:35:97 04:36:01 [Speaker 1]: None that I know about. 04:37:02 04:38:97 [Speaker 2]: Okay, Thank you very much for your time. The patient, a 45 year old female complains of frequent urination and excessive thirst which has lasted for 2 weeks, and this frequent urination occurs mostly at night. And the patient complains, says there is no burning sensation or associated pain during urination. My diagnosis is, I suspect the patient has diabetes mellitus specifically type 2 diabetes. The symptoms of frequent urination, excessive thirst, fatigue and unintentional weight loss are classic signs of diabetes. For further diagnosis, I will request a fasting plasma glucose test and a oral glucose tolerance test. 05:33:98",medical,334.2270068,19-25,Isoko,NG data/94009039-0507-492f-8b26-e53d20642089_bdfb3f20b1e579b2e023affebaaeb484_PGBUAHJa.wav,"00:01:00 [Speaker 1]: Good day sir. 00:01:97 00:02:00 [Speaker 2]: Good day ma. 00:02:02 00:02:99 [Speaker 1]: You're welcome to the clinic. Please what, what's what's your name? 00:05:97 00:06:00 [Speaker 2]: My name is John Peter. 00:06:100 00:07:97 [Speaker 1]: How old are you sir? 00:08:01 00:08:100 [Speaker 2]: I'm 45 years old. 00:10:00 00:10:02 [Speaker 1]: Okay. Where do you work? 00:11:01 00:11:99 [Speaker 2]: I work at the construction site. 00:14:98 00:14:100 [Speaker 1]: Are you married? 00:15:98 00:16:01 [Speaker 2]: Yes, I'm married 00:16:100 00:17:00 [Speaker 1]: Where do you live? 00:17:98 00:18:02 [Speaker 2]: At Agudama. 00:19:01 00:19:98 [Speaker 1]: Okay. What tribe are you? 00:20:97 00:20:99 [Speaker 2]: I'm Ijaw. 00:21:02 00:21:99 [Speaker 1]: Are you a Christian? 00:22:98 00:23:00 [Speaker 2]: Yes. 00:23:01 00:23:97 [Speaker 1]: What church do you attend? 00:24:97 00:24:99 [Speaker 2]: Assemblies of God. 00:25:96 00:26:00 [Speaker 1]: Okay. So what brought you to the hospital today? 00:27:100 00:28:97 [Speaker 2]: I've been having pains in my groin and swelling also. 00:31:98 00:32:98 [Speaker 1]: Okay. This pain, when, for how long have you been having this pain and swelling?00:36:99 00:37:01 [Speaker 2]: For two days. 00:37:98 00:38:98 [Speaker 1]: Which of them started first? 00:39:100 00:40:97 [Speaker 2]: They both started together. 00:41:97 00:42:02 [Speaker 1]: Okay. So this pain, how did it start? Did it start suddenly or gradually? 00:46:98 00:47:97 [Speaker 2]: It started suddenly. 00:48:02 00:49:01 [Speaker 1]: Okay. Is it on your right groin or on your left? 00:51:02 00:51:99 [Speaker 2]: On my right groin. 00:52:98 00:53:02 [Speaker 1]: Okay. So how is the pain like? Is it? Can you describe the character of the pain?00:58:98 00:59:02 [Speaker 2]: It's very sharp. 01:00:01 01:00:98 [Speaker 1]: Okay. A sharp pain. Okay. Is the pain radiating to any part of your body? 01:05:99 01:06:02 [Speaker 2]: No. It doesn't radiate to any part of my body. 01:08:02 01:08:97 [Speaker 1]: Okay. Is there anything that worsens the pain? 01:11:00 01:12:01 [Speaker 2]: Yes. Anytime I cough, anytime I lift up heavy objects and when I stand up for long 01:18:01 01:19:02 [Speaker 1]: Okay. Is it relieved by anything? 01:22:97 01:23:01 [Speaker 2]: Yes. When I lie down, it's relieved when I lie down. 01:25:99 01:27:02 [Speaker 1]: Okay. You said the swelling started with the pain? 01:30:100 01:31:99 [Speaker 2]: Yes ma. 01:31:99 01:31:100 [Speaker 1]: Has the swelling increased in size ? 01:33:98 01:35:02 [Speaker 2]: Yes. It has increased. 01:35:97 01:36:98 [Speaker 1]: Okay. Is it painful when you touch it? The swelling? 01:41:97 01:42:99 [Speaker 2]: Yes. It's painful. 01:44:97 01:45:99 [Speaker 1]: Okay. The swelling, does it change in size, does it increase in size when you cough?01:51:01 01:52:96 [Speaker 2]: Yes. It increases when I stand up but when I lie down, it reduces. 01:56:97 01:57:02 [Speaker 1]: Okay. Are you having fever? 01:59:01 01:59:100 [Speaker 2]: No, I don't have fever. 02:00:100 02:01:02 [Speaker 1]: Are you vomiting? 02:01:100 02:02:01 [Speaker 2]: No, I've not vomited. 02:03:97 02:04:00 [Speaker 1]: Okay. This pain has it? The pain and swelling has it affected your day to day activities in any way? 02:10:98 02:11:01 [Speaker 2]: Yes. 02:11:96 02:13:100 [Speaker 1]: Okay. Have you been going to work as you usually do? 02:16:99 02:17:00 [Speaker 2]: No. I've not been going for work since it started. 02:19:00 02:20:01 [Speaker 1]: Okay. Have you done anything? Have you taken any form of medication? Have you gone to the hospital for this pain, before now? 02:26:00 02:26:01 [Speaker 2]: No. I've not actually done anything. I just came here. 02:28:100 02:31:02 [Speaker 1]: Okay sir. Was there any history of trauma to that area? 02:35:98 02:36:02 [Speaker 2]: No, no. There was no trauma. 02:37:97 02:38:97 [Speaker 1]: Okay. Have you lost weight? 02:39:98 02:41:02 [Speaker 2]: No I've not lost weight. 02:41:01 02:41:97 [Speaker 1]: Are you having diarrhoea? 02:42:01 02:42:99 [Speaker 2]: No. 02:43:97 02:43:98 [Speaker 1]: Do you have pain when you pass out urine? 02:45:02 02:45:100 [Speaker 2]: No. 02:46:02 02:47:96 [Speaker 1]: Do you have any changes to your urine colour? 02:52:02 02:52:98 [Speaker 2]: No, no. I don't have any changes. 02:53:99 02:53:99 [Speaker 1]:Any changes to your urine output? 02:55:98 02:56:01 [Speaker 2]:No, I don't have. 02:56:98 [02:57:98 [Speaker 1]:Okay. Is there any yellowness of the eyes? 03:00:98 [03:01:98 [Speaker 2]:No. There is no yellowness of eyes. 03:02:100 03:03:02 [Speaker 1]:Any itching of your body? 03:04:97 03:05:02 [Speaker 2]:No. There's no itching. 03:06:97 03:06:99 [Speaker 1]: Okay. I'm going to be asking you some questions about your past medical history. Are you hypertensive? 03:13:99 03:15:02 [Speaker 2]: Yes, I'm hypertensive. 03:16:99 03:16:100 [Speaker 1]: Okay. When were you diagnosed of hypertension? 03:19:98 03:20:01 [Speaker 2]: I was diagnosed 5 years ago. 03:22:00 03:22:98 [Speaker 1]: Have you been compliant with your drugs? 03:24:01 03:24:97 [Speaker 2]: Yes, yes. I've been taking my drugs. 03:25:100 03:26:97 [Speaker 1]: Okay. Are you epileptic? 03:29:98 03:30:01 [Speaker 2]: No, no. I'm not. 03:31:01 03:31:01 [Speaker 1]: Asthmatic? 03:31:97 03:31:100 [Speaker 2]: No, I'm not. 03:33:02 03:32:97 [Speaker 1]: Do you have diabetes? 03:33:01 03:33:99 [Speaker 2]: No. 03:34:00 03:34:98 [Speaker 1]: What of sickle cell disease? 03:36:02 03:36:97 [Speaker 2]: No, I don't. 03:36:99 03:37:98 [Speaker 1]: Okay. Have you been admitted into the hospital for any illness before in the past?03:42:02 03:42:97 [Speaker 2]: No, no. I've not been admitted. 03:43:98 03:43:98 [Speaker 1]: Have you had any surgery? 03:44:98 03:45:02 [Speaker 2]: No. I've not had any surgery. 03:47:01 03:47:97 [Speaker 1]: Okay. I'm going to be asking you some questions about your family and your personal life. Can I go ahead? 03:53:01 03:53:02 [Speaker 2]: Yes, please. 03:53:99 03:54:02 [Speaker 1]: Okay. So are you? You said you're married? 03:56:97 03:57:02 [Speaker 2]: Yes, I'm married 03:57:98 03:57:100 [Speaker 1]: Okay. How many wives do you have? 03:59:97 04:00:00 [Speaker 2]: Just one. 04:00:02 04:01:97 [Speaker 1]: Okay. How many children? 04:02:01 04:02:99 [Speaker 2]: 3. 04:03:00 04:03:100 [Speaker 1]: Okay. Is there anybody in your family that has hypertension? 04:07:98 04:08:99 [Speaker 2]: No, nobody. 04:09:97 04:09:99 [Speaker 1]: Epilepsy? 04:11:02 04:11:02 [Speaker 2]: No, no, nobody 04:12:00 04:12:00 [Speaker 1]: Asthma? 04:12:96 04:12:100 [Speaker 2]: No, no, no. 04:13:96 04:13:97 [Speaker 1]: Diabetes? 04:14:01 04:14:98 [Speaker 2]: No. 04:14:99 04:15:00 [Speaker 1]: Sickle cell? 04:15:97 04:15:98 [Speaker 2]: No, nobody. 04:17:02 04:17:00 [Speaker 1]: Okay. Is there anybody in your family that has had a hernia? 04:21:02 04:23:02 [Speaker 2]: Yes, my father. 04:23:97 04:24:97 [Speaker 1]: Okay. Have you had a hernia in the past? 04:26:100 04:27:98 [Speaker 2]: No, no, no, I've not. 04:28:97 04:29:02 [Speaker 1]: Okay. Do you smoke? 04:30:97 04:30:100 [Speaker 2]: No. I don't smoke. 04:31:99 04:32:01 [Speaker 1]: Do you take alcohol? 04:32:100 04:34:01 [Speaker 2]: Yes, occasionally. 04:34:100 04:36:01 [Speaker 1]: Occasionally. Okay, like how often? 04:38:00 04:39:00 [Speaker 2]: Maybe, when I go for parties. 04:40:98 04:42:97 [Speaker 1]: Okay. You said you work at a construction site? 04:45:01 04:45:98 [Speaker 2]: Yes. 04:45:99 04:45:99 [Speaker 1]: Can you explain further? Like? 04:47:97 04:48:98 [Speaker 2]: I lift up cement and heavy things. 04:52:02 04:52:02 [Speaker 1]: You lift up heavy weights? 04:53:01 04:53:98 [Speaker 2]: Yes. 04:53:99 04:53:99 [Speaker 1]: At your work place? 04:54:97 04:54:98 [Speaker 2]: Yes, yes. 04:54:100 04:55:02 [Speaker 1]: Okay. Okay. Do you have any drug or any food you're allergic to? 05:01:00 05:01:98 [Speaker 2]: No, no, no, I don't. 05:02:01 05:03:98 [Speaker 1]: Okay. Okay, are you having any joint pains? 05:08:99 05:10:02 [Speaker 2]: No. 05:09:98 05:10:00 [Speaker 1]: Headaches? 05:10:97 05:10:98 [Speaker 2]: No. 05:11:98 05:11:98 [Speaker 1]: Blurred vision? 05:11:100 05:13:02 [Speaker 2]: No. 05:12:98 05:13:97 [Speaker 1]: Any difficulty in hearing? 05:14:98 05:14:100 [Speaker 2]: No, no, no. 05:15:99 05:16:00 [Speaker 1]: Any swelling on any other part of your body? 05:17:98 05:17:100 [Speaker 2]: No, no, no, I don't. 05:18:98 05:19:02 [Speaker 1]: Okay sir. I'll write out some investigations for you which you'll have to do and then you'll come back with the results. 05:26:99 05:28:02 [Speaker 2]: Alright ma. 05:28:00 05:28:00 [Speaker 1]: Okay, thank you very much. 05:28:98 05:29:97 [Speaker 2]: Thank you. 05:30:00",medical,331.5529932,26-40,Urhobo,NG data/95aed576-a1d6-42f3-9651-7103e0717e5e_ebc66944d9bbae56c478a67c823bd63d_pltGUmWQ.wav,"00:00:03 [Speaker 2]: I'm fine and you? 00:01:01 00:01:99 [Speaker 1]: I am very well. Thank you. Peter I will be recording this conversation and I would love to have your consent. May I go on? 00:09:100 00:10:02 [Speaker 2]: Sure! Go ahead. 00:10:99 00:11:02 [Speaker 1]: Ok. Thank you very much Peter. Peter how old are you? 00:14:00 00:14:04 [Speaker 2]: I am 45 years old. 00:15:99 00:16:02 [Speaker 1]: 45? Are you a male or a female? 00:19:00 00:19:03 [Speaker 2]: I'm a male. 00:19:99 00:20:02 [Speaker 1]: A male? Ok. So Peter what brought you to the hospital today? 00:24:00 00:24:03 [Speaker 2]: So earlier today I had a sudden fainting spell. 00:27:03 00:28:02 [Speaker 1]: Today? 00:28:99 00:29:00 [Speaker 2]: Yes. I did. 00:29:98 00:29:99 [Speaker 1]: Ok. Was it in the morning? Did you lose your consciousness? 00:34:02 00:35:02 [Speaker 2]: I just you know had a sudden loss of consciousness earlier today lasted for a few minutes. 00:40:01 00:40:02 [Speaker 1]: Only few minutes? 00:41:00 00:41:01 [Speaker 2]: Yes. 00:41:03 00:41:98 [Speaker 1]: How did you come? 00:44:98 00:44:100 [Speaker 2]: After a while I just regain consciousness without any intervention because nobody was around. 00:49:99 00:50:98 [Speaker 1]: Oh Ok. Ok. Ok. Did you see any warning signs prior to this episode that happened this morning? 00:57:03 00:58:04 [Speaker 2]: No signs that I was aware of. I was very conscious and I didn't see any signs. 01:01:04 01:01:100 [Speaker 1]: Ok. Are you having any chest pain associated to this? 01:05:01 01:05:100 [Speaker 2]: None of that. No chest pain. 01:07:02 01:07:04 [Speaker 1]: No headache too? 01:08:98 01:08:99 [Speaker 2]: No. 01:09:03 01:10:01 [Speaker 1]: How about palpitations? 01:11:02 01:11:99 [Speaker 2]: No. 01:12:00 01:12:02 [Speaker 1]: Shortness of breath? 01:13:02 01:13:03 [Speaker 2]: No. 01:13:99 01:14:00 [Speaker 1]: Nothing of such? 01:14:98 01:15:00 [Speaker 2]: No. 01:15:02 01:15:99 [Speaker 1]: Ok. Have you had any similar episodes like this in the past? 01:20:03 01:20:99 [Speaker 2]: I haven't has any episode. before. 01:22:01 01:22:100 [Speaker 1]: Have you traveled recently? 01:24:03 01:24:98 [Speaker 2]: No. 01:25:00 01:26:01 [Speaker 1]: Have you been exposed to someone with similar symptoms? 01:30:02 01:30:99 [Speaker 2]: None I'm aware of. 01:32:00 01:32:04 [Speaker 1]: Ok. Are you hypertensive? 01:36:00 01:37:01 [Speaker 2]: Actually I was diagnosed with hypertension five years ago. 01:41:01 01:41:98 [Speaker 1]: Ok. Are you diabetic? 01:44:01 01:44:02 [Speaker 2]: No. I am not. 01:45:01 01:45:03 [Speaker 1]: Are you asthmatic? 01:46:02 01:46:03 [Speaker 2]: No. 01:46:99 01:46:99 [Speaker 1]: Are you a known sickle cell patient? 01:48:03 01:48:03 [Speaker 2]: No. 01:48:98 01:49:02 [Speaker 1]: Ok. This hypertension you talked about that has been diagnosed five years ago. Was it controlled properly or poorly? 01:56:03 01:57:99 [Speaker 2]: Not necessarily properly. 01:59:02 02:01:100 [Speaker 1]: Ok. Have you had any previous surgery? 02:04:03 02:05:04 [Speaker 2]: No. I have not. 02:05:01 02:05:100 [Speaker 1]: Ok. Now, your family do they have any symptoms like this? 02:10:04 02:12:03 [Speaker 2]: Actually my father had a stroke at the age of 60, other than that there have been no similar fainting spell or anything. 02:19:03 02:19:99 [Speaker 1]: If I heard you clearly your father had a stroke at the age 60. 02:22:04 02:22:99 [Speaker 2]: Yes, he did. 02:23:01 02:23:99 [Speaker 1]: Ok. I am sorry about that. 02:24:98 02:25:00 [Speaker 2]: Thank you. 02:25:03 02:26:02 [Speaker 1]: Ok. So do you smoke? Or drink? 02:29:98 02:29:100 [Speaker 2]: Yes. I smoke at least half a packet of cigarettes daily. At least for the past 20 years I have been smoking yes and for drinks I occasionally take alcohol. Its not like a regular thing. 02:42:00 02:43:00 [Speaker 1]: So you drink and you smoke? 02:45:00 02:45:03 [Speaker 2]: Yes. 02:45:04 02:45:100 [Speaker 1]: Ok. Do you use any recreational drug? 02:49:04 02:48:100 [Speaker 2]: No. None of that. 02:49:99 02:50:00 [Speaker 1]: You don't? 02:50:03 02:50:98 [Speaker 2]: Yes. 02:51:00 02:52:04 [Speaker 1]: Okay. Are you on any present medication? 02:54:01 02:55:01 [Speaker 2]: Currently, I am on anti-hypertensive medication. 02:58:02 02:58:03 [Speaker 1]: Do you know the name of the the drug? 03:00:02 03:01:01 [Speaker 2]: Amlodipine 03:01:100 03:02:02 [Speaker 1]: Amlodipine? 03:03:00 03:03:01 [Speaker 2]: Yes. 03:03:02 03:04:01 [Speaker 1]: Oka, okay. Do you take it frequently? Do you take it as prescribed? Or you just 03:08:02 03:08:99 [Speaker 2]: Not necessarily i think i take it when it comes to my mind, when it crosses my mind. 03:12:99 03:13:03 [Speaker 1]: Ok. Do you know about any food allergy or drugs allergies you are having? 03:18:03 03:18:100 [Speaker 2]: No. None of that 03:19:99 03:20:01 [Speaker 1]: None of that? Thank you 03:21:100 03:22:03 [Speaker 2]: You're welcome 03:23:02",medical,203.6180045,19-25,Hausa,NG data/9d838ece-8db5-4736-96d8-581071bd5106_ca69415a184fc2daa85f71973c64e16c_DRUaebWM.wav,"00:00:00 [Speaker 2]: I'm a male. 00:01:96 [Speaker 1]: Alright Mr Shedrack. I'll be recording this conversation, before doing that I'll need to ask you for consent to do so. Do I have your consent to record this conversation? 00:11:99 [Speaker 2]: You have my consent. 00:13:97 [Speaker 1]: Thank you very much Mr Shedrack. So may I know what has brought you to my clinic today? 00:19:99 [Speaker 2]: I've been having pain and swelling in my knee. 00:24:95 [Speaker 1]: You've been having pain and swelling in your kneel, may I know,is it both kneel or just one kneel? 00:30:98 [Speaker 2]: On my knee, on the two knees 00:33:100 [Speaker 1]: Okay, both knees. For how long have this pain been? 00:37:99 [Speaker 2]: This pain have been persistent a bit for two weeks. 00:42:00 [Speaker 1]: For two weeks,did it start gradually or it started suddenly? 00:46:98 [Speaker 2]: It started gradually. 00:48:99 [Speaker 1]: Alright, has this pain been localized to just the knee or it radiates to other parts of your body? 00:55:98 [Speaker 2]: It has been localized to just the knee. 00:58:00 [Speaker 1]: Okay. Do you mind grading this pain, the severity of this pain on a scale of one to ten for me? 01:04:98 [Speaker 2]: I'll give it a seven over ten 01:06:97 [Speaker 1]: Seven must be very severe, I apologize for that. 01:08:99 [Speaker 2]: Thank you sir 01:10:95 [Speaker 1]: So you said it is not radiating, correct? 01:11:99 [Speaker 2]: Yes it is not radiating. 01:13:96 [Speaker 1]: Is it relieved by any know medication, any over the counter drug, paracetamol, NSAIDs? 01:18:99 [Speaker 2]: I've taken pain killers and it has not been relieved by any. 01:22:97 [Speaker 1]: Has it progressively worsen over time? 01:24:99 [Speaker 2]: It has. 01:25:100 [Speaker 1]: Alright. So there's a swelling if I'm not wrong? 01:29:99 [Speaker 2]: Yes there's a swelling on the knee 01:32:00 [Speaker 1]: This swelling, it started a week after the pain or it started along side the pain? 01:37:95 [Speaker 2]: It came a week after the pain. 01:39:96 [Speaker 1]: Okay, has it been progressive? 01:42:95 [Speaker 2]: It has been progressive. 01:43:98 [Speaker 1]: Is there a redness change of skin discoloration around the swelling or warmth around the swelling? 01:50:98 [Speaker 2]: No redness or warmth 01:53:95 [Speaker 1]: Is there an intermittent or a consistent fever? 01:56:98 [Speaker 2]: It is associated with fever 01:58:98 [Speaker 1]: Which has been intermittent or constant? 02:01:96 [Speaker 2]: It has been intermittent. 02:02:98 [Speaker 1]: Okay thank you, is it a high grade fever or a low grade fever? 02:05:98 [Speaker 2]: It's high grade 02:08:01 [Speaker 1]: Is there a time of the day when this fever is more? 02:10:95 [Speaker 2]: It's worse at night 02:11:99 [Speaker 1]: Okay thank you, I want to know is there a history of trauma to your knee or any part of your body? 02:16:96 [Speaker 2]: No history of trauma to my knee or any other parts of my body 02:18:99 [Speaker 1]: Okay thank you. You've never had any surgery on your knees right? 02:21:97 [Speaker 2]: No I've not. 02:23:96 [Speaker 1]: Okay thank you. Has there been a history of weight loss? 02:26:98 [Speaker 2]: No weight loss 02:28:00 [Speaker 1]: How about drenching night sweats, have you been having these trenching night sweats? 02:32:95 [Speaker 2]: No night sweats 02:33:99 [ Speaker 1]: Do you feel easily fatigued, easily fatiguabilty? 02:36:99 [Speaker 2]: No 02:37:100 [Speaker 1]: Okay thank you very much. Have you had similar pain in the past? 02:42:95 [Speaker 2]: No, this is the first episode 02:44:97 [Speaker 1]: This is the first episode? 02:45:99 [Speaker 2]: Yes sir 02:47:00 [Speaker 1]: Alright. Are you a known hypertensive or diabetic patient? 02:50:100 [Speaker 2]: No 02:52:96 [Speaker 1]: Are you asthmatic or sickle cell? 02:53:99 [Speaker 2]: I'm not 02:55:96 [Speaker 1]: Are you epileptic? 02:56:97 [Speaker 2]: I'm not epileptic 02:57:98 [Speaker 1]: Okay thank you very much. Is there a family history of similar pain? Or a family history of cancer? 03:02:97 [Speaker 2]: No 03:04:95 [Speaker 1]: Okay thank you very much. Do you smoke? 03:07:95 [Speaker 2]: I don't smoke 03:08:98 [Speaker 1]: Do you drink alcohol? 03:09:98 [Speaker 2]: I don't take alcohol 03:11:00 [Speaker 1]: Do you take recreational drugs? 03:12:95 [Speaker 2]: I don't take recreational drugs 03:14:98 [Speaker 1]: Alright. Do you have any known drugs, food allergies? 03:17:100 [Speaker 2]: No known drugs or food allergy 03:21:01 [Speaker 1]: Okay thank you very much """,medical,202.71,19-25,Ijaw,NG data/c46ac19c-edf5-4bc2-8162-110ff52ef78b_654f83104ac72fe1dfb3396f740cf6e1_qfrd3ivN.wav,"00:00:00 [Speaker 1]: May I address you as miss or mrs? 00:02:97 [Speaker 2]: Mrs 00:05:97 [Speaker 1]: How old are you? 00:07:01 [Speaker 2]: I am 45 years old doctor 00:10:98 [Speaker 1]: So ma, what brought you here today? 00:13:100 [Speaker 2]: I have been having this pain in my abdominal two days ago. Suddenly two days ago 00:24:98 [Speaker 1]: So can you tell me more about it? 00:27:97 [Speaker 2]: Yes. The pain started suddenly, like and it was a very sharp pain and its. How should i explain it? Is located at my abdominal at the right side, the top side of my abdomen. And the pain it moves from my back. Like it moves around my back and my right shoulder 01:01:97 [Speaker 1]: Ok. I will just ask you few questions about that. You said the pain is located at your right side of your abdomen? 01:09:100 [Speaker 2]: Yes doctor 01:11:98 [Speaker 1]: And the pain is sharp right? 01:13:96 [Speaker 2]: Yes doctor 01:16:00 [Speaker 1]: Is there anything that makes the pain worse? 01:17:99 [Speaker 2]: Yes. The pain becomes worse like whenever i eat, after eating the pain becomes worst and it's always happen when i take a food that has plenty fats 01:32:98 [Speaker 1]: Ok. What about anything that makes you feel relieved? 01:35:98 [Speaker 2]: I have not really noticed any 01:39:95 [Speaker 1]: Ok. Are they other symptoms associated with the pain? 01:43:97 [Speaker 2]: Yes. Since this pain started i have been having nausea i have been vomiting. You get? If una i have been having fever and if you look at me now you'll see that i have jaundice 01:58:97 [Speaker 1]: Ok. Is there any other symptoms like change in bowel movement? Or change in urine color? 02:05:96 [Speaker 2]: No. No. No 02:06:97 [Speaker 1]: What about weight loss? 02:08:97 [Speaker 2]: No. No. No doctor 02:10:100 [Speaker 1]: Do you think you're losing weight? 02:13:97 [Speaker 2]: No, i am not losing weight. You look at me now, i am not losing weight 02:18:100 [Speaker 1]: Do you eat at all? Or do you have a loss of appetite? 02:22:96 [Speaker 2]: I don't have loss of appetite. I eat very well. Just after eating the food and the pain will start 02:32:95 [Speaker 1]: Have you gone through any trauma? 02:34:97 [Speaker 2]: No doctor 02:36:98 [Speaker 1]: Have you had any surgery done recently? 02:38:00 [Speaker 2]: No. No. No 02:40:96 [Speaker 1]: Ok. On a scale of 1-10 can you describe how severe the pain is? 02:45:98 [Speaker 2]: I will rate it 9. I will say 9 cos it's very very severe. The pain is very very bad so i will say 9 02:58:00 [Speaker 1]: Ok. What do you think will be causing this? 03:00:95 [Speaker 2]: Doctor i don't know. I don't know 03:05:98 [Speaker 1]: Are you worried about it? 03:07:98 [Speaker 2]: I'm very worried about it because the pain is just too much 03:13:97 [Speaker 1]: Do you have any medical history? 03:16:99 [Speaker 2]: Yes, I do. Yes, I do 03:23:98 [Speaker 1]: What is it? If i may ask 03:25:100 [Speaker 2]: I am hypertensive and i was diagnosed on hypertension that was five years ago and i have been on medication 03:41:98 [Speaker 1]: Do you have any family medical history? 03:44:98 [Speaker 2]: Yes,Yes. My mother. Yes, I do. My mother had gallstones 03:58:96 [Speaker 1]: Ok. I am going to ask you few more questions about yourself if you don't mind 04:03:96 [Speaker 2]: Ok. Go ahead 04:04:100 [Speaker 1]: Do you smoke? 04:06:96 [Speaker 2]: No. No. I don't 04:08:100 [Speaker 1]: Good. Do you drink alcohol? 04:10:97 [Speaker 2]: Yes, I do 04:12:99 [Speaker 1]: Ok. Like how many drinks you take when you drink? 04:15:99 [Speaker 2]: I take few drinks. I don't take much 04:20:98 [Speaker 1]: Ok. How frequent is that? 04:22:99 [Speaker 2]: It is not frequent. It is just once in a blue moon. Occasionally 04:29:00 [Speaker 1]: Ok. Do you take any recreational drug? 04:29:100 [Speaker 2]: No. No. No. I don't 04:33:00 [Speaker 1]: Are you on any routine or prescribe medication? 04:36:100 [Speaker 2]: Yes. I am. I am on antihypertension drugs. Antihypertension medication i have been on it for five years now 04:52:00 [Speaker 1]: Do you have any drug or food allergies? 04:54:95 [Speaker 2]: No. No. No. None that i know of 04:58:96 [Speaker 1]: Do you have any question for me? 05:00:96 [Speaker 2]: No doctor, i don't 05:04:96 [Speaker 1]: Ok. That will be all for the consultation. Thanks for talking with me today. From my findings mrs Ogechukwu 45 is having a severe abdominal pain which started two days ago. The pain is located at the right upper quadrant of her abdominal and it radiates to the back and her right shoulder. According to her, the pain becomes worst after eating especially when she eats fatty food. The pain is associated with nausea and vomiting. Fever and jaundice. She doesn't have any history of change in bowel movement or urine color, weight loss or loss of appetite. She doesn't also have any history of trauma or haven't under gone any surgery. According to her medical history she was diagnosed of hypertension five years ago. And has been on medication. The only family medical history she has is her mother where had gastrings. She doesn't smoke nor take any recreational drugs but drinks alcohol occasionally. She is also on anti-hypertensive medication. She doesn't have any known drugs or food allergy. She also rated the pain to 9 on a scale of 1-10 -1:48:-3-1:48:-3-1:48:-301:35:98",medical,404,19-25,Hausa,NG data/cd255fe0-ebc2-47a0-a990-2ab1ba9ca23d_37a1666580e2ceda260675470dec56a8_AAdExeNL.wav,"00:00:01 [Speaker 2]: You have my consent. 00:01:02 00:01:96 [Speaker 1]: Thank you very much, Chike. Are you a male or a female? 00:03:98 00:04:00 [Speaker 2]: I'm a male 00:04:98 00:05:00 [Speaker 1]: Ok. May I know how old you are Mr. Chike? 00:07:96 00:07:97 [Speaker 2]: I am 35-years-old. 00:09:00 00:09:01 [Speaker 1]: Ok, thank you very much. May I know what brought you to the hospital today? 00:12:01 00:12:100 [Speaker 2]: I've been passing loose stool. 00:15:00 00:16:02 [Speaker 1]: You've been passing loose stool. For how long now? 00:18:98 00:18:99 [Speaker 2]: Two days. 00:19:97 00:19:100 [Speaker 1]: Ok. You're saying you've had frequent loose stool for over two days now? 00:23:98 00:25:02 [Speaker 2]: Yes. 00:24:98 00:25:00 [Speaker 1]: Ok, thank you very much. I want to know if this was sudden in onset or it was gradual in onset. 00:31:00 00:31:97 [Speaker 2]: It was sudden in onset. 00:32:99 00:33:01 [Speaker 1]: Ok, I want to know this loose stool that you have been passing for the past two days, is it bloody? Is there a stain of blood in it? 00:39:98 00:40:97 [Speaker 2]: It's not bloody. 00:41:01 00:41:98 [Speaker 1]: Alright. Thank you very much. Is there pus in it? 00:43:98 00:43:98 [Speaker 2]: No pus. 00:44:97 00:44:99 [Speaker 1]: Alright. I want to know how many episodes you have passed since the past two days. 00:48:98 00:49:99 [Speaker 2]: It's up to ten. 00:50:98 00:50:100 [Speaker 1]: You've had over ten episodes of this passage of loose stool? 00:54:97 00:54:98 [Speaker 2]: Yes. 00:55:01 00:55:96 [Speaker 1: Alright, thank you very much. I want to know, is there a fever? 00:57:98 00:58:97 [Speaker 2]: Yes. 01:00:02 00:59:98 [Speaker 1]: Ok. You've also had a fever? 01:00:98 01:01:01 [Speaker 2]: Yes. 01:01:98 01:01:98 [Speaker 1]: How long now? 01:02:97 01:03:97 [Speaker 2]: For one day. 01:04:01 01:04:98 [Speaker 1]: Ok. Can you describe this fever? Is it high-grade fever or low-grade fever? 01:08:96 01:09:01 [Speaker 2]: It's high-grade. 01:10:01 01:10:99 [Speaker 1]: Ok, I want to know. This fever, is there a particular time of the day it is worse or it is constant throughout the day? 01:15:96 01:15:99 [Speaker 2]: It's constant. 01:16:98 01:17:00 [Speaker 1]: Ok, thank you very much. I want to know is there an associated abdominal pain? 01:21:97 01:21:99 [Speaker 2]: No. 01:22:96 01:22:98 [Speaker 1]: Ok. You don't feel pain in your abdomen? 01:24:97 01:24:99 [Speaker 2]: No. 01:25:00 01:25:01 [Speaker 1]: Ok, thank you very much. I want to know also, is there vomiting? 01:28:97 01:28:99 [Speaker 2]: No. 01:29:01 01:29:98 [Speaker 1]: Ok. So I want to know, has there been a recent change in your diet or water source? 01:34:98 01:34:99 [Speaker 2]: No. 01:35:96 01:35:99 [Speaker 1]: Ok, thank you. Have you had contact with anyone with similar illness? 01:40:01 01:40:97 [Speaker 2]: No, I have not. 01:41:96 01:41:98 [Speaker 1]: Ok, thank you. Is there a previous history of similar diarrhoea? Have you had similar diarrhoea issue? 01:46:97 01:46:99 [Speaker 2]: No. 01:47:01 01:47:97 [Speaker 1]: Ok, thank you. Have you had a recent travel to a rural area in the past one week? 01:53:96 01:54:96 [Speaker 2]; Yes, I 've had. 01:55:96 01:55:98 [Speaker 1]: Ok, thank you very much, thank you very much. So I want to know, is there a previous history of any chronic disease? 02:01:98 02:02:96 [Speaker 2]: No. 02:02:98 02:03:96 [Speaker 1]: Ok. So I want to know, who prepares your food? 02:06:96 02:07:01 [Speaker 2]: I prepare them myself. 02:08:98 02:08:100 [Speaker 1]: Do you wash your hand before preparing your food? 02:10:100 02:11:01 [Speaker 2]: Yes, I do. 02:11:97 02:12:01 [Speaker 1]: Do you patronize food vendors outside? 02:14:96 02:14:98 [Speaker 2]: No, I don't. 02:15:96 02:15:99 [Speaker 1]: Ok, thank you very much. Is there a a family history of similar illness? 02:19:98 02:20:97 [Speaker 2]: No. 02:20:98 02:21:97 [Speaker 1]; Do you drink alcohol? 02:22:97 02:23:96 [Speaker 2]: No, I don't drink. 02:24:98 02:24:98 [Speaker 1]: Do you smoke cigarette? 02:25:98 02:26:01 [Speaker 2]: No. I don't smoke. 02:26:100 02:27:96 [Speaker 1]: Ok, thank you very much. Are you allergic to any drug? 02:30:96 02:31:01 [Speaker 2]; No, I'm not. 02:31:98 02:32:96 [Speaker 1]: Ok. So there is no known drug allergy? 02:34:98 02:35:98 [Speaker 2]: No known drug allergy. 02:36:98 02:36:100 [Speaker 1]: Have you had any past surgery? 02:38:98 02:39:00 [Speaker 2]: No, I have had none. 02:40:01 02:40:98 [Speaker 1]: Past hospital admission? 02:41:99 02:43:02 [Speaker 2]: No. 02:42:97 02:43:00 [Speaker 1]: Ok, thank you very much. Do you live alone? 02:45:99 02:46:97 [Speaker 2]: Yes, I do. 02:47:96 02:47:99 [Speaker 1]: Ok, thank you. So you live alone and there is no history of similar illness in the past? 02:52:01 02:52:01 [Speaker 2]: Yes. 02:52:97 02:53:00 [Speaker 1]: Both in your family? 02:53:99 02:54:01 [Speaker 2]: Yes. 02:54:96 02:54:98 [Speaker 1]: Ok. Are you a smoker? 02:55:97 02:56:00 [Speaker 2]: I don't smoke. 02:57:01 02:57:97 [Speaker 1]: Do you take alcohol? 02:58:97 03:01:01 [Speaker 2]: Occasionally. 03:01:99 03:02:00 [Speaker 1]: Ok, thank you very much. Do you take recreational drugs? 03:05:100 03:06:96 [Speaker 2]: No. 03:06:98 03:07:01 [Speaker 1]: Ok, thank you. So, you are not allergic to any drug or medication. Right? 03:11:98 03:11:98 [Speaker 2]: No, I'm not allergic to any. 03:13:98 03:13:100 [Speaker 1]: Ok, thank you very much. May I know your source of water, your drinking water and your cooking water? 03:17:98 03:18:98 [Speaker 2]: Tap water. 03:19:01 03:19:97 [Speaker 1]; Ok, tap water. Ok, thank you very much 03:21:97",medical,203.0780045,19-25,Isoko,NG data/d2f0bed6-f3e1-48a8-9fb2-ceb137670bc4_760104034ed8d94ca25303635e8b789c_tPRtMScX.wav,"00:01:97 [Speaker 1]: May I address you as """"Miss"""" or """"Mrs.""""? 00:03:96 00:04:96 [Speaker 2]: """"Mrs."""" is okay. 00:05:98 00:06:99 [Speaker 1]: How old are you? 00:07:98 00:08:96 [Speaker 2]: I'm 26 years old, doctor. 00:10:00 00:11:01 [Speaker 1]: So, Mrs. Oge, what brought you here today? 00:13:96 00:14:98 [Speaker 2]: Doctor, I've been having this severe pain, sorry not pain, this severe vomiting. I keep vomiting and it's persistent and it started two weeks ago, actually. 00:27:96 00:28:97 [Speaker 1]: Okay, can you tell me more about that? 00:30:00 00:31:98 [Speaker 2]: Yes, the vomiting actually started suddenly, and it has been basically persistent for like, for that two weeks, like I've not been able to like, digest food, I've not been able to like, eat something and it will stay in there. Whatever I take, whether food or water, or anything at all, fluid, I'll vomit it immediately, like the vomit is just like, it's constant, and of recent, I started noticing indigested food in my vomit. That's it. 01:13:96 01:13:100 [Speaker 1]: Okay, I'll just ask you few more questions. 01:16:96 01:18:01 [Speaker 2]: Okay, go ahead. 01:19:00 01:20:00 [Speaker 1]: You said the vomit has been persistent and it contains undigested food recently?01:25:95 01:25:95 [Speaker 2]: Yes, yes. 01:25:99 01:26:100 [Speaker 1]: Do you vomit blood? 01:27:99 01:28:00 [Speaker 2]: No, I don't. I don't vomit blood. 01:30:00 01:30:97 [Speaker 1]: Bile? 01:30:99 01:31:00 [Speaker 2]: No, no, no, no. 01:31:99 01:32:98 [Speaker 1]: Okay. Are there any other symptoms associated with it? 01:35:98 01:36:96 [Speaker 2]: Yes, yes. It comes with, actually comes with this severe nausea and weight loss, like look at me now, like I've been losing weight, and it's because nothing I take in stays there. I end up vomiting it, so I keep losing weight. 01:53:98 01:54:99 [Speaker 1]: Okay. Any history of fever, diarrhoea or abdominal pain? 01:58:98 01:59:01 [Speaker 2]: No, no, no. 01:59:98 02:00:100 [Speaker 1]: Any headache? 02:01:96 02:01:100 [Speaker 2]: No, not at all. 02:02:98 02:03:98 [Speaker 1]: When was your last menstrual period? 02:05:98 02:06:96 [Speaker 2]: That should be around 8 weeks ago, 8 weeks ago. 02:09:98 02:11:01 [Speaker 1]: Okay, I see. Have you done any pregnancy test? 02:14:99 02:15:96 [Speaker 2]: Yes, I have. 02:17:01 02:17:97 [Speaker 1]: What was the result like? Positive or negative? 02:20:96 02:21:01 [Speaker 2]: The, the result was positive. It was positive. 02:24:98 02:26:00 [Speaker 1]: Have you had history of similar symptoms or experience in your previous pregnancy? 02:30:96 02:30:98 [Speaker 2]: No, I haven't, I haven't, and that's what surprises me the most, because my previous pregnancy, like it went well. I haven't had this kind of experience before. 02:43:01 02:45:96 [Speaker 1]: What about when you're not pregnant? 02:46:97 02:46:98 [Speaker 2]: No I don't, I don't. I haven't. 02:48:97 02:49:01 [Speaker 1]: Do you have any chronic illness? 02:50:97 02:50:100 [Speaker 2]: No, I don't, I don't have any chronic illness. 02:53:98 02:54:97 [Speaker 1]: Have you undergone any surgery before? 02:56:00 02:56:98 [Speaker 2]: No doctor, I haven't. 02:57:100 02:58:98 [Speaker 1]: Okay. Do you have family history of similar sickness? 03:01:99 03:03:96 [Speaker 2]: No, no, I don't have family history of any similar conditions or any similar illness. I don't. 03:09:97 03:10:96 [Speaker 1]: Okay. I'm going to ask you a few more questions if you don't mind. 03:13:96 03:14:96 [Speaker 2]: Okay, go ahead doctor. 03:15:97 03:16:99 [Speaker 1]: Do you smoke? 03:17:98 03:18:96 [Speaker 2]: No I don't, I don't smoke. 03:20:01 03:21:96 [Speaker 1]: Okay. Do you drink alcohol? 03:22:100 03:24:01 [Speaker 2]: No, I don't, I don't drink alcohol. 03:25:97 03:26:00 [Speaker 1]: Perfect. Are you on any routine or prescribed medication? 03:29:98 03:32:97 [Speaker 2]: I'm not really on any prescription drugs, although I started taking my routine drugs, my prenatal vitamins after I confirmed that I was pregnant. 03:43:99 03:45:96 [Speaker 1]: Okay. Do you have any food or drug allergies? 03:47:99 03:48:99 [Speaker 2]: No, no, no, no, no, I don't, I don't really have any food or drug allergies. None that I am aware of, none that I know of. I don't. 04:00:00 04:00:98 [Speaker 1]: Okay. Do you have any question for me? 04:02:96 04:02:99 [Speaker 2]: Yes. 04:03:98 04:05:96 [Speaker 1]: Okay, go ahead. 04:06:01 04:06:100 [Speaker 2]: Please doctor, I want to know if my baby will be fine. 04:11:00 04:13:97 [Speaker 1]: Yes, your baby will be fine. Are you worried? 04:16:99 04:17:01 [Speaker 2]: Yes, I am, I'm very worried. 04:19:96 04:21:01 [Speaker 1]: Do not be worried as your pregnancy is progressing well. 04:23:99 04:24:98 [Speaker 2]: Okay. 04:26:01 04:26:01 [Speaker 1]: Any other question for me?04:27:00 04:27:98 [Speaker 2]: No doctor, that's all the questions I have for today. 04:30:100 04:32:00 [Speaker 1]: That is it for the consultation. Thank you. 04:33:100 04:36:00 [Speaker 1]: From my findings, Mrs. Oge, age 26, is having severe and persistent vomiting, which has lasted for 2 weeks now. She finds it difficult to keep down food or liquid. She started vomiting undigested food recently but is no blood or bile on it. The condition is associated with severe nausea and weight loss. She doesn't have any history of fever, diarrhea, abdominal pain or headache. Her last menstrual period was 8 weeks ago and her pregnancy test read positive. She has no history of similar symptoms in the previous pregnancy, neither does the condition occur when she's not pregnant. She hasn't done any surgery in the past and doesn't have any chronic illness. She also have no family history of similar illness. Mrs. Oge, according to her, does not smoke nor drink. She's not also in any prescription drugs, but she maintained that she started prenatal vitamins after she confirmed pregnant. She doesn't have any known food or drug allergies. 05:49:96",medical,350.8460091,19-25,Isoko,NG data/eceb9468-7001-4ee0-9475-13486e5352ae_881eeb00f6ea30a682aace713243f569_JoYJ9Vrf.wav,"00:01:01 [Speaker 1]: Okay, how old are you? 00:02:02 00:02:02 [Speaker 2]: I am 45 years old. 00:04:02 00:05:02 [Speaker 1]: Okay. You're welcome, my dear. What brought you here? 00:08:97 00:09:97 [Speaker 2]: I am, I have rectal bleeding and abdominal pain. 00:15:99 00:25:01 [Speaker 1]: Okay, can you tell me more about it? 00:26:100 00:28:97 [Speaker 2]: Okay. The pain started, the abdominal pain started like two weeks ago and the rectal bleeding, when I wanted to urinate, I see, I use to see red blood, but it's not mixed with, with stool, and the abdominal pain also started same time. 01:03:98 01:05:00 [Speaker 1]: Oh, okay, okay. Have you gotten to any check-up. 01:08:100 01:09:98 [Speaker 2]: No, no, this is my first time coming here because it started two weeks ago and I think that it will, it will relieve me. 01:20:00 01:21:02 [Speaker 1]: How severe is the abdominal pain, from the range of 1 to 10? 01:25:02 01:27:100 [Speaker 2]: 6 01:30:02 01:31:97 [Speaker 1]: Okay. Now, which side of the abdominal region do you feel the pain? 01:34:98 01:36:02 [Speaker 2]: I feel the pain in my lower abdominal region, like as I'm touching it like this, it's even paining me, if I put more pressure on it, like if I force my hand on it, it will even pain me more. 01:53:98 01:54:02 [Speaker 1]: Okay. 01:55:00 01:55:98 [Speaker 2]: And since last two weeks, as I've started the abdominal pain, I have not been able to eat well. I lost appetite. I feel tired. 02:10:99 02:18:00 [Speaker 1]: Did you travel? 02:18:99 02:19:98 [Speaker 2]: No, I don't travel, I'm not a traveling person, I don't like traveling. 02:24:01 02:25:01 [Speaker 1]: Okay, have you marry? 02:26:97 02:27:01 [Speaker 2]: Yes, I'm married. 02:28:96 02:28:96 [Speaker 1]: With how many kids? 02:29:96 02:30:00 [Speaker 2]: Like, I'm married, I have four children but me and my husband, we're not living together now. My husband is living in, in another state, while me I'm living in this place. 02:47:97 02:49:96 [Speaker 1]: Madam, have you undergo any surgery before? 02:51:99 02:52:97 [Speaker 2]: No. 02:54:97 02:56:96 [Speaker 1]: Okay. Do you smoke? 02:57:97 02:57:97 [Speaker 2]: No. 02:58:100 02:58:100 [Speaker 1]: What about, do you take alcohol? 03:01:00 03:01:00 [Speaker 2]: No 03:02:01 03:04:02 [Speaker 1]: What about your family, did anybody have similar issue? 03:08:01 03:09:01 [Speaker 2]: Yes, my mother had colorectal cancer before. 03:17:01 03:21:02 [Speaker 1]: Okay. What food do you normally take? 03:25:97 03:26:01 [Speaker 2]: I like taking swallow. I like swallow a lot. 03:32:02 03:34:01 [Speaker 1]: Okay. Are you allergic to any food? 03:35:97 03:38:02 [Speaker 2]: No. 03:39:00 03:39:96 [Speaker 1]: Okay, okay. Alright, thank you, you're welcome. 03:42:100 03:43:01 [Speaker 2]: Okay, doctor 03:43:99",medical,225.3309977,19-25,Yoruba,NG data/fd258274-0797-4cdd-b6ea-426ae9723bf7_abda0e74456d2c317778573a2aa229b2_DkOy8QIr.wav,"00:00:98 [Speaker 1]: Ok. Gift good morning and welcome to the hospital. 00:03:00 00:03:02 [Speaker 2]: Thank you. 00:03:99 00:04:01 [Speaker 1]: So I will be asking you few questions about yourself and I would love to get honest responses so that I can properly access you. Ok. What's your full name? 00:16:02 00:17:01 [Speaker 2]: Ok. I'm Gift Joseph. 00:18:100 00:20:01 [Speaker 1]: Gift Joseph welcome to the hospital this morning. 00:22:98 00:22:99 [Speaker 2]: Thank you. 00:23:02 00:23:03 [Speaker 1]: How old are you? 00:24:00 00:24:98 [Speaker 2]: I'm 32 years old. 00:26:00 00:26:02 [Speaker 1]: Alright tell me about your tribe and religion. 00:28:99 00:29:03 [Speaker 2]: Ok. I'm Igala by tribe and I'm a Christian. 00:32:02 00:32:99 [Speaker 1]: Alright. So what do you do for a living? 00:34:03 00:35:01 [Speaker 2]: I'm a farmer. I farm. 00:36:99 00:37:01 [Speaker 1]: Ok. Are you married? 00:38:01 00:38:02 [Speaker 2]: Yes. I am. 00:39:00 00:39:99 [Speaker 1]: How many children do you have? 00:41:02 00:41:98 [Speaker 2]: I have two children. 00:42:98 00:43:00 [Speaker 1]: Ok. Where do you stay? 00:44:01 00:45:02 [Speaker 2]: I stay in the village in Kogi state. 00:47:99 00:48:02 [Speaker 1]: Ok. You stay in the village in Kogi state? 00:49:100 00:50:01 [Speaker 2]: Yes. 00:50:02 00:50:98 [Speaker 1]: Alright. So what brought you to the hospital this morning? 00:52:98 00:54:01 [Speaker 2]: Fever, I've had fever for some days now. 00:58:00 00:58:03 [Speaker 1]: Ok. How many days is that? 00:59:98 01:00:02 [Speaker 2]: About two days now. 01:02:00 01:02:99 [Speaker 1]: Ok. Can you tell me about the fever? And did it start suddenly or it comes in gradually? 01:08:98 01:09:03 [Speaker 2]: It started suddenly actually. 01:11:01 01:11:98 [Speaker 1]: Ok. What kind of fever was it? Was it high grade fever or low grade fever? 01:15:03 01:16:01 [Speaker 2]: It is a high grade fever. 01:17:03 01:19:01 [Speaker 1]: Was this fever constant occurring all through the day or was it intermittent. Did it come and go? 01:24:01 01:24:99 [Speaker 2]: Yes, constant. 01:25:98 01:26:02 [Speaker 1]: Ok. Was this fever associated with any form of chills or rigors like and by that time you need any form of severe cold while you were feeling hot. Was there any point that you were shaking? 01:40:03 01:41:01 [Speaker 2]: Yes. actually. 01:42:01 01:42:03 [Speaker 1]: Ok. Alright. So when this fever started what did you do about it? 01:47:03 01:49:00 [Speaker 2]: I took a piece of cloth and I got it wet with cold water and I apply it all over my body, used it to massage my body. 02:01:01 02:01:99 [Speaker 1]: Did it work? 02:02:02 02:03:02 [Speaker 2]: No. It didn't. 02:04:02 02:04:03 [Speaker 1]: Ok. What did you do next? Did you do something else? 02:06:02 02:07:01 [Speaker 2]: Yes. I took paracetamol. 02:09:01 02:09:97 [Speaker 1]: Ok. Did that relieve you? 02:10:99 02:11:00 [Speaker 2]: No. It didn't relieve me. 02:12:97 02:12:100 [Speaker 1]: Ok. So for the chills that you said you experienced. When did it start? 02:17:98 02:18:98 [Speaker 2]: It started a day after the fever. 02:20:00 02:20:100 [Speaker 1]: Alright. So was it severe? Or was it mild or moderate? 02:24:02 02:24:99 [Speaker 2]: It was severe. 02:25:03 02:25:99 [Speaker 1]: Was severe? Ok. Was it associated with any form of sweating? 02:29:99 02:31:01 [Speaker 2]: Yeah it was. 02:31:01 02:31:98 [Speaker 1]: How profuse was it? Was it a very very serious form of sweating? 02:34:99 02:35:01 [Speaker 2]: Yes. It was a profuse sweating. 02:37:01 02:37:99 [Speaker 1]: Alright. Ok, so since this started, have you noticed any form of headache? 02:42:99 02:44:00 [Speaker 2]: Yes. 02:44:03 02:45:02 [Speaker 1]: Is it generalized all around your head? 02:47:01 02:48:01 [Speaker 2]: Yes, It is. 02:48:100 02:49:02 [Speaker 1]: Ok. Also have you noticed any form of body weakness since you started complaining of the fever? 02:56:98 02:57:01 [Speaker 2]: Yes. 02:57:02 02:58:01 [Speaker 1]: How about loss of appetite? Have you lost appetite recently? 03:01:00 03:01:98 [Speaker 2]: Yes. 03:02:00 03:03:01 [Speaker 1]: How about nausea? Do you feel nauseous? 03:04:98 03:04:99 [Speaker 2]: Yes. 03:05:02 03:06:00 [Speaker 1]: Have you had any bouts of vomiting since it started? 03:09:01 03:09:98 [Speaker 2]: No, I haven't. 03:10:01 03:10:100 [Speaker 1]: Ok, what about cough? Have you coughed since this complaint started? 03:14:100 03:15:02 [Speaker 2]: No. 03:15:99 03:17:03 [Speaker 1]: Any history of chest pain? 03:18:00 03:19:03 [Speaker 2]: No. 03:18:99 03:19:02 [Speaker 1]: How about abdominal pain? 03:20:03 03:20:03 [Speaker 2]: No. 03:20:100 03:21:03 [Speaker 1]: Change in bowel movement? Have you had any form of diarrhea or constipation? 03:25:00 03:25:98 [Speaker 2]: No. I haven't. 03:26:02 03:27:02 [Speaker 1]: Alright. So have you traveled recently outside your local area where you stay? 03:30:98 03:31:99 [Speaker 2]: No. I haven't. 03:32:03 03:32:98 [Speaker 1]: Ok. So have you had any form of convulsions or seizures or loss of consciousness in the past? 03:40:98 03:41:01 [Speaker 2]: No. I haven't. 03:41:100 03:42:03 [Speaker 1]: Alright. So, how about your urinary system? Do you urinate normally as before? 03:49:01 03:50:100 [Speaker 2]: Yes. I do. 03:50:100 03:52:03 [Speaker 1]: Ok. Any form of difficulty in urine? 03:53:01 03:53:98 [Speaker 2]: No. 03:54:03 03:54:99 [Speaker 1]: Any blood in your urine? 03:55:99 03:56:00 [Speaker 2]: No. 03:56:03 03:57:01 [Speaker 1]: Alright. So, have you noticed any form of palpitations, where your heart is beating faster and you could hear it loudly? 04:05:02 04:06:00 [Speaker 2]: No. 04:06:98 04:06:99 [Speaker 1]: Any leg swelling? 04:08:00 04:08:02 [Speaker 2]: No. 04:08:98 04:09:97 [Speaker 1]: Ok. Any swelling in any other part of your body? Or joint pain? 04:12:99 04:13:02 [Speaker 2]: No. 04:13:99 04:15:03 [Speaker 1]: Alright. Ok so, do you have any previous history of been admitted in the hospital? 04:24:03 04:24:01 [Speaker 2]: No. 04:24:98 04:25:00 [Speaker 1]: Have you had any case of hypertension, diabetes, sickle cell disease, epilepsy? 04:31:00 04:31:01 [Speaker 2]: No. 04:31:03 04:31:98 [Speaker 1]: How about asthma? 04:32:02 04:32:98 [Speaker 2]: No. 04:33:00 04:33:98 [Speaker 1]: Have you had any surgeries before? 04:34:99 04:35:01 [Speaker 2]: No. 04:35:03 04:36:03 [Speaker 1]: Have you had any form of blood transfusion in the past? 04:40:03 04:39:100 [Speaker 2]: No. I haven't. 04:41:03 04:40:100 [Speaker 1]: How about your family? Your immediate family from your mom and your dad, Is there anyone with any of the conditions I mentioned earlier? Like hypertension, diabetes? 04:50:100 04:51:98 [Speaker 2]: No. 04:52:00 04:53:00 [Speaker 1]: Ok. So tell me about your family. Where do you live? What, Where do you stay? 05:00:98 05:02:03 [Speaker 2]: I stay in Kogi state like I said earlier. I live with my husband and two children in a rural area that is near a swampy region. 05:13:98 05:14:03 [Speaker 1]: Ok. Ok. Ok. Ok, Do you sleep under insecticide treated net? 05:22:100 05:23:01 [Speaker 2]: No. I don't. 05:23:98 05:23:100 [Speaker 1]: You don't sleep under insecticide treated net? 05:26:03 05:25:99 [Speaker 2]: No. 05:26:01 05:26:02 [Speaker 1]: Ok. But do many people in where you, around where you stay come down with malaria? 05:32:01 05:32:98 [Speaker 2]: Yes. 05:33:00 05:33:100 [Speaker 1]: Ok. Do you use any form of insect repellent for mosquitoes? 05:37:00 05:37:02 [Speaker 2]: No. I don't. 05:37:99 05:38:99 [Speaker 1]: Alright. Ok, so do you drink alcohol or smoke cigarette? 05:44:00 05:44:100 [Speaker 2]: No. I don't drink alcohol neither do I smoke cigarette. 05:48:01 05:48:98 [Speaker 1]: Ok. Are you on any prescription drug? 05:51:00 05:51:01 [Speaker 2]: No. 05:51:98 05:52:00 [Speaker 1]: So apart from the paracetamol you took for the fever. Have you had any drugs since this problem started? 05:57:02 05:57:99 [Speaker 2]: No. I haven't. 05:59:03 05:59:00 [Speaker 1]: Ok. Is there any food or drug allergy you have? Any drug or food that makes you react? 06:05:02 06:06:02 [Speaker 2]: No. Not any. 06:07:03 06:08:00 [Speaker 1]: Ok. So I, I am grateful for your responses so far. In order to complete my assessment I would love to investigate, but before investigation I would love to examine you properly. I want to do a general examination and then I want to examine parts of your body and then afterwards I would like to run some investigation. I am really suspecting that you might be having some form of malaria since you stay in a malaria endemic area and you do not sleep under mosquito net or insect repellent. In your family do you have anyone with this same problems? Your children or your husband, is there anyone with this form of, with a similar problem as this? 06:56:01 06:56:98 [Speaker 2]: No. Not really 06:58:03 06:58:01 [Speaker 1]: Alright then. So like I said we are going to run some investigations and that will direct us and guide us towards making a good diagnosis and to know the proper treatment to implement. Alright thank you very much for you responses. Alright. Thank you 07:18:03",medical,438.8350113,19-25,Hausa,NG data/30a5b6a2-8370-4dac-bc7f-e4ae7c1d8562_a4a6daf501c5da95d8f941189e8b6856_NowwEqPI.wav,"00:02:00 [Speaker 1]: So today's topic is who or what defines morality. Morality is a concept that is constantly debated and questioned with varying perspectives on what defines it. Some believe that morality is determined by religious beliefs or cultural norms, while others argue that it is based on personal values and principles. Ultimately, who or what defines morality? Ultimately, the who or what defines morality is a complex and subjective topic, often influenced by a combination of factors such as upbringing, societal influences, and personal experiences. In this sense, mortality can be, morality can be seen as a fluid and constantly evolving concept shaped by individuals and collective perceptions and understandings. So, Bayo, what would you say is the biggest influence on your personal sense of morality? 01:13:03 01:14:99 [Speaker 2]: Okay, this is quite a tricky question, says that what would you say is the biggest influence on your personal sense of morality? Well, one of the things that I've affected, that have greatly influenced my moral values, that would be my upbringing. You see, one of the, as we were growing up, at least up to the time I remember, I was living, I was conscious, but I remember my parents, they were very strict about what we did, our behaviour to ourselves and to others. And they always think about, and they always prioritize one thing, even aside our education and our religious activities that we have good, that we had good upbringing. Number one, one of the things that they taught us. So when in my early stages of life, good moral values were always emphasized such that whenever you see an elderly person, you greet the person. If you see, if you see somebody older than you, you know how to call him, maybe you call him brother so, so, so. Brother, brother Faith. Exactly. Uncle Faith. If he's much older than you or daddy Faith, depending on if he has given birth or daddy and all those simple etiquettes, those can, those are things, those are the moral values I was taught while growing up. Then it goes to, then we talk about societal influences. Now, when one of the things that also the time directly influence my, for us what they call my moral, my morality, that would be my social influences. Because while I was in school, even if I weren't taught by my parents, I would see how people were relating to other people. My younger people would talk to me. Hey, good afternoon, sir. When you see another person greeting the time of day. Good afternoon, ma. Good afternoon, madam. If you want to be someone, you don't know even his name, you know how to address the person. And if you, sorry, and if, and when you see somebody, even older than you want, you know how to address the person. So, and even if I didn't, like I said, even if I didn't see all these things around me, I was. I went to my place, I was all these things around me. So some of the things that influence my moral, my moral values. 03:40:01 03:40:98 [Speaker 1]: So thank you, Bayo but I also like the take something on that. All of the things that influenced my moral values is when I was young, when I used to grow up, I would be given, I'll be given something by many of my uncle or my auntie or someone I know. So when I'm given that thing, maybe my, my sibling will be with me and he will ask some of, some of it for me. Some children that were not well brought up, they would respond negatively that they were not going to give selfishly in a way that they used to do while we were young, they would have clench their shoulder close to their cheek and they will say, son, so that thing used to irritate my parents. And when I grow, also began to irritate me. But when I was young, my parents always taught me that when I asked or something, I will give, I must give, I should give. And even if I don't want to give, I would deny polite, in a polite manner, not show, up in your shoulder because that irritated them so much that they had to, they even had to caution some children that were not there or even when they, when they saw it. And what we done in my life, because of all these things that I've been taught, whenever someone asks me for something, it's always on my mind. That it, it is, that I should give it. But as someone, the person is asking, I'm releasing it, because I have conditioned my heart that once someone asks, you are going to give. And another thing in life is that the way that I've given people, given people that this person is good, that even when I've given him, he's going to give me. And even when I give him, even when he gives me, I'm going to give him. So all that mutual and vice versa cycle has always continued in my life and it has always helped me in my moral values. So over to the next topic, which is. 05:52:99 05:52:99 [Speaker 2]: Wait, let's not go dancing. Yes, let me, I have something to add. So I'll also ask you something. Now, one of the things also that my parents taught me growing up is that we always learn to share. Some other children will just look at it that, look at what I have, how can I share out of it. But one thing my parents always emphasize was that no matter how little or no matter how big it is, you always share. There was certain children in our house and neighbors. They had, they had, they had an only child for the child was about five. But five years later, they had the second born. The difference was about five years. So whenever they think they were born from the younger one, the older one will not share. The younger one was share because. And so if the other one wanted something, you have to steal from the other one. Maybe they take the thing off his hand. So only, you take your share and walk away. This caused a lot of this, problem for the, conflicts for the parents. Because they were always reporting issues. Hey, mom, this, this did to me. Hey, mom, this did that to me. It gave them a lot of problem, and this was because couldn't the children have to share? My parents foresaw this and make sure that no matter, even though I was, I had the little savings. No matter how much what I had, I always learned to share. No matter how small, what the condition, whatever I had, we shared. Whether it was much, whether it was little, whether it was even sufficient, we would share. We would just share it. That's one of the great moral upgrades that my parents gave me, which I'm gratefully appreciate it for. So I think we can go to the next topic now. 07:35:98 07:38:00 [Speaker 1]: And thank you, Bayo, for your contribution, for your contribution, and I would like to cite another example. At my place of work, there used to be, there was a, an executive officer that he was. He wasn't even really into sharing. This is not really into sharing, but I mean, that's moral value and a moral value. This executive officer, whenever he sees his, yes, thank you Bayo, his subordinate, it would not show the subordinate, expect the subordinate, to give greeting. He will greet before the subordinate. Even though the, even though he, some others, some people will feel that I'm in a higher position. This person supposed to greet me before I greet him, and he will not greet him, and if you don't greet me, I want to make sure you pay for it. But this man, this, this officer wasn't like that. Once he saw you, this, this is my, this is my, my friend, and this is my subordinate, he will greet and the person respond to him very politely. This also helped the relationship with other people, because there was even a time that. There was even a time that this man was sorry, so there was even a time that this man was. There was around his personality and his job. So it was questioned by the administrative, administrative office and the administrators. So when it was questioned, it was, it was, it was, the evidence again was against him. But when the peoples, when people heard about this, the subordinates , but when they heard about this, they were very confused that this man, this man is our friend that greet us well, how could he do such a thing. So the people, the officers were not satisfied with their, with their, what they did, what they had, they had concluded to do, to fire him or even demote him to a lower level. But when the, when I said, I mean, the subordinate were alerted, when they heard of this, they pleaded on his behalf for what he had done and they encouraged, they convinced, they successfully convinced their administrative on to, on his, his punishment, and they, they just gave me a second check, because it was not much of an offense, but they gave me a second chance and the man was not. They didn't take that from the. 10:22:02 10:27:99 [Speaker 2]: I also remember one of the, an instance where was, that was. When was that? Anyway, I had a story from my friends that there was. No, sorry, pardon me, let me give this example. I went to one of my friends house. We both grew, we both grew up together, we've known each other since high school. So we went to, I went to his house and already he has married and given birth. So we went, we went together for like a get together party. So I met him there, and everybody was discussing, because we were many hey, Lagbaja, we've not seen today, how is business, how is family, this and that, everybody discussing. In the height of all the laughter, everybody was happy relating with one another. That's when we sent for one child to get him what's the Chivita pack, because he wanted to, we just ran out of Chivita. So the girl wasn't happy that something conflict she had with her mom, so as soon as they grumbling, you know, the way these poor children behave, everybody was greatly appalled by her behaviour . Everybody turned to I said, who just displayed that character? Instantly the man was caught with shame, and my friend was caught to shame, and he said it again, in a louder voice. go do this and this, and even, she complained even louder to him. This, this, what can I say? It caught everybody's attention even more that wow? What again? Then instantly, then instantly. The next time, she said it a third time. And next thing, she went up to his feet, took his slipper, and she slapped the slipper against his face. Everybody was jaw dropped. I didn't even myself, I was, I didn't even know when my, literally, when my jaw just dropped. You can imagine what, how this girl had embarrassed her father, because her father couldn't teach her moral values. Let me also take you to one of the time when I went to my friends home, as I got there, I had heavy load because I had heavy loads. So as I got out of my car and I greeted, when they saw me, they couldn't even greet me, his children, they couldn't greet me. They were looking at me to take, even take my bag, they couldn't. But my friend had to tell them, hey, go and take his bag now, go and take his bag. They couldn't do that. So imagine how this lack of moral values have disgraced his father. It's affecting his family because those children will never listen to him respectfully. Who is this one now? Who is this one now? 13:09:02 13:09:03 [Speaker 1]: And Bayo, not only this family with this moral, lack of moral values affect, it will even affect the children's family, because they have not been taught so why would they teach their children? 13:20:99 13:20:99 [Speaker 2]: Exactly, because it's what, and it's because, and it's what they know now that they would treat their children. They can't just get off the roof of their heads and hey, people are supposed to do. That's what I'm saying, so this is what, this is what is affecting moral values. You see how moral value is affected. That's why I'm grateful for my parents teaching that, they talked me up and they brought me up very well. 13:48:02 13:49:03 [Speaker 1]: Thank you, Bayo. So can we proceed to the second topic? 13:51:02 13:51:02 [Speaker 2]: Yes. 13:52:03 13:53:03 [Speaker 1]: So Bayo what are some common factors that people use to determine what is morally right or wrong? 14:00:02 14:01:00 [Speaker 2]: Okay, now I had a very, I had a friend, she said that she was a very religious person. And when I tell you, a very religious person, I mean very religious person, it's not on the scale you think that she's, when I say religious person, I mean someone that is really, really, what can I say? Not biblical, but very religious. She believed that nobody could really determine what was right or wrong, that only God could do that. You can imagine that if anybody, and if we try to determine, to what's wrong or not, we won't be coy because we are not, we are not, humans are not perfect. I quite agree, but not in that sense. So, so what she did was that she, whenever she saw that, she, whenever she thought of anything that she would tell her heart that her God, what do you want me to do? Is this thing correct? Is this thing right? Is this thing wrong? Is this thing morally correct? and this thing was quite, I must say, it was quite strange to me that what is this woman doing? It was a very odd way of going to determine what is right and wrong. Yes. So let me give you another example, another thing, factor that people think to use to determine what is morally right and morally wrong. Some people, some people believe that society's accepted standards of behaviour often shape people moral compass. What a society accepts this, accept that you don't do this, that you don't do that, that is what they are. They believe in their, that's what they use there, is their moral compass. This is what our society accepts. This is what our culture accept, so this is what one of the things that determines what people do. So now what about our personal concept, conscience, intuition, people just use the, this thing I'm about to do, it doesn't feel right and if it's being done to me, I wouldn't like it. You might be such a selfish. I really appreciate that. I wouldn't like it. It wouldn't do it. This thing I'm about to do, is it really good? And another thing is that a personal reflection play a role. You reflect over what you want to do that what I, look at the consequences I want to do, Is it a good thing to do? Can I take it from someone else? and all these things play a role in guiding individuals to discern right from wrong. So then you also look at the. Some people assess the morality of an action based on its consequences. So they consider it. This is the concept of if I do this thing, this is the consequence if I don't do it. So they weigh their options, which one pays me, which one doesn't. So they do this to, aiming to maximize overall happiness and to minimize suffering. So let's look at ethical principles. Philosophical frameworks such as kantian ethics, virtue ethics and social contract theory provide guidelines for determining moral behavior. So some of the things, factors that, what can I say, that, common factor that people used to determine what is morally right or wrong. 17:20:01 17:22:98 [Speaker 1]: Thank you Bayo and I also like to give some, I also like to answer that question. So, some of the factors that also determine what is morally right or morally wrong is the legal, is the legal system. Because while laws may not always align perfectly with morality, they often reflect sociality, societal values and influence on individuals perceptions of right and wrong. So their perceptions of right and wrong, so most people think about legal system also part of what they used to determine the morality. For example, when you have a case, when you have a case with someone, a problem, maybe someone took your land, they said, this is where his land stop, this is where yours begins, and this is where mine starts. So when we attitude to the court, the court is not, you determine the, the outcome. Yes, the outcome of the case because they will use the evidence available with them that okay, this is, this is the, for example, this is the survey of the land. So if you, I don't care, you are correct. So that's how the law uses their legal system to, to determine moral values. So, Bayo, do you have anything else that you would like to say? 18:56:04 18:56:00 [Speaker 2]: No, I don't think so. 18:56:99 18:57:00 [Speaker 1]: Okay but I'm just listening. One last thing. So another thing is human rights. Because many people base their normal moral judgment on principles of equality, justice and the protection of fundamental rights. Because even when some people, when people have their own belief, that okay, these are what I think, I believe that is correct morally, when they look at it in the eyes of this human activist, would I be correct? Because of this equality will I be correct? Because of the rights they claim for this, because of the rights that they claim for this person, would they like it? Would they take it from me? So the person would not like to align all these beliefs with what that other person's human rights says. So, Bayo, just to conclude, do you have any other thing you'd like to say? 19:46:98 19:46:99 [Speaker 2]: No, I don't. Thank you. 19:49:03 19:49:02 [Speaker 1]: Thank you Bayo. 19:51:03 19:51:00 [Speaker 2]: It's a very good conversation. 19:52:02 19:52:02 [Speaker 1]: Thank you for your contribution too. Thank you. 19:55:03",general,1196.053991,41-55,Yoruba,NG data/b945928d-8fd3-4b41-80ce-6c029486c454_b9d85ee3bf003b868031fb456820e068_4wFMJWvo.wav,"00:00:100 [Speaker 1]: All right, Victor Murphy, you are welcome to today's discussion. We will be talking about a very common practice these days, which was not there in the olden days, that came along with the introduction of Internet, something called online shopping. Victor, I know it's a very familiar word with you, because looking at you is very obvious that you are a new generation man. You are a 21st century man. 00:35:98 00:36:03 [Speaker 2]: Yes. 00:36:99 00:36:99 [Speaker 1]: So, Victor, can you please, a few words, explain to me what you understand as online shopping. 00:47:02 00:48:03 [Speaker 2]: Online shopping is very basic, is a. Is very easy to understand. It's basically the purchase of items, goods and how should I say, services too, because services are also included online, where you make the payments online and the goods are then delivered to you at your home, at the place of your convenience, either to your postal office or sometimes a home delivery. But everything, every transaction, the bargaining and everything is done online. 01:20:99 01:21:03 [Speaker 1]: Okay, so Victor, what you're saying is that online shopping is when somebody makes purchases online and they deliver the product to them in their place of residence. 01:41:01 01:41:02 [Speaker 2]: Yes. 01:41:98 01:41:100 [Speaker 1]: And sometimes it's not only are about goods, it can equally be services. 01:48:97 01:48:100 [Speaker 2]: Yes. 01:49:01 01:49:98 [Speaker 1]: Ok, that is very nice point, Victor, can I know if you have patronized online shopping before? 02:00:03 02:01:01 [Speaker 2]: Yes, about a few months back, I was in need of a phone. 02:04:99 02:05:01 [Speaker 1]: Okay. 02:05:02 02:05:98 [Speaker 2]: So I tried physical shopping for the phone, but the phone I wanted to buy was not available in my country, and the only way to get the phone was through a website, which is very popular, Aliexpress. Okay, so the Aliexpress only does is an online shopping platform. So in order to get the phone, I had to engage myself in online shopping actively, and then that was how I got the phone to my country. So, yes, I can proudly say that I've tried online part online shopping in the past and I still do to date. 02:39:01 02:39:98 [Speaker 1]: Okay, so what you are saying is that you bought your current fine phone that you're using right now online. 02:48:100 02:49:02 [Speaker 2]: Yes. 02:49:98 02:49:100 [Speaker 1]: From an international site called Aliexpress. 02:54:98 02:54:99 [Speaker 2]: Yes. 02:55:01 02:55:97 [Speaker 1]: Okay, Victor, is there any reason why you didn't buy from the local, the online shopping, or do you just prefer the one of international? 03:10:03 03:10:02 [Speaker 2]: No, that's one advantage online shopping has over physical shopping. 03:16:97 03:16:98 [Speaker 1]: Okay. 03:17:00 03:17:02 [Speaker 2]: Physical shopping is limited to the wares that the owner has. 03:21:98 03:21:100 [Speaker 1]: Okay. 03:22:97 03:23:00 [Speaker 2]: Online shopping gives you a variety, because online shopping opens your world of, like, the ability to be able to even purchase, like, different varieties of goods, even from the people making the goods themselves. Some of the people making the goods can actually, like, allow you to buy directly from them via online shopping. But these people that sell physically, they may not have different varieties of the goods because obviously they have, they, they work on a profit margin where they have to sell exactly what the market needs, their locality needs. So if they bring in goods and goods that their locality does not actually need, they'll make a loss. They will not sell that product. So they are supplied. The amount, the variety of goods they have in their physical stores is limited. So that's one advantage of online shopping. 04:16:01 04:16:02 [Speaker 1]: Okay, so what you're saying is that people who sell in physical store has a limited stock, stock amount of goods that they will sell. And online shopping also gives you ability to choose from different vendors. Is that what you mean? 04:34:02 04:34:97 [Speaker 2]: Yes. Yes. 04:35:00 04:35:01 [Speaker 1]: Okay. Victor, can I know if you had any problem shopping online before? 04:40:99 04:42:97 [Speaker 2]: I'll not say I actually had a problem, but I had phobia or fear. 04:49:00 04:49:02 [Speaker 1]: Fear? Ok 04:50:01 04:51:01 [Speaker 2]: Not phobia of trying it out, but phobia that I have tried it out because my goods took time to actually come to me. 05:00:98 05:00:99 [Speaker 1]: Okay. 05:01:02 05:02:03 [Speaker 2]: So I had this fear that it might get lost or something might, bad might happen to it or it may get delivered to a wrong location. But aside that I don't have any problem with online shopping, but eventually the good later got delivered. So. 05:17:02 05:18:03 [Speaker 1]: Got delivered to you? 05:19:03 05:18:99 [Speaker 2]: Yes. 05:19:00 05:19:00 [Speaker 1]: Can I know if the goods was good or was it spoilt? Because I do hear that sometimes people get their goods spoilt on the way while or like on the transit, when they are group their goods is still in transit, it gets spoilt or lost or something. Was your own like that? 05:36:02 05:36:98 [Speaker 2]: Yeah, it was in perfect condition. 05:37:99 05:38:00 [Speaker 1]: Okay. It was in perfect conditions. So if you're giving a chance again or. You will still shop more online or will you still like to shop more online? 05:50:03 05:50:03 [Speaker 2]: Obviously. Obviously. Obviously. 05:51:01 05:51:01 [Speaker 1]: So what you are saying? 05:52:00 05:52:00 [Speaker 2]: I like the ease with online shopping. I'll obviously try it again next time. 05:55:100 05:56:02 Speaker 1]: Okay. With the ease, you tend to enjoy shopping online more? 06:00:98 06:00:98 [Speaker 2]: Yes. 06:00:99 06:01:99 [Speaker 1]: How about the price difference? Don't you consider the fact that the price of offline market will be cheaper than the price of online marketing? 06:11:02 06:15:00 [Speaker 2]: It's subjective, but from my own experience is online shopping. Online shopping, most times the pricing is way lower than the pricing in the local markets. Most times, most times. Because not all shoppers do this. Not all. Sorry, not all market sellers do this, but some of them do shop for their goods online. 06:42:01 06:43:03 [Speaker 1]: Okay. 06:42:99 06:42:99 [Speaker 2]: And when they now shop their goods online, they now sell it at a higher price than the actual price. than the actual price. So if you can get access to the online vendors that they're buying it from, you can actually get it at the real original price without the added fee. 06:57:01 06:57:02 [Speaker 1]: Yeah. 06:57:98 06:57:99 [Speaker 2]: So most times, shopping online can be cheaper than shopping in your local stores. Yes. 07:04:00 07:05:00 [Speaker 1]: So what you're saying is that online can be cheaper sometimes because you tend to get the goods from the original supplier, not from the retailers? 07:13:98 07:14:02 [Speaker 2]: Yes, yes, yes. 07:15:00 07:15:02 [Speaker 1]: Oh, that's very wonderful, Victor. Victor, can I know if you have any specific amount of goods that you can buy online or you can purchase any amount. You know, there are people that used to say that, I can't spend less than 10,000 or less than 100,000 online. Do you think you can purchase a product of up to a million naira online? 07:43:02 07:44:99 [Speaker 2]: Yes. Many people have that fear of purchasing online unless you are dealing with a website. You know, online shopping, you don't just. Online shopping is not just one shop. There are different, different websites selling stuff online. So they are amongst this websites there are trusted website in which they already have a track record of delivering goods to their customers, to their customer base. So those kind of websites, you are in 100% safe hands because they have measures in which that if you ever buy your goods and something bad happens along the way, you can always contact them and you can always have a way to get your goods back or something like that. So because of that security, spending a lot of money online doing online shopping is not actually a big problem because you are in safe hands if you go with the right trusted, vendors. 08:42:00 08:42:01 [Speaker 1]: Okay. Okay. So what you're trying to say is that you are very comfortable with shopping online, no matter the amount of money, once it is a reputable online market. 08:56:01 08:56:98 [Speaker 2]: Yes, online shop. Yes. 08:58:02 08:58:97 [Speaker 1]: Okay. Okay. That's a very interesting one, Victor. I do hope I join to shop online very soon. Now, if people ask you, do you advise them to really shop online or shop offline? 09:14:98 09:16:98 [Speaker 2]: Okay, online shopping is actually very enjoyable because, one, you don't have to like. You don't have to, you don't have to like. There's so many things that are in my mind. So that's why I'm just trying, taking my time to actually go through the thought process. You, there's more convenience because you can actually sit in your home and just click a button and get your stuff ordered to you. You understand? You don't have to actually leave and go to the crowded markets where you'll be struggling with other. Struggling with other shoppers. And you, you, yes, you get frustrated by the environment of the market. You know, how busy markets are now and how frustrating can. And sometimes looking for the item you want in a physical shop in a physical market can be quite stressful, especially if the market is big and you have to walk from one place to another to another. And sometimes, even though you go to the right place, sometimes they may not have the goods you want. Online shopping, most of these online shopping platforms, they made it very easy for you to find the thing you want. All you have to do is just do, just do a little magic with your keyboard, go to the search bar, type the thing you are looking for, and then you get a list, not just one of the item you want, you get a variety of the item you want and you can, at your own convenience, at your bed, even at your bed, choose the item you want and then just make your purchase very easy and fast, and then get your stuff delivered at the most convenient time. 11:04:98 11:06:03 [Speaker 1]: Wow. Wow. That is very interesting, Victor. So what you're saying is that with online shopping, you don't have to pass through the hassle of meeting a lot of people in the market and those walking around, especially in the very large market where you have to trek from one shop to another and make inquiries. But with online shopping, you can just click log into the site and just scroll and pick whatever thing you want without really meeting the seller. I believe you're this type of person that doesn't like all those cat calls that you get from the sellers. 11:42:97 11:42:97 [Speaker 2]: Yeah, yeah, that's very important. Fine boy, come here. 11:45:98 11:47:01 [Speaker 1]: Fine girl. What do you want? 11:48:98 11:48:98 [Speaker 2]: What do you want? 11:48:100 11:49:100 [Speaker 1]: I have it. I have it. Even when they don't, they don't know what you're looking for, but they're already shouting, fine girl, come, come, come. Well, Victor, you have a very solid point. I really agree with you that, shopping online is very interesting. Okay, so it's very, very interesting. But, I, I do hope that we in Nigeria get a strong shopping online platform because I've had a very bad experience where I, I was able to experience this common wish that they call, what I ordered versus what I got. Because there was a time I got a product and it was a product that has been, tampered with. I felt very bad. So that really discouraged me for some time from ordering from that site. So, but with your analysis these days, I think I will, I will try again to reconsider shopping online. 12:51:99 12:53:02 [Speaker 2]: Yeah, you should. You'll actually enjoy it. 12:56:03 12:56:03 Speaker 1]: Even though it gives a big man vibes. I hope I become a bigger man very soon so I can be able to spend millions of Naira 13:03:03 13:03:03 [Speaker 2]: You'll get there. 13:03:00 13:03:97 [Speaker 1]: Without really leaving the comfort of my zone because comfort of my home, because right now, everybody is looking for comfort. Whichever way you can give people comfort, they are ready to give you money. So online shopping to me is also interesting. According to how you described it, I can stay at my home and order. Would you like to tell my audience something else before we end the discussion? Victor, I have been enjoying your gist for some minutes now. For over 13 minutes. 13:32:98 13:34:98 [Speaker 2]: Yeah. I just want to point out some disadvantages of online shopping. 13:38:00 13:38:00 [Speaker 1]: Okay. Outside the advantages of convenience and cheaper prices. 13:43:98 13:44:01 [Speaker 2]: Though online shopping is actually enjoyable and convenient and gives you variety of goods to choose from. 13:50:02 13:49:98 [Speaker 1]: Okay. 13:50:00 13:50:97 [Speaker 2]: One of the most like annoying part of online shopping, I'll not say it annoying to some, its annoying to some. To some, It's not annoying, but it's a con. 14:00:99 14:02:02 [Speaker 1]: Yeah. 14:01:98 14:03:00 [Speaker 2]: Its delayed delivery. 14:05:03 14:04:99 [Speaker 1]: Oh, yes. 14:06:02 14:06:02 [Speaker 2]: Like in, unlike physical shores where items can be given to you immediately. This one, you have to wait for some time, some time for your stuff to be delayed to you. Then another one is weeks of fraud if you fall in the hands of the fraudulent vendors. 14:21:02 14:21:02 [Speaker 1]: Okay. 14:21:98 14:22:00 [Speaker 2]: So that's why I always suggest that you should go with reputable stores online. You should not just shop with anyone. The fact that you cannot bargain price. 14:30:01 14:30:98 Speaker 1]: Yes. 14:31:01 14:32:02 [Speaker 2]: You can bargain with some vendors. Yes. Like some, some do allow you to bargain, but most don't allow you to bargain. Especially the ones that are like websites. Yes. One page websites and those kind of ones that the price now already be set. You have to only be. The only way to make payments is just slot in your credit card and pay. But some do allow you, especially if some of them are vendors that use social media accounts. You can actually bargain and chat with them. But most of them that are like big shops, shopping website like Aliexpress, Jumia and the rest, you know, the names, they don't allow you to bargain. I think that's all. That's all I want. 15:13:100 15:14:01 [Speaker 1]: Victor, thank you so much for this, your wonderful contribution. I really appreciate giving me your busy time tonight. Thank you, Victor. 15:22:98 15:23:01 [Speaker 2]: Yeah, glad having you. 15:25:02",general,925.2380045,26-40,Igbo,NG data/9c267f6c-5a01-4174-bdd3-a53ff045f506_32046be741777d3536fc13f449fa8d95_trLvKomC.wav,"00:02:00 [Speaker 1]: So today I would like to discuss a topic with you. The topic is happiness versus peace. So overview happiness and peace are two concepts that are often used interchangeably but have distinct differences. Happiness is a subjective emotional state that is often associated with experiencing joy, pleasure, and satisfaction. It is a temporary and fleeting feeling that can be easily influenced by external factors such as relationships, achievements, and material possessions. On the other hand, peace is a state of mind that is characterized by inner calm, contentment, and harmony. It is not dependent on external factors, but rather a sense of inner security and acceptance. Peace is a long term state of being that is not easily influenced by temporary events or circumstances. In essence, happiness is a momentary emotion while peace is a state of being. While both are desirable goals, It is important to understand that happiness and peace are not mutually exclusive. It is possible to experience both simultaneously, but ones pursuit of happiness should not be prioritized over finding inner peace and balance in life. Sample discussion prompts: I was reading an article on happiness and it mentioned how some people prioritize peace over happiness. What are your thoughts on this? Do you think it is possible to have both at the same time? Let me know what you think. 02:01:00 02:02:01 [Speaker 2]: Okay, thank you very much for this question. To be very honest, I think peace should be prioritized over happiness first, because I feel as humans, we have these fake crazy standards or definition of what we think happiness is. For instance, a lot of us don't see happiness as the very little things we tend to associate it with financial stability, an obsession with success just for us to feel among, or, you know, just for the fake standards set by the society. Like, oh, you are a lawyer, so you have made it in life. Oh, you are a doctor, so your life is made. So, as I've said earlier, for me, I will prioritize peace because peace is a state of being, just like you said in the introduction. Like, yes, I have made peace with myself not to get obsessed with success so much that will destroy me. I am. I have made peace with myself that I will find happiness in the very little things in my life. And for us to attain. Or let me say, for me to attain peace in my life, there's one very big thing I removed. It is envy or looking at someone else's pace in life like, ah, my friends are graduating, but me, I still have a spill. I have one year left. Once you start thinking about things like that, you will not have peace in your life because it will lead to envy, it will lead to jealousy, it will lead to hatred. You might even destroy your happiness in the process. So overall, I believe peace can be attained once you have conquered your mind to achieve it. And for someone that have found peace, happiness is not far from your reach at all. You are definitely going to find happiness. So, thank you. That's what I think. 04:21:99 04:22:00 [Speaker 1]: Yeah, I agree with you. Because personally, I think once you've found peace, happiness is not really out of your reach. Because, you know, to me, peace is, Whether this thing happens or not, I am okay with it. I am satisfied. Peace is more about satisfaction.You know, the point of making your. Mind or your soul feel relaxed, like you're bothered. Peace is not about being okay. Let me give you an example. I am bidding for a contract. Whether I get the contract or not, I have made peace with myself that. I won't let it bother me, but, Rather, if I get it, yeah, I will be grateful to God. I will, you know, appreciate my own efforts and be grateful to God. But if I don't get the contract, I am going to try again or see where the problem is. That is what I just feel Peace is all about. While happiness is just this crazy obsession of you perfecting your life, which is, you know, nearly impossible. So the first step to finding happiness is finding peace. So I'm going to be asking you the next question now. I've always believed that true happiness comes from inner peace. But I know some people who chase after happiness constantly. What do you think is more important, finding happiness or finding peace? Let me know what you think. 06:09:03 06:12:99 [Speaker 2]: So, as I've said earlier, me personally, I think happiness is not something that needs to be constantly chased if you've not attained inner peace. Because that is just you setting yourself up for destruction, I'm sorry to say. Why? There's no harm in chasing happiness. We should be careful about ways in which we chase happiness and put, you know, into consideration that we don't always get what we want in life. Except that some people use other means, of course, illegal means, to get them sometimes, which, you know, leads to their destruction. And ultimately it leads to them being temporarily happy or from being temporarily happy to be unhappy for life. So I rather people set their goals straight by them finding inner peace. Then go ahead to pursue happiness while being peaceful at heart. To be able to live a healthy and a truly fulfilling happy life. In conclusion, peace is what will give a man true happiness, and not just an illusion or temporary happiness. So the step is finding peace. You have to find peace to find true happiness. And that's what I think. That's final. Thank you very much for allowing me to speak. 07:52:03 07:55:04 [Speaker 1]: Wow, you've, You've made a lot of sense to me, too. I think you have to find peace to be truly happy in life. And I hope we all find peace and. Or let's say I hope we all make peace with whatever is going on in our lives. Because after finding peace, then happiness should not be difficult to find. Though I think peace is. Peace does not, Peace does not necessarily mean you're happy. It's just mean, Whether this works out or not, you choose to be at peace. Like, you are not bothered, you're not disturbed about whatever is going on, you know, in your life. So, yeah, I hope we all find peace and happiness in our lives. Thank you very much for having this conversation with Thanks you 08:51:03 08:52:01 [Speaker 2]: You are welcome. No problem. 08:54:04 08:57:03 [Speaker 1]: All right. Have a nice day. Bye. 09:00:100",general,541.2510204,19-25,Hausa,NG data/0f572000-4660-4c37-addc-3443e3448e0c_3da863b6598d1e169a37f2e890afd724_5eQmIwz9.wav,"00:01:96 [Speaker 1]: Okay, so today's topic is the church, state and politics. The relationship between the church, the state and politics has been a subject of debate and controversy for centuries. The church as an institute upholds significant influence and power over the state and political decisions. In many societies. Religion plays a crucial role in shaping the political landscape and influencing policies. However, the separation of church and state is also found, is also a fundamental principle in many countries where the government is not supposed to be under control or influence of a particular religion. The discussion around this topic often revolves around issues such as the role of religion in government, the extent of religious freedoms, and the impact of religious beliefs on political decision making. Ultimately, the relationship between the church, state and politics is a complex and ongoing dialogue with various perspectives and viewpoints. So one of our questions for today is what are our thoughts on the separation of the church and how and state and how it impacts politics? And do you believe religion should play a role in government decisions? Well, this is quite a handful. Well, I'll take the lead on this. So one of the first four. The religion should not have a part to play in politics. I know some. I know you will often ask why? Well, that's because religion is a very powerful thing. Because one of the key things about religion is that bad things about religion is that religion doesn't, doesn't need to be explained. Anything can be in religion. Religion can believe that the earth was made from sand and green sand and everybody would take it that way. Because that's what we know. It doesn't have to make sense. All it's just needs to be. Just to be that. And it's that. So because of this, religion is so, is bland, is so, is, uh, what can I say? Uh, is just there. So I wanted about politics, is that politics, one thing gives to the other. Without this, you can't have that. So when you are wanting, when you want to include something on, is like an uncertainty with a certainty. If the canton cannot mix together, there will be problem. I mostly look at religion. Religion believes that the count they should. Each religion believes that there should only be one religion. So because of this, this are one of the reasons why religion cannot coexist, cannot play a role in government decision. One thing about religion, religion also supports it also is that believes that they can only be one religion. Christianity believes that it is the only, is the only original one. And every other thing is counterfeit, is fit and it's fake and we leave them to destruction. So because of this, if religions start playing a role in political, in government decisions, it will cause a bias. When a christian president is unseat, you will be biased towards Islam citizens, even though they are of the same nation, you understand it cause marginalization and they cause problem in society, in the government. So, so another, and there's another thing. Well, let's also look at nations who have been, let's take the Iran, Iraq, all these nations for example. They are being ruled by religion and is having negative effects on them. Number one, when number one is constitutional, what can I say? It's causes a tighter picture because everything around them is Islam, Islam, Islam. And because of that, christians are not what can I say, are not motivated to go there. And this affects their economy because even if personally, even if there are some artifacts there, some choice attractions there, I wouldn't go there because of their religion. That is a religious state. So this is, and this is affecting the economy. So these are one of the reasons why, what can I say? Why religion cannot play or should not play a role in government decisions. 04:21:96 04:24:02 [Speaker 2]: Let me cut you there. Let me cut you there. I don't, I certainly do not agree with what you are saying. I agree. I certainly do not agree with what you have said because honestly I believe religion should have a play, I honestly believe, don't believe that religion should have a plain. Religion should have a play in the state and all others. Because when you look at it without religion, what are we, we have to draw closer to God. Imagine if we have, we are in a tie down now. And we don't, just like the country is ruled by nothing. We are just, there is nothing between us. There is no religion. The country should have a united liturgy and Muslim. And this, okay, this time when look at it, sorry, like Christians will rule in till 1960 to maybe 2020, then 2020 muslims will rule. Imagine it now the Christians imagine if Muslims have been winning consistently, the Christians will feel, the Christians will feel biased that probably, probably they are being cheated. But it will just be normal luck. But when everything is arranged according to religion, no one will feel bad cheated. So I believe that religion should be added to government. 05:58:97 06:00:99 [Speaker 1]: You should play a role in government. 06:00:99 [Speaker 2]: Yes. 06:00:99 06:02:100 [Speaker 1]: Okay. Thank you contribution. Thank you precious for your contribution. Okay. And I'll see you next time. Thank you. 06:12:98",general,373.3060091,19-25,Yoruba,NG data/c5d612f8-d493-4611-a5da-168ecbd3db35_9067b13f32307995eeed4cc745572958_FNYbXpvX.wav,"00:00:97 [Speaker 1]: Today we'll be talking on a very interesting topic. Sickle cell disease. What can you say about this disease? 00:06:96 00:07:00 [Speaker 2]: Okay. Sickle cell disease is actually a hematological disorder. It is an autosomal recessive disorder, meaning that when it is inherited, except the two forms, two abnormal genes are inherited. If not, the person will not manifest with the disorder. So it is an autosomal recessive disorder which affect the beta chain of the. Of the globe of hemoglobin, you understand? And then this beta chain, it's actually. At position six of the chain where there is replacement of glutamine by valine. And then it causes the blood, the blood cell to be sickle instead of a normal biconcave disc shape of the blood, you understand? And it makes it non deformable or it doesn't change shape easily when it is maneuvering or it's passing through blood vessels. So therefore, when it reaches capillaries, I mean, tiny vessels in the body, it becomes very. When there is deoxygenation, it becomes sickle shape. And this sickle shape prevents it from maneuvering this blood vessel, negotiating these blood vessels, and it sticks to the wall of the blood vessel and then occludes the blood vessel, forming tactoids. And over time, if this process. If this process continues, it's like a vicious cycle. Because of the deoxygenation, there is formation of this tactoid. And because of the formation of this tactoid, there's further deoxygenation, which causes increased formation of this tactoid. And there's an obstruction of blood vessel, and it manifests in various ways, you know, so which is usually called sickle cell crisis, the acute crisis of sickle cell, and then there are chronic crisis of sickle cell. 01:40:99 01:41:99 [Speaker 1]: So from what I understand, from what you are saying, you are trying to say that sickle cell is a genetic disorder characterized by abnormal hemoglobin, right? 01:49:97 01:49:97 [Speaker 2]: Yes, that is correct. 01:50:98 01:50:98 [Speaker 1]: That means the blood. What is the lifespan of a sickle cell blood and then a normal blood? 01:55:98 01:56:01 [Speaker 2]: Usually the lifespan of a normal blood is about 120 days, while that of sickle cell blood, blood cell is about 10 to 20 days. Some say 10 to 30 days. 02:07:99 02:08:95 [Speaker 1]: Okay, you mentioned something again. That sickle cell happens when a child receives two sickle cell genes. 02:13:97 02:13:99 [Speaker 2]: Yes. 02:14:95 02:14:98 [Speaker 1]: So why do. That's one from each parent? 02:16:96 02:15:99 [Speaker 2]: Yes. 02:17:95 02:17:95 [Speaker 1]: That's when two carriers AS and AS marry their self. They are likely to have a child with SS, the sickle cell hemoglobin. 02:24:99 02:24:99 [Speaker 2]: Yes. or let me explain it. For someone, usually for someone with AS and AS, you understand? A is the normal, while S is the abnormal, which is a sickle cell. So AS - AS, when they get married, there's a 25% chance that each of their child can come out as a sickler or as a sickle cell disease patient. I'm not saying that there's a 25% child that all their children chance that all their children or their children will be sickle cell patient. No, it's not as if when you give birth to one, two, three, the fourth one will be sickle cell patient. No, that is not the chance. The chances are each of the child. They give birth to has a 25% chance of being a sickler. So it is even possible that all your children will not be sickle cell patient. And it's possible that all your children can still be. It's possible that two of your children, maybe out of four, can be. So it's just like that. 03:20:96 03:21:95 [Speaker 1]: Okay, thank you. So what are the symptoms of this sickle cell? 03:24:96 03:24:98 [Speaker 2]: Okay, I was talking about sickle cell crisis earlier. So the acute crisis include things like vaso-occlusive crisis, hyperhemolytic crisis, sequestration crisis, and aplastic crisis. So what is vaso occlusive crisis? Now, like I explained earlier, there is occlusion of the blood vessel by formation of this tactoid, and then this causes vaso occlusion. This is what they call vaso occlusion, and it leads to a crisis and painful 03:53:01 03:51:98 [Speaker 1]: Can you please explain what occlusion means. 03:53:97 03:53:99 [Speaker 2]: Okay. Occlusion means obstruction in a blood vessel. 03:56:98 03:56:98 [Speaker 1]: Okay 03:57:96 03:57:97 [Speaker 2]: Yeah. You know, the blood vessel is usually patents, allowing flow of blood. So when there is an obstruction by formation of this sickle cell, or tactoids, as the case may be, then it is called vaso occlusive crisis. And it can occur anywhere in the body, you understand? It can occur in the brain, where it is called cerebral crisis, acute cerebral crisis. It can occur in the chest, which is called acute chest syndrome. It can occur in the abdomen, which is called mesenteric crisis. It can occur in the penis, which is called priapism. It can occur in the bone. They call it bone pain crisis. You understand? And this crisis comes with pain, severe pain, usually, which they usually are admitted for. And this crisis can be precipitated by various activities or conditions, like infection, like malaria, for instance, can precipitate the crisis. Stress, stressful condition, dehydration extremes of temperature, like maybe high temperature or low temperature. So each of these conditions can predispose them to developing this crisis, you understand? So the second crisis is aplastic crisis, where there is infection of immature blood cells in the bone marrow by parvovirus B 19. And then this, if this affect the development of the maturation of this blood in the bone marrow, to normal blood. Blood cells, you understand? Or to mature blood cells, let me put it that way. So they become anemic. And then you see that they do not get enough. When they say a plastic means it's coming from the bone marrow, there's affectation of the red blood cell line from the bone marrow. Then the next crisis, which is a sequestration crisis, is as a result of pooling of blood from the systemic circulation into the spleen, usually it presents with abdominal swelling and distension, you understand? Because the spleen, they present with splenomegally, the spleen becomes very distended. And then it pulls the blood and then it leads to anemia, severe anemia, and usually managed on admission with careful transmission of aliquot. Although we are going of blood, although we are going to talk about management of this condition, second, then fourthly, which is the last crisis in acute crisis is the hyperhemolytic crisis. Like the name implies, hyper hemolytic may increase destruction of blood cells. You know, these blood cells are actually not, they're actually not normal. So usually each time they flow through the, they flow through the spleen or it circulates through the spleen. They are usually tagged as abnormal blood because usually they have been affected in the systemic circulation when, where there is, anytime there is deoxygenation. So the spleen keeps destroying these blood cells. That's why you always see them presenting with jaundice, you understand? Because there's constant destruction of the breakdown of the red blood cell. So this leads to, this is what is called hyper hemolytic crisis. 06:58:95 06:58:99 [Speaker 1]: Okay, so in summary, you're saying that sickle cell patients may suffer from chronic anemia, fatigue, pain crisis, and then jaundice. 07:08:00 07:07:96 [Speaker 2]: Yes. These ones I just listed are the acute crisis. They are chronic crisis too. 07:13:99 07:13:99 [Speaker 1]: That's like. Are they like the complications of sickle cell. 07:16:96 07:15:99 [Speaker 2]: These are complications? 07:17:00 07:17:96 [Speaker 1]: Yes. And I think they include things like organ damage. 07:19:97 07:19:99 [Speaker 2]: Yeah. These are actually long term chronic crisis, Like 07:24:95 07:23:95 [Speaker 1]: Stroke 07:24:00 07:24:97 [Speaker 2]: Exactly. It can, sickle cell can manifest as stroke. 07:27:97 07:27:98 [Speaker 1]: What about infections? And then why do you think sickle cell patients, they usually have delayed growth like you see them, and then you see other normal children, they are all growing bigger. Then you see that the sickle cell child is left behind. 07:39:97 07:39:99 [Speaker 2]: Yes, This is called failure to thrive. Failure to thrive because usually they don't get enough oxygen. Their tissues don't get enough oxygen. So you don't expect the tissue that is not getting enough oxygen to grow well as normal as other cell, other people whose tissues are always getting enough oxygen. So they have this failure to thrive. Usually they're usually smaller than their pairs and the fact that they're always falling ill sick. So there are periods where they don't even get to eat well because they are sick for a very long period of time. So it affects them. You understand? So we are just saying something about stroke. 08:13:96 08:13:97 [Speaker 1]: Yes. 08:14:97 08:14:97 [Speaker 2]: Usually in adults, it's hemorrhagic stroke they do have. But in sickle cell patient, it is ischemic stroke. It's chemical in the sense that they don't get enough blood through the brain tissues, and then it leads to stroke. So let's talk about the chronic crisis. 08:29:95 08:29:95 [Speaker 1]: What about the infection? What kind of infection can they have? 08:33:00 08:32:96 [Speaker 2]: They can have any kind of infection. They can have malaria, they can have pneumonia, they can have even bone infections like osteomyelitis. 08:41:96 08:41:99 [Speaker 1]: Then finally, does the organ damage occur because there is no enough blood to this organ or is due to the infection? Like... 08:51:00 08:50:97 [Speaker 2]: It can come from both ways, you understand? Like I mentioned earlier, stroke is like a focal neurological deficit, a sudden onset of focal neurological deficit. That means the brain is being damaged. So when there is ischemic stroke, of course, blood is not really getting enough to the brain. So it can cause damage, you understand, of the blood of the brain. So the same thing with other organs, too. Enough oxygen is not reaching them, or, you understand, it can cause damage because there's like, kind of ischemia. There's not sometimes occlusion of the blood vessels. 09:20:100 09:21:01 [Speaker 1]: So what kind of medication do you think that sickle cell patients need? Like, actually, I know that they will have a lot 09:27:98 09:27:98 [Speaker 2]: Okay, before, before I get to that, I want to talk a little about the chronic crisis, which we have. The cardiomyopathies affecting the heart. We have retinopathies, the... sorry sickle cell retinopathies affecting the retina of the eyes. And then we also have sickle cells, sickle cell nephropathy affecting the nephrons, you understand? So these are some of the chronic crisis. Over time, there's accumulation, and then there's repeated ischemia to these tissues, and then it affects them. You get the point. So now talking about management of sickle cell patients, it's not a curable disease anyways. Although we've heard about stem cell transplants in developed countries, however, in a country like ours, usually is being managed. And management of this involves a lot of effort and involves a lot of understanding and cooperation between the patient, the caregiver of the patient, and also the hospital, the facility where the patient is actually being managed, you understand? So first of all, you give some medications which help them to prevent or reduce the number of crises they have. 10:35:97 10:35:97 [Speaker 1]: Like pain relievers. 10:36:98 10:36:98 [Speaker 2]: No, this in this case to prevent or to reduce the number of crises they have. I'm talking about medications like. Like malaria, chemoprophylaxis. This time around, it's usually fansidar they give, you understand? So they give them fansidar once a month. That helps them to reduce or to prevent malaria, you understand? It's a prophylaxis from malaria. Hydroxyurea is also given, which helps in increased production of fetal hemoglobin, which also have increased affinity for oxygen. It helps them reduce the crisis, the frequency of crisis as well. Then they are usually giving folic acid too, you understand? They are not giving iron because they have excess of iron from breakdown of red blood cells. So they are not usually giving iron. 11:22:00 11:22:00 [Speaker 1]: I also heard that they advise to take water frequently, avoid stressful exposure, and then, and then exposure to extremes of temperature, like extremes of heat and cold. So how is it being managed when they're in crisis? 11:35:99 11:38:00 [Speaker 2]: Okay, it's usually depending on the crisis they present with, you know? So for instance, for someone who presents with vessel occlusive crisis, you're usually in pain, then they are giving. Usually management involve pain management. Where they are giving painkillers, usually they are giving pentazosine. And also you want to rehydrate them because some. Most times they come with dehydration and you are being rehydrated with one and a half maintenance, you understand? That is one and a half maintenance for normal individual. And then you want to also check whether they have infection, because most times infection precipitates like malaria or pneumonia, as the case may be. You also manage with antibiotics or appropriate antibiotics or anti-malarial to treat the infection. You also want to give oxygen if there is need for that. The same way if they present with acute chest syndrome, you follow this management and then you also want to give oxygen. You also want to do chest physiotherapy for them. And sometimes it may require for you to do exchange blood transfusion if there is no improvement. In the same way, if they're present with sequestration crisis, you are going to transfer, you may have to transfuse them, but then you transfuse in aliquot. That is, you don't transfuse everything at once because it is risky. The spleen may just decide to release the blood into the circulation at once and it will lead to excess blood in circulation, which is in itself is also bad. 13:03:100 13:04:99 [Speaker 1]: I feel like instead of trying to find ways to manage this sickle cell, we should find ways to even prevent it from occurring at all. Like, how do you think apart from people advice to am people with the genotype AS and AS are advice not to marry each other. But some of them are not even aware of this. So I think there should be more awareness and more counseling. And then before marriage, people are supposed to go on screen and know their genotype. I hope you know your genotype. 13:32:00 13:32:96 [Speaker 2]: Yes, I know my genotype and I agree with the point you are trying to make. It's actually apart. So they are also. People are also to go for marriage counseling, you understand, especially by professionals in the society, like coming to hospital, as the case may be, or even if it's in churches that are well informed, they should go for marriage counseling so that they'll be counseled properly to avoid this condition, you understand? People also talked about permanent cure or treatment for this condition. Well, I heard in some countries, in some very advanced countries and facilities, they do stem cell transplants, your bone marrow transplant, and this helps to cure the condition. However, it is very expensive at the moment. Very few people can afford it. However, there are new researches going on. There are novel researches going on with the hope that they will come up with treatment modalities that can be affordable and that can lead to cure this condition. It is our hope that as time goes on, we will find a cure, a permanent cure for sickle cell anemia, And then this condition will not be a problem to the world. 14:42:00 14:42:100 [Speaker 1]: Living with sickle cell can be very challenging on both the sickler and then the families and the loved ones of the sickle. And then I feel like we should give them all the support they need and then we should try to avoid anything that has to do with stigmatization of the disease and the people living with the disease. They should be allowed to have jobs that they can handle, that their health condition can handle, and then they should be allowed to socialize, and then they should be allowed to also have relationship study, some kind of course, all kind of courses that they actually desire. There should be no stigmatization. The whole society should come together to support these people, because already they are already going through a whole lot. 15:19:96 15:21:00 [Speaker 2]: I agree with you on that. 15:20:100 15:21:97 [Speaker 1]: And then once again, you are all advised to know your genotype. If you haven't done that, try to do that today. And try to also let us all come together to totally eradicate sickle from our society, know your genotype. 15:33:97 15:33:98 Speaker 2]: Know your genotype 15:35:100 15:33:98 Speaker 1]: Know your genotype 15:35:100",general,936.11,26-40,Idoma,NG data/3e27c06c-8ba1-4511-88e6-c75b2d9d8839_51dd4c8f38d77abd8121762ffe94e844_6wkqF1XT.wav,"00:01:99 [Speaker 1]: So, Fajilo, nice having you once again. Well, today we're going to be talking about which is more important, creativity or knowledge. So, you know, what is different when you think about creativity and knowledge? What strikes the difference between the two? 00:15:04 00:17:03 [Speaker 2]: I think creativity, in modern society, creativity is more independence than knowledge, because knowledge, someday, like knowledge, it comes, like through. When you get knowledge. Some people, when attaining knowledge, they go through government works and all those stuff. But creativity can be more independent. 00:38:03 00:40:00 [Speaker 1]: All right, so creativity is more. Knowledge is more restricted. You gain knowledge from someone else. Creativity is inbound, inborn, right. It's something that just comes from within, correct? 00:51:100 00:51:100 [Speaker 2]: Yes. 00:52:00 00:53:03 [Speaker 1]: Okay. So the debate over whether creativity or knowledge is more important has been a long standing topic of discussion among philosophers, scholars, and innovators. Both creativity and knowledge are essential elements in our lives. You agree with me on that, but there is no consensus on which one should be given more weights. Well, if you are to ask me, I would say both are very important. You need knowledge. You, you. It's good to be creativity. 01:20:03 01:22:02 [Speaker 2]: You need. You actually need knowledge to apply the creative aspect that you have. 01:26:98 01:28:01 [Speaker 1]: Exactly. You need that knowledge. But if you have only knowledge, without creativity, you are just like any other person. There's nothing special about you. You need to be creative for your knowledge to stand out. So, on one hand, knowledge is often perceived as the foundation of progress and advancement, while on the other hand, creativity is viewed as the driving force between innovation and originalism. In this ongoing debate, some believe that knowledge enables individuals to think critically and solve problems efficiently, while others argue that creativity allows for the exploration of new ideas and solutions. Ultimately, the importance of creativity and knowledge may depend on individual perspectives and context. So now for the. I want to ask you a question. What do you think is the key to success? Is it being creative or having vast knowledge on a topic. 02:13:01 02:14:100 [Speaker 2]: both are more important, but I think it leans more towards creativity in the current society that we are being creative, because knowledge. Knowledge is some. The knowledge is the key to success, but when that knowledge isn't able to be applied practically, won't really have any effect in society. 02:36:99 02:38:02 [Speaker 1]: Okay, so you. Creativity has a higher standing in the. If you have to put it in the balance, creativity will be weighing higher, right? 02:45:02 02:45:02 [Speaker 2]: Yes. 02:45:03 02:47:00 [Speaker 1]: Okay, I agree with you on that. So what has been your personal experience in balancing creativity and knowledge in your work or personal life. 02:54:02 02:58:02 [Speaker 2]: Like creative creativity. I'm still a second, I'm still a university student, but when it comes to creativity, I'm more focused on artwork and stuff like that. 03:08:98 03:10:03 [Speaker 1]: All right, so how you are more focused on artwork. Right. But you talked about you being a secondary school student, right or university student right. Okay, so you do know that there's a way to apply creativity into your studies. Yes, there is. You know? Right. So what comes, what kind of methods have you thought about and have you tried applying them? 03:36:01 03:40:02 [Speaker 2]: I personally, I haven't applied any creative aspect to my, my university life, but I think when applying creativity to your university life, stuff like engineering. When it comes to engineering, there are some stuff you can do outside of academic work that can help you earn money and stuff like that. 04:02:98 04:04:01 [Speaker 1]: Okay. Okay. Yeah. Being a bit fake, but I think I understand what you're trying to say. For me, when I think about creativity in studies, I'm thinking about, oh, how you and I are reading for both reason. Reading for 12 hours, right. In a day. Let's just assume that I read every 12 hours in a day. You also read 12 hours in a day. You read a whole 12 hours in a stretch. Maybe you only take breaks to eat or have a short nap or something like that, but then I read for the same 12 hours. But then maybe every 30 minutes I take a break, I just draw something, I scribble something down, or I just write a design or look up a dag, a cursive handwriting, a new course of handwriting and put it down. You know, just things that fancy my fancy, fancy my liking. For me, it's art. For somebody else, it might be music. So you might just take that break and use to bring your brain back to recover your brain, you know, drag your brain. Because the truth is that when you study, your brain tends to wear like your brain is being strained. So you have to bring jack your brain by bringing, rejuvenating it with things that it actually likes. So somebody who's creative will put those things in between reading times, while someone else who is like you, who is reading for that 12 hours will only stop when he needs to. Like maybe he needs, he's feeling sleepy, then he goes to take a nap, which is good. It's actually a great, it's a great plan. And also maybe he needs to, he's hungry, he goes to take a simple meal and come back. But I feel like the one who's taking breaks and being creative about it is going to have grasp more because the brain is looking forward to those breaks. I don't know if you get what I'm saying, but basically, I think that's how you apply creativity to studies. There are many other ways you can apply creativity to studies. Tooth tip of the iceberg. But also if you think about many other aspects in life. Let's talk about football. Because I know you love football. You can have all the knowledge about football that you want to, but if you don't have the skills, you won't prosper. Right? And even if you have the skills and you are playing football, if you're not creative about it, you won't stand out. What do you think makes Ronaldo and Messi stand up? They are creative about how they play. That's what makes them stand out in their. In their field. So I feel like creativity is just a topping that makes you stand out in whatever field you are in. If you're an engineering student, you stand out. If you're a pharmacy student, you stand out. Is there anything you want to add about this topic before we round off? 06:33:98 06:35:98 [Speaker 2]: I think that's all. Okay. 06:35:99 06:37:02 [Speaker 1]: You don't have anything else to add? Okay. Thank you very much, Fidel, for being here today. 06:39:03 06:39:98 [Speaker 2]: Thank you for having me. 06:39:99",general,401.01,19-25,Ebira,NG data/f01e751c-11e3-498b-a6ee-5d9bf11ac8cd_95fe9edeaff641cffc80057f4226076b_gllYn1FP.wav,"00:00:98 [Speaker 1]: Okay. So, dear Hafsa, I want us to discuss about what makes a good leader. Alright. I think a leader is a person that many people are under him. He is responsible for, he is responsible for the so many administrations. So then how can we know that this is a good leader? 00:19:01 00:20:97 [Speaker 2]: Well, well, well, this is a broad topic, actually, but let's just talk, you know, basically. Not actually the practical terms. So basically, when you say someone is a good leader, we need to talk of his dignity, you know, definitely dignity inside honesty, you know, generosity. Plenty of stuff, actually. 00:43:99 00:43:99 [Speaker 1]: But then how can we know that this is an honest person? He's generous. 00:47:97 00:47:98 [Speaker 2]: Well, it's very hard, actually, because, you know, politics, let's say leaders, when they are looking for positions, you know, they tend to form holy, holy. 00:55:01 00:55:97 [Speaker 1]: Yes, I've witnessed lots, lots of incidents. 00:58:98 00:58:98 [Speaker 2]: So you see, you just have to work with what you can see. But then think beyond that, actually. 01:03:01 01:03:97 [Speaker 1]: But then, okay, then, a good leader, I think based on me, if we are looking for a good leader, we need to check for the quality, such as his ability to guide, honesty, as you said, generosity. And is it man of his word? Yes, yes politeness, is it, is this person a harsh person? 01:28:100 01:29:00 [Speaker 2]: It shouldn't actually be entirely polite. We need some, as a leader, you have to be. yes, polite somehow, but then you have to be somehow strict. So in between, something in between, actually. 01:38:99 01:39:96 [Speaker 1]: Because his administration can decide to share some. Yes. Then what if after voting, the leader happens to fail from what he said he would do? Maybe we find out that he's a bad leader. Then what do you think can we do? Can we just impeach him? Or we have to wait? Or are we supposed to fight him? 02:01:97 02:01:100 [Speaker 2]: Well, let's take most of African, let's say a democratically operating system. The impeachment is actually left for the Senate. They are our representatives. Then they decide what to do. Maybe when they hear about the complaints. That is, in theoretical aspect, that you can find that in a constitution, let's say for the Federal Republic of Nigeria, you can impeach a president or a leader. But then that's basically to be honest in theoretical terms, in practical aspect. Now, if you're talking about peers, if. you're. 02:34:01 02:35:01 [Speaker 1]: You are to dive into the practical. 02:35:98 02:35:98 [Speaker 2]: It's very hard, actually. Honestly. We had a professor taking us a course. What he actually said that the only reasonable, practical thing you can do about it is just to be patient, you know, all those protests or whatever. 02:52:00 02:52:97 [Speaker 1]: Yes, this patient that you said, you just. 02:54:99 02:54:99 [Speaker 2]: Have to be, I'm coming, I'm coming. You just have to be patient and then wait for the next period of election and then don't vote for that person into power again. So basically that's the most. 03:04:01 03:04:98 [Speaker 1]: What if it's in a hard time? Do you think that patiently waiting, won't it say there is. 03:12:00 03:12:99 [Speaker 2]: What do you think a common man is going to do about it? What do you think a common man is going to do about it? He has no power. Yes, he has some rights. Let's talk. Okay, let's not dive into, you know, but let me give you an example so that you understand where I'm headed. Let's take Nigeria as a case study. In the constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, your fundamental human rights are guaranteed, and also there are some rights that is right to education, you know, right to, right to, right to health, health, right to quality water. It is your right. But do you know that that same constitution that granted you that right under section two also limited that thing. That you cannot go to court of law to enforce that right. That means you cannot go to court of law to say that this leader has not provided me with quality water. Therefore I call for enforcement of my right. That same constitution has prohibited that. So tell me then, what is the hope of the common man? Patience. You just have to be patient. Do you say you'll come out and riot, you know, yeah, you can do peaceful protest, but then what does it result to actually does it profer solution? 04:18:00 04:18:98 [Speaker 1]: I don't think so. 04:19:97 04:19:97 [Speaker 2]: The practical thing is just to be patient and then vote for the next senior and then don't vote for that person. 04:24:96 04:24:96 [Speaker 1]: Yes, yes. 04:26:01 04:26:01 [Speaker 2]: So what practically you are supposed to do then before you vote that particular person, don't go beyond, you know, they give. you spaghetti and then you just go and vote. Just be reasonable, you know, try to see, do you see potential in this person and then vote it so that's. 04:42:98 04:43:00 [Speaker 1]: Yes, Let's talk about our own beliefs. Our own beliefs, let's say my own beliefs. What are the values that I want to see in a leader? A leader, I think based on my own, the values that I want to see in a leader, he should be trustworthy. That's the most important thing I think. Trustworthy. 05:01:99 05:04:01 [Speaker 2]: Yes, actually that's why I keep on repeating in theoretical time, how are you going to know that this person is actually a trustworthy? 05:10:99 05:10:99 [Speaker 1]: Research based on the previous, let's say, offices he holds, his previous activities. Yes, we know that a human being can change. But, you know, let's say he, he stayed in office for 20 years. Then definitely, if you want to go to research deeply, we will know what he did in that office for the past 20 years. What do you think is. Am I making sense? 05:34:98 05:35:97 [Speaker 2]: Well, you are making sense, actually but then. 05:38:98 05:39:98 [Speaker 1]: Yes, that's my only. 05:41:01 05:42:97 [Speaker 2]: Have some traits of you know, corruption. 05:44:01 05:44:96 [Speaker 1]: Yes, definitely, one way or the other, That's incapacity, human incapacity. But then if we are to check, we will know that, yes, this is better than that. That is better than that person. You know, we cannot say all humans are equal. Definitely. There's a better person and there's the worst person. Okay. Then apart from trustworthy, I think the next thing that's supposed to be is, the next person, the next quality that we have to check for is, what, what do you think? Tolerance. Right? 06:13:97 06:16:00 [Speaker 2]: You know that tolerance. I'm not actually sure. Okay. When you say tolerance, does that mean a leader should tolerate any rubbish? 06:22:96 06:22:97 [Speaker 1]: No. Level of tolerance. Level. You know, there's level to everything. Let's say there's, he's, if he's not able to tolerate people, let's say, for example, he went to a particular place to see his people, and then they started shouting, we no they do, we no they do. Do you think that if he's not, he will not tolerate them, he will say, maybe his soldiers should start shooting them. So there's a level of tolerance. 06:50:96 06:50:96 [Speaker 2]: Yeah, to some extent. To some extent, yes. 06:54:96 06:54:98 [Speaker 1]: And then a leader should have this, What? I don't know how to put this, but then he should be, he should have this quality that he loves his people. 07:03:97 07:04:99 [Speaker 2]: Yeah. He should be patriotic to his nation and all that. 07:08:96 07:08:98 [Speaker 2]: Which I think puts your, you know, your subjects, the people you are leading, that is, carry them. They should be your utmost priority. 07:19:01 07:20:01 [Speaker 1]: Yes 07:20:96 07:20:96 [Speaker 2]: So we hope for good leaders, and we pray that our leaders will continue to be patriotic 07:25:96 07:25:96 [Speaker 2]: Amen. Amen. So help us God. 07:27:97 07:27:98 [Speaker 1]: Yes. So, in conclusion, can you just tell us briefly what leaders, our leaders should do to us? What they should give back to their community. 07:38:99 07:40:00 [Speaker 2]: And they should provide necessary amenities, you know, health, education and all that. And also they should work on trying to see that our fundamental human rights are being duly followed, you know, duly observed. Exactly. 07:56:01 07:57:96 [Speaker 1]: Yes. I think that's basically what they're supposed to do. Know that they should make sure that their people have food. That's the important thing. They should remove their people from poverty. 08:06:98 08:07:00 [Speaker 2]: Poverty alleviation. 08:08:00 08:09:99 [Speaker 1]: I think we've done a little bit justice to the topic. Right? 08:13:99 08:14:98 [Speaker 2]: Well, we've practically, we've done justice to it. 08:18:01 08:18:01 [Speaker 1]: Alright? So thank you. Thank you for coming on board with me. 08:20:99",general,504.3139909,19-25,Hausa,NG data/4d398d1f-5058-4e5b-8070-23f42089f14e_395c92aa3bda9d78852b3ef90f07abad_dIUEHY67.wav,"00:01:01 [Speaker 1]: Thank you so much for joining in the conversation. The topic I would like us to discuss how the western culture has affected African dressing. You see, Mr Haruna, over the centuries, the western culture has had a significant impact on African dressing. Isn't it so? 00:28:99 00:29:02 [Speaker 2]: Yeah, of course. 00:30:02 00:30:02 [Speaker 1]: Yeah. So from the arrival of european explorers and missionaries to the influence of colonialism and the spread of western media and pop culture, the traditional attire and fashion of african cultures have been greatly influenced and adapted. Also, you see, the influence of western culture on african dressing has been profound, reshaping traditional attire and fashion trends in multi faceted ways from historical encounters to contemporary global interactions. This cultural exchange has produced a dynamic fusion of western and African styles, altering both aesthetics and production of clothing across the continent. And so now over to you, Mr Haruna. Do you have anything to say about how the western culture has affected the African dressing in any way? 01:57:97 01:58:00 [Speaker 2]: Thank you very much, Fatima. Yes, of course, you know, I have a lot to say regarding this discussion or this topic, but I think, first of all, I would like you to, you know, first of all, you know, go through this question. You know, I know you are a professional, so I want you to, you know, enlighten us and, and educators briefly regarding this question. I'm going to ask you now, Fatima. I would like you to. What are your thoughts on how the influence of western culture has changed traditional African dressing styles and fashion trends? Do you think it has a positive or negative impact on preserving cultural identity through clothing? 02:58:02 03:00:02 [Speaker 1]: Wow. Nice question, Mister Haruna. Okay, you asked the impact on traditional African dressing styles, right? And cultural identity, isn't it? 03:16:99 03:17:01 [Speaker 2]: Yeah. 03:17:99 03:17:99 [Speaker 1]: You see, the impact of western culture on traditional african dressing styles has been extensive. You see, western fashion trends have introduced new materials, new designs and even new, you know, tailoring techniques into african clothing. Take for instance, the adoption of western style suits, dresses and casual wears has become prevalent, especially in urban centers. And this fusion has created a diverse and electic fashion scene in Africa, you know, blending indigenous motifs with modern cuts and fabrics. However, this influence has, you know, also raised concerns about the preservation of cultural identity through clothing. As western fashion gains prominence, there is a risk of diluting or overshadowing traditional African attire. And some argue that this shift undermines cultural authenticity and erodes unique sartorial practices that reflect african heritage. Yet others see it as, you know, a cultural evolution showcasing Africa's adaptability and creativity in responding to global influences while maintaining cultural roots. So I think this is the little I can say for now. And, okay, over to you, Mr Haruna, what exactly is. Is one specific aspect or element of traditional African attire that you think has been influenced or adapted by western culture? So tell me, I want you to tell me, how do you feel about this incorporation and its impact on the overall style of African dressings? 06:05:98 06:09:00 [Speaker 2]: All right, thank you so much, Fatima, for allowing me to say one or two things regarding this topic. You know, incorporation of traditional elements in western influence, Africa dressing. You know, one specific aspect of traditional Africa attire that has been, you know, influenced by western culture is the use of textiles, you know, and print, print and print, you know, traditional, traditional African fabrics like kanti, moth clothes and Ankara, you understand, have gained international recognition. Yes. Yes. And now, you know, incorporated into western fashion designs. So, you know, and this closer cultural exchange has elevated the status of Africa textiles globally and showcasing the beauty and craftsmanship of indigenous weaving and dying techniques. You know, the inco incorporate. The incorporation of our traditional element into western influence. African dressing has had a positive impact on the overall style. It has empowered, African designers to interpret traditional motives in contemporary context, appealing to broader audience while celebrating cultural heritage. This hybrid approach, this hybrid approach of fashion exemplifies the spirit of cultural fashion and innovation, you know, highlighting Africans rich history and creativity on the. On the. On the global stage. So, yeah, so I think, Fatima, can you make a conclusion, you know, regarding this topic we have just discussed so far? 08:56:99 08:58:00 [Speaker 1]: Okay. All right. Thank you for your contribution. 09:02:00 09:02:01 [Speaker 2]: Thank you very much. 09:03:00 09:03:00 [Speaker 1]: Yeah. Thank you. You see, it's essential, actually, to acknowledge the agency of African communities in navigating cultural exchanges and shaping their identity through clothing. You see, while western influence has undoubtedly left an indelible mark on African dressing, the ongoing dialogue between traditional and modernity continues to inspire new forms of sartorial expression that are both culturally rooted and globally resonant. Okay. This interplay underscores the transformative power of fashion as a conduct of, you know, cultural exchange, self expression in a rapid changing world. So I would like us to give a pause here. Thank you so much for joining in the conversation. Thank you for joining. 10:24:98 10:26:02 [Speaker 2]: Thank you very much. Fatima, You are welcome 10:27:98",general,629.4279819,26-40,Unknown,NG data/60344b07-b93e-4e14-8b1b-d544d9cd6a16_c6100bbfbf76d7c7900b850092205437_UpyTnj39.wav,"00:01:94 [Speaker 1]: Right, Victor? You're welcome. Today we'll be talking about something that is popular, that is cut across almost all the cultures. Something that a lot of people know about. And many people always look forward to it. Victor, can you guess? 00:21:98 00:22:97 [Speaker 2]: I can't guess. 00:23:00 00:23:97 [Speaker 1]: Okay. 00:23:99 00:23:100 [Speaker 2]: Is it birthday? 00:24:98 00:25:98 [Speaker 1]: Exactly. Victor will be talking about birthday today. So I know that everybody alive has a birthday. But this time around, I don't know if everybody alive really does the birthday celebration type of thing. So, Victor, can I know what you think of birthday? What do you understand as birthday? Or what's? What's your simple explanation or definition of a birthday? 00:55:98 00:56:99 [Speaker 2]: Birthday, in the simplest definition, is a special day set apart to remember the day you were born. And its mostly held on the month and the dates that you were giving birth to. Your official date of birth. 01:12:98 01:13:95 [Speaker 1]: Okay, so birthday is something that people. celebrate every year right? To remember the other year or the other, other, other year that they were giving birth to. 01:25:95 01:25:95 [Speaker 2]: Yeah. 01:25:97 01:26:94 [Speaker 1]: Okay and its celebrated the same day and month. Okay, so, Victor, this birthday celebration, I learned that its for only rich people, that poor people don't celebrate birthday. Do you think that is true? 01:42:96 01:43:95 [Speaker 2]: Poor people don't celebrate birthday. Actually, actually its subjective, because some rich people don't like celebrating their birthday. 01:55:97 01:56:97 [Speaker 1]: Okay. 01:56:99 01:57:95 [Speaker 2]: But I'll not remove the fact that to celebrate your birthday, you actually need money. So, some people, because of their poor, they have many problems in their lives, so birthday is the least of their worries. So, the highest they can get on their birthday is just a happy birthday. But most times they just even forget their birthday because they're going through a lot. So birthday is the last thing on their mind. 02:22:95 02:23:97 [Speaker 1]: So what you're saying is that a lot of people don't remember to really celebrate their birthday probably because of what they are facing. 02:32:96 02:32:98 [Speaker 2]: Yes. 02:34:00 02:33:96 [Speaker 1]: Okay, Victor, can I know when last you celebrated your birthday? 02:39:98 02:40:100 [Speaker 2]: Just a few months ago. 02:41:100 02:42:94 [Speaker 1]: Few months ago? 02:44:00 02:43:95 [Speaker 2]: Yes. 02:43:97 02:43:99 [Speaker 1]: Okay, so that few months ago, did you really remember that it was your birthday or someone reminded you? 02:49:98 02:49:98 [Speaker 2]: No, I remembered. I remembered. But obviously, sometimes I used to forget it's my birthday. Like, the previous year, I forgot it was my birthday. My birthday passed. Like, can you imagine, like, for somebody to forget the day they were born. Like, I didn't put too much value into birthday, because I felt birthday is just an ordinary day like, it's just. So if I should be sadistic, some people do view birthdays as one year closer to your death. So to them its not something special. Just another day, just a day they were born. Nothing much. Nothing. Nothing to see there. 03:29:98 03:31:97 [Speaker 1]: Alright. So you, few months ago, you celebrated your birthday. Can I know, Victor, if there is any of those, your birthdays that you find very, very special or the one that had some events that made you, it very memorable for you. That you can say, I can't forget my second two years old birthday, three years old birthday or any of those. 03:56:95 03:56:96 [Speaker 2]: I can't actually remember the year or the age I was in but I'll not call it my personal birthday. Because on my personal birthday, the highest they did for me, was happy birthday and it ends there. Nothing special. Maybe my mom bought chicken that day and we cooked it, just a remembrance of me and ended there. No special events, no special stuff happened but something later happened. Because few weeks after that, my parents decided to do a general birthday to celebrate everybody in our house. So we did it in a large way. My parents invited people to our house, our compound. We celebrated all our birthdays in one day. I know it's funny it's funny yeah. It does not normally happen in some families. 04:49:98 04:49:98 [Speaker 1]: Family of Victor Demas. 04:51:96 04:51:96 [Speaker 2]: It does not happen in some families but my father had to do it and that day, something special happened. My father did us a special surprise. He bought us really expensive, table tennis board where we can use and play table tennis. So up to date, that table tennis is still there. So, I think that was the most memorable birthday celebration. Even though it was not my birthday. It was a family birthday. It was the most memorable. Something close to a memory birthday I had. 05:26:96 05:27:97 [Speaker 1]: So say the one that you people had generally as a family was your most memorable birthday. Wow. So outside that, your normal birthday, what, don't you think about, cake? Because, I learned that, I see that most people, they see birthday as a day that they have to purchase cake or eat cake or I, share cakes to their friends. Do you think that without cake there will be no birthday or something? Birthday celebration. Do you think that cake is extremely necessary for birthday? That people cannot celebrate birthday without cake? 06:19:99 06:23:96 [Speaker 2]: Birthday is a symbol of, sorry, cake is a symbol of birthdays. Like, it's something attached to birthdays. Like, literally, if you see a cake with candles in a picture, obviously, you know, it was, its used to remember somebody's birthday. It signifies birthday. Just like, chicken, like turkey, represents Easter, thanksgivings. 06:49:95 06:49:98 [Speaker 1]: Yeah. 06:49:99 06:50:97 [Speaker 2]: Same way with bunnies represents Easter thanksgiving. Rice, rice and stew represent Sundays. 06:59:95 07:00:100 [Speaker 1]: That's Nigeria only. 07:01:95 07:01:96 [Speaker 2]: Nigeria only. So cake represent birthdays. It's, it's, I don't know where the tradition started, but it has been there for a long time. 07:09:100 07:09:95 [Speaker 1]: Do you think it's Nigerian tradition or it's foreign? 07:13:00 07:12:96 [Speaker 2]: Should be foreign because our old fathers never knew what cake was. 07:16:98 07:17:94 [Speaker 1]: Okay, so how do you think that your old father celebrated their birthday? Or they don't celebrate birthday? 07:24:96 07:24:98 [Speaker 2]: I don't think they celebrated their birthday. 07:25:100 07:25:100 [Speaker 1]: So what you're saying that birthday is not a tradition of your ancestral home? 07:30:94 07:30:95 [Speaker 2]: Because if you ask some of these, our great grandfathers and our grandfathers that are still alive, some people are lucky to have their grandfathers. That's, that's actually good. So, but if you ask them, most of them don't know their age. 07:42:96 07:42:99 [Speaker 1]: Okay. 07:43:96 07:43:96[Speaker 2]: They don't know their age and that just tells you that they don't keep track of their age and if they don't keep the track of age, obviously they were not celebrating their birthday. They were not being reminded that this was the day they were born. Because if they were remembering this, was the day they're born, they will not, they will actually remember the dates they were born and they will be able to calculate their age. 08:01:95 08:01:95 [Speaker 1]: So they don't really put much emphasis in birthday, then. Wow, the old people really missed a lot. So old people, I think that's true, actually, because I barely remember that when my grandmother died, we had to guess her age by estimate. It wasn't really her exact age that was written on the poster. So we have to go through her age mates to discover maybe the age, her age. 08:32:98 08:33:97 [Speaker 2]: Yeah. 08:33:99 08:35:94 [Speaker 1]: So if you have kids, would you like to introduce them to birthday celebration? 08:40:97 08:42:95 [Speaker 2]: If I have kids, obviously. 08:43:98 08:43:99 [Speaker 1]: Are you, will you celebrate them just normal, happy birthday, like you were raised. 08:50:96 08:51:98 [Speaker 2]: To have a limit for the first few years of their life, I'll be celebrating a birthday, but, as they grow older, I think I'll dial down on the way I celebrate their birthday. You can just be happy, wish then and maybe send them money. If I'm capable, I'll be sending them money. Happy birthday, take this as your birthday gift, that kind of thing. But not to come and do a ceremony to celebrate a birthday. But it's very essential you do a ceremonious birthday for your kids in their first few years of life. Maybe their first birthday, second birthday, fifth birthday, 6th birthday. But as a grow older, the birthday ceremonies thing, you can dial it down the beach and just do like a small gifting to them just to remind them that you love them and make them feel special on their birthday. 09:38:97 09:38:99 [Speaker 1]: Okay? So what you're saying is that those early age of their life where they take pictures and all that, that is very necessary that you celebrate their birthday for them, at least for the sake of memory. Alright, Victor, I appreciate your input on this issue of birthday. So I believe to see you around again for more discussion. Thank you so much, Victor. 10:06:97 10:07:95 [Speaker 2]: Yeah, thank you very much. 10:08:96",general,609.4019955,19-25,Igbo,NG data/df50b219-f5aa-4d56-9f33-6865c96fda2b_0c80966970ec5877368cab246f1ee2b7_EOKmZ6h8.wav,"00:00:02 [Speaker 1]: Okay, so we'll be looking at heart diseases, and by way of introduction, we see that heart disease, also known as cardiovascular disease, refers to a range of conditions that affect the heart and its functions. These include coronary artery disease, heart failure, arrhythmias, and congenital heart defects, among others. Now, do you have anything to say about that? 00:22:99 00:23:96 [Speaker 2]: Okay. Heart disease is recently one of the sudden causes of death in our environment. And like you said, it ranges from diseases like myocardial infarction, congestive cardiac failure, hypertension, congenital defects as well, and usually a compendium of diseases that affect the heart and the blood vessels and have a ripple effect in the environment. 00:45:97 00:45:100 [Speaker 1]: Okay, true. Okay. So, going further, I would like to go into have an overview, rather, of some symptoms of heart diseases. And we see that symptoms can vary depending on the specific heart condition. But some common symptoms now could include chest pain, which is also known as angina, shortness of breath, fatigue or weakness, palpitations that's irregular or fast heartbeats, swelling in the legs, ankles and feet, dizziness or lightheadedness, nausea or indigestion. Do you have anything further to say about this? 01:20:98 01:20:98 [Speaker 2]: Okay, so, for the symptoms you just mentioned, it varies according to the heart condition. So, in some heart conditions, like congestive cardiac failure, you can see shortness of breath, also known as dyspnoea, where the individual finds it difficult to breathe in. And usually when there's the heart condition, it has an effect on the lungs and leads to pulmonary edema, where it obstructs and blocks the alveoli, so making breathing difficult. Also, the individual can notice fatigue or weakness and inability to do certain activities compared to before. Usually he will be able to run certain distances, but he will not be able to anymore. Those are also symptoms of cardiac diseases. Also, chest pain, like you mentioned, angina pectoris, where there's pain around the region of the chest can also be a presentation of cardiovascular diseases. Palpitations, which is irregular or fast heartbeats, can also present as heart, as cardiac conditions, you can have edema, which is what you know as swelling in the legs, where the person's leg, ankle, or feet can be swollen, it can be pitting or non-pitting edema. Also, nausea, vomiting, indigestion and dizziness, so to mention, but a few. These are some of the risks, and these are some of the symptoms of cardiovascular diseases. 02:41:97 02:41:98 [Speaker 1]: Yeah. Alright. So, talking about risk factors for heart diseases, we see that they can be divided into modifiable and non-modifiable factors. Now, let's go into modifiable factors. We have high blood pressure, which is hypertension, high cholesterol levels, smoking, diabetes, overweight or obesity, physical inactivity, unhealthy diet, excessive alcohol consumption, stress and poor mental health, and a whole lot of others. And then going into non-modifiable, we see age, we see family, we see gender, we see ethnicity. So, do you have anything about modifiable risk factors? 03:28:00 03:29:00 [Speaker 2]: Okay, for the modifiable risk factors, these are risk factors that change can be, can be affected. 03:38:96 03:38:100 [Speaker 1]: Yes. 03:39:01 03:39:96 [Speaker 2]: So, these risk factors are not, are not genetic, they are not inbuilt, you can do something about them. So, for example, smoking. So, smoking poses a very, very high-risk cardiovascular diseases. An individual who smokes is at risk of different cardiovascular diseases, like atherosclerosis, that will eventually lead to hypertension, that will lead to congestive cardiac failure. So, obesity is another risk factor. An individual who is overweight beyond normal for his age and weight is going to tend towards having cardiovascular complications. So also, someone who has a sedentary lifestyle, who has less of physical activity, who usually doesn't do much, can also pose a risk for cardiovascular disease. Someone who does not exercise, someone who consumes unhealthy diets, that consumes a lot of fully unsaturated fats, is also at risk of cardiovascular diseases. Someone with high cholesterol levels, too much intake of alcohol and stress, to mention but a few. All of these are modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. 04:46:97 04:46:99 [Speaker 1]: Okay, and how about the non-modifiable. 04:49:98 04:49:99 [Speaker 2]: Okay, for the non-modifiable risk factors. These risk factors, generally, these risk factors are in the individual and, for example, age. An individual who is older has a risk for more cardiovascular diseases because with age, the blood vessels become harder, there's thickening, there's fibrosis. This can predispose one to hypertension and subsequent cardiovascular disease. Also, a person who has a positive family history for a heart disease can also have a heart disease. For example, the father had myocardial infraction. He or she can also have myocardial infarction. For gender, usually men have a higher risk for cardiovascular diseases than female, and for some races, they are also predisposed to cardiovascular diseases. 05:38:98 05:38:98 [Speaker 1]: Alright, that's very, very true. So, let's talk about the prevention of heart diseases. So, we see that preventing heart disease now involves managing risk factors and making healthy lifestyle choices. So, talking about healthy diets, we see that person should consume a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and healthy fats and should also limit intake of saturated fats, trans fats, cholesterol, sodium and added sugar. And we also see in the aspect of stress, managing stress. A person should practice relaxation techniques such as meditation, yoga or deep breathing exercises. We also see regular health checks, checkups. Monitor your blood pressure consistently, cholesterol also and blood sugar levels regularly. Follow medical advice and take prescribed medications as directed. We also see avoid smoking and limit alcohol. Now, do you have anything to say about smoking? Like avoiding smoking and limiting alcohol? 06:50:01 06:50:100 [Speaker 2]: Okay. Yes. Yes. That is very, very, very important. That is very, very, very important. So, there's almost no benefit of smoking? Yes, smoking should be avoided, limit your alcohol intake, manage stress, go for regular health checkups to check your blood pressure and be sure that you are on track. And do make sure you stay hydrated, maintain a healthy body weight, get enough sleep, get enough rest as well. 07:25:96 07:25:98 [Speaker 1]: Yeah, that's true. Okay, so now i'll want to ask a question. So, what are some lifestyle changes that you have made to lower your risk of developing heart disease? 07:37:97 07:37:99 [Speaker 2]: Okay, so for lifestyle changes, things like exercise, exercising regularly and as often as possible. Yes. Also, good diets, healthy diets, reducing the level of junk and taking more fruits and vegetables can help to reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Good rest, avoiding alcohol intake and smoking can also reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases. 07:58:01 08:06:97 [Speaker 1]: All true. Thank you so much. 08:08:97 08:10:00 [Speaker 2]: Thank you. 08:11:02",general,491.1729932,19-25,Igala,NG data/17745a2c-6705-42df-9949-bbe78aa70307_7a20084d0aa87a5bf3747667a93318bf_OWn8vib9.wav,"00:01:97 [Speaker 1]: So in our society today, we have witnessed a rapid increase in the hike in oil prices, in price of oil around the world and in our country today. So what do you think has been the biggest factor? What do you think are the causes that's contributed to the increase in oil prices? 00:29:00 00:29:98 [Speaker 2]: I think the number one cause that increased the petrol price in Nigeria for a case study is the removal of subsidy by the new government. And also there have been some conflicts between the oil producing states that has actually affected the production of oil and oil bunkering and a lot of factors like the oil bunkering now, there are some communities in Niger Delta for example, for instance, where this oil has been extracted from and these communities are not receiving even like palliative from the government which has caused them to cause, to bring up a resistance group. The resistance group is not like the Ijaw people resistance group where these people go to oil pipes and break oil pipes, take oil illegally, sell it in black market. And a lot of atrocities have been done by these people due to the inability of the government to at least give them some stipends. Because you are taking oil from their, from their environment, from their communities and you are causing more environmental pollutions without being compensating them, which is causing a lot of effects on their children. The waters there are so, so bad. The health issue, the health care, everything just going wrong for them in that, in that community. So how do you expect them not to form a resistance group or not to try and fight for their right, even though they might be fighting in the wrong manner. But still they have justifications for some of their cries and their plea to the government. 02:38:00 02:39:02 [Speaker 1]: And these issues lead to increase in oil prices because they lead to shortage of oil and they have to make profit. So the price of petroleum increased and another cause of the hike in fuel prices, international conflict as well, like the ongoing war between Ukraine and Russia, has led to an increase in crude oil per barrel that led to a rapid increase in crude oil per barrel and this affects the oil price as well because now the barrel is being sold for a higher price. So after the crude has been refined, they have to sell the petroleum products and other byproducts of the crude at a higher price. So this also is another cause of the hike in oil prices. And it has a lot of impact on the economy. So visible impact, so obvious impacts on the economy. If, because many countries like country Nigeria now depends our main source of revenue is from oil. So if the price of oil goes up, you expect all other things to follow. Because we are mainly dependent on oil. Dependent on oil for transportation, depend on oil as well for industries. So if the price goes up, all other parts of the economy will grow up too. And this one of the major effects is that it leads to increase in price of goods and services of products. Because manufacturers use fuel for their machines in industry and they have to now they are buying it at a higher price. So it affects the price of what they produce as well. And in all aspects, both in agriculture, in transport industry, the rate of transportation also increase. And due to the effects of the hike in oil price. And if I may ask, what has been your personal experience that I have encountered with the rising oil price? That you have encountered. 04:46:98 04:47:97 [Speaker 2]: Rising oil price especially in my country, Nigeria has really caused a lot of issue in terms of food. Like you go to the market today, you buy a particular commodity for a particular price. Then the next day the price increase or triple save in some cases due to the increment, increase in oil price. Because even our oil are being sold when we transport them that we have been. We transport them using dollar. And whenever the dollar goes up automatically, the oil price also goes, will go up. Which will have other effects on the. Our goods and services that we buy. Even regular trans transport also became. We will become very, very expensive. This um. All these increments already has caused a lot of increment in poverty in our community. Because you can't. There is no increment in salaries and everything is increasing. So there is hike in every goods. So it would be impossible for people to buy, that are collecting minimal salary to also buy goods. 06:15:98 06:16:98 [Speaker 1]: And the effect it has an enormous effect on people in rate of, like you talk about poverty, people are unable to afford people are getting poorer and the minimum wage has not been increased. So it makes people not to be able to afford the things they can buy before because the old price has increased. And I think some solutions that can be. That can be preferred is one. If they can resolve the conflict in all these countries are cause the increase of crude go up. If there can be less wars among nations, it will greatly reduce the price of oil. And even within the country as well, If conflict and within communities where crude are being extracted from. If they can come into a peaceful resolution, I think it also affects the price and it will bring it down. And also corruption as well. There's a high rate of corruption in our country that has cause the fuel price to increase because people are stealing fuel, and those are in government are secretly stealing the fuel, making it short and making the price to go high. So if you can address all these issues, I believe that, the fuel, the price, the hike in price of fuel will greatly reduce. I need to have a good effects on the economy. Things will be balanced, and people will be able to afford the common things that they could afford before. 07:52:96",general,473.7140136,19-25,Igala,NG data/ce541c27-b35d-4b11-ba04-24d3abcb85d3_ba5c9f590471dbd2012db5d1261acaa3_araQ0aj2.wav,"00:00:-1 [Speaker 1]: Yeah. 00:00:95 00:00:95 [Speaker 2]: Thank you. 00:00:98 00:01:95 [Speaker 1]: So our topic today is child marriage. And over the years, child marriage is a widespread social and human rights issue where individuals below the age of 18 are married, often without their consent. And this practice, it affects girls who are forced into marriage before their physical, mental and emotional maturity. So what do you know about child marriage in this part of the world? 00:24:99 00:25:96 [Speaker 2]: Okay. Generally, I believe child marriage should actually be termed a life threatener because I believe it stresses the life of children. It stresses their well being. There is a joy in expressing childhood, and I believe through child marriage that cannot be achieved. So it actually aborts the future of people. Yes, child children in particular. 00:52:00 00:51:96 [Speaker 1]: That's very true. So I read an article about child marriage in certain parts of the world still being a common practice even in the northern part of Nigeria. It's still a very common practice in northern part of Nigeria. What are your thoughts on this issue? 01:03:98 01:04:95 [Speaker 2]: I believe in the northern part of Nigeria, to be specific, although I would say that is not, the only part, that is the only tribe per se, that is only performing the act. But I believe that's where it is most common. And I think it's something that has been. That people have been. People of influence have been trying to curb. They have been trying to put an end to it. But this is something that has been ingrained deep in their culture and in their tribe, and I believe issue, and I believe it will take a long while for it to actually be. I don't even believe it can be completely eradicated. But I believe with education, health education, with acknowledging that, okay, these are the repercussions, these are the consequences. These are the even health related issues that can come from it, then I believe we should be able to work better on it. 01:59:97 02:01:97 [Speaker 1]: Oh, that's a very good point of view. So this child marriage affects people because it denies them of their chance to education, their health, and even development. How do you think child marriage can affect a young child, a young girl, for instance? 02:17:94 02:18:97 [Speaker 2]: Okay, the first thing is, I believe it's, let's talk about the body generally, or the feeling it's lower self esteem, because that is mostly gender inequality. If you are talking about child, you don't see a is, let's say a 15 boy, a 15 year old boy or a 14 year old boy getting married. They would definitely put him into work, maybe to learn work or to work on farms or something like that. But when it comes to female, you see 12, 13, 14 getting married already. So I believe that that is gender inequality and will lower children's self esteem. Then apart from that, there are practices that children shouldn't even be aware of yet, like sex. That is something. Child shouldn't have a full knowledge of what it entails. And I believe child marriage, we put the children at the forefront of experiencing and participating in sex, even against their consent. So. And I believe it's also robbed girls of their childhood and it threatens their well being. This is, there's something called. So this is a very prominent and a very prominent health issue that deals with child marriage, especially girls. And this is very prominent among girls of that experience. Child Yes, child marriage. So. And they become pregnant at some points. There are lots of pregnancy weeks that also comes in place because they are just so young, their body is not ready for it. So that is what I believe 03:50:95 03:50:95 [Speaker 1]: Yeah. Thank you. Thank you very much. This is true. And just like you said, it will lower their self esteem and expose. Expose them to harmful levels of domestic violence and abuse and also a violation of human rights, just like you said. 04:01:97 04:01:97 [Speaker 2]: It also takes a heavy toll on their mental health, because even people that are old and they are giving birth, they have post, there's something called postpartum after birth. So they experience postpartum depression, postpartum bipolar disorder, a lot of things like that. So imagine if a younger person is now experiencing all those at the same time with other health issues. I believe that could actually kill a child. So we can. We can just say child marriage is a killer of this thing. 04:31:99 04:32:96 [Speaker 1]: That is true. And generally, or should I say globally, efforts have been made to end child marriage and protect the rights of children to save an healthy childhood. So what do you think we can do as a country to prevent child marriage or protect the rights of these children? 04:49:98 04:50:00 [Speaker 2]: Okay. To reiterate what I already said in the previous conversation. So in the beginning of the conversation. So I will say they should, they really need to educate. Okay. I know it's not easy, because some people are so embedded in their culture, in their tradition and say I want to make my culture proud. I want to elevate my culture and things like that. So. But I believe with health education, with not only health education, with telling them the repercussions of this thing, with them saying it with their eyes, and not just keeping those children and stigmatizing them, bring them out. This is what has happened to this person. This is what has happened to this person. Let us learn from it. Let us desert from these things. So I believe it should also work and people should. I believe the law should also take a part in this. There should be a law side or there should be a law that. Okay. If there's anybody that is giving his or her child and in marriage and the child is less than 21, I believe there should be a court of law that goes against that or that punishes those offenders, just like how we have sex offenders. 05:53:96 05:53:96 [Speaker 1]: That is very true. That is very true. You said it all. Thank you very much. it was nice having this conversation with you 05:58:100 05:59:95 [Speaker 2]: Same her It was nice speaking with you on this Conversation. Thank you very much. 06:02:99 06:02:98 [Speaker 1]: Yeah. 06:02:99",general,363.8840136,19-25,Yoruba,NG data/83a0b048-c0e3-4929-9b29-278a873ab7c6_9abd99b9ced9cf3f6979225e910cad85_eK62eiZK.wav,"00:00:00 [Speaker 1]: So the topic is books. What's your favorite book? 00:05:99 [Speaker 2]: I don't think I have a favorite book because I like a lot of books. What is yours? 00:17:99 [Speaker 1]: My favorite book is I just like any book written by Colin Hoover and Karen Kingsbury and Francis Rivers. 00:25:97 [Speaker 2]: So why do you like their books? 00:27:100 [Speaker 1]: Because they have like their concepts. Book writing is very good. Okay, who is your favorite author? 00:39:98 [Speaker 2]: I think I like Sydney Sheldon. 00:42:97 [Speaker 1]: Okay. I know him. 00:45:99 [Speaker 2]: His books are very. How like put it. They are intriguing. 00:51:96 [Speaker 1]: Yes. 00:51:96 [Speaker 2]: He always has, like you can't expect. 00:53:99 [Speaker 1]: Yes. Suspense. There's always suspense. And he's my dad's favorite author too. And what book, like, what's your favorite book of his? 01:05:97 [Speaker 2]: Master of the game boy. It's very long. 01:08:97 [Speaker 1]: What is it about? Talk about. 01:12:95 [Speaker 2]: It's about. I don't know, it's about one guy, bar, that was like cheated in business. When he started, he was backstabbed. So for his like revenge, he now came back to, how I put it now to take vengeance on all those people, like to their generations, their grandchildren, all of them, he still came back to like revenge. What his would I say? What their great grandfather now did to him. 01:39:00 [Speaker 1]: Oh, that's nice. My favorite book of conning Hoover's is verity. And I like Verity because it's like out of her comfort zone kinda, because normally she writes about romance. And just like most of her books are, most of her books are predictable. But this one, it had a lot of like plot twists and a lot of. 02:02:99 [Speaker 2]: Even the endings. 02:02:99 [Speaker 1]: Yes. Like the middle was like. Ah. Then the ending just like made everything just go. Exactly. And um. What other book do you like? 02:12:96 [Speaker 2]: Um, there's this. Colleen Hoover's book. It was not all that shabbo, it still had all those. Plenty plot twists. I think the name is 13 minutes or so. Have you seen it? 02:26:97 [Speaker 1]: No. 02:26:97 [Speaker 2]: About one girl that drowned for like 30 minutes. Then she now. But they rescued her and then like she was still alive. One funny thing like that. 02:35:100 [Speaker 1]: Oh, I've never heard of it. I'm going to go and read it now. Um, have you read November 9? 02:42:97 [Speaker 2]: Yes. Wait. Yes, the one. 02:44:99 [Speaker 1]: I think November 9 is about fire. Is it now? 02:47:97 [Speaker 2]: I'm sorry, I used to confuse them because it's just similar. 02:51:97 [Speaker 1]: There's one about fire that she got burnt and then she had a scar and she was insecure about. That's what I'm saying. November 9. 03:02:00 [Speaker 2]: Now I think. I don't know. 03:02:99 [Speaker 1]: And then that was the date, right? That she got. Yeah. So, like, every anniversary of that day, I think she and her dad used to go for, like, lunch or dinner or something. I can't remember. The book is really. 03:18:95 [Speaker 2]: It's confusing. I can't really remember that. But you've read it ends with us. 03:18:95 [Speaker 1]: Yes, it ends with us. What do you think about what's his name? Is it Gavin? 03:26:96 [Speaker 2]: I can't remember their names. But the main guy sha. 03:29:00 [Speaker 1]: The one that. No, the one that had violence in him. 03:32:95 [Speaker 2]: And that's what me, I feel like. 03:32:95 [Speaker 1]: You feel like he's justified. 03:34:100 [Speaker 2]: No, he was just using it as an excuse. Yes, because every time, like, any time, it will happen that maybe he'll beat her or he'll do something. So he always had. He always had an excuse for it. Like that first time when it happened, he said he did not know what made him push her. How won't you know what will make you push somebody? 03:50:98 [Speaker 1]: Especially after the fact that, um. Is it his sister that told her that he killed somebody? He killed his brother when he was younger or something like that? Or is it him that told her that he killed his brother when he was younger? So he had that trauma. So I feel like maybe because he couldn't heal from that trauma. That's why it was always haunting him. 04:09:97 [Speaker 2]: And he's still paying me. That did not end up together. As toxic as it was. 04:12:100 [Speaker 1]: It was very toxic. 04:15:00 [Speaker 2]: I still felt like I wanted him to get that. 04:18:00 [Speaker 1]: But the line was crossed when he put. Pushed her down the stairs. Yes, that's it. And then was it the time? Was she pregnant twice? Or is it just one? 04:26:100 [Speaker 2]: No, I think it was just once. She gave birth now to. 04:29:96 [Speaker 1]: I was thinking maybe she had a miscarriage at first. Okay. 04:29:96 [Speaker 2]: No, I don't think so. 04:31:100 [Speaker 1]: So she was just pregnant once. And then when she. Now. I like the part that she. After she gave birth to the child, she now told him that this is over. And she now gave him that scenario of, if your daughter comes to tell you that somebody, her man, used to beat her and everything, would you tell her to stay with him? And then he said no. That's when he now realized. What nigerian author have you like? Which book? 05:00:96 [Speaker 2]: I don't think I can. 05:02:97 [Speaker 1]: Have you read them? Have you read that Legos book? What's it called? 05:08:99 [Speaker 2]: Nearly all the men in Lagos. 05:11:96 [Speaker 1]: Have you read it? 05:11:96 [Speaker 2]: Yes, I've read it. 05:13:95 [Speaker 1]: What's your thoughts? 05:13:95 [Speaker 2]: Men are mad. Men are crazy. 05:15:99 [Speaker 1]: I swear. 05:17:98 [Speaker 2]: Like that one that his wife was like the breadwinner of everything. 05:20:98 [Speaker 1]: That facebook. 05:20:98 [Speaker 2]: Yeah. And she was now feeling bad about it that her boss told her that she should come for, like, a vacation. And he was even angry. Why didn't she go? 05:30:96 [Speaker 1]: He's the one that was pushing her to, like, go, go. And then when she now went and nothing really. Okay, things happened, but, like, when she came back, things were never the same again. 05:39:99 [Speaker 2]: How will it be the same? 05:41:100 [Speaker 1]: But he was collecting the watch and. 05:45:100 [Speaker 2]: Everything, raping somebody else. 05:45:100 [Speaker 1]: He actually. 05:48:95 [Speaker 2]: Yes, he actually did. It was when she read. Because she kept on defending her husband. It was not when she read the girl's story and then she saw that particular line that hopefully her husband. 05:58:98 [Speaker 1]: That's when I knew that men are. Men are wicked. 06:01:98 [Speaker 2]: The one I read, sha. But it has all those. Yeah. LGBTQ things inside. I can't remember. 06:07:96 [Speaker 1]: No. Okay. 06:09:96 [Speaker 2]: I can't remember the name of the author. Body book is the death of Vivek og or something like that, sir. 06:14:97 [Speaker 1]: Okay. I've already read it. From nigerian book. 06:17:96 [Speaker 2]: Yes. It shocked me because me, I was thinking that, okay. The way it was going. Next thing I just saw that. I think he even kissed his cousin, baby. What? That's where he started. That book is crazy. Last Lasher, he died. They killed him because, like, his friends used to warn him that he. He's always kind of people that used to say, like, they want to come out as the real person that they are. What. What was. And I think there was, like, crisis in the. That they will be what? So one day he now went out during one of all those crisis. He wore his skirts. Lipstick, water, even. That's how they killed him. I'm not supposed to be laughing. Which one? Which one? Hmm. There's this one, I think I won't told ringtongue the name of the book. I can't remember. I don't have the screenshot again that the woman was married to one guy, but the guy has a disorder that he cannot see anybody's face. Like, if he looks at you, your face is just blurry. So it now, like the way they were writing the book, I forgot. The name of the book is Sha. Like, how they're writing the book is like a diary of somebody. I can't remember Sha. So the way they were writing the book, it was looking like it was the woman that was, like, expressing her feelings because they used to be so in love. But then their marriage just went south, so she now booked a trip. I mean, she won, like, all these. Will I say I don't know what it was she shouted. Won one thing, that they gave them a vacation to one place like that. So as they were going, the road was bad, it was raining heavily. When they reached the place, it now looked like all those haunted mansions or something like that. Then every day, Shas, they used to stay there. Weird things used to happen. And then there was, there were no houses around that place, except one particular cottage. Like that one small cottage. And it was one old weird woman that used to live there. So they didn't used to go and see her now. So apparently, after all this plenty drama, I think the some fish she now started seeing like, like ghosts appearing in the house or like somebody appearing maybe by the window or something. Now apparently the main person that was writing the book was that old woman that was in that house when that boy was young. You know, he can't see faces now. He only remembered that the woman that he was working with us, his mother, was wearing like a red gown. And then somebody in a car hit her and then she died. That was how he lost his mother. So he always remembers that his more a red gown, but he doesn't know who killed her. And like all those things now. So apparently the main person that was writing the book was his mother. No, not his mother. The woman that he originally married, that woman that he went for the vacation with, was the main person that killed his mom when he was younger. But he did not know. And then, like, I don't. The story is sha confusing, because that woman that was now in that cottage was not like his original wife, but that woman Shah made it in a way that she got married to him. And here and then she now displays down. So when that woman found out, she now made them to come close to her, and when she could now torture them and all those things. The book was creepy. 09:27:98 [Speaker 1]: I wish you remembered the name. So I really. Sounds interesting. 09:30:96 [Speaker 2]: I'll ask Ringtone. 09:32:96 [Speaker 1]: And then there's a book I read of, because Kingsbury and Francis Rivers, they are christian authors. So like, there's a book I read of. 09:40:98 [Speaker 2]: I'm not the one that writes hard songs. Abyss. No. Okay. No. Francis Rivers. No. He's redeeming love. 09:45:98 [Speaker 1]: Yeah. Redeeming. You're afraid. 09:47:99 [Speaker 2]: Yes. I've even watched the movie. I don't like it. I don't like any time that they make movies or books, because it never is. 09:54:95 [Speaker 1]: Yes. Meets the standard. 09:56:96 [Speaker 2]: Just. It's just like after. Yeah. 10:00:97 [Speaker 1]: When I read redeeming love. Redeeming love was like the first ever book I read of fancy rivers and the book is big. It was long, but it was interesting because I think they were talking about Hosea by the Bible, but it made it sound very interesting and very so. 10:18:95 [Speaker 2]: In the Bible. 10:21:99 [Speaker 1]: But like, it just made it sound like human, like. 10:24:99 [Speaker 2]: Yes. And it was like real. 10:27:95 [Speaker 1]: Yes, exactly. 10:27:95 [Speaker 2]: How you marry somebody and then she'll go back. After you've taken out of prostitution, she will now go back. Even sleep with your brother. Yeah, well, it was his brother, but. 10:38:98 [Speaker 1]: Then he just went back because he said, God said that. Well, if it was me, I don't think I got. And the fact that he went like, he met her at first in like. 10:54:98 [Speaker 2]: Like, as he's just so high. It was just like love at first sight. 10:57:98 [Speaker 1]: And then he will paid for her time. Like, he paid, like he paid for her time. Right? I can't remember. I read the book a long time ago. 11:05:98 [Speaker 2]: Anyways, he kept on paying to see her and he was not doing anything with that. 11:11:97 [Speaker 1]: Yes, he'll just sit down and just talk and just see. He just wants to talk. And then another book I read. But there's a book that. It has like two series, like two parts. The first one is matters legacy. And then her mother's legacy, you see. Then her daughters, fancy rivers still. And then the book was talking about, um, just know, like three descendants. The first one, like everything, it was like a cause following each other. Because like, what happens to the first one happens to the second. Like they were all going through the same thing they were going through the first time she was raped. And then her daughter now got raped too, when it was like it was just repeating itself. And then they never had, like, good relationship with their mothers. Like three of them never have good relationship. Very confusing. And then I used to forget some. 12:13:00 [Speaker 2]: Books, even me too, most times. Like, if I don't talk about it immediately, I finish reading it after. Sometimes be so, like, this is just blurry. 12:18:98 [Speaker 1]: I can't remember some parts, but, like, I can't. What else? What other book? 12:24:97 [Speaker 2]: There's one again that I read recently. What's the name? I can't remember the name. Boys. All those creepy books. Basically at the end of it is just showing you, like, how the devil used to, like, say, trick people into believing that he's a good person. Okay, I'm trying to remember the name. Shall I read it last semester? 12:44:100 [Speaker 1]: Not read any book recently? I remember the last book I read. Yes, let's talk about. Because they don't see novels, books, constitutional law or something. 12:59:95 [Speaker 2]: I don't think I'm busting that. So what books? What books? 13:22:95 [Speaker 1]: What's your favorite book related to law? 13:26:97 [Speaker 2]: Criminal law. I think I like it because the. It has a lot of scenario. All the cases are like stories basically. So you can always remember the scene. 13:35:97 [Speaker 1]: Can you remember that case in the criminal law book that in the criminal law book that he used cutlass to and he said that it was a snake or something. It was his mom that he used. 13:57:100 [Speaker 2]: Okay. Yes. That the place was dimly dark and everything when he now he even cut her and body part safely and he. 14:04:98 [Speaker 1]: Now claimed that it was a snake. And the fact that he could just like Lol. And then what other story in the. 14:18:00 [Speaker 2]: Law books can you remember that one that he went to go and he was married then he now brought one woman to his house. I think he's concubine Abi. What? That he even told his wife to cook for them. Then she now went to kill the woman in the night when she was sleeping. 14:32:97 [Speaker 1]: Can you remember that one? That one? I think it cause criminal law book too. That one? That one. That he brought his friends and each of his friends had their moments with her and then. 14:49:99 [Speaker 2]: And then he was not even charged with anything because he was married to her. Exactly. 14:56:95 [Speaker 1]: It's not fair that case. It hurts my feelings.",general,900.1739909,19-25,Yoruba,NG data/136be64d-ca9e-473e-9c0e-fc4b008de0cd_31972a963fb3c6f870589f5d50a06244_Asoq4gAT.wav,"00:00:02 [Speaker 1]: Yeah. So, rape, big topic for our society. Big, big topic. So what's your point of view about rape? 00:11:02 00:11:02 [Speaker 2]: I see rape as a very bad and heinous crime. I see it as something that sets the society ablaze to me. 00:23:00 00:23:98 [Speaker 1]: Okay. 00:23:100 00:24:00 [Speaker 2]: If anyone hears of an, of a case of rape or is accused of rape, the person is viewed as a very bad person and is already judged by society before being judged in court or any other place. 00:40:98 00:40:99 [Speaker 1]: Okay? 00:41:02 00:41:98 [Speaker 2]: Yes. And it's a bad crime such that some people take matters into their hands. You can take the life of people accused of. It's a very bad and societal threatening crime. 00:59:99 01:00:01 [Speaker 1]: Okay. Personally, my opinion about rape is rape rape, as you said is so bad because it does so much trauma, especially to the victims, not just sexually, but psychologically. Most people, be it male or female, you know, they come out with cases of PTSD. Even after years of therapy, you know, they are still having that post traumatic like syndrome kind of stuff. So I see rape as very, very bad. But on your own, on your own, your own view, personally, do you think society is favoring rape in the sense of dress manner, in the sense of parental instructions, in the sense of religious bodies? Do you think we are favoring it or the things they are doing at those particular fronts are reducing the incidence of rape? 02:06:99 02:07:02 [Speaker 2]: I don't think what we're doing presently as a society, community and individually is bringing down or stepping down the issue of rape. I feel like it's increasing it and boosting it. Societies begin to accept dress codes that are so seductive and it permits all kind of things, like people can go out however they choose to walk around the streets and then if someone, you'll expect that other people will have self-control, and I don't think it's right. I don't think it's, I don't think society is trying because society is actually promoting this thing and they are calling it fashion. 03:02:97 03:02:98 [Speaker 1]: Fashion show. 03:03:02 03:03:97 [Speaker 2]: Yeah. Because like, let me give you an example. I saw a piece of, let me just say like waistband strap of a jeans that is being sold as a full clothing. 03:16:02 03:17:98 [Speaker 1]: So, you see, and girls these days, they just. 03:21:100 03:21:100 [Speaker 1]: They go for that. 03:22:98 03:24:02 [Speaker 2]: They just go around. 03:24:99 03:25:01 [Speaker 1]: Yeah, yeah, yeah, sure. 03:27:00 03:27:02 [Speaker 2]: Opening their backs up and not knowing or thinking that, okay, this might arouse. 03:34:97 03:35:01 [Speaker 1]: Yeah. 03:36:02 03:36:03 [Speaker 2]: Someone's interest. 03:36:98 03:36:99 [Speaker 1]: Sure. 03:37:00 03:37:98 [Speaker 2]: So, society isn't helping, not one bit. And it has gone from not being there to bad to worse. 03:49:99 03:50:01 [Speaker 1]: Yeah. 03:50:02 03:51:00 [Speaker 2]: And I don't know what's next to. 03:53:97 03:53:100 [Speaker 1]: Be worst, I guess. Yes. 03:57:00 03:58:01 [Speaker 2]: And the generation, present generation, coming in has the trend of doing it and still, when maybe someone takes a look at them, they harass you. Like, have you never seen someone dress before? The community supports them. But when such a person is said to be raped? No, they don't look like, okay, this person has been indecently dressed for a while. They just go ahead and say, why did this person do it? 04:36:97 04:36:98 [Speaker 1]: Yeah. 04:37:00 04:37:97 [Speaker 2]: Without thinking that probably that person has been pushed. And you never know. Most rape cases are not cases that just happen. Maybe outside, maybe you get to hear that the person paid an opposite sex a visit, and people don't end up asking what actually happened. So, society doesn't help at all. 05:06:00 05:06:98 [Speaker 1]: Yeah, talking about society, I had this, in my experience, where I think I was around the junction, and I saw. I saw a lady, and an elderly woman was trying to, like, you know, correct her and dress good. And it was in an appropriate manner. You know, the manner of correction also matters. There are people that can just see, I'm like, You know, stuff like that. But she was correcting this lady a lovely manner, in a motherly manner. And just for the lady to, you know, speak very bad at this woman, telling her all sort of stuff like, it's my body, you didn't buy the clothes for me. You know, stuff like that. So, if this person, for instance, now falls victim of rape, and it's within the neighboring community, and that woman, per venture, is in the presence of the crime scene, she has no say. Because when I was giving you that advice, you were, you were adamant about your own point of view on the way you were dressed. So, it's a big thing. I think it needs to be corrected from the home front. As the saying goes, charity begins from home. Once parents can tell their children, this is it, this is that. There's no doubt about it that the minds of some people are perverted. Whether you wear a big clothes or you cover everywhere, there are just still some people that will look at you and feel sexually aroused by your outfit. But at least something should be done on the home front or in the home front, rather, to see that we put ethics, especially dressing, dressing ethics. Yeah, put dressing ethics. Inculcate it in the minds of young people. And, you know, I feel like it will go a long way to reduce rape cases or rape incidents in the society. And secondly, I don't know, what's your point of view concerning the media, be it social media, the media. 07:21:98 07:22:98 [Speaker 2]: It's actually worse than the physical society, social media doesn't help at all. Like, for social media, I would say it's very terrible, extremely terrible. You go online, you try to click on a site, and you get to notice that a lot of pop ups that pop up these days are sexual pop ups, almost on every site, even clean sites you want to go in. Maybe you want to download something simple, video for work or something. They keep popping ads for you. Apart from that, you go online, especially for the youth of this age. 08:09:98 08:10:00 [Speaker 1]: Yeah. 08:10:01 08:10:98 [Speaker 2]: The so-called Gen Z. It means that their parents can't control what the view online. You go to virtually any site, you go to their own social media. Good. 08:25:00 08:25:01 [Speaker 1]: Even cartoons. 08:25:100 08:26:98 [Speaker 2]: Yeah. 08:27:01 08:27:97 [Speaker 1]: For the younger generations. Yeah. 08:29:97 08:29:97 [Speaker 2]: Something else. 08:30:01 08:31:00 [Speaker 1]: Yeah. 08:30:98 08:31:01 [Speaker 2]: I once saw a cartoon, well, my friend, she once watched, started watching a cartoon. Actually, it's her kids thinking it was a cartoon. I don't know if I'm permitted to name the name of the cartoon. 08:43:98 08:44:02 [Speaker 1]: Sure, you are. 08:44:01 08:45:02 [Speaker 2]: Yeah, but, okay, like cartoon, like sausage party or American dad, they're all sexually induced, like. So social media doesn't help you. They go online, they can watch all these things. As a parent, you might say, okay, don't watch those programs, don't watch that one. But they go online. They can download it. They can download Netflix on their phone, watch these things. They can go on WhatsApp and share pictures with each other. 09:13:97 09:13:98 [Speaker 1]: Sure. 09:14:00 09:15:01 [Speaker 2]: They can go on Facebook and watch porn for free. Go on Twitter and see the same thing. And some sites might be like, yeah. Hope you're 18 and even if you're not 18. 09:29:99 09:29:100 [Speaker 1]: Yeah. Just click and yes, sure. 09:32:02 09:32:97 [Speaker 2]: And nothing happens because there's no means for proper verification. 09:37:01 09:38:02 [Speaker 1]: Sure, sure. 09:38:00 09:39:02 [Speaker 2]: There's no luck and there's no prevention because these sites too, like all over the site, pay for rights for ads and all that. So, the online community, to me, is what start it. 09:51:97 09:53:02 [Speaker 1]: Yeah. So social media is a kind of negative role. 09:56:99 09:57:100 [Speaker 2]: An extremely negative. Kids don't go online anymore to study. 10:03:01 10:03:97 [Speaker 1]: Sure. 10:03:100 10:05:00 [Speaker 2]: Once they study and they just divert to go and look for one or two more interesting things, and they end up getting distracted with all these things from the net. 10:16:02 10:15:99 [Speaker 1]: Yeah. 10:16:01 10:16:98 [Speaker 2]: Tomorrow you see them voting and shouting for role models that are not actually role models. 10:29:02 10:28:97 [Speaker 1]: Role models, sure. 10:30:01 10:30:97 [Speaker 2]: People that dress, indecently. 10:36:98 10:41:97 [Speaker 1]: That I just feel like if we were to compare, like, the incidents of rape way before and now I think it's on the rising. Do you agree with that? 10:53:01 10:54:02 [Speaker 2]: Yeah, I agree with that. I actually do agree with that. 10:56:99 10:56:99 [Speaker 1]: And for me personally, I think it's because of the advent of social media, because of the advent of, you know, exposure, exposure. People we don't call, we don't cope. We don't cope. The screen, there's this thing DStv started doing, I think some years back that there is parental guide, you can lock some certain channels, you know, for your kids not to have access. And I think it's one way that we can use social media and still use it effectively, effectively, rather to curb all these screen exposures and stuff like that. So have you had anyone like directly been a victim of it or have you been a victim of rape? 11:53:99 11:54:00 [Speaker 2]: No. 11:54:01 11:54:97 [Speaker 1]: Because men are also abused. 11:55:100 11:56:98 [Speaker 2]: Yeah, men are also abused. I believe that men don't even come out to say it because, because they feel like they are manly. They come out to say it. 12:06:97 12:07:01 [Speaker 1]: It's a shameful thing in society. 12:08:99 12:10:02 [Speaker 2]: It's a shameful thing in the society. A lot of men just keep it to themselves and end up with it, trying to be manly and all that. But men to are victims of rape. 12:28:98 12:29:00 [Speaker 1]: Yeah, yeah. I had a friend back in the university and he told me he had an aunt that raped him as early as age, was he age ten or twelve? And, you know, each time he's going through a phase in life, he just thinks about that and kind of affects his mental health. So, these are some of the issues that rape does to someone or to a person. So, I just feel like society should put more measures, especially on social media and the family front. Let parents be intentional about what their kids watch. Let parents be intentional about the friends their kids keep, because peer pressure is something that affects people that are growing up. And one thing again, is. 13:25:98 13:25:100 [Speaker 2]: They should also, be intentional about what their kids wear. 13:28:98 13:28:99 [Speaker 1]: Wear, exactly. 13:30:00 13:33:97 [Speaker 2]: Their kids, everything. Especially young girls. 13:36:100 13:37:01 [Speaker 1]: Yeah, sure, sure. And to the younger girls also, and the guys, young guys, young girls, there should be sensation about. Yeah, we know you're just getting to your prime, but life just begins here. And for you to be at the end of exposure and exposing dresses, it only makes your life that is just beginning to end at that point because you could, you could be a victim of rape. You know, there are many things, STD's, what have you, that you could have, through rape, and stuff like that. So there should be more orientation. There should be more orientation on detrimental issues of it, and I think the society will get better bit by bit if we do that. 14:24:98",general,866.2339909,19-25,Yoruba,NG data/363c7601-e830-4db8-ae3b-ae88b9fb29e1_6d0493f0d95fb131397ba0861c4e2c97_OSxLyl6o.wav,"00:00:100 [Speaker 2]: You are welcome. 00:01:100 00:02:04 [Speaker 1]: On today's discussion, we'll be talking about good leadership. And before we dive in, I would like you to tell us what is good leadership? 00:11:04 00:13:99 [Speaker 2]: Good leadership is the ability to guide, inspire and motivate others towards achieving a common goal. It involves effective communication, problem solving, decision making and vision setting. A good leader leads by example, listens and values the opinions of their team, and promotes a positive work culture. They possess strong emotional intelligence, adaptability and resilience to navigate through challenges and drive success. 00:55:02 00:56:100 [Speaker 1]: Wow. Thank you very much. That will help us know more about good leadership. Now, what qualities make a good leader? Rather, Mr Motua 01:07:02 01:09:04 [Speaker 2]: We have several qualities that make a good leader. If we may start with number one, integrity. Whereby we will say integrity is the cornerstone of trust in leadership. And a good leader must possess unwavering integrity to inspire confidence and maintain credibility. When leaders consistently uphold their values and principles, they set a moral compass for their teams, fostering an environment of honesty and dependability. Number 2, we have innovation. Innovation is virtue for staying competitive and driven, driving progress. Good leaders encourage innovation by valuing new ideas and creating creative problem solving. They recognize that embracing change is essential to adapt and thrive in constantly evolving world. Number 3, we have vision. A leader's vision provides direction and I purpose for their team. It creates a shared goal that motivates and guides everyone toward a common objective. A leader with a clear vision can inspire and align their team's efforts toward achieving ambitious goals. Number 4, passion. Passion fuels dedication and perseverance. Good leaders are passionate about their work and vision, which motivates them and inspires others to give their best. This enthusiasm can drive a team to overcome obstacles and achieve greatness. Number 5, we have communication. Effective communication is a linchpin of leadership. Leaders must articulate their vision, provide guidance and listen actively to their team. Strong communication skills ensure that messages are understood, fostering collaboration and trust. Number 6, we have self awareness. Self awareness. Leaders understand their strengths and weaknesses. This awareness enables them to make informed decision, leverage their strength and work on areas that need improvement. It also allows them to relate better to their team members. Another one is empathy at number 7, empathy is the ability to understand and connect with others emotionally. Good leaders use empathy to build rapport, resolve conflicts and create a supportive and inclusive work environment. It shows team members that the leaders cares about their well being. Number 8, we have courage. Leadership often requires making tough decisions and facing challenges. And on courageous, leaders are willing to take calculated risks, stand up for their beliefs and confront difficulties. Situation which even when uncomfortable. Number 9, we have delegation. Effective delegation is a mark of a confidence and capable leader. By entrusting tasks to team members based on their strengths and skills, leaders empower their team to take ownership and develop their abilities. This frees a leader to focus on strategic aspects of their role. Number 10, learning agility. In rapidly changing world, leaders must be quick learners. Learning agility allows leaders to adapt new information and circumstances, continuously improving decision making and problem solving abilities. Number eleven, we have adaptability. Adaptability. Leaders must adapt to involving situation and challenges. Those who can embrace change and adjust their strategies accordingly are better equipped to lead their teams through uncertainty. And ambiguity. 12, we have decision making. In leadership, decision making isn't just a task, it's a pivotal skill. Effective leaders don't make choices on a whim. They thoughtfully align each decision with their border vision and goals. They seek diverse opinion carefully with the pros and cons, then choose a course of action with conviction. This meticulous approach not only drives their objective forward, but also builds trust and respect among team members, reinforcing their leader's role as trusted guide. Number 13, we have accountability. Accountability means taking responsibility for one's action and decision. When leaders hold themselves accountable, they set a standard of responsibility for their team, fostering a culture of ownership and reliability. Number 14, we have gratitude. In a leadership role, expressing gratitude goes far beyond simple courtesy. It serves as an acknowledgement of hard work and contributions of team members. This practice not only boosts morale, but also strengthens interpersonal relationships and fosters a positive work environment. Such an unmote becomes a catalyst for motivation and productivity. Reinforcing the leaders role is an uplifting and empowering presence. Number 15, we have influence. Influence or influential leaders inspire others to follow their lead willingly. They lead by example, creating a shared sense of purpose and commitment within the team. Their influence stems from their character, action and ability to connect with others. And the last one, and not the least, is respect. Respect for all team members, regardless of their role or background, is essential for creating a humorous and inclusive workplace. Leaders who demonstrate respect foster a culture of collaboration and mutual support, enabling everyone to thrive. 08:46:01 08:47:04 [Speaker 1]: Well, thank you very much for that. And on to our next question. How have you seen them demonstrated in your personal or professional experience? 08:56:100 08:58:00 [Speaker 2]: Where I used to work, our leader would communicate on time, on making adjustments to schedules and budgets. 09:08:99 09:09:02 [Speaker 1]: Wow. Thank you very much for that. And without wasting time, I would like us to proceed with the next question. Where, in your opinion, do you think leadership is something that can be learnt or is it an innate trait? 09:25:02 09:26:99 [Speaker 2]: Leadership is an invaluable asset for any organization and it can be learned. Education and training provide individuals with knowledge and skills that can help them become effective leaders. Through education and training, individuals gain the ability to recognize their strengths and weaknesses. 09:51:01 09:51:01 [Speaker 1]: Wow. And final, but not the last one, have you ever had a mentor or seen someone develop their leadership skills over time? 10:00:02 10:00:99 [Speaker 2]: Yes, I once worked in a credit company and in such companies you need a lot of patient, agility, awareness, passion and . My mentor really lacked those skills due to impatient, poor communication, education and anger issues. But with time he has really improved. At the moment, as we speak, he is at the forefront to educate and create awareness in good leadership skills. 10:40:00 10:41:04 [Speaker 1]: Wow. Thank you very much for your time. We are really grateful for that and we look forward to having you again. 10:48:100 10:50:05 [Speaker 2]: Thank you so much for having me and for your time. 10:52:100",general,653.4019955,26-40,Swahili,KE data/e0b202dc-17fe-4936-a3c7-d89c639d9cda_2c5c6ef6476d5b77eb63b28dc14410e4_h3Ijm82h.wav,"00:00:03 [Speaker 2]: Thank you for the invite. 00:02:02 00:03:02 [Speaker 1]: Today we will be discussing about Manchester United, but before we go further, which team do you support? 00:08:04 00:09:02 [Speaker 2]: I am a Manchester United supporter. 00:12:02 00:12:03 [Speaker 1]: Wow. 00:12:99 00:15:03 [Speaker 2]: Yes. 00:16:01 00:16:99 [Speaker 1]: Mister Ruben, could you kindly tell us more about Manchester United before we dive into our questions? 00:22:01 00:23:01 [Speaker 2]: Okay. Manchester United is a professional football club based in Manchester, England. Founded in 1878, it is one of the oldest and most successful football clubs in the world. The team has a rich history and a large global fanbase. With its home ground at Old Trafford Stadium, Manchester United has won numerous domestic and international titles, including 20 English league titles and three European clubs. The club is known for its iconic red and white jersey and has a sport marking it on mostly renowned and prestigious football clubs in the world. 01:07:00 01:08:02 [Speaker 1]: Wow. That's very rich of Manchester United. Now, I want us to dive in our questions. Did you watch or did you catch Manchester United's game last weekend? 01:19:04 01:20:00 [Speaker 2]: Yes, I did. 01:21:01 01:21:04 [Speaker 1]: And what did you think of their performance? 01:24:00 01:25:04 [Speaker 2]: I watched the match between Manchester United and Liverpool. I am a Manchester United fan. What an entertaining match. Manchester United were playing at their home ground, commonly known as Old Strafford. The first half they faced up defeat with Liverpool taking a lead by one. The Manchester United defence was in shambles and they lacked possession of the ball. The possession was also in favour of Liverpool with a percentage of 43% and 57%, with Manchester United lacking a shot on target, while Liverpool enjoying a total of 15 shots and four shots on target. We had three offside decisions and one yellow card from Liverpool's side. Two big chances wasted by Liverpool with several possessions lost by both teams. The second half was a much entertaining as the host Manchester United came from behind to a two one win up to the 84th minute when Mohamed Salah rescued Liverpool and the match ended in a two-two draw. The overall performance we had seven yellow cards, with Manchester United grabbing five yellow cards and Liverpool two yellow cards. We saw young players representing both teams as young as 18 years. Kobbie Mainoo played really well and he was forced out of pitch due to injury on the 85th minute, Manchester United keeper Andre Onana displayed a good performance by saving three crucial saves against Liverpool. The man of the match was Bruno Fernandes, the captain of Manchester United. The players on scoresheet were Bruno Fernandez and Kobbie Mainoo from Manchester United, while on the other side of Liverpool, Luis Diaz and Mohamed Salah scored the goals. 03:53:04 03:54:01 [Speaker 1]: Wow. And I'm really excited to see how Mister Mose, I'm really excited to see how Manchester United will do in the upcoming season. So what player are you most looking forward to watching on the team? 04:09:99 04:10:100 [Speaker 2]: I think the team is now working hard and focusing on winning trophies. The goal of the team is to take the club to the next level and play in European Championship or competitions. I'm looking forward watching Kobbie Mainoo play because right now he is performing very well and is trying hard and working very hard to make sure that the team gets positive results. I'm also looking forward to see the captain, Bruno Fernandes unite players on pitch and bring the atmosphere of positive energy in both the pitch and dressing room. I'm also betting on Garnacho to improve and get more goals and work on being the top scorer on the sheet. And lastly, I want to see the performance of Amad Diallo who we want to see him play as he did on his performance while he was at loan at Sunderland. He will for sure be a great bet. We also want to encourage the coach, Erik ten Hag to rotate the squad so that we can see more positive results on the pitch. 05:35:01 05:35:99 [Speaker 1]: That was very educative about Manchester United and you almost made me come and to shift from my team. Actually, I'll think about that, but I'm so grateful for the insight, Mr. Mose. 05:48:99 05:49:04 [Speaker 2]: Thank you so much for the invite. 05:51:01",general,351.6290023,26-40,Swahili,KE data/c1fd9c2e-cd94-46d4-83c1-7ad12c4720a2_1ec6f4225669263584852245e01f4f4d_KoFwchas.wav,"00:00:00 Speaker C: You are welcome. 00:01:98 [Speaker 1]: Today we will be discussing about pros of being multilingual. But before that, what is being multilingual? 00:08:01 [Speaker 2]: Multilingual refers to the ability to speak, understand, and use more than one language proficiently. There are numerous benefits to being multilingual which go beyond the practical advantages of being able to communicate with people from different cultural backgrounds. Some of the key pros of being multilingual enhanced conjunctive abilities, increased job opportunities, improved cultural awareness and understanding, easier travel and navigation, and the ability to connect with and understand others. On a deeper level, being multilingual can also boost overall brain function, delay the onset of degenerative disease, and provide a sense of confidence and worldly knowledge. Overall, being able to speak multiple languages can open doors, broaden perspectives, and enrich one's personal and professional life in countless ways. 01:21:02 [Speaker 1]: Wow, thank you very much for that. And I was so impressed when I found out you can speak three languages fluently. What would you say are the top advantages of being multilingual? 01:34:03 [Speaker 2]: One of them includes enhanced communication skill. Compared to monolingual children, multilingual children are exposed to more diverse social experiences. As a result, multilingual children often become adapt at considering other people's perspective, making them more effective communicators. Another one is high latent linguistic recognition. Babies are able to identify and distinguish linguistic sounds in the different languages used in the household before they actually are physically able to use the language. Research shows that monolingual babies only identify the single language to which they are exposed. This gives multilingual babies a head start on the language learning process. The more exposure the children receive in multiple languages, the more linguistic recognition will occur. The third one is superior executive functioning. Executive functioning skills are connective capabilities that include reasoning, planning, and problem solving. Studies suggest that multilingual children often have better executive functioning skills than their monolingual counterparts, particularly related to areas of inhibition monitoring. This is perhaps because of constant switching of languages in multilingual households. Strong executive functioning skills is significance predictor of academic success. The other advantage is the other advantage is increased career opportunities. Communicating in various languages can give multilingual applicant a clear advantage over monolingual applicant. 03:45:98 Speaker 2: In the job field. 03:48:02 [Speaker 2]: The international business community considers the ability to communicate in more than one language and in principal tool for relationship building and financial success. This can make it easier to find a job and also can lead to pay increases. Another one is attuned to their surroundings. One key advantage of being multilingual is the ability to continuously monitor the environment. Once a researcher from University of Pompeo Fabra in Spain stated, bilinguals have to switch languages quite often. You may have to talk to your father in one language and your mother in another language. It requires keeping track of changes around you in the same way that we monitor surroundings when driving. This applies. This applies to all aspects of life, whether walking down the street or playing sports. 04:50:98 Speaker 2: The other one is delay on onset dementia. Research discovered at the Institute of Medical Science in Hyderabad, India showed that people. 05:02:03 [Speaker 2]: Who spoke a second language relayed on onset of aphlazemias for 4.5 years. This is due to the constant mental control of using multiple languages, which exercises the brain and helps to keep it from degenerative delaying. These diseases can increase quality of your life for yourself and for those around you. The other advantage is skilled multitaskers. Multilinguals have been shown to be better multitaskers because of the ability to switch languages. According to researches in the United States news article, when a bilingual speaks two languages, regularly speaking in just one of these languages requires use of the control network to limit interference from the other language and to ensure the continued dominance of the intended language. The other advantage is multiple languages multiplies perspectives. As they learn new language, people often adopt new preferences and perspectives. Researchers have even explained have even examined. 06:17:98 Speaker 2: The way in which languages produce a language mindset defined as feeling like a. 06:24:01 [Speaker 2]: Different person when using different languages. This may be as a result of varying grammar and structures of language. The other advantage is it improves memory. 06:37:01 Speaker C: It improves memory. 06:37:01 [Speaker 2]: Memory plays a huge part in learning language. Those who are multilingual often score higher in memory test than those who only use one language. Having a great memory can have both conjective and social benefits like recognizing faces or remember membering names. The last and the least is increased ability to learn additional languages. A recent study found that compared to people who are fluent in only one language, multilingual individuals have an easier time. 07:10:99 Speaker 2: Picking up a new language. 07:12:98 [Speaker 2]: In fact, the acquisition of multiple languages can help with the process of learning. 07:20:00 Speaker 2: New language as well as improve competency in native language. 07:25:01 [Speaker 2]: This is because languages reinforce one another and provide tools to strengthen phonological, morphologic and synthetic skill. 07:39:00 [Speaker 1]: Wow, thank you for that. And I've always wanted to learn another language, but I'm not sure if it's worth the effort. As someone who is multilingual, what benefits have you experienced from knowing multiple languages. 07:52:02 Speaker 2: Learning more languages helps in expanding your mind and worldview. When you learn a new language, you also learn the culture of the people who speak it. You get a deep awareness of the world outside of your bumble and you can see the world from other people's perspective. This is good for a couple of reasons. One, you develop professionally. Two, you develop personally. If you develop professionally. The modern workplace is multicultural. Tolerance and empathy are key. Learning a language boosts those characteristics and makes you an in demand employee when you develop personally. Sure, you could go through life never thinking beyond the borders of your hometown. Lot of people do this and preferably and perfectly are happy. But if you are a lifelong learner who isn't satisfied with staying the same, learning a language broadens your horizon. So what do you think? With your expanded mind and worldview, you get out and meet new people. For every language you speak, you have a whole. You have a who. You have a whole worldview. You get out there and meet new people. For every language you speak, you have a whole bunch of new people to communicate with. So when you are multilingual person who speaks more than two languages frequently, you've got unlimited opportunities to interact with people from all over the world. It also helps you to give you a meaningful experience in your local community and overseas. Many of us who live in multicultural places, there are some people from all over the world living in our doorstep. Being fluent in multiple languages helps you to make connection in these different communities. It's the same when you are traveling. You go oversea and only use English. It's easy and you'll have a good time, but any interactions you have are superficial by default. But if you know multiple languages, you have meaningful conversation. When people all over the world travel experiences become deeper and more meaningful than ever, all by speaking same languages as locals. It also helps you to find a romantic partner. Here are less obvious benefits. Getting a learning or a language can help you find a romantic partner. According to some of many surveys. They always say like that. This also increases your social skills. People who speak multiple languages are more empathetic and can consider other people's points of view. They understand that other people's beliefs, values and opinions are different from theirs and they are accepting of those differences. This improved perspective taking means multilinguals have better social skills. Language is social. It's a tool for communicating with other people. That's why people who learn multiple languages from an early age have better social skills. They are great at monitoring who is saying what and in what language and they can support social partners more easily than monolingual people. It also reduces the risk of mental decline. Conjunctive decline is a huge health issue in the United States. Women have a 37% risk dementia. They always there are ways to delay this, however, one of the best speaking multilingual languages. Another way is it also improves your memory. It also helps you to broaden your mind. And obviously you need to remember a lot to be a fluent language. And memory training spreads to other parts of your life. You will be less likely to forget birthdays and appointments, and you will always know when you left the keys and where you left them. Learning more languages becomes easy. When you learn more languages, it also makes your life to be more easy. It also increases your employability. People with language skills are in high demand. Modern businesses operate in multicultural or international settings. People who can speak multilingual languages are extremely valuable to them. Add your language skills to your resume and watch your employability show. It opens exciting doors and interesting job opportunities. It helps these in the following ways. You can get a job with diplomats or diplomatic job. You can get a job like a translator. You can also get a job as an interpreter. Having or speaking more different languages is healthy and makes you grow better. For that said, I can only say that multilingual is better than monolingual. 13:39:01 [Speaker 1]: Thank you very much Mr. Kevin for the insight. 13:41:01 Speaker 2: You're welcome.",general,822.0070068,26-40,Swahili,KE data/49542e8d-b799-4d91-94e8-fd1571e51741_ca68349b5465788820f6f7365b3e86f2_AE1gDlkZ.wav,"00:00:99 [Speaker 1]: All right, so today's topic is child marriage. 00:05:00 00:06:00 [Speaker 2]: Yo, that's a toughie. 00:07:97 00:08:00 [Speaker 1]: That's a tough one. Yeah. So child marriage, it was described as a harmful practice that refers to any formal marriage. Right. Or informal union between a child under the ages of 18 and an adult or another child, you know. So this is basically a forced marriage... 00:39:02 00:39:02 [Speaker 2]: it is 00:40:02 00:40:02 [Speaker 1]: Yeah. If you come to think of it, because a child under the age of 18, they are still developing. Now, how can you take that infant and throw them to an adult in a marriage? I mean, marriage is a very hard task. It's very hard itself. 01:05:100 01:06:99 [Speaker 2]: Imagine being a child having to, like, do those tasks. 01:12:03 01:12:03 [Speaker 1]: Imagine 01:13:01 01:13:01 [Speaker 2]: ...that old women can't even obtain. 01:15:99 01:16:01 [Speaker 1]: No, they can't. You know, they can't. So I feel that it's child abuse, but however, it's actually being practiced in other cultures. So in other people, it's a culture, you know, whereby you get a child, a girl child at the ages of maybe 10, 12, 14, being married to an old man. 01:52:97 01:53:01 [Speaker 2]: Older than their father 01:54:98 01:54:98 [Speaker 1]: Older than their fathers, their grandfathers. I actually came across this video On Facebook where a granny married a child. 02:11:100 02:13:03 [Speaker 2]: How is that even possible? who does that? 02:16:01 02:14:100 [Speaker 1]: Married a child, a seven year old boy. I don't know if I still have that picture, but I took a screenshot of it. I was so moved, you know, I was so moved. I was so emotional. Like, you know, it goes back to that issue of naming children with dead people. You know, other. Other people name their kids by maybe their dead grandmother, dead grandfather, whoever. Now it destroys them, I feel that. 02:55:02 02:55:02 [Speaker 2]: Yeah, those kids must be going through a lot. 02:57:97 02:57:99 [Speaker 1]: They are. 02:58:97 02:59:97 [Speaker 2]: Imagine at the age of 10 to 18, you must still be playing 03:05:97 03:06:01 [Speaker 1]: You must still be playing 03:07:98 03:08:02 [Speaker 2]: with toys. 03:08:100 03:09:98 [Speaker 1]: You know, 03:09:98 03:10:99 [Speaker 2]: getting, like, jumping muddy puddles. 03:13:03 03:13:99 [Speaker 1]: Trying to find yourself. 03:15:02 03:15:98 [Speaker 2]: Yes, but being a wife or a husband at that age. 03:20:00 03:19:01 [Speaker 1]: At that age, wow! 03:21:02 03:21:00 [Speaker 2]: That must be terrifying. 03:22:01 03:22:97 [Speaker 1]: Its very terrifying, it's Terrible. You know, so I really do not agree with this but it's happening in some cultures, so whether we like it or not, it's happening. But then I would say that child marriage, it's an abuse to kids. 03:39:01 03:39:02 [Speaker 2]: It is. 03:40:99 03:41:01 [Speaker 1]: It's an abuse. You know, as you said, that, you know, a. A 16 year old, a teenager, like, let's just take a teenager for this instance. Those guys are still trying to find themselves. 03:57:98 03:57:01 [Speaker 2]: Themselves, Yes. 03:59:03 03:59:03 [Speaker 1]: Teenagers don't know anything about themselves. Hence we have so many sections, you know, about teenagers. Everywhere we go, we have books. We have books to help us raise teenagers. We have programs that we sign into to raise teenagers. You know, we do not get along with our teenage children. So imagine that kind of a child being placed in a marriage, you know, even if it's not a child and an adult, sometimes you find that it's actually two kids. 04:40:100 04:40:100 [Speaker 2]: Yes. 04:41:98 04:42:98 [Speaker 1]: You being married, maybe this one is twelve, that one is six. 04:46:02 04:47:00 [Speaker 2]: What happened to getting married because you love each other. 04:50:100 04:51:100 [Speaker 1]: Hence, I'm saying that sometimes, it is the culture 04:55:00 04:54:03 [Speaker 2]: Dont you think that, when you're talking about the culture, don't you think it's because of poverty and stuff. 05:05:00 05:07:03 [Speaker 1]: You know In indian culture, we've see. Have you not seen it in indian cultures? Mostly 05:13:99 05:13:99 [Speaker 2]: I have, 05:15:03 05:15:03 [Speaker 1]: Yes. And you find that even the bride or the groom, they are unhappy. 05:19:00 05:20:00 [Speaker 2]: Always 05:20:98 05:20:99 [Speaker 1]: They are unhappy. 05:22:01 05:21:100 [Speaker 2]:They are always unhappy 05:23:01 05:23:01 [Speaker 1]: And you find that maybe the girl's parents, the mother's not happy, she keeps crying. And the father is just there being bold and saying, you're gonna do this. You're gonna do this. 05:35:01 05:36:99 [Speaker 2]: So do you think it's because of poverty or. 05:39:02 05:41:99 [Speaker 1]: That kind of culture? I believe that it's poverty. I mean, you can. You cannot send your child to something that you know, that he or she will never handle. I feel that it's because of poverty. Parents sell their kids. Well, that's my opinion. You know? that's my opinion. I feel that parents sell kids for poverty. 06:06:03 06:07:97 [Speaker 2]: Or maybe they're just looking out for their children to get a better future or I don't know. 06:13:98 06:13:98 [Speaker 1]: And you find that most of the time, even if that's the case, of maybe assisting your kid to get the privileges of a good life, those people, they are so abusive. The rich people are so abusive. They will abuse your kids until your child dies or maybe comes to you crying. 06:33:02 06:33:02 [Speaker 2]: That's bad 06:34:97 06:34:97 [Speaker 1]: It's very bad. 06:36:03 06:36:03 [Speaker 2]: The worst part is they cannot even go back home. 06:37:99 06:38:02 [Speaker 1]: No, they cannot. I do not agree with that I'm telling you. 06:44:98",general,406.4209977,26-40,Sesotho,ZA data/b5079ba2-df1c-448d-89f4-685241747496_fa3e5097cc8ce777e5238b991cacdbc9_3ebDCfdh.wav,"00:00:00 [Speaker 1]: Alright, so today's topic is bo bo bo. Okay. Um, peer pressure in adolescence. Now, I feel that we have had this conversation for, like, forever. Yes. Because we, we all went through this stage. Yeah, we went through this stage of peer pressure. And so I don't know if you'd like to share something with us regarding this topic. 00:41:04 [Speaker 2]: I'd say that peer pressure is a huge influence on adolescents as they navigate the challenges of growing up and forming their identities. 00:56:98 [Speaker 1]: Yes. Yes. 00:56:98 [Speaker 2]: Right. 00:59:02 [Speaker 1]: They actually, in a. They're actually looking for themselves. 01:04:98 [Speaker 2]: Yes. 01:04:98 [Speaker 1]: In that stage, they do not really. 01:07:02 [Speaker 2]: Know who they are or what they are doing. 01:11:04 [Speaker 1]: Like me, as, as a young MPO, like, I'm like, who am I? I'm actually in that stage, you know, where I ask myself, who am I? What do I want? What do I want? Yes. So I do, uh, believe that it also refers to the impact that teenagers who are of similar age or age group and interest have on individual thoughts, behaviors and decision making processes, you know? So adolescents often face peer pressure in various forms, both positive and negative, you know, as they seek acceptance and approval from their social circles. 02:03:03 [Speaker 2]: Wait, a positive peer influence? 02:08:99 [Speaker 1]: Yeah, we have two types of peer influence. You know, we have negative peer influence and also positive, you know, so I've. 02:21:03 [Speaker 2]: Never heard of the positive one. 02:23:03 [Speaker 1]: Really? You've only heard. Okay, you know, positive peer influence, it can serve a positive role model for teenagers or idolizers. Okay. Yes. Encouraging them to excel academically, you know, participating in activities and develop essential social skills. We do have those kind of people, you know, it doesn't mean that when you are a teenager, you're always thinking of negative stuff. We do have people who are raised properly. Not to say that the ones who have negative impact, who have the negative peer influence were not raised properly. I mean, in this world, we choose who we wanna be. 03:14:02 [Speaker 2]: Yeah. 03:14:02 [Speaker 1]: You know, so positive peer relationships can foster friendships, you know, provide emotional support and inspire personal growth. 03:28:98 [Speaker 2]: Oh, so that's what it is. 03:30:02 [Speaker 1]: Yeah, that's what it is. Basically. Lies. Yeah. Would you also like to know about the negative peer influences? Please lead teenagers to encourage I. Or to engage in risky behaviors such as some substance abuse, you know, or early sexual activities. Yeah. That we have seen. And I really do not understand. Why do we have. Why does it contribute, why the negative peer influence contributes a lot more than the positive peer influence? 04:12:01 [Speaker 2]: Not to think it's because teenagers are trying to find themselves. 04:18:99 [Speaker 1]: Yeah. 04:18:99 [Speaker 2]: They're not really mentally stable, I'd say. 04:23:01 [Speaker 1]: Because they are still developing. 04:25:01 [Speaker 2]: Yes. 04:25:01 [Speaker 1]: Yeah, I would say. I would say that. And one other thing, I would actually say maybe the climate change or maybe the world evolving and stuff because they do have an impact on us as human beings. Really? Yeah, that's what I didn't think so. You know, negative influencers from other peers may push individuals to actually confront or conform to, you know, to harmful norms, like making choices that go against their values, you know? 05:08:01 [Speaker 2]: Sure, that's bad. 05:08:01 [Speaker 1]: It's very bad. But what I like about this, this topic of ours, it doesn't necessarily support only one side. 05:21:00 [Speaker 2]: It supports both sides. 05:21:00 [Speaker 1]: Both sides. We understand that there are two sides of peer pressure sense in the world. It's not actually one thing because hence I was saying this, we only see bad things that teenagers do. 05:43:01 [Speaker 2]: That's. I think that's because teenagers often do those bad things more than good things. 05:51:02 [Speaker 1]: I don't know. I don't know. But then, you know what? I'll just trust you there. But we do have teenagers, but they are there, you know? So I also feel that we should. We as parents, as the society, we should support our teenage children, you know, we should support them in order that. In order that they make better decisions in life. 06:23:00 [Speaker 2]: Meaning that's a positive influence. 06:26:03 [Speaker 1]: That's a positive influence, you know? Yes, but you know what? I remember when I used to be a teenager because believe me, I've been. Been there. Even though I am, I am an adult. I've been there. But whatever. What I see, what I see, the teen, our, today's teenagers are actually not like us in our days when we were teenagers. 06:57:02 [Speaker 2]: How is that? 06:57:02 [Speaker 1]: It's totally two different generation, you know? 07:03:03 [Speaker 2]: Okay, would you like to elaborate? 07:03:03 [Speaker 1]: Yes. We did have a peer pressure in our days, but it wasn't as strong as what we see these days. I mean, in our times, the peer pressure that we had, it was about, you know, being your favorite mom, being your. Sorry. Being your favorite child amongst your siblings and stuff. You know, it wasn't all about the influence outside, really. Yes, it wasn't. It wasn't all about the influence outside. It started in the house. Everything started in the house. I wanted to be better than everyone else, than my sister, to my mother, you know? But in today's. In today's world, teenagers have peer pressure. Like, it's very strong these days. You know, they compete, especially with friends, also with celebrities, with friends and stuff. 08:14:04 [Speaker 2]: So it's not only at home. 08:14:04 [Speaker 1]: It's not only at home. 08:17:02 [Speaker 2]: It's always from the outside, actually. 08:19:100 [Speaker 1]: Yeah. With friends or classmates, you know, teammates maybe. When you take part in sports at school, whatever social trends, you know, that is the most dangerous one, because I see today's kids, when they see something on the Internet, they want to try. 08:44:03 [Speaker 2]: It, which is not always a good thing. 08:47:04 [Speaker 1]: It isn't. They want to try it, and they want it to work for them. 08:50:99 [Speaker 2]: They try so hard. 08:50:99 [Speaker 1]: They try so hard, and it's damaging. It's damaging. It's a very negative influence on them, you know? 09:04:04 [Speaker 2]: Do you think role models often play a positive or a negative influence? 09:10:01 [Speaker 1]: Role models? 09:10:01 [Speaker 2]: Yes. From teenagers. 09:14:03 [Speaker 1]: From teenagers. I actually feel that it depends on the celebrity. No, sorry, the role model. Because we do not conduct ourselves the same. You know, we do have. For an example, we do have celebrities. Some of them you can actually learn from. Some of them you cannot learn from. You understand? So I feel. Yeah, I feel that it goes both ways. We do have role models that we can look up to, you know? So is there anything that you'd maybe like to share from your teenage perspective? 09:59:98 [Speaker 2]: No. 10:01:99 [Speaker 1]: You don't want to share anything. How about my school life? 10:05:02 [Speaker 2]: Yo, my school life was a hell. 10:08:01 [Speaker 1]: What. What happened Filas there for? 10:15:00 [Speaker 2]: It was bad. 10:15:00 [Speaker 1]: Yeah. 10:15:00 [Speaker 2]: I mean, I was always that quiet kid at school, you know, so, like, I wasn't trying so hard to fit. 10:27:02 [Speaker 1]: In, but I think it's a positive one. 10:30:100 [Speaker 2]: Okay. 10:30:100 [Speaker 1]: Yeah. It is a positive peer pressure. It is a positive sign, because trying to fit in actually takes you to stages where you risk your life in order for you to fit in, you know? Yeah. You find that maybe at school there was this group of ladies they. Yeah. You see? So I feel that they had their signatures where they did whatever they did. Maybe they went to parties, they had drugs, they took their drugs, they took alcohol. They took part in sexual activities at a young age. 11:17:01 [Speaker 2]: It's always the popular girls. 11:17:01 [Speaker 1]: It's always the popular girls. 11:20:02 [Speaker 2]: Always. 11:20:02 [Speaker 1]: Whoa. You know what? I've just remembered something. I've just remembered something from my teenage days when I used to attend my high school. So there was this lady who, in the same class, she had her friends. I mean, I wasn't in their league. I won't lie to you. I was not in their league. So they would always go out for parties on weekends. They would wear short skirts. Not to say that girls with short skirts have bad intentions or whatever, I'm just saying, like, that was their signature. They used to wear very short skirts. They used to prepare their hair. Their hair was up to date. They would wear makeup and in, nowadays, you wouldn't wear makeup, but they would wear makeup, you know, meaning they were popular. They were popular, you know. And I had this friend of mine who wanted to. She knew the other lady from the group. From that group. So that lady, my friend, wanted us to join them. And because I wasn't that big of a. I was also not seeking for popularity or whatever. Yeah. Acceptance from others, as I told you that. You know what? I used to have that pressure at home, you know, I wanna be better. I wanna be better more than my sister. I wanna do my chores. And my mom, when she comes from work, I wanna show her mom, this is what I did. This is what I did, you know? Yeah, that's it. That. That was the only acceptance, I don't wanna lie, that I wanted, you know, in those age. 13:09:03 [Speaker 2]: Yeah. 13:09:03 [Speaker 1]: So you know what? My friend joined them. 13:14:98 [Speaker 2]: Were you guys friends after that? 13:17:00 [Speaker 1]: No, we were, like, speaking to each other and that was it. We were never friends anymore. Because she got consumed and they were expelled at school. They were expelled because they were rebellious. They didn't do their schoolwork. They used to backchat at teachers. After she joined the group, she would backchat. She was back chatting, and then she took herself, like, she distanced herself, herself from me. And I heard that she was here and I heard that. I heard that she started drinking alcohol age, and she actually got fell pregnant. You know, that's tough. If I can see, if you can see her today, you'll never agree that. I'll show you a picture of her when you were in high school. You will never agree that that is actually her. So she got caught in the negative influence, peer pressure influence. But when we were together, I wouldn't want to lie. We used to have that positive influence towards each other of doing our schoolwork and doing our chores. Yes. So, yeah, it's a.",general,885.5249887,26-40,Sesotho,ZA data/ebcde1b4-bd3b-49b7-b777-e7d87a7cb7f3_4b6a37dd905f6140bd02f1eb95cc648a_hQjVbPNQ.wav,"00:00:97 [Speaker 1]: Alright, so today's topic is friendship. So I feel that it's a very beautiful topic, or rather conversation. 00:12:00 00:12:02 [Speaker 2]: What's your view on friendship? 00:15:02 00:16:00 [Speaker 1]: My view on friendship? All right. Firstly, when we talk about friendship, to me, we are actually talking about something beautiful, something pure, you know, something, something out of this world, you know, because to me, a friendship is a very beautiful relationship going on between two people. 00:46:99 00:47:100 [Speaker 2]: It can't be like more than two people, like a group. 00:50:97 00:51:02 [Speaker 1]: Yeah. Yes, yes, you're correct. So a friendship is a relationship of mutual affection, you know, between people that goes beyond, mere association. So it's not about just meeting, you know, it's deeper than that. It's deeper than that, yes. It's not about you guys meeting maybe for, for rugby club meeting, you know, or anything like that, or family meetings. Like when you meet, my God, it's. You go like, it's something beautiful, my guys. So I feel that it represents a very strong interpersonal bond where people choose to be with one another, you know, where they're choosing to enjoy spending time together. Yes. And providing positive and supportive roles for one another you know. 01:57:98 01:58:99 [Speaker 2]: And common features that are known for friendships are trust. 02:04:99 02:05:97 [Speaker 1]: Yes. 02:05:99 02:06:03 [Speaker 2]: Shared values most of the time, like keeping in each other like company and like supporting one another, you know, the enjoyment of people being around each other. 02:19:98 02:19:99 [Speaker 1]: Yeah. You know? Yeah. But I feel that we have too many different friendships, wouldn't you agree? Because I used to have a childhood friend, you know, I used to have childhood, in fact, childhood friends, which now we are, we actually do not interact anymore, but we're not friends anymore. But at the same time, we do not have bad blood to, between each other. Yes. When we meet, when we meet maybe in the malls or wherever, we get excited, you know, to see each other. We remember that bond that we used to have as children, you know. So I feel that friendship has too many stages and then I feel that it also has the adolescent stage, you know, where teenager. Yeah, where teenager becomes more giving, you know, sharing more, being frank and yes, and very special, you know, because I feel that teenagers rely on, rely very heavy, heavily on their friendship, on their, yes, yeah, you know, and companionship as they navigate, as they navigate the challenges in the developmental stage. So friendship in adolescence plays a very crucial role in shaping social skills, you know. 04:09:99 04:10:99 [Speaker 2]: Emotional well being, and self identity. 04:15:01 04:15:01 [Speaker 1]: Yes, yes. You know, so a friendship is a very beautiful thing. It's a very beautiful thing. People sharing really beautiful emotions and memories. But how do you feel about a child being a friend with their parents? Is it possible? 04:35:99 04:36:01 [Speaker 2]: Yeah, it is possible. It is a good thing because. Because most of the time, just because they are your parents, you get scared of them. Like, you should have, like, some bond that you should not, like, disrespect them, but disrespect, but respect them still having not to be scared and yeah, having fun. 05:00:99 05:00:99 [Speaker 1]: Yes. So I also read somewhere about child and parent friendship, that as parents, you shouldn't be friends with your kids. You know, a lady once told me that, you know what? You shouldn't be friends with your kids because they, they get too, too comfortable with, with you guys. 05:29:98 05:30:01 [Speaker 2]: That's why I said you must have some level of respect. 05:33:98 05:33:99 [Speaker 1]: Yes. 05:34:00 05:35:03 [Speaker 2]: But not, like, being scared, because, like, most people ask you their parents. 05:38:99 05:39:01 [Speaker 1]: Yes. So you're saying that you should be friends, but you should have limits. 05:45:03 05:44:98 [Speaker 2]: Limits, yes. 05:45:01 05:46:02 [Speaker 1]: Yeah. Yeah. I do agree with. 05:47:100 05:48:00 [Speaker 2]: It's like, It's like when you're having a mutual friend, like, yeah, your friend. Your friend has a friend, like, you are not that tapped in, but we have to, like, always. You have. You always meet each other? Some things like that. 06:03:98 06:03:100 [Speaker 1]: Yes. 06:04:01 06:04:02 [Speaker 2]: So obviously, you're not gonna tell him or her everything. She's not gonna. She or he's not gonna tell you everything. 06:11:98 06:11:99 [Speaker 1]: Yeah. 06:12:00 06:12:01 [Speaker 2]: You have some level of respect that you don't know this person. 06:15:01 06:16:02 [Speaker 1]: Yes. 06:16:98 06:17:01 [Speaker 2]: So you don't really, like, open up that too, that much. 06:22:99 06:23:01 [Speaker 1]: Yeah. No, I do agree with you. And, , I also feel that. Yeah, and I also feel that it's a great thing as a parent to be, to become friends with your kids because I feel that you would understand them better. 06:41:100 06:43:03 [Speaker 2]: Yes. 06:42:99 06:43:01 [Speaker 1]: You know, you would understand all their emotions and stuff. 06:47:97 06:47:98 [Speaker 2]: And you'll be more free to, like, open up to your parents for some things happening, like maybe at school getting bullied. Sometimes you don't tell your parents, but, like, having that friendship and that trust you build up on, you can tell them openly. 07:04:97 07:04:98 [Speaker 1]: Yeah. 07:05:00 07:06:01 [Speaker 2]: You can open up to them. You become open. You become open, you know, which is a good thing. 07:11:97 07:11:98 [Speaker 1]: Which is a good thing, because in that way, you guys, you will be able to, to control every situation that your child comes in their way. No, that's a very nice, that's a very nice point to get there. So, you know, there are a lot of things going on in friendships, you know, not always positive stuff. Not always. We don't have positive effects in friendships. Only we do have negative effects. 07:52:03 07:51:98 [Speaker 2]: Yes. 07:52:00 07:52:01 [Speaker 1]: You know, like a friendship. I feel that a good friendship can be destroyed by two friends lending each other money. You know, money has always been the root of the problem between everyone. Not only in friendship, also in families, also at work places and everywhere, you know 08:19:01 08:19:98 [Speaker 2]: Gotta be two sided, not one sided. 08:21:98 08:21:100 [Speaker 1]: Yes, yes, and also, like, now we actually looking at the negative effect on friendships. Hey, now you find that you, my friend, and you've just opened up your shop, you know, so whenever I don't have the cash to buy whatever I need, I just go to your shop thinking that you will give me. Yeah. For free or maybe on credit and stuff. And you find out that the laws that you put it at your store doesn't allow anyone to take credit or give. People don't understand that when you give stuff to people that you should be selling to others, they are actually destroying you. Exactly, you know. 09:14:02 09:14:03 [Speaker 2]: So friendship and friendships, some, some friendships end like that because you think it's one sided. 09:20:02 09:19:99 [Speaker 1]: Yeah. 09:20:02 09:20:02 [Speaker 2]: Like, because the person cannot give you everything. Like, sometimes you gotta count on yourself too. 09:25:100 09:26:02 [Speaker 1]: Yes. No, you're correct. So, yeah, but friendship is a very beautiful affection, you know, between people and I still say that I really love friendships. You know, they come up. It's a beautiful name and even when you say friendship, or maybe when your, when your friend call you and when you pick up the phone, she's like, or, he's like, but when she's a girl, she's like, hi, friend and you're like, hi, friend, how are you? You know, it's a beautiful. Yeah, that happiness, you, it gives you some kind of peace. You know, there are some certain stuff that you can actually tell them that you're not able. Yes, that you can't tell anyone. And you guys will be like, yo, bro, what up, bro? Where have you been, bro? And stuff. -1:50:-202:04:99",general,622.4479819,26-40,Sesotho,ZA data/bb52e43b-e30c-4fb7-87d6-97ee79ce25ea_1edd4c4950cd2e29e8f010b7d8fed57f_Pf1DgnAk.wav,"00:01:99 [Speaker 2]: I'm so much humbled to be with you on board today. 00:04:97 00:04:97 [Speaker 1]: Okay, today we are discussing about teenage pregnancy. Kindly let us know what is teenage pregnancy? 00:14:97 00:14:97 [Speaker 2]: Thank you very much and I will give a brief of what is teenage pregnancy? According to my understanding now, teenage pregnancy refers to the situation in which a girl aged between 13 and 19 becomes pregnant. It is a global issue that affects not only the pregnant girl but also her family as well as the community. Teenage pregnancy can have negative consequences for both the mother and child, including health risks, socio stigmatization and barrier to education and employment opportunities. Addressing this issue requires comprehensive sex education, access to reproductive healthcare and support for young parents. 01:05:96 01:07:97 [Speaker 1]: Wow. Thank you for that brief explanation. And to our first question, did you hear about the recent rise in teenage pregnancies? 01:16:97 01:16:97 [Speaker 2]: Yes, and that made me feel so heartbroken. 01:20:97 01:22:95 [Speaker 1]: What do you think could be the reason behind it? 01:25:99 01:27:99 [Speaker 2]: Now some of the causes of the high rise of the teenage pregnancy when we have school dropouts, pregnant girls often drop out of schools, limiting opportunities for future employment and perpetuating the cycle of poverty. Now we also have married adolescents. In this case, adolescent pregnancy can also have negative social and economic effects on girls. Their families and communities will be affected by this. We have socioeconomics, in this case for girls aged 15 to 19 years old, risks are associated with more socioeconomic factors that with the biological effects of age. These factors are critical in fully understanding teenage pregnancy and for promotion of reproductive health among the adolescents. We also have educational attainment, poor educational background, living non relatives, risky sexual behaviors, perceived support from parents, poor knowledge of sexuality are risk factors to considering high rises of teenage pregnancy. We also have media exposure. It is important to note that media exposure is a complex issue also in Nigeria and can have both positive and negative impacts on adolescents. Or we have other family members. In this case, teen pregnancy and motherhood can influence younger siblings. One study found that the younger sister of a teen mother are highly we can say that are highly exposed to becoming pregnant because they'll follow the suit of what the sister went through. We have parental support in this case. It is important to note that parental support can play a protective role in reducing adolescent pregnancy. So if a parent does not support their children, they will be exposed to what to most of what is going on, rather causing teenage pregnancy. We also have peer pressure, peer pressure and media influence. Aside from sexual or rather, sexual related abuse studies have reported that peer pressure is a significant factor influencing adolescent pregnancy, more so in the parts of Nigeria. We also have sexual violence. Early sexual debut and being out of school are significantly associated with teenage pregnancies. Desire to compensate for the loss of a child, reduced access to information and contraception, and increased sexual violence. This really rather increases the high rise of teenage pregnancies. We have lack of sex education. Those who have received minimal education are five times more likely to become a mother than those with higher levels of education. We have lack of contraceptions, lack of reproductive health education, lack of parental control, family and peer pressure, poverty, love for material goods, misinformation and also lack of individual agency. Poverty, school dropout, lack of community support and limited access to contraception rather are some of the high causes of teenage pregnancies. We have poverty. Poverty. Besides the lack of contraceptives, adolescent pregnancies are also fueled by poverty. A poverty and dysfunctional family are implicated as influencing adolescent pregnancy. More so in Ghana, we have alcohol or drug use. In this case, inhibition reducing drugs and alcohol may possibly encourage unintended sexual activity causing teenage pregnancies. We also have early puberty alleviate. In this case, girls who mature early are more likely to engage in sexual intercourse at a younger age and this will end up causing high rise in teenage pregnancies. 06:19:95 06:21:100 [Speaker 1]: Wow. Thank you for that information. Number two, I read an article about the challenges that teen teenage mothers rather face. Have you or anyone you know experienced similar struggles as a young parent? 06:41:95 06:42:98 [Speaker 2]: Yes, someone very close indeed faced some of the struggles and I would like to highlight some of the struggles that I've seen teenage mothers go through. If you kindly allow me Mister Francis. Challenge number one, we have changes to mental health. Both becoming a teenage and pregnant are among the risk factors for depression. When these two factors are combined, the risk increases. Only ten to 15% of older mother experience prenatal and postpartum. This is after delivery depression and there are several causes for mental health changes in teenage mothers. One reason is that teen moms are more likely to experience pregnancy complications and this added rather adds stress to the teen mother. Teen parents do not have the time to devote to exercise, sleep and self care that they may have had before giving birth. Another challenge we have is the cost of raising a child. Infant care comes with large costs as we all know about time involved in feeding a baby takes a lot and consumes a lot. It's important to know the financial investment involved as well. If you use formula, for example, you'll have to budget for this expense. Baby food, which most children begin at six months, is another cost to consider. New moms have bottles, diapers, clothes, and toys to consider. In addition to healthcare costs, an infant requires larger ticket items such as a crib, high chair, changing table, and a stroller. We also have another challenge is difficulty juggling school with a child. School, as we all know, is time consuming. High school students in most schools, they spend roughly 7 hours a day. Even more high school teachers nationwide assign three, let's say 3.5 hours of work, that is, assignments on average. That means that students taking five academic classes have roughly 10 hours of school related work each day. Of course, this number doesn't include time for other essential tasks like getting ready for the day and traveling to and from school. Taking care of an infant is time consuming as well. The average infant nurses eight to twelve times a day for 20 to 45 minutes. That's over 2 hours spent feeding each day. In addition, new mothers report exhaustion from waking up multiple times each night, changing, bathing the baby, playing with the child, all take significant time as well. With all these activities, most new moms have difficulty concentrating and finding time to rest, let alone do their homework. Another challenge we have is poverty. Teen mothers suffer from poverty. They resort to transactional sex or endure gender violence and abuse in exchange for material goods, food or money. Many of these young girls, they are younger than the fathers of their babies. Thus a huge power imbalance, making it difficult for poor teenage mothers to defend and protect themselves from abusers. Some end up opting for early marriages, a way of assessing food, clothing, housing and security, which is very sad. Mental health problems I'll have to repeat on this and explain more. We have several factors that can negatively affect her teens mother's mental health. These include lack of sufficient sleep, lack of family support, especially in cases where pregnant teens are kicked out of parents or guardians' home, change in social status, loss of friends, the cost of raising a child, and the hassle of juggling school or raising a child. This and others can lead to mental health problems, including stress and depression. We have the possibility of family conflict. Telling your parents that you are pregnant isn't easy at all. Many parents are understandably upset when they learn that their child is pregnant. In the worst case scenario, parents have kicked their pregnant daughters out of the house without any support. We also have change in social status. Teen mothers often experienced a vast change in their social lives. Some drop out of schools to devote time to raising their children. Others may stay in school but must drop extracurricular activities to find a job to support their child's needs. All of these courses are disconnected from previous social circles and some girls report that friends maintain contact in the beginning, but their friendship change as the new mother's focus changes. There are a lot of them, but I don't know if time allows us to continue with some. Maybe I can read one more whereby they lose opportunity to advance education. Girls lose their childhood and are forced to drop the education to adapt to the life of caring for their children whereby you see in Kenya, 98% of teen mothers are out of school with a zero probability of returning. We have stigma and rejection. Teen mothers face stigma from their parents, actually teachers, peers and society. This has made it difficult for teen moms to seek social and moral support and at times many are disowned by their parents or kicked out of home. This leaves them with more vulnerable to abuse and exploitation in their community. So let's show them love, support, care as many times as we can. Thank you very much Mister Francis. 12:58:100 12:59:97 [Speaker 1]: Thank you so much for that. That was so informative. At least we have known some of the challenges teen mothers face through when they get their kids in early age. Thank you for coming through and thank you for having you. 13:13:98 13:15:99 [Speaker 2]: I'm so much humbled for having your time actually. And let me say thank you once again. 13:21:00",general,801.3590023,26-40,Swahili,KE data/185152d7-0c16-45e5-8f1e-862e5766f39a_278ff438c4cfec175028c571db4ed815_36K3TRQt.wav,"00:00:00 [Speaker 1]: Alright, so our topic for today is technology. 00:06:02 [Speaker 2]: Does it bring people together? Does it bring people closer or does it drive them? Apartheid? What's your take on that? 00:15:03 [Speaker 1]: This is a very tricky one because in my opinion, technology bring people together and it also drives them apart. But in this instance, I would say that it's bringing people together. 00:30:02 [Speaker 2]: I disagree. The majority of the technology, mostly it like drives people apart. 00:42:03 [Speaker 1]: You think so? 00:44:03 [Speaker 2]: Yes. 00:44:03 [Speaker 1]: All right, so the main reason that I'm saying that it's bringing people closer. 00:51:01 [Speaker 2]: Would be. 00:54:98 [Speaker 1]: The source of communication. Right? So we are able to communicate with our loved ones, even though they are across borders, they are in other countries, they are not close to us, but we are able to get in touch with them. And it's because of technology that is possible, you know? So why would you think that it's driving people apart? 01:27:02 [Speaker 2]: It goes both ways, actually. 01:29:02 [Speaker 1]: It does. 01:31:98 [Speaker 2]: But the majority, I would say, drives people apart because, like, there's a lot of negativity in social media. 01:39:98 [Speaker 1]: Yeah, because social media is also a part of technology. 01:46:02 [Speaker 2]: It drives people apart because, like, example, if you post something and like, people are good in your comment and violate you, say bad things about you, bully you. Cyberbullying just because. Yeah, cyberbullying. And it will get you like self esteem down. 02:04:98 [Speaker 1]: Yeah. 02:10:00 [Speaker 2]: And for people, you know, like, like personally, you would like, they would like sometimes like expose you for things that shouldn't be known. And most of the times you would like, cut those people off. That's why it's driving them apart. 02:33:03 [Speaker 1]: That's why. Yeah, you, you have a point there. You know, the other day I was actually, I saw this post on Facebook. Right? 02:43:01 [Speaker 2]: Yes. 02:43:01 [Speaker 1]: So there was this, there was a Snapchat of this lady and a guy. So they were holding hands in the mall, you know, but the caption was like, you know what? This guy is a married man, so he was actually cheating on his wife. You know, so it's actually a bad impact because, all right. It is a good thing that a woman finally knows the wife found out. 03:16:99 [Speaker 2]: And knows the truth. 03:16:99 [Speaker 1]: Yeah. What her husband was actually up to all this time. But the thing is, it's going to hurt her. She's going to hurt to. 03:26:99 [Speaker 2]: That's why I say it's driving them apart. 03:29:02 [Speaker 1]: Yes. And in a case of children, social. 03:31:100 [Speaker 2]: Media, you know, they will get bullied. 03:35:01 [Speaker 1]: You know, when once something is actually there on social media, it is there forever. Forever. If you go after 15 years and search for it still there, you're going to find it, you know? But then I heard that if you want to take something down on social media or on a website, it cost you a lot of cash. Have you heard of them? 03:55:99 [Speaker 2]: Even if you do take it down, people who know. 04:00:98 [Speaker 1]: Yeah. 04:00:98 [Speaker 2]: Will, like, bully you. They still know. That doesn't mean when it. When the video or anything, it's taken. It's taken. It's taken down on the. Yeah, social media, it's not taken down on people's, like, brains. They remember it. 04:18:98 [Speaker 1]: Google is actually spying on us. I'm telling you. I'm telling you. So I also feel sorry for the kids, you know, to. Because they're gonna get bullied at school and, yeah, it's driving them apart in some way, you know. So in a case of schools, would you say that technology has brought people together or driven them apartheid schools premises? 04:50:01 [Speaker 2]: I don't know about that, because, like, in our school, we don't use. Actually, we don't use phones. 04:55:02 [Speaker 1]: Yeah. 04:55:02 [Speaker 2]: Yeah. So, yeah, we only use books, but for other, like, schools where they use, like, technology, like laptops, it's. It's, it's. It's a good thing because, like, the books are heavy. Books are heavy. So having to carry, like, um, just laptop and it has all the textbooks you need to have is actually a good thing. It's a good thing, yeah. 05:25:98 [Speaker 1]: All right, so in the ongoing debate about the impact of technology on human relationships, the questions arises. You know, this question, this topic that we actually talking about, it arises. Lot of time, you know, I've been hearing it about. I've been hearing about it for the longest time. So I also feel that it brings us together because I can actually work from home, you know, with my laptop, not being there by the office. I can talk to my colleagues and interact with them and also with clients, you know, if I need to talk with them regarding our work and stuff. 06:16:03 [Speaker 2]: And technology is addictive, so it drives people, um, drives people away, like, they don't from themselves mental states and friends, because, like, most. Most people would rather, like, go. Go on their phone and scroll on TikTok, social media, score anything, and not go with their friends and, like, having, like, you know. 06:41:99 [Speaker 1]: Yeah. So, like, in this case, we didn't actually disagree with each other that much. We actually agree with each other because it goes both ways, you know? So I would say that it has the capacity to both bring people close together and create distance, depending on how it is utilized. 07:06:99 [Speaker 2]: Utilized. 07:06:99 [Speaker 1]: You know, by leveraging digital tools, you know, thoughtfully and managing screen time and in person interactions, you know, people can. 07:22:01 [Speaker 2]: Benefit from technology, can harness the benefits. 07:25:01 [Speaker 1]: Yeah, they can. While preserving the richness of personal connections. We actually shouldn't forget that we actually need each other more than we need technology know. But it's also, it's, it's actually always nice to go paperless. As you said, books are heavy. And, you know, what I like about computers, or rather laptops is that you can create your file, you can create your file and your documents and you can file your documents nicely in your, in your folders, in your computer, alphabetically. So whenever you need documents. Yes. It's easier, it's easier to go there. 08:14:02 [Speaker 2]: Than carrying loads of weight. 08:17:02 [Speaker 1]: Yeah. Yes. So other than that, I feel that we, and, you know, and white light. 08:25:98 [Speaker 2]: We need lightest technology. 08:28:01 [Speaker 1]: Yeah, lightest technology. 08:30:00 [Speaker 2]: Light bulbs. 08:30:00 [Speaker 1]: Yeah, yeah. To cook, we need technology. Yeah. 08:34:99 [Speaker 2]: We need stoves. You know, so it actually has a good, like, it goes both sides. 08:41:00 [Speaker 1]: Yeah. But when coming to a point of machinery innovation, I feel that most people. 08:52:01 [Speaker 2]: Loses their job because of their job, because of technology. Yeah, yeah. Though, um, technology actually that advances and they make robots so they cannot pay like, people. 09:08:03 [Speaker 1]: They cannot pay people. 09:08:03 [Speaker 2]: And, uh, the robots are actually most efficient and give out better results. 09:15:99 [Speaker 1]: But it's not, it's, yeah, not a. 09:18:98 [Speaker 2]: Good thing on, like, for the companies. A good, it's a good thing because, like, they don't get delayed because of people. Because some people can have a limit of, like, physical labor. 09:31:98 [Speaker 1]: Yeah. 09:31:98 [Speaker 2]: So, like, the world do not get, like, don't have like, day off day. 09:38:98 [Speaker 1]: I do get that it's an ongoing thing, productivity. But then when it, when it comes, yeah, when it comes to maybe do they service robots, those robots or whatever, how do they, like, do they maintain them? Maintenance, my guy. Like, I feel that they, they do need maintenance because you can't, you can't, you can't work every day without maintenance. You know, it's like a car. You need to service your car after a certain time of, period of time. Yes. You need to service it. You need to service like, everything. Even your laptop, your computer, you, laptop, you, you need to service them. Yeah. So I don't know. But then, you know what? I'll research about that if robots are actually being maintained or what. So in concluding everything, I feel that today's topic was very educative to me. Yeah, it was very educative to me because we actually don't, we actually take things, like, for granted. For granted. But I also feel that, you know, what? What do you feel about google? 10:55:98 [Speaker 2]: Google? I feel. I feel like it's a good thing. 10:58:02 [Speaker 1]: Yeah. 10:58:02 [Speaker 2]: It has this downside. Downside body. But mostly. Mostly it's a good thing because, like, you could just google something if, like, you need something, like, work related. Just go to google quick search, get what you want. 11:14:03 [Speaker 1]: Or maybe if you're busy with a. 11:15:99 [Speaker 2]: Rather than. Rather than going to a book, reading everything. Yeah. Going to libraries, you have Google fast. Yeah. 11:24:02 [Speaker 1]: Or maybe when you. Maybe when you're busy with your book and then you come across this road that you really do not understand, so you kind of. 11:32:98 [Speaker 2]: It's just quick to go to Google rather than to fetch a dictionary and go search for the word. I feel like a lot of. 11:46:98 [Speaker 1]: Yeah. Some people may not feel the same way that we do, but I feel that, you know, and there are a lot of things that, you know, we can teach our toddlers. There are a lot of videos that we get on phones, social media about, you know, learning them side words, learning them, the sounds of. Of every Alphabet and stuff, making it creative, you know? So I think that it is a. It is bringing people together because, I mean, do you watch cocomelon? Yeah. Because immediately, when your toddlers acting upon you, you immediately turn on the cocomelo on your smart tv. It's actually technology. And then he or she becomes pleasant, happy with you and stuff. So it brought you together, and they become smart. 12:52:02 [Speaker 2]: Those shows, like, give. Give out education. 12:57:03 [Speaker 1]: Yeah. But then I also heard that we should actually choose which shows should they watch. 13:02:01 [Speaker 2]: Yeah, because there are some. That's what I'm saying. There are some good things. There's some bad things. There's some, like, kid things you don't know that, like, um, has a better gender. 13:14:03 [Speaker 1]: Yeah. 13:14:03 [Speaker 2]: Like, your kids. So your kids are not gonna grow up. Like, how. They're actually gonna actually have to. 13:21:01 [Speaker 1]: Yes. 13:21:01 [Speaker 2]: But the good side is they know. They. They get to know a lot of things. They get to know how to, like, talk to people because, like, they remember. Oh, I remember this. I remember this. So, yeah, technology is a. I once saw this. 13:38:01 [Speaker 1]: This video on TikTok. This guy was actually trashing Peppa pig. Do you know Peppa pig? Yes, peppa pig. He was actually trashing it, saying that we shouldn't let kids watch Peppa Pig because she's actually rude and she's so controlling, you know? And then one time, I took time to actually watch it because my son watches it. He loves it. Yes. So I actually took time to watch it, right? So while I was busy watching it, what he said and comparing to what I see to what I saw at that moment was actually two different things. You know, I saw pepper conducting good manners for his. For her brother George, you know? 14:37:03 [Speaker 2]: Now let's wrap it up. In conclusion, technology has good and bad things, so you just gotta drive them. 14:45:99 [Speaker 1]: Apartheid.",general,886.9760091,26-40,Sesotho,ZA data/0adaefab-c0fa-4d55-9564-100d2bd5bd93_86a60667f1b75930c7844e37494b97f7_UxiL1B07.wav,"00:00:97 [Speaker 1]: Okay, today's topic is, 00:04:97 00:04:98 [Speaker 2]: Are animals conscious? 00:06:98 00:07:01 [Speaker 1]: It's a very interesting topic, you know, because I feel that animals are conscious because they have feelings. Yes. 00:19:98 00:17:97 [Speaker 2]: they are just like humans 00:18:98 00:20:97 [Speaker 1]: They have feelings, they can do whatever we do. 00:23:99 00:24:01 [Speaker 2]: They can feel pain. 00:25:02 00:25:100 [Speaker 1]: They can feel happiness, you know? 00:28:97 00:28:97 [Speaker 2]: Just like that 00:28:100 00:29:100 [Speaker 1]: Yes. Because they are breathing, you know, I feel. I fully believe that God created animals with love. 00:40:01 00:40:99 [Speaker 2]: Yeah. 00:41:00 00:41:02 [Speaker 1]: As much as he created us. 00:44:02 00:44:01 [Speaker 2]: Humans. 00:44:01 00:44:01 [Speaker 1]: Humans with love, you know? Yes. So I remember one time, because I do have a dog, you know, inside our yard. Right. We have a dog. So there was this time when this guy was actually fighting us. He was fighting us. He was full of rage. He was upset. So our dog could see that this person is actually angry at us, you know? And he was barking. He was barking, He was protecting us. And I also remember this one time incident that there was an electricity shock inside the house, and then it just went boom. Yeah, it just went boom. And then our dog came inside the. Yeah. bang the door and he was, like, barking and pulling my dress, you know, out of the fire, out of that electric shock. So you could see that he was actually protecting me. 01:56:01 01:41:02 [Speaker 2]: Came inside the house, Bang the door 01:42:99 01:56:01 [Speaker 2]: He knows what's happening, which means they are conscious. 02:01:98 [Speaker 1]: He knows what's happening. He hears everything, which means animals are actually conscious, you know. 02:06:97",general,127.5209977,26-40,Sesotho,ZA data/27f9dfd2-193a-46f1-8d2b-f87fb84b6b6a_73b4238198790a88de6a211da4b506d0_hmDkuelc.wav,"00:01:00 [Speaker 2]: You're welcome. 00:01:02 00:02:01 [Speaker 1]: On today's topic, we'll be discussing about racism. I have several questions to ask about it. Mr Liam, could you kindly tell us what is racism? 00:11:03 00:12:02 [Speaker 2]: Racism, to me, is discrimination or by an individual, community, or institution against a person or people on the basis of their membership or particular racial or ethnic group. 00:31:03 00:33:98 [Speaker 1]: And while we are still at it, have you ever personally experienced or witnessed racism? 00:39:98 00:40:03 [Speaker 2]: Yes, I have two cases where I witnessed or I was a victim of racism. Number one, I was reported by my neighbors who thought I was a thief just because of my color. 01:00:100 01:00:100 [Speaker 1]: When was and where was this? 01:02:100 01:04:01 [Speaker 2]: This happened in the United States of America. I had gone to stay with my cousin. I went there as a student. Yes. Number two, the other case happened at school where students used to bully me because of my color, because of my race. And it really was a bad incident. 01:31:01 01:31:02 [Speaker 1]: So sorry about that. And how did it make you feel? 01:36:03 01:37:100 [Speaker 2]: I felt that my self esteem had gone down. I was insecure. I was also. And I also became antisocial. I was traumatized. Yes. 01:54:03 01:55:100 [Speaker 1]: So, Mr Liam, I'm so sorry to hear about that and the experience that you went through. And do you think racism is still an issue in today's society? 02:05:00 02:06:01 [Speaker 2]: Yes, racism still is an issue in today's society because it affects so many people, and it also causes mostly self esteem and you lose, or it affects the abilities of yourself. 02:28:00 02:30:00 [Speaker 1]: And How do you think we can work towards eradicating it? 02:33:99 02:35:03 [Speaker 2]: Racism can be worked to be eradicated in several ways. You can learn to recognize and understand your own privileges. By this, you can be checking your own privileges and using your privileges to dismantle systematic racism by race. You can examine your own biases and consider where they may have originated. In that case. I mean, you ask yourself as a kid, what messages did you receive about other people who are different from you? You can also validate the experiences and feelings of people of color. By that, you can do by supporting the experiences and engaging in tough conversation about race and injustices. You can also challenge the colorblind ideology. You can also call out racist jokers or correct them and educate them. You can find out how your school or your company, which you work in, is expanded or has expanded opportunities for people of color. 04:09:01 04:10:100 [Speaker 1]: Thank you very much, Mr Washira, for your time. To make us understand more about racism. And I'm really sorry about the experience that you had in the US. And hopefully people understand more about racism and those that are in the forefront to make sure that people feel insecure the way you felt and antisocial the way you felt because of racism, they really stop about it. Thank you once again for agreeing to be on board with us. 04:46:03 04:47:02 [Speaker 2]: Thank you so much for inviting me. And thank you so much for sharing about racism. One thing I would like to tell people, people should always fight racism. It's not good and it always affects your self esteem. That is the first thing racism does. 05:08:98 05:10:04 [Speaker 1]: Thank you. 05:10:98 05:11:00 [Speaker 2]: You're welcome. 05:11:02",general,311.8109977,26-40,Swahili,KE data/ad6848ae-2614-4da8-b129-62b0d86e8926_dc46341f61d518cdd2668f6707de9db9_vlaAfCIg.wav,"00:00:00 [Speaker 2]: You are welcome. 00:01:99 [Speaker 1]: I have some very few questions regarding friendship. 00:05:99 [Speaker 2]: Yes, you can continue. 00:08:99 [Speaker 1]: And before that, I would like you to define what is friendship? [Speaker 2]: Friendship is a special and meaningful connection between two or more individuals that is based on mutual trusts, support and understanding. It is a bond that brings people together regardless of differences in background, beliefs or interests. 00:32:99 [Speaker 1]: And while we are still at it in the friendship topic, what qualities do you value most in a friend and why? But before we go to why so what qualities do you check in a friend? 00:49:03 [Speaker 2]: The qualities I check in a friend is one, loyalty. Two, honesty. Three, empathy. Four, respect. Five, if you are truthful. Six. You, good listener. Humor, patience, encouragement, positive attitude. And if you keep secrets, sincerity. Deep conversation. There are so many, many, many aspects. 01:25:98 [Speaker 1]: And I would like maybe you elaborate more on what is loyalty? What is honesty? Because I would like us to know more about this. 01:34:98 [Speaker 2]: Okay. Loyalty is about standing up for each other, being there in times of need, and never betraying trust. Yes. Number two, sincerity or honest? Let's start with honesty. Honesty is like. Let's say you've been loyal to each other without distortions. So a sincere friend doesn't sugarcoat the truth or hide behind fake compliments. You have to be transparent to build a good relationship. Empathy. We can say empathy is the ability to understand and share friends feeling. In putting yourself in shoes or I of offering support, empathetic friends make you feel or see or feel very safe to communicate. The other thing is respect. Respect is a nod to each other's opinion. It's just about being civil by showing appreciation. It's the secret uncheck in a friendship club where everyone feels valued. Yes, another aspect is. Another aspect is another. Yes. Another aspect is humor. You have a friend who is laughing and like having a personal stand up comedy on special dial. Patience. Someone. Someone who is patient. Patient is the willingness to pursue, oppose, reflect and give time to for clarity in a friendship. Patient also helps through rough patches. Just like the way you are loyal to your friend. 03:48:03 [Speaker 1]: Okay. 03:48:03 [Speaker 2]: Encouragement. A friend who likes to encourage you and to show you the positive side of life. Positive attitude. A positive attitude in a friend is like having someone who can tell you good things in future. Who can tell you the positive side of you in future according to the way he sees you. The passion you have, the things you have. Someone who can keep secret that's automatic elaborate. You can know how to hear and keep someone's secret. Yes. 04:34:01 [Speaker 1]: Okay. And when we are still at that, why would I find a friend who can keep secrets? Why would I have a friend who is sincere and have a positive attitude? Sorry, what I'm trying to say. We have discussed about the qualities that we can value most in a friend. 04:55:04 [Speaker 2]: Yes. 04:55:04 [Speaker 1]: And why would I value a friend who can keep secrets? Why would I value a friend who is sincere? Why would I value a friend who has a positive attitude towards me and a friend who can also encourage me? 05:13:02 [Speaker 2]: On why I need a friend who keeps secret is because if you have a friend, you need to share something which you are supposed to keep it as a secret or you are supposed to guard. It's good having a person who guards your private conversation like treasure and you cannot open up on that. On sincerity. You need someone who is honest, who is real, and a genuine person who you can count on. Positive attitude. You need someone who can tell you, who can show you the positive side of your attitude and can be able to guide you accordingly. 06:04:02 [Speaker 1]: Wow. 06:04:02 [Speaker 2]: Yes. 06:06:98 [Speaker 1]: And while we are still at it, as we wind up, can you share a funny or heartwarming memory with a close friend? Mister Liam? 06:14:02 [Speaker 2]: Yes, I can share a funny or heartwarming memory I've ever encountered. I was in a boys boarding school in class eight my final year. In my primary school here in Kenya, we had a parent's day and the same was announced and parents knew about it. So I was expecting my family to come on that event. And, you know, in Kenya, it's a culture when you have a. You have a parent's day, they come to school and they come carrying food. So on such days, the school does not provide food. They only cook normal food, but in small portion. So my parents never showed up. I even tried calling them, but my mom was not picking her phone, so the only number I had often was my mom's number. So I kept calling. The phone was not answered. So my friend came through by the name job. He was very, very, uh, patient with me. He tried to support him. Yeah, he was so supportive. He tried to ask me what was going on. I tried to explain to him that no one was coming. And, uh, I. I was really worried. He showed, uh, he was so, uh, he was so. He was so eager to listen to me and he showed me it was not an issue and we could share the things his parents had brought to him. Yes. 08:12:99 [Speaker 1]: So you ended up sharing. 08:14:02 [Speaker 2]: Yes. 08:14:02 [Speaker 1]: Family. 08:16:02 [Speaker 2]: Yes. I ended up sharing what they had carried. I ate all. The day was finally over. No one showed from my side. 08:25:99 [Speaker 1]: That would be very sad. But on the other side, a friend showed up. 08:30:98 [Speaker 2]: Yes. 08:30:98 [Speaker 1]: Wow. Thank you very much, Mr. Liam. Mr. Liam. That was so encouraging. That was so educative, and we are so grateful that we had you on board. 08:40:99 [Speaker 2]: Thank you so much for having me.",general,522.2880045,26-40,Swahili,KE data/f533e2de-bac6-4866-8803-b33407813e92_c5dc37b2c0a006e90bcfbc99c7bb5393_QG8tr0md.wav,"00:00:100 [Speaker 1]: All right, so our topic for today is, can celebrities make good politicians? 00:12:98 00:13:96 [Speaker 2]: No, they cannot. 00:14:100 00:15:96 [Speaker 1]: So you believe that they cannot? 00:16:99 00:17:95 [Speaker 2]: Yes, they cannot, because they don't have the experience that the politicians have. And they don't have, like, genuine interest in politics and are often against it and cannot make better decisions than the current ones. 00:18:00 [Speaker 1]: Okay 00:18:98 00:40:95 [Speaker 1]: than the current politicians. All right, so I do get your point, but I also believe that they can, you know, they can be politicians, because I believe that everybody should be given a chance. You know, when you're given a chance, that's why you will flourish in what you were given a chance to. You know, because they were also giving the, the musicians, they were given a chance to make music. So that's when they, they knew how to make music. They knew how to entertain people. That's when they had the influence on people. 01:24:100 01:24:97 [Speaker 2]: They entertain people, not set the rules. 01:29:00 01:29:95 [Speaker 1]: Yeah, I do. 01:30:95 01:30:97 [Speaker 2]: They are used to making the, the entertainment, not the rules. Like, then they cannot. Like, they don't have any experience. And it's hard for them. Like, because now they're older and. 01:43:98 01:44:99 [Speaker 1]: No, but I do believe that if they are given a chance, they can be politicians, you know, because what I know for a fact is that our, I won't say the names, but our previous presidents, some of them, I know two of them actually, that did not go to high school. They do not have high school until now. They don't have high school education. 02:15:00 02:16:00 [Speaker 2]: That's the thing. They don't have high school education. But that time when they didn't go to high school, what did they do? Go study law? Go study politics? 02:28:95 02:29:96 [Speaker 1]: Who, the politicians? 02:30:97 02:30:97 [Speaker 2]: Yeah. 02:31:96 02:33:96 [Speaker 1]: You know, what, to prepare. 02:36:96 02:33:97 [Speaker 2]: They had enough time to prepare, yes. 02:37:96 02:38:98 [Speaker 1]: But I also believe that celebrities can also have time to prepare to become politicians. You know, because I believe that they are also entertainers, because they have ability to rule people into whatever that they are doing. So I believe that they do have a chance to become a good politicians. You know, they have the influence. 03:03:100 03:04:100 [Speaker 2]: Yes, they do. They have the influence, but the different type of influence. Like, for instance, musicians. Some of them are, like, beefing and stuff like that. So, like, obviously people are gonna be, like, scared and, you know 03:21:00 03:21:96 [Speaker 1]: But I also feel that if that's directed into the right direction, that beefing, it can actually do good for them as politicians, you know, because for you as well, I believe that if you're given a chance in something, you will be able to do it. Don't you think so? 03:42:97 03:42:97 [Speaker 2]: Yes, you can. But we have more experienced people to do politics. The celebrities don't, do not have the experience, and most of them are greedy, So. 03:59:95 04:00:99 [Speaker 1]: Politicians are greedy? 04:02:97 04:02:97 [Speaker 2]: Yes. 04:03:95 04:06:95 [Speaker 1]: Politicians are also greedy, man, you know? Yeah. So I believe that anyone can be whatever they want to be if they are presented with an opportunity, if the opportunity comes their way, you know, I can also become a politician if I want to. It is possible, you know? It is, with the experience that they have and with the experience that they can be given too. Because in order for you to have experience in something, you need to practice that. 04:56:96 04:56:96 [Speaker 2]: Yeah. 04:57:95 04:57:95 [Speaker 1]: You know? 04:57:98 04:57:98 [Speaker 2]: Yeah. 04:57:100 04:59:00 [Speaker 1]: Yeah. So they can really, imagine. I don't want to say their names, but. But, okay, imagine this rapper. He has so, so many followers, you know? Imagine him being a politician. 05:23:95 05:24:00 [Speaker 2]: Oh, and then, yeah, they have, like, most of them have, like, cult fans. Like, cult, like fans. So, like, they could lead the country to the wrong direction because they have all the influence, so they can do whatever they want, not with the influence they have. They can do, like, wrong things and do disruption and all those type of things. And I feel like they have, if they do make wrong decisions, their fans, their followers will follow them, which means, it won't be a good 06:05:95 06:07:95 [Speaker 1]: It won't be a good party. 06:08:97 06:08:97 [Speaker 2]: Yeah. 06:08:99 06:10:98 [Speaker 1]: You know what? I feel that it has two sides. 06:13:98 06:14:98 [Speaker 2]: Yeah, it does. because like, yeah it does 06:16:97 06:18:95 [Speaker 1]: Yeah, it has two sides. So, yeah. 06:22:97",general,383.3890023,26-40,Sesotho,ZA data/ca43d51b-8431-443a-bcd7-2742819032c8_237d850e20dd0a294b491c583d3d1f05_MMnD234W.wav,"00:00:100 [Speaker 2]: I'm very humbled to be with you today. 00:03:96 00:04:99 [Speaker 1]: Welcome and to our first question, or we are discussing about rising fuel prices. Kindly let us know an overview of what is rising fuel prices. 00:21:96 00:22:95 [Speaker 2]: Once again, thank you, Mister Francis, for having me. Well, rising fuel prices refers to the increase in cost of gasoline, diesel and other fossil fuels used as source of energy. This phenomenon can occur due to a variety of factors such as global supply and demand, political instability, natural disasters, and fluctuations in currency exchange rates. As fuel prices continue to rise, it can have a significant impact on the economy, transportation, and the cost of living for individuals and businesses. Measures such as conservation efforts and exploring alternative energy sources are often implemented to address the effects of rising fuel prices. And that I believe we have understood each other up to that point. 01:22:96 01:23:99 [Speaker 1]: Now, have you noticed how the fuel prices have been rising lately? 01:29:00 01:30:96 [Speaker 2]: Yes, actually I've noticed that. And it's crazy how much it costs to fill up a tank these days. 01:37:100 01:39:95 [Speaker 1]: Okay, I heard that fuel prices are expected to go even higher. How do you think this will affect people's daily routines and expenses? 01:55:01 01:54:99 [Speaker 2]: First of all, the price of crude oil will go up and we know that this is the largest single component in the price of diesel fuel. Crude oil prices are. Crude oil prices are volatile and they can fluctuate significantly any time. Now, we have taxes. Taxes are another crucial factor in determining fuel prices. Many countries impose taxes such as excise taxes and value added taxes on fuel prices. Another one we have distribution, distribution and marketing cost. Once the fuel has been refined, it needs to reach the end consumer. The cost associated with the distribution becomes very high. We have the other one. We have a refining cost. Oil needs to be refined into gasoline before it can be used by consumers, which is why refining costs are factored into the price of gas. We have exchange rates, Mister Francis. On this one, oil is often traded in United States dollars. Therefore, currency exchange rates can affect fuel prices. A depreciation of a country's local currency can make the imported ones go very high. We have geopolitics. This can be due to a variety of reasons, such as geopolitical tensions or natural disasters. When the price of crude oil increases, it becomes more expensive. We have fuel. Natural gas prices are affected by market supply and demand. US natural gas production increased in recent years. Economic growth can affect natural gas in a very big way. We have energy policy. In this one, fuel prices influence energy policy decisions as governments may implement measures to encourage energy conservation and reduce dependence. And we also have disasters when it comes to disasters, natural disasters can cause crude oil to. to fluctuate by affecting the oil supply. Now we have market speculation. Speculative trading in the commodities market can lead to price volatility in the oil markets. Australia's respond to perceived supply and demand. We have supply, Mister Francis, supply has an effect on price. Supply is usually kept slightly below demand by about 1 million barrels per day. Now, we have demand rather transport. Mister Francis. On this one, transportation costs affect prices and generally increase based on the distance between the retail location and the sources of supply. We have demand. When demand for diesel is high, prices tend to increase. This is because there is more competition for the limited supply of diesel in the demands and we have weather. Natural disasters like hurricanes can disrupt refining operations leading to shortages which drive up gas prices. We have demand for oil. Supply and demand for crude oil refinery production and capacity. The pound to dollar exchange rate as refined fuel is sold in the US dollars. And we have factors that affect gas prices. Gasoline prices are one of the most recognizable prices points in the American commerce. Nearly 40 million Americans fill up the gases. We have seasonal demand. On this one, seasonal changes greatly influence crude oil prices. For example, prices tend to rise in August when people travel and demand gasoline more. We have economic growth. During periods of economic growth increased, rather increased demand for goods and services from the commercial and industrial sectors may increase natural gas consumption. That's all for today Mister Francis. 06:20:100 06:21:96 [Speaker 1]: Do you think you have any other factor or you have exhausted or? 06:25:00 06:25:98 [Speaker 2]: Oh nice. We also have OPEC. The difference between oil market demand and supply from non OPEC sources is often referred to as the call on OPEC because OPEC members maintain the world's oil prices. We have taxes. On this, the federal, state, county and the local government. The relative share of these components in the retail price of a gallon of diesel fuel varies over time. That's all, Mr. Francis, 06:56:96 06:56:98 [Speaker 1]: Thank you so much Joy for coming today and that was wonderful from you. Thank you so much for participating. 07:05:01 07:05:99 [Speaker 2]: I'm much humbled. 07:06:98",general,428.9179819,26-40,Swahili,KE data/f1345c7a-87ca-4c7c-a22f-04dd30bdea30_0a02dbe92f1c3195ecd965235c6db967_jqgfuxTi.wav,"00:00:00 [Speaker 2]: I am so humbled to join you today. 00:02:99 [Speaker 1]: Thank you, Marcy. Today we are starting with some several questions that I have concerning pandemics. The question I will be asking is, what is a pandemic? 00:16:96 [Speaker 2]: Thank you once again. Pandemic or pandemics, refer to global or widespread outbreaks of infectious diseases that spread across multiple countries or continents, affecting a large number of people. These diseases can spread quickly and commonly have a high mortality rate. History has shown that pandemics can have devastating effects on human populations, causing millions of deaths and disrupting societies and economies. Previous pandemics include the Black Death, Spanish flu, and HIV and AIDS. The current Covid-19 pandemic caused by the novel coronavirus, has impacted the world in unprecedented ways and serves as a reminder of the ongoing threat of widespread diseases. Governments, organizations, and individuals must work together to prevent and mitigate the effects of pandemics through measures such as vaccinations, public health interventions, and international cooperations. 01:29:95 [Speaker 1]: Thank you so much, Masi, for the good introduction. The second question goes now, have you been following the news on the latest pandemic outbreak? 01:41:00 [Speaker 2]: Yes, I've been following up, and it's very saddening. 01:45:01 [Speaker 1]: Well, what do you think about the measures being taken to contain it? 01:51:99 [Speaker 2]: Well, keep yourself and others safe at all times. Protect yourself and those around you. Get vaccinated as soon as it's your turn, and follow local guidance and vaccination. Keep physical distance of at least 1 meter from others, even if they don't appear to be sick. Avoid crowds and close contact. Wear a properly fitted mask when physical distancing is not possible and in poorly ventilated settings. Clean your hands frequently with alcohol based hand rub or soap and water. Cover your mouth and nose with a bent elbow or tissue when you cough or sneeze. Dispose of used tissue immediately and clean hands regularly if you develop symptoms or test positive for Covid-19 self isolate until you recover, I think it's better I explain further about the guidelines, and as I had stated earlier, I will have to explain further so that we keep ourselves and the ones we love safe. So when it comes to wearing your mask, here are my thoughts about it. Make sure that your mask covers your nose, mouth, and chinook. Clear your hands or rather, clean your hands before you put your mask on, and after you take it off and after you touch it at any time. Make your environment safer. That is our next point. The risk of getting Covid-19 are higher in crowded and inadequately ventilated spaces. Infected people spend long periods of time together in close proximity. Outbreaks have been reported in places where people have gathered, often in crowded indoor settings and where they talk loudly, shout, breathe heavily or sing, such as restaurants, choir practices, fitness classes, nightclubs, offices and places of worship. Also keep good hygiene. By following good respiratory hygiene, you protect the people around you, also the people you love, from viruses that cause colds, flu and Covid-19. And to ensure good hygiene, you should always regularly and thoroughly clean your hands with either an alcohol based hand wrap or soap in water. This eliminates germs that may be on your hands, including viruses. Cover your mouth and nose with your bent elbow or a tissue when you cough or sneeze. Clean and disinfect surfaces frequently, especially those which are regularly touched, such as door handles, faucets and phone screens. To do when you don't feel well. If you have a fever, cough and difficulty breathing, seek medical attention immediately. Call by telephone first and follow the directions of your local health authority. Also know the full range of symptoms of Covid-19 the most common symptoms of Covid-19 are fever, dry cough, tiredness and loss of taste or smell. Less common symptoms include aches and pains, headache, sore throat, red or irritated eyes, diarrhea, a skin rash or discoloration of fingers or toes. Stay home and self isolate for ten days from symptoms onset plus three days after symptoms cease. Keep up to date on the latest information from the trusted sources such as World Health Organizations or your local and national health authorities. Local and national authorities and public health units are the best placed to advise, or rather the best places to advise on what people in your area should be doing to protect themselves. 06:04:98 [Speaker 1]: That's so educative. And to the next question. Do you remember the last pandemic that happened? How did it impact your daily life. 06:18:100 [Speaker 2]: And routine and the recent pandemic? And that is, Covid-19 is the one that I'll be addressing because it's the one that affected me the most. And I will have to categorize the affected areas into various categories we have on the healthcare sector, on the healthcare center. As I stated, these are the challenges that we really encountered. Challenges in the diagnosis, quarantine and treatment of suspected or confirmed cases. High burden of the functioning of the existing medical system. Patients with other disease and health problems are getting neglected overload on doctors and other healthcare professionals who are at a very high risk. Overloading of medical shops, requirement for high protection, disruption of medical supply chain and when it came to economic there is the slowing of the manufacturing of essential goods, disrupt of the supply chain of products, losses in national and international businesses, poor cash flow in the market significant slowing down in the revenue growth when it came to social service sector is not being able to provide their proper service. Cancellation of postponed or postponement of large scale sports and tournaments avoiding the national and international traveling and cancellation of services disruption of celebration of cultural, religious and festive events undue stress among the population, social distancing with our peers and family members closure of the hotels, restaurants and religious places. Now Covid-19 has affected the sources of supply and effects rather affects the global economy. There are restrictions of traveling from one country to another during traveling. Number of cases are identified positive when tested. Now let me remind all of you, make sure you protect yourself and protect those who love you. 08:32:97 [Speaker 1]: Thank you so much. That was so informative and thank you for coming through. Mercy. That was very, very excellent. 08:41:96 [Speaker 2]: I'm so humbled to having me on this platform to make people aware of Covid-19 thank you so much.",general,528.4129932,26-40,Swahili,KE data/98cc8263-54e8-4101-8942-7ae18f1e082b_7fb3ed3c8a1328bd2d7ea25dbc5a9fdd_j7rw2vU3.wav,"00:00:99 [Speaker 2]: Thank you for having me. 00:02:00 00:04:02 [Speaker 1]: Welcome. So on to our first question. And before I proceed to the first question, the topic of the day today is day school versus boarding school. Can you kindly let me know the difference between a day school and a boarding school? 00:20:01 00:21:03 [Speaker 2]: Once again, thank you very much for having me. I will proceed by explaining what the two of them means. Day school and boarding school are two different educational systems that cater to students at different stages of their academic journey. Day school, also known as traditional schooling, involves students attending classes during the day and returning home in the evening. On the other hand, boarding schools provide students with a residential option where they stay on campus and receive both academic and extracurricular instructions. While day school offers students the comfort of living at home, boarding school provides a more immersive learning experience with 24/7 access to the facilities and resources. Both school options have their advantages and disadvantages. 01:16:99 01:18:01 [Speaker 1]: Thank you so much, Ruth, for that explanation and I'm very satisfied. Now let's go to the first question of the day. So have you ever attended a boarding school before? I'm curious how it compares to traditional day schools. 01:37:99 01:39:00 [Speaker 2]: Yes, actually I've been to boarding schools all my primary level, high school level and my campus level. And your question was how do the both of them compare? First of all, we have independence. Life has many highs and lows. The best way to learn how to cope and thrive in whatever the circumstance lies in making decisions for yourself and becoming self reliant. It can be a tough experience at first, but with time this independence will make you more confident and mature. A boarding school environment gives greater room for students to develop independent skills in a supportive environment. It also enables you to learn how to live more comfortable with people of different backgrounds, an ability that will be useful when students become adults and have to live, study and work on their own. Now on to the second one. We have responsibility. Without parents constantly monitoring students, they also learn how to take personal responsibility for themselves. From managing money to keeping their dorm space tidy. They encounter many situations where they have to think of actions and consequences. This again helps them to become more mature and able to succeed in future. Now, when they have no supervision at all, they can be able to do all that without anyone following them. Learning to take responsibility for themselves will mold them into well rounded individuals better able to succeed in life. The third one we have life and soft skills. When we think of school, lots of the classroom books and labs come to mind. Boarding school, however, provide a more holistic education beyond books. Since students get to spend entire days at a stretch with classmates in and out of the classroom, they often build stronger ties and social networks, not forgetting friendship among themselves. Another comparison is that there is individual attention. Boarding schools tend to have much smaller classrooms. This means teachers can pay greater attention to the needs and performance of individual students, helping them to discover their strengths and weaknesses. This greater individual attention ensures shortcomings are identified and addressed early so that students perform better academically and have a better chance of gaining admission to the universities of their choice. This deeper interaction between the teachers and the students ensure better mentorship and stronger communication whereby students learn to become more at ease speaking up in the classroom and engaging in discussion. This mostly happened to me. I was really in a position to ask questions because there was a time I was not in that position, but due to the interaction with the teachers and the students, I gained even more courage to ask questions during lesson time where I never understood properly. Another comparison is networking. Having to live, study and play together. It encourages deeper bonds between students. The friendships they make will often be lasting and carry and or rather can carry on to the time they enter university and later build their careers. Many boarding schools host a multicultural student body that give opportunities to explore cultural differences and learn how to appreciate diversity. Many boarding schools are highly selective of the students they admit they choose that they demonstrate strong potential and ambition to make achievements. Another one we have the academic rigor. Boarding schools make for a more intense academic life. There is greater investment in the required support systems including highly qualified teachers, well equipped laboratories, well stocked libraries, media centers and other technologies. Teachers design lessons and apply teaching modalities that make for more challenging learning that boost critical thinking and problem solving. Another one we have learning focus. Intellectual stimulation is quite high in boarding school environment. There is better recognition and nurturing of academic prowess causing students to be highly motivated. This stimulation comes from both teachers and fellow students who create an atmosphere both in and out of the classroom where there is an emphasis on academic achievement and we have co curricular activities. Most boarding schools have also heavily invested in their arts programs and sporting facilities. Students with an interest or talent in co curricular activities will certainly find a niche they can explore and be trained in. Sports team will often compete with other schools providing opportunities to bring recognition to the school and their personal achievement on the field. This success can also help to enhance their applications to universities and where they have excels provide a chance to secure scholarships. We have convenience. Boarding schools means no morning or after school commute for parents and students, there is more time that can be devoted to studying and co curricular activities in a safe and controlled environment. For parents that often have to travel, it is a comfort to know that their child is well catered to in a learning environment tailored to help them succeed in their ambitions. Last but not least, we have meaningful reunion. Absence makes the heart grow fonder in clearly proven where it comes to boarding schools. The joy that students and their families feel at being reunited over holiday periods is very strong. Actually, plans are more often made to make these reunions more meaningful by organizing trips and other activities where there's more interaction and much fun to be had. This can serve to strengthen family bonds in spite of the separation. 08:36:00 08:37:01 [Speaker 1]: Wow. The second question is I've been considering sending my child to a boarding school, but I'm not sure if it's the right choice. Have you ever had any experiences with it? 08:51:98 08:52:100 Speaker 2: With the experience that I gained, actually, sending your child to a boarding school is something that you cannot regret as a parent. First of all, cost of education. Almost all parents are aware that boarding schools are more expensive than day schools, but few are aware of the reasons why. Because in a day school, students attend class only during designated times. They go to class, finish up and then head home. But boarding schools students, with the exception of their breaks, they spend their whole time on campus and in this place. Rather in this place, the cost difference exists owing to the supply of services such as lodging, meals, health security measures, school stationery and so on. Another thing to consider is self sufficiency and self assurance. Children who study in boarding school atmosphere complete all of their responsibilities. They learn to provide for themselves since they must complete their tasks without the assistance of others. They address their everyday difficulties and attend their requirements such as purchasing essential items when they run out of them or ensuring that their school uniforms are cleaned and pressed. As a result, they grow more self sufficient, disciplined and autonomous. Also constant guidance. Only some youngsters have the same gripping ability. While some kids pick up on topics quickly, others require more time to comprehend. Teachers at a day school are only accessible for limited time and pupils may not have enough opportunity to put their concerns since teachers are only available for a limited time, which make you, which helps you even to consider more taking your child to a boarding school. We have physical fitness. By stressing the component of physical fitness both day school and boarding school include athletics as part of their curriculum. However, many boarding institutions have the extra benefit of putting a focus on physical health. Students spend more time playing games which lead to improved physical condition. This keeps them healthy both physically and emotionally. Additionally, involvement in school sports programs benefit kids chances of getting into college, expanding their range of employment options, and generally improving the quality of life. We have development on all levels. Academic success used to be the main goal, with sports and extracurricular activities being overlooked, but with increased competition, children are expected to excel in various fields of study, expression, athletics, theatre, singing, dancing and so on. Day schools include extracurricular activities, but pupils are unable to take advantage of them owing to a lack of time. However, boarding school students are free to spend their time participating in a variety of extracurricular activities throughout the day. This provides kids with a better platform to discover themselves and their abilities. We have safety, care and monitoring. One of the primary worries of the of parents is their child's safety. Both day school and boarding schools stress student safety, but boarding schools goes above and beyond since they are solely responsible for the children. Most boarding schools adopt safety and monitoring procedures that make use of modern technology to accomplish this. We also have, and sorry we have compared to typical schools, these employ a greater number of security professionals. And my final words are this. With so many benefits and chances available, boarding schools turn out to be the best decision for both parents and children, which is why many parents prefer them over day schools. 13:07:02 13:08:02 [Speaker 1]: That was so excellent from you, Ruth. Thank you for coming and thank you for participating in this program. 13:16:02 13:15:98 [Speaker 2]: I'm so grateful for having me and thank you so much for your time also. 13:19:01 13:20:00 [Speaker 1]: You are welcome. 13:20:98",general,801.3280045,26-40,Swahili,KE