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Fewer Hearing Mostly Bad" Economic News Mix of good and bad news

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Public perceptions of the tone of economic news have become much less negative over the past month. In fact, the percentage saying they are hearing mostly bad news about the economy has dropped to its lowest point since the question was first asked in December 2008. Currently, 24% say they are hearing mostly bad news, down 15 points from 39% in early December. The proportion saying they are hearing a mix of good and bad news has jumped from 55% last month to 68% in the new survey. However, as has been the case for the past two years, very few say they are hearing mostly good economic news; just 7% say this, which is little changed from 4% in December.

https://www.pewresearch.org/politics/2011/01/12/economic-news-seen-as-less-negative/

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U.S. Politics & Policy

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Fewer Hearing Mostly Bad" Economic News | 80 | Mix of good and bad news | 68 | 68 | 65 | 65 | Mostly bad news | 19 | 31 | 30 | 29 | 27 | 24 | Mostly good news | Dec | 2009 May | Oct | Jan | Jun Jul | Jan | 2008 | 2009 | 2009 | 2010 | 2010 | 2011 | PEW RESEARCH CENTER Jan 6-9, 2011,

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Most talk about election with like-minded voters % of voters who have recently hada conversation. about the election with someone who supports

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About three-quarters of Trump supporters (76%) say they have recently had a conversation about the election with a fellow Trump supporter, while only about half as many (37%) have discussed the election with someone who favors Clinton. Clinton supporters are similarly one-sided in their political discussions: 72% say recent conversations about the election have been with other Clinton supporters, while just 40% say they have been with Trump backers.

https://www.pewresearch.org/politics/2016/08/03/few-clinton-or-trump-supporters-have-close-friends-in-the-other-camp/

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U.S. Politics & Policy

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Most talk about election | with like-minded voters | % of voters who have recently hada | conversation. about the election with | someone who supports | Trump Clinton | Total | 55 | 54 | Trump suppo rters | 76 | Clinton suppo rters 40 | 72 | Notes: Based on all registered voters. | Source Survey conducted June 7-July5, | 2016. | PEW RESEARCH CENTER

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Hispanics are likely to cite family-related life priorities as textremely important' % who say that is extremely important

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The life goals of Latinos overlap with some of these ingredients of the American dream. The two goals rated most highly by Latinos were being a good parent (51%) and having the resources to provide for their family (49%). Owning a home – often seen as a key part of the American dream – was cited by 33% of Hispanics as an extremely important life goal for them. Other top goals for Hispanics included having a successful marriage (30%) and being successful in a high-paying career or profession (22%).

https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2018/09/11/latinos-are-more-likely-to-believe-in-the-american-dream-but-most-say-it-is-hard-to-achieve/

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Social & Demographic Trends

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Hispanics are likely to cite family-related life priorities | as textremely important' | % who say that | is extremely important | Being a good parent | 51 | Having the resources for to provide family | 49 | for your family | 33 | Owning your own home | Having successful marriage | 30 | Being successful in a high-paying | 22 | career or profession | 13 | Living a very religious life | Note: "Very important, Somewhat important, "Not important, "Don't know" and | "Refused" response categories not shown | Source: National response Survey categories of Latinos, conducted Aug 23-Sept 21, 2016 | PEW RESEARCH CENTER

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People sharing had different feelings companies on sharing personal info feelings with companies % of adults who answered questions this way In the course of ma king decisions about what king personal information to share with various companies at many point in the last month have you fellt Many of the following things

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Many Americans struggle to understand the nature and scope of data collected about them. When it comes to their own role in managing their personal information, most adults are not sure what information is being collected or how it is being used. While half of those surveyed said they felt confident they understood how their information would be used, 47% said they were not, and many of these people felt confused, discouraged or impatient when trying to make decisions about sharing their personal information with companies.

https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2016/09/21/the-state-of-privacy-in-america/

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U.S. Politics & Policy

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People sharing had different feelings companies on | sharing personal info feelings with companies | % of adults who answered questions this way | In the course of ma king | decisions about what king personal | information to share with | various companies at many point | in the last month have you fellt | Many of the following things | YES | NO | Impatient because you | wanted to learn more | 29% | 68% | but needed to make a | decision fright away | Discouraged with the | amount of effort needed | 61 | 35 | to understand what would | be done with your data | Confused by provided the | 59 | 38 | information provided in a | privacy policy | Confident that you | 50 | 47 | understood what would | be done with your data | Source: Survey conducted Jan 27-Feb 16, 2015. | PEW RESEARCH CENTER

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Asia Sees Most Progress Personal progress: Rating of current situation relative to five years ago Middle East 30%

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Many people in emerging and developing nations believe they have made progress in recent years. Asian publics in particular say they are now better off when asked to rate their lives today and their lives five years ago. At least half in Bangladesh, China, Vietnam, Thailand, Malaysia and India express this sentiment. Many publics in Africa and Latin America also think they have made progress over the past five years, though considerable percentages rate their current situation as worse. Brazilians, in particular, think life is better today. Ghanaians, on the other hand, are the most likely across all 33 emerging and developing countries to say they are worse off. Eastern Europe and the Middle East see less progress and more lost ground. Nearly half in Ukraine say their life is worse today than it was five years ago. At least four-in-ten in Egypt, Tunisia and the Palestinian territories say the same.

https://www.pewresearch.org/global/2014/10/30/people-in-emerging-markets-catch-up-to-advanced-economies-in-life-satisfaction/

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Global Attributes & Trends

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Asia Sees Most Progress | Personal progress: Rating of current situation relative | to five years ago | Middle Mad e East progress | Stayed the same Lost ground | Middle East | Turkey | 48% | 21% | 30% | Palest ter. | 43 15 | 41 | Jo rdan | 35 | 29 | 37 | Egypt | 32 | 22 | 46 | Tunisia | 32 | 42 | 26 | Asia | Banglad lesh | 70 10 | 20 | China | 66 11 | 22 | 26 | Vietnam | 59 | 15 | 15 | 28 | Tha ala and | 56 | 29 | Malaysia | 52 | 19 | 19 | 50 | 31 | India | 27 | Indonesia | 31 | 41 | 28 | Philip pines | 41 | 31 | Pakistan | 30 | 26 | 40 | Latin America | Brazil | 60 | 19 | 22 | Peru | 52 | 19 | 27 | 18 | 29 | 51 52 | Nica ragua | 25 | Colombia | 23 | Chile | 43 | 36 | 21 | 28 | Mexico | 43 | 29 | 41 | 23 27 | 34 | El Sa Ivador | 31 | Arge nnina | 40 | Venezuela | 39 | 35 | 26 | Africa | Kenya | 53 | 9 | 36 | Tanzania | 51 | 25 | 23 | 36 32 | Nigeria | 51 | 16 | 14 | Uga nna | 49 | South Africa | 16 | 34 | 45 | Senegal | 40 | 23 | 37 | Gha na | 13 | 58 | Eastern Europe | Russia | 46 | 31 | 22 | Poland | 31 33 | 33 | Ukra line | 23 | 25 | 49 | Note: Difference between trating [for life fiveyearsago (Q3a) and | rating for life today (Q2). Q3a trating notasked fiveyearsago in advanced economies. | Source Spring 2014 Globa Attitudes survey. PERSONAL | PROGRESS. | PEW RESEARCH CENTER

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What Influences National

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Why then are Democrats and Republicans now reacting so differently? The answer may well lie, at least in substantial part, in the growing gap between the personal financial and labor market experiences of average – and even somewhat above average – wage earners compared with those of people in the uppermost tiers of the job market. And personal experience matters. While regression analysis of survey data shows that partisanship is an important factor, self-perceived financial status remains at least as powerful a factor as determining how one views the national economy (more powerful if actual income is also taken into account).

https://www.pewresearch.org/2006/03/28/pinched-pocketbooks/

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Economy & Work

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What Influences National | Economic Evaluations | Personal financial | evaluation | Party aftiliation | Household income | Based on multiple regression analy sis

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But fover a longer time frame, housing remains the stronger asset Percentage change in each index since January 2000 20-city composite

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As the accompanying charts show, since the formal end of the recession, the stock market (as measured by the benchmark Standard & Poor’s 500 index) has recovered much more strongly than housing. As of Tuesday’s market close, the S&P 500 was up more than 74% (excluding dividends) since the beginning of 2009; although home values, as measured by the S&P/Case-Shiller index, were up 9.3% between February 2012 and February 2013 (the most recent data available), the index stands almost exactly where it did four years ago. (See this post for more discussion of the Case-Shiller index and how it’s calculated.) Go back further — say, to the beginning of 2000 — and a different picture emerges. Stocks at the time were riding the crest of the dot-com wave, but when that wave crashed stock prices fell sharply and took years to recover. Housing, though, barely paused in its long upward march, peaking in 2006-07 (depending on the individual market) before plunging. Still, the Case-Shiller index stood 46.6% higher in February than it did in January 2000, while the S&P 500 was up just 4% over that same period (though subsequent gains to date have pushed the overall increase to 11.2%).

https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2013/05/08/should-you-invest-in-stocks-or-housing-for-the-long-term-it-depends/

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Economy & Work

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But fover a longer time frame, housing remains the stronger asset | Percentage change in each index since January 2000 | 100% | Case Shiller | 20-city composite | 80 | 60 | +46 .6% | 40 | START OF GREAT | START OF DOT COM | RECESSION | FEBRUARY 2013 | RECESSION | 20 | +4. 0% | S&P 500* | 20 | 440 | 60 | 2000 2001 2002 | 2003 | 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 | 2012 | Source: Pew Research ana lysis 20ccity of Standard & Poor's 500 stock index (as of the first trading day of each month) and | Standard & Poor's Case Shiller 20ccity composite housing index | PEW RESEARCH CENTER

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Recent Two-Term Presidents, Before & After Their Second Midterm Elections %job approval Clinton

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The midterm elections that handed losses to many Democrats across the country haven’t resulted in much change for President Obama’s approval rating – it has barely moved in over a year and remains at 43%. While Obama’s recent job approval isn’t high by historical standards, his second-term numbers overall have been more stable than those of his predecessors. Although many factors contribute to a president’s approval in the public’s eye, it often declines after an election when a president’s party loses.

https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2014/11/13/obama-job-rating-flat-after-midterm-losses-unlike-bush-ike-truman/

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U.S. Politics & Policy

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Recent Two-Term Presidents, Before & | After Their Second Midterm Elections | %job approval | 65 | Clinton | 63 | Reagan | 43 Obama | 43 | 37 | G.W. Bush | 32 | 1 month before | Election Day | 1 month after | Survey conducted Nov. 6-9, 2014. Reagan trend from Gallup. | PEW RESEARCH CENTER

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Opinion on Controlling Gun Ownership vs. Protecting Gun Rights: 1993-2014 % saying itismore important to. Control gun ownership

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Last month, the Pew Research Center released a survey showing that a question about gun policy we have been asking since 1993 had passed a key milestone: For the first time in more than two decades, a higher percentage (52%) said it was more important to protect the right of Americans to own guns than to control gun ownership (46%). Here’s the full wording of the question: “What do you think is more important – to protect the right of Americans to own guns or to control gun ownership?” This question presents respondents with simple, stark alternatives: When the issue of guns is raised, do you find yourself more on the side of protecting gun rights or controlling gun ownership? There is no indication that people have any difficulty answering this question or are ambivalent about the topic. In fact, when asked a follow-up about the strength of their opinion, 81% of those who said it is more important to control gun ownership felt strongly about that position; 91% of those who said it is more important to protect gun rights felt strongly.

https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2015/01/09/a-public-opinion-trend-that-matters-priorities-for-gun-policy/

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U.S. Politics & Policy

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Opinion on Controlling Gun Ownership | vs. Protecting Gun Rights: 1993-2014 | % saying itismore important to. | Control gun ownership | 51 52 | 46 | 29 | Protect the rightof | Americans to own guns | 02 | 05 | 08 | 93 | 96 | 99 | 11 | 14 | Source: Pew Research Center Dec 3-7, 2014 | PEW RESEARCH CENTER

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First Lady Remains Popular % who say their view is... Barack Obama

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Overall, nearly half of Americans (48%) have a favorable view of Barack Obama, while about as many (49%) say their opinion of the president is unfavorable. The first lady’s public image is more positive: 61% have a favorable opinion of Michelle Obama, while just 31% say their opinion is unfavorable.

https://www.pewresearch.org/politics/2014/12/11/few-see-quick-cure-for-nations-political-divisions/

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U.S. Politics & Policy

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First Lady Remains Popular | % who say their view is... | Barack Obama | Michelle Obama | Favorable | 79 | Favorable | 68 | 55 | 58 | 53 | 52 | 4848 | Unfavorable | 43 '39 | 38 | 24 30 | Unfavorable | 24 | 15 | 09 | 10 | 11 12 13 14 | 09 10 11 12 13 14 | Survey conducted Dec3-7 2014. | PEW RESEARCH CENTER/USA TODAY

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Where Men Have Higher Hopes for Children's Future

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One factor in men’s optimism is their rosy view of what lies ahead for their children. In 27 of 44 countries men are more likely than women to think that the next generation will have a better life. The men in West Africa are the most confident about this. The least confident about the next generation’s prospects are Guatemalan men (75% think children will be worse off) Japanese women (71%) and German women (68%). Strikingly, more than half the men in Western Europe, Eastern and Southern Africa and the Conflict Area plus more than half the women in North America, Western Europe and Eastern and Southern Africa think the future will be worse for children. The greatest disparity in views about children’s future is in Canada, where 45% of men but only 24% of women think children will have it better.

https://www.pewresearch.org/global/2003/10/29/global-gender-gaps/

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Global Attributes & Trends

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Where Men Have Higher | Hopes for Children's Future | Men Women | Canada | 45 | 51 | Slovak Rep | 67 | Czech Rep | 68 | 35 | Britain | 16 | 25 | s Atrica | 34 | 29 | France | 21 | Germany | 29 | U.S | 45 | % saying | Japan | better

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The number of unauthorized immigrants in the U.S. declined over the past decade. Those from Mexico have decreased. Most are now long-term residents.

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The number of unauthorized immigrants in the U.S. fell to its lowest level in more than a decade, according to new Pew Research Center estimates based on 2016 government data. The decline is due almost entirely to a sharp decrease in the number of Mexicans entering the country without authorization.

https://www.pewresearch.org/hispanic/2018/11/27/u-s-unauthorized-immigrant-total-dips-to-lowest-level-in-a-decade/

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Hispanic Trends

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Number of unauthorized immigrants in | the U. S. declined over the past decade | In millions | 7 11.1 12.2 11.4 110 10.7 | 10. 7 11.1 | 8.6 | 5.7 | 3.5 | 1995 | 2010 | 2016 | 1990 | 2000 | 2005 | Those from Mexico have decreased | In millions | 9 | 6.2 | 6.3 | Mexico | 5 | 4.5 | 5.2 | 4.8 5.3 5.2 | 2.9 | 4.1 | 2.0 | Other countries | 2.8 | 1.5 | 1990 | 1995 | 2000 | 2005 | 2010 | 2016 | Most are now long-term residents | % of adult unauthorized immigrants, by duration of U.S. | residence | 66 | more than 10 years | 50 | 41 | 38 | 38 | 36 | 36 | 35 | 33 | 30 | 23 | 18 | 5 years or less | 1990 | 1995 | 2000 | 2005 | 2010 | 2016 | Note: Shading shows range of estimated 90% confidence interval. | Source: Pew Research Center estimates based on augmented U.S. | Census Bureau data See Methodology for details. | "U.S. Una uthorized Immigrant Total Dips to Lowest Level in a | Decade" | PEW RESEARCH CENTER

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Who are the Democratic Party' S

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Superdelegates (not an official designation, by the way; their formal name is “unpledged party leaders and elected officials”) will account for just under 15% of all delegate votes at July’s Democratic National Convention. We worked from a list made public by the national Democratic Party (originally to Vox), and updated and corrected it to account for deaths, resignations and, in at least one case, criminal conviction. We came up with a total of 713 named superdelegates (a handful of slots are still vacant), then used a mix of official biographies, news reports, social-media postings and other sources to determine each superdelegate’s gender, race/ethnicity and, in most cases, age. Not just anyone gets to be a superdelegate. Under party rules, all sitting Democratic governors (21, including the mayor of Washington, D.C.), senators (47) and representatives (193) automatically get their convention tickets punched. So do 20 “distinguished party leaders” – current and former presidents and vice presidents, retired House and Senate Democratic leaders, and all past chairs of the Democratic National Committee, the party’s governing body.

https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2016/05/05/who-are-the-democratic-superdelegates/

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U.S. Politics & Policy

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Who are the Democratic Party' S | superdelegates? | Number of superdelegates. by category | U.S | Representatives | 193 | DNC | Total: 713 | U.S. | members | 432 | Senators | Governors 21 | Distinguished 20 | party leaders | Notes: Four vacant DNC positions not shown Twelve | governors, senators and representatives also are DNC | membe rs; they are cate gorized by elective office only. | Source: Pew Research Center research and Tana lysis. | PEW RESEARCH CENTER

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Who the Public Knows Can identify... 93 Arnold Schwarzenegger Hillary Clinton

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More than nine-in-ten Americans (93%) could identify Arnold Schwarzenegger as the California governor or a former action-movie star – both responses were counted as correct in the scoring. An equally large proportion of the public identified Hillary Clinton as a U.S. senator, a former first lady, a Democratic leader, or a candidate for president. Clear majorities can also correctly identify Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice (65%) and Sen. Barack Obama (61%). House Speaker Nancy Pelosi is recognized by about half of the public (49%).

https://www.pewresearch.org/politics/2007/04/15/public-knowledge-of-current-affairs-little-changed-by-news-and-information-revolutions/

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U.S. Politics & Policy

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Who the Public Knows | Can identify... | 93 | Arnold Schwarzenegger | 93 | Hillary Clinton | 65 | Condoleezza Rice | Beyonce Knowles | 64 | Peyton Manning | 6? | 61 | Barack Obama | Nancy Pe losi | 49 | Lewis "Scooter" Libby | 29 | 21 | Robert Gates | Harry Reid | 15 | Can recall name off | The Vice President 69 | Their state's governor 66 | The President of Russia 36

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14% of Americans have experienced online harassment related to their political views sever experienced online harassment they because of their

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Political views, physical appearance, gender and race are among the top reasons people say they are harassed online. Some 14% of Americans – representing 35% of those who have encountered any type of harassment online – say they have been the target of online harassment because of their political views. Democrats and Republicans are equally likely to say this. Among other reasons people have been harassed online, around one-in-ten U.S. adults cite their physical appearance (9%), while 8% each say they were targeted because of their gender or their race or ethnicity. Smaller shares cited religion, sexual orientation, occupation or disability status as reasons. Social media is by far the most common venue for online harassment. When asked where their most recent incident with online harassment occurred, 58% of those who have been harassed online cited social media, the most common response. By comparison, 23% of online harassment targets say their most recent experience occurred in the comments sections of a website, while 15% cited a text or messaging app.

https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2017/07/11/key-takeaways-online-harassment/

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Internet & Technology

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14% of Americans have | experienced online | harassment related to | their political views | % of U.S. adults who say they have | sever experienced online harassment they | because of their | Politica views | 14% | Physical | appea rance | Gender | Race/ fethnicity | Religion | Sexual orienta tion | Occupation | Disability | Note: Total may notadd to 100% beca use | respondents could select multiple options. | respondents Source Survey conducted Jan. 9-23 2017. | "Online Harassment.2017 | PEW RESEARCH CENTER

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Bipartisan Support for U.S Drone Strikes strikes Yemen and to target Somalia extremists

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In general, the drone strikes against terrorists abroad are supported by a majority of Americans but they draw widespread opposition in most other countries surveyed. In a Pew Research Center survey conducted Feb. 7-10, 56% of Americans said they approved of the U.S. conducting missile strikes from drones “to target extremists in countries such as Pakistan, Yemen and Somalia.” About a quarter (26%) of the public disapproved.

https://www.pewresearch.org/2013/03/07/after-fight-over-cia-director-ends-a-look-at-public-opinion-on-drones/

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U.S. Politics & Policy

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Bipartisan Support for U.S Drone Strikes | Do strikes you approve or disapprove in of the ULS conducting Pakistan, drone | strikes you and to approve target Somalia extremists disapprove in countries such conducting as Pakistan, | strikes Yemen and to target Somalia extremists | Approve InDisapprove | Total | 56 | 26 | Republican | 68 | 17 | Democrat | 58 | 26 | Independent | 50 | 31 | Feb, 7-10, 2013, Figures may not ladd to 100% due to rounding | PEW RESEARCH CENTER

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Network Morning News Viewership Average viewership in millions

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Gold medals may not be the only thing at stake for the next few weeks in Sochi, Russia. The Olympic Games, which air on NBC, could also affect the contest for morning news ratings, which ABC has dominated since the last Olympic Games in 2012.

https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2014/02/10/the-sochi-effect-on-nbc-and-the-morning-news-wars/

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Journalism & Media

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Network Morning News Viewership | Average viewership in millions | ABC | CBS | NBC | 5.46 | 5.44 | 5.27 | 4.92 | 4.92 | 4.78 | 4.73 | 4.29 | 3. 222 | 2.86 | 2.87 | 2.73 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | Source: Nielsen Media Research, used under license | PEW RESEARCH CENTER

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Twitter users more mobile in news consumption

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Twitter users are also more likely to use their cell phones to connect to the internet; fully two in five (40%) Twitterers with cell phones use the device to connect to the internet, while one quarter (24%) of those who go online but do not use Twitter do the same. Along with communicating extensively via untethered mobile devices, Twitter users are more likely to consume news and information on these devices as well.13 For many Twitter users, learning about and sharing relevant and recent nuggets of information is a primary utility of the service. While Twitter users are just as likely as others to consume news on any given day, they are more likely to consume it on mobile devices and less likely to engage with news via more traditional outlets. Twitterers are less likely to read a printed copy of a newspaper, but more likely to read a newspaper online (76% vs. 60% of non-Twitter users), and more likely to read a news story on a cell phone (14% vs. 6%) or on a smart phone (17% vs. 7%). A similar pattern holds for video news consumption; on any given day, Twitter users are just as likely as others to watch news on a TV, and just as likely to watch video news on a computer, but more likely to watch a news video on a cell phone (6% vs. 1%) or on a smart phone (8% vs. 1%).

https://www.pewresearch.org/internet/2009/02/12/twitter-and-status-updating/

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Internet & Technology

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Twitter users more mobile in news | consumption | 17% | Read newspaper | on Smartphone | 7% | 14% | Read newspaper | on cell phone | 6% | 76% | Read newspaper | online | 60% | 52% | Read print | newspaper | 65% | 0% | 10% | 20% 30% | 40% | 50% 60% | 70% | 80% | Internet users | Twitter users | Pew Internet

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Tea party Republicans retained very warm feelings toward Trump Average rating of Donald Trump on a 0-100 feeling thermometer among Republicans and Rep leaners who, in 2014 or 2015

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Republicans who had positive views of the tea party movement in 2014 or 2015 were among Trump’s most enthusiastic backers during the 2016 campaign. And, unlike Republicans who had mixed or negative opinions of the tea party, they continued to have very positive feelings about Trump through his first year as president. In February 2018, those who had been Republican tea party supporters gave Trump an average rating of 78 on a 0-100 “feeling thermometer,” while Trump’s rating averaged 59 degrees among those Republicans who had no opinion of the tea party and was a much chillier 53 degrees among those who disagreed with the tea party. (Across all Pew Research Center surveys conducted in 2014 and 2015, 34% of Republicans and Republican leaners said they agreed with the tea party and just 11% disagreed, while the largest share – 53% – expressed no opinion.)

https://www.pewresearch.org/politics/2019/05/16/trumps-staunch-gop-supporters-have-roots-in-the-tea-party/

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U.S. Politics & Policy

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Tea party Republicans retained very | warm feelings toward Trump | Average rating of Donald Trump on a 0-100 feeling | thermometer among Republicans and Rep leaners | who, in 2014 or 2015 | 100 | Agreed with | the tea party | 78 | No opinion | 61 | 59 | 53 | 50 | 49 | 39 | Disagreed with | the tea party | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | Source: Surveys of U.S. adults conducted 2016-2018. | PEW RESEARCH CENTER

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What the Public Wants From Campaign News

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There is less agreement in public views about other aspects of campaign coverage. Majorities say they want more coverage of the candidates’ debates (57%), their sources of campaign money (55%), their personal backgrounds (55%), and the candidates who are not frontrunners (55%). However, a third or more says that they would like to see less coverage of each of these aspects of the presidential campaign. The public is decidedly unenthusiastic about one area of campaign coverage: just 42% say they would like to see more coverage of which candidate is leading in the polls, while 45% wants to see less coverage. That result, like others relating to campaign coverage, has changed very little since May.

https://www.pewresearch.org/politics/2007/10/23/modest-interest-in-2008-campaign-news/

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U.S. Politics & Policy

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What the Public Wants From Campaign News | Less | Akore | More/less coverage of | Candidates' issue positions | 77 | Candidate debates | 32 57 | 35 55 | Sources of campaign money | 36 55 | Candidates background | Candidates who are not in front | 37 55 | Which candidate is leading polls | 45 42

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News Coverage vs. News Interest

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For its part, the media devoted the most coverage to the budget drama that played out in Washington and the last-minute compromise that averted a shutdown last weekend. This story accounted for 29% of coverage – roughly four times the amount of coverage devoted to the Japan disaster (7%) and far more coverage than for any other story, according to a separate analysis by the Pew Research Center’s Project for Excellence in Journalism (PEJ).

https://www.pewresearch.org/politics/2011/04/12/public-follows-both-japan-shutdown-fight-closely/

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U.S. Politics & Policy

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News Coverage vs. News Interest | News Coverage | News Interest | Japan disaster | 34 | Gov't shutdown fight | 31 | 29 | Economy | 13 | lz 2 9 11 | Libya | Aircraft safety checks | Ivory Coast | News interest Pew shows the percentage ofpeople who say they April followed this story most | closely, Pew shows Research Center for the People & the Press April 7-10, 2011, News | closely, coverage Research Pew shows Research the percentage ofnews People coverage Press devoted April April to each 7-10, story, Pew | coverage Research shows Center's the Project percentage for Exce ofnews Ilence coverage in Journa lism, devoted April to 4-10, each 2011, story,

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Conc stern about Local Jobs Rising Again

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Views of the job situation nationally are strongly related to perceptions of the local job market, and those perceptions are again headed in a negative direction after recovering somewhat during 2004. Currently, 60% of those polled say that job opportunities where they live are difficult to find; 30% say there are plenty of jobs available.

https://www.pewresearch.org/politics/2005/06/01/economic-concerns-fueled-by-many-woes/

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Conc stern about Local | Jobs Rising Again | 66 | 50 | Jobs difficult to find | Plenty ofjobs | 31 | 31 | 30 | 24 | 2004 200S | 2001 | 2002 | 2003

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Republicans Dissatisfied with Party's Handling of Same-Sex Marriage % doing of Dems /leaners, Reps, /leaners saying their sexmarriage partyis doing and representing their views on same sexmarriage

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Partisans rate their parties. Most Republicans and Republican leaners (57%) say their party is not doing a good job of representing their views on same-sex marriage, and the party draws criticism from those on both sides of the issue.

https://www.pewresearch.org/politics/2015/06/08/support-for-same-sex-marriage-at-record-high-but-key-segments-remain-opposed/

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Republicans Dissatisfied with Party's | Handling of Same-Sex Marriage | % doing of Dems /leaners, Reps, /leaners saying their sexmarriage partyis | doing and representing their views on same sexmarriage | Democratic Party | Not a good job Good job | AII Dem/Dem lean | 30 | 62 | View of same sex | marriage | Favor (69%) | 18 | Oppose (26%) | 63 | 30 | Republican Party | Not a good job Good job | All Rep/ Rep lean | 57 | 29 | View of same sex | marriage | Favor (41%) | 63 | 28 | Oppose (56%) | 54 | 31 | Survev cond lucted May 12-18 2015. | Don 'tknow responses notshown. | PEW RESEARCH CENTER

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% of ethnicity marriages involving spouses ofa differentrace or of ethnicity marriages from involving each other spouses

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Marriage across racial and ethnic lines continues to be on the rise in the United States. The share of new marriages between spouses of a different race or ethnicity from each other increased to 15.1% in 2010, and the share of all current marriages that are either interracial or interethnic has reached an all-time high of 8.4%.

https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2013/01/08/intermarriage-on-the-rise-in-the-u-s/

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Intermarriage Trend, 1980-2010 | % of ethnicity marriages involving spouses ofa differentrace | or of ethnicity marriages from involving each other spouses | 15.1 | 15% | 14.5 | New marriages | 10 | 8. 4 | 8.0 | 6.8 | 4. 5 | 5 | Ail marriages | 3 | a | 1980 | 1990 | 2000 | 2010 | 2008 Note: 2010 New marriages numbers are Survey from 1980 (ACS). Census All and | 2008 2010 American U.5 Cor mmunity Survey (ACS). All | marriages are from U.5 mmunity Decennial Survey Census (ACS). data and 2008- | 2010 ACS IPUMS. | Source: Pew Research Center analysis of the (ACS) Decennial | Census Public and American Community (IPUMS) Surveys files (ACS) Integrated | Census Public Use and Micro American data Sample Community (IPUMS) Surveys files | PEW RESEARCH CENTER

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The number of unauthorized immigrants in U.S. workforce ticks down and that unauthorized immigrants decline as a share of the U.S. labor force.

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Just as with the population overall, the number of adult unauthorized immigrants in the workforce – 7.8 million – was lower in 2016 than a decade earlier. Their share of the workforce (4.8%) also declined from 2007. The decline in the unauthorized immigrant workforce stems mainly from the decline in the overall unauthorized immigrant population. The decline in numbers came even though the labor force participation rate of unauthorized immigrants rose slightly from 2007 to 2016, as it did for both lawful immigrants and U.S.-born women, but not U.S.-born men.

https://www.pewresearch.org/hispanic/2018/11/27/u-s-unauthorized-immigrant-total-dips-to-lowest-level-in-a-decade/

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Number of unauthorized immigrants in | U.S. workforce ticks down | In millions | 8.2 | 8.08.0 000 7.8 | 8.1 | 7.3 | 8.08.0 000 7.8 | 5.6 | 3.6 | 1995 | 2000 | 2005 | 2010 2014 2016 | Unauthorized immigrants decline as a | share of the U.S. labor force | % | 5.4 | 5.2 | 4.9 | 5.04998 000 | 5.04998 000 | 3.9 | 2.7 | 1995 | 2000 | 2005 | 2010 2014 2016 | Note: Shading shows range of estimated 90% confidence intervall. | Source: Pew Research Center Methodology estimates based on augmented US | *ULS. Census Bureau data See Methodology for details. | *ULS. Decade Una uthorized Immigrant See Methodology Total Dips to details. Lowest Level ina | Decade | PEW RESEARCH CENTER

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Democratic Support for Clinton Higher than in 2007, and Possible Rivals Garner Less Support Among Democratic and Democratic -leaning registered voters, % chance would vote for March 2015

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A poll last week by the Pew Research Center found that 59% of Democratic voters said there was a “good chance” they would vote for Clinton. That is higher than the 52% of Democrats who said there was a good chance they would back Clinton at a comparable point in 2007. The bigger change, by far, is the state of Clinton’s possible Democratic competition. In early 2007, a first-term senator named Barack Obama was already running for president – and 32% of Democrats saw a good chance of supporting him. By June of that year, Clinton’s advantage on the “good chance” measure had narrowed to 10 points over Obama and former Vice President Al Gore (44%, versus 34% for each).

https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2015/04/10/a-clinton-candidacy-voters-early-impressions/

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Democratic Support for Clinton Higher than in 2007, | and Possible Rivals Garner Less Support | Among Democratic and Democratic -leaning registered voters, % chance | would vote for | Good ch ance | Some chance | No cha nce | DK Never heard of | March 2015 | Clinton | 59 | 28 | 10 | 2 | Biden | 22 | 23 | 47 | Warren | 21 | 23 14 | 37 | Sanders 8 12 16 | 58 | Webb 11 13 | 68 | O'Ma lley | 10 | 73 | 9 | June 2007 | Clinton | 44 | 35 | 16 | Gore | 34 | 34 | 25 | Obama | 34 | 31 | 16 | 14 | Edwards | 21 | 38 | 21 | 12 | February 2007 | Clinton | 52 | 31 | 13 | Obama | 32 | 30 | 15 | 20 | Gore | 26 | 36 | 30 | Edwards | 22 | 40 | 18 | 15 | Survey conducted March 25-29 2015 Based on Democratic and Democratic-leaning | registered voters Don tknow responses to "heard about question notshown. Additional | candidates were asked boutin 2007; only those with 20% or more good chance shown | here. | PEW RESEARCH CENTER

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GOP Engagement, Enthusiasm Grows Support Strongly Candidate Given To A Lot Election of Thought" Support Strongly Candidate To Election Thought"

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The latest national survey by the Pew Research Center for the People & the Press, conducted Oct. 4-7 among 1,511 adults, including 1,201 registered voters (1,112 likely voters), finds that 67% of Romney’s backers support him strongly, up from 56% last month. For the first time in the campaign, Romney draws as much strong support as does Obama. More generally, the poll finds Romney’s supporters far more engaged in the campaign than they were in September. Fully 82% say they have given a lot of thought to the election, up from 73% in September. The new survey finds that Romney supporters hold a 15-point advantage over Obama backers on this key engagement measure. Supporters on both sides were about even in September.

https://www.pewresearch.org/politics/2012/10/08/romneys-strong-debate-performance-erases-obamas-lead/

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GOP Engagement, Enthusiasm Grows | Support Strongly Candidate | Given To A Lot Election of Thought" | Support Strongly Candidate | To Election Thought" | 90 | .82 Romney | supporters | .73 -70 73 | 80 | Obama | -70 | 68 68 | supporters | 70 | 60 | Obama | Romney | 69 667 supporters Obama | 60 | supporters | 63 62 | 50 | 56 | 40 | 38 | 30 | 34 | 20 | 10 | June July Sept Oct | June July Sept Oct | PEW RESEARCH CENTER Oct, 4-7, 2012, Based on registered voters Q5b, THOUGHT

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Many are confident private space companies will be profitable but skeptical they will keep space clean % of USS adults who say they have that private space companies will

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Only 13% of Americans, however, have a great deal of confidence that space companies will sufficiently address the debris problem, while 51% have not too much or no confidence, according to a recent Pew Research Center survey. Yet, the same survey finds that, among the 7% of the public that is highly attentive to space news – those who say they have heard “a lot” about NASA in the past year and “a lot” about private space companies – some 37% have a great deal of confidence that private companies will minimize space debris.

https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2018/08/31/as-debris-piles-up-americans-are-skeptical-enough-will-be-done-to-limit-space-junk/

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Many are confident private space companies will be | profitable but skeptical they will keep space clean | % of USS adults who say they have that private space companies will | a great dealof confidence | a fair amount of confidence | Not too much confide nce | No confidence at all | Make a profit for their | 44 | 36 | 14 | companies | Build safe and reliable | 26 | 51 | 17 | rockets and spacecraft | Control costs for developing | 24 | 41 | 26 | rockets and spacecraft | Conduct basic research to | 23 | 47 | 22 | increase knowledge of space | Minimize human-made | 13 | 35 | 38 | 13 | space debris | Note: Respondents who did not give an answerare notshown. | Source Survey conducted March 27-April 9. 2018 | "Majority ofAmericans Believeltls Essentia Thatthe U.S Remaina Global Leader in Space | PEW RESEARCH CENTER

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Attitudes on racial advantages, sexual harassment tied to midterm vote % who say they voted for the in the election for House of Representatives In the ULS today Problem of sexual harassment

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Overall, 41% of voters said whites in the country today are favored over minorities; 19% said that minorities are favored over whites, while 33% said that no group is favored. Attitudes on this question were strongly correlated with vote choice. Among those who said whites are favored in the U.S., 87% voted for Democrats. By contrast, large majorities of those who said minorities are favored (85%) or that no group is favored (69%) voted for Republican candidates. Views of the seriousness of the problem of sexual harassment also were closely tied to midterm preferences: 72% of those who said it is a very serious problem supported Democratic candidates. Among those who said it was a somewhat serious problem, Republican candidates held a slim edge (50% vs. 48%). And while relatively few voters said sexual harassment is not too serious a problem (11%), this group voted overwhelmingly Republican (79% vs. 20%).

https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2018/11/08/the-2018-midterm-vote-divisions-by-race-gender-education/

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Attitudes on racial advantages, sexual | harassment tied to midterm vote | % who say they voted for the | in the election for | House of Representatives | Democratic candidate | Repul blican candidate | In the ULS today | Whites are favored (41%) | 87 | Minorities are favored (19%) | 12 | 85 | No group is favored (33%) | 29 | 69 | Problem of sexual harassment | in ULS today is | Very serious (46%) | 72 | 26 | Somewhat serious (38%) | 48 | 50 | Not too serious (11%) | 20 | 79 | Not serious (3%) | NJA NIAVA | Source: Based on exit polls conducted by Edison Research for the | National Election Pool, as reported by CNN | PEW RESEARCH CENTER

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Czechs are less religious than Slovaks % who say they are - Catholic

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While Slovakia is majority Catholic (63%), around seven-in-ten Czechs (72%) are religiously unaffiliated – the highest share of unaffiliated adults in 34 European countries surveyed by the Center. In addition, far more people in Slovakia than in the Czech Republic say they believe in God (69% and 29%, respectively). The Czech Republic’s largely secular religious landscape is a result of dramatic declines over time in the share of adults who identify as Catholic. In a survey conducted in 1991 by the Times Mirror Center for the People & Press, Pew Research Center’s predecessor organization, 44% of Czech speakers in Czechoslovakia identified as Catholic. Around half that many (21%) identify as Catholic in the Czech Republic today. In addition to being predominantly Catholic, Slovaks also are consistently more religiously observant than Czechs. For instance, there is at least a 20-percentage-point difference between the two nations in the shares who say they pray daily (31% of Slovaks vs. 9% of Czechs) and attend religious services at least monthly (31% vs. 11%). And Slovaks are more likely to say religion in very important in their lives (23% vs. 7%).

https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2019/01/02/once-the-same-nation-the-czech-republic-and-slovakia-look-very-different-religiously/

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Czechs are less religious than Slovaks | % who say they are - | Czech Republic Slovakia | 21% | 63% | Catholic | Unaffiliated | 72 | 25 | % who | Say religion is very | 23 | important in their lives | Attend services | 11 | 31 | monthly | Pray daily | 31 | Czech Republic | Slovakia | Lines: | Source: Surveys conducted 2015-2017 in 34 countries. | Eastern fand Western Europeans Differ on importance of Religion, Views of | Minorities, and Key Social Issues | PEW RESEARCH CENTER

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Sub Saharan Africa lags behind wealthier regions in terms of internet use Adults who use the internet at least occasionally or report owning a smartphone Australia Sweden Netherlands South Korea Sweden Netherlands Jordan

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Globally, internet use is much more common in wealthier countries. The percentage of people who are online in each country is highly correlated with countries’ gross domestic product per capita (PPP). Regionally, internet use is lowest in sub-Saharan Africa, where a median of 41% across six countries use the internet. South Africa (59%) is the only country in the region where at least half the population is online.

https://www.pewresearch.org/global/2018/10/09/internet-connectivity-seen-as-having-positive-impact-on-life-in-sub-saharan-africa/#table

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Global Attributes & Trends

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Sub Saharan Africa lags behind wealthier regions in terms of internet use | Adults who use the internet at least occasionally or report owning a smartphone | 100% | Australia Sweden Netherlands | South Korea | Sweden Netherlands | Canada | Israel | 90 | UK | U.S. | Spain | Germany | Lebanon | France | Chile Russia | 80 | Jordan | Argentina Turkey | Turkey | Japan | Colombia | Poland | Brazil | China | Hungary | Italy | 70 | Mexico | Vietnam | Greece | Peru | 60 | South Africa | Philippines | 50 | Senegal | Tunisia | Kenya | Nigeria | 40 | Ghana | Sub Saharan Africa | 30 | Indonesia | Tanzania | Other countries | India | 20 | 10 | $10.000 | $20, 000 | $30, 000 | $40, 000 | $50,000 | $60 000 | $0 | 2015 GDP PER CAPITA (PPP, CURRENT INTERNATIONAL $) | Note: GDP per capita data not available Survey. for Venezuela. Percentages ULS based on total sample. | Note: Source GDP Spring per capita 2017 data Global not Attitudes available Survey. for Venezuela. Q63 & Q65 Percentages ULS data from based a on Pew total Research sample. Center survey conducted Jan. 3-10, 2018 China | data from 2016 Global Attitudes Survey GDP data from the World Bank accessed June 2. 2017 (China data accessed May 30, 2018). | PEW RESEARCH CENTER

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Germans more likely to see the U.S. as an important partner than Americans are to see Germany as one % who say is the most or second-most important partner for American/German foreign policy

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Americans and Germans differ over which country is most important to their own nation’s foreign policy. In the U.S., people are most likely to name the UK (36%) as the most or second-most important foreign policy partner for the U.S. Only about one-in-ten (13%) name Germany, ranking it fifth on Americans’ list.

https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2019/11/25/americans-and-germans-remain-far-apart-in-views-of-bilateral-relations-2/

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Global Attributes & Trends

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Germans more likely to see the U.S. as an important partner than Americans are to | see Germany as one | % who say | is the most or second-most important partner for American/German foreign policy | Americans | Germans | UK | France | 60% | 36% | China | 23 | U.S | 42 | Canada | 20 | China | 15 | Russia | Israel | 15 | 12 | UK | Germany | 13 | Austria * | Mexico | 12 | * European countries EU and Italy also had 3% | Note: Combined res ponses Only top six countries shown. | the Pew Research Center survey conducted in the U.S Sept 17-22 2019 Q1a-b German results from Korber Stiftung survey conducted | the 9-28, 2019 | PEW RESEARCH CENTER

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CNN Credibility Drops But Still Leads Cable Percent who b elieve allormos

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CNN’s once dominant credibility ratings have slumped in recent years, mostly among Republicans and independents. By comparison, the Fox News Channel’s believability ratings have remained steady both overall and within partisan groups. Nonetheless, among those able to rate the networks, more continue to say they can believe all or most of what they hear on CNN than say that about Fox News Channel (32% vs. 25%).

https://www.pewresearch.org/politics/2004/06/08/news-audiences-increasingly-politicized/

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CNN Credibility Drops | But Still Leads Cable | Percent who b elieve allormos | 400 | 30% | 254 | 22 | 20% | 10% | 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 | CNN o Fox | MS NBC

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Americans say a man should be alle to support a family financially but don't say the same about women % of adults saying itis very important that a many woman has each traitin order to be a Be able to supporta

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Roughly seven-in-ten adults (71%) say it is very important for a man to be able to support a family financially to be a good husband or partner. By comparison, 32% say it’s very important for a woman to do the same to be a good wife or partner, according to a new Pew Research Center survey.

https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2017/09/20/americans-see-men-as-the-financial-providers-even-as-womens-contributions-grow/

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Social & Demographic Trends

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Americans say a man should be alle to support a | family financially but don't say the same about women | % of adults saying itis very important that a many woman has each traitin | order to be a | Good wife) partner | Good husband/partner | Be caring and | 86 | compassionate caring | 90 | Be able to supporta | family financially | 32 | 57 | Contribute to | household chores | 63 | 38 | Be well educated | 35 | Source: Survey ofU.S. adults conducted Aug 8-21, 2017 | PEW RESEARCH CENTER

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U.S. public is closely divided about overall health risk from food additives

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The American public is closely divided over the degree of health risk posed by additives present in the foods we regularly eat. Majorities see at least some risk from eating food produced with common agricultural and processing practices, including meat from animals given hormones or antibiotics, produce grown with pesticides and foods with artificial ingredients. And about half of the public says that foods with genetically modified (GM) ingredients are worse for one’s health than foods without, according to a new nationally representative survey from Pew Research Center. The Pew Research Center survey finds the U.S. public of two minds about food additives. Roughly half say the average person faces a serious health risk from food additives over their lifetime (51%) while the other half believes the average person is exposed to potentially threatening additives in such small amounts that there is no serious risk (48%). It’s important to keep in mind that the survey asks respondents for their views about food additives as a whole. There are more than 10,000 additives used to enhance the shelf life, appearance, taste or nutritional value of foods, including over 3,000 that are “generally recognized as safe” – a term defined by the Food and Drug Administration, the main federal agency charged with regulating food safety.

https://www.pewresearch.org/science/2018/11/19/public-perspectives-on-food-risks/

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Science & Society

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U.S. public is closely divided about | overall health risk from food additives | % ofus. adults who say they the average person is exposed | to ofus. additives in the food say they eat average every person day | But they are in such | Which pose | small amounts that | 48% | 51% | serious risk to | this does not pose | their health | serious health risk | 2% No answer | Source: Survey conducted April 23-May 6, 2018 | "Public Perspectives on Food Risks" | PEW RESEARCH CENTER

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Upper-income Americans were about five times as likely to own stocks was lower-income Americans in 2019 % saying they have each of the following types of savings or investment accounts Upper income Middle income Lower income Personal investments in Among Republicans and Republican leaners, Upper income Middle income Lower income Among Democrats and Democratic leaners,

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Upper-income Americans were especially likely to have each of these financial holdings. About nine-in ten upper-income Americans had savings (89%) and retirement accounts (87%), and 68% had stocks or other personal investments. In fact, upper-income Americans were about five times as likely to own stocks as lower-income Americans (68% vs. 14%).

https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2020/09/25/few-in-u-s-owned-stocks-outside-of-401ks-in-2019-fewer-said-market-had-a-big-impact-on-their-view-of-economy/

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Social & Demographic Trends

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Upper-income Americans were about | five times as likely to own stocks was | lower-income Americans in 2019 | % saying they have each of the following types of savings | or investment accounts | Upper income Middle income Lower income | savings account | 78 | 48 | An IRA, 401(k) or a | 8 | similar kind of | retirement account | 26 | Personal investments in | stocks/ bonds/mutual | 38 | funds other than those | held in an IRA/ 401(k) | 14 | Among Republicans and Republican leaners, | % saying they have | Upper income Middle income Lower income | Personal investments in | 73 | stocks/ (bonds/mutual | 40 | funds other than those | held in an IRA/: 401(k) | 18 | Among Democrats and Democratic leaners, | % saying they have | Upper income Middle income Lower income | 64 | Personal investments in | stocks/bonds/ mutual | 37 | funds other than those | held in an IRA/4011K) | 13 | Note: Family income tiers are based on adjusted 2018 eamings | Source: Survey of U.S. adults conducted Sept. 16-29 2019 | PEW RESEARCH CENTER

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Voters Engaged in (Thought a lot" about elec stion)

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Turnout in the 2006 midterm election may well be higher than normal, given the level of interest expressed by voters. Today, 51% of voters say they have given a lot of thought to this November’s election, up from 45% at this point in 2002 and 42% in early October of 1998. Even in 1994 – a recent high in midterm election turnout – just 44% of voters had thought a lot about the election in early October.

https://www.pewresearch.org/2006/10/11/november-turnout-may-be-high/

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Voters Engaged in | 2006 Midterm | (Thought a lot" about elec stion) | 51% | 45% | 44% | 42% | 1994 | 1993 | 2006 | 2002 | Early October polls by Pew | Based on re gistered voters

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a third of black adults trust information from local news organizations % ofUS. adults who say they have a lot oftrust in the information they getfrom Local news organizations National news organizations Note: Whites and blacks include only those who are not Hispanic;

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Black adults stand out for their trust in local news organizations. One-in-three say they have a lot of trust in the information they get from local news organizations, higher than the share of whites who say the same (27%). When it comes to national news organizations, blacks (23%) are about as likely as whites (20%) and Hispanics (24%) to express a lot of trust.

https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2019/08/07/facts-about-black-americans-and-the-news-media/

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Social & Demographic Trends

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a third of black adults trust information | from local news organizations | % ofUS. adults who say they have a lot oftrust in the | information they getfrom | Local news organizations | Black | 33% | 27% | White | 28% | Hispanic | National news organizations | Black | 23 | 20 | White | 24 | Hispanic | Note: Whites and blacks include only those who are not Hispanic; | Hispanics are of any race | Source: Survey conducted Feb 22-March 4. 2018 | PEW RESEARCH CENTER

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Ideological Echo Chambers % who say

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Nearly two-thirds (63%) of consistent conservatives and about half (49%) of consistent liberals say most of their close friends share their political views. Among those with mixed ideological values, just 25% say the same. People on the right and left also are more likely to say it is important to them to live in a place where most people share their political views, though again, that desire is more widespread on the right (50%) than on the left (35%).

https://www.pewresearch.org/politics/2014/06/12/political-polarization-in-the-american-public/

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U.S. Politics & Policy

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Ideological Echo Chambers | % who say | Most of my close friends share my | It's important to me to live in a place where | political views | most people share my political views | Total | 28% | 35% | Consistently conservative | 50 | 63 | 29 | Mostly conservative | 22 | 25 | Mixed | Mostly liberal | 25 | 25 | Consistently liberal | 35 | 49 | Source: 2014 Political Polarization in the American Public | Note Ideologica consistency based on a scaleof 10 politica values questions (see AppendixA). | PEW RESEARCH CENTER

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a quarter of Americans now see themselves as spiritual but not religious % who identify as Religious and spiritual 59%

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About a quarter of U.S. adults (27%) now say they think of themselves as spiritual but not religious, up 8 percentage points in five years, according to a Pew Research Center survey conducted between April 25 and June 4 of this year. This growth has been broad-based: It has occurred among men and women; whites, blacks and Hispanics; people of many different ages and education levels; and among Republicans and Democrats. For instance, the share of whites who identify as spiritual but not religious has grown by 8 percentage points in the past five years.

https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2017/09/06/more-americans-now-say-theyre-spiritual-but-not-religious/

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Religion & Public Life

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a quarter of Americans now see | themselves as spiritual but not religious | % who identify as | Religious and spiritual | 59% | 48% | 27 | Spiritual but not religious | 19 | 18 | Ne ither re ligious nor spiritual | 16 | Re ligious but not spiritual | 6 | 2017 | 2012 | Note: Respondents were asked separate ques tions about | whether they cons sider themse Ives to be a religious person | and whether they cons ider the mselves to be a spiritual | person." The spiritual but not religious category includes | those who fres ponded affirmatively to the question about | being a spiritual person and also responded that they do not | consider significant themse lves to be a re ligious pe rson Statistica Illy | significant changes are indicated in bold Figures may not | significant add to 100% changes due to rounding. | Source: Survey cond lucted April 25-June 4, 2017. | PEW RESEARCH CENTER

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Income has grown fastest among America's upper households a three-person household

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Over the long haul, America’s middle-income households have seen their income grow. From 1970 to 2014, these households’ median income increased from $54,682 to $73,392 (in 2014 dollars), a gain of 34%. Lower-income household incomes have grown, too, but not as much: 28% over the same 44-year period. Upper-income household incomes have grown most, up 47% over this period. However, the nation’s economic progress over the past several decades masks financial setbacks since 2000. Because of the recession in 2001 and the Great Recession of 2007-09, overall household incomes fell from 2000 to 2014. The greatest loss was felt by lower-income households, whose median income fell 9% over this period; the median for middle-income households fell 4%, and that for upper-income households fell 3%.

https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2015/12/10/5-takeaways-about-the-american-middle-class/

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Income has grown fastest among | America's upper households | Median income in 2014 dollars, scaled to reflect | a three-person household | $174, .625 | Upper income | $118 .617 | 73, .392 | Middle income | 54 .682 | 24 .074 | 18, .799 | Lower income | 1990 | 1970 | 1980 | 2000 | 2010 2014 | Note: Households are assigned to income tiers based on their | size. adjusted household assigned income in the calendar year prior to | the survey year. | Source: Pew Research Center analysis of the Current | Population Survey, Annual Social and Economic Supplements | PEW RESEARCH CENTER

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Russians still feel they should get more respect Which statement comes closer to your own views, even if "neither is exactly right?

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Most Russians still believe their country doesn’t get the respect it deserves, but fewer feel this way now than in the past. Today, 56% of the Russian public thinks Moscow should be held in higher esteem around the world. About a third believes Russia gets the proper amount of respect, which is up from just 16% in 2012, the last time the question was asked.

https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2017/06/21/4-charts-on-how-russians-see-their-countrys-place-in-the-world/

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Russians still feel they | should get more respect | Which statement comes closer to | your own views, even if "neither is | exactly right? | 100 % | Russia should be | more respected world | around respected the world | 73 | 56 | Russia isas | respected around the | world asit should be | 34 | 16 | 2012 | 2017 | Source Spring 2017 Global Attitudes | Survey. | PEW RESEARCH CENTER

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Learning Online vs. in a Classroom % saying online courses offer an equal educational value compared with courses taken in a classroom

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As online college courses have become increasingly prevalent, the general public and college presidents offer different assessments of their educational value. Just three-in-ten American adults (29%) say a course taken online provides an equal educational value to one taken in a classroom, according to a March 2011 survey. By contrast, fully half of college presidents (51%) say online courses provide the same value.

https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2012/12/17/college-presidents-are-bigger-believers-than-public-in-online-classes/

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Learning Online vs. in a Classroom | % saying online courses offer an equal educational | value compared with courses taken in a classroom | 29 | General public | 51 | College presidents | Note: General public figure is from a telephone survey 15-29 | 2011 conducted General on landline public College figure and cellular phones figure telephone March survey 15-29 will | 2011 conducted (N=2,142) conducted on landline College March and 15-April presidents cellular 24, phones figure 2011 March (N=1,055 IS from 15-29 a will college | survey university (N=2,142) conducted College March 15-April presidents 24, figure 2011 (N=1,055 college | and university presidents) | PEW research CENTER

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Members of both parties are much less positive on impact of tech companies % who say technology companies have a effect on the way things are going in the country

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Negative views of technology companies’ impact on the country have nearly doubled during this period, from 17% to 33%, according to a new Pew Research Center survey. Nearly one-in-five (18%) now volunteer their impact has been neither positive nor negative or that it is mixed, or they offer no opinion.

https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2019/07/29/americans-have-become-much-less-positive-about-tech-companies-impact-on-the-u-s/

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Members of both parties are much less | positive on impact of tech companies | % who say technology companies have a | effect on | the way things are going in the country | Positive | 71 | 70 | 68 | 33 | Negative | 18 | 18 | 17 | 10 | 12 | 115 | 19 | % who say technology companies have a positive effect | on the way things are going in the country | Dem/Lean Dem | 74 | 71 | 69 | .72 | 69 | 54 | 66 | Rep/Lean Rep | 44 | 10 | '12 | 15 | 19 | Note: Don't know, other responses not shown. | Source: Survey of U.S. adults conducted July 10-15, 2019 | PEW RESEARCH CENTER

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Those living near the coast are most likely to say climate change is affecting their local community %ffus. adults who say global climate change is currently affecting their local community Among Republicans, /lean Rep Among Democrats/lean Dem

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Seven-in-ten of those who live less than 25 miles from the coastline say climate change is affecting their local community a great deal or some. By comparison, 57% of those who live 300 miles or more from the coastline say climate change is affecting their local community at least some.

https://www.pewresearch.org/science/2020/06/23/two-thirds-of-americans-think-government-should-do-more-on-climate/

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Those living near the coast are most | likely to say climate change is affecting | their local community | %ffus. adults who say global climate change is | currently affecting their local community | a great deal | Some | NET | Distance to coastline | Less than 25 miles | 31 | 40 | 70 | 25-299 miles | 22 | 39 | 61 | 300+ miles | 18 | 39 | 57 | Among Republicans, /lean Rep | 45 | Less than 25 miles 14 | 31 | 38 | 29 | 9 | 25-299 miles | 24 | 31 | 300+ miles | Among Democrats/lean Dem | 83 | Less than 25 miles | 39 | 44 | 83 | 25-299 miles | 34 | 49 | 300+ miles | 83 | 29 | 54 | Note: Respondents who gave other responses or did not give an | answer are not shown. | Source: Survey conducted April 29-May 5, 2020 | "Two -Thirds of Americans Think Government Should Do More on | Climate | PEW RESEARCH CENTER

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Partisan Divide on U.S. in Canada Favorable view of USS

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There is a sharp partisan divide when it comes to Canadians’ opinions of the U.S. Followers of the incumbent Conservative Party of Canada (CPC), led by current Prime Minister Stephen Harper, have the most positive views of the U.S. (84%). Among those who support the Liberal Party, 71% give the U.S. a thumbs-up. But among backers of the social-democratic New Democratic Party (NDP), only 58% have a favorable view of America. Despite these differences, majorities of all political stripes in Canada still have a favorable view of the U.S.

https://www.pewresearch.org/global/2015/10/06/canadians-satisfied-with-u-s-relationship/

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Partisan Divide on U.S. in Canada | Favorable view of USS | TOTAL | 68% | Conservative | 84 | Liberal | New Democratic | Source: Spring 2015 Global Attitudes survey. Q12a | PEW RESEARCH CENTER

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Fewer than half of Republicans who see foreign influence in the 2020 election as likely say this is a major problem Among those who say it is very or somewhat likely that Russia or other foreign governments will attempt to influence the 2020 election, % who say attempts ware a Russia or other foreign governments will attempt to influence the 2020 election, % who say attempts ware a

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Among those who anticipate that Russia or other foreign governments will attempt to influence the election, about two-thirds (66%) say this is a major problem. These views are much more prevalent among Democrats (82%) than Republicans (39%).

https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2020/02/12/large-majority-of-americans-expect-that-foreign-governments-will-try-to-influence-the-2020-election/

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Fewer than half of Republicans who see | foreign influence in the 2020 election | as likely say this is a major problem | Among those who say it is very or somewhat likely that | Russia or other foreign governments will attempt to | influence the 2020 election, % who say attempts ware a | problem | Minor | Not much | Major | Total | 66 | 27 | Rep/Lean Rep | 39 | 13 | 48 | Dem/Lean Dem | 82 | 15 2 | Among those who say it is very or somewhat likely that | Russia or other foreign governments will attempt to | influence the 2020 election, % who say attempts ware a | major problem | Total | Dem | Rep/ | Lean | Lean | Rep | Dem | 081092 | 51 | Very likely | Somewhat likely | 30 047 | 63 | Note: No answer responses not shown. | Source: Survey of U.S. adults conducted Jan. 6-19, 2020. | PEW RESEARCH CENTER

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113th Congress Not Quite the Least Public laws enacted by each Congress,

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With the 113th Congress now in the history books, we conducted a final tally of our nation’s legislative productivity — in terms of both total laws passed and of substance. Our calculation finds that the 113th just barely avoided the dubious title of “least productive Congress in modern history.” But that’s only because of an exceptionally active lame duck session. In all, the expiring Congress enacted 296 laws, 13 more than the 2011-12 Congress. Of those, we categorized 212 as substantive by our deliberately generous criteria (that is, anything besides building renamings, commemorative-coin issuances and other purely ceremonial laws); that was four more than the previous Congress.

https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2014/12/29/in-late-spurt-of-activity-congress-avoids-least-productive-title/

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113th Congress Not Quite the Least | Productive of Recent Times | Public laws enacted by each Congress, | by category | CEREMONIAL | 117 | 130 | 140 | 463 | 165 | 83 | 109 | 368 | 342 | 295 | 84 | 294 | 75 | 274 | 212 | 208 | SUBSTANTIVE | 106th 107th 108th 109th 110th 111th 112th 113th | '99. '00 '01 `02 '03 00 -05 '06 07. '08 '99 '10 11-12 13:14 | Source: Library of Congress THOMAS website Pew Research | Center analysis | PEW RESEARCH CENTER

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After 2018 midterm, Republicans less confident in public's political wisdom political decisions

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A majority of adults say they have little or no confidence in the wisdom of the American people when it comes to making political decisions (59%). Fewer say they have a very great deal or good deal of confidence (39%).

https://www.pewresearch.org/politics/2019/04/11/little-public-support-for-reductions-in-federal-spending/

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After 2018 midterm, Republicans less | confident in public's political wisdom | % who say they have (of trust and confidence in the | wisdom of the American people when it comes to making | political decisions | Very great/Good deal | 35 | Not very much/None atall | '97 99 '01 '03 '05 '07 '09 '11 '13 '15 '17 '19 | % who say they have a very great/good deal of trust and | confidence in the wisdom very of the American people when it | comes to making political decisions | Dem/Lean Dem | Rep/Lean Rep | 67 | 54 | 61 | 43 | 36 | 32 | '97 '99 '01 '03 '05 '07 09 '11 '13 '15 '17 '19 | Note: Don 't know responses not shown. | Source: Survey of U.S. adults conducted March 20-25, 2019 | PEW RESEARCH CENTER

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Chinese unchanged in belief that Japan has yet to sufficiently apologize for actions during World War I % Chinese saying Japan has for its military actions during the 1930s and 1940S

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Japanese atonement for its activities in China before and during World War II is an ongoing source of friction in Sino-Japanese relations. The Japanese believe they have expressed regret for their behavior, while the Chinese disagree. The Chinese see Tokyo’s war-related penitence quite differently. Roughly three-quarters (77%) say Japan has not adequately expressed regret, and such Chinese sentiment is largely unchanged since 2006. Only 10% believe Tokyo has apologized enough.

https://www.pewresearch.org/global/2016/09/13/hostile-neighbors-china-vs-japan/

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Chinese unchanged in belief that Japan has yet to | sufficiently apologize for actions during World War I | % Chinese saying Japan has for its military actions during the 1930s and | 1940S | Apologized No apology | Not apologized | sufficiently | sufficiently necessary | 2016 | 77% | 10% | 2% | 2013 | 78 | 2008 | 76 | 8 | 2006 | 81 | Source: Spring 2016 Global Attitudes Survey Q84. | PEW RESEARCH CENTER

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Democrats hold large advantage over GOP on several issues; Republican Party leads on the economy % who say each party could do a better job dealing with

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Democrats lead on several issues; GOP leads on economy. With the public’s views of the economy becoming more positive, the Republican Party holds a 45%-36% lead on dealing with the economy. Last October, the two parties were rated about even for handling the economy (38% Republican Party, 41% Democratic Party). The GOP once again has a significant lead on handling terrorism (43% to 32%); neither party had an advantage on terrorism in October.

https://www.pewresearch.org/politics/2018/06/20/voters-more-focused-on-control-of-congress-and-the-president-than-in-past-midterms/

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Democrats hold large advantage over GOP on several | issues; Republican Party leads on the economy | % who say each party could do a better job dealing with | Democratic Republican | Both/ | Party | Party | Neither | Terrorist threat | 32 | 17 R+11 | 43 | Economy | 36 | 45 | 14 | R+9 | Budget deficit | 35 | 41 | 18 | R+6 | 14 21 13 12 11 12 D+14 D+16 D+6 D+8 R+3 R+1 | R+3 | Taxes | 40 | 43 | Trade | R+1 | 40 | 41 | Gun policy | 38 | 44 | D+6 | 36 | Fore ign policy | 44 | D+8 | D+14 | Immigration | 48 | 34 | Drug ad diction | 27 | 43 | Health care | 32 | 15 D+16 | 48 | Abortion & contra cep tion | 50 | 31 | 10 D+19 | 14 D+24 | Race & ethnicity issues | 52 | 28 | Environment | 12 D+32 | 57 | 25 | Note: Don tknow responses notshown Signiffcant.ifferences atthe 95% confidence | interval in bold. | Source: Survey ofU.S. adults conducted June 5-12, 2018. | PEW RESEARCH CENTER

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Lower-Income Republicans More Likely to Have Positive View of Aid to Poor Among Republicans and Republican- -leaning independents, % who say governemnt aid to the poor

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A large majority of Republicans (71%) said that government aid to the poor does more harm than good, but there are divisions within the party based on income, according to the February survey. Eight-in-ten Republicans with annual incomes of $75,000 or more say government aid to the poor does more harm than good, as do 71% of those with incomes of $30,000-$74,999. But lower-income Republicans are less likely to agree. Among those with incomes of less than $30,000, 48% say it does more good than harm while 45% say it does more harm than good.

https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2015/10/28/where-republicans-are-united-divided-on-the-economy/

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Lower-Income Republicans More Likely to Have | Positive View of Aid to Poor | Among Republicans and Republican- -leaning independents, | % who say governemnt aid to the poor | Does more good | Does more harm | than harm | than good | TOTAL | 24% | 71% | Family income | >$75K | 15 | 80 | $30-$75K | 24 | 71 | <$30K | 48 | 45 | Source: Survey conducted Feb. 18-22 2015. | PEW RESEARCH CENTER

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Democrats are split in concerns about investigations of Trump administration % of Democrats and Democratic leaners who are more concerned that congressional Democrats investigating the Trump administration

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A slim majority of conservative and moderate Democrats say they are concerned more about too much focus on investigations (55%), while 43% say their greater concern is not enough focus. The balance of opinion is roughly the reverse among liberal Democrats: 52% say they are more concerned congressional Democrats will not focus enough on investigating the Trump administration, while 46% say they are more concerned they will focus too much on these investigations.

https://www.pewresearch.org/politics/2019/05/23/nearly-half-of-democrats-say-the-best-age-for-a-president-is-in-their-50s/

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Democrats are split in concerns about | investigations of Trump administration | % of Democrats and Democratic leaners who are more | concerned that congressional Democrats | on | investigating the Trump administration | Will focus | Will not | too much | focus enough | Dem/Lean Dem | 51 | 47 | Cons/I Mod | 55 | 43 | Liberal | 46 | 52 | Note: No answer not shown. | Source: Survey of U.S. adults conducted April 29. May 13, 2019. | PEW RESEARCH CENTER

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Comparing News Interest and News Coverage News Interest

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More than half of the public (55%) say this was the news they followed most closely last week. The Gulf coast spill now has been the most closely followed story for each of the past 12 weeks. News about the spill again received more coverage than any other major story, accounting for 20% of the newshole. That is up from 15% one week earlier, but still below peak levels reached in May and June, when it accounted for one-third or more of coverage, according to the Pew Research Center’s Project for Excellence in Journalism (PEJ).

https://www.pewresearch.org/politics/2010/07/21/oil-leak-news-viewed-as-mix-of-good-and-bad/

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Comparing News Interest and News Coverage | News Interest | News Coverage | Oil leak | 55 | 20 | Economy | 13 | 10 | Afghanistan | 4 5 | Financial regulation | 2 | 2010 elections | NAACP resolution | 2 | News interestssoows the percentage ofpeople who say they followed this story most closely, | Pew Research Center for the People & the Press July 15-18, 2010 News coverage shows | the percentage ofnews coverage devoted to each story, Pew Research Center's Project for | Exce Ilence in.ournalism,.UUly 12-18 2010,

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Where Near-Minimum-Wage Employees Work and What They Do Industries that employ the most near- minimum-wage workers 3. .754 000 workers 902 .400 562 ,900 Most common occupations among near minimum-wage workers Cashiers 1, 099 .300 1,046,400 773 .300

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The restaurant/food service industry is the single biggest employer of near-minimum-wage workers. Our analysis also found that 3.75 million people making near-minimum wages (about 18% of the total) worked in that industry. Among near-minimum workers aged 30 and younger, about 2.5 million (or nearly a quarter of all near-minimum workers in that age bracket) work in restaurants or other food-service industries. But because many of those workers presumably are tipped, their actual gross pay may be above $10.10 an hour. (Federal law, as well as wage laws in many states, allows tipped employees to be paid less as long as “tip credits” bring their pay up to at least the applicable minimum.)

https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2017/01/04/5-facts-about-the-minimum-wage/

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Where Near-Minimum-Wage Employees Work and | What They Do | Industries that employ the most near- minimum-wage workers | Resta urants and other food services | 3. .754 000 workers | Grocery stores | 902 .400 | Department and discount stores | 650,200 | Construction | 633 100 | Elementary and secondary schools | 562 ,900 | Most common occupations among near minimum-wage workers | 1,407 .400 workers | Cashiers | 1, 099 .300 | Retail salespeople | 1,046,400 | Cooks | Waiters and waitresses | 773 .300 | Janitors and building cleaners | 725 .300 | Note: Near-mininum-wage workers" are defined as non-self-moloyed workers, | 18 and older, who are paid hourly and ma ke more than the applica ble minimum | wage in their state but less than $10 10 an hour. | Source: Pew Research Center estimates based on 2013 IPUMS CPS microdata | PEW RESEARCH CENTER

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Nostalgia for

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Half of Russians also agree with the statement “it is a great misfortune that the Soviet Union no longer exists;” 36% disagree. This is a slight decline from 2009, when 58% agreed and 38% disagreed. Russians ages 50 and older tend to express more nostalgia for the Soviet era than do those under 50.

https://www.pewresearch.org/global/2011/12/05/confidence-in-democracy-and-capitalism-wanes-in-former-soviet-union/

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Nostalgia for | Soviet Era | Itis a great misfortune that | the Soviet exists Union no longer | exists | Agree | 50% | DK | 14% | Disagree 36% | Disagree 36% | PEW RESEARCH CENTER Q15e.

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The makeup of today's Washington press corps # of U.S. basedjournalists accredited by the Press Gallery to cover Congress

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The face of the Washington press corps has changed markedly in recent years, transformed by an increase in the number of journalists working for “niche” publications and digital startups, while the ranks of reporters working for general interest local newspapers have continued to decline. A new Pew Research Center report – updating findings from a 2009 study of the Washington press corps – tracks the changes and explores the implications for local communities. Credentialed reporters working for trade publications, specialty outlets and other niche news sources now outnumber daily newspaper reporters, according to the U.S. Senate Press Gallery. As recently as the late 1990s, daily newspaper staff outnumbered specialty journalists by more than two to one.

https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2015/12/03/key-takeaways-washington-press-corps/

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The makeup of today's Washington press corps | # of U.S. basedjournalists accredited by the Press Gallery to cover Congress | Broad. | Daily | Foreign | Wire | interest | Niche outlet | service website NET | newspaper | press | 2014 | 216 | 589 | 576 | 328 | 73 | 1.782 | 2009 | 500 | 608 | 334 | 214 | 2 | 1,658 | Source: U.S. 2009). Senate PressGallery, 113* Congress (February 2014), 111* Congress | Source: (December 2009). | PEW RESEARCH CENTER

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Favorability Ratings Even Percent with a favorable opinion of

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Mitt Romney trailed Barack Obama most of the year in personal favorability but closed the gap after the first presidential debate and maintains that parity in the current poll. Half of registered voters (50%) say they have a favorable opinion of him, compared with 52% favorable for Barack Obama. Comparable numbers of voters say they have a very favorable opinion of each of the candidates (23% for Obama, 19% for Romney), as well as a very unfavorable opinion (26% each).

https://www.pewresearch.org/politics/2012/10/29/presidential-race-dead-even-romney-maintains-turnout-edge/

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Favorability Ratings Even | Percent with a favorable opinion of | 55 | 55 | 55 49 52 Obama | 50 50 | 49 | 45 5050 Romney | 45 | 37 | 33 | 29 | Jan | Mar | July | Oct | PEW RESEARCH CENTER Oct, 24-28, 2012, Q16a-b, | Based on registered voters

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Hispanic, Black High School Dropout Rates Reach Record Lows Percent of18-to 24-year-olds dropping out of high school

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More U.S. high school students are staying in school, according to newly released data from the Census Bureau, as the national dropout rate reached a record low last year. Just 7% of the nation’s 18-to-24 year olds had dropped out of high school, continuing a steady decline in the nation’s dropout rate since 2000, when 12% of youth were dropouts. The decline in the national dropout rate has been driven, in part, by substantially fewer Hispanic and black youth dropping out of school (the non-Hispanic white dropout rate has not fallen as sharply). Although Hispanics still have the highest dropout rate among all major racial and ethnic groups, it reached a record-low of 14% in 2013, compared with 32% of Hispanic 18- to 24-year-olds who were dropouts in 2000. The new data show significant progress over the past decade at other measures of educational attainment among Hispanic youth: Not only are fewer dropping out of high school, but more are finishing high school and attending college. The only exception is that Hispanics continue to substantially trail white youth in obtaining bachelor’s degrees. The decline in the size of the Hispanic dropout population has been particularly noteworthy because it’s happened at the same time that the Hispanic youth population is growing. The number of Hispanic 18- to 24-year-old dropouts peaked at 1.5 million in 2001 and fell to 889,000 by 2013, even though the size of the Hispanic youth population has grown by more than 50% since 2000. The last time the Census Bureau counted fewer than 900,000 Hispanic dropouts was in 1987.

https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2014/10/02/u-s-high-school-dropout-rate-reaches-record-low-driven-by-improvements-among-hispanics-blacks/

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Hispanic, Black High School Dropout Rates | Reach Record Lows | Percent of18-to 24-year-olds dropping out of high school | 40% | 35 | 30 33 | 25 | 14% Hispanic | 20 | 16 | 15 | 8 Black | 10 | 5 | Non-Hispanic White | 5 | Non-Hispanic White | 193 '95 '97 999 '01 03 05 1997 00 11 '13 | Asian | Notes: The status dropout rate shown refers to the share of 18-to 24-year-olds who | we re not enrolled in school and had not completed high school. Black and Asian | include the Hispanic portion of those groups. White includes sonly non- Hispanic | whites. | Source: U.S. Census Bureau October Current Population Survey | PEW RESEARCH CENTER

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More Hearing Bad News about Economy Whatare you hearing about the economy these days?

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As has been the case throughout 2012, most Americans (55%) say they are hearing a mix of good and bad news about the U.S. economy. A third (33%) say they have been hearing mostly bad news about the economy, up slightly from October (28%). Just 10% are hearing mostly good news about the economy, though this, too, has risen since the summer. In August, just 3% said they were hearing mostly good economic news.

https://www.pewresearch.org/politics/2012/11/05/more-interest-in-hurricane-sandy-than-election/

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More Hearing Bad News about Economy | Whatare you hearing about the economy these days? | 80 | Mix of good | fand bad news | 55 | 33 | Mostly bad | news | 24 | 24 | 19 | 10 | 11 | Mostly good | news | 2008 Dec | Jan | Aug | 2012 Mar | Nov | 2008 Dec | 2011 | 2011 2012 | 2012 | PEW RESEARCH CENTER Nov. 1-4, 2012,

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About a third of Latinos say they now express their Hispanic or American identities outwardly more often than five years ago % in December 20019 who said they have done more often, compared with five years ago

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Some Hispanics say they have changed how they outwardly show their identities over the past five years, a period that roughly starts with the launch of Trump’s presidential campaign. Before the outbreak, over a third (35%) of Hispanics said they more often outwardly express their Hispanic identity than five years ago by speaking Spanish in public (24%), talking about their pride in being Hispanic (25%) or wearing clothing that shows their Hispanic heritage (10%). Meanwhile, a similar share of Hispanics (33%) said they more often express their U.S. identity by speaking only English in public (21%), talking about their pride in being American (17%) or wearing clothing that shows their U.S. pride (11%). Public expressions of identity differed greatly by party affiliation. About four-in-ten (44%) Hispanic Republicans said they outwardly express their U.S. pride compared with five years ago. Roughly three-in-ten (29%) of Hispanic Democrats said the same.

https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2020/07/22/before-covid-19-many-latinos-worried-about-their-place-in-america-and-had-experienced-discrimination/

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About a third of Latinos say they now express their Hispanic or American identities | outwardly more often than five years ago | % in December 20019 who said they have done more often, compared with five years ago | All Hispanics | Dem/Lean Dem | Rep/Lean Rep | Any behaviors: of the following Hispanic-identity | 35 | 38 | 30 | behaviors: following | Talk about your pride in being Hispanic | 25 | 29 | 19 | 24 | 25 | 23 | Speak Spanish in public | Wear clothing or apparel that outwardly | 10 | 12 | 8 | expresses your Hispanic apparel origin or heritage | Any of the following U.S iridentity | 33 | 29 | 44 | behaviors: following | 21 | 21 | 25 | Speak only English in public | Talk about your pride in being American | 17 | 12 | 29 | Wear clothing that outwardly expresses | 11 | 9 | 17 | your U.S clothing pride | Note: Responses of "less often, "about the same and have never done this are not shown, | Source: National Survey of Latinos conducted Dec 3-23, 2019. | PEW RESEARCH CENTER

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Most adults read a book in the past year; print remains most popular, but e-reading is on the rise Among American adults 18 and older, the % who read at least one book (in total, in print, or as an e. book) in the past year Total (any format) Read print book Read an e-book

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The proportion of Americans who read e-books is growing, but few have completely replaced print books for electronic versions. The percentage of adults who read an e-book in the past year has risen to 28%, up from 23% at the end of 2012. At the same time, about seven in ten Americans reported reading a book in print, up four percentage points after a slight dip in 2012, and 14% of adults listened to an audiobook. Overall, 76% of adults read a book in some format over the previous 12 months. The typical American adult read or listened to 5 books in the past year, and the average for all adults was 12 books.1 Neither the mean nor median number of books read has changed significantly over the past few years.

https://www.pewresearch.org/internet/2014/01/16/e-reading-rises-as-device-ownership-jumps/

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Most adults read a book in the past year; | print remains most popular, but e-reading is | on the rise | Among American adults 18 and older, the % who read at least | one book (in total, in print, or as an e. book) in the past year | 2011 | 2012 | 2014 | 80 | 79 | 70 | .74 76 | 71 | 69 | 60 | 65 | 50 | 40 | 30 | 20 | 28 | 23 | 10 | 17 | Total (any format) Read print book Read an e-book | -Total" also includes those who listen to audio books (not shown). | Source: Pew Research 1005 Center's Internet Project Omnibus Survey, January | 2-5 Source: 2014 Pew N= Research 1005 American Center's adults Internet ages Project 18 English and Omnibus older. Spanish. Survey, Interviews January were | conducted on landlines and cell phones in English and Spanish. | PEW RESEARCH CENTER

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Negative Views of U.S. Efforts in Iraq, Afghanistan In achieving its goals in Iraq/Afghanistan, USS has

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After more than a decade of war in Iraq and Afghanistan, the public does not think the United States has achieved its goals in either country. About half of Americans (52%) say the U.S. has mostly failed to achieve its goals in Afghanistan while 38% say it has mostly succeeded. Opinions about the U.S. war in Iraq are virtually the same: 52% say the United States has mostly failed in reaching its goals there, while 37% say it has mostly succeeded.

https://www.pewresearch.org/politics/2014/01/30/more-now-see-failure-than-success-in-iraq-afghanistan/

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Negative Views of U.S. Efforts in Iraq, | Afghanistan | In achieving its goals in Iraq/Afghanistan, USS has | Mostly failed | Mostly succeeded | Iraq | 52 | 37 | Afghanistan | 52 | 38 | Survey conducted Jan. 15-19 2014. | Don t know responses not shown. | PEW RESEARCH CENTER/USA TODAY

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Liberal Democrats more likely to say social media is important for creating long-lasting movements politicians but all groups believe it helps get the eye of politicians % of US adults who say social media is very or somewhat important

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For example, close to nine-in-ten liberal Democrats (86%) believe these platforms are very or somewhat important for creating sustained social movements, compared with around seven-in-ten conservative or moderate Democrats (73%) and just over half of liberal or moderate Republicans (56%) and conservative Republicans (53%). Partisans’ views are more closely aligned when they are asked about the importance of these platforms for getting elected officials to pay attention to issues or influencing policy decisions.

https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2018/11/05/liberal-democrats-more-likely-than-other-groups-to-be-politically-active-on-social-media/

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Liberal Democrats more likely to say social media is | important for creating long-lasting movements politicians but | all groups believe it helps get the eye of politicians | % of US adults who say social media is very or somewhat important | when it comes to | Crea ating Esusta ined Getting elected | Influencing | Getting officials to pay | movements for | policy | social change | atten tition to issues | decisions | Liberal Dem | 86 | 76 | 668 | Consy Mod Dem | 73 | 65 | Mod/Liberal Rep | 58 | 56 | 66 | Conservative Rep | 53 | 69 | 52 | Note: Respondents Survey who gave other responses or did not give an answer are not shown | Source: Survey OfULS adults conducted May 29-June 11. 2018 | PEW RESEARCH CENTER

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Highly religious Americans less likely to want each of these enhancements % of USS adults in each religious commitmentgroup who say they would want Gene editing giving their baby a much reduced disease risk Among those on the religious comm mintindex Brain chip implant for much improved cognitive abilities Synthetic blood for much improved physical abilities Note: "Definitely" would and "probably would responses combined

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Many Americans are wary of the prospect of implanting a computer chip in their brains to improve their mental abilities or adding synthetic blood to their veins to make them stronger and faster, according to a major new Pew Research Center survey gauging the public’s views on technologies that could enhance human abilities. And this is particularly true of those who are highly religious. For instance, a majority of highly religious Americans (based on an index of common religious measures) say they would not want to use a potential gene-editing technology that would give their baby a much reduced risk of disease (64%), while almost the same share of U.S. adults with “low” religious commitment would want to use such a technology (63%). Similar patterns exist on questions about whether people would want to enhance themselves by implanting a computer chip in their brains or by having synthetic blood transfusions. Not only are highly religious Americans less open to healthy people using these potential technologies, but they are more likely to cite a moral opposition to them – and even to connect them directly to religious themes.

https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2016/07/29/the-religious-divide-on-views-of-technologies-that-would-enhance-human-beings/

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Highly religious Americans less likely to | want each of these enhancements | % of USS adults in each religious commitmentgroup | who say they would want | Gene editing giving their baby a much reduced disease risk | Among those on the religious comm mintindex | High | 34 | Medium | 48 | 63 | Low | Brain chip implant for much improved cognitive abilities | High | 24 | Medium | 30 | Low | 44 | Synthetic blood for much improved physical abilities | High | 26 | Medium | 34 | Low | 43 | Note: "Definitely" would and "probably would responses combined | Respondents who would "definitely" or 'probal obly notwe Intthis or | who did not give an answer are notshown The indexofreligious | commitmentis based on self-rated importa noe ofreligionin one's | life freq uency of worship service attendance and ofreligionin frequency of | prayer. | Source: Survev ofu.s adults conducted March 2-28, 2016. | "U.S Public Wary of Biomedical Technologies to Enhance" Human | Abilities" | PEW RESEARCH CENTER

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Google searches for guns closely track number of background checks conducted by FBI Monthly U.S. Google gun search activity aland background checks Adjusted number

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Google search activity for specific gun models tends to rise and fall in a similar pattern to the number of background checks conducted by the FBI. When we examined monthly, nationwide Google searches for the gun models on our list between February 2012 and February 2018, as well as the adjusted number of gun background checks the FBI carried out each month during this period, we found a strong correlation between the two. This finding aligns with other research that has found that Google search activity tends to track real-world economic indicators closely. A 2017 paper published in the journal Science also found that the search term “buy gun” is strongly correlated with background checks. Google search interest in guns is correlated with the population-adjusted number of FBI background checks at the state level, too. In 2017, states with more Google search activity for the specific gun models we tested also had a higher per-capita number of FBI background checks. (This finding reflects Google searches and background checks conducted over the course of the full year.)

https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2018/03/16/what-google-searches-can-tell-us-about-americans-interest-in-guns/

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U.S. Politics & Policy

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Google searches for guns closely track number of | background checks conducted by FBI | Monthly U.S. Google gun search activity aland background checks | Monthly | Adjusted number | of background | search | San Bernardino | activity | Sandy Hook | checks (millions) | Parkland | 100 | 1.25 | Texas church | 10 | Las Vegas | Orlando | 0.75 | 80 | 0.5 | 0.25 | 0 | 0.25 | 0.5 | 40 | Feb 2012 | Feb 2018 | Note: To better capture the month to month fluctuation. we adjusted the number | of methodology background checks capture by removing the linear trend of the time series See | methodology for details. Google Trends data are based on query share: the total | query volume for the search term in question within a pa rticular geographic region | divided by the total number of queries in that region during the time period being | examined. The maximum query share in the time period specified is set to 100. | The value does not reflect absolute number of search queries | Source: Google Trends API, FBI. | PEW RESEARCH CENTER

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Nicotine, flavoring-only cartridges popular among older students who vape % ofU.S students who said they vaped the the last 30 days, 2018

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In addition, vaping increased among college students from 2017 to 2018, the most recent year for which MTF has released data for this group. In fact, the uptick in vaping among college students for nicotine (from 6% in 2017 to 16% in 2018) and marijuana (from 5% to 11%) were among the greatest one-year increases for any substance asked about since the survey was first administered in 1975. (The long-running annual survey is first distributed to a nationally representative sample of students in eighth, 10th and 12th grades, and a randomly selected sample from each senior class continues to receive surveys biannually after finishing high school.) Nicotine was the most commonly cited substance being used in e-cigarettes for most groups of students in 2018. Vaping just flavoring, by comparison, was more common for 12th graders (14%), 10th graders (13%) and eighth graders (8%) than for college students (5%) in the previous month.

https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2019/09/26/vaping-survey-data-roundup/

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Nicotine, flavoring-only cartridges | popular among older students who vape | % ofU.S students who said they vaped | the the last 30 days, 2018 | Cartridges with flavoring | Cartridges with flavoring | Nicotine | Marijuana | only | 8th grade 6% | 3% | 8% | 10th grade | 16 | 13 | 7 | 12th grade | 21 | 8 | 14 | students College | 16 | 11 | 5 | students College | Source: University of Michigan Monitoring the Future survey. | PEW RESEARCH CENTER

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Most Americans say medical scientists should have a major policy role on vaccine issues % of making USS adults who say childhood making vaccines

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Public perceptions of medical scientists and their research are broadly positive. Some 55% of Americans perceive strong consensus among medical scientists that the measles, mumps and rubella vaccine is safe for healthy children. Nearly half of Americans (47%) say that medical scientists understand very well the risks and benefits of the MMR vaccine, 43% say medical scientists understand this fairly well and just one-in-ten (10%) say medical scientists do not understand this at all or not too well. While there is considerable variation in Americans’ views about medical scientists’ understanding of childhood vaccines, most Americans think medical scientists should have a role in policy decisions related to childhood vaccines. Fully 73% of U.S. adults think that medical scientists should have a major role, 19% think they should have a minor role in such policy-making decisions, and 7% think medical scientists should have no role in vaccine policymaking. Far fewer Americans say that other groups should have a major role in policy decisions on these issues, including the general public (47%), pharmaceutical industry leaders (27%), health insurance company leaders (26%) or elected officials (25%).

https://www.pewresearch.org/science/2017/02/02/vast-majority-of-americans-say-benefits-of-childhood-vaccines-outweigh-risks/

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Science & Society

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Most Americans say medical scientists | should have a major policy role on | vaccine issues | % of making USS adults who say | should have a major role | in childhood making decisions about policy issues related to | childhood making vaccines | Medical scientists | 73 | The general public | Pharmaceutical | 27 | industry leaders | Health insurance | 26 | company leaders | Elected officials | 25 | Note: Respondents who gave otherresponses orwho did notgive | an answer are notshown. | Source Survey conducted May 10-June 6 2016 | "Vast Majority ofAmericans Say Benefits ofChildhood Vaccines | Outweigh Risks | PEW RESEARCH CENTER

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Top Policy Priorities for 2011 % rating each a 'top priority Economy Terrorism Environment

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The public’s policy agenda is again dominated by the economy and jobs with other major issues viewed as less important. Fully 87% say that strengthening the economy should be a top priority for the president and Congress and 84% rate improving the job situation as a top priority, by far the highest percentages among 22 issues tested. The latest national survey by the Pew Research Center for the People & the Press, conducted Jan. 5-9 among 1,503 adults, finds that concern about the budget deficit has increased in recent years. Currently, 64% view reducing the budget deficit as a top priority, up slightly from 60% a year ago, and 53% in 2009. Yet reducing the deficit continues to lag far behind the economy and jobs among the public’s priorities. This also is true for policy goals related to health care, whether reducing health care costs (61% top priority) or revising last year’s health care law (56%). The public continues to be divided over what it wants to see done with the health care law – 37% favor its repeal, while nearly as many (35%) want the law expanded, and 20% would leave it as it is.

https://www.pewresearch.org/politics/2011/01/20/economy-dominates-publics-agenda-dims-hopes-for-the-future/

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U.S. Politics & Policy

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Top Policy Priorities for 2011 | % rating each a 'top priority | Economy | 8 | Jobs | 84 | Terrorism | 73 | Education | 5 33 37 40 it 46 5 56 61 61 64 66 66 | Social Security | Budget deficit | Medicare | Health care costs | Health care legis. | Poor and needy | Energy | Illegal immigration | Crime | Moral decline | Military | Environment | Lobbyists | Simplify taxes | Global trade | Transportation | Global warming | 26 | Obesity | 19 | PEW RESEARCH CENTER Jan, 5-9, 2011,

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Younger women who have used dating sites or apps are especially likely to report having negative interactions with others on these platforms % of online dating users in each group who say someone on a dating site or app

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Six-in-ten women under the age of 35 who have used online dating sites or apps say someone continued to contact them after they said they were not interested, compared with 27% of men in this age range. Younger female users are also about twice as likely as their male counterparts to say someone on a dating site or app has called them an offensive name (44% vs. 23%) or threatened to physically harm them (19% vs. 9%). Other encounters that young women describe are more overtly sexual: 57% of female online dating users ages 18 to 34 say someone has sent them a sexually explicit message or image they did not ask for. This compares with 28% among male users in the same age range. (In this analysis, online dating users are the 30% of U.S. adults who answered yes to the following question: “Have you ever used an online dating site or dating app?”)

https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2020/03/06/young-women-often-face-sexual-harassment-online-including-on-dating-sites-and-apps/

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Internet & Technology

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Younger women who have used dating sites or apps are especially likely to report | having negative interactions with others on these platforms | % of online dating users in each group who say someone on a dating site or app | Continued to contact | Sent them a sexually | Threatened to | them after saying they | explicit message or | Called them an | physically | were not interested | image they didn't ask for | offensive name | harm them | Online dating users | 35% | 28% | 37 % | 9% | 26 | 22 | Men | 27 | Women | 48 | 46 | 33 | 11 | 13 | Ages 18-34 | 43 | 42 | 33 | 35-49 | 37 | 8 | 36 | 30 | 50+ | 29 | 22 | 15 | 3 | Men 18-34 | 27 | 28 | 23 | 9 | Women 18-34 | 57 | 44 | 19 | Men 35-49 | 25 | 24 | 26 | Women 35-49 | 53 | 49 | 34 | 10 | Men 50+ | 24 | 15 | 27 | 3 | Women 50+ | 29 | 20 | 13 | 2 | Notes: Online dating users refers to respondents who say they have ever used an online dating site or app. Those who did not give an answer | are not shown. | Source: Survey of U.S. adults conducted Oct. 16- 28, 2019 | "The Virtues Survey and Downsides of Online Dating" | PEW RESEARCH CENTER

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Attitudes toward online harassment vary by gender % of USS adults who say...

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Americans’ views about the balance between online safe spaces and free speech tend to vary by gender. Men are more likely than women to say that it is more important for people to be able to speak their minds freely online (56% vs. 36%), while women are more inclined than men to say it is more important for people to feel welcome and safe in online spaces (63% vs. 43%).

https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2017/07/11/key-takeaways-online-harassment/

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Attitudes toward online harassment vary by gender | % of USS adults who say... | Men | 54% | Online harassment is | "major problem" | Women | 70% | Offensive content | Too often excused as | Taken too | online is | not a big deal | seriously | Men | 35 | 64 | Women | 50 | 49 | it is more important | Be able to speak their | Feel welcome and | for people to | minds freely online | safe online | 56 | Men | 43 | Women | 36 | 63 | Source: Survey conducted Jan 9-23 2017. | "Online Harassment 2017 | PEW RESEARCH CENTER

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Social Networking Usage

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While social networking has spread globally, it is particularly widespread in the country where it began. Among the 22 publics surveyed, Americans most often say they use websites like Facebook and MySpace: 46% use such sites, 36% use the internet, but do not access these sites, and 18% say they never go online. The survey finds three countries close behind the United States in social network usage: in Poland (43%), Britain (43%) and South Korea (40%), at least four-in-ten adults say they use such sites. And at least a third engage in social networking in France (36%), Spain (34%), Russia (33%) and Brazil (33%). Germans and the Japanese stand out among highly connected publics for their comparatively low levels of participation in social networking. While 31% of Germans use these types of sites, 49% go online at least occasionally but choose not to use them. In Japan, 24% are engaged in social networking, while 44% have internet access but are not engaged.

https://www.pewresearch.org/2010/12/15/global-publics-embrace-social-networking/

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Social Networking Usage | %o No | Yes | No | internet* | U.S | 46 | 36 | 18 | 41 16 | Poland | 43 | 15 | Britain | 43 | 41 | 31 21 22 | S Korea | 38 | 40 | 42 | France | 36 | Spain | 34 | 36 | 56 | Russia | 33 | 10 | Brazil | 33 | 10 | 57 | Germany | 31 | 49 | 20 | Argentina | 31 | 52 | Turkey | 26 | 61 | Japan | 24 | 44 | 32 | 24 | Jordan | 8 | 68 | 23 | China | 22 | 53 | Mexico | 23 | 16 | 61 | Kenya 19 5 | 76 | Lebanon 18 | 65 | Egypt 18 | 76 | Nigeria 17 | 76 | India | 82 | Indonesia | 91 | Pakistan | 94 | Respondents who do not use the internet or email, | Based on total sample "Don't know/Refused" notshown | Samples in China India and Pakistan are disproportionately | urban, See the Methods section for more information. | PEW RESEARCH CENTER Q66

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News Interest vs News Coverage Economy 22

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Americans divided their attention among several major stories last week as President Obama reached out to the Muslim world in a major speech, a jetliner crashed into the Atlantic Ocean and General Motors filed for bankruptcy protection. At the same time, they continued to keep a close watch on news about the troubles facing the U.S. economy. Meanwhile, the latest weekly News Interest Index survey, conducted June 5-8 by the Pew Research Center for the People & the Press, shows that interest in news about the U.S. economy remained strong across most groups. About two-in ten (22%) say they followed economic news more closely than other major stories. A comparable share (21%) say they followed news about the deadly plane crash most closely, while 17% say the same about Obama’s speech to the Muslim world on June 4. A slightly smaller share (13%) say they followed news about the GM bankruptcy filing more closely than other major stories, while 7% say they followed news about the NBA final series most closely, and 5% say they followed news about the killing of a Kansas doctor who performed abortions that closely.

https://www.pewresearch.org/politics/2009/06/11/weeks-major-news-stories-draw-different-audiences/

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News Interest vs News Coverage | Economy 22 | Air France crash | 10 | 21 | Obama's Egypt speech | 17 | Gill bankruptcy 13 | 12 | 8 | Kansas doctor killing | Interest: percent who named story as most closely followed | Coverage: percent of news coverage devoted to story

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48% of Americans say they'd be comfortable or likely to engage with all three key contact tracing steps % of U.S adults who say they would be very or somewhat comfortable or likely to engage with all three key steps of the process (speak, share, quarantine)* the

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Looking at the various combinations of responses to those questions, this survey finds that 48% of Americans would be relatively comfortable or likely to engage with all three of those steps, and 51% would be relatively resistant to at least one core aspect of the process. In making this calculation, we used a somewhat generous definition of engagement. (The percentages who actually would cooperate could be higher or lower.) The 48% referred to in most of this report as “comfortable or likely to engage” with all steps are those who say they would do all of the following in the coronavirus contact tracing process: In addition, younger adults, Hispanic adults, those with lower incomes and those with less formal education are less likely to be fully comfortable or likely to engage with the process than their counterparts. About four-in-ten adults ages 18 to 29 (41%) say they would be comfortable or likely to engage with all three steps, compared with 56% of those ages 65 and older. And while White and Black adults are similarly likely to fall into this group given their responses – about half of each group expresses full comfort or likelihood engaging – Hispanic adults are less likely to say this (four-in-ten Hispanic adults say so).

https://www.pewresearch.org/internet/2020/10/30/the-challenges-of-contact-tracing-as-u-s-battles-covid-19/

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48% of Americans say they'd be comfortable or likely | to engage with all three key contact tracing steps | % of U.S adults who say they would be very or somewhat comfortable | or likely to engage with all three key steps of the process (speak, share, | quarantine)* | U.S adults | 48 | the | Male | 49 | Female | 47 | White | 50 | Black | 51 | Hispanic | 40 | Ages 18-29 | 41 | 30-49 | 45 | 50-64 | 50 | 65+ | 56 | HS or less | 41 | Some college | 44 | Colleget | 60 | conserscises | Lower income | 44 | Middle income | 47 | Upper income | 61 | Rep/I Lean Rep | 36 | Dem/ Lean Dem | 60 | *The calculations about people engaging with coronavirus-related contact tracing programs | are built around a random hhlf sample of respondents. using questions about the likelihood | they would speak with a public health official who contacted them via phone or text | message to speak about the coronavirus; their comfort in sharing information about people | they d been in contact with and where they d been; and their willingness to quarantine if | advised to do so by a public health official because they had the coronavirus Those who did | not give an answer for any one of the relevant steps in the process ware not shown For more | details about these calculations see the report section In all 48% of adults say they would | be comfortable or likely to engage with all three key steps of the contact tracing process | Note: White and Black adults include those who report being only one race fand are not | Hispanic Hispanics are of any race Family income stiers are based on adjusted 2018 | earnings. | Source: Survey of U.S adults conducted July 13- 19 2020 | The Challenges of Contact Tracing as U.S Battles COVID-19" | PEW RESEARCH CENTER

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Roughly one-third of Musl lims report having experienced at least one incident of discrimination in the past 12 months % of Israeli Muslims who religious say they have personally in the the year due to their religious say identity

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At the same time, there are some positive interactions, too. About a quarter of Israeli Muslims (26%) say a Jewish person has expressed sympathy toward them because of their religious identity within the past year.

https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2016/05/25/most-israeli-jews-do-not-see-a-lot-of-discrimination-in-their-society/

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Religion & Public Life

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Roughly one-third of Musl lims report | having experienced at least one incident | of discrimination in the past 12 months | % of Israeli Muslims who religious say they have personally in the | the year due to their religious say identity | Been questioned by | 17% | security | Been prevented traveling from | 15 | prevented traveling | 15 | Been threaten@c/.tittacked | Suffered property damage | 13 | Experienced at least one of | 37 | the above | Had a Jewish person | 26 | express sympathy | Source: Survey conducted October 2014 May 2015. | PEW RESEARCH CENTER

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In nearly half of two-parent households. both mom and dad work full time % of couples, by work arrangement Mom & Dad NOT EMPLOYED Mom FULL TIME, Dad PART TIME for SNOT EMPLOYED

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In nearly half of two-parent households in the U.S. today, children are raised by parents who both work full time. Yet most Americans say that children with two parents are better off when one of them stays home to tend to the family, according to a Pew Research Center survey. A Pew Research Center analysis conducted last year had found that both parents work full time in 46% of two-parent households. By contrast, in 1970, only 31% of these households had both parents employed full time. The most common arrangement at that time, among two-parent households, was a full-time working father and a mother who was not employed.

https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2016/10/10/most-americans-say-children-are-better-off-with-a-parent-at-home/

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Social & Demographic Trends

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In nearly half of two-parent households. | both mom and dad work full time | % of couples, by work arrangement | Mom & Dad NOT EMPLOYED | Mom FULL TIME, | Dad PART TIME for SNOT EMPLOYED | 3% | 2% | 2 | 6 | Mom NOT EMPLOYED, TIME | Dad FULL TIME | 26 | 46 | Mom PART TIME, | Dad FULL TIME | 17 | Mom FULL TIME, | 46 | Dad FULL TIME | 31 | 1970 | 1980 | 1990 | 2000 | 2010 2015 | Note: Based on employment status in the prior year among | male/female married couples with at least one child younger | than 18 in the household. Both married and coha biting | couples included since 2010 Data regarding cohabiting biting | couples unavailable for earlier yea its Other work | arrangements not shown; same sex couples are excluded. | Source: Pew Research Center Tana lysis of March Current | Population Surveys Integrated Public Use Microdata Series | (IPUMS CPS), 1970-2015. | PEW RESEARCH CENTER

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News Interest vs. News Coverage

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In other news last week, the public continued to pay close attention to reports about the U.S. economy. Fully 45% followed news about the economy very closely and 25% listed this as the single news story they followed more closely than any other. The national media devoted 5% of its overall coverage to the economy. The cyclone that struck Burma resulting in devastating loss of life and property was the second most heavily covered news story of the week. The media devoted 15% of its coverage to this story.

https://www.pewresearch.org/politics/2008/05/14/public-says-press-should-not-declare-obama-the-winner/

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News Interest vs. News Coverage | May 5-11 | 2008 Campaign | 46 | 30 | Economy 25 | 5 | Burma cyclone | 15 | 15 | Situation in Iraq | 11 | Microsoft St Yahoo | Jenna Bush | Interest: percent who followed this story most closely | Coverage: percent of news coverage devoted to story

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Older generations more likely to say the U.S. 'stands above' other nations % who say the U.S. stands above all other countries in the world

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Older generations of Americans are more likely to see their country as exceptional. This is the case when it comes to whether people think the United States stands above all other countries in the world; that it is one of the greatest countries, along with others; or that other countries are better than the U.S. Around four-in-ten Boomers or Silent Generation members say the U.S. stands above all other countries in the world, while only around a quarter or fewer of Gen Xers (26%) and Millennials (22%) say the same.

https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2020/07/08/u-s-millennials-tend-to-have-favorable-views-of-foreign-countries-and-institutions-even-as-they-age/

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Older generations more likely to say the U.S. 'stands | above' other nations | % who say the U.S. stands above all other countries in the world | 100 % | 50 39 | 40 Silent | 39 | 39 | 37 Boomer | 270 | 26 22 Gen Millenial X | 26 22 Gen Millenial X | 0 | 2011 | 2013 | 2015 | 2017 | 2019 | Source: Survey of U.S. adults conducted September 5-16, 2019. | PEW RESEARCH CENTER

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Little support for leaving EU, but many want a referendum on membership Our country should lea I've the EU Would support holding a na tional referendum on pour country 5 EU membe rship

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But while few citizens on the European continent are eager to see their own country depart the EU, many want the chance to have their voice heard through their own referendum on EU membership. Moreover, frustrations with Brussels remain when it comes to economic management and dealing with the refugee issue. Asked whether they would like their national government to make decisions about the movement of people into their country and trade with other nations, roughly half or more across the countries surveyed answer, “Yes.” A median of just 18% in the nine continental EU nations surveyed want their own country to leave the EU. Greece and Italy are home to the largest support for exit, but even in these countries more than half want to remain a part of the European project.

https://www.pewresearch.org/global/2017/06/15/post-brexit-europeans-more-favorable-toward-eu/

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Little support for leaving EU, but many | want a referendum on membership | Our country should lea I've the EU | Would support holding a na tional referendum on pour | country 5 EU membe rship | 36% | Greece | 58% | 34 | Italy | 57 | 22 | France | 61 | 22 | Sweden | 53 | 18 | Netherlands | 42 | 13 | Hungary | 44 | 13 | Spa in | 65 | 11 | Germany | 50 | Poland | 51 | Source: Spring 2017 Globa Attitudes Survey. Q44 & Q45. | PEW RESEARCH CENTER

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Where Do You Get Most of Your National and International News?

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Television still dominates. Newspapers are falling on hard times. Just this past December, we documented that the internet had surpassed newspapers as the second most common source for the public. For young people, newspapers and the internet have been dueling for most of this decade, and in 2008 the internet finally swamped newspapers — and matched television as a news source.

https://www.pewresearch.org/2009/03/03/new-tricks-for-old-and-new-dogs/

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Where Do You Get Most of Your | National and International News? | 800 | Television | 60 | Internet | 10 | Newspapers | 20 | 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 | 2008 | Source: Pew Research Center Surveys

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Rodrigo Duterte and his war on drugs receive positive reviews from Filipinos

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Domestically, despite international concerns leveled by various governments regarding Duterte’s controversial clashes with drug cartels and potential human rights violations, the Filipino leader and his policies are widely popular. Fully 86% have a favorable view of Duterte himself, 78% support his handling of the illegal-drugs issue and 62% say that the Philippine government is making progress in its anti-drug campaign.1 Meanwhile, 78% believe the current economic situation is good and 57% are satisfied with the direction of the country, a 21-percentage-point increase from 2014, the last time this question was asked in the Philippines. Since being elected in 2016, Philippines President Rodrigo Duterte has waged a war on drugs that has garnered international condemnation, including accusations of crimes against humanity by the International Criminal Court. Yet Pew Research Center’s 2017 survey finds that Duterte is well-liked domestically and his policies, including his approach to the war on drugs, are generally popular among Filipinos. A 57% majority say they are satisfied with the way things are going in their country, up from 36% three years ago. Moreover, 78% believe that the economic situation in the Philippines is good, while only 20% say the economy is in bad shape.

https://www.pewresearch.org/global/2017/09/21/people-in-the-philippines-still-favor-u-s-over-china-but-gap-is-narrowing/

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Rodrigo Duterte and his war on drugs | receive positive reviews from Filipinos | Favorable view of | 86% | President Duterte | Approve of Duterte's | 78 | handling of illegal drugs | Government is making | progress in campaign | against illegal drugs | Source Q124. Spring 2017 Global Attitudes Survey. Q121, Q122g8 | Source Q124. | PEW RESEARCH CENTER

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Majority-Minority Counties Have Doubled Counties where non Hispanic whites are a minority

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That year – the first decennial enumeration in which the nation’s Hispanic population was comprehensively counted – non-Hispanic whites were majorities in all but 171 out of 3,141 counties (5.4%), according to our analysis. The 1990 census was the first to break out non-Hispanic whites as a separate category; that year, they made up the majority in all but 186 counties, or 5.9% of the total. (The Census Bureau considers Hispanic to be an ethnicity rather than a race; accordingly, Hispanics can be of any race.)

https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2015/07/01/share-of-counties-where-whites-are-a-minority-has-doubled-since-1980/

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Majority-Minority | Counties Have Doubled | Since 1980 | Counties where non Hispanic | whites are a minority | 364 | 339 | 258 | 186 | 171 | 1980 1990 2000 2010 2014 | Note: Counts include Washington, D.C | Source: Census Bureau Washington, | PEW RESEARCH CENTER

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U.S. method for choosing head of state is unique among democracies U.S Electoral chosen College by

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In more than half (65) of the world’s 125 democracies, the head of state – nearly always called a president – is directly elected by voters. Thirty other democracies are classified as constitutional monarchies, and in the remaining 30, including the U.S., the head of state is indirectly elected. (We confined our analysis to the 125 nations designated as “electoral democracies” by Freedom House, a research institute that studies issues of democracy, political freedom and human rights.)

https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2016/11/22/among-democracies-u-s-stands-out-in-how-it-chooses-its-head-of-state/

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U.S. method for choosing head of state | is unique among democracies | U.S chosen College by | U.S Electoral chosen College by | chosen by national | Republics with | legislature | combined head of state 41 | and government | 33 | directly elected | indirectly elected | 22 | Republics with separate | 54 | head of state vs. | head of government | directly elected | 32 | Constitutional | hereditary | 30 | monarchies | Source: Freedom House CIA World Factbook, individual | national constitutions | PEW RESEARCH CENTER

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Social Media Gender Gap Narrows % of adult internet users who use social networking sites

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Historically, women have been more avid users of social media than men – a finding consistent across several Pew Research Center surveys. In fact, in November 2010, the gender gap was as large as 15 percentage points. More recent data, however, show that these differences are no longer statistically significant. A new Pew Research Center analysis finds that a similar share of men and women say they used social networking sites this year, consistent with what we found in 2014. Some 73% of online men use social media, which is on par with the 80% of online women who say they do so.

https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2015/08/28/men-catch-up-with-women-on-overall-social-media-use/

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Social Media Gender Gap | Narrows | % of adult internet users who use | social networking sites | Men | Women | 80 | 73 | 68 | 53 | 2010 | 2015 | Source Pew Research Centersurveys | conducted Nov. 3-24 2010 Centersurveys and June 10- | July 12 2015. | PEW RESEARCH CENTER

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Trump's job approval has changed little during his three years as president % who ofthe way Trump is handling his job as

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Trump’s overall job ratings have not changed in the wake of the impeachment process, just as they have remained relatively stable over the course of his presidency. In the current survey, 40% approve of the way Trump is handling his job as president, while 58% say they disapprove. Views are about the same as they were in September 2019 (40% approve, 59% disapprove), prior to the House of Representatives launching a formal impeachment inquiry and voting to impeach the president.

https://www.pewresearch.org/politics/2020/01/22/by-a-narrow-margin-americans-say-senate-trial-should-result-in-trumps-removal/

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Trump's job approval has changed little | during his three years as president | % who | ofthe way Trump is handling his job as | president | Disapprove | 63 | 61 | 61 | 60 | 59 | 58 | 56 | 44 | 40 | 40 | 38 | 38 | 38 | 36 | Approve | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | Note: No answer responses not shown | Source: Survey of U.S adults conducted Jan 6-19, 2020 | PEW RESEARCH CENTER

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Weekly News Interest % following very closely July 11-14, 2013

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While 26% of Americans say they followed news about the Zimmerman trial very closely about as many (24%) say they tracked news about a plane crash in San Francisco very closely. Among other stories, 18% followed news about the debate over immigration policy very closely, while comparable percentages paid very close attention to efforts by Edward Snowden to gain asylum (16%) and the situation in Egypt (15%). The “royal baby” attracted very little public interest: Just 5% followed news about about the upcoming birth of Prince William and Kate Middleton’s first baby, one of the lowest levels of interest for any news story this year. In recent years, news about the royals has been very limited, with one notable exception – the death of Princess Diana in 1997.

https://www.pewresearch.org/politics/2013/07/15/modest-public-interest-in-close-of-zimmerman-trial/

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Weekly News Interest | % following very closely | July 11-14, 2013 | Zimmerman trial | 26 | Asiana plane crash | 24 | Immigration reform | 18 | Edward Snowden | 16 | Situation in Egypt | 15 | Royal baby | 5 | PEW RESEARCH CENTER, July 11-14, 2013,

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the better ratings than Obama at end of his tenure Among Israelis

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In survey after survey, Israelis give the U.S. some of its highest favorability ratings, and that’s true again this year, with 81% saying they have a positive view of the U.S. Assessments of American presidents, however, have fluctuated. In 2003, President George W. Bush received very high ratings, but those declined a bit over the course of his presidency. Obama’s confidence ratings varied from 49% to 71% in the Center’s polling in Israel during his administration. Between 2014 and 2015, his ratings dipped substantially, reflecting tensions between Obama and Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu over the Iran nuclear deal. Israel is one of only two countries (Russia being the other) in which Trump’s ratings are higher than Obama’s during the final two years of his administration.

https://www.pewresearch.org/global/2017/06/26/u-s-image-suffers-as-publics-around-world-question-trumps-leadership/

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U.S favorability ratings consistently high in Israel, but Trump | the better ratings than Obama at end of his tenure | Among Israelis | 100% | Favorable view of U.S. | 83 84 | 81 | .78 | 83 | 81 | 71 | 78 | 56 | 61 | 56 | 49 | 49 | Confidence in U.S. president | 2003 | 2005 | 2007 | 2009 | 2011 | 2013 | 2015 | 2017 | Trump | Obama | Bush | Source: Spring 2017 Global Attitudes Survey Q12a & Q30a | PEW RESEARCH CENTER

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Press Criticism of Political Leaders

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By contrast, public support for the news media’s role as a political watchdog has endured and even increased a bit. Six-in-ten Americans say that by criticizing political leaders, news organizations keep political leaders from doing things that should not be done; just 28% feel such criticism keeps political leaders from doing their jobs. Two years ago, 54% endorsed the press’s role as a political watchdog.

https://www.pewresearch.org/politics/2005/06/26/public-more-critical-of-press-but-goodwill-persists/

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Press Criticism of Political Leaders | 600 | 28 | S | : | I | 3 | : | : | s | g | 3 | I | I | Keeps leaders trom doing their job | Keeps leaders from doing things that | shouldn 't be done

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The shares of adults living in middle-income households fell in many countries in Western Europe % of adults living in middle- -income households in1991 and 2010

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The shares of adults living in middle-income households fell in several countries in Western Europe. In seven of 11 Western European countries examined, the share of adults in middle-income households fell between 1991 and 2010. The share of the adult population that is middle income decreased in Finland, Germany, Italy, Luxembourg, Norway and Spain (as it did in the U.S.), but increased in France, Ireland, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom. The largest shares of the adult population in middle-income households in 2010 were found in Denmark (80%), Norway (80%), and the Netherlands (79%), while the smallest shares were found in Italy (67%), the UK (67%) and Spain (64%). Each of the Western European countries studied had a larger share of adults in middle-income households than the U.S. (59%).

https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2017/04/27/10-demographic-trends-shaping-the-u-s-and-the-world-in-2017/

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The shares of adults living in middle-income | households fell in many countries in Western Europe | % of adults living in middle- -income households in1991 and 2010 | 82% | 81 29 | 80 Norway | a 79 Netherlands | 80 Denmark | 75 Luxembourg 76 | 074 France | 75 Finland | 720 | 72 Germany | 69 69 | 069 Ireland | 067 UK | 67 Intaly | 64 Spain | 62 | 61 | 60 | 59 U.S. | 1991 | 2010 | 1991 | 2010 | Note: Middle-income households havedisposable incomes thatare two -thirds to doublethe | national median disposal bbe income, after incomes have been adjusted for household size | For some countries disposal the 1991 estimates are from the following survey years Denmark- | 1992 France 1989. Germany 1989 Ireland 1987. Netherlands- 1993, Spain- 1990 | Source Pew Research Centeranalysis of data from the Cross- -National Data Centerin | Luxembourg (LIS). | "Middle Class Fortunes in Westem Europe" | PEW RESEARCH CENTER

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Male differently and female crowdfunding projects donors give differently and to different projects % of male /female crowdfunding donors in USS who Men Women product or invention

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Users frequently contribute to crowdfunding projects as a way to help individuals in need. Fully 68% of crowdfunding donors have contributed to a project to help someone facing some sort of hardship or financial challenge, making it the most common type of project of the five evaluated in this survey. In addition to these types of projects: Men and women differ in a number of ways when it comes to their use of crowdfunding platforms. Male donors are roughly twice as likely as female donors to have contributed to six or more projects, and are also nearly twice as likely to have contributed more than $100 to an individual project. And while women are more likely to contribute to a project to help someone in need, men are more likely to help fund new products or inventions, as well as projects for musicians or other creative artists. Younger men are especially interested in funding new products and inventions: 48% of men ages 18-49 who have made a crowdfunding donation have contributed to this type of project.

https://www.pewresearch.org/internet/2016/05/19/the-new-digital-economy/

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Male differently and female crowdfunding projects donors | give differently and to different projects | % of male /female crowdfunding donors in USS who | Men Women | 17% | Have given to 6+ | projects | 9% | 22 | Have donated $100 | or more to a project | 12 | Have donated to a | 58 | project to help | 75 | someone in need | Have donated to a | 42 | project for a new | product or invention | Have donated to a | 36 | project for a | 25 | creative artist | Source: Survey conducted Nov 24-Dec 21 2015 | "Shared, Survey Colla borative and On Demand: The New Digital Economy | PEW RESEARCH CENTER

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Roughly half of Americans express strong trust in medical scientists and their research on childhood vaccines for measles, mumps and rubella % of USS adults Fairlywell at well/Not all well

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Public perceptions of medical scientists and their research are broadly positive. Some 55% of Americans perceive strong consensus among medical scientists that the measles, mumps and rubella vaccine is safe for healthy children. Nearly half of Americans (47%) say that medical scientists understand very well the risks and benefits of the MMR vaccine, 43% say medical scientists understand this fairly well and just one-in-ten (10%) say medical scientists do not understand this at all or not too well. Some 52% say that scientists’ research on childhood vaccines is influenced by the best available evidence most of the time, and 55% say such research is influenced by scientists’ concern for the best interests of children’s health most of the time. Smaller shares say that researchers’ desire to help their industries or to advance their own careers influences research on childhood vaccines most of the time.

https://www.pewresearch.org/science/2017/02/02/vast-majority-of-americans-say-benefits-of-childhood-vaccines-outweigh-risks/

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Roughly half of Americans express strong trust in | medical scientists and their research on childhood | vaccines for measles, mumps and rubella | % of USS adults | Nottoo | well/Not | Verywell | Fairlywell at well/Not all well | Medical scientists | understand the health | 43 | 10 | 47 | effects of MMR vaccine | More than About orfewer half | Almost | orfewer | Perceived share of medical | al | half | scientists who say the MMR | 55 | 28 | 15 | vaccine is safe | Nottoo | much/Not | Some | Trust medical scientists to | Alot | etall | provide full and accurate | 55 | 35 | informa provide tion on MMR vaccine | Nottoo | Research findings influenced bv each of the following | Someof | ofteny | Most ofthe time | the time | Never | Best available scientific | 52 | 36 | evidence | Concern for the best interests | 55 | 35 | of children's health | Researchers' desire to help | 27 | 52 | 20 | their industry | Scientists' desire to advance | 27 | 25 | 45 | their career | Scientists" own political | 18 | 45 | 34 | leanings | Note: Respondents who did not give an answerare notshown. | Source Survey conducted May 10-June 6, 2016. | "Vast Majority ofAmericans Say Benefits ofChildhood Vaccines Outweil igh Risks" | PEW RESEARCH CENTER

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Younger newsroom employees are less Younger likely than their folder colleagues to be white men % of U.S. employed adults in each age group who are Note: Based on population ages 18 and older employed in

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Putting these demographic measures together, 38% of the youngest newsroom employees are both non-Hispanic white and male. This is still a higher share than among workers overall (30%), but this 8-percentage-point gap is smaller than among older age groups. Newsroom employees age 50 and older are 17 percentage points more likely to be white men than all workers in the same age group, while those ages 30 to 49 are 15 points more likely.

https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2018/11/02/newsroom-employees-are-less-diverse-than-u-s-workers-overall/

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Younger newsroom employees are less | Younger likely than their folder colleagues to be | white men | % of U.S. employed adults in each age group | who are | Newsroom employees | All U.S. workers | Non-Hispanic white and male | DIFF | 38% | +8 | 18-29 | 30% | 48 | +15 | 3049 | 33 | 56 | +17 | 50+ | 39 | Note: Based on population ages 18 and older employed in | the civilian labor force Non-Hispanic whites include only | single-race whites For a Non-Hispanic full definition of *news room only | employees see the methodology. | Source: Pew Research Center ana lysis of U.S Census Bureau | 2012 2016 American Community Survey 5-Year Public Use | Microdata Sample file. | PEW RESEARCH CENTER

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As Fewer Americans See Success in Iraq, More Want Troop Withdrawals

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For first two years of the conflict, Americans largely believed that the war effort was going at least fairly well and that the U.S. should not with draw its troops until the situation in Iraq was stable. By October 2005, however, a 53%-majority of the public had come to the view that the U.S. military effort in Iraq was not succeeding. As judgments about the war worsened in the following months and years, calls for withdrawals also trended upward. By July of this year, a Pew poll found nearly six-in-ten Americans saying that the U.S. military effort in Iraq was going not too well or not at all well. Correspondingly, the poll found a 54%-39% margin in favor of bringing U.S. forces home. The obvious question is: given these trend lines, can enough of a case for progress be made by the Bush administration to revive public patience with the war effort literally overnight?

https://www.pewresearch.org/2007/09/05/what-could-convince-americans-to-stay-the-course-in-iraq/

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As Fewer Americans See Success in Iraq, | More Want Troop Withdrawals | 50 | 30 | -2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | BBing Troops Home | Wiar Going Will

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Americans Hold Strong Views About Privacy in Everyday Life In response to the following question: "Privacy means different things to differentpeople today. In thinking about all of your daily interactions both online and offline please tell me things how important each of the following are to you % ofadults who say

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However, far fewer (63%) feel it is important to be able to “go around in public without always being identified.” Only 34% believe being able to go unnoticed in public is “very important” and 29% say it is “somewhat important” to them. In both cases, all adults, regardless of age or gender, express comparable views.

https://www.pewresearch.org/internet/2015/05/20/americans-attitudes-about-privacy-security-and-surveillance/

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Americans Hold Strong Views About Privacy in Everyday Life | In response to the following question: "Privacy means different things to differentpeople today. In thinking about all | of your daily interactions both online and offline please tell me things how important each of the following are to you | % ofadults who say | Very | Somewhat | Not very | Not atall | Don't | SENET Not | NET | important | important | important | important | know | Important Important | Being in control ofwho can get | 74% | 19% 311 93% | 4% | info about you | Being able to share confidential | 72 | 21 211 | 93 | matters with someone you trust | Not having someone watch you or | 88 | 67 | 20 | 8 12 | listen to having you withoutyour permission | Controlling what information is | 25 511 | 90 | 65 | collected about you | Not being disturbed at home | 56 | 29 | 22 | 85 | 11 | Being able to have times when you are | 55 | 30 | 22 | 85 | 10 | completely alone, away from anyone else | Having individuals things in social/work situations | 36 | 13 2 | 79 | 15 | 14 | Having not ask you things that are highly personal | Being able always to go around in public | 63 | 31 | 34 | 29 | 25 | without always being identified | Not being monitored at work | 56 | 27 | 28 | 28 | 22 | 15 | Source: Pew Resea urch Center's Privacy Panel Survey #4. Jan. 27. 2015-Feb 16 2015 (N=461). Refused responses notshown. | PEW RESEARCH CENTER

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News Interest vs. News Coverage News Interest 2012 elections

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With a critical Republican primary in Florida, the 2012 presidential campaign was the public’s top story last week, closely followed by news about the economy. About a quarter (23%) say they followed news about the candidates for president most closely. Another 18% say the economy was their top story. Nearly as many (15%) say they followed news about the Super Bowl more closely than any other news, according to the latest weekly News Interest Index survey, conducted Feb. 2-5 among 1,006 adults by the Pew Research Center for the People & the Press. The presidential campaign was by far the most covered story, accounting for 36% of the newshole, according to a separate analysis by the Pew Research Center’s Project for Excellence in Journalism (PEJ). News about the economy accounted for 10% of coverage, while the Super Bowl accounted for 2%.

https://www.pewresearch.org/politics/2012/02/07/election-news-tops-public-interest-and-coverage/

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News Interest vs. News Coverage | News Interest | News Coverage | 2012 elections | 23 | 36 | Economy | 18 | 10 | 15 | Super Bowl | Susan G Komen grants | 11 | Afghanistan | Facebook IPO plans | News interest Research shows the percentage for the ofpeople who say they Feb, followed 2-5, 2012, this story most | closely, Pew Research Center percentage for the People 8 the Press, they Feb, 2-5, 2012, News story | coverage shows the Project percenta ge of Illence news coverage devoted to each story, 2012 Pew | coverage Research Center's Project percenta for ge Exce Illence coverage in Journa lism, Jan, 30-Feb story, 5, 2012

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Most Mexicans Dissatisfied with Direction of Country

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A majority of Mexicans remain unhappy with conditions in their country. Fully two-thirds are dissatisfied with the way things are going in Mexico today. Only 30% are satisfied with the country’s direction. This is largely unchanged from last year (29% satisfied, 69% dissatisfied) and continues a trend of general malaise going back to when the question was first asked in 2002.

https://www.pewresearch.org/global/2014/08/26/mexican-president-pena-nietos-ratings-slip-with-economic-reform/

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Most Mexicans Dissatisfied with Direction of Country | with the way things are going in our country today? | Are you | 100% | 79 | Dissatisfied | 78 | 76 | 80 | 69 | 68 | 6 | 63 | 60 | 40 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 29 | 20 | O | 22 | Satisfied | 20 | 19 | 16 | 2002 2007 2008 2009 2010 | 2011 2012 2013 2014 | Source Spring 2014 Global Attitudes survey. Q5. | PEW RESEARCH CENTER

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Blacks more likely than whites to say there are strong racial conflicts % who say there are conflicts between whites and blacks in America today

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More blacks than whites see at least strong conflicts between their two groups (76% vs. 61%), including close to twice as many who say they are very strong (38% vs. 21%). Nearly seven-in-ten Hispanics (69%) also see strong conflicts, including 42% who say they are very strong.

https://www.pewresearch.org/politics/2017/12/19/most-americans-say-trumps-election-has-led-to-worse-race-relations-in-the-u-s/

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Blacks more likely than whites to say | there are strong racial conflicts | % who say there are | conflicts between whites and | blacks in America today | Very strong | Strong | Total | 27 | 65 | White | 21 | 61 | Black | 38 | 76 | Hispanic | 42 | 69 | Rep/Lean Rep | 20 | Dem/Lean Dem | 31 | 74 | Among Rep/Lean Rep | Whites | 19 | 54 | Among Dem/Lean Dem | 70 | Whites | 23 | Blacks | 38 | 80 | Hispa nics | 47 | 77 | Notes: Whites and blacks include.onlythose who are not Hispanic | Hispanics are ofany race Don 'tknow responses notshown. | Hispanics Source: Survey are ofany ofus race adults Don cond lucted responses Nov. 29- -Dec notshown. 4. 2017 | PEW RESEARCH CENTER

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Eight-in-ten U.S. Muslims say they fast during Ramadan Do you fast during the holy month of Ramadan, or not?

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Muslims around the world are set to mark Ramadan, a holy month when many fast from sunrise to sunset in order to focus on their spiritual life and get closer to God. In the United States, the vast majority of Muslims celebrate Ramadan, with eight-in-ten saying they fast during the holiday. Fasting for Ramadan is common across all the demographic groups that make up America’s 2.15 million Muslim adults. For instance, similar shares of Muslim men and women (77% vs. 82%) say they fast, and there is little difference between Muslims who were born in the U.S. and immigrants (79% vs. 80%).

https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2018/05/15/most-u-s-muslims-observe-ramadan-by-fasting-during-daylight-hours/

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Religion & Public Life

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Eight-in-ten U.S. Muslims say they fast | during Ramadan | Do you fast during the holy month of Ramadan, or not? | Yes | No | U.S Muslims | 80% | 20% | Men | 77 | 22 | Women | 82 | 18 | U.S. born | 79 80 | 21 | Foreign born | 19 | Re ligion very important | 92 | 8 | Re ligion somewhat important | 65 | 35 | Re ligion not too/not at all important | 41 | 59 | Note: Don it know/refused responses not shown. | Source: Survey conducted Jan. 23-May 2, 2017 | *U.S. Muslims Survey Conce med About 23-May Their Place in Society, | but Continue to Be lieve in the Ame rican Dream | PEW RESEARCH CENTER

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For some undecided voters, presidential debates are pivotal % who say they made up their mind to vote for their candidate ofchoice during or just after the presidential debates

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Voters find the debates useful, but not determinative. Post-election surveys conducted by Pew Research Center since 1988 have found that, in most cases, three-fifths or more of voters say the debates were very or somewhat helpful in deciding which candidate to vote for. The high point was 1992, when 70% of voters said the three three-way debates that year between Bill Clinton, George H.W. Bush and Ross Perot were at least somewhat helpful. However, that doesn’t necessarily mean that large numbers of voters are waiting for the debates to make up their minds. In 2016, for example, only 10% of voters said they had definitively made up their minds “during or just after” the presidential debates. By comparison, 11% said they’d made up their minds in the days or weeks on or just before Election Day, 22% during or just after the party conventions, and 42% before the conventions.

https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2020/08/28/5-facts-about-presidential-and-vice-presidential-debates/

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U.S. Politics & Policy

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For some undecided voters, | presidential debates are pivotal | % who say they made up their mind to vote for | their candidate ofchoice during or just after the | presidential debates | 17 | 12% | 11 | 10 | 10 | '92 | I'00 | '04 | '12 | 16 | Source: Pew Research Center surveys conducted in | November of each listed year, following the election. | PEW RESEARCH CENTER

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Cyberattacks most worry Japanese is a major threatto our country Cyberattacks from other

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Many Japanese see the world as a threatening place. Their principal concern is the possibility of cyberattacks from other countries: 76% see this as a major threat, a concern shared by all age groups and greater than their worry about U.S. or Chinese power and influence. The Japanese, along with South Koreans, are more worried about cyberattacks than are the remaining 36 nations polled in the 2017 Pew Research Center survey. (For views on global threats, see “Globally, People Point to ISIS and Climate Change as Leading Security Threats.”) Two-thirds of Japanese (67%) see global climate change as a major danger. About six-in-ten (62%) voice the view that the Islamic militant group known as ISIS is a major threat to Japan. But only 38% say a large number of refugees leaving countries such as Iraq and Syria pose a major peril. In 2016 Japan took in only 28 refugees from all countries.

https://www.pewresearch.org/global/2017/10/17/japanese-divided-on-democracys-success-at-home-but-value-voice-of-the-people/

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Global Attributes & Trends

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Cyberattacks most worry Japanese | is a major threatto our country | Cyberattacks from other | 76% | countries | Global climate change | 67 | China's power and | influence | U.S power and influence | .62 | Islamic militant group | .62 | known as ISIS | The condition of the | 51 | global economy | Russia's power and | 43 | influence | Large number of refugees | 38 | leaving Iraq and Syria | Source: Spring 2017 Global Attitudes Survey. Q17a-h. | PEW RESEARCH CENTER